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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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(Mark one) | | |
[X] | | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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| | For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011 |
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or |
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[ ] | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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| | For the transition period from____________________ to____________________ |
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Commission File Number: 1-11917
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
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Iowa | | 42-1411715 |
(State of incorporation) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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5400 University Avenue, West Des Moines, Iowa | | 50266-5997 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
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(515) 225-5400 |
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |
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(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [ ] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [ ] Yes [ ] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer [ ] | Accelerated filer [X] | Non-accelerated filer [ ] | Smaller reporting company [ ] |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes [X] No |
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Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date: |
Title of each class | | Outstanding at May 5, 2011 |
Class A Common Stock, without par value | | 29,940,315 |
Class B Common Stock, without par value | | 1,192,990 |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | |
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Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) | |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | |
| Consolidated Statements of Operations | |
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity | |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | |
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Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |
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Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | |
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | |
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PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION | |
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Item 6. | Exhibits | |
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SIGNATURES | | |
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
Assets | | | |
Investments: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost: 2011 - $11,229,423; 2010 - $10,974,330) | $ | 11,458,999 | | | $ | 11,128,524 | |
Equity securities - available for sale, at fair value (cost: 2011 - $77,936; 2010 - $77,689) | 80,613 | | | 78,656 | |
Mortgage loans | 1,249,905 | | | 1,254,437 | |
Derivative instruments | 40,924 | | | 40,729 | |
Real estate | 13,500 | | | 13,554 | |
Policy loans | 169,498 | | | 170,341 | |
Other long-term investments | 125 | | | 132 | |
Short-term investments | 226,653 | | | 383,369 | |
Total investments | 13,240,217 | | | 13,069,742 | |
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Cash and cash equivalents | 116,994 | | | 4,794 | |
Securities and indebtedness of related parties | 65,143 | | | 57,832 | |
Accrued investment income | 150,259 | | | 135,384 | |
Amounts receivable from affiliates | 3,526 | | | 2,025 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | 124,461 | | | 122,326 | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | 777,688 | | | 812,025 | |
Deferred sales inducements | 246,748 | | | 259,148 | |
Value of insurance in force acquired | 24,887 | | | 27,706 | |
Current income taxes recoverable | — | | | 17,914 | |
Other assets | 75,355 | | | 72,154 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 774,774 | | | 753,050 | |
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Total assets | $ | 15,600,052 | | | $ | 15,334,100 | |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity | | | |
Liabilities: | | | |
Policy liabilities and accruals: | | | |
Future policy benefits: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index products | $ | 10,854,119 | | | $ | 10,645,927 | |
Traditional life insurance and accident and health products | 1,370,771 | | | 1,362,410 | |
Other policy claims and benefits | 51,395 | | | 51,393 | |
Supplementary contracts without life contingencies | 499,827 | | | 506,167 | |
Advance premiums and other deposits | 195,449 | | | 188,577 | |
Amounts payable to affiliates | 2,706 | | | 573 | |
Short-term debt payable to affiliates | 100,000 | | | 100,000 | |
Long-term debt payable to non-affiliates | 271,191 | | | 271,168 | |
Current income taxes | 8,281 | | | — | |
Deferred income taxes | 135,646 | | | 131,174 | |
Other liabilities | 145,711 | | | 177,247 | |
Liabilities related to separate accounts | 774,774 | | | 753,050 | |
Total liabilities | 14,409,870 | | | 14,187,686 | |
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Stockholders' equity: | | | |
FBL Financial Group, Inc. stockholders' equity: | | | |
Preferred stock, without par value, at liquidation value - authorized 10,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 5,000,000 Series B shares | 3,000 | | | 3,000 | |
Class A common stock, without par value - authorized 88,500,000 shares, issued and outstanding 29,941,672 shares in 2011 and 29,749,068 shares in 2010 | 123,084 | | | 118,165 | |
Class B common stock, without par value - authorized 1,500,000 shares, issued and outstanding 1,192,990 shares | 7,522 | | | 7,522 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 54,194 | | | 39,895 | |
Retained earnings | 1,002,292 | | | 977,740 | |
Total FBL Financial Group, Inc. stockholders' equity | 1,190,092 | | | 1,146,322 | |
Noncontrolling interest | 90 | | | 92 | |
Total stockholders' equity | 1,190,182 | | | 1,146,414 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 15,600,052 | | | $ | 15,334,100 | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
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| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
Revenues: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 30,803 | | | $ | 30,003 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums | 41,387 | | | 39,245 | |
Net investment income | 186,519 | | | 178,089 | |
Derivative income | 35,540 | | | 22,336 | |
Net realized capital gains on sales of investments | 4,384 | | | 4,729 | |
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Total other-than-temporary impairment losses | (18,062 | ) | | (27,154 | ) |
Non-credit portion in other comprehensive income | 5,738 | | | 19,132 | |
Net impairment loss recognized in earnings | (12,324 | ) | | (8,022 | ) |
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Other income | 4,999 | | | 3,019 | |
Total revenues | 291,308 | | | 269,399 | |
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Benefits and expenses: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product benefits | 136,286 | | | 122,184 | |
Change in value of index product embedded derivatives | 12,251 | | | 26,056 | |
Traditional life insurance benefits | 36,598 | | | 37,309 | |
Policyholder dividends | 4,300 | | | 4,673 | |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | 53,984 | | | 43,938 | |
Interest expense | 6,109 | | | 6,118 | |
Other expenses | 4,900 | | | 4,254 | |
Total benefits and expenses | 254,428 | | | 244,532 | |
| 36,880 | | | 24,867 | |
Income taxes | (11,788 | ) | | (7,955 | ) |
Equity income, net of related income taxes | 1,399 | | | 1,095 | |
Net income | 26,491 | | | 18,007 | |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 2 | | | 14 | |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 26,493 | | | $ | 18,021 | |
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Earnings per common share | $ | 0.86 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution | $ | 0.85 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
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Cash dividends per common share | $ | 0.0625 | | | $ | 0.0625 | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| FBL Financial Group, Inc. Stockholders' Equity | | | | |
| Series B Preferred Stock | | Class A and Class B Common Stock (a) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | Retained Earnings | | Non- controlling Interest | | Total Stockholders' Equity |
Balance at January 1, 2010 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 117,399 | | | $ | (118,730 | ) | | $ | 869,487 | | | $ | 121 | | | $ | 871,277 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income - three months ended March 31, 2010 | — | | | — | | | — | | | 18,021 | | | (14 | ) | | 18,007 | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains/losses | — | | | — | | | 91,190 | | | — | | | — | | | 91,190 | |
Non-credit impairment losses | — | | | — | | | (8,084 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (8,084 | ) |
Change in underfunded status of other postretirement benefit plans | — | | | — | | | 112 | | | — | | | — | | | 112 | |
Total comprehensive income (b) | | | | | | | | | | | 101,225 | |
Stock-based compensation, including the net issuance of 226,872 common shares under compensation plans | — | | | 1,913 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,913 | |
Dividends on preferred stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (38 | ) | | — | | | (38 | ) |
Dividends on common stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1,884 | ) | | — | | | (1,884 | ) |
Receipts related to noncontrolling interest | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 22 | | | 22 | |
Balance at March 31, 2010 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 119,312 | | | $ | (35,512 | ) | | $ | 885,586 | | | $ | 129 | | | $ | 972,515 | |
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Balance at January 1, 2011 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 125,687 | | | $ | 39,895 | | | $ | 977,740 | | | $ | 92 | | | $ | 1,146,414 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income - three months ended March 31, 2011 | — | | | — | | | — | | | 26,493 | | | (2 | ) | | 26,491 | |
Change in net unrealized investment gains/losses | — | | | — | | | 16,448 | | | — | | | — | | | 16,448 | |
Non-credit impairment losses | — | | | — | | | (2,144 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (2,144 | ) |
Change in underfunded status of other postretirement benefit plans | — | | | — | | | (5 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (5 | ) |
Total comprehensive income (b) | | | | | | | | | | | 40,790 | |
Stock-based compensation, including the net issuance of 192,604 common shares under compensation plans | — | | | 4,919 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 4,919 | |
Dividends on preferred stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (38 | ) | | — | | | (38 | ) |
Dividends on common stock | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1,903 | ) | | — | | | (1,903 | ) |
Balance at March 31, 2011 | $ | 3,000 | | | $ | 130,606 | | | $ | 54,194 | | | $ | 1,002,292 | | | $ | 90 | | | $ | 1,190,182 | |
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(a) | All activity for the periods shown relates to Class A Common Stock. |
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(b) | Comprehensive income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. aggregated $40,792 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and $101,239 for the 2010 period. |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
Operating activities | | | |
Net income | $ | 26,491 | | | $ | 18,007 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | |
Interest credited/index credits to account balances, excluding deferred sales inducements | 111,326 | | | 108,019 | |
Charges for mortality, surrenders and administration | (28,808 | ) | | (28,221 | ) |
Net realized losses on investments | 7,940 | | | 3,293 | |
Change in fair value of derivatives | (18,103 | ) | | 7,943 | |
Increase in traditional life and accident and health benefit accruals | 8,361 | | | 11,530 | |
Deferral of policy acquisition costs | (36,616 | ) | | (18,819 | ) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements and value of insurance in force | 43,891 | | | 25,744 | |
Change in reinsurance recoverable | (2,135 | ) | | (1,399 | ) |
Provision for deferred income taxes | (3,433 | ) | | 1,004 | |
Other | (10,809 | ) | | 4,080 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 98,105 | | | 131,181 | |
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Investing activities | | | |
Sales, maturities or repayments: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale | 287,393 | | | 175,854 | |
Mortgage loans | 21,570 | | | 11,903 | |
Derivative instruments | 45,064 | | | 16,678 | |
Policy loans | 11,038 | | | 11,014 | |
Securities and indebtedness of related parties | — | | | 169 | |
Acquisitions: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale | (565,554 | ) | | (375,586 | ) |
Equity securities - available for sale | (247 | ) | | (7,854 | ) |
Mortgage loans | (17,050 | ) | | (2,700 | ) |
Derivative instruments | (12,318 | ) | | (13,437 | ) |
Policy loans | (10,193 | ) | | (10,313 | ) |
Securities and indebtedness of related parties | (5,223 | ) | | — | |
Short-term investments, net change | 156,716 | | | (15,101 | ) |
Disposals of property and equipment, net | (1,565 | ) | | (449 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (90,369 | ) | | (209,822 | ) |
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
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| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
Financing activities | | | |
Contract holder account deposits | $ | 393,377 | | | $ | 380,478 | |
Contract holder account withdrawals | (290,651 | ) | | (268,284 | ) |
Receipts related to noncontrolling interests, net | — | | | 22 | |
Excess tax deductions on stock-based compensation | 223 | | | 581 | |
Issuance of common stock | 3,456 | | | 762 | |
Dividends paid | (1,941 | ) | | (1,922 | ) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 104,464 | | | 111,637 | |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 112,200 | | | 32,996 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 4,794 | | | 11,690 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 116,994 | | | $ | 44,686 | |
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Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information | | | |
Cash paid (received) during the period for: | | | |
Interest | $ | 6,463 | | | $ | 6,463 | |
Income taxes | (10,431 | ) | | (3,893 | ) |
Non-cash operating activity: | | | |
Deferral of sales inducements | 13,463 | | | 2,978 | |
See accompanying notes.
FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
March 31, 2011
1. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of FBL Financial Group, Inc. (we or the Company) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Our financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations.
Operating results for the three month period ended March 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2011. We encourage you to refer to our consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2010 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete description of our material accounting policies. Also included in the Form 10-K is a description of areas of judgments and estimates and other information necessary to understand our financial position and results of operations.
Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Effective January 1, 2011, we adopted guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) which required expanded disclosures within Note 4, "Fair Value," of the purchases, sales, issuances and settlements of Level 3 financial instruments. Other than the expansion of disclosures, the adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Effective January 1, 2011, we adopted guidance issued by the FASB which clarified that investments held within the separate accounts of an insurance entity should not be combined with the insurer's general account interest in the same investments when determining whether consolidation is required, unless the separate account interests are held for the benefit of a related party. The adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Effective January 1, 2011, we adopted guidance issued by the FASB which modified the goodwill impairment test. Testing for goodwill impairment is a two-step process. When a goodwill impairment test is performed, we must assess whether the carrying amount of our reporting unit exceeds its fair value (Step 1). If it does, we must perform an additional test to determine whether goodwill has been impaired and to calculate the amount of that impairment (Step 2). This guidance modified Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units that have zero or negative carrying amounts. If the result of Step 1 does not indicate that a goodwill impairment exists, but our reporting units have zero or negative carrying values, this guidance requires us to perform Step 2 if it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. The adoption of this guidance had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Future Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2011, the FASB issued guidance related to the determination of whether a mortgage loan modification is a troubled debt restructuring. Under this guidance, if a restructuring constitutes a concession and the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties, a troubled debt restructuring has occurred. This guidance is effective on July 1, 2011 and will require retrospective application to any restructuring activities occurring since January 1, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2010, the FASB issued guidance related to accounting for costs associated with acquiring or renewing insurance contracts. The guidance defines allowable deferred acquisition costs as the incremental direct cost of contract acquisition and certain costs related directly to underwriting, policy issuance and processing. This guidance also allows for the deferral of advertising costs if 1) the primary purpose of the advertising is to elicit to customers who could be shown to have responded specifically to the advertising, and 2) the direct-response advertising results in probable future benefits. This guidance will be effective on January 1, 2012, with early adoption permitted. Companies may choose to apply the new guidance either prospectively or retrospectively. We plan to retrospectively adopt this guidance on January 1, 2012. This guidance is a significant change to current industry practice. We have not completed our evaluation of the new standard, however, adoption will likely result in a significant reduction to deferred policy acquisition costs and future related deferrals and amortization.
2. Investment Operations
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities
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Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities by Investment Category |
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| March 31, 2011 |
| Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses (1) | | Estimated Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | |
Corporate (2) | $ | 5,425,881 | | | $ | 345,777 | | | $ | (62,673 | ) | | $ | 5,708,985 | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 1,942,305 | | | 64,324 | | | (32,846 | ) | | 1,973,783 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed (3) | 1,065,345 | | | 48,666 | | | (49,739 | ) | | 1,064,272 | |
Other asset-backed | 547,579 | | | 5,686 | | | (50,504 | ) | | 502,761 | |
Collateralized debt obligation | 3,127 | | | — | | | — | | | 3,127 | |
United States Government and agencies | 123,655 | | | 6,148 | | | (2,831 | ) | | 126,972 | |
State, municipal and other governments (3) | 2,121,531 | | | 27,032 | | | (69,464 | ) | | 2,079,099 | |
Total fixed maturity securities | $ | 11,229,423 | | | $ | 497,633 | | | $ | (268,057 | ) | | $ | 11,458,999 | |
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Equity securities: | | | | | | | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | $ | 40,649 | | | $ | 2,871 | | | $ | (916 | ) | | $ | 42,604 | |
Common stocks | 37,287 | | | 726 | | | (4 | ) | | 38,009 | |
Total equity securities | $ | 77,936 | | | $ | 3,597 | | | $ | (920 | ) | | $ | 80,613 | |
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| December 31, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses (1) | | Estimated Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | |
Corporate (2) | $ | 5,216,022 | | | $ | 347,490 | | | $ | (94,313 | ) | | $ | 5,469,199 | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 1,961,458 | | | 57,313 | | | (49,533 | ) | | 1,969,238 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed (3) | 1,034,478 | | | 54,158 | | | (57,574 | ) | | 1,031,062 | |
Other asset-backed | 535,844 | | | 5,178 | | | (60,553 | ) | | 480,469 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 2,745 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,745 | |
United States Government and agencies | 127,251 | | | 7,059 | | | (225 | ) | | 134,085 | |
State, municipal and other governments (3) | 2,096,532 | | | 21,121 | | | (75,927 | ) | | 2,041,726 | |
Total fixed maturity securities | $ | 10,974,330 | | | $ | 492,319 | | | $ | (338,125 | ) | | $ | 11,128,524 | |
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Equity securities: | | | | | | | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | $ | 40,649 | | | $ | 2,403 | | | $ | (2,031 | ) | | $ | 41,021 | |
Common stocks | 37,040 | | | 595 | | | — | | | 37,635 | |
Total equity securities | $ | 77,689 | | | $ | 2,998 | | | $ | (2,031 | ) | | $ | 78,656 | |
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(1) | Gross unrealized losses include non-credit losses on other-than-temporarily impaired corporate securities totaling $15.5 million at March 31, 2011 and $20.5 million at December 31, 2010, other asset-backed securities totaling $32.3 million at March 31, 2011 and $33.4 million at December 31, 2010, and residential mortgage-backed securities totaling $10.5 million at March 31, 2011 and $12.4 million at December 31, 2010. |
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(2) | Corporate securities include certain hybrid preferred securities with a carrying value of $246.7 million at March 31, 2011 and $239.8 million at December 31, 2010. Corporate securities also include redeemable preferred stock with a carrying value of $5.1 million at March 31, 2011 and $5.2 million at December 31, 2010. |
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(3) | Military housing fixed maturity securities with characteristics similar to commercial mortgage-backed securities and an estimated fair value of $215.2 million were reclassified as such during the first quarter 2011. These securities were previously included within the state, municipal and other governments category at December 31, 2010. Prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. This classification change only impacts our notes to the consolidated financial statements. |
Short-term investments have been excluded from the above schedules as amortized cost approximates fair value for these securities.
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Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities by Maturity Date | | | |
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| March 31, 2011 |
| Amortized Cost | | Estimated Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Due in one year or less | $ | 153,158 | | | $ | 156,941 | |
Due after one year through five years | 1,331,166 | | | 1,416,862 | |
Due after five years through ten years | 2,385,866 | | | 2,564,998 | |
Due after ten years | 3,804,004 | | | 3,779,382 | |
| 7,674,194 | | | 7,918,183 | |
Mortgage-backed and other asset-backed | 3,555,229 | | | 3,540,816 | |
Total fixed maturity securities | $ | 11,229,423 | | | $ | 11,458,999 | |
Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Fixed maturity securities not due at a single maturity date have been included in the above table in the year of final contractual maturity.
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Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
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| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale | $ | 229,576 | | | $ | 154,194 | |
Equity securities - available for sale | 2,677 | | | 967 | |
Interest rate swaps | (61 | ) | | (121 | ) |
| 232,192 | | | 155,040 | |
Adjustments for assumed changes in amortization pattern of: | | | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | (130,595 | ) | | (90,704 | ) |
Deferred sales inducements | (12,122 | ) | | 1,297 | |
Value of insurance in force acquired | (8,133 | ) | | (5,697 | ) |
Unearned revenue reserve | 1,876 | | | 1,283 | |
Provision for deferred income taxes | (29,115 | ) | | (21,414 | ) |
| 54,103 | | | 39,805 | |
Proportionate share of net unrealized investment losses of equity investees | (8 | ) | | (14 | ) |
Net unrealized investment gains | $ | 54,095 | | | $ | 39,791 | |
The changes in net unrealized investment gains and losses are recorded net of deferred income taxes and other adjustments for assumed changes in the amortization pattern of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, value of
insurance in force acquired and unearned revenue reserve totaling $62.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and $173.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Subsequent changes in fair value of securities for which a previous non-credit other-than-temporary impairment loss was recognized in other comprehensive income are reported along with changes in fair value for which no other-than-temporary impairment losses were previously recognized.
