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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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(Mark one) | | |
[X] | | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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| | For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2010 |
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or |
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[ ] | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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| | For the transition period from____________________ to____________________ |
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Commission File Number: 1-11917
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FBL Financial Group, Inc. |
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
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Iowa | | 42-1411715 |
(State of incorporation) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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5400 University Avenue, West Des Moines, Iowa | | 50266-5997 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
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(515) 225-5400 |
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |
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(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [ ] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [ ] Yes [ ] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer [ ] | Accelerated filer [X] | Non-accelerated filer [ ] | Smaller reporting company [ ] |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes [X] No |
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Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date: |
Title of each class | | Outstanding at August 3, 2010 |
Class A Common Stock, without par value | | 29,631,669 |
Class B Common Stock, without par value | | 1,192,990 |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2010
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | |
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Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) | |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | |
| Consolidated Statements of Operations | |
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity | |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | |
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Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |
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Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | |
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | |
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PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION | |
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Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | |
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Item 6. | Exhibits | |
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SIGNATURES | | |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
Assets | | | |
Investments: | | | |
Fixed maturities - available for sale, at market (amortized cost: 2010 - $10,692,050; 2009 - $10,338,670) | $ | 10,831,536 | | | $ | 9,864,601 | |
Equity securities - available for sale, at market (cost: 2010 - $71,310; 2009 - $62,271) | 70,008 | | | 60,154 | |
Mortgage loans on real estate | 1,288,412 | | | 1,293,936 | |
Derivative instruments | 35,279 | | | 44,023 | |
Real estate | 14,682 | | | 16,563 | |
Policy loans | 169,209 | | | 168,736 | |
Other long-term investments | 1,870 | | | 1,882 | |
Short-term investments | 184,141 | | | 203,142 | |
Total investments | 12,595,137 | | | 11,653,037 | |
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Cash and cash equivalents | 23,531 | | | 11,690 | |
Securities and indebtedness of related parties | 50,850 | | | 46,518 | |
Accrued investment income | 136,609 | | | 131,655 | |
Amounts receivable from affiliates | 2,864 | | | 8,311 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | 112,262 | | | 126,918 | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | 832,288 | | | 1,101,233 | |
Deferred sales inducements | 265,241 | | | 359,771 | |
Value of insurance in force acquired | 26,935 | | | 38,781 | |
Property and equipment, less allowances for depreciation of $62,750 in 2010 and $62,895 in 2009 | 17,370 | | | 17,335 | |
Current income taxes recoverable | 18,363 | | | 16,955 | |
Goodwill | 11,170 | | | 11,170 | |
Other assets | 43,458 | | | 33,894 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 658,820 | | | 702,073 | |
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Total assets | $ | 14,794,898 | | | $ | 14,259,341 | |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity | | | |
Liabilities: | | | |
Policy liabilities and accruals: | | | |
Future policy benefits: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index products | $ | 10,390,535 | | | $ | 10,149,505 | |
Traditional life insurance and accident and health products | 1,339,190 | | | 1,318,834 | |
Unearned revenue reserve | 23,674 | | | 27,500 | |
Other policy claims and benefits | 19,735 | | | 22,185 | |
| 11,773,134 | | | 11,518,024 | |
Other policyholders' funds: | | | |
Supplementary contracts without life contingencies | 508,326 | | | 502,553 | |
Advance premiums and other deposits | 173,493 | | | 169,108 | |
Accrued dividends | 8,699 | | | 9,656 | |
| 690,518 | | | 681,317 | |
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Amounts payable to affiliates | 592 | | | 759 | |
Long-term debt payable to affiliates | 100,000 | | | 100,000 | |
Long-term debt | 271,126 | | | 271,084 | |
Deferred income taxes | 120,912 | | | 27,506 | |
Other liabilities | 105,237 | | | 87,301 | |
Liabilities related to separate accounts | 658,820 | | | 702,073 | |
Total liabilities | 13,720,339 | | | 13,388,064 | |
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Stockholders' equity: | | | |
FBL Financial Group, Inc. stockholders' equity: | | | |
Preferred stock, without par value, at liquidation value - authorized 10,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 5,000,000 Series B shares | 3,000 | | | 3,000 | |
Class A common stock, without par value - authorized 88,500,000 shares, issued and outstanding 29,629,123 shares in 2010 and 29,282,989 shares in 2009 | 113,813 | | | 109,877 | |
Class B common stock, without par value - authorized 1,500,000 shares, issued and outstanding 1,192,990 shares | 7,522 | | | 7,522 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 44,144 | | | (118,730 | ) |
Retained earnings | 905,983 | | | 869,487 | |
Total FBL Financial Group, Inc. stockholders' equity | 1,074,462 | | | 871,156 | |
Noncontrolling interest | 97 | | | 121 | |
Total stockholders' equity | 1,074,559 | | | 871,277 | |
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Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 14,794,898 | | | $ | 14,259,341 | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
Revenues: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 30,435 | | | $ | 52,991 | | | $ | 60,438 | | | $ | 94,131 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums | 42,791 | | | 40,954 | | | 82,036 | | | 78,908 | |
Net investment income | 179,908 | | | 182,772 | | | 357,997 | | | 366,841 | |
Derivative income (loss) | (54,285 | ) | | 17,000 | | | (31,949 | ) | | (7,601 | ) |
Net realized capital gains on sales of investments | 2,187 | | | 33,528 | | | 6,916 | | | 35,479 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses | (31,356 | ) | | (48,724 | ) | | (58,510 | ) | | (79,851 | ) |
Non-credit portion in other comprehensive income/loss | 24,262 | | | 21,317 | | | 43,394 | | | 30,823 | |
Net impairment loss recognized in earnings | (7,094 | ) | | (27,407 | ) | | (15,116 | ) | | (49,028 | ) |
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Other income | 3,931 | | | 4,661 | | | 6,950 | | | 9,247 | |
Total revenues | 197,873 | | | 304,499 | | | 467,272 | | | 527,977 | |
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Benefits and expenses: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product benefits | 128,454 | | | 109,402 | | | 250,638 | | | 223,838 | |
Change in value of index product embedded derivatives | (58,602 | ) | | 51,350 | | | (32,546 | ) | | 42,681 | |
Traditional life insurance benefits | 22,186 | | | 24,453 | | | 49,754 | | | 46,557 | |
Increase in traditional life future policy benefits | 9,025 | | | 10,110 | | | 18,766 | | | 19,828 | |
Distributions to participating policyholders | 4,387 | | | 5,057 | | | 9,060 | | | 9,978 | |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | 49,663 | | | 56,203 | | | 93,601 | | | 128,166 | |
Interest expense | 6,117 | | | 6,116 | | | 12,235 | | | 13,048 | |
Other expenses | 5,055 | | | 5,550 | | | 9,309 | | | 10,480 | |
Total benefits and expenses | 166,285 | | | 268,241 | | | 410,817 | | | 494,576 | |
| 31,588 | | | 36,258 | | | 56,455 | | | 33,401 | |
Income taxes | (10,511 | ) | | (11,982 | ) | | (18,466 | ) | | (10,726 | ) |
Equity income, net of related income taxes | 1,207 | | | 88 | | | 2,302 | | | 161 | |
Net income | 22,284 | | | 24,364 | | | 40,291 | | | 22,836 | |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 39 | | | 54 | | | 53 | | | 92 | |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 22,323 | | | $ | 24,418 | | | $ | 40,344 | | | $ | 22,928 | |
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Earnings per common share | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.81 | | | $ | 1.33 | | | $ | 0.76 | |
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.81 | | | $ | 1.32 | | | $ | 0.76 | |
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Cash dividends per common share | $ | 0.0625 | | | $ | 0.0625 | | | $ | 0.1250 | | | $ | 0.1875 | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| FBL Financial Group, Inc. Stockholders' Equity | | | | |
| Series B Preferred Stock | | Class A and Class B Common Stock (a) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | Retained Earnings | | Non- controlling Interest | | Total Stockholders' Equity |
Balance at January 1, 2009 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 111,612 | | | $ | (649,758 | ) | | $ | 793,511 | | | $ | 96 | | | $ | 258,461 | |
Reclassification of non-credit impairment losses from prior periods | — | | | — | | | (15,641 | ) | | 15,641 | | | — | | | — | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income - six months ended June 30, 2009 | — | | | — | | | — | | | 22,928 | | | (92 | ) | | 22,836 | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains/losses | — | | | — | | | 331,851 | | | — | | | — | | | 331,851 | |
Non-credit impairment losses | — | | | — | | | (15,989 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (15,989 | ) |
Change in underfunded status of other postretirement benefit plans | — | | | — | | | 11 | | | — | | | — | | | 11 | |
Total comprehensive income (b) | | | | | | | | | | | 338,709 | |
Stock-based compensation, including the issuance of 297,502 common shares under compensation plans | — | | | 2,323 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,323 | |
Dividends on preferred stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (75 | ) | | — | | | (75 | ) |
Dividends on common stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (5,602 | ) | | — | | | (5,602 | ) |
Receipts related to noncontrolling interest | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 83 | | | 83 | |
Balance at June 30, 2009 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 113,935 | | | $ | (349,526 | ) | | $ | 826,403 | | | $ | 87 | | | $ | 593,899 | |
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Balance at January 1, 2010 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 117,399 | | | $ | (118,730 | ) | | $ | 869,487 | | | $ | 121 | | | $ | 871,277 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income - six months ended June 30, 2010 | — | | | — | | | — | | | 40,344 | | | (53 | ) | | 40,291 | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains/losses | — | | | — | | | 186,717 | | | — | | | — | | | 186,717 | |
Non-credit impairment losses | — | | | — | | | (23,955 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (23,955 | ) |
Change in underfunded status of other postretirement benefit plans | — | | | — | | | 112 | | | — | | | — | | | 112 | |
Total comprehensive income (b) | | | | | | | | | | | 203,165 | |
Stock-based compensation, including the issuance of 346,134 common shares under compensation plans | — | | | 3,936 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,936 | |
Dividends on preferred stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (75 | ) | | — | | | (75 | ) |
Dividends on common stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (3,773 | ) | | — | | | (3,773 | ) |
Receipts related to noncontrolling interest | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 29 | | | 29 | |
Balance at June 30, 2010 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 121,335 | | | $ | 44,144 | | | $ | 905,983 | | | $ | 97 | | | $ | 1,074,559 | |
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(a) | All activity for the periods shown relates to Class A Common Stock. |
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(b) | Detail of comprehensive income for the three and six-month periods is shown below: |
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| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
Total comprehensive income | $ | 101,940 | | | $ | 323,307 | | | $ | 203,165 | | | $ | 338,709 | |
Comprehensive income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | 101,979 | | | 323,361 | | | 203,218 | | | 338,801 | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | |
| Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 |
Operating activities | | | |
Net income | $ | 40,291 | | | $ | 22,836 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | |
Adjustments related to interest sensitive and index products: | | | |
Interest credited/index credits to account balances, excluding deferred sales inducements | 219,888 | | | 163,757 | |
Change in fair value of embedded derivatives | (32,546 | ) | | 42,681 | |
Charges for mortality, surrenders and administration | (56,564 | ) | | (92,236 | ) |
Deferral of unearned revenues | 1,299 | | | 963 | |
Amortization of unearned revenue reserve | (1,869 | ) | | (793 | ) |
Provision for depreciation and amortization of property and equipment | 2,433 | | | 3,350 | |
Provision for accretion and amortization of investments | 831 | | | (3,419 | ) |
Realized losses on investments | 8,200 | | | 13,549 | |
Change in fair value of derivatives | 25,826 | | | 2,104 | |
Increase in traditional life and accident and health benefit accruals | 20,356 | | | 22,091 | |
Policy acquisition costs deferred | (41,378 | ) | | (64,028 | ) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | 47,949 | | | 81,253 | |
Amortization of deferred sales inducements | 8,784 | | | 34,682 | |
Amortization of value of insurance in force | 1,164 | | | 1,393 | |
Change in accrued investment income | (4,954 | ) | | 4,479 | |
Change in amounts receivable from/payable to affiliates | 5,280 | | | 9,789 | |
Change in reinsurance recoverable | 14,656 | | | (5,747 | ) |
Change in current income taxes | (1,408 | ) | | 911 | |
Provision for deferred income taxes | 5,134 | | | 12,881 | |
Other | (4,766 | ) | | (22,576 | ) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 258,606 | | | 227,920 | |
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Investing activities | | | |
Sale, maturity or repayment of investments: | | | |
Fixed maturities - available for sale | 332,146 | | | 1,041,040 | |
Equity securities - available for sale | 696 | | | 88 | |
Mortgage loans on real estate | 35,934 | | | 45,281 | |
Derivative instruments | 15,524 | | | 10,538 | |
Policy loans | 20,565 | | | 20,198 | |
Other long-term investments | — | | | 14 | |
Short-term investments - net | 19,001 | | | — | |
| 423,866 | | | 1,117,159 | |
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Acquisition of investments: | | | |
Fixed maturities - available for sale | (686,302 | ) | | (686,219 | ) |
Equity securities - available for sale | (9,735 | ) | | (10,414 | ) |
Mortgage loans on real estate | (30,200 | ) | | (475 | ) |
Derivative instruments | (31,004 | ) | | (35,642 | ) |
Policy loans | (21,038 | ) | | (23,170 | ) |
Short-term investments - net | — | | | (272,884 | ) |
| (778,279 | ) | | (1,028,804 | ) |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | |
| Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 |
Investing activities - continued | | | |
Proceeds from disposal, repayments of advances and other distributions of capital from equity investees | $ | 1,536 | | | $ | 25 | |
Investments in equity investees | (17 | ) | | — | |
Purchases of property and equipment | (2,964 | ) | | (2,589 | ) |
Disposal of property and equipment | 496 | | | 2,631 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (355,362 | ) | | 88,422 | |
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Financing activities | | | |
Receipts from interest sensitive and index products credited to policyholder account balances | 659,077 | | | 936,869 | |
Return of policyholder account balances on interest sensitive and index products | (548,689 | ) | | (1,220,008 | ) |
Repayment of short-term debt | — | | | (60,000 | ) |
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests - net | 29 | | | 83 | |
Excess tax deductions on stock-based compensation | 644 | | | 15 | |
Issuance of common stock | 1,384 | | | 654 | |
Dividends paid | (3,848 | ) | | (5,677 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 108,597 | | | (348,064 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 11,841 | | | (31,722 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 11,690 | | | 37,710 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 23,531 | | | $ | 5,988 | |
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Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information | | | |
Cash paid (received) during the period for: | | | |
Interest | $ | 12,181 | | | $ | 13,084 | |
Income taxes | 15,335 | | | (2,995 | ) |
Non-cash operating activity: | | | |
Deferral of sales inducements | 8,531 | | | 24,153 | |
Non-cash investing activity: | | | |
Exchange of real estate for mortgage loans | 1,507 | | | — | |
Exchange of fixed maturities for partnership investment in securities and indebtedness of related parties | 2,456 | | — | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
June 30, 2010
1. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of FBL Financial Group, Inc. (we or the Company) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Our financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations.
Operating results for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2010. We encourage you to refer to our consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2009 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete description of our material accounting policies. Also included in the Form 10-K is a description of areas of judgments and estimates and other information necessary to understand our financial position and results of operations.
Accounting Changes
Effective January 1, 2010, we adopted guidance that seeks to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities. This guidance addresses (1) the effects on certain provisions of GAAP as a result of the elimination of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept, and (2) constituent concerns about the accounting and disclosures that do not always provide timely and useful information about an enterprise's involvement in a variable interest entity. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance which requires additional disclosures and clarifies existing disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. Effective January 1, 2010, we adopted the portion of the guidance related to disclosures for 1) transfers in and out of the Level 1 and 2 categories, 2) the level of disaggregation of assets and liabilities and 3) inputs and valuation techniques. The guidance related to expanded disclosure of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements is effective for financial statements for periods that begin after December 15, 2010. Other than enhanced disclosures, the adoption of this guidance did not, and is not expected to, have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2009, we adopted guidance that establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosing of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. In February 2010, the FASB issued additional guidance that requires Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filers to evaluate subsequent events through the date that the financial statements are issued. For SEC filers, this guidance also removed the disclosure requirement related to disclosing the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2010, the FASB issued guidance which clarifies the type of embedded credit derivative that is exempt from embedded derivative bifurcation requirements. This new guidance requires that the only form of embedded credit derivatives that qualify for the exemption are credit derivatives related to the subordination of one financial instrument to another. For securities no longer exempt under the new guidance, companies may continue to forgo bifurcating the embedded derivatives if they elect, on an instrument-by-instrument basis, to report the security at fair value with changes in fair value reported through the statement of operations. This guidance is effective for quarterly periods beginning after June 15, 2010. Upon adoption of this guidance on July 1, 2010, we elected the fair value option for a collateralized debt obligation security, reclassifying $4.9 million of unrealized loss, net of offsets, from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings.
In April 2010, the FASB issued guidance clarifying that investments held within the separate accounts of an insurance entity should not be combined with the insurer's general account interest in the same investments when determining whether consolidation is required, unless the separate account interests are held for the benefit of a related party. This guidance is effective for financial statements for periods that begin after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Traditional Life Insurance Future Policy Benefits
During the second quarter of 2010, refinements were made to the calculation of reserves for certain traditional life contracts. These refinements, along with associated adjustments to deferred policy acquisition costs and taxes, resulted in an increase to 2010 net income of $3.0 million ($0.10 per basic and diluted common share).
2. Investment Operations
Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities by Investment Category |
| |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses (1) | | Estimated Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Bonds: | | | | | | | |
Corporate securities (2) | $ | 5,258,158 | | | $ | 384,478 | | | $ | (124,938 | ) | | $ | 5,517,698 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,979,135 | | | 55,525 | | | (93,961 | ) | | 1,940,699 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 764,899 | | | 60,324 | | | (57,422 | ) | | 767,801 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 399,792 | | | 2,361 | | | (74,877 | ) | | 327,276 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 18,000 | | | — | | | (14,940 | ) | | 3,060 | |
United States Government and agencies | 128,553 | | | 16,337 | | | — | | | 144,890 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 2,138,513 | | | 53,327 | | | (67,004 | ) | | 2,124,836 | |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 5,000 | | | 276 | | | — | | | 5,276 | |
Total fixed maturities | $ | 10,692,050 | | | $ | 572,628 | | | $ | (433,142 | ) | | $ | 10,831,536 | |
| | | | | | | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | $ | 40,649 | | | $ | 1,597 | | | $ | (3,094 | ) | | $ | 39,152 | |
Common stocks | 30,661 | | | 197 | | | (2 | ) | | 30,856 | |
Total equity securities | $ | 71,310 | | | $ | 1,794 | | | $ | (3,096 | ) | | $ | 70,008 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses (1) | | Estimated Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Bonds: | | | | | | | |
Corporate securities (2) | $ | 5,120,925 | | | $ | 195,581 | | | $ | (226,617 | ) | | $ | 5,089,889 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,993,086 | | | 22,365 | | | (142,041 | ) | | 1,873,410 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 785,729 | | | 20,327 | | | (85,933 | ) | | 720,123 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 230,755 | | | 351 | | | (98,233 | ) | | 132,873 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 27,541 | | | — | | | (14,649 | ) | | 12,892 | |
United States Government and agencies | 137,390 | | | 4,620 | | | (2,543 | ) | | 139,467 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 2,038,244 | | | 8,509 | | | (155,500 | ) | | 1,891,253 | |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 5,000 | | | — | | | (306 | ) | | 4,694 | |
Total fixed maturities | $ | 10,338,670 | | | $ | 251,753 | | | $ | (725,822 | ) | | $ | 9,864,601 | |
| | | | | | | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | $ | 40,649 | | | $ | 2,436 | | | $ | (4,648 | ) | | $ | 38,437 | |
Common stocks | 21,622 | | | 109 | | | (14 | ) | | 21,717 | |
Total equity securities | $ | 62,271 | | | $ | 2,545 | | | $ | (4,662 | ) | | $ | 60,154 | |
| |
(1) | Gross unrealized losses include non-credit losses on other-than-temporarily impaired corporate securities totaling $19.4 million at June 30, 2010 and $0.3 million at December 31, 2009, other asset-backed securities totaling $42.8 million at June 30, 2010 and $32.4 million at December 31, 2009, and residential mortgage-backed securities totaling $12.4 million at June 30, 2010 and $7.4 million at December 31, 2009. |
| |
(2) | Corporate securities include certain hybrid preferred securities with a carrying value of $214.6 million and $208.9 million at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. |
Short-term investments have been excluded from the above schedules as amortized cost approximates fair value for these securities.
| | | | | | | |
Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities by Maturity Date | | | |
| | | |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Estimated Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Due in one year or less | $ | 95,463 | | | $ | 97,353 | |
Due after one year through five years | 1,239,320 | | | 1,309,402 | |
Due after five years through ten years | 2,492,198 | | | 2,672,613 | |
Due after ten years | 3,716,243 | | | 3,711,116 | |
| 7,543,224 | | | 7,790,484 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,979,135 | | | 1,940,699 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 764,899 | | | 767,801 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 399,792 | | | 327,276 | |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 5,000 | | | 5,276 | |
| $ | 10,692,050 | | | $ | 10,831,536 | |
Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
| | | | | | | |
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
| | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on: | | | |
Fixed maturities - available for sale | $ | 139,486 | | | $ | (474,069 | ) |
Equity securities - available for sale | (1,302 | ) | | (2,117 | ) |
Interest rate swaps | (241 | ) | | (362 | ) |
| 137,943 | | | (476,548 | ) |
Adjustments for assumed changes in amortization pattern of: | | | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | (66,298 | ) | | 196,077 | |
Deferred sales inducements | 1,666 | | | 95,942 | |
Value of insurance in force acquired | (7,024 | ) | | 3,657 | |
Unearned revenue reserve | 1,763 | | | (1,492 | ) |
Provision for deferred income taxes | (23,809 | ) | | 63,837 | |
| 44,241 | | | (118,527 | ) |
Proportionate share of net unrealized investment losses of equity investees | (9 | ) | | (3 | ) |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) | $ | 44,232 | | | $ | (118,530 | ) |
The changes in net unrealized investment gains and losses are recorded net of deferred income taxes and other adjustments for assumed changes in the amortization pattern of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, value of
insurance in force acquired and unearned revenue reserve totaling ($451.7) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and $162.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009. Subsequent changes in fair value of securities for which a previous non-credit other-than-temporary impairment loss was recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reported along with changes in fair value for which no other-than-temporary impairment losses were previously recognized.
We monitor the financial condition and operations of the issuers of securities rated below investment grade and of the issuers of certain investment grade securities on which we have concerns regarding credit quality. In determining whether or not an unrealized loss is other than temporary, we review factors such as:
| |
• | historical operating trends; |
• | business prospects; |
• | status of the industry in which the company operates; |
• | analyst ratings on the issuer and sector; |
• | quality of management; |
• | size of unrealized loss; |
• | level of current market interest rates compared to market interest rates when the security was purchased; |
• | length of time the security has been in an unrealized loss position; and |
• | our intent to sell and whether it is more likely than not that we would be required to sell prior to recovery. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities with Unrealized Losses by Length of Time |
| | |
| | June 30, 2010 |
| | Less than one year | | One year or more | | Total |
Description of Securities | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | | $ | 84,070 | | | $ | (9,459 | ) | | $ | 843,588 | | | $ | (115,479 | ) | | $ | 927,658 | | | $ | (124,938 | ) |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | 38,935 | | | (101 | ) | | 796,632 | | | (93,860 | ) | | 835,567 | | | (93,961 | ) |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | 7,370 | | | (22 | ) | | 169,345 | | | (57,400 | ) | | 176,715 | | | (57,422 | ) |
Other asset-backed securities | | 42,589 | | | (81 | ) | | 123,993 | | | (74,796 | ) | | 166,582 | | | (74,877 | ) |
Collateralized debt obligation | | — | | | — | | | 3,060 | | | (14,940 | ) | | 3,060 | | | (14,940 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | | 38,736 | | | (1,309 | ) | | 638,708 | | | (65,695 | ) | | 677,444 | | | (67,004 | ) |
Total fixed maturities | | $ | 211,700 | | | $ | (10,972 | ) | | $ | 2,575,326 | | | $ | (422,170 | ) | | $ | 2,787,026 | | | $ | (433,142 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity securities | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 21,919 | | | $ | (3,096 | ) | | $ | 21,919 | | | $ | (3,096 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2009 |
| | Less than one year | | One year or more | | Total |
Description of Securities | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | | $ | 314,304 | | | $ | (13,717 | ) | | $ | 1,577,140 | | | $ | (212,900 | ) | | $ | 1,891,444 | | | $ | (226,617 | ) |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | 53,341 | | | (1,807 | ) | | 1,025,010 | | | (140,234 | ) | | 1,078,351 | | | (142,041 | ) |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | 8,110 | | | (521 | ) | | 242,414 | | | (85,412 | ) | | 250,524 | | | (85,933 | ) |
Other asset-backed securities | | 18,386 | | | (11,891 | ) | | 104,784 | | | (86,342 | ) | | 123,170 | | | (98,233 | ) |
Collateralized debt obligation | | — | | | — | | | 3,351 | | | (14,649 | ) | | 3,351 | | | (14,649 | ) |
Unites States Government and agencies | | 63,528 | | | (2,392 | ) | | 14,684 | | | (151 | ) | | 78,212 | | | (2,543 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | | 762,644 | | | (21,139 | ) | | 777,542 | | | (134,361 | ) | | 1,540,186 | | | (155,500 | ) |
Redeemable preferred stocks | | — | | | — | | | 4,694 | | | (306 | ) | | 4,694 | | | (306 | ) |
Total fixed maturities | | $ | 1,220,313 | | | $ | (51,467 | ) | | $ | 3,749,619 | | | $ | (674,355 | ) | | $ | 4,969,932 | | | $ | (725,822 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity securities | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 20,738 | | | $ | (4,662 | ) | | $ | 20,738 | | | $ | (4,662 | ) |
Included in the above tables are 499 securities from 315 issuers at June 30, 2010 and 953 securities from 651 issuers at December 31, 2009. The unrealized losses are primarily due to wider spreads between the risk-free and corporate and other bond yields relative to the spreads when the securities were purchased. Because we do not intend to sell or believe we will be required to sell these investments before their anticipated recovery of amortized cost, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2010. The following summarizes the more significant unrealized losses by investment category as of June 30, 2010.
Corporate securities: The unrealized losses on corporate securities represent 28.8% of our total unrealized losses. The largest losses remain in the finance sector ($519.8 million carrying value and $80.4 million unrealized loss). The largest unrealized losses in the finance sector were in the banking ($280.7 million carrying value and $55.2 million unrealized loss) and the life insurance ($89.8 million carrying value and $10.4 million unrealized loss) sub-sectors. The unrealized losses across the finance sector are primarily attributable to a general widening in spread levels relative to the spreads at which we acquired the securities. Finance sector spreads have narrowed but remain historically wide in comparison to the narrowing experienced in the remaining sectors, contributing to the proportionately larger amount of unrealized losses for this sector.
The other sector containing our largest unrealized losses is energy ($122.5 million carrying value and $13.6 million unrealized loss). The unrealized loss in this sector is generally due to spread widening across the sector.
Residential mortgage-backed securities: The unrealized losses on residential mortgage-backed securities represent 21.7% of our total unrealized losses, and were caused primarily by continued uncertainty regarding mortgage defaults on Alt-A loans. We purchased most of these investments at a discount to their face amount and the contractual cash flows of these investments are based on mortgages and other assets backing the securities.
Commercial mortgage-backed securities: The unrealized losses on commercial mortgage-backed securities represent 13.3% of our total unrealized losses, and were caused primarily by spread widening and industry concerns regarding the potential for future commercial mortgage defaults. There were also concerns regarding current and future downgrades by the three major rating agencies for tranches below the super senior AAA level. The contractual cash flows of these investments are based on mortgages backing the securities.
Other asset-backed securities: The unrealized losses on other asset-backed securities represent 17.3% of our total unrealized losses, and were caused primarily by concerns regarding mortgage defaults on subprime and home equity loans. We purchased most of these investments at a discount to their face amount and the contractual cash flows of these investments are based on mortgages and other assets backing the securities.
Collateralized debt obligation: The unrealized loss on the collateralized debt obligation represents 3.4% of our total unrealized losses. Our investment in this CCC-rated synthetic collateralized debt obligation is backed by credit default swaps with no home equity exposure. We have stress tested this security and determined that future principal losses are not expected based on reasonably adverse conditions, as we believe the existing subordination is sufficient to maintain the value of our investment. See Note 1 for discussion on change in accounting for this security in the third quarter of 2010.
State, municipal and other governments: The unrealized losses on state, municipal and other governments represent 15.5% of our total unrealized losses, and were primarily caused by general spread widening, the lack of printed underlying ratings on insured bonds and the uncertainty around the recent recession's impact on municipalities' income. We do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2010 because the decline in fair value is primarily attributable to increased spreads and general market concerns regarding municipalities' budget issues rather than the underlying issuers.
Excluding mortgage and asset-backed securities, no securities from the same issuer had an aggregate unrealized loss in excess of $14.9 million at June 30, 2010. The $14.9 million unrealized loss is from the collateralized debt obligation noted above. With respect to mortgage and asset-backed securities not backed by the United States Government, no securities from the same issuer had an aggregate unrealized loss in excess of $27.0 million at June 30, 2010. The $27.0 million unrealized loss from one issuer relates to three different securities that are backed by different pools of Alt-A residential mortgage loans. All but one of the three securities are rated investment grade and the largest unrealized loss totaled $9.4 million.
Equity securities: We also had $3.1 million of gross unrealized losses on equity securities with an estimated fair value of $21.9 million at June 30, 2010. The unrealized losses are attributable to perpetual preferred securities in the financial sector. These equity securities have been in an unrealized loss position for more than one year. These securities are similar to fixed maturities as they provide periodic cash flows, contain call features and are similarly rated and priced like other long-term callable bonds.
Realized gains and losses on sales of investments are determined on the basis of specific identification. The carrying values of all our investments are reviewed on an ongoing basis for credit deterioration. When our review indicates a decline in fair value is other than temporary, a specific write down is charged to earnings for the credit loss and a specific charge is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the non-credit loss component. For fixed maturity securities, the previous amortized cost adjusted by the credit loss becomes the new cost basis for the security. For equity securities, the fair value becomes the new cost basis for the security.
After an other-than-temporary write-down of all equity securities and any fixed maturity securities with a credit only impairment, the cost basis is generally not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value. However, for fixed maturity securities for which we can reasonably estimate future cash flows after a write down, the discount or reduced premium recorded, based on the new cost basis, is amortized over the remaining life of the security. Amortization in this instance is computed using the prospective method and the current estimate of the amount and timing of future cash flows.
Significant assumptions regarding the present value of expected cash flows for each security are used when an other-than-temporary impairment occurs and there is a non-credit portion of the unrealized loss that won't be recognized in earnings. Our assumptions for residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, other asset-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations include collateral pledged, scheduled principal and interest payments, default levels, delinquency rates and the level of nonperforming assets for the remainder of the investments' expected term. We use a single best estimate of cash flows approach and use the effective yield prior to the date of impairment to calculate the present value of cash flows. Our assumptions for corporate and other fixed maturity securities include scheduled principal and interest payments and an estimated recovery value, generally based on a percentage return of the current market value.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit Loss Component of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments on Fixed Maturity Securities |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | | Six months ended |
| June 30, 2010 | | June 30, 2009 | | June 30, 2010 | | June 30, 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | | (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | (83,673 | ) | | $ | (127,145 | ) | | $ | (98,545 | ) | | $ | (106,421 | ) |
Increases for which an impairment was not previously recognized | (5,782 | ) | | (23,286 | ) | | (12,330 | ) | | (40,472 | ) |
Increases to previously impaired investments | — | | | (4,121 | ) | | (1,474 | ) | | (7,691 | ) |
Reductions due to investments sold | 266 | | | 32,840 | | | 23,160 | | | 32,872 | |
Balance at end of period | $ | (89,189 | ) | | $ | (121,712 | ) | | $ | (89,189 | ) | | $ | (121,712 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales, Maturities and Principal Repayments on Fixed Maturity Securities - Available for Sale |
| | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2010 | | Three months ended June 30, 2009 |
| | Scheduled principal repayments and calls | | Sales | | Total | | Scheduled principal repayments and calls | | Sales | | Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Amortized cost | | $ | 112,213 | | | $ | 25,243 | | | $ | 137,456 | | | $ | 159,535 | | | $ | 618,560 | | | $ | 778,095 | |
Gross realized gains | | — | | | 2,166 | | | 2,166 | | | — | | | 34,480 | | | 34,480 | |
Gross realized losses | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (3,106 | ) | | (3,106 | ) |
Unsettled sales | | — | | | (2,025 | ) | | (2,025 | ) | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Proceeds | | $ | 112,213 | | | $ | 25,384 | | | $ | 137,597 | | | $ | 159,535 | | | $ | 649,934 | | | $ | 809,469 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six months ended June 30, 2010 | | Six months ended June 30, 2009 |
| | Scheduled principal repayments and calls | | Sales | | Total | | Scheduled principal repayments and calls | | Sales | | Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Amortized cost | | $ | 216,521 | | | $ | 110,497 | | | $ | 327,018 | | | $ | 255,962 | | | $ | 751,784 | | | $ | 1,007,746 | |
Gross realized gains | | — | | | 7,223 | | | 7,223 | | | — | | | 36,548 | | | 36,548 | |
Gross realized losses | | — | | | (70 | ) | | (70 | ) | | — | | | (3,254 | ) | | (3,254 | ) |
Unsettled sales | | — | | | (2,025 | ) | | (2,025 | ) | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Proceeds | | $ | 216,521 | | | $ | 115,625 | | | $ | 332,146 | | | $ | 255,962 | | | $ | 785,078 | | | $ | 1,041,040 | |
Realized losses on sales were on securities that we did not intend to sell at the prior balance sheet date or on securities that were impaired at the prior quarter end, but decreased in value during the quarter.
Mortgage Loans on Real Estate
Our mortgage loan portfolio consists principally of commercial mortgage loans that we have originated. Our lending policies require that the loans be collateralized by the value of the related property, establish limits on the amount that can be loaned to one borrower and require diversification by geographic location and collateral type.
We establish an allowance as needed, consisting of specific reserves, for possible losses against our mortgage loan portfolio. An allowance is needed for loans in which we do not believe we will collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the respective loan agreements.
| | | | | | | |
Valuation Allowance on Mortgage Loans |
| Six months ended |
| June 30, 2010 | | June 30, 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 725 | | | $ | — | |
Allowances established | 1,295 | | | 865 | |
Balance at end of period | $ | 2,020 | | | $ | 865 | |
3. Derivative Instruments
We have entered into interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk associated with a portion of our flexible premium deferred annuity contracts. Under the interest rate swaps, we pay a fixed rate of interest and receive a floating rate of interest on a notional amount which totaled $50.0 million at June 30, 2010 and $100.0 million at December 31, 2009. These interest rate swaps effectively fix the interest crediting rate on a portion of our flexible premium deferred annuity contract liabilities, thereby hedging our exposure to increases in market interest rates. The interest rate settlements decreased derivative income $1.3 million during the first six months of 2010 and $2.4 million in the 2009 period. The change in unrealized loss on these
swaps increased derivative income $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and $1.6 million in the 2009 period.
We also have one interest rate swap that we entered into to hedge the variable component of the interest rate on a $46.0 million line of credit borrowing. The terms of this instrument provide that we pay a fixed rate of interest and receive a floating rate of interest on a notional amount of $46.0 million. We closed the line of credit agreement in the first quarter of 2009 and began recording the change in fair value of the underlying swap and interest payments in derivative income (loss). Prior to 2009, the change in fair value of the swap was included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The interest rate settlements decreased derivative income $1.0 million for the first six months of 2010 and $0.9 million in the 2009 period. The change in unrealized loss on this swap increased derivative income $1.0 million for the first six months of 2010. Derivative income (loss) for the 2009 period includes the unrealized loss on the swap at December 31, 2008 of $2.7 million which was previously included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), partially offset by the swap's increase in fair value during the period, which totaled $0.6 million.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Summary of Swaps | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Carrying and Fair Value |
Maturity Date | | Notional Amount | | Receive Rate | | Pay Rate | | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| | | | | | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1/1/2010 | | $ | 50,000 | | | 3 month LIBOR* | | 4.858 | % | | $ | — | | | $ | (18 | ) |
10/7/2010 | | 46,000 | | | 3 month LIBOR* | | 4.760 | % | | (530 | ) | | (1,521 | ) |
6/1/2011 | | 50,000 | | | 1 month LIBOR* | | 5.519 | % | | (2,283 | ) | | (3,241 | ) |
| | | | | | | | $ | (2,813 | ) | | $ | (4,780 | ) |
* London Interbank Offered Rate
When applicable, we formally document hedging relationships, our risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking these transactions. We also test for hedge ineffectiveness at inception of the hedge and at each reporting period as needed. There were no derivative instruments designated as hedges at June 30, 2010 or December 31, 2009.
We write index annuities directly and assume index annuity business under a coinsurance agreement. Index annuities guarantee the return of principal to the contract holder and credit amounts based on a percentage of the gain in a specified market index. Most of the premium received is invested in investment grade fixed income securities and a portion of the premium received from the contract holder is used to purchase derivatives consisting of one-year or two-year call options on the applicable market indices to fund the index credits due to the index annuity contract holders. On the respective anniversary dates of the index annuity contracts, the market index used to compute the index credits is reset and new call options are purchased to fund the next index credit. Although the call options are designed to be effective hedges from an economic standpoint, they do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment under GAAP. Therefore, the change in fair value of the options is recognized in earnings in the period of change. The cost of the options can be managed through the terms of the index annuities, which permit changes to participation rates, asset fees and/or caps, subject to guaranteed minimums.
We held call options relating to our direct business, net of collateral received for counterparty credit risk, with a fair value of $35.3 million at June 30, 2010 and $44.0 million at December 31, 2009. Our share of call options assumed, which is recorded as an embedded derivative in reinsurance recoverable, totaled $16.4 million at June 30, 2010 and $29.3 million at December 31, 2009. Derivative loss includes ($31.5) million for the first six months of 2010 and ($4.7) million for the 2009 period relating to call option proceeds and changes in fair value.
The reserve for index annuity contracts includes a series of embedded derivatives that represent the contract holder's right to participate in index returns over the expected lives of the applicable contracts. The reserve includes the value of the embedded forward options despite the fact that call options are not purchased for a period longer than the period of time to the next index reset date. The change in the value of this embedded derivative is reported on a separate line in the consolidated statements of operations and totaled ($32.5) million for the first six months of 2010 and $42.7 million for the 2009 period.
We have modified coinsurance agreements where interest on funds withheld is determined by reference to a pool of fixed maturity securities. These arrangements contain embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation. Embedded derivatives in these contracts are recorded at fair value at each balance sheet date and changes in the fair values of the derivatives are recorded as derivative income or loss. The fair value of the embedded derivatives pertaining to funds withheld on variable business assumed by us totaled $1.9 million at June 30, 2010 and $1.6 million at December 31, 2009. The fair value of the embedded derivatives pertaining to funds withheld on business ceded by us was less than $0.1 million at June 30, 2010 and $0.2 million at
December 31, 2009. Derivative income (loss) from our modified coinsurance contracts totaled $0.1 million for the first six months of 2010 and $0.8 million for the 2009 period.
4. Fair Values
GAAP defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is based on an exit price, which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP also establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of instrument and the characteristics specific to the instrument. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices or those for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. For some investments, little market activity may exist and management's determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate management's own assumptions of what a market participant would consider for the fair value, which involves a significant degree of judgment.