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Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities with Unrealized Losses by Length of Time |
| | |
| | March 31, 2011 |
| | Less than one year | | One year or more | | Total |
Description of Securities | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate | | $ | 450,738 | | | $ | (12,534 | ) | | $ | 552,890 | | | $ | (50,139 | ) | | $ | 1,003,628 | | | $ | (62,673 | ) |
Residential mortgage-backed | | 90,193 | | | (658 | ) | | 204,197 | | | (32,188 | ) | | 294,390 | | | (32,846 | ) |
Commercial mortgage-backed | | 40,255 | | | (786 | ) | | 282,920 | | | (48,953 | ) | | 323,175 | | | (49,739 | ) |
Other asset-backed | | 91,331 | | | (627 | ) | | 107,461 | | | (49,877 | ) | | 198,792 | | | (50,504 | ) |
Unites States Government and agencies | | 55,346 | | | (2,831 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 55,346 | | | (2,831 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | | 693,467 | | | (21,387 | ) | | 327,929 | | | (48,077 | ) | | 1,021,396 | | | (69,464 | ) |
Total fixed maturity securities | | $ | 1,421,330 | | | $ | (38,823 | ) | | $ | 1,475,397 | | | $ | (229,234 | ) | | $ | 2,896,727 | | | $ | (268,057 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 19,084 | | | $ | (916 | ) | | $ | 19,084 | | | $ | (916 | ) |
Common stock | | 20 | | | (4 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 20 | | | (4 | ) |
Total equities securities | | $ | 20 | | | $ | (4 | ) | | $ | 19,084 | | | $ | (916 | ) | | $ | 19,104 | | | $ | (920 | ) |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2010 |
| | Less than one year | | One year or more | | Total |
Description of Securities | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate | | $ | 404,154 | | | $ | (15,847 | ) | | $ | 607,032 | | | $ | (78,466 | ) | | $ | 1,011,186 | | | $ | (94,313 | ) |
Residential mortgage-backed | | 70,706 | | | (793 | ) | | 395,140 | | | (48,740 | ) | | 465,846 | | | (49,533 | ) |
Commercial mortgage-backed | | 31,012 | | | (379 | ) | | 324,170 | | | (57,195 | ) | | 355,182 | | | (57,574 | ) |
Other asset-backed | | 90,806 | | | (529 | ) | | 100,358 | | | (60,024 | ) | | 191,164 | | | (60,553 | ) |
Unites States Government and agencies | | 40,787 | | | (225 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 40,787 | | | (225 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | | 808,147 | | | (25,364 | ) | | 328,678 | | | (50,563 | ) | | 1,136,825 | | | (75,927 | ) |
Total fixed maturity securities | | $ | 1,445,612 | | | $ | (43,137 | ) | | $ | 1,755,378 | | | $ | (294,988 | ) | | $ | 3,200,990 | | | $ | (338,125 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 17,969 | | | $ | (2,031 | ) | | $ | 17,969 | | | $ | (2,031 | ) |
Total equity securities | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 17,969 | | | $ | (2,031 | ) | | $ | 17,969 | | | $ | (2,031 | ) |
Included in the above tables are 587 securities from 451 issuers at March 31, 2011 and 625 securities from 478 issuers at December 31, 2010. The unrealized losses in fixed maturity securities are primarily due to wider spreads between the risk-free and corporate and other bond yields relative to the spreads when the securities were purchased. Because we do not intend to sell or believe we will be required to sell these fixed maturity investments before their anticipated recovery of amortized cost, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2011. The following summarizes the more significant unrealized losses of fixed maturity investments by investment category as of March 31, 2011.
Corporate securities: The unrealized losses on corporate securities represent 23.4% of our total unrealized losses. The largest losses remain in the finance sector ($430.9 million carrying value and $31.9 million unrealized loss). The largest unrealized
losses in the finance sector were in the banking ($270.2 million carrying value and $22.4 million unrealized loss) and the life insurance ($60.9 million carrying value and $4.5 million unrealized loss) sub-sectors. The unrealized losses across the finance sector are primarily attributable to a general widening in spread levels relative to the spreads at which we acquired the securities. Finance sector spreads have narrowed but remain historically wide in comparison to the narrowing experienced in the remaining sectors, contributing to the proportionately larger amount of unrealized losses for this sector.
The other corporate sectors containing our largest unrealized losses are utilities ($153.9 million carrying value and $8.0 million unrealized loss), basic industrial ($89.3 million carrying value and $6.1 million unrealized loss) and energy ($138.7 million carrying value and $5.8 million unrealized loss). The unrealized losses in these sectors are due to spread widening among several issuers that continue to experience a challenging operating environment, as well as a general increase in overall market yields for other issuers in these sectors.
Residential mortgage-backed securities: The unrealized losses on residential mortgage-backed securities represent 12.3% of our total unrealized losses, and were caused primarily by continued uncertainty regarding mortgage defaults on Alt-A loans. We purchased most of these investments at a discount to their face amount and the contractual cash flows of these investments are based on mortgages and other assets backing the securities.
Commercial mortgage-backed securities: The unrealized losses on commercial mortgage-backed securities represent 18.6% of our total unrealized losses, and were caused primarily by spread widening and industry concerns regarding the potential for future commercial mortgage defaults. There were also concerns regarding current and future downgrades by the three major rating agencies for tranches below the super senior AAA level. The contractual cash flows of these investments are based on mortgages backing the securities.
Other asset-backed securities: The unrealized losses on other asset-backed securities represent 18.8% of our total unrealized losses, and were caused primarily by concerns regarding defaults on subprime mortgages and home equity loans. We purchased most of these investments at a discount to their face amount and the contractual cash flows of these investments are based on mortgages and other assets backing the securities.
State, municipal and other governments: The unrealized losses on state, municipal and other governments represent 25.9% of our total unrealized losses, and were primarily caused by general spread widening, the lack of printed underlying ratings on insured bonds and the market's uncertainty around the recent recession's impact on municipalities' income. The decline in fair value is primarily attributable to increased spreads and market concerns regarding the sector, in general, rather than the financial strength of specific issuers.
Equity securities: We had $0.9 million of gross unrealized losses on investment grade non-redeemable perpetual preferred securities within the financial sector at March 31, 2011. These securities provide periodic cash flows, contain call features and are similarly rated and priced like other long-term callable bonds and are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment similar to fixed maturity securities. The decline in fair value is primarily attributable to market concerns regarding the sector. With respect to common stock holdings, we consider in our other-than-temporary impairment analysis our intent and ability to hold a particular equity security for a period of time sufficient to allow for the recovery of its value to an amount equal to or greater than cost. Based upon this evaluation, it was determined that we have the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value.
Excluding mortgage and asset-backed securities, no securities from the same issuer had an aggregate unrealized loss in excess of $3.6 million at March 31, 2011. The $3.6 million unrealized loss is from taxable municipal bonds. With respect to mortgage and asset-backed securities not backed by the United States Government, no securities from the same issuer had an aggregate unrealized loss in excess of $18.1 million at March 31, 2011. The $18.1 million unrealized loss from one issuer relates to six different securities that are backed by different pools of Alt-A residential mortgage loans. Two of the six securities are rated investment grade and the largest unrealized loss totaled $4.6 million.
The carrying values of all our investments are reviewed on an ongoing basis for credit deterioration. When our review indicates a decline in fair value for a fixed maturity security is other than temporary and we do not intend to sell or believe we will be required to sell the security before recovery of our amortized cost, a specific write down is charged to earnings for the credit loss and a specific charge is recognized in other comprehensive income for the non-credit loss component. If we intend to sell or believe we will be required to sell a fixed maturity security before its recovery, the full amount of the impairment write down to fair value is charged to earnings. For equity securities, the full amount of an other-than-temporary impairment write down is recognized as a realized loss on investments in the statements of operations and the new cost basis for the security is equal to its fair value.
We monitor the financial condition and operations of the issuers of fixed maturity and equity securities that could potentially have a credit impairment that is other than temporary. In determining whether or not an unrealized loss is other than temporary, we review factors such as:
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| |
• | historical operating trends; |
• | business prospects; |
• | status of the industry in which the company operates; |
• | analyst ratings on the issuer and sector; |
• | quality of management; |
• | level of current market interest rates compared to market interest rates when the security was purchased; |
• | length of time the security has been in an unrealized loss position; |
• | for fixed maturity securities, our intent to sell and whether it is more likely than not that we would be required to sell prior to recovery; and |
• | for equity securities, our ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time that allows for the recovery in value. |
In order to determine the credit and non-credit impairment loss for a fixed maturity security, every quarter we estimate the future cash flows we expect to receive over the remaining life of the instrument as well as our plans to hold or sell the instrument. Significant assumptions regarding the present value of expected cash flows for each security are used when an other-than-temporary impairment occurs and there is a non-credit portion of the unrealized loss that won't be recognized in earnings. Our assumptions for residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities include collateral pledged, anticipated principal and interest payments, prepayments, default levels, severity assumptions, delinquency rates and the level of nonperforming assets for the remainder of the investments' expected term. We use a single best estimate of cash flows approach and use the effective yield prior to the date of impairment to calculate the present value of cash flows. Our assumptions for corporate and other fixed maturity securities include anticipated principal and interest payments and an estimated recovery value, generally based on a percentage return of the current market value.