Volatile and illiquid market conditions in the early part of 2009 affected pricing for a broad range of asset classes and most fixed-income sectors. Market conditions improved substantially through year-end 2009 and into 2010. However, certain market sectors remain somewhat dislocated, increasing the difficulty in valuing certain instruments, as trading has been less frequent and/or market data less observable. As a result, certain valuations require greater estimation and judgment as well as more complex valuation methods. These values may not ultimately be realizable in a market transaction, and such values may change rapidly as market conditions change and valuation assumptions are modified.
We used the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of our financial instruments.
Fixed maturity securities: Fair values of fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices in active markets when available. We have valued these investments using the valuation methodologies described below.
Equity securities: Fair values for equity securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. For equity securities that are not actively traded, estimated fair values are based on values of comparable issues.
Mortgage loans on real estate: Fair values are estimated by discounting expected cash flows of each loan at an interest rate equal to a spread above the U.S. Treasury bond yield that corresponds to the loan's expected life. These spreads are based on overall market pricing of commercial mortgage loans at the time of valuation. The fair value of mortgage loans may also be based on the fair value of the underlying real estate collateral, which uses appraised values.
Derivative instruments: Fair values for call options are based on counterparty market prices adjusted for a credit component of the counterparty, net of collateral received. Prices are verified internally using analytical tools.
Policy loans: Fair values are estimated by discounting expected cash flows using a risk-free interest rate based on the U.S. Treasury curve.
Other long-term investments, cash and short-term investments: Amounts are reported at historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums, depreciation or accrual of discounts, as applicable, which approximates the fair values due to the nature of these assets.
Reinsurance recoverable: The fair value of our portion of the call options used to fund index credits on the index annuities assumed from a reinsurer is determined using quoted market prices, less an adjustment for credit risk. Fair values for the embedded derivatives in our modified coinsurance contracts under which we cede or assume business are based on the difference between the fair value and the cost basis of the underlying fixed maturity securities. We are not required to estimate fair value for the remainder of the reinsurance recoverable balance.
Assets held in separate accounts: Fair values are based on quoted net asset values of the underlying mutual funds.
Future policy benefits and other policyholders' funds: Fair values of our liabilities under contracts not involving significant mortality or morbidity risks (principally deferred annuities, deposit administration funds, funding agreements and supplementary contracts) are estimated using one of two methods. For contracts with known maturities (including index annuity embedded derivatives), fair value is determined using discounted cash flow valuation techniques based on current
interest rates adjusted to reflect our credit risk and an additional provision for adverse deviation. For deposit liabilities with no defined maturities, fair value is the amount payable on demand. We are not required to estimate the fair value of our liabilities under other insurance contracts.
Long-term debt: Fair values are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis based on our current incremental borrowing rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements adjusted, as needed, to reflect our credit risk.
Other liabilities: Fair values for interest rate swaps are based on counterparty market prices adjusted for a credit component of the counterparty, net of collateral paid. Prices are verified internally using analytical tools. We are not required to estimate fair values for the remainder of the other liabilities balances.
Liabilities related to separate accounts: Fair values are based on cash surrender value, the cost we would incur to extinguish the liability.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair Values and Carrying Values |
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Carrying Value | | Fair Value | | Carrying Value | | Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturities - available for sale | $ | 10,831,536 | | | $ | 10,831,536 | | | $ | 9,864,601 | | | $ | 9,864,601 | |
Equity securities - available for sale | 70,008 | | | 70,008 | | | 60,154 | | | 60,154 | |
Mortgage loans on real estate | 1,288,412 | | | 1,320,338 | | | 1,293,936 | | | 1,257,980 | |
Derivative instruments | 35,279 | | | 35,279 | | | 44,023 | | | 44,023 | |
Policy loans | 169,209 | | | 216,046 | | | 168,736 | | | 205,453 | |
Other long-term investments | 1,870 | | | 1,870 | | | 1,882 | | | 1,882 | |
Cash and short-term investments | 207,672 | | | 207,672 | | | 214,832 | | | 214,832 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | 18,271 | | | 18,271 | | | 31,080 | | | 31,080 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 658,820 | | | 658,820 | | | 702,073 | | | 702,073 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Future policy benefits | $ | 9,629,793 | | | $ | 9,253,710 | | | $ | 9,392,402 | | | $ | 8,397,026 | |
Other policyholders' funds | 680,573 | | | 643,368 | | | 670,653 | | | 645,995 | |
Long-term debt | 371,126 | | | 295,311 | | | 371,084 | | | 280,828 | |
Other liabilities | 2,813 | | | 2,813 | | | 4,780 | | | 4,780 | |
Liabilities related to separate accounts | 658,820 | | | 641,074 | | | 702,073 | | | 682,438 | |
Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories.
Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments included in Level 1 are listed equities, mutual funds, money market funds, non-interest bearing cash and U.S. Treasury securities.
Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methods. Financial instruments which are generally included in this category include fixed maturity securities (including public and private bonds), less liquid and restricted equity securities and over-the-counter derivatives that are priced by third-party pricing services or internal systems using observable inputs.
Fair values of all Level 2 fixed maturity public securities are obtained primarily from a variety of independent pricing sources, whose results we evaluate internally. We generally obtain one or two prices per security, which are compared to relevant credit information, perceived market movements and sector news. Market indices of similar rated asset class spreads are consulted for valuations and broker indications of similar securities are compared. If the issuer has had trades in similar debt outstanding but not necessarily the same rank in the capital structure, spread information is used to support fair value. If discrepancies are identified, additional quotes are obtained and the quote that best reflects a fair value exit price at the reporting date is selected. Fair value of most of our private investments are determined using matrix pricing with substantially all observable inputs, such
as industry classification, duration and rating.
Level 3 - Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instrument and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include non-binding broker and internally priced mortgage or other asset-backed securities and other publicly traded issues, private corporate securities and index annuity embedded derivatives.
Fair values of private investments in Level 3 are determined by reference to public market, private transactions or valuations for comparable companies or assets in the relevant asset class when such amounts are available. For other securities where an exit price based on relevant observable inputs is not obtained, the fair value is determined using an enhanced matrix calculation.
The matrix pricing we and pricing services perform include a discounted cash flow analysis using a spread, including the specific creditors' credit default swap spread (if available), over U.S. Treasury bond yields, adjusted for the maturity/average life differences. Spread adjustments are intended to reflect an illiquidity premium and take into account a variety of factors including but not limited to: senior unsecured versus secured status, par amount outstanding, number of holders, maturity, average life, composition of lending group and debt rating. These valuation methodologies involve a significant degree of judgment.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, a financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Valuation of our Financial Instruments Measured on a Recurring Basis by Hierarchy Levels |
| |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Corporate securities | $ | — | | | $ | 5,337,810 | | | $ | 179,888 | | | $ | 5,517,698 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 1,922,805 | | | 17,894 | | | 1,940,699 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 743,597 | | | 24,204 | | | 767,801 | |
Other asset-backed securities | — | | | 307,233 | | | 20,043 | | | 327,276 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | — | | | — | | | 3,060 | | | 3,060 | |
United States Government and agencies | 77,974 | | | 51,325 | | | 15,591 | | | 144,890 | |
State, municipal and other governments | — | | | 1,998,731 | | | 126,105 | | | 2,124,836 | |
Redeemable preferred stocks | — | | | 5,276 | | | — | | | 5,276 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | — | | | 26,798 | | | 12,354 | | | 39,152 | |
Common stocks | 2,785 | | | 28,071 | | | — | | | 30,856 | |
Derivative instruments | — | | | 35,279 | | | — | | | 35,279 | |
Other long-term investments | — | | | — | | | 1,870 | | | 1,870 | |
Cash and short-term investments | 207,672 | | | — | | | — | | | 207,672 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | — | | | 18,271 | | | — | | | 18,271 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 658,820 | | | — | | | — | | | 658,820 | |
Total assets | $ | 947,251 | | | $ | 10,475,196 | | | $ | 401,009 | | | $ | 11,823,456 | |
| | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Future policy benefits - index annuity embedded derivatives | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 495,845 | | | $ | 495,845 | |
Other liabilities | — | | | 2,813 | | | — | | | 2,813 | |
Total liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 2,813 | | | $ | 495,845 | | | $ | 498,658 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Corporate securities | $ | — | | | $ | 4,901,409 | | | $ | 188,480 | | | $ | 5,089,889 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 1,873,410 | | | — | | | 1,873,410 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 688,636 | | | 31,487 | | | 720,123 | |
Other asset-backed securities | — | | | 109,925 | | | 22,948 | | | 132,873 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | — | | | — | | | 12,892 | | | 12,892 | |
United States Government and agencies | 69,527 | | | 55,257 | | | 14,683 | | | 139,467 | |
State, municipal and other governments | — | | | 1,780,546 | | | 110,707 | | | 1,891,253 | |
Redeemable preferred stocks | — | | | 4,694 | | | — | | | 4,694 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | — | | | 31,038 | | | 7,399 | | | 38,437 | |
Common stocks | 2,685 | | | 19,032 | | | — | | | 21,717 | |
Derivative instruments | — | | | 44,023 | | | — | | | 44,023 | |
Other long-term investments | — | | | — | | | 1,882 | | | 1,882 | |
Cash and short-term investments | 214,832 | | | — | | | — | | | 214,832 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | — | | | 31,080 | | | — | | | 31,080 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 702,073 | | | — | | | — | | | 702,073 | |
Total assets | $ | 989,117 | | | $ | 9,539,050 | | | $ | 390,478 | | | $ | 10,918,645 | |
| | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Future policy benefits - index annuity embedded derivatives | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 502,067 | | | $ | 502,067 | |
Other liabilities | — | | | 4,780 | | | — | | | 4,780 | |
Total liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 4,780 | | | $ | 502,067 | | | $ | 506,847 | |
Approximately 3.6% of the total fixed maturities are included in the Level 3 group at June 30, 2010 and 3.9% at December 31, 2009. The fair value of the assets and liabilities above include the financial instruments' nonperformance risk. Nonperformance risk is the risk that the instrument will not be fulfilled and affects the value at which the instrument could be transferred in an orderly transaction. The nonperformance risk for our assets reported at fair value totaled $0.4 million at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. Our nonperformance risk decreased the fair value of our reported liabilities $97.7 million at June 30, 2010 and $108.5 million at December 31, 2009.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 3 Fixed Maturity Securities on a Recurring Basis by Valuation Source |
| |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Third-party vendors | | Priced internally | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 137,165 | | | $ | 42,723 | | | $ | 179,888 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 17,894 | | | — | | | 17,894 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 20,221 | | | 3,983 | | | 24,204 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 20,043 | | | — | | | 20,043 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 3,060 | | | — | | | 3,060 | |
United States Government and agencies | 15,591 | | | — | | | 15,591 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 126,105 | | | — | | | 126,105 | |
Total | $ | 340,079 | | | $ | 46,706 | | | $ | 386,785 | |
Percent of total | 87.9 | % | | 12.1 | % | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Third-party vendors | | Priced internally | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 151,056 | | | $ | 37,424 | | | $ | 188,480 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 26,761 | | | 4,726 | | | 31,487 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 22,948 | | | — | | | 22,948 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 12,892 | | | — | | | 12,892 | |
United States Government and agencies | 14,683 | | | — | | | 14,683 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 110,707 | | | — | | | 110,707 | |
Total | $ | 339,047 | | | $ | 42,150 | | | $ | 381,197 | |
Percent of total | 88.9 | % | | 11.1 | % | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 3 Financial Instruments Changes in Fair Value Recurring Basis - Assets | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Balance, December 31, 2009 | | Purchases (disposals), net | | Realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | Net transfers in (out) of Level 3 (1) | | Included in earnings (amort- ization) | | Balance, June 30, 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 188,480 | | | $ | (5,700 | ) | | $ | 12,972 | | | $ | (15,960 | ) | | $ | 96 | | | $ | 179,888 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 17,919 | | | (20 | ) | | — | | | (5 | ) | | 17,894 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 31,487 | | | (654 | ) | | 2,943 | | | (9,324 | ) | | (248 | ) | | 24,204 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 22,948 | | | (662 | ) | | 6,041 | | | (8,638 | ) | | 354 | | | 20,043 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 12,892 | | | (10,200 | ) | | 368 | | | — | | | — | | | 3,060 | |
United States Government and agencies | 14,683 | | | — | | | 903 | | | — | | | 5 | | | 15,591 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 110,707 | | | (284 | ) | | 15,696 | | | — | | | (14 | ) | | 126,105 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | 7,399 | | | — | | | (367 | ) | | 5,322 | | | — | | | 12,354 | |
Other long-term investments | 1,882 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (12 | ) | | 1,870 | |
Total | $ | 390,478 | | | $ | 419 | | | $ | 38,536 | | | $ | (28,600 | ) | | $ | 176 | | | $ | 401,009 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2009 |
| Balance, December 31, 2008 | | Purchases (disposals), net | | Realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | Net transfers in (out) of Level 3 (1) | | Included in earnings (amort- ization) | | Balance, June 30, 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 642,234 | | | $ | (1,594 | ) | | $ | (1,165 | ) | | $ | (465,445 | ) | | $ | 297 | | | $ | 174,327 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 70,003 | | | 12,554 | | | — | | | (70,003 | ) | | — | | | 12,554 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 24,122 | | | 312 | | | 7,013 | | | — | | | (103 | ) | | 31,344 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 17,201 | | | (555 | ) | | (2,438 | ) | | 2,231 | | | (39 | ) | | 16,400 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 7,414 | | | — | | | 951 | | | — | | | (1 | ) | | 8,364 | |
United States Government and agencies | 1,928 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | 1,928 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 140,189 | | | (120 | ) | | (9,292 | ) | | (19,999 | ) | | (9 | ) | | 110,769 | |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 4,526 | | | — | | | (363 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 4,163 | |
Other long-term investments | 1,527 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 152 | | | 1,679 | |
Total | $ | 909,144 | | | $ | 10,597 | | | $ | (5,294 | ) | | $ | (553,216 | ) | | $ | 297 | | | $ | 361,528 | |
| |
(1) | For the 2010 period, the net transfers in (out) line above includes $45.4 million of securities that were priced using a broker only quote at December 31, 2009 and transferred to a pricing service that uses observable market data in the prices at June 30, 2010 and $16.8 million that were transferred into Level 3 that did not have enough observable data to include in Level 2 at June 30, 2010. For the 2009 period, net transfers in (out) includes $559.9 million of securities that were priced using a broker only quote at December 31, 2008 but transferred to a pricing service that uses observable market data in the prices. The 2009 period also includes $6.7 million that were transferred into Level 3 but did not have enough observable data to include in Level 2 at December 31, 2009. |
The change in unrealized gains/losses on Level 3 investments was $43.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and $10.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009.
| | | | | | | |
Level 3 Financial Instruments Changes in Fair Value Recurring Basis - Future Policy Benefits |
| | | |
| Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Index Product Embedded Derivatives: | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 502,067 | | | $ | 523,515 | |
Premiums less benefits, net | (20,160 | ) | | (9,951 | ) |
Impact of unrealized gains (losses), net | 13,938 | | | (82,675 | ) |
Balance, end of period | $ | 495,845 | | | $ | 430,889 | |
| | | |
Change in unrealized gains/losses on embedded derivatives held at end of period (1) | $ | 13,938 | | | $ | (82,675 | ) |
| |
(1) | Excludes host accretion and the timing of posting index credits, which are included with the change in value of index product embedded derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and June 30, 2009, certain mortgage loans had been impaired or written down to a fair value totaling $5.5 million and $3.9 million respectively. These collateral dependent mortgage loans are a Level 3 fair value measurement, as fair value is based on the fair value of the underlying real estate collateral, which is estimated using appraised values.
5. Defined Benefit Plan
We participate with several affiliates and an unaffiliated organization in various multiemployer defined benefit plans. Our share of net periodic pension cost for the plans recorded as expense in our consolidated statements of operations for the second quarter totaled $1.5 million for 2010 and $2.7 million for 2009, and for the six-months ended June 30 totaled $3.0 million for 2010 and $4.7 million for 2009. Pension cost is lower in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to improved asset returns, the impact of certain cost savings measures implemented in 2009 and a settlement charge estimate accrued in the second quarter of 2009.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost for all Employers in the Multiemployer Plans |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Service cost | $ | 1,828 | | | $ | 1,861 | | | $ | 3,656 | | | $ | 3,721 | |
Interest cost | 3,558 | | | 3,890 | | | 7,116 | | | 7,780 | |
Expected return on assets | (3,166 | ) | | (2,997 | ) | | (6,332 | ) | | (5,994 | ) |
Amortization of prior service cost | 182 | | | 185 | | | 364 | | | 370 | |
Amortization of actuarial loss | 1,741 | | | 2,216 | | | 3,482 | | | 4,432 | |
Settlement expense | — | | | 1,400 | | | (148 | ) | | 1,496 | |
Net periodic pension cost - all employees | $ | 4,143 | | | $ | 6,555 | | | $ | 8,138 | | | $ | 11,805 | |
6. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
In the normal course of business, we may be involved in litigation where damages are alleged that are substantially in excess of contractual policy benefits or certain other agreements. In recent years, companies in the life insurance and annuity business have faced litigation, including class action lawsuits, alleging improper product design, improper sales practices and similar claims. We are currently a defendant in two purported class action lawsuits against EquiTrust Life Insurance Company (EquiTrust Life) alleging claims as described below. We believe that many of the asserted claims will be defeated by dispositive motions. We remain optimistic that class certification will also be defeated in these actions. However, courts have a great deal of discretion in deciding whether to certify a class, and it is impossible to accurately predict how the court will rule on such a motion. Other theories of potential liability may develop as these cases progress. This is especially true as plaintiffs continue to alter their theories of liability during discovery. Given these uncertainties, we are unable to make a reliable evaluation of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or an estimate of the amount or range of potential loss to the extent the matters proceed through litigation. We do not believe that these lawsuits, including those discussed below, will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, the outcome of such matters is always uncertain, and unforeseen results can occur. It is possible that such outcomes could materially affect net income in a particular quarter or annual period.
The first case is Tabares v. EquiTrust Life Insurance Company, filed in Los Angeles Superior Court on May 5, 2008. Tabares is a purported California class action on behalf of all persons who purchased certain deferred annuities from EquiTrust Life. The complaint asserts a sub-class of purchasers that were age 60 or older at the time of purchasing those annuities from EquiTrust Life. Plaintiffs seek injunctive relief on behalf of all class members, compensatory damages for breach of contract and punitive damages under a common law cause of action for fraud. Plaintiffs' motion for class certification was heard on June 22, 2010, however the court has not yet issued its ruling.
The second case is Eller v. EquiTrust Life Insurance Company, filed in United States District Court, District of Arizona, on January 12, 2009. This purported national class action includes all persons who purchased EquiTrust Life index annuities, with one sub-class for all persons age 65 and older that purchased an EquiTrust Life index annuity contract with a maturity date beyond the annuitant's actuarial life expectancy; and a 17-state sub-class under various consumer protection and unfair insurance practices statutes. This case seeks rescission and injunctive relief including restitution and disgorgement of profits on behalf of all class members, compensatory damages, unjust enrichment and punitive damages. Discovery continues through mid-December 2010 and Plaintiffs are required to file their class certification motion no later than January 12, 2011.
In 2008, the jury from a trial in Federal District Court in Utah involving an agency matter awarded Farm Bureau Life Insurance
Company (Farm Bureau Life) and Farm Bureau Property & Casualty Insurance Company (Farm Bureau Property & Casualty) actual damages totaling $3.6 million and punitive damages totaling $62.7 million. Approximately 25% of the award is allocable to Farm Bureau Life with the remaining 75% allocable to Farm Bureau Property & Casualty. In 2009, the court ruled on various post trial motions, upholding the actual damages, but reducing the punitive damages to $3.6 million. The defendants have appealed this decision and Farm Bureau Life and Farm Bureau Property & Casualty have cross-appealed. All briefs were submitted to the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals and oral arguments were held on May 4, 2010. Recoveries from third parties are required to be accounted for as gain contingencies and are not recorded in our financial statements until the lawsuit is resolved.
In 2006, we incurred a pre-tax charge of $4.9 million relating to the settlement of a lawsuit with a husband and wife who had applied for life insurance policies. The settlement ended litigation regarding the process we followed in denying insurance coverage for medical reasons. Insurance claims have been filed under our professional liability and general liability insurance policies for reimbursement of the settlement amount, but coverage has been denied, and we have made a claim against an insurance broker for breach of contractual duties. We filed a lawsuit against the insurer and the insurance broker to recover those damages. Claims against the insurer were dismissed, however we retain our cause of action against the broker for failure to provide timely notice of our claim to said insurers and believe the claim is valid. Any recoveries will be recorded in net income in the period the recovery is received.
Other
In the normal course of business, we seek to limit our exposure to loss on any single insured or event and to recover a portion of benefits paid by ceding a portion of our exposure to other insurance enterprises or reinsurers. Reinsurance contracts do not relieve us of our obligations to policyholders. To the extent that reinsuring companies are later unable to meet obligations under reinsurance agreements, our insurance subsidiaries would be liable for these obligations, and payment of these obligations could result in losses. To limit the possibility of such losses, we evaluate the financial condition of our reinsurers and monitor concentrations of credit risk. No allowance for uncollectible amounts has been established against our asset for reinsurance recoverable since none of our receivables are deemed to be uncollectible.
We self-insure our employee health and dental claims. However, claims in excess of our self-insurance levels are fully insured. We fund insurance claims through a self-insurance trust. Deposits to the trust are made at an amount equal to our best estimate of claims incurred during the period and a liability is established at each balance sheet date for unpaid claims. Adjustments, if any, resulting in changes in the estimate of claims incurred will be reflected in operations in the periods in which such adjustments are known.
7. Earnings per Share
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Computation of Earnings Per Common Share | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Numerator: | | | | | | | |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 22,323 | | | $ | 24,418 | | | $ | 40,344 | | | $ | 22,928 | |
Dividends on Series B preferred stock | (37 | ) | | (37 | ) | | (75 | ) | | (75 | ) |
Numerator for earnings per common share - income available to common stockholders | $ | 22,286 | | | $ | 24,381 | | | $ | 40,269 | | | $ | 22,853 | |
| | | | | | | |
Denominator: | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares | 30,200,276 | | | 29,860,950 | | | 30,152,536 | | | 29,855,779 | |
Deferred common stock units relating to deferred compensation plans | 186,763 | | | 146,228 | | | 180,821 | | | 126,691 | |
Denominator for earnings per common share - weighted average shares | 30,387,039 | | | 30,007,178 | | | 30,333,357 | | | 29,982,470 | |
Effect of dilutive securities - stock based compensation | 300,391 | | | 18,281 | | | 276,450 | | | 72,150 | |
Denominator for dilutive earnings per common share - adjusted weighted-average shares | 30,687,430 | | | 30,025,459 | | | 30,609,807 | | | 30,054,620 | |
| | | | | | | |
Earnings per common share | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.81 | | | $ | 1.33 | | | $ | 0.76 | |
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.81 | | | $ | 1.32 | | | $ | 0.76 | |
| | | | | | | |
Outstanding shares excluded from diluted earnings per share as certain stock options are anti-dilutive | 1,771,286 | | | 3,025,978 | | | 2,030,231 | | | 3,060,758 | |
8. Segment Information
We analyze operations by reviewing financial information regarding products that are aggregated into four product segments. The product segments are: (1) Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution ("Exclusive Annuity"), (2) Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution ("Independent Annuity"), (3) Traditional and Universal Life Insurance and (4) Variable. We also have various support operations and corporate capital that are aggregated into a Corporate and Other segment.
We analyze our segment results based on pre-tax operating income (loss). Accordingly, income taxes are not allocated to the segments. In addition, operating results are generally reported net of any transactions between the segments. Operating income (loss) for 2010 and 2009 represents net income excluding, as applicable, the impact of realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments and changes in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives.
We use operating income (loss), in addition to net income, to measure our performance since realized gains and losses on investments and the change in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives can fluctuate greatly from quarter to quarter. These fluctuations make it difficult to analyze core operating trends. In addition, for derivatives not designated as hedges, there is a mismatch between the valuation of the asset and liability when deriving net income. Specifically, call options relating to our index business are one or two-year assets while the embedded derivative in the index contracts represents the rights of the contract holder to receive index credits over the entire period the index annuities are expected to be in force. For our other embedded derivatives and interest rate swaps, the derivatives are marked to market, but the associated liabilities are not marked to market. A view of our operating performance without the impact of these mismatches enhances the analysis of our results. We use operating income for goal setting, determining company-wide short-term incentive compensation and evaluating performance on a basis comparable to that used by many in the investment community.
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Financial Information Concerning our Operating Segments | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 42,407 | | | $ | 37,520 | | | $ | 83,181 | | | $ | 74,180 | |
Traditional Annity - Independent Disrtibution | 117,161 | | | 102,167 | | | 229,424 | | | 193,300 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 87,775 | | | 89,054 | | | 171,322 | | | 175,186 | |
Variable | 17,223 | | | 16,346 | | | 34,138 | | | 32,491 | |
Corporate and Other | 4,965 | | | 5,426 | | | 9,964 | | | 11,024 | |
| 269,531 | | | 250,513 | | | 528,029 | | | 486,181 | |
Realized gains (losses) on investments (A) | (4,899 | ) | | 5,981 | | | (8,190 | ) | | (13,699 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives (A) | (66,759 | ) | | 48,005 | | | (52,567 | ) | | 55,495 | |
Consolidated revenues | $ | 197,873 | | | $ | 304,499 | | | $ | 467,272 | | | $ | 527,977 | |
| | | | | | | |
Pre-tax operating income (loss): | | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 11,818 | | | $ | 8,174 | | | $ | 23,708 | | | $ | 15,000 | |
Traditional Annity - Independent Distribution | 11,914 | | | 12,114 | | | 19,557 | | | 11,987 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 19,538 | | | 18,885 | | | 30,649 | | | 34,328 | |
Variable | (2,153 | ) | | 5,758 | | | 1,387 | | | 1,933 | |
Corporate and Other | (4,358 | ) | | (6,349 | ) | | (8,474 | ) | | (12,977 | ) |
| 36,759 | | | 38,582 | | | 66,827 | | | 50,271 | |
Income taxes on operating income | (12,308 | ) | | (12,777 | ) | | (22,078 | ) | | (16,598 | ) |
Realized gains/losses on investments (A) | (2,052 | ) | | (62 | ) | | (3,371 | ) | | (11,102 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives (A) | (76 | ) | | (1,325 | ) | | (1,034 | ) | | 357 | |
Consolidated net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 22,323 | | | $ | 24,418 | | | $ | 40,344 | | | $ | 22,928 | |
| | | | |
(A) | Amounts are net of adjustments, as applicable, to amortization of unearned revenue reserves, deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, value of insurance in force acquired and income taxes attributable to these items. |
Our investment in equity method investees, the related equity income and interest expense are attributable to the Corporate and Other segment. Expenditures for long-lived assets were not significant during the periods presented above. Goodwill at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 is allocated among the segments as follows: Exclusive Annuity ($3.9 million), Traditional and Universal Life Insurance ($6.1 million) and Corporate ($1.2 million).
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section includes a summary of FBL Financial Group, Inc.'s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and where appropriate, factors that management believes may affect future performance. Unless noted otherwise, all references to FBL Financial Group, Inc. (we or the Company) include all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including its primary life insurance subsidiaries, Farm Bureau Life Insurance Company (Farm Bureau Life) and EquiTrust Life Insurance Company (EquiTrust Life) (collectively, the Life Companies). Please read this discussion in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes. In addition, we encourage you to refer to our 2009 Form 10-K for a complete description of our significant accounting policies and estimates. Familiarity with this information is important in understanding our financial position and results of operations.
This Form 10-Q includes statements relating to anticipated financial performance, business prospects, new products, and similar matters. These statements and others, which include words such as "expect", "anticipate", "believe", "intend" and other similar expressions, constitute forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. A variety of factors could cause our actual results and experiences to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in our forward-looking statements. See Part 1A, Risk Factors, of our 2009 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information on the risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and results of our business.
Impact of Recent Business Environment
The economy and financial markets currently present separate but related challenges to conducting business in the life insurance and annuity industries. Following the end of one of the United States' deepest recessions, the economy has sustained modest growth now for four consecutive quarters. However, in comparison to prior recoveries, economic growth has been modest and employment growth weak. Improvement in the financial markets accompanied the economic recovery, but low U.S. Treasury yields and compressed credit spreads have led to low overall market yields.
U.S. Gross Domestic Product grew 2.7% in the first quarter of 2010, and economists expect it will have grown similarly during the second quarter. Industrial production, business investment and demand have been favorable. Personal income expanded through May but then retreated in June. However, employment growth remains anemic and unemployment remains high suggesting an extended period of weak incomes. Recent data indicates economic growth is likely to slow.
Our business generally benefits from moderate to strong economic expansion. Conversely, a lackluster economic recovery characterized by higher unemployment, lower family income, lower consumer spending, muted corporate earnings growth and lower business investment could adversely impact the demand for our products in the future. We also may experience a higher incidence of claims, lapses or surrenders of policies. We cannot predict whether or when such actions may occur, or what impact, if any, such actions could have on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
Financial markets, particularly the domestic fixed-income sector, have moved from low to rather high liquidity. Investors, from mutual fund holders to pension funds to insurance companies, continue to seek income-generating investments. Diminishing growth, slowing inflation and the concerns over eurozone fiscal health drew investors to U.S. Treasury securities in the second quarter and pushed yields near levels seen during the recent recession. The eurozone crisis additionally led to a rise in credit spreads, but the increase was mostly offset by the decrease in benchmark Treasury yields. Overall market yields declined as a result. The decline in market yields benefits the value of our existing investments, but it may reduce the income we earn on new investment holdings.
The broad decline in market yields during the quarter contributed to significant improvement in the carrying value of our investments, particularly within the corporate sector. However, unrealized losses remain in other asset sectors. Additionally, certain sectors remain somewhat dislocated, making it difficult to value some securities. As a result, certain valuations require greater estimation and judgment, as well as valuation methods that are more complex. These values may not ultimately be realizable in a market transaction, and such values may change rapidly as market conditions change and valuation assumptions are modified. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for details on the nature of our unrealized loss position and Note 4 for discussion of our valuation methods.
Our fixed annuity products contain features that allow contract holders to surrender a policy. To encourage persistency, we impose a surrender charge against the account balance for early termination of a contract within a specified period after its effective date. Most of the fixed annuity products sold by the EquiTrust Life independent channel offered a market value adjustment (MVA) feature based on U.S. Treasury rates. This feature provides us interest rate protection when U.S. Treasury
interest rates are greater than the rates in effect when a contract is issued and provides a benefit to contract holders when U.S. Treasury interest rates are less than the rates in effect when a contract is issued. The unprecedented low U.S. Treasury yields in early 2009 provided an environment where contract holders were able to surrender with smaller net charges, which significantly increased the level of surrender activity. Surrender activity began declining toward the end of the first quarter of 2009 and continued declining throughout the remainder of 2009 to expected levels in the fourth quarter of 2009. Surrender activity during 2010 continued at or below expected levels.
We maintain capital levels in accordance with certain statutory and rating agency requirements. Fixed annuity products generally place a strain on statutory capital when sold and add to capital in subsequent years. As a result of the significant growth of the EquiTrust Life independent distribution channel business, our need for capital has increased in recent years. In addition, our capital levels were negatively impacted during 2008 and 2009 as a result of the increased surrender activity and realized and unrealized losses on our investments. During 2008 and 2009, we took rate and other actions to reduce sales of new annuity contracts at EquiTrust Life and modified contract terms on many products and implemented a new commission structure to preserve our capital position. In addition, we took other actions to restore our capital levels during 2009, such as the sale of a block of coinsured business in the fourth quarter. In 2010, we are continuing to monitor and take actions to further strengthen our capital position. See the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section below for additional details regarding our capital position.
Results of Operations for the Periods Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Revenues | $ | 197,873 | | | $ | 304,499 | | | $ | 467,272 | | | $ | 527,977 | |
Benefits and expenses | 166,285 | | | 268,241 | | | 410,817 | | | 494,576 | |
| 31,588 | | | 36,258 | | | 56,455 | | | 33,401 | |
Income taxes | (10,511 | ) | | (11,982 | ) | | (18,466 | ) | | (10,726 | ) |
Equity income | 1,207 | | | 88 | | | 2,302 | | | 161 | |
Net income | 22,284 | | | 24,364 | | | 40,291 | | | 22,836 | |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 39 | | | 54 | | | 53 | | | 92 | |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 22,323 | | | $ | 24,418 | | | $ | 40,344 | | | $ | 22,928 | |
| | | | | | | |
Earnings per common share | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.81 | | | $ | 1.33 | | | $ | 0.76 | |
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.81 | | | $ | 1.32 | | | $ | 0.76 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other data | | | | | | | |
Direct premiums collected, net of reinsurance ceded: | | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 81,991 | | | $ | 73,401 | | | $ | 160,675 | | | $ | 169,769 | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution | 87,444 | | | 199,281 | | | 134,780 | | | 523,980 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 55,503 | | | 51,584 | | | 107,554 | | | 101,444 | |
Variable Annuity and Variable Universal Life (1) | 30,887 | | | 23,789 | | | 61,337 | | | 49,969 | |
Reinsurance assumed and other | 390 | | | 3,116 | | | 780 | | | 6,052 | |
Total | $ | 256,215 | | | $ | 351,171 | | | $ | 465,126 | | | $ | 851,214 | |
| | | | | | | |
Direct life insurance in force, end of quarter (in millions) | | | | | $ | 47,289 | | | $ | 44,652 | |
Life insurance lapse rates | | | | | 6.6 | % | | 7.0 | % |
Withdrawal rates - individual traditional annuity: | | | | | | | |
Exclusive Distribution | | | | | 4.4 | % | | 4.4 | % |
Independent Distribution | | | | | 7.0 | % | | 22.0 | % |
| | | | |
(1) | Amounts are net of portion ceded to and include amounts assumed from alliance partners. |
Premiums collected is not a measure used in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). There is no comparable GAAP financial measure. We use premiums collected to measure the productivity of our exclusive and independent agents. Direct Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution premiums collected is highly dependent upon the relationship between the current crediting rate and perceived security of our products compared to competing products. Direct premiums collected in the Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution segment decreased in 2010 as a result of the continuing impact of rate and other actions taken to preserve capital. Variable premiums collected tend to vary with volatility, performance of and confidence level in the equity markets as well as crediting and interest rates on completing products, including fixed rate annuities and bank-offered certificates of deposit.
The withdrawal rate for the Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution segment increased in 2009 primarily due to the impact of low U.S. Treasury yields on the MVA feature for our direct fixed annuity products, which provided an environment where contract holders could surrender with smaller net surrender charges. Additional details on this feature are discussed above in the "Impact of Recent Business Environment" section.
Net Income Attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc.
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. (FBL Net Income) was $22.3 million in the second quarter of 2010 and $40.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $24.4 million and $22.9 million for the 2009 periods. As discussed in detail below, the increase for the six-month period was primarily due to an increase in spreads earned, a decrease in realized losses on investments, the impact of reduced surrender activity from our EquiTrust Life independent distribution and the impact of refinements made to reserve calculations, partially offset by the impact of separate account performance on our variable business. In addition, the volume of Farm Bureau Life's business in force increased in 2010. The increase in volume of business in force is quantified by summarizing the face amount of insurance in force for traditional life products or account values of contracts in force for interest sensitive products. The face amount of life insurance in force represents the gross death benefit payable to policyholders and account value represents the value of the contract to the contract holder before application of surrender charges or reduction for any policy loans outstanding. The following discussion provides additional details on the items impacting FBL Net Income.
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Spreads Earned on our Universal Life and Individual Annuity Products | | | |
| | | |
| Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | 6.09 | % | | 6.21 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost | 3.70 | % | | 4.07 | % |
Spread | 2.39 | % | | 2.14 | % |
The weighted average yield on cash and invested assets represents the yield on cash and investments backing the universal life and individual traditional annuity products net of investment expenses. The yield also includes losses relating to our interest rate swap program for certain individual traditional annuities. With respect to our index annuities, index costs represent the expenses we incur to fund the annual index credits through the purchase of options and minimum guaranteed interest credited on the index business. The weighted average crediting rate/index cost and spread are computed excluding the impact of the amortization of deferred sales inducements. See the "Segment Information" section that follows for a discussion of our spreads.
Impact of Unlocking
We periodically revise key assumptions used in the calculation of the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, value of insurance in force acquired and unearned revenues for participating life insurance, variable and interest sensitive and index products, as applicable, through an “unlocking” process. Revisions are made based on historical results and our best estimate of future experience. The impact of unlocking is recorded in the current period as an increase or decrease to amortization of the respective balances. While the unlocking process can take place at any time, as needs dictate, the process typically takes place annually with different blocks of business unlocked each quarter. The impact of unlocking was to increase pre-tax income $1.5 million in the 2010 periods and decrease pre-tax income $1.4 million in the 2009 periods. The impact in 2010 and 2009 was primarily due to updating the amortization model for assumptions relating to withdrawal rates, mortality and the current volume of business in force.
Nonrecurring Gains from Reserve Refinements
During the second quarter of 2010, refinements were made to the calculation of reserves for certain traditional life contracts. These refinements, along with associated adjustments to deferred policy acquisition costs and taxes, resulted in an increase to 2010 net income of $3.0 million ($0.10 per basic and diluted common share).
Impact of Operating Adjustments on FBL Net Income
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Realized gains (losses) on investments | $ | (4,907 | ) | | $ | 6,121 | | | $ | (8,200 | ) | | $ | (13,549 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives | (8,157 | ) | | (3,345 | ) | | (20,021 | ) | | 12,814 | |
Change in amortization of: | | | | | | | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | 5,545 | | | (4,116 | ) | | 12,225 | | | (10,966 | ) |
Deferred sales inducements | 4,231 | | | (652 | ) | | 9,227 | | | (4,683 | ) |
Value of insurance in force acquired | 5 | | | (2 | ) | | (19 | ) | | 3 | |
Unearned revenue reserve | 8 | | | (140 | ) | | 10 | | | (150 | ) |
Income tax offset | 1,147 | | | 747 | | | 2,373 | | | 5,786 | |
Net impact of operating income adjustments | $ | (2,128 | ) | | $ | (1,387 | ) | | $ | (4,405 | ) | | $ | (10,745 | ) |
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| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Summary of adjustments noted above after offsets and income taxes: | | | | | | | |
Realized gains/losses on investments | $ | (2,052 | ) | | $ | (62 | ) | | $ | (3,371 | ) | | $ | (11,102 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives | (76 | ) | | (1,325 | ) | | (1,034 | ) | | 357 | |
Net impact of operating income adjustments | $ | (2,128 | ) | | $ | (1,387 | ) | | $ | (4,405 | ) | | $ | (10,745 | ) |
Net impact per share - basic | $ | (0.07 | ) | | $ | (0.05 | ) | | $ | (0.14 | ) | | $ | (0.36 | ) |
Net impact per share - assuming dilution | $ | (0.07 | ) | | $ | (0.05 | ) | | $ | (0.14 | ) | | $ | (0.36 | ) |
As noted in the "Segment Information" section that follows, we use both net income and operating income to measure our operating results. Operating income for the periods covered by this report equals net income, excluding the impact of realized gains and losses on investments and the change in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives. Our rationale for excluding these items from operating income is also explained in Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements.