After an other-than-temporary write down of all equity securities and any fixed maturity securities with a credit-only impairment, the cost basis is not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value. For fixed maturity securities for which we can reasonably estimate future cash flows after a write down, the discount or reduced premium recorded, based on the new cost basis, is amortized over the remaining life of the security. Amortization in this instance is computed using the prospective method and the current estimate of the amount and timing of future cash flows.
Credit Loss Component of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments on Fixed Maturity Securities
The following table sets forth the amount of credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities we held as of the dates indicated for which a portion of the other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in other comprehensive income and corresponding changes in such amounts.
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| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | (54,710 | ) | | $ | (72,388 | ) |
Increases for which an impairment was not previously recognized | — | | | (6,548 | ) |
Increases to previously impaired investments | (912 | ) | | (1,374 | ) |
Reductions for credit losses previously recognized due to inability to hold investments | 2,864 | | | — | |
Reductions due to investments sold | 382 | | | 10,326 | |
Balance at end of period | $ | (52,376 | ) | | $ | (69,984 | ) |
In addition to the other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized above, we also incurred other-than-temporary impairment losses on fixed maturity securities not previously impaired, which based on decline in credit quality or other circumstances changed our intent to retain the securities. Other-than-temporary impairment losses of $11.4 million for the period ended March 31, 2011 and $0.1 million for the period ended March 31, 2010 were recognized on these securities.
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Realized Gains (Losses) - Recorded in Income | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Realized gains (losses) on sales of investments | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale: | | | |
Gross gains | $ | 4,519 | | | $ | 5,057 | |
Gross losses | (146 | ) | | (70 | ) |
Real estate | — | | | (274 | ) |
Securities and indebtedness of related parties | 11 | | | 16 | |
Net impairment loss recognized in earnings | (12,324 | ) | | (8,022 | ) |
Realized gains (losses) on investments recorded in income | $ | (7,940 | ) | | $ | (3,293 | ) |
Proceeds from sales of fixed maturity securities available for sale totaled $47.2 million at March 31, 2011 and $90.2 million at March 31, 2010.
Realized losses on sales were on securities that we did not intend to sell at the prior balance sheet date or on securities that were impaired at the prior quarter end, but decreased in value during the quarter. Realized gains and losses on sales of investments are determined on the basis of specific identification.
Mortgage Loans
Our mortgage loan portfolio consists principally of commercial mortgage loans that we have originated. Our lending policies require that the loans be collateralized by the value of the related property, establish limits on the amount that can be loaned to one borrower and require diversification by geographic location and collateral type. We ensure an initial loan-to-value ratio that provides sufficient excess collateral to absorb losses should we be required to foreclose and take possession of the collateral. In order to identify impairment losses timely, management maintains and reviews a watch list of mortgage loans that have heightened risk. These loans may include those with: borrowers delinquent on contractual payments, borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, increases in rental real estate vacancies and significant declines in collateral value. We evaluate each of our mortgage loans individually and establish an allowance as needed for possible losses against our mortgage loan portfolio. An allowance is needed for loans in which we do not believe we will collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the respective loan agreements.
Any loans delinquent on contractual payments are considered non-performing. Non-performing loans totaled $16.7 million at March 31, 2011 and $16.8 million at December 31, 2010. At March 31, 2011, there were two non-performing loans over 90 days past due on contractual payments with a carrying value of $16.7 million. At December 31, 2010, there was one non-performing loan less than 90 days past due on contractual payments with a carrying value of $14.9 million and one non-performing loan over 90 days past due on contractual payments with a carrying value of $1.9 million. We discontinued the accrual of interest on the $1.9 million loan over 90 day past due at both March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. We continued to accrue for the other non-performing loan as we believe that we will collect all of the amounts due.
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Mortgage Loans by Collateral Type | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
Collateral Type | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Retail | | $ | 438,235 | | | 35.1 | % | | $ | 441,181 | | | 35.2 | % |
Office | | 401,867 | | | 32.1 | | | 395,648 | | | 31.5 | |
Industrial | | 374,661 | | | 30.0 | | | 384,481 | | | 30.6 | |
Other | | 35,142 | | | 2.8 | | | 33,127 | | | 2.7 | |
Total | | $ | 1,249,905 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,254,437 | | | 100.0 | % |
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Mortgage Loans by Geographic Location within the United States | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
Region of the United States | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
South Atlantic | | $ | 348,232 | | | 28.0 | % | | $ | 344,580 | | | 27.5 | % |
Pacific | | 236,322 | | | 18.9 | | | 238,516 | | | 19.0 | |
East North Central | | 232,966 | | | 18.6 | | | 235,179 | | | 18.7 | |
West North Central | | 153,856 | | | 12.3 | | | 156,797 | | | 12.5 | |
Mountain | | 104,274 | | | 8.3 | | | 103,290 | | | 8.2 | |
West South Central | | 60,113 | | | 4.8 | | | 61,064 | | | 4.9 | |
Other | | 114,142 | | | 9.1 | | | 115,011 | | | 9.2 | |
Total | | $ | 1,249,905 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,254,437 | | | 100.0 | % |
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Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value Ratio (1) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
0% - 50% | $ | 386,623 | | | 30.9 | % | | $ | 383,513 | | | 30.6 | % |
51% - 60% | 313,472 | | | 25.1 | | | 316,625 | | | 25.2 | |
61% - 70% | 429,762 | | | 34.4 | | | 422,042 | | | 33.6 | |
71% - 80% | 102,621 | | | 8.2 | | | 117,573 | | | 9.4 | |
81% - 90% | 17,427 | | | 1.4 | | | 14,684 | | | 1.2 | |
Total | $ | 1,249,905 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,254,437 | | | 100.0 | % |
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(1 | ) | Loan-to-value ratio using most recent appraised value. Appraisals are updated periodically including when there is indication of a possible significant collateral decline or loan modification and refinance requests. |
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Mortgage Loans by Year of Origination | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2011 | $ | 17,050 | | | 1.4 | % | | $ | — | | | — | % |
2010 | 33,734 | | | 2.7 | | | 39,843 | | | 3.2 | |
2008 | 195,904 | | | 15.7 | | | 197,106 | | | 15.7 | |
2007 | 267,892 | | | 21.4 | | | 271,506 | | | 21.6 | |
2006 and prior | 735,325 | | | 58.8 | | | 745,982 | | | 59.5 | |
Total | $ | 1,249,905 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,254,437 | | | 100.0 | % |
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Impaired Mortgage Loans |
| |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Unpaid principal balance | $ | 8,053 | | | $ | 8,060 | |
Related allowance | (1,759 | ) | | (1,759 | ) |
Recorded investment | $ | 6,294 | | | $ | 6,301 | |
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Allowance on Mortgage Loans |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 1,759 | | | $ | 725 | |
Allowances established | — | | | — | |
Charge offs | — | | | — | |
Balance at end of period | $ | 1,759 | | | $ | 725 | |
Variable Interest Entities
When evaluating our VIE investments, we consider our contractual rights or obligations to the entity, and our ability to direct its operations to determine whether we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and accordingly required to consolidate the entity. We determined we were not the primary beneficiary of any of the VIEs in which we had an ownership interest during 2011 or 2010. Our investment in VIEs and exposure to loss is summarized below.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Carrying Value | | Maximum Exposure to Loss | | Carrying Value | | Maximum Exposure to Loss |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Commercial real estate project | $ | 700 | | | $ | 700 | | | $ | 2,000 | | | $ | 2,000 | |
Real estate limited partnerships | 17,951 | | | 17,951 | | | 16,900 | | | 16,900 | |
Total | $ | 18,651 | | | $ | 18,651 | | | $ | 18,900 | | | $ | 18,900 | |
We may make commitments to fund partnership investments in the normal course of business. Excluding these commitments, we did not provide financial or other support to investees designated as VIE's during 2011 or 2010.
Other
At March 31, 2011, we had committed to provide additional funding for mortgage loans on real estate totaling $19.8 million. These commitments arose in the normal course of business at terms that are comparable to similar investments.
At March 31, 2011, we had committed to provide additional funds for investments in limited partnerships. The amounts of these unfunded commitments totaled $43.6 million.
3. Derivative Instruments
We have entered into an interest rate swap to manage interest rate risk associated with a portion of our flexible premium deferred annuity contracts. Under the interest rate swap, we pay a fixed rate of interest and receive a floating rate of interest on a notional amount which totaled $50.0 million at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. This interest rate swap effectively fixes the interest crediting rate on a portion of our flexible premium deferred annuity contract liabilities, thereby hedging our exposure to increases in market interest rates, but is not accounted for as an effective hedge as the only permitted benchmarks for cash flow hedges are the risk-free rate and rates based on the LIBOR swap curve. The interest rate settlements decreased derivative income $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2011 and 2010. The change in unrealized loss increased derivative income $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2011 and $0.3 million in the 2010 period.
We also had one interest rate swap that we entered into to hedge the variable component of the interest rate on a $46.0 million line of credit borrowing that expired on October 7, 2010. The terms of this instrument provided that we pay a fixed rate of interest and receive a floating rate of interest on a notional amount of $46.0 million. In the first quarter of 2010, derivative income decreased $0.5 million from interest rate settlements and increased $0.5 million from the change in unrealized loss on this swap.
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Summary of Swaps | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Carrying and Fair Value |
Maturity Date | | Notional Amount | | Receive Rate | | Pay Rate | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| | | | | | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
6/1/2011 | | $ | 50,000 | | | 1 month LIBOR* | | 5.519 | % | | $ | (438 | ) | | $ | (1,088 | ) |
* London Interbank Offered Rate
When applicable, we formally document hedging relationships, our risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking these transactions. We also test for hedge ineffectiveness at inception of the hedge and at each reporting period as needed. There were no derivative instruments designated as hedges at March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.