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Changes in FBL Net Income | | | |
| Period ended |
| June 30, 2010 vs. June 30, 2009 |
| Three months | | Six months |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
| | | |
Premiums and product charges | $ | (20,719 | ) | | $ | (30,565 | ) |
Net investment income | (2,864 | ) | | (8,844 | ) |
Derivative income (loss) | (71,285 | ) | | (24,348 | ) |
Realized gains/losses on investments | (11,028 | ) | | 5,349 | |
Other income and other expenses | (235 | ) | | (1,126 | ) |
Interest sensitive and index products benefits and change in value of index product embedded derivative | 90,900 | | | 48,427 | |
Traditional life insurance policy benefits | 4,022 | | | (1,217 | ) |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | 6,540 | | | 34,565 | |
Interest expense | (1 | ) | | 813 | |
Income taxes | 1,471 | | | (7,740 | ) |
Noncontrolling interest and equity income | 1,104 | | | 2,102 | |
Total change in FBL Net Income | $ | (2,095 | ) | | $ | 17,416 | |
A detailed discussion of changes in FBL Net Income follows.
Premiums and Product Charges
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Premiums and product charges: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 30,435 | | | $ | 52,991 | | | $ | 60,438 | | | $ | 94,131 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums | 42,791 | | | 40,954 | | | 82,036 | | | 78,908 | |
Total | $ | 73,226 | | | $ | 93,945 | | | $ | 142,474 | | | $ | 173,039 | |
Premiums and product charges decreased 22.1% to $73.2 million in the second quarter of 2010 and 17.7% to $142.5 million for the six-month period primarily due to a reduction in surrender charges on annuity products. In addition, premium and product charges declined as a result of the sale of a block of coinsured business in the fourth quarter of 2009. Surrender charges totaled $6.8 million for the second quarter of 2010 and $13.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $29.8 million and $47.7 million in the respective 2009 periods. Net surrender charges decreased on certain products sold by our EquiTrust Life independent distribution as noted in the "Impact of Recent Business Environment" section above.
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Surrender Charges on EquiTrust Life Direct Fixed Annuity Contracts |
| | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Surrender charges: | | | | | | | |
Gross surrender charges | $ | 7,148 | | | $ | 64,034 | | | $ | 13,785 | | | $ | 128,642 | |
Market value adjustments | (2,137 | ) | | (36,872 | ) | | (3,896 | ) | | (86,643 | ) |
Net surrender charges | $ | 5,011 | | | $ | 27,162 | | | $ | 9,889 | | | $ | 41,999 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums increased due to an increase in the volume of business in force. The increase in the business in force is primarily attributable to sales of traditional life products by our Farm Bureau Life agency force exceeding the loss of in force amounts through deaths, lapses and surrenders and the sale of a block of coinsured business. Our average aggregate traditional life insurance in force, net of reinsurance, totaled $25,539.2 million for the six-month period in 2010 and $23,499.5 million for the six-month period in 2009. The change in life insurance in force is not proportional to the change in premium income due to a shift in the composition of our traditional life block of business from whole life policies to term policies. The premium for a term policy per $1,000 face amount is less than that for a whole life policy.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income, which excludes investment income on separate account assets relating to variable products, decreased 1.6% to $179.9 million in the second quarter of 2010 and 2.4% to $358.0 million for the six-month period. The decreases are primarily due to a decrease in average invested assets and a decrease in average yield on those assets. Average invested assets in the six-month period of 2010 decreased 1.0% to $12,261.1 million (based on securities at amortized cost) from $12,383.3 million in the 2009 period, principally due to the net cash outflows from EquiTrust Life, partially offset by net cash inflows from Farm Bureau Life during the eighteen-month period ended June 30, 2010. EquiTrust Life had net cash outflows in 2009 due to the reduction in sales to preserve capital, increased surrender activity from the independent distribution channel and assets transferred in connection with the sale of a block of coinsured business. The annualized yield earned on average invested assets decreased to 6.02% in the six months ended June 30, 2010 from 6.12% in the respective 2009 period.
Fee income from bond calls, tender offers and mortgage loan prepayments totaled $1.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $1.8 million in the respective 2009 period. Net investment income also includes less than ($0.1) million in the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $1.2 million in the 2009 respective period representing the change of net discount accretion on mortgage and asset-backed securities resulting from changing prepayment speed assumptions at the end of each respective period. See the "Financial Condition - Investments" section that follows for a description of how changes in prepayment speeds impact net investment income.
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Derivative Income (Loss) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Derivative income (loss): | | | | | | | |
Components of derivative income (loss) from call options: | | | | | | | |
Gains received at expiration | $ | 33,289 | | | $ | 260 | | | $ | 64,593 | | | $ | 487 | |
Change in the difference between fair value and remaining option cost at beginning and end of period | (66,568 | ) | | 46,384 | | | (52,835 | ) | | 55,188 | |
Cost of money for call options | (21,273 | ) | | (29,583 | ) | | (43,291 | ) | | (60,325 | ) |
| (54,552 | ) | | 17,061 | | | (31,533 | ) | | (4,650 | ) |
Other | 267 | | | (61 | ) | | (416 | ) | | (2,951 | ) |
Total | $ | (54,285 | ) | | $ | 17,000 | | | $ | (31,949 | ) | | $ | (7,601 | ) |
Gains received at expiration increased in 2010 as a result of increases in the S&P 500 Index® (upon which the majority of our options are based). These gains are used to fund index credits on index annuities, which also increased in 2010, as discussed below under "Interest Sensitive and Index Product Benefits." The change in the difference between fair value and remaining option cost at beginning and end of period decreased derivative income in 2010 primarily due to the timing of index credits and the decline in the S&P 500 Index late in the second quarter of 2010 compared to the strike price of the outstanding options.
The cost of money for call options decreased primarily due to a decrease in the volume of business in force, a decrease in the cost of hedging programs on our direct and assumed business and a decrease in the overhedged position on our direct business. The average aggregate account value of index annuities in force, which has decreased due to increased surrender activity from the independent distribution channel and run-off of assumed business, totaled $4,087.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $4,554.3 million for the 2009 period.
Other derivative income (loss) is comprised of income or loss from interest rate swaps and the embedded derivatives included in our modified coinsurance contracts. Derivative income (loss) will fluctuate based on market conditions. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for additional details on our derivatives.
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Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Realized gains (losses) on investments: | | | | | | | |
Realized gains on sales | $ | 2,187 | | | $ | 36,634 | | | $ | 7,260 | | | $ | 38,733 | |
Realized losses on sales | — | | | (3,106 | ) | | (344 | ) | | (3,254 | ) |
Total other-then-temporary impairment charges | (31,356 | ) | | (48,724 | ) | | (58,510 | ) | | (79,851 | ) |
Net realized investment losses | (29,169 | ) | | (15,196 | ) | | (51,594 | ) | | (44,372 | ) |
Non-credit losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 24,262 | | | 21,317 | | | 43,394 | | | 30,823 | |
Total reported in statements of opertations | $ | (4,907 | ) | | $ | 6,121 | | | $ | (8,200 | ) | | $ | (13,549 | ) |
The level of realized gains (losses) is subject to fluctuation from period to period depending on the prevailing interest rate and economic environment and the timing of the sale of investments. See "Financial Condition - Investments" for details regarding our unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.
We monitor the financial condition and operations of the issuers of securities rated below investment grade and of the issuers of certain investment grade securities on which we have concerns regarding credit quality. If we determine that an unrealized loss is other than temporary, the security is written down to its fair value and a portion of the write-down attributable to non-credit factors is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). See additional details regarding the non-credit portion of the write-downs and our methodology for evaluating investments for other-than-temporary impairment in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.
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Investment Impairments Recognized in FBL Net Income Individually Exceeding $0.5 Million |
| |
General Description | | Impairment Loss | | Circumstance |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | | |
Six months ended June 30, 2010 |
| | | | |
Other asset-backed securities | | $ | 5,438 | | | Projected losses indicate a shortfall could occur in the near future and the underlying insurance that was expected to absorb losses was deemed to be less valuable during the period. |
Corporate bond | | 1,767 | | | Projected decline in future cashflows based on announcement by the issuer that they would be deferring certain coupon payments. |
Corporate bond | | 1,410 | | | Projected decline in future cashflows based on announcement by the issuer that they would be deferring certain coupon payments. |
Commercial mortgage loan | | 1,295 | | | The borrower defaulted on mortgage payments during the quarter and given a decline in collaterial value it is uncertain whether the loan will be be fully collected. |
Other asset-backed security | | 1,110 | | | The monoline insurer discontinued supporting this issue ending insurance payments that were absorbing losses on the security. |
Collateralized bond obligation | | 663 | | | Defaults of the underlying collateral supporting this issue increased and the present value of future cash flows decreased. |
Other asset-backed security | | 591 | | | Rating declines occurred, defaults of the underlying collateral supporting this issue increased and the present value of future cash flows decreased. |
Other asset-backed security | | 517 | | | Stress tests performed during the quarter indicated a shortfall in future cash flow could occur. |
Other asset-backed security | | 511 | | | Stress tests performed during the quarter indicated a shortfall in future cash flow could occur. |
| | | | | | |
Six months ended June 30, 2009 |
| | | | |
Collateralized debt obligation | | $ | 11,509 | | | Defaults of the underlying collateral supporting this issue increased resulting in possible future losses. |
Major paper manufacturing company | | 6,630 | | | Issuer filed for bankruptcy after unsuccessful attempts to obtain financial assistance. This reduced estimates on potential recovery. |
Real estate investment trust | | 6,299 | | | Issuer filed for bankruptcy after unsuccessful attempts to obtain financial assistance. This reduced estimates on potential recovery. |
Major printing & publishing company | | 5,671 | | | Debt restructuring and declines in ratings and revenues, which could result in a future covenant violation, reduced estimates on potential recovery. |
Apparel and other textile company | | 4,000 | | | The probability of future losses increased due to declining economic conditions and increased concerns about the company's ability to continue as a going concern. |
Commercial finance company | | 3,996 | | | Rating declines occurred due to the impact of declining economic conditions on earnings, liquidity and the company's ability to continue as a going concern. |
Other asset-backed securities | | 3,786 | | | Defaults in underlying collateral supporting these issues increased. |
Collateralized bond obligation | | 2,133 | | | Rating declines occurred and defaults of the underlying collateral supporting this issue increased. |
Collateralized bond obligation | | 1,353 | | | Rating declines occurred and defaults of the underlying collateral supporting this issue increased. |
Other asset-backed securities | | 1,338 | | | Rating declines occurred on the monoline insurer supporting these issues. Financial recoveries are fully dependent on the insurer. |
Reinsurance carrier | | 586 | | | Rating declines occurred and near term solvency became a concern. |
Negative trends in the industries listed above were considered in our analysis, which is done on an issue-by-issue basis. No
additional write-downs were deemed necessary for other material investments in those industries.
Other Income and Other Expenses
Other income and other expenses include revenues and expenses, respectively, relating primarily to our non-insurance operations. Our non-insurance operations include management, advisory, marketing and distribution services and leasing activities. Fluctuations in these financial statement line items are generally attributable to fluctuations in the level of these services provided during the periods.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Sensitive and Index Product Benefits and Change in Value of Index Product Embedded Derivatives |
| | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Interest sensitive and index product benefits: | | | | | | | |
Interest credited | $ | 76,185 | | | $ | 81,555 | | | $ | 151,742 | | | $ | 160,715 | |
Index credits | 35,899 | | | 1,867 | | | 68,465 | | | 3,212 | |
Amortization of deferred sales inducements | 4,396 | | | 15,234 | | | 8,734 | | | 34,570 | |
Interest sensitive death benefits | 11,974 | | | 10,746 | | | 21,697 | | | 25,341 | |
| 128,454 | | | 109,402 | | | 250,638 | | | 223,838 | |
Change in value of index product embedded derivatives | (58,602 | ) | | 51,350 | | | (32,546 | ) | | 42,681 | |
Total | $ | 69,852 | | | $ | 160,752 | | | $ | 218,092 | | | $ | 266,519 | |
Interest sensitive and index product benefits and change in value of index product embedded derivatives decreased 56.5% to $69.9 million in the second quarter of 2010 and 18.2% to $218.1 million for the six-month period. The decreases were primarily due to the impact of the change in value of index product embedded derivatives, lower amortization of deferred sales inducements and a reduction in the weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost. This was partially offset by an increase in index credits which is driven by market appreciation of the indices backing the index annuities. Interest sensitive and index product benefits tend to fluctuate from period to period primarily as a result of changes in mortality experience and the impact of changes in the equity markets on index credits, amortization of deferred sales inducements and the value of the embedded derivatives in our index annuities.
The weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost for universal life and individual traditional annuity products, excluding the impact of the amortization of deferred sales inducements, was 3.70% for the six-month period in 2010 period and 4.07% for the 2009 period. See the "Segment Information" section that follows for additional details on our spreads.
As discussed above under "Derivative Income (Loss)," the change in the amount of index credits is impacted by the volume of index annuities in force and the amount of appreciation/depreciation in the underlying market indices on which our options are based. The change in the value of the embedded derivatives is impacted by the change in expected index credits on the next policy anniversary dates, which is related to the change in the fair value of the options acquired to fund these index credits. The value of the embedded derivatives is also impacted by the timing of the posting of index credits and changes in reserve discount rates and assumptions used in estimating future call option costs.
The decrease in amortization of deferred sales inducements is primarily due to the impact of operating adjustments, as described above in the "Impact of Operating Adjustments on FBL Net Income." In addition, amortization of deferred sales inducements for the EquiTrust Life independent distribution channel decreased $6.1 million for the quarter and $12.1 million for the six-month period, primarily due to the impact of decreased surrender activity.
Traditional Life Insurance Policy Benefits
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Traditional life insurance policy benefits: | | | | | | | |
Traditional life insurance benefits | $ | 22,186 | | | $ | 24,453 | | | $ | 49,754 | | | $ | 46,557 | |
Increase in traditional life future policy benefits | 9,025 | | | 10,110 | | | 18,766 | | | 19,828 | |
Distributions to participating policyholders | 4,387 | | | 5,057 | | | 9,060 | | | 9,978 | |
Total | $ | 35,598 | | | $ | 39,620 | | | $ | 77,580 | | | $ | 76,363 | |
Traditional life insurance policy benefits decreased 10.2% to $35.6 million in the second quarter of 2010 and increased 1.6% to $77.6 million for the six-month period. These changes were largely due to refinements to reserve estimates, partially offset by the impact of an increase in traditional life premiums on reserves. In addition, death benefits contributed to the decrease in the second quarter and increase for the six-month period. Death benefits totaled $12.5 million for the second quarter and $30.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $14.0 million for the second quarter and $26.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009. The decrease in traditional life insurance benefits is partially offset by an increase in interest sensitive death benefits noted above. Overall, mortality experience was comparable quarter to quarter. Traditional life insurance benefits can fluctuate from period to period primarily as a result of changes in mortality experience.
As discussed in "Results of Operations" above, during the second quarter of 2010, we refined the calculation of traditional life reserve estimates resulting in a $5.7 million decrease to traditional life future policy benefits. The change in traditional life future policy benefits may not be proportional to the change in traditional premiums and benefits as reserves on term policies are generally less than reserves on whole life policies.
Underwriting, Acquisition and Insurance Expenses
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses: | | | | | | | |
Commission expense, net of deferrals | $ | 3,283 | | | $ | 3,620 | | | $ | 7,050 | | | $ | 7,193 | |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | 27,173 | | | 33,813 | | | 47,949 | | | 81,253 | |
Amortization of value of insurance in force acquired | 588 | | | 652 | | | 1,164 | | | 1,393 | |
Other underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses, net of deferrals | 18,619 | | | 18,118 | | | 37,438 | | | 38,327 | |
Total | $ | 49,663 | | | $ | 56,203 | | | $ | 93,601 | | | $ | 128,166 | |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses decreased 11.6% to $49.7 million in the second quarter of 2010 and 27.0% to $93.6 million for the six-month period. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs decreased primarily due to the net impact of operating adjustments as detailed under "Impact of Operating Adjustments on FBL Net Income" and the impact of surrender activity from the EquiTrust Life independent distribution channel, partially offset by the impact of separate account performance on our variable business. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs on our EquiTrust Life distribution channel, excluding the impact of operating adjustments, totaled $10.1 million in the second quarter of 2010 and $22.1 million for the six-month period, compared to $18.8 million in the second quarter of 2009 and $39.4 million for the six-month period. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition in our variable lines increased $10.1 million for the quarter and $7.0 million for the six-month period primarily due to the impact of separate account performance.
Other underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses increased 2.8% in the second quarter of 2010 to $18.6 million. For the six-month period, this increase was offset by $1.6 million of one-time charges incurred in 2009 with the implementation of cost saving initiatives announced in the first quarter.
Interest Expense
Interest expense totaled $6.1 million in the second quarters of 2010 and 2009. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, interest expense decreased 6.2% to $12.2 million, primarily due to a decrease in our average debt outstanding. The average debt outstanding decreased to $371.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 from $390.9 million for the 2009 period due to the pay-off of our $60.0 million revolving line of credit borrowings in February 2009.
Income Taxes
Income taxes totaled $10.5 million in the second quarter of 2010 and $18.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $12.0 million in the second quarter of 2009 and $10.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009. The effective tax rate was 33.3% for the second quarter of 2010 and 33.0% for the 2009 period. The effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the impact of tax-exempt interest and tax-exempt dividend income.
Equity Income, Net of Related Income Taxes
Equity income, net of related income taxes, totaled $1.2 million for the second quarter of 2010 and $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, compared to $0.1 million for second quarter of 2009 and $0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009. Equity income includes our proportionate share of gains and losses attributable to our ownership interest in partnerships, joint ventures and certain companies where we exhibit some control but have a minority ownership interest. Equity income increased during 2010 due to the investment in a limited partnership acquired late in the fourth quarter of 2009. Given the timing of availability of financial information from our equity investees, we will consistently use information that is as much as three months in arrears for certain of these entities. Several of these entities are investment companies whose operating results are derived primarily from unrealized and realized gains and losses generated by their investment portfolios. As is normal with these types of entities, the level of these gains and losses is subject to fluctuation from period to period depending on the prevailing economic environment, changes in prices of fixed maturity and equity securities held by the investment partnerships, timing and success of initial public offerings and other exit strategies, and the timing of the sale of investments held by the partnerships and joint ventures.
Segment Information
We analyze operations by reviewing financial information regarding products that are aggregated into four product segments. The product segments are: (1) Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution ("Exclusive Annuity"), (2) Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution ("Independent Annuity"), (3) Traditional and Universal Life Insurance and (4) Variable. We also have various support operations and corporate capital that are aggregated into a Corporate and Other segment.
We analyze our segment results based on pre-tax operating income (loss). Accordingly, income taxes are not allocated to the segments. In addition, operating results are generally reported net of any transactions between the segments. Operating income (loss) for the periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 represents net income excluding the impact of realized gains and losses on investments and changes in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives.
The impact of realized gains and losses on investments and unrealized gains and losses on derivatives also includes adjustments for taxes and that portion of amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, unearned revenue reserve and value of insurance in force acquired attributable to such gains or losses. Our rationale for using operating income (loss), in addition to net income, to measure our performance is summarized in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Reconciliation of Net Income to Pre-tax Operating Income | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 22,323 | | | $ | 24,418 | | | $ | 40,344 | | | $ | 22,928 | |
Net impact of operating income adjustments (1) | 2,128 | | | 1,387 | | | 4,405 | | | 10,745 | |
Income taxes on operating income | 12,308 | | | 12,777 | | | 22,078 | | | 16,598 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 36,759 | | | $ | 38,582 | | | $ | 66,827 | | | $ | 50,271 | |
| | | | | | | |
Pre-tax operating income (loss) by segment: | | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 11,818 | | | $ | 8,174 | | | $ | 23,708 | | | $ | 15,000 | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution | 11,914 | | | 12,114 | | | 19,557 | | | 11,987 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 19,538 | | | 18,885 | | | 30,649 | | | 34,328 | |
Variable | (2,153 | ) | | 5,758 | | | 1,387 | | | 1,933 | |
Corporate and Other | (4,358 | ) | | (6,349 | ) | | (8,474 | ) | | (12,977 | ) |
| $ | 36,759 | | | $ | 38,582 | | | $ | 66,827 | | | $ | 50,271 | |
| | | | |
(1) | See "Net Income Attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc." above for additional details on our operating income adjustments. |
A discussion of our operating results, by segment, follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution Segment | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges and other | $ | 157 | | | $ | 246 | | | $ | 282 | | | $ | 494 | |
Net investment income | 42,808 | | | 38,543 | | | 83,959 | | | 76,212 | |
Derivative loss | (558 | ) | | (1,269 | ) | | (1,060 | ) | | (2,526 | ) |
| 42,407 | | | 37,520 | | | 83,181 | | | 74,180 | |
Benefits and expenses | 30,589 | | | 29,346 | | | 59,473 | | | 59,180 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 11,818 | | | $ | 8,174 | | | $ | 23,708 | | | $ | 15,000 | |
| | | | | | | |
Other data | | | | | | | |
Annuity premiums collected, direct | $ | 81,991 | | | $ | 73,401 | | | $ | 160,675 | | | $ | 169,769 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | | | | | 2,851,405 | | | 2,453,291 | |
| | | | | | | |
Individual deferred annuity spread: | | | | | | | |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | | | | | 6.25 | % | | 6.06 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate/index costs | | | | | 3.68 | % | | 3.99 | % |
Spread | | | | | 2.57 | % | | 2.07 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Individual traditional annuity withdrawal rate | | | | | 4.4 | % | | 4.4 | % |
Pre-tax operating income for the Exclusive Annuity segment increased 44.6% in the second quarter of 2010 to $11.8 million and 58.1% in the six months ended June 30, 2010 to $23.7 million primarily due to increases in spreads earned and the volume of business in force. The average aggregate account value for annuity contracts in force in the Exclusive Annuity segment totaled $1,901.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and $1,695.8 million for the 2009 period.
The increases in benefits and expenses in 2010 from the volume of business in force were partially offset by the impact of
changes in earned rates and expected profits on the underlying business which reduced amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs $0.5 million for the first quarter and $2.0 million for the six-month period.
Premiums collected increased 11.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2010, but decreased 5.4% for the six-month period. The amount of traditional annuity premiums collected is highly dependent upon the relationship between the current crediting rate and perceived security of our products compared to competing products. Fixed income markets experienced a strong recovery in 2009 while equity markets were more volatile in the first half of 2009 and again in the second quarter of 2010.
The increase in the weighted average yield on cash and invested assets is primarily attributable to an increase in yields earned on new investments and a decrease in the cost of our interest rate swap program which totaled ($1.3) million for the six-months ended June 30, 2010 compared to ($2.4) million for the 2009 period. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for additional details on our interest rate swaps. The weighted average interest crediting rate decreased due to decreases in the interest crediting rates on a significant portion of our annuity portfolio the second half of 2009 and in 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution Segment | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 6,326 | | | $ | 28,965 | | | $ | 12,593 | | | $ | 45,857 | |
Net investment income | 97,284 | | | 102,447 | | | 194,115 | | | 207,152 | |
Derivative income (loss) | 13,551 | | | (29,245 | ) | | 22,716 | | | (59,709 | ) |
| 117,161 | | | 102,167 | | | 229,424 | | | 193,300 | |
Benefits and expenses | 105,247 | | | 90,053 | | | 209,867 | | | 181,313 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 11,914 | | | $ | 12,114 | | | $ | 19,557 | | | $ | 11,987 | |
| | | | | | | |
Other data | | | | | | | |
Annuity premiums collected, independent channel | | | | | | | |
Fixed rate annuities | $ | 24,033 | | | $ | 99,782 | | | $ | 42,681 | | | $ | 313,114 | |
Index annuities | 63,411 | | | 99,499 | | | 92,099 | | | 210,866 | |
Annuity premiums collected, assumed | 361 | | | 513 | | | 681 | | | 871 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | | | | | 7,192,086 | | | 7,517,080 | |
| | | | | | | |
Individual deferred annuity spread: | | | | | | | |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | | | | | 5.98 | % | | 6.20 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost | | | | | 3.65 | % | | 4.06 | % |
Spread | | | | | 2.33 | % | | 2.14 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Individual traditional annuity withdrawal rate | | | | | 7.0 | % | | 22.0 | % |
Pre-tax operating income for the Independent Annuity segment decreased 1.7% in the second quarter of 2010 to $11.9 million and increased 63.2% in the six months ended June 30, 2010 to $19.6 million. These changes are primarily due to an increase in spreads earned, the impact of unlocking and the impact of surrender activity from the EquiTrust Life independent distribution channel.
The average aggregate account value for annuity contracts in force in the Independent Annuity segment totaled $7,022.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and $7,499.5 million for the 2009 period due to increased surrender activity from the EquiTrust Life independent distribution channel in 2009 and a reduction in coinsured business. The decreases in interest sensitive and index product charges are due to a reduction in surrender charges, which are reported net of MVAs. See the "Impact of Recent Business Environment" and "Premium and Product Charges" sections above for discussion on the impact of MVAs on our direct fixed annuity products in 2009. The changes in derivative income (loss) are primarily due to increased proceeds from call option settlements and lower cost of money for call options as discussed under "Derivative Income (Loss)" above.
Benefits and expenses for the 2010 periods increased primarily due to market appreciation of the indices backing the index annuities causing index credits to increase $33.9 million in the second quarter of 2010 and $64.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. These increases were partially offset by decreases in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred sales inducements of $14.7 million in the second quarter of 2010 and $29.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to the decreased surrender activity. In addition, the impact of unlocking decreased amortization $1.4 million in the second quarter of 2010 compared to an increase of $2.7 million in the 2009 period.
Premiums collected from the independent channel decreased in 2010 as a result of crediting rate and other actions taken to preserve capital. The reduction in crediting rates, combined with improved results from hedging activities, resulted in a decrease to our weighted average crediting rate/index cost and increase in spread. The weighted average yield decreased primarily due to investment repositioning actions to increase the amount of liquidity in the portfolio, which included assets earning lower yields.
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Traditional and Universal Life Insurance Segment | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive product charges | $ | 11,420 | | | $ | 12,484 | | | $ | 22,833 | | | $ | 24,610 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums and other income | 43,001 | | | 40,941 | | | 82,272 | | | 78,956 | |
Net investment income | 33,354 | | | 35,629 | | | 66,217 | | | 71,620 | |
| 87,775 | | | 89,054 | | | 171,322 | | | 175,186 | |
Benefits and expenses | 68,237 | | | 70,169 | | | 140,673 | | | 140,858 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 19,538 | | | $ | 18,885 | | | $ | 30,649 | | | $ | 34,328 | |
| | | | | | | |
Other data | | | | | | | |
Life premiums collected, net of reinsurance | $ | 55,503 | | | $ | 54,149 | | | $ | 107,554 | | | $ | 106,516 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | | | | | 2,086,011 | | | 2,248,568 | |
Direct life insurance in force, end of period (in millions) | | | | | 40,108 | | | 37,137 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive life insurance spread: | | | | | | | |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | | | | | 6.66 | % | | 6.70 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate | | | | | 4.27 | % | | 4.37 | % |
Spread | | | | | 2.39 | % | | 2.33 | % |
Pre-tax operating income for the Traditional and Universal Life Insurance segment increased 3.5% in the second quarter of 2010 to $19.5 million and decreased 10.7% to $30.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase in the second quarter is attributable to refinements made to certain reserve estimates, partially offset by an increase in expenses allocated from the variable segment and the impact of the sale of a block of coinsured business during the fourth quarter of 2009. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2010 is primarily due to an increase in mortality experience on our direct business, which more than offset the net impact of the items noted for the second quarter.
The impact of refining estimates on certain life insurance reserves decreased benefits and expenses $4.6 million in the second quarter of 2010. The coinsurance business we previously assumed contributed approximately $2.7 million in pre-tax income the second quarter of 2009 and $4.3 million for the six-month period. Death benefits incurred on our direct business, after the impact of reserves released, increased $0.5 million for the second quarter of 2010 compared to 2009 and $3.7 million for the six month period. Benefits can fluctuate from period to period primarily as a result of changes in mortality experience.
Policy liabilities and accruals decreased primarily due to the sale of a block of coinsured business including traditional and universal life products that contributed $4.3 million in pre-tax operating income in the first six months of 2009. Excluding the impact of reinsurance, our direct traditional and universal life insurance in force increased 8.0% to $40,108.3 million.
The increase in spreads is primarily due to decreases in the weighted average interest crediting rate due to rate changes on our universal life products in 2009 and 2010. The decrease in the weighted average yield on cash and invested assets is primarily
due to a reduction in investment income from changes in the net discount accretion on mortgage and asset-backed securities.
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Variable Segment | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income (loss) | | | | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitive product charges | $ | 12,530 | | | $ | 11,472 | | | $ | 24,726 | | | $ | 23,400 | |
Net investment income | 4,100 | | | 4,085 | | | 8,126 | | | 7,976 | |
Other income | 593 | | | 789 | | | 1,286 | | | 1,115 | |
| 17,223 | | | 16,346 | | | 34,138 | | | 32,491 | |
Benefits and expenses | 19,376 | | | 10,588 | | | 32,751 | | | 30,558 | |
Pre-tax operating income (loss) | $ | (2,153 | ) | | $ | 5,758 | | | $ | 1,387 | | | $ | 1,933 | |
| | | | | | | |
Other data | | | | | | | |
Variable premiums collected, net of reinsurance | $ | 30,887 | | | $ | 23,789 | | | $ | 61,337 | | | $ | 49,969 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | | | | | 273,856 | | | 260,140 | |
Separate account assets, end of period | | | | | 658,820 | | | 595,047 | |
Direct life insurance in force, end of period (in millions) | | | | | 7,181 | | | 7,515 | |
Pre-tax operating income (loss) for the Variable segment decreased 137.4% to ($2.2) million in the second quarter of 2010 and decreased 28.2% to $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The decreases are primarily due to the impact of separate account performance on the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, partially offset by a reduction in expenses allocated to the segment.
Benefits and expenses increased 83.0% to $19.4 million in the second quarter of 2010. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs increased $10.1 million primarily due to the impact of separate account performance, partially offset by a $2.1 million decrease in other underwriting expenses due to the impact of cost saving initiatives in 2009 and changes in expense allocations between segments. For the six month period, the impact of separate account performance increased amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs $7.0 million, partially offset by a $3.4 million decrease in other underwriting expenses and a $1.8 million decrease in death benefits due to improved mortality experience.
Variable premiums tend to vary with the volatility, performance of and confidence level in the equity markets as well as crediting and interest rates on competing products, including fixed rate annuities and bank-offered certificates of deposit. During the second quarter of 2010, we discontinued underwriting new sales of variable products and are currently in the process of terminating new sales with our variable alliance partners. We continued to receive premiums from sales that occurred prior to this change during the second quarter. During the second quarter of 2010, we began selling through our Farm Bureau Life distribution channel, variable products underwritten by a large well-known insurance company with variable product expertise. We earn fees from the sale of brokered products, a portion of which will be passed on to the agents as commissions for the underlying sales. The decision to discontinue underwriting variable products was made because we lack the scale necessary to generate acceptable returns and be competitive in this product line over time. The existing in force business remains on our books and we will continue to administer this business.
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Corporate and Other Segment | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating loss | | | | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | $ | 2,362 | | | $ | 2,068 | | | $ | 5,580 | | | $ | 3,881 | |
Derivative loss | (519 | ) | | (491 | ) | | (1,038 | ) | | (861 | ) |
Other income | 3,122 | | | 3,849 | | | 5,422 | | | 8,004 | |
| 4,965 | | | 5,426 | | | 9,964 | | | 11,024 | |
Interest expense | 6,117 | | | 6,116 | | | 12,235 | | | 13,048 | |
Benefits and other expenses | 5,102 | | | 5,849 | | | 9,797 | | | 11,292 | |
| (6,254 | ) | | (6,539 | ) | | (12,068 | ) | | (13,316 | ) |
Noncontrolling interest | 39 | | | 54 | | | 53 | | | 92 | |
Equity income, before tax | 1,857 | | | 136 | | | 3,541 | | | 247 | |
Pre-tax operating loss | $ | (4,358 | ) | | $ | (6,349 | ) | | $ | (8,474 | ) | | $ | (12,977 | ) |
Pre-tax operating loss decreased 31.4% to $4.4 million in the second quarter of 2010 and 34.7% to $8.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. These changes are primarily due to an increase in equity income and net investment income, partially offset in the sixth-month period by the impact of a reduction in leasing activities.
The changes in equity income are discussed in the "Equity Income" section above. Net investment income increased primarily due to the impact of being more fully invested during the 2010 periods. Interest expense decreased in the six months ended June 30, 2010 due to a decrease in our average debt outstanding in the first quarter of 2009 as discussed in the "Interest Expense" section above.
Financial Condition
Investments
Our total investment portfolio increased 8.1% to $12,595.1 million at June 30, 2010 compared to $11,653.0 million at December 31, 2009. This increase is primarily the result of a $613.6 million increase in the fair market value of fixed maturity securities during 2010 to a net unrealized gain of $139.5 million at June 30, 2010. This increase is principally due to the decline in market yields since the beginning of the year. Credit spreads tightened in the first quarter of the year but then generally widened during the second quarter in response to the eurozone financial crisis. The crisis, at the same time, drew investors to U.S. Treasury securities. The demand for U.S. Treasuries pushed benchmark yields down and, in general, offset the rise in credit spreads. Moderately wide credit spreads in certain sectors continue to impact our investment portfolio. Additional details regarding securities in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2010 are included in the discussion that follows and in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Details regarding investment impairments are discussed above in the "Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments" section under "Results of Operations."
We manage our investment portfolio with a strategy designed to achieve superior risk-adjusted returns consistent with the investment philosophy of maintaining a largely investment grade portfolio and providing adequate liquidity for obligations to policyholders and other requirements.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment Portfolio Summary | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Carrying Value | | Percent | | Carrying Value | | Percent |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Fixed maturities - available for sale: | | | | | | | |
Public | $ | 8,757,751 | | | 69.6 | % | | $ | 8,103,381 | | | 69.6 | % |
144A private placement | 1,552,927 | | | 12.3 | | | 1,291,840 | | | 11.1 | |
Private placement | 520,858 | | | 4.1 | | | 469,380 | | | 4.0 | |
Total fixed maturities - available for sale | 10,831,536 | | | 86.0 | | | 9,864,601 | | | 84.7 | |
Equity securities | 70,008 | | | 0.6 | | | 60,154 | | | 0.5 | |
Mortgage loans on real estate | 1,288,412 | | | 10.2 | | | 1,293,936 | | | 11.1 | |
Derivative instruments | 35,279 | | | 0.3 | | | 44,023 | | | 0.4 | |
Real estate | 14,682 | | | 0.1 | | | 16,563 | | | 0.1 | |
Policy loans | 169,209 | | | 1.3 | | | 168,736 | | | 1.5 | |
Other long-term investments | 1,870 | | | — | | | 1,882 | | | — | |
Short-term investments | 184,141 | | | 1.5 | | | 203,142 | | | 1.7 | |
Total investments | $ | 12,595,137 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 11,653,037 | | | 100.0 | % |
As of June 30, 2010, 94.8% (based on carrying value) of the available-for-sale fixed maturity securities were investment grade debt securities, defined as being in the highest two National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) designations. Non-investment grade debt securities generally provide higher yields and involve greater risks than investment grade debt securities because their issuers typically are more highly leveraged and more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions than investment grade issuers. In addition, the trading market for these securities is usually more limited than for investment grade debt securities. We regularly review the percentage of our portfolio that is invested in non-investment grade debt securities (NAIC designations 3 through 6). As of June 30, 2010, the investment in non-investment grade debt was 5.2% of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. At that time, no single non-investment grade holding exceeded 0.2% of total investments.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit Quality by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating |
| | | | | | |
| | | | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating (1) | | Carrying Value | | Percent | | Carrying Value | | Percent |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 6,702,690 | | | 61.9 | % | | $ | 5,915,387 | | | 60.0 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 3,567,319 | | | 32.9 | | | 3,397,424 | | | 34.4 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 10,270,009 | | | 94.8 | | | 9,312,811 | | | 94.4 | |
3 | | BB | | 414,081 | | | 3.8 | | | 402,047 | | | 4.1 | |
4 | | B | | 90,449 | | | 0.8 | | | 86,311 | | | 0.9 | |
5 | | CCC | | 35,791 | | | 0.4 | | | 30,451 | | | 0.3 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 21,206 | | | 0.2 | | | 32,981 | | | 0.3 | |
| | Total below investment grade | | 561,527 | | | 5.2 | | | 551,790 | | | 5.6 | |
| | Total fixed maturities - available for sale | | $ | 10,831,536 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 9,864,601 | | | 100.0 | % |
| |
(1) | Equivalent ratings are generally based on those provided by nationally recognized rating agencies with some exceptions for certain residential mortgage and asset-backed securities where they are based on the expected loss of the security rather than the probability of default. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross Unrealized Gains and Gross Unrealized Losses by Internal Industry Classification |
| |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Total Carrying Value | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic industrial | $ | 439,088 | | | $ | 361,559 | | | $ | 31,291 | | | $ | 77,529 | | | $ | (12,352 | ) |
Capital goods | 350,140 | | | 320,274 | | | 30,969 | | | 29,866 | | | (5,043 | ) |
Communications | 231,153 | | | 230,578 | | | 17,588 | | | 575 | | | (4 | ) |
Consumer cyclical | 318,425 | | | 274,620 | | | 24,998 | | | 43,805 | | | (5,216 | ) |
Consumer noncyclical | 436,291 | | | 434,023 | | | 42,037 | | | 2,268 | | | (85 | ) |
Energy | 637,644 | | | 515,123 | | | 44,290 | | | 122,521 | | | (13,600 | ) |
Finance | 1,525,956 | | | 1,003,077 | | | 53,632 | | | 522,879 | | | (95,296 | ) |
Transportation | 180,411 | | | 166,662 | | | 16,304 | | | 13,749 | | | (245 | ) |
Utilities | 1,260,433 | | | 1,167,942 | | | 110,100 | | | 92,491 | | | (4,727 | ) |
Other | 146,493 | | | 121,458 | | | 13,545 | | | 25,035 | | | (3,310 | ) |
Total corporate securities | 5,526,034 | | | 4,595,316 | | | 384,754 | | | 930,718 | | | (139,878 | ) |
Mortgage and asset-backed securities | 3,035,776 | | | 1,856,912 | | | 118,210 | | | 1,178,864 | | | (226,260 | ) |
United States Government and agencies | 144,890 | | | 144,890 | | | 16,337 | | | — | | | — | |
State, municipal and other governments | 2,124,836 | | | 1,447,392 | | | 53,327 | | | 677,444 | | | (67,004 | ) |
Total | $ | 10,831,536 | | | $ | 8,044,510 | | | $ | 572,628 | | | $ | 2,787,026 | | | $ | (433,142 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Total Carrying Value | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic industrial | $ | 406,541 | | | $ | 270,886 | | | $ | 19,254 | | | $ | 135,655 | | | $ | (20,000 | ) |
Capital goods | 320,176 | | | 256,139 | | | 16,844 | | | 64,037 | | | (7,902 | ) |
Communications | 190,423 | | | 164,464 | | | 9,739 | | | 25,959 | | | (1,241 | ) |
Consumer cyclical | 309,927 | | | 249,996 | | | 13,793 | | | 59,931 | | | (9,512 | ) |
Consumer noncyclical | 388,805 | | | 355,954 | | | 21,727 | | | 32,851 | | | (954 | ) |
Energy | 571,587 | | | 379,842 | | | 25,998 | | | 191,745 | | | (11,407 | ) |
Finance | 1,437,932 | | | 435,019 | | | 17,674 | | | 1,002,913 | | | (167,168 | ) |
Transportation | 166,789 | | | 115,727 | | | 7,256 | | | 51,062 | | | (3,037 | ) |
Utilities | 1,169,778 | | | 859,918 | | | 54,533 | | | 309,860 | | | (17,389 | ) |
Other | 145,517 | | | 120,041 | | | 8,763 | | | 25,476 | | | (2,962 | ) |
Total corporate securities | 5,107,475 | | | 3,207,986 | | | 195,581 | | | 1,899,489 | | | (241,572 | ) |
Mortgage and asset-backed securities | 2,726,406 | | | 1,274,361 | | | 43,043 | | | 1,452,045 | | | (326,207 | ) |
United States Government and agencies | 139,467 | | | 61,255 | | | 4,620 | | | 78,212 | | | (2,543 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | 1,891,253 | | | 351,067 | | | 8,509 | | | 1,540,186 | | | (155,500 | ) |
Total | $ | 9,864,601 | | | $ | 4,894,669 | | | $ | 251,753 | | | $ | 4,969,932 | | | $ | (725,822 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit Quality of Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities with Unrealized Losses |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | June 30, 2010 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 1,783,554 | | | 64.0 | % | | $ | (203,836 | ) | | 47.1 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 623,552 | | | 22.4 | | | (93,872 | ) | | 21.7 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 2,407,106 | | | 86.4 | | | (297,708 | ) | | 68.8 | |
3 | | BB | | 243,299 | | | 8.7 | | | (36,971 | ) | | 8.5 | |
4 | | B | | 83,764 | | | 3.0 | | | (32,360 | ) | | 7.5 | |
5 | | CCC | | 32,882 | | | 1.2 | | | (34,997 | ) | | 8.0 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 19,975 | | | 0.7 | | | (31,106 | ) | | 7.2 | |
| | Total below investment grade | | 379,920 | | | 13.6 | | | (135,434 | ) | | 31.2 | |
| | Total | | $ | 2,787,026 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | (433,142 | ) | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | December 31, 2009 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 3,189,335 | | | 64.2 | % | | $ | (355,516 | ) | | 49.0 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 1,335,973 | | | 26.9 | | | (180,763 | ) | | 24.9 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 4,525,308 | | | 91.1 | | | (536,279 | ) | | 73.9 | |
3 | | BB | | 315,603 | | | 6.3 | | | (56,456 | ) | | 7.8 | |
4 | | B | | 78,226 | | | 1.6 | | | (55,791 | ) | | 7.7 | |
5 | | CCC | | 27,357 | | | 0.5 | | | (42,419 | ) | | 5.8 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 23,438 | | | 0.5 | | | (34,877 | ) | | 4.8 | |
| | Total below investment grade | | 444,624 | | | 8.9 | | | (189,543 | ) | | 26.1 | |
| | Total | | $ | 4,969,932 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | (725,822 | ) | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities with Unrealized Losses by Length of Time |
| | | |
| June 30, 2010 |
| | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| Number of Issuers | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Three months or less | 22 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 127,255 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (6,490 | ) |
Greater than three months to six months | 7 | | | — | | | 53,129 | | | — | | | (827 | ) |
Greater than six months to nine months | 8 | | | — | | | 42,247 | | | — | | | (3,650 | ) |
Greater than nine months to twelve months | 1 | | | — | | | 41 | | | — | | | (5 | ) |
Greater than twelve months | 315 | | | 475,100 | | | 2,522,396 | | | (210,644 | ) | | (211,526 | ) |
Total | | | $ | 475,100 | | | $ | 2,745,068 | | | $ | (210,644 | ) | | $ | (222,498 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| Number of Issuers | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Three months or less | 188 | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,166,486 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (30,057 | ) |
Greater than three months to six months | 4 | | 42 | | | 9,906 | | | (15 | ) | | (421 | ) |
Greater than six months to nine months | 13 | | 16,958 | | | 36,174 | | | (9,226 | ) | | (3,236 | ) |
Greater than nine months to twelve months | 12 | | 17,539 | | | 24,675 | | | (6,960 | ) | | (1,552 | ) |
Greater than twelve months | 463 | | 844,621 | | | 3,579,353 | | | (350,096 | ) | | (324,259 | ) |
Total | | | $ | 879,160 | | | $ | 4,816,594 | | | $ | (366,297 | ) | | $ | (359,525 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities with Unrealized Losses by Maturity Date |
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Due in one year or less | $ | 794 | | | $ | (44 | ) | | $ | 1,876 | | | $ | (116 | ) |
Due after one year through five years | 119,553 | | | (9,873 | ) | | 241,292 | | | (19,491 | ) |
Due after five years through ten years | 271,405 | | | (39,237 | ) | | 852,567 | | | (92,816 | ) |
Due after ten years | 1,216,410 | | | (157,728 | ) | | 2,417,458 | | | (286,886 | ) |
| 1,608,162 | | | (206,882 | ) | | 3,513,193 | | | (399,309 | ) |
Mortgage and asset-backed securities | 1,178,864 | | | (226,260 | ) | | 1,452,045 | | | (326,207 | ) |
Redeemable preferred stock | — | | | — | | | 4,694 | | | (306 | ) |
Total | $ | 2,787,026 | | | $ | (433,142 | ) | | $ | 4,969,932 | | | $ | (725,822 | ) |
At June 30, 2010, unrealized losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities totaled $433.1 million primarily due to $226.3 million in unrealized losses on mortgage and asset-backed securities. The unrealized losses on mortgage and asset-backed securities were primarily due to an increase in credit spreads and decrease in liquidity for the sectors resulting from concerns about mortgage defaults on Alt-A, subprime and other risky mortgages. In addition, the unrealized losses on corporate securities totaling $139.9 million were primarily due to a decrease in market liquidity, general spread widening and credit quality concerns of assets held by banking institutions and life insurance companies. An increase in credit spreads on energy bonds, due to the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig in the Gulf of Mexico and the ensuing oil spill from the open oil well, also contributed to the unrealized losses in the corporate segment. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for additional analysis of these unrealized losses.
Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities
Mortgage and other asset-backed securities comprised 28.0% at June 30, 2010 and 27.6% at December 31, 2009 of our total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. These securities are purchased when we believe these types of investments provide superior risk-adjusted returns compared to returns of more conventional investments such as corporate bonds and mortgage loans. These securities are diversified as to collateral types, cash flow characteristics and maturity.
The repayment pattern on mortgage and other asset-backed securities is more variable than that of more traditional fixed maturity securities because the repayment terms are tied to underlying debt obligations that are subject to prepayments. The prepayment speeds (e.g., the rate of individuals refinancing their home mortgages) can vary based on a number of economic factors that cannot be predicted with certainty. These factors include the prevailing interest rate environment and general status of the economy.
At each balance sheet date, we review and update our expectation of future prepayment speeds and the book value of the mortgage and other asset-backed securities purchased at a premium or discount is reset, if needed, to result in a constant effective yield over the life of the security. This effective yield is computed using historical principal payments and expected future principal payment patterns. Any adjustments to book value to derive the constant effective yield, which may include the reversal of premium or discount amounts previously amortized or accrued, are recorded in the current period as a component of
net investment income. Accordingly, deviations in actual prepayment speeds from that originally expected or changes in expected prepayment speeds can cause a change in the yield earned on mortgage and asset-backed securities purchased at a premium or discount and may result in adjustments that have a material positive or negative impact on quarterly reported results. Increases in prepayment speeds, which typically occur in a decreasing interest rate environment, generally increase the rate at which discount is accrued and premium is amortized into income. Decreases in prepayment speeds, which typically occur in an increasing interest rate environment, generally slow down the rate these amounts are recorded into income.
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Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities by Type |
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Par Value | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturities |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Residential mortgage-backed securities: | | | | | | | |
Sequential | $ | 1,251,073 | | | $ | 1,265,541 | | | $ | 1,208,677 | | | 11.1 | % |
Pass-through | 222,710 | | | 216,042 | | | 233,976 | | | 2.2 | |
Planned and targeted amortization class | 466,413 | | | 470,567 | | | 463,263 | | | 4.3 | |
Other | 38,939 | | | 39,035 | | | 34,783 | | | 0.3 | |
Total residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,979,135 | | | 1,991,185 | | | 1,940,699 | | | 17.9 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 764,899 | | | 787,829 | | | 767,801 | | | 7.1 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 399,792 | | | 457,447 | | | 327,276 | | | 3.0 | |
Total mortgage and asset-backed securities | $ | 3,143,826 | | | $ | 3,236,461 | | | $ | 3,035,776 | | | 28.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Amortized Cost | | Par Value | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturities |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Residential mortgage-backed securities: | | | | | | | |
Sequential | $ | 1,236,102 | | | $ | 1,252,293 | | | $ | 1,148,038 | | | 11.6 | % |
Pass-through | 258,509 | | | 250,964 | | | 263,175 | | | 2.7 | |
Planned and targeted amortization class | 459,004 | | | 461,935 | | | 429,309 | | | 4.4 | |
Other | 39,471 | | | 39,569 | | | 32,888 | | | 0.3 | |
Total residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,993,086 | | | 2,004,761 | | | 1,873,410 | | | 19.0 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 785,729 | | | 810,995 | | | 720,123 | | | 7.3 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 230,755 | | | 290,104 | | | 132,873 | | | 1.3 | |
Total mortgage and asset-backed securities | $ | 3,009,570 | | | $ | 3,105,860 | | | $ | 2,726,406 | | | 27.6 | % |
The residential mortgage-backed portfolio includes pass-through and collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) securities. With a pass-through security, we receive a pro rata share of principal payments as payments are made on the underlying mortgage loans. CMOs consist of pools of mortgages divided into sections or "tranches" which provide sequential retirement of the bonds. We invest in sequential tranches which provide cash flow stability in that principal payments do not occur until the previous tranches are paid off. In addition, to provide call protection and more stable average lives, we invest in CMOs such as planned amortization class (PAC) and targeted amortization class (TAC) securities. CMOs of these types provide more predictable cash flows within a range of prepayment speeds by shifting the prepayment risks to support tranches. We generally do not purchase certain types of CMOs that we believe would subject the investment portfolio to greater than average risk. These include, but are not limited to, principal only, floater, inverse floater, PAC II and support tranches.
The commercial mortgage-backed securities are primarily sequential securities. Commercial mortgage-backed securities typically have cash flows that are less subject to refinance risk than residential mortgage-backed securities principally due to prepayment restrictions on many of the underlying commercial mortgage loans.
The other asset-backed securities are backed by both residential and non-residential collateral. The collateral for residential asset-backed securities primarily consists of second lien fixed-rate home equity loans. The cash flows of these securities are less subject to prepayment risk than residential mortgage-backed securities as the borrowers are less likely to refinance than those with only a first lien mortgage. The collateral for non-residential asset-backed securities primarily includes securities
backed by credit card receivables, auto dealer receivables and auto installment loans. These securities are high quality, short-duration assets with limited cash flow variability.
Our direct exposure to the Alt-A home equity and subprime first-lien sectors is limited to investments in structured securities collateralized by senior tranches of residential mortgage loans with this exposure. We also have a partnership interest in an investment grade securities fund that owns securities backed by Alt-A home equity, subprime first-lien and adjustable rate mortgage collateral. The fund is reported as securities and indebtedness of related parties in our consolidated balances sheets with a fair value of $28.0 million at June 30, 2010 and $25.0 million at December 31, 2009. We do not own any direct investments in subprime lenders or adjustable rate mortgages.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities by Collateral Type |
| |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturities | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturities |
| (Dollars in thousands) | | (Dollars in thousands) |
Government agency | $ | 700,876 | | | $ | 749,802 | | | 6.9 | % | | $ | 687,079 | | | $ | 707,166 | | | 7.2 | % |
Prime | 914,268 | | | 877,271 | | | 8.1 | | | 937,677 | | | 862,870 | | | 8.6 | |
Alt-A | 503,633 | | | 408,094 | | | 3.8 | | | 521,911 | | | 390,352 | | | 4.0 | |
Subprime | 30,112 | | | 20,861 | | | 0.2 | | | 30,119 | | | 20,383 | | | 0.2 | |
Commercial mortgage | 764,899 | | | 767,801 | | | 7.1 | | | 785,729 | | | 720,123 | | | 7.3 | |
Non-mortgage | 230,038 | | | 211,947 | | | 1.9 | | | 47,055 | | | 25,512 | | | 0.3 | |
Total | $ | 3,143,826 | | | $ | 3,035,776 | | | 28.0 | % | | $ | 3,009,570 | | | $ | 2,726,406 | | | 27.6 | % |
The mortgage and asset-backed securities can be summarized into three broad categories: residential, commercial and other asset-backed securities.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities by Collateral Type and Origination Year | | |
| |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2010 | $ | 72,993 | | | $ | 74,633 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 72,993 | | | $ | 74,633 | |
2009 | 163,547 | | | 169,887 | | | — | | | — | | | 163,547 | | | 169,887 | |
2008 | 121,806 | | | 132,910 | | | — | | | — | | | 121,806 | | | 132,910 | |
2007 | 69,194 | | | 69,575 | | | 58,524 | | | 34,211 | | | 127,718 | | | 103,786 | |
2006 | 82,395 | | | 74,885 | | | 22,090 | | | 12,336 | | | 104,485 | | | 87,221 | |
2005 and prior | 1,084,118 | | | 1,094,848 | | | 304,468 | | | 277,414 | | | 1,388,586 | | | 1,372,262 | |
Total | $ | 1,594,053 | | | $ | 1,616,738 | | | $ | 385,082 | | | $ | 323,961 | | | $ | 1,979,135 | | | $ | 1,940,699 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | $ | 185,339 | | | $ | 185,850 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 185,339 | | | $ | 185,850 | |
2008 | 127,442 | | | 132,204 | | | — | | | — | | | 127,442 | | | 132,204 | |
2007 | 71,256 | | | 67,363 | | | 58,958 | | | 33,113 | | | 130,214 | | | 100,476 | |
2006 | 84,822 | | | 72,193 | | | 22,445 | | | 11,861 | | | 107,267 | | | 84,054 | |
2005 | 61,246 | | | 61,404 | | | — | | | — | | | 61,246 | | | 61,404 | |
2004 and prior | 1,072,170 | | | 1,041,311 | | | 309,408 | | | 268,111 | | | 1,381,578 | | | 1,309,422 | |
Total | $ | 1,602,275 | | | $ | 1,560,325 | | | $ | 390,811 | | | $ | 313,085 | | | $ | 1,993,086 | | | $ | 1,873,410 | |
| |
(1) | Insurance on 2006 Alt-A issues is provided by MBIA Insurance Corporation (79% in 2010 and 78% in 2009). Insurance on 2007 Alt-A issues is provided by Assured Guaranty Ltd. (33% in 2010 and 2009) and MBIA Insurance Corporation (26% in 2010 and 2009). There is no insurance coverage on Government & Prime investments or Alt-A investments with collateral originating prior to 2006. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 1,866,769 | | | 96.2 | % | | $ | 1,770,168 | | | 94.5 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 65,671 | | | 3.4 | | | 70,876 | | | 3.8 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 1,932,440 | | | 99.6 | | | 1,841,044 | | | 98.3 | |
3 | | BB | | 8,259 | | | 0.4 | | | 28,887 | | | 1.5 | |
4 | | B | | — | | | — | | | 3,479 | | | 0.2 | |
| | Total | | $ | 1,940,699 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,873,410 | | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities by Origination Year |
| | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2010 | $ | 6,961 | | | $ | 7,073 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
2009 | 41,054 | | | 48,204 | | | 40,757 | | | 41,767 | |
2008 | 182,568 | | | 208,403 | | | 182,221 | | | 189,445 | |
2007 | 184,806 | | | 165,879 | | | 184,515 | | | 148,342 | |
2006 | 136,069 | | | 125,012 | | | 143,982 | | | 116,570 | |
2005 and prior | 213,441 | | | 213,230 | | | 234,254 | | | 223,999 | |
Total | $ | 764,899 | | | $ | 767,801 | | | $ | 785,729 | | | $ | 720,123 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | GNMA | | $ | 319,675 | | | 41.6 | % | | $ | 338,438 | | | 47.0 | % |
1 | | FNMA | | 16,619 | | | 2.2 | | | 15,786 | | | 2.2 | |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | | | | | | | |
| | Generic | | 94,150 | | | 12.3 | | | 68,076 | | | 9.5 | |
| | Super Senior | | 198,408 | | | 25.8 | | | 179,361 | | | 24.9 | |
| | Mezzanine | | 31,922 | | | 4.2 | | | 27,833 | | | 3.9 | |
| | Junior | | 84,180 | | | 10.9 | | | 78,821 | | | 10.9 | |
| | Total AAA, AA, A | | 408,660 | | | 53.2 | | | 354,091 | | | 49.2 | |
2 | | BBB | | 11,339 | | | 1.5 | | | 3,985 | | | 0.5 | |
3 | | BB | | 3,899 | | | 0.5 | | | — | | | — | |
4 | | B | | 7,099 | | | 0.9 | | | 7,434 | | | 1.0 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 510 | | | 0.1 | | | 389 | | | 0.2 | |
| | Total | | $ | 767,801 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 720,123 | | | 100.0 | % |
Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA or Ginnie Mae) guarantees principal and interest on mortgage backed securities. The guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. The Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA or Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Association (FHLMC or Freddie Mac) are government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) that were chartered by Congress to reduce borrowing costs for certain homeowners. GSEs have carried an implicit backing of the United States Government but do not have explicit guarantees like GNMA. The Housing and Economic Recovery act of 2008 allows the government to expand its line of credit to $200 billion each for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Late in 2009, the Treasury revised these caps to expand as needed to cover losses over the next three years. The revision was intended to show support for these firms throughout the housing crisis by the U.S. Treasury.
The AAA, AA and A rated commercial mortgage-backed securities are broken down into categories based on subordination levels. Rating agencies disclose subordination levels, which measure the amount of credit support that the bonds (or tranches) have from subordinated bonds (or tranches). Generic is a term used for securities issued prior to 2005. The super senior securities have subordination levels greater than 27%, the mezzanine securities have subordination levels in the 17% to 27% range and the junior securities have subordination levels in the 9% to 16% range.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Asset-Backed Securities by Collateral Type and Origination Year |
| |
| June 30, 2010 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Subprime | | Non-Mortgage | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2010 | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 82,938 | | | $ | 83,396 | | | $ | 82,938 | | | $ | 83,396 | |
2009 | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 58,542 | | | 58,827 | | | 58,542 | | | 58,827 | |
2007 | 9,978 | | | 3,390 | | | 16,074 | | | 8,285 | | | — | | | — | | | 31,798 | | | 31,442 | | | 57,850 | | | 43,117 | |
2006 | 8,637 | | | 4,329 | | | 71,236 | | | 48,282 | | | — | | | — | | | 9,880 | | | 9,917 | | | 89,753 | | | 62,528 | |
2005 and prior | 2,476 | | | 2,616 | | | 31,241 | | | 27,566 | | | 30,112 | | | 20,861 | | | 46,880 | | | 28,365 | | | 110,709 | | | 79,408 | |
Total | $ | 21,091 | | | $ | 10,335 | | | $ | 118,551 | | | $ | 84,133 | | | $ | 30,112 | | | $ | 20,861 | | | $ | 230,038 | | | $ | 211,947 | | | $ | 399,792 | | | $ | 327,276 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2009 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Subprime | | Non-Mortgage | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2009 | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,999 | | | $ | 4,983 | | | $ | 4,999 | | | $ | 4,983 | |
2007 | 9,982 | | | 2,596 | | | 18,853 | | | 7,979 | | | — | | | — | | | 7,065 | | | 5,999 | | | 35,900 | | | 16,574 | |
2006 | 9,748 | | | 4,322 | | | 77,612 | | | 42,621 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 87,360 | | | 46,943 | |
2005 | — | | | — | | | 23,845 | | | 20,376 | | | 30,119 | | | 20,383 | | | 8,831 | | | 100 | | | 62,795 | | | 40,859 | |
2004 and prior | 2,751 | | | 2,793 | | | 10,790 | | | 6,291 | | | — | | | — | | | 26,160 | | | 14,430 | | | 39,701 | | | 23,514 | |
Total | $ | 22,481 | | | $ | 9,711 | | | $ | 131,100 | | | $ | 77,267 | | | $ | 30,119 | | | $ | 20,383 | | | $ | 47,055 | | | $ | 25,512 | | | $ | 230,755 | | | $ | 132,873 | |
| |
(1) | Insurance on 2006 Alt-A issues is provided by Financial Guaranty Insurance Co. (FGIC) (43% in 2010 and 44% in 2009) and Ambac Assurance Corporation (Ambac) (28% in 2010 and 30% in 2009). Insurance on 2007 Alt-A issues is provided by Ambac (46% in 2010 and 53% in 2009), MBIA Insurance Corporation (31% in 2010 and 27% in 2009) and FGIC (23% in 2010 and 21% in 2009). The 2006 and 2007 Government & Prime issues are 100% insured by Ambac (2006 issues) and MBIA Insurance Corporation (2007 issues). There is no insurance coverage on other asset-backed securities with subprime or non-mortgage collateral or collateral originating prior to 2006. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Asset-Backed Securities by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Ratings | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 308,998 | | | 94.4 | % | | $ | 108,737 | | | 81.8 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 7,517 | | | 2.3 | | | 7,199 | | | 5.4 | |
3 | | BB | | 302 | | | 0.1 | | | 457 | | | 0.3 | |
4 | | B | | 4,675 | | | 1.4 | | | 8,557 | | | 6.5 | |
5 | | CCC | | 4,524 | | | 1.4 | | | 7,050 | | | 5.3 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 1,260 | | | 0.4 | | | 873 | | | 0.7 | |
| | Total | | $ | 327,276 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 132,873 | | | 100.0 | % |
The mortgage and asset-backed portfolios include securities wrapped by monoline bond insurers to provide additional credit enhancement for the investment. We believe these securities were underwritten at investment grade levels excluding any credit enhancing protection. At June 30, 2010, the fair value of our insured mortgage and asset-backed holdings totaled $82.7 million, or 2.7% of our mortgage and asset-backed portfolios and 0.8% of our total fixed income portfolio.