We write index annuities directly and assume index annuity business under a coinsurance agreement. Index annuities guarantee the return of principal to the contract holder and credit amounts based on a percentage of the gain in a specified market index. Most of the premium received is invested in investment grade fixed income securities and a portion of the premium received from the contract holder is used to purchase derivatives consisting of one-year or two-year call options on the applicable market indices to fund the index credits due to the index annuity contract holders. On the respective anniversary dates of the index annuity contracts, the market index used to compute the index credits is reset and new call options are purchased to fund the next index credit. Although the call options are designed to be effective hedges from an economic standpoint, they do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment under GAAP. Therefore, the change in fair value of the options is recognized in earnings in the period of change. The cost of the options can be managed through the terms of the index annuities, which permit changes to participation rates, asset fees and/or caps, subject to guaranteed minimums.
We held call options relating to our direct business, net of collateral received for counterparty credit risk, with a fair value of $40.9 million at March 31, 2011 and $40.7 million at December 31, 2010. Our share of call options assumed, which is recorded as an embedded derivative in reinsurance recoverable, totaled $29.5 million at March 31, 2011 and $25.1 million at December 31, 2010. Derivative income includes $36.0 million for the first quarter of 2011 and $23.0 million for the 2010 period relating to call option proceeds and changes in fair value.
At March 31, 2011, we had master netting agreements with counterparties covering cash collateral payable totaling $111.1 million and cash collateral receivable totaling $1.3 million. At December 31, 2010, we had master netting agreements with counterparties covering cash collateral payable totaling $97.0 million and cash collateral receivable totaling $1.3 million. Any excess collateral that remains after netting these amounts with derivative assets and liabilities is included in other assets or other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. We did not have any excess collateral or off-balance sheet collateral at March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.
The reserve for index annuity contracts includes a series of embedded derivatives that represent the contract holder's right to participate in index returns over the expected lives of the applicable contracts. The reserve includes the value of the embedded forward options despite the fact that call options are not purchased for a period longer than the period of time to the next index reset date. The change in the value of this embedded derivative is reported on a separate line in the consolidated statements of operations and totaled ($1.5) million for the first quarter of 2011 and $26.1 million for the 2010 period.
We have modified coinsurance agreements where interest on funds withheld is determined by reference to a pool of fixed maturity securities. These arrangements contain embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation. Embedded derivatives in these contracts are recorded at fair value at each balance sheet date and changes in the fair values of the derivatives are recorded as derivative income or loss. The fair value of the embedded derivatives pertaining to funds withheld on variable business assumed by us totaled $1.9 million at March 31, 2011 and $2.7 million at December 31, 2010, and the fair value of the embedded derivatives pertaining to funds withheld on business ceded by us was less than ($0.1) million at March 31, 2011 and ($0.1) million at December 31, 2010. Our modified coinsurance contracts decreased derivative income $0.8 million for the first quarter of 2011 and $0.3 million for the 2010 period.
We own a collateralized debt obligation that contains an embedded credit derivative. The change in market value of the security is being recognized in derivative income since adoption of new accounting guidance effective July 1, 2010. Derivative income was increased by $0.4 million during the first three months of 2011 as a result of an increase in the market value of this security since December 31, 2010.
4. Fair Values
Fair value is based on an exit price, which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP also establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of instrument and the characteristics specific to the instrument. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices or those for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. For some investments, little market activity may exist and management's determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate management's own assumptions of what a market participant would consider for the fair value, which involves a significant degree of judgment.
Certain market sectors remain somewhat dislocated following periods of volatile and illiquid market conditions over the past two years, increasing the difficulty in valuing certain instruments, as trading has been less frequent and/or market data less observable. As a result, certain valuations require greater estimation and judgment as well as more complex valuation methods. These values may not ultimately be realizable in a market transaction, and such values may change rapidly as market conditions change and valuation assumptions are modified.
We used the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of our financial instruments.
Fixed maturity securities: Fair values of fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices in active markets when available. For those securities where no active market prices are available, we use the Level 2 or 3 valuation methodologies described below.
Equity securities: Fair values for equity securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. For equity securities that are not actively traded, estimated fair values are based on values of comparable issues.
Mortgage loans: Fair values are estimated by discounting expected cash flows of each loan at an interest rate equal to a spread above the U.S. Treasury bond yield that corresponds to the loan's expected life. These spreads are based on overall market pricing of commercial mortgage loans at the time of valuation. The fair value of mortgage loans may also be based on the fair value of the underlying real estate collateral, which uses appraised values.
Derivative instruments: Fair values for call options are based on counterparty market prices adjusted for a credit component of the counterparty, net of collateral received. Prices are verified internally using analytical tools.
Policy loans: Fair values are estimated by discounting expected cash flows using a risk-free interest rate based on the U.S. Treasury curve.
Cash and short-term investments: Amounts are reported at historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums or accrual of discounts, as applicable, which approximates the fair values due to the nature of these assets.
Reinsurance recoverable: The fair value of our portion of the call options used to fund index credits on the index annuities assumed from a reinsurer is determined using quoted market prices, less an adjustment for credit risk. Fair values for the embedded derivatives in our modified coinsurance contracts under which we cede or assume business are based on the difference between the fair value and the cost basis of the underlying fixed maturity securities. We are not required to estimate fair value for the remainder of the reinsurance recoverable balance.
Assets held in separate accounts: Fair values are based on quoted net asset values of the underlying mutual funds.
Future policy benefits, supplemental contracts without life contingencies and advance premiums and other deposits: Fair values of our liabilities under contracts not involving significant mortality or morbidity risks (principally deferred annuities, deposit administration funds, funding agreements and supplementary contracts) are estimated using one of two methods. For contracts with known maturities and index annuity embedded derivatives, fair value is determined using discounted cash flow valuation techniques based on current interest rates adjusted to reflect our credit risk and an additional provision for adverse deviation. For deposit liabilities with no defined maturities, fair value is the amount payable on demand. We are not required to estimate the fair value of our liabilities under other insurance contracts.
Short-term and long-term debt: Fair values are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis based on our current incremental
borrowing rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements adjusted, as needed, to reflect our credit risk.
Other liabilities: Fair values for interest rate swaps are based on counterparty market prices adjusted for a credit component of the counterparty, net of collateral paid. Prices are verified internally using analytical tools. Other liabilities also include the embedded derivatives in our modified coinsurance contracts under which we cede business. Fair values of these derivatives are based on the difference between the fair value and the cost basis of the underlying fixed maturity securities. We are not required to estimate fair values for the remainder of the other liabilities balances.
Liabilities related to separate accounts: Fair values are based on cash surrender value, the cost we would incur to extinguish the liability.
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Fair Values and Carrying Values |
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| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Carrying Value | | Fair Value | | Carrying Value | | Fair Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale | $ | 11,458,999 | | | $ | 11,458,999 | | | $ | 11,128,524 | | | $ | 11,128,524 | |
Equity securities - available for sale | 80,613 | | | 80,613 | | | 78,656 | | | 78,656 | |
Mortgage loans | 1,249,905 | | | 1,296,846 | | | 1,254,437 | | | 1,301,340 | |
Derivative instruments | 40,924 | | | 40,924 | | | 40,729 | | | 40,729 | |
Policy loans | 169,498 | | | 205,856 | | | 170,341 | | | 209,912 | |
Cash and short-term investments | 343,647 | | | 343,647 | | | 388,163 | | | 388,163 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | 31,416 | | | 31,416 | | | 27,788 | | | 27,788 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 774,774 | | | 774,774 | | | 753,050 | | | 753,050 | |
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Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Future policy benefits | $ | 10,081,001 | | | $ | 9,208,435 | | | $ | 9,882,400 | | | $ | 9,070,167 | |
Supplemental contracts without life contingencies | 499,827 | | | 445,334 | | | 506,167 | | | 457,350 | |
Advance premiums and other deposits | 185,066 | | | 185,066 | | | 178,575 | | | 178,575 | |
Short-term debt | 100,000 | | | 103,160 | | | 100,000 | | | 104,070 | |
Long-term debt | 271,191 | | | 231,248 | | | 271,168 | | | 222,375 | |
Other liabilities | 509 | | | 509 | | | 1,172 | | | 1,172 | |
Liabilities related to separate accounts | 774,774 | | | 757,947 | | | 753,050 | | | 735,678 | |
Assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories.
Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments included in Level 1 are listed equities, mutual funds, money market funds, non-interest bearing cash and U.S. Treasury securities.
Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methods. Financial instruments in this category include fixed maturity securities (including public and private bonds), less liquid and restricted equity securities and over-the-counter derivatives that are priced by third-party pricing services or internal systems using observable inputs.
Fair values of all Level 2 fixed maturity public securities are obtained primarily from a variety of independent pricing sources, whose results we evaluate internally. We generally obtain one or two prices per security, which are compared to relevant credit information, perceived market movements and sector news. Market indices of similar rated asset class spreads are consulted for valuations and broker indications of similar securities are compared. If the issuer has had trades in similar debt outstanding but not necessarily the same rank in the capital structure, spread information is used to support fair value. If discrepancies are identified, additional quotes are obtained and the quote that best reflects a fair value exit price at the reporting date is selected. Fair value of most of our private investments are determined using matrix pricing with substantially all observable inputs, such as industry classification, duration and rating.
Level 3 - Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instrument and include situations where there is little, if any, market
activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments in this category include non-binding broker and internally priced mortgage or other asset-backed securities and other publicly traded issues, private corporate securities and index annuity embedded derivatives.
Fair values of private investments in Level 3 are determined by reference to public market, private transactions or valuations for comparable companies or assets in the relevant asset class when such amounts are available. For other securities where an exit price based on relevant observable inputs is not obtained, the fair value is determined using an enhanced matrix calculation.
The matrix pricing we and pricing services perform include a discounted cash flow analysis using a spread, including the specific creditors' credit default swap spread (if available), over U.S. Treasury bond yields, adjusted for the maturity/average life differences. Spread adjustments are intended to reflect an illiquidity premium and take into account a variety of factors including but not limited to: senior unsecured versus secured status, par amount outstanding, number of holders, maturity, average life, composition of lending group and debt rating. These valuation methodologies involve a significant degree of judgment.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, a financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument. From time to time there may be movements between levels as inputs become more or less observable, which may depend on several factors including the activity of the market for the specific security, the activity of the market for similar securities, the level of risk spreads and the source of the information from which we obtain the information. Transfers in or out of any level are measured as of the beginning of the period.
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Valuation of our Financial Instruments Measured on a Recurring Basis by Hierarchy Levels |
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| March 31, 2011 |
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Corporate securities | $ | — | | | $ | 5,520,557 | | | $ | 188,428 | | | $ | 5,708,985 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 1,938,189 | | | 35,594 | | | 1,973,783 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 968,520 | | | 95,752 | | | 1,064,272 | |
Other asset-backed securities | — | | | 395,856 | | | 106,905 | | | 502,761 | |
Collateralized debt obligation | — | | | — | | | 3,127 | | | 3,127 | |
United States Government and agencies | 69,250 | | | 42,554 | | | 15,168 | | | 126,972 | |
State, municipal and other governments | — | | | 2,058,208 | | | 20,891 | | | 2,079,099 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | — | | | 28,553 | | | 14,051 | | | 42,604 | |
Common stocks | 3,352 | | | 34,657 | | | — | | | 38,009 | |
Derivative instruments | — | | | 40,924 | | | — | | | 40,924 | |
Cash and short-term investments | 343,647 | | | — | | | — | | | 343,647 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | — | | | 31,416 | | | — | | | 31,416 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 774,774 | | | — | | | — | | | 774,774 | |
Total assets | $ | 1,191,023 | | | $ | 11,059,434 | | | $ | 479,916 | | | $ | 12,730,373 | |
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Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Future policy benefits - index annuity embedded derivatives | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 603,951 | | | $ | 603,951 | |
Other liabilities | — | | | 509 | | | — | | | 509 | |
Total liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 509 | | | $ | 603,951 | | | $ | 604,460 | |
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| December 31, 2010 |
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Corporate securities | $ | — | | | $ | 5,283,133 | | | $ | 186,066 | | | $ | 5,469,199 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 1,938,537 | | | 30,701 | | | 1,969,238 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 935,145 | | | 95,917 | | | 1,031,062 | |
Other asset-backed securities | — | | | 395,081 | | | 85,388 | | | 480,469 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | — | | | — | | | 2,745 | | | 2,745 | |
United States Government and agencies | 70,588 | | | 48,145 | | | 15,352 | | | 134,085 | |
State, municipal and other governments | — | | | 2,020,898 | | | 20,828 | | | 2,041,726 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | — | | | 28,710 | | | 12,311 | | | 41,021 | |
Common stocks | 3,201 | | | 34,434 | | | — | | | 37,635 | |
Derivative instruments | — | | | 40,729 | | | — | | | 40,729 | |
Cash and short-term investments | 388,163 | | | — | | | — | | | 388,163 | |
Reinsurance recoverable | — | | | 27,788 | | | — | | | 27,788 | |
Assets held in separate accounts | 753,050 | | | — | | | — | | | 753,050 | |
Total assets | $ | 1,215,002 | | | $ | 10,752,600 | | | $ | 449,308 | | | $ | 12,416,910 | |
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Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Future policy benefits - index annuity embedded derivatives | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 567,223 | | | $ | 567,223 | |
Other liabilities | — | | | 1,172 | | | — | | | 1,172 | |
Total liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 1,172 | | | $ | 567,223 | | | $ | 568,395 | |
Approximately 4.1% of the total fixed maturity securities are included in the Level 3 group at March 31, 2011 and 3.9% at December 31, 2010. The fair value of the assets and liabilities above include the financial instruments' nonperformance risk. Nonperformance risk is the risk that the instrument will not be fulfilled and affects the value at which the instrument could be transferred in an orderly transaction. The nonperformance risk for our assets reported at fair value totaled $0.2 million at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. Our nonperformance risk decreased the fair value of our reported liabilities $97.7 million at March 31, 2011 and $99.3 million at December 31, 2010.
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Level 3 Fixed Maturity Securities on a Recurring Basis by Valuation Source |
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| March 31, 2011 |
| Third-party vendors | | Priced internally | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 134,959 | | | $ | 53,469 | | | $ | 188,428 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 35,594 | | | — | | | 35,594 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 95,752 | | | — | | | 95,752 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 106,547 | | | 358 | | | 106,905 | |
Collateralized debt obligation | 3,127 | | | — | | | 3,127 | |
United States Government and agencies | 15,168 | | | — | | | 15,168 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 15,529 | | | 5,362 | | | 20,891 | |
Total | $ | 406,676 | | | $ | 59,189 | | | $ | 465,865 | |
Percent of total | 87.3 | % | | 12.7 | % | | 100.0 | % |
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| December 31, 2010 |
| Third-party vendors | | Priced internally | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 135,318 | | | $ | 50,748 | | | $ | 186,066 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 30,701 | | | — | | | 30,701 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 92,661 | | | 3,256 | | | 95,917 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 85,030 | | | 358 | | | 85,388 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | 2,745 | | | — | | | 2,745 | |
United States Government and agencies | 15,352 | | | — | | | 15,352 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 15,516 | | | 5,312 | | | 20,828 | |
Total | $ | 377,323 | | | $ | 59,674 | | | $ | 436,997 | |
Percent of total | 86.3 | % | | 13.7 | % | | 100.0 | % |
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Level 3 Financial Instruments Changes in Fair Value Recurring Basis - Assets | | | |
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| March 31, 2011 |
| | | | | | | Realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | | | | | |
| Balance, December 31, 2010 | | Purchases | | Disposals | | Included in net income (1) | | Included in other compre-hensive income | | Net transfers in (out) of Level 3 (2) | | Amort-ization included in net income | | Balance, March 31, 2011 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 186,066 | | | $ | 19,863 | | | $ | (2,256 | ) | | $ | (4,000 | ) | | $ | 1,244 | | | $ | (12,491 | ) | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 188,428 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 30,701 | | | 6,116 | | | (998 | ) | | — | | | (182 | ) | | — | | | (43 | ) | | 35,594 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 95,917 | | | 28,166 | | | (140 | ) | | — | | | 1,960 | | | (30,127 | ) | | (24 | ) | | 95,752 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 85,388 | | | 24,635 | | | (6,105 | ) | | (667 | ) | | 1,866 | | | 1,492 | | | 296 | | | 106,905 | |
Collateralized debt obligation | 2,745 | | | — | | | — | | | 382 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,127 | |
United States Government and agencies | 15,352 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (187 | ) | | — | | | 3 | | | 15,168 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 20,828 | | | — | | | (23 | ) | | — | | | 84 | | | — | | | 2 | | | 20,891 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | 12,311 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,740 | | | — | | | — | | | 14,051 | |
Total | $ | 449,308 | | | $ | 78,780 | | | $ | (9,522 | ) | | $ | (4,285 | ) | | $ | 6,525 | | | $ | (41,126 | ) | | $ | 236 | | | $ | 479,916 | |
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Level 3 Financial Instruments Changes in Fair Value Recurring Basis - Assets | | | |
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| March 31, 2010 |
| | | | | | | Realized and unrealized gains (losses), net | | | | | | |
| Balance, December 31, 2009 | | Purchases | | Disposals | | Included in net income (1) | | Included in other compre-hensive income | | Net transfers in (out) of Level 3 (3) | | Amort-ization included in net income | | Balance, March 31, 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities | $ | 188,480 | | | $ | 3,500 | | | $ | (5,251 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 6,998 | | | $ | (8,350 | ) | | $ | 40 | | | $ | 185,417 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 5,925 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 5,925 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 126,115 | | | — | | | (422 | ) | | (120 | ) | | 6,661 | | | (9,500 | ) | | (94 | ) | | 122,640 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 22,948 | | | — | | | (377 | ) | | (3,854 | ) | | 4,922 | | | (4,322 | ) | | 196 | | | 19,513 | |
Collateralized debt obligation | 12,892 | | | — | | | (10,200 | ) | | 659 | | | (44 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 3,307 | |
United States Government and agencies | 14,683 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (4 | ) | | — | | | 3 | | | 14,682 | |
State, municipal and other governments | 16,079 | | | 5,000 | | | (23 | ) | | — | | | 166 | | | — | | | 2 | | | 21,224 | |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | 7,399 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (107 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 7,292 | |
Other long-term investments | 1,882 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (7 | ) | | 1,875 | |
Total | $ | 390,478 | | | $ | 14,425 | | | $ | (16,273 | ) | | $ | (3,315 | ) | | $ | 18,592 | | | $ | (22,172 | ) | | $ | 140 | | | $ | 381,875 | |
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(1 | ) | The change in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income relating to positions still held on collateral debt obligations was $0.4 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2011. There were no amounts included in net income relating to positions held on collateral debt obligations for the 2010 period. |
(2 | ) | Included in the net transfers in (out) line is $58.8 million of securities that were priced using a broker only quote at December 31, 2010 that were transferred to a pricing service that uses observable market data in the prices and $17.7 million that were transferred into Level 3 that did not have enough observable data to include in Level 2 at March 31, 2011. |
(3 | ) | Included in the net transfers in (out) line is $22.2 million of securities that were priced using a broker only quote at December 31, 2009 that were transferred to a pricing service that uses observable market data in the prices at March 31, 2010. |
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Level 3 Financial Instruments Changes in Fair Value Recurring Basis - Future Policy Benefits |
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| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Index Product Embedded Derivatives: | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 567,223 | | | $ | 502,067 | |
Premiums inflows | 21,285 | | | 21,107 | |
Benefit outflows | (19,802 | ) | | (29,976 | ) |
Impact of unrealized gains (losses), net | 35,245 | | | 45,144 | |
Balance, end of period | $ | 603,951 | | | $ | 538,342 | |
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Change in unrealized gains/losses on embedded derivatives held at end of period (1) | $ | 35,245 | | | $ | 45,144 | |
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(1) | Excludes host accretion and the timing of posting index credits, which are included with the change in value of index product embedded derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Level 3 Financial Instruments Fair Valued on a Non-Recurring Basis
There were no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2011 or March 31, 2010.
5. Defined Benefit Plan
We participate with several affiliates and an unaffiliated organization in various multiemployer defined benefit plans. Our share of net periodic pension cost for the plans recorded as expense in our consolidated statements of operations totaled $1.7 million for the first quarter of 2011 and $1.4 million for the 2010 period.
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Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost for FBL and Affiliates Combined |
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| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Service cost | $ | 2,049 | | | $ | 1,828 | |
Interest cost | 3,459 | | | 3,558 | |
Expected return on assets | (3,461 | ) | | (3,166 | ) |
Amortization of prior service cost | 375 | | | 182 | |
Amortization of actuarial loss | 1,973 | | | 1,741 | |
Settlement expense | — | | | (148 | ) |
Net periodic pension cost | $ | 4,395 | | | $ | 3,995 | |
6. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
In the normal course of business, we may be involved in litigation where damages are alleged that are substantially in excess of contractual policy benefits or certain other agreements. In recent years, companies in the life insurance and annuity business have faced litigation, including class action lawsuits, alleging improper product design, improper sales practices and similar claims. We are currently a defendant in two purported class action lawsuits against EquiTrust Life Insurance Company (EquiTrust Life) alleging claims as described below. We believe that many of the asserted claims will be defeated by dispositive motions. As discussed below, several of the claims were eliminated from class certification in a ruling certifying a class in one of the two pending cases. We remain optimistic that class certification will be defeated in the other lawsuit. However, courts have a great deal of discretion in deciding whether to certify a class, and it is impossible to accurately predict how the court will rule on such a motion. Other theories of potential liability may develop as these cases progress. This is especially true as plaintiffs continue to alter their theories of liability during discovery. Given these uncertainties, we are unable to make a reliable evaluation of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or an estimate of the amount or range of potential loss to the extent the matters proceed through litigation. We do not believe that these lawsuits, including those discussed below, will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, the outcome of such matters is always uncertain, and unforeseen results can occur. It is possible that such outcomes could materially affect net income in a particular quarter or annual period.
The first case is Tabares v. EquiTrust Life Insurance Company, filed in Los Angeles Superior Court on May 5, 2008. Tabares is a California class action on behalf of all persons who purchased certain deferred index annuities from EquiTrust Life. The complaint asserts a sub-class of purchasers that were age 60 or older at the time of purchasing those annuities from EquiTrust Life. Plaintiffs sought restitution and injunctive relief on behalf of all class members, compensatory damages for breach of contract, punitive and treble damages for common law fraud, and declaratory relief. Plaintiffs' motion for class certification was heard on June 22, 2010. On August 2, 2010, the trial court issued an Order “Denying in Part and Granting in Part Class Certification.” The Court denied certification on Plaintiffs' core claims: for fraud and violation of the consumer protection statute. The Court did grant certification on the claims for breach of contract (breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing) and declaratory relief. This certification does not represent a finding on the merits with respect to Plaintiffs' claim, only that it meets the criteria for the establishment of a class. In addition, the Court dismissed the only class representative of “senior” status and ordered the attorneys to confer and draft a suitable notice to be sent to all class members. Plaintiffs filed a motion to reconsider the August 2, 2010 ruling. EquiTrust Life opposed that motion. A brief hearing was conducted and in January 2011, the Court denied Plaintiff's motion but requested further briefing on a specific statutory claim. The parties have submitted those briefs and are awaiting a hearing on the issue or the court's ruling.
The second case is Harrington v. EquiTrust Life Insurance Company, filed in United States District Court, District of Arizona, on January 12, 2009. The original first named defendant, Mary Eller, was voluntarily dismissed from the case in 2010. This purported national class action includes all persons who purchased EquiTrust Life deferred index annuities, with one sub-class
for all persons age 65 and older that purchased an EquiTrust Life index annuity contract with a maturity date beyond the annuitant's actuarial life expectancy; and a 30-state sub-class under various consumer protection and unfair insurance practices statutes. Plaintiff alleges causes of action for violation of the RICO statute, violation of various state consumer protection and unfair insurance practices statutes on behalf of the multistate class, conspiracy, and unjust enrichment. Plaintiff seeks compensatory damages; treble damages; consequential and incidental damages; punitive damages; equitable and injunctive relief including restitution, disgorgement, a constructive trust and an equitable lien; and attorneys' fees. Plaintiff's deadline to file a motion for class certification is June 24, 2011.
In 2006, we incurred a pre-tax charge of $4.9 million relating to the settlement of a lawsuit with a husband and wife who had applied for life insurance policies. The settlement ended litigation regarding the process we followed in denying insurance coverage for medical reasons. Insurance claims have been filed under our professional liability and general liability insurance policies for reimbursement of the settlement amount, but coverage has been denied, and we have made a claim against an insurance broker for breach of contractual duties. We filed a lawsuit against the insurer and the insurance broker to recover those damages. Claims against the insurer were dismissed, however we retain our cause of action against the broker for failure to provide timely notice of our claim to said insurers and believe the claim is valid. Any recoveries will be recorded in net income in the period the recovery is received.
Other
In the normal course of business, we seek to limit our exposure to loss on any single insured or event and to recover a portion of benefits paid by ceding a portion of our exposure to other insurance enterprises or reinsurers. Reinsurance contracts do not relieve us of our obligations to policyholders. To the extent that reinsuring companies are later unable to meet obligations under reinsurance agreements, our insurance subsidiaries would be liable for these obligations, and payment of these obligations could result in losses. To limit the possibility of such losses, we evaluate the financial condition of our reinsurers and monitor concentrations of credit risk. No allowance for uncollectible amounts has been established against our asset for reinsurance recoverable since none of our receivables are deemed to be uncollectible.
We self-insure our employee health and dental claims. However, claims in excess of our self-insurance levels are fully insured. We fund insurance claims through a self-insurance trust. Deposits to the trust are made at an amount equal to our best estimate of claims incurred during the period and a liability is established at each balance sheet date for unpaid claims. Adjustments, if any, resulting in changes in the estimate of claims incurred will be reflected in operations in the periods in which such adjustments are known.
7. Earnings per Share
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Computation of Earnings Per Common Share |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Numerator: | | | |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 26,493 | | | $ | 18,021 | |
Dividends on Series B preferred stock | (38 | ) | | (38 | ) |
Numerator for earnings per common share - income available to common stockholders | $ | 26,455 | | | $ | 17,983 | |
| | | |
Denominator: | | | |
Weighted average shares | 30,412,327 | | | 30,104,281 | |
Deferred common stock units relating to deferred compensation plans | 199,634 | | | 174,796 | |
Denominator for earnings per common share - weighted average shares | 30,611,961 | | | 30,279,077 | |
Effect of dilutive securities - stock based compensation | 510,446 | | | 252,509 | |
Denominator for dilutive earnings per common share - adjusted weighted-average shares | 31,122,407 | | | 30,531,586 | |
| | | |
Earnings per common share | $ | 0.86 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution | $ | 0.85 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
| | | |
Antidilutive stock options excluded from diluted earnings per share | 1,125,521 | | | 2,033,294 | |
8. Segment Information
We analyze operations by reviewing financial information regarding products that are aggregated into four product segments. The product segments are: (1) Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution ("Exclusive Annuity"), (2) Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution ("Independent Annuity"), (3) Traditional and Universal Life Insurance and (4) Variable. We also have various support operations and corporate capital that are aggregated into a Corporate and Other segment.
We analyze our segment results based on pre-tax operating income (loss). Accordingly, income taxes are not allocated to the segments. In addition, operating results are reported net of transactions between the segments. Operating income (loss) for the 2011 and 2010 periods represents net income excluding, as applicable, the impact of realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments and changes in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives.
We use operating income (loss), in addition to net income, to measure our performance since realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments and the change in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives can fluctuate greatly from quarter to quarter. These fluctuations make it difficult to analyze core operating trends. In addition, for derivatives not designated as hedges, there is a mismatch between the valuation of the asset and liability when deriving net income. Specifically, call options relating to our index business are one or two-year assets while the embedded derivative in the index contracts represents the rights of the contract holder to receive index credits over the entire period the index annuities are expected to be in force. For our other embedded derivatives and interest rate swaps, the derivatives are marked to market, but the associated insurance liabilities are not marked to market. A view of our operating performance without the impact of these mismatches and non-recurring items enhances the analysis of our results. We use operating income for goal setting, determining short-term incentive compensation and evaluating performance on a basis comparable to that used by many in the investment community.
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| | | | | | | |
Financial Information Concerning our Operating Segments |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Operating revenues: | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 44,037 | | | $ | 40,774 | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution | 122,718 | | | 112,263 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 87,890 | | | 83,547 | |
Variable | 17,964 | | | 16,915 | |
Corporate and Other | 6,618 | | | 4,999 | |
| 279,227 | | | 258,498 | |
Realized gains (losses) on investments (A) | (7,923 | ) | | (3,291 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives (A) | 20,004 | | | 14,192 | |
Consolidated revenues | $ | 291,308 | | | $ | 269,399 | |
| | | |
Pre-tax operating income (loss): | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 14,863 | | | $ | 11,890 | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution | 13,191 | | | 7,643 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 11,492 | | | 11,111 | |
Variable | 5,188 | | | 3,540 | |
Corporate and Other | (2,415 | ) | | (4,116 | ) |
| 42,319 | | | 30,068 | |
Income taxes on operating income | (13,691 | ) | | (9,770 | ) |
Realized gains/losses on investments (A) | (2,686 | ) | | (1,319 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives (A) | 551 | | | (958 | ) |
Consolidated net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 26,493 | | | $ | 18,021 | |
|
| | | | |
(A) | Amounts are net of adjustments, as applicable, to amortization of unearned revenue reserves, deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, value of insurance in force acquired and income taxes attributable to these items. |
Our investment in equity method investees, the related equity income and interest expense are attributable to the Corporate and Other segment. Expenditures for long-lived assets were not significant during the periods presented above. Goodwill at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 was allocated among the segments as follows: Exclusive Annuity ($3.9 million), Traditional and Universal Life Insurance ($6.1 million) and Corporate ($1.2 million).
Premiums collected, which is not a measure used in financial statements prepared according to GAAP, include premiums received on life insurance policies and deposits on annuities and universal life-type products. Net premiums collected totaled $385.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and $208.9 million for the 2010 period.
Under GAAP, premiums on whole life and term life policies are recognized as revenues over the premium-paying period and reported in the Traditional and Universal Life Insurance segment. The following chart provides a reconciliation of life insurance premiums collected to those reported in the GAAP financial statements.
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| | | | | | | |
Reconciliation of Traditional Life Insurance Premiums, Net of Reinsurance |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Traditional and universal life insurance premiums collected | $ | 59,089 | | | $ | 52,051 | |
Premiums collected on interest sensitive products | (17,695 | ) | | (12,690 | ) |
Traditional life insurance premiums collected | 41,394 | | | 39,361 | |
Change in due premiums and other | (7 | ) | | (116 | ) |
Traditional life insurance premiums | $ | 41,387 | | | $ | 39,245 | |
There is no comparable GAAP financial measure for premiums collected on annuities and universal life-type products. GAAP revenues for those interest sensitive, indexed and variable products consist of various policy charges and fees assessed on those contracts, as summarized in the chart below.
|
| | | | | | | |
Interest Sensitive and Index Product Charges by Segment |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | | | |
Administration charges | $ | 3 | | | $ | 6 | |
Surrender charges | 158 | | | 119 | |
Total | $ | 161 | | | $ | 125 | |
| | | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution | | | |
Surrender charges | $ | 6,302 | | | $ | 6,267 | |
| | | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | | | |
Administration charges | $ | 2,692 | | | $ | 2,334 | |
Cost of insurance charges | 9,054 | | | 8,517 | |
Surrender charges | 156 | | | 242 | |
Amortization of policy initiation fees | 440 | | | 322 | |
Total | $ | 12,342 | | | $ | 11,415 | |
| | | |
Variable | | | |
Administration charges | $ | 1,659 | | | $ | 1,771 | |
Cost of insurance charges | 7,507 | | | 7,367 | |
Surrender charges | 273 | | | 565 | |
Separate account charges | 2,297 | | | 2,100 | |
Amortization of policy initiation fees | 262 | | | 393 | |
Total | $ | 11,998 | | | $ | 12,196 | |
| | | |
Consolidated interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 30,803 | | | $ | 30,003 | |
9. Subsequent Event
In May 2011, we refinanced our $100.0 million of 9.25% Senior Notes payable to affiliates with $100.0 million of 6.10% Senior Notes payable to the same affiliates. Farm Bureau Property & Casualty acquired a note for $75.0 million and an investment affiliate of Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, our majority shareholder, acquired a note for $25.0 million. Both notes are due May 3, 2015 and prepayable anytime at par. Interest on the new notes is payable quarterly on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section includes a summary of FBL Financial Group, Inc.'s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and where appropriate, factors that management believes may affect future performance. Unless noted otherwise, all references to FBL Financial Group, Inc. (we or the Company) include all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including its primary life insurance subsidiaries, Farm Bureau Life Insurance Company (Farm Bureau Life) and EquiTrust Life Insurance Company (EquiTrust Life) (collectively, the Life Companies). Please read this discussion in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes. In addition, we encourage you to refer to our 2010 Form 10-K for a complete description of our significant accounting policies and estimates. Familiarity with this information is important in understanding our financial position and results of operations.
This Form 10-Q includes statements relating to anticipated financial performance, business prospects, new products, and similar matters. These statements and others, which include words such as "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "intend" and other similar expressions, constitute forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. A variety of factors could cause our actual results and experiences to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in our forward-looking statements. See Part 1A, Risk Factors, of our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information on the risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and results of our business.
Impact of Recent Business Environment
The U.S. economy continued to expand during the first quarter of 2011, though at a slower pace than some economic observers expected given continued fiscal and monetary support coming from U.S. authorities. The unrest in the Middle Eastern oil producing countries contributed to a sharp rise in oil prices, reducing discretionary consumer income. Developing economies have driven global economic growth, but the emergence of inflation in these countries has led some central banks to consider tightening monetary policy. Few observers anticipate a dramatic slowdown for the developing economies, but growth will likely moderate. Developed economies remain burdened by debt obligations and budget deficits, constraining growth to a relatively modest pace.
Our business generally benefits from moderate to strong economic expansion. Conversely, slow economic growth or recession characterized by higher unemployment, lower family income, lower consumer spending, muted corporate earnings growth and lower business investment could adversely impact the demand for our products in the future. We also may experience a higher incidence of claims, lapses or surrenders of policies. We cannot predict whether or when such actions may occur, or what impact, if any, such actions could have on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
In the financial markets, strong liquidity, favorable corporate profitability and modest economic growth continue to support fundamental credit quality. Corporate credit spreads continued to narrow through the first quarter of 2011, while Treasury yields rose modestly. The yield curve remained steep with low short-term interest rates making our annuity products competitive relative to bank issued certificates of deposits. In the securitized markets, yields for asset-backed securities generally declined given shrinking supply and continued strong investor demand. Residential mortgage-backed securities yields have become attractive, while yields on commercial mortgage-backed securities continue to decline. Taxable municipal bond yields have been attractive over the past few months as yields have risen with those in the Treasury market.
The fair value of our investment portfolio fluctuated during the first quarter of 2011 with the fluctuation in market yields. Additionally, certain sectors remain somewhat dislocated, making it difficult to value some securities. As a result, certain valuations require greater estimation and judgment, as well as valuation methods that are more complex. These values may not ultimately be realizable in a market transaction, and such values may change rapidly as market conditions change and valuation assumptions are modified. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for details on the nature of our net unrealized gain position and Note 4 for discussion of our valuation methods.
Our fixed annuity products contain features that allow contract holders to surrender a policy. To encourage persistency, we impose a surrender charge against the account balance for early termination of a contract within a specified period after its effective date. Most of the fixed annuity products sold by the EquiTrust Life independent channel offered a market value adjustment (MVA) feature based on U.S. Treasury rates. This feature provides us interest rate protection when U.S. Treasury interest rates are greater than the rates in effect when a contract is issued and provides a benefit to contract holders when U.S. Treasury interest rates are less than the rates in effect when a contract is issued. This feature may cause surrender activity to fluctuate with changes in the U.S. Treasury rate. Surrender activity during the first half of 2010 remained at or below expected
levels, but with a decline of the U.S. Treasury rates in the third quarter of 2010, there was a modest increase in surrender activity. Surrender activity returned to normal levels near the end of the fourth quarter and into the first quarter of 2011. We encourage you to refer to our 2010 Form 10-K for further discussion of the potential impact of a low interest environment.
Results of Operations for the Periods Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
|
| | | | | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
Revenues | $ | 291,308 | | | $ | 269,399 | |
Benefits and expenses | 254,428 | | | 244,532 | |
| 36,880 | | | 24,867 | |
Income taxes | (11,788 | ) | | (7,955 | ) |
Equity income | 1,399 | | | 1,095 | |
Net income | 26,491 | | | 18,007 | |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 2 | | | 14 | |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 26,493 | | | $ | 18,021 | |
| | | |
Earnings per common share | $ | 0.86 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution | $ | 0.85 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
|
| | | | | | | |
Other data | | | |
Direct premiums collected, net of reinsurance | $ | 385,231 | | | $ | 208,911 | |
| | | |
Direct life insurance in force, end of quarter (in millions) | 48,670 | | | 46,582 | |
Life insurance lapse rates | 7.4 | % | | 6.9 | % |
Withdrawal rates - individual traditional annuity: | | | |
Exclusive Distribution | 5.4 | % | | 4.1 | % |
Independent Distribution | 7.2 | % | | 6.8 | % |
Premiums collected represents cash premiums received on life insurance policies and deposits on annuity and universal life-type products. Premiums collected is not a measure used in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). See Note 8, "Segmentation Information," to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our premiums collected, the most comparable GAAP financial measures and, as applicable, a reconciliation to such GAAP measures. We use premiums collected to measure the productivity of our exclusive and independent agents.
Lapse and withdrawal rates increased in 2011 due to normal fluctuations in the business and remain within our expected levels.
Net Income Attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc.
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. (FBL Net Income) was $26.5 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $18.0 million for the 2010 period. As discussed in detail below, this increase was primarily due to increases in spreads earned, the volume of our business in force and investment fee income and the impact of net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives. The increase in volume of business in force is quantified by summarizing the face amount of insurance in