During 2009, FGIC was downgraded by rating agencies and in November of 2009 was ordered to stop making payments. In March 2010, the Wisconsin Insurance Commissioner placed a temporary moratorium on payments for Ambac wrapped residential mortgage-backed securities. Securities with existing or expected cash flow concerns that are wrapped by FGIC or Ambac have been other-than-temporarily impaired. We do not consider the investments wrapped by other monoline bond insurers to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2010 because we do not have reason to believe that those guarantees, if needed, will not be honored. We do not directly own any fixed income or equity investments in monoline bond insurers.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities and Other Asset-Backed Securities by Insurance |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Insurers' S&P Rating (1) | | Residential Mortgage- Backed | | Other Asset- Backed | | Total Carrying Value | | Residential Mortgage- Backed | | Other Asset- Backed | | Total Carrying Value |
Insured: | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
Ambac | NR (2) | | $ | — | | | $ | 17,744 | | | $ | 17,744 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 16,674 | | | $ | 16,674 | |
Assured Guaranty Ltd. | AAA | | 9,949 | | | — | | | 9,949 | | | 9,569 | | | — | | | 9,569 | |
FGIC | NR (2) | | — | | | 27,714 | | | 27,714 | | | — | | | 24,184 | | | 24,184 | |
MBIA Insurance Corporation | BB+ | | 14,826 | | | 12,435 | | | 27,261 | | | 14,192 | | | 11,104 | | | 25,296 | |
Total with insurance | | 24,775 | | | 57,893 | | | 82,668 | | | 23,761 | | | 51,962 | | | 75,723 | |
Uninsured: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
GNMA | | | 279,237 | | | — | | | 279,237 | | | 306,021 | | | — | | | 306,021 | |
FHLMC | | | 285,822 | | | 2,582 | | | 288,404 | | | 251,499 | | | 2,751 | | | 254,250 | |
FNMA | | | 182,112 | | | 34 | | | 182,146 | | | 146,835 | | | 41 | | | 146,876 | |
Other | | | 1,168,753 | | | 266,767 | | | 1,435,520 | | | 1,145,294 | | | 78,119 | | | 1,223,413 | |
Total | | | $ | 1,940,699 | | | $ | 327,276 | | | $ | 2,267,975 | | | $ | 1,873,410 | | | $ | 132,873 | | | $ | 2,006,283 | |
| |
(1) | Rating in effect as of June 30, 2010. |
(2) | No formal published rating. |
Collateralized Debt Obligations
Collateralized debt obligation investments are included in the corporate securities portfolio. Our investments in collateralized debt obligations are backed by credit default swaps with no home equity exposure. These securities had a carrying value of $3.1 million and unrealized loss of $14.9 million at June 30, 2010 and a carrying value of $12.9 million and unrealized loss of $14.6 million at December 31, 2009. The carrying value decreased due to the sale of two of the securities in 2010. The unrealized loss is attributable to one security that we have stress tested and determined that future principal losses are not expected based on reasonably adverse conditions. See Note 1 for discussion of a change in accounting for this security during the third quarter of 2010.
State, Municipal and Other Government Securities
State, municipal and other government securities include investments in general obligation, revenue, military housing and municipal housing bonds. Our investment strategy is to utilize municipal bonds in addition to corporate bonds, as we believe they provide additional diversification and have historically low default rates compared with similarly rated corporate bonds. We evaluate the credit strength of the underlying issues on both a quantitative and qualitative basis, excluding insurance, prior to acquisition. The majority of the municipal bonds we hold are investment grade credits without consideration of insurance. The insolvency of one or more of the credit enhancing entities would be a meaningful short-term market liquidity event, but would not dramatically increase our investment portfolio's risk profile.
Equity Securities
Equity securities totaled $70.0 million at June 30, 2010 and $60.2 million at December 31, 2009. Gross unrealized gains totaled $1.8 million and gross unrealized losses totaled $3.1 million at June 30, 2010. At December 31, 2009, gross unrealized gains totaled $2.5 million and gross unrealized losses totaled $4.7 million on these securities. The unrealized losses are primarily attributable to perpetual preferred securities from issuers in the financial sector. We believe these losses are due to concerns regarding the quality of the assets the issuers hold and uncertainty regarding when these securities will be called. These securities are similar to fixed maturities as they provide periodic cash flows, contain call features and are similarly rated and priced like long-term callable bonds.
Mortgage Loans
Mortgage loans totaled $1,288.4 million at June 30, 2010 and $1,293.9 million at December 31, 2009. Our mortgage loans are diversified as to property type, location and loan size, and are collateralized by the related properties. There was one mortgage more than 60 days delinquent as of June 30, 2010 with a carrying value of $1.5 million and one delinquent mortgage loan as of December 31, 2009 with a carrying value of $1.5 million. The total number of commercial mortgage loans outstanding was 333 at June 30, 2010 and 332 at December 31, 2009. Our mortgage lending policies establish limits on the amount that can be loaned to one borrower and require diversification by geographic location and collateral type. The majority of our mortgage loans amortize principal, with 6.6% that are interest only loans at June 30, 2010. The average loan-to-value of the current outstanding principal balance to the appraised value at origination was 56.3% and the weighted average debt service coverage ratio was approximately 1.5 based on the results of our 2009 annual study.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Loans by Collateral Type | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
Collateral Type | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Retail | | $ | 453,246 | | | 35.2 | % | | $ | 449,159 | | | 34.7 | % |
Industrial | | 395,291 | | | 30.7 | | | 402,239 | | | 31.1 | |
Office | | 408,519 | | | 31.7 | | | 410,723 | | | 31.7 | |
Other | | 31,356 | | | 2.4 | | | 31,815 | | | 2.5 | |
Total | | $ | 1,288,412 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,293,936 | | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Loans by Geographic Location within the United States | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
Region of the United States | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
South Atlantic | | $ | 337,792 | | | 26.2 | % | | $ | 331,441 | | | 25.6 | % |
East North Central | | 247,931 | | | 19.3 | | | 247,298 | | | 19.1 | |
Pacific | | 239,947 | | | 18.6 | | | 243,966 | | | 18.9 | |
West North Central | | 160,124 | | | 12.4 | | | 165,468 | | | 12.8 | |
Mountain | | 122,414 | | | 9.5 | | | 117,267 | | | 9.1 | |
West South Central | | 63,437 | | | 4.9 | | | 65,297 | | | 5.0 | |
Other | | 116,767 | | | 9.1 | | | 123,199 | | | 9.5 | |
Total | | $ | 1,288,412 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,293,936 | | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value Ratio (1) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
0% - 50% | $ | 383,028 | | | 29.7 | % | | $ | 378,082 | | | 29.2 | % |
50% - 60% | 316,690 | | | 24.6 | | | 303,357 | | | 23.5 | |
60% - 70% | 437,643 | | | 34.0 | | | 453,170 | | | 35.0 | |
70% - 80% | 132,570 | | | 10.3 | | | 130,258 | | | 10.1 | |
80% - 90% | 18,481 | | | 1.4 | | | 23,835 | | | 1.8 | |
90% - 100% | — | | | — | | | 5,234 | | | 0.4 | |
Total | $ | 1,288,412 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,293,936 | | | 100.0 | % |
| |
(1) | Loan-to-Value Ratio at origination |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Loans by Year of Origination | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| June 30, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 |
| Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2010 | $ | 31,782 | | | 2.4 | % | | $ | — | | | — | % |
2008 | 199,448 | | | 15.5 | | | 201,714 | | | 15.6 | |
2007 | 276,538 | | | 21.5 | | | 284,327 | | | 22.0 | |
2006 | 182,581 | | | 14.2 | | | 188,007 | | | 14.5 | |
2005 and prior | 598,063 | | | 46.4 | | | 619,888 | | | 47.9 | |
Total | $ | 1,288,412 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,293,936 | | | 100.0 | % |
Mortgage loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to contractual terms of the loan agreement. At June 30, 2010, we held a valuation allowance for three impaired loans totaling $2.0 million and at December 31, 2009, we held a valuation allowance for two impaired loans totaling $0.7 million.
Derivative Instruments
Derivative instruments totaling $35.3 million at June 30, 2010 and $44.0 million at December 31, 2009 consist primarily of call options supporting our index annuity business net of collateral received from counterparties.
Asset-Liability Management
Our asset-liability management program includes (i) designing and developing products that encourage persistency and help ensure targeted spreads are earned and, as a result, create a stable liability structure, and (ii) structuring the investment portfolio with duration and cash flow characteristics consistent with the duration and cash flow characteristics of our insurance liabilities. The weighted average life of the fixed maturity and mortgage loan portfolio based on market values and excluding convertible bonds, was approximately 8.6 years at June 30, 2010 and 9.3 years at December 31, 2009. The effective duration of the fixed maturity and mortgage loan portfolios backing our annuity products was 6.0 at June 30, 2010 and 6.4 at December 31, 2009. The effective duration of our annuity liabilities was approximately 6.5 at June 30, 2010 and 6.4 at December 31, 2009.
Other Assets
Deferred policy acquisition costs decreased 24.4% to $832.3 million and deferred sales inducements decreased 26.3% to $265.2 million at June 30, 2010 primarily due to the impact of the change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities. The impact of unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities decreased deferred policy acquisition costs $66.3 million at June 30, 2010 compared to an increase of $196.1 million at December 31, 2009, and increased deferred sales inducements $1.7 million at June 30, 2010 and $96.0 million at December 31, 2009. Other assets
increased 28.2% to $43.5 million primarily due to increases in prepaid pension expense and receivables for certain reinsurance contracts and collateral.
Liabilities
Policy liabilities and accruals increased 2.2% to $11,773.1 million at June 30, 2010 primarily due to an increase in the volume of Farm Bureau Life's interest sensitive business in force. Our deferred income tax liability increased 339.6% to $120.9 million primarily due to the change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities. Other liabilities increased 20.5% to $105.2 million primarily due to increases in payables for securities purchased and payables for certain reinsurance contracts.
Stockholders' Equity
FBL Financial Group, Inc. stockholders' equity increased 23.3% to $1,074.5 million at June 30, 2010, compared to $871.2 million at December 31, 2009, primarily due to the change in the unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities and net income for the period.
At June 30, 2010, FBL's common stockholders' equity was $1,071.5 million, or $34.76 per share, compared to $868.2 million or $28.49 per share at December 31, 2009. Included in stockholders' equity per common share is $1.43 at June 30, 2010 and ($3.89) at December 31, 2009 attributable to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, our operating activities generated cash flows totaling $258.6 million. This is primarily due to net income of $40.3 million adjusted for non-cash operating revenues and expenses netting to $218.3 million. We used cash of $355.4 million in our investing activities during the 2010 period. The primary uses were $778.3 million of investment acquisitions, mostly in fixed maturity securities, partially offset by $423.9 million in sales, maturities or the repayment of investments. Our financing activities provided cash of $108.6 million during the 2010 period. The primary sources were $659.1 million in receipts from interest sensitive and index products credited to policyholder account balances, partially offset by $548.7 million for return of policyholder account balances on interest sensitive and index products.
Sources and Uses of Capital Resources
Parent company cash inflows from operations consist primarily of (i) dividends from subsidiaries, if declared and paid, (ii) fees that it charges the various subsidiaries and affiliates for management of their operations, (iii) expense reimbursements from subsidiaries and affiliates, (iv) proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options, (v) proceeds from borrowings, (vi) tax settlements between the parent company and its subsidiaries and (vii) investment income. Revenue sources for the parent company during the six months ended June 30, 2010 included management fees from subsidiaries and affiliates of $3.1 million. Cash outflows are principally for salaries, taxes and other expenses related to providing these management services, dividends on outstanding stock and interest and principal repayments on our parent company debt.
The Life Companies' cash inflows consist primarily of premium income, deposits to policyholder account balances, income from investments, sales, maturities and calls of investments, repayments of investment principal and proceeds from call option settlements. The Life Companies' cash outflows are primarily related to withdrawals of policyholder account balances, investment purchases, payment of policy acquisition costs, policyholder benefits, income taxes, dividends and current operating expenses. Life insurance companies generally produce a positive cash flow which may be measured by the degree to which cash inflows are adequate to meet benefit obligations to policyholders and normal operating expenses as they are incurred. The remaining cash flow is generally used to increase the asset base to provide funds to meet the need for future policy benefit payments and for writing new business. The Life Companies' continuing operations and financing activities relating to interest sensitive and index products provided funds totaling $369.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and used funds totaling $47.4 million for the 2009 period.
EquiTrust Life had net cash outflows from operations and financing activities totaling $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to a reduction in sales to preserve capital as outlined in the "Impact of Recent Business Environment" section above. At June 30, 2010, EquiTrust Life had cash and short-term investments on hand totaling
$89.7 million and fixed maturity securities in an unrealized gain position totaling $4,410.2 million. See the "Market Risks of Financial Instruments" section in our 2009 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion regarding EquiTrust Life's
2009 surrender activity.
The ability of the Life Companies to pay dividends to FBL Financial Group, Inc. is limited by law to earned profits (statutory unassigned surplus) as of the date the dividend is paid, as determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities of the State of Iowa. During the remainder of 2010, the maximum amount legally available for distribution to FBL Financial Group, Inc., without further regulatory approval, is $68.7 million from Farm Bureau Life and $27.3 million from EquiTrust Life.
FBL Financial Group, Inc. expects to rely on available cash resources and dividends from Farm Bureau Life to make dividend payments to its stockholders and interest payments on its debt. The parent company had available cash and investments totaling $23.0 million at June 30, 2010. We anticipate that FBL Financial Group, Inc. will receive dividends totaling $10.0 million from Farm Bureau Life and $1.5 million from other non-life insurance subsidiaries during the remainder of 2010.
Interest payments on our debt totaled $12.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and $13.1 million for the 2009 period. In the first quarter of 2009, we repaid the outstanding borrowings on our line of credit and terminated that agreement. Interest payments on our debt outstanding at June 30, 2010 are estimated to be $12.2 million for the remainder of 2010. We paid cash dividends on our common and preferred stock during the six-month period totaling $3.8 million in 2010 and $5.7 million in 2009. It is anticipated that quarterly cash dividend requirements for the third quarter of 2010 will be $0.0075 per Series B redeemable preferred share and $0.0625 per common share. The level of common stock dividends will be analyzed quarterly and will be dependent upon our capital and liquidity positions. Assuming a dividend rate of $0.0625 per common share, the common and preferred dividends would total approximately $3.9 million during the remainder of 2010. The Company is licensed by the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation (IFBF), our majority shareholder, to use the "Farm Bureau" and "FB" designations and pays royalty fees to the IFBF as a result of this royalty agreement. The royalty agreement provides an option for the IFBF to terminate the agreement when FBL's quarterly common stock dividend is less than $0.10 per share. Assuming no further reduction in the quarterly dividend, the IFBF has agreed to temporarily forgo its right of termination through August 31, 2010 and we anticipate they will continue to forgo such right thereafter.
We manage the amount of our capital to be consistent with statutory and rating agency requirements. As of June 30, 2010, we estimate that we have sufficient capital in the life insurance subsidiaries, combined with capital at the holding company, to meet our rating objectives. However, this capital may not be sufficient if significant future losses are incurred or market conditions provide limited access to additional capital.
As of June 30, 2010, we had no material commitments for capital expenditures.
On a consolidated basis, we anticipate that funds to meet our short-term and long-term capital expenditures, cash dividends to stockholders and operating cash needs will come from existing capital and internally generated funds. However, there can be no assurance that future experience regarding benefits and surrenders will be similar to historic experience since benefits and surrender levels are influenced by such factors as the interest rate environment, our financial strength ratings, the economy and other factors that impact policyholder behavior. Our investment portfolio at June 30, 2010, included $184.1 million of short-term investments, $23.5 million of cash and $1,231.0 million in carrying value of U.S. Government and U.S. Government agency backed securities that could be readily converted to cash at or near carrying value. In addition, Farm Bureau Life and EquiTrust Life are members of the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB), which provides a source for additional liquidity if needed. This membership allows the companies to utilize fixed or floating rate advances offered by the FHLB and secured by qualifying collateral. Our total capacity to utilize such advances is impacted by multiple factors including total market value of eligible collateral, level of statutory admitted assets and excess reserves and our willingness or capacity to hold activity-based FHLB common stock.
Contractual Obligations
In the normal course of business, we enter into insurance contracts, financing transactions, lease agreements or other commitments which are necessary or beneficial to our operations. These commitments may obligate us to certain cash flows during future periods. There have been no material changes to our total contractual obligations since December 31, 2009.
Recently Adopted Accounting Changes
See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that have been implemented during 2010 and those that have been issued and will be implemented in the future.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes in the market risks of our financial instruments since December 31, 2009.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
At the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our internal control over financial reporting changes from time-to-time as we modify and enhance our systems and processes to meet our dynamic needs. Changes are also made as we strive to be more efficient in how we conduct our business. Any significant changes in controls are evaluated prior to implementation to help ensure the continued effectiveness of our internal controls and internal control environment. While changes have taken place in our internal controls during the quarter ended June 30, 2010, there have been no changes that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(c) The following table sets forth issuer purchases of equity securities for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Period | | (a) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased (1) | | (b) Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) (1) | | (c) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | (d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
April 1, 2010 through April 30, 2010 | | — | | | $ | — | | | Not applicable | | Not applicable |
May 1, 2010 through May 31, 2010 | | — | | | — | | | Not applicable | | Not applicable |
June 1, 2010 through June 30, 2010 | | 1,054 | | | 23.56 | | | Not applicable | | Not applicable |
Total | | 1,054 | | | $ | 23.56 | | | | | |
(1) Our Amended and Restated 1996 and 2006 Class A Common Stock Compensation Plans (the Plans) provide for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, bonus stock, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights to directors, officers and employees. Under the Plans, the purchase price for any shares purchased pursuant to the exercise of an option shall be paid in full upon such exercise in cash, by check or by transferring shares of Class A common stock to the Company. Activity in this table represents Class A common shares returned to the Company in connection with the exercise of employee stock options.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
(a) Exhibits:
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31.1 | | Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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31.2 | | Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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32 | | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: August 5, 2010
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| FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. |
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| By | /s/ James E. Hohmann |
| | James E. Hohmann |
| | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
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| By | /s/ James P. Brannen |
| | James P. Brannen |
| | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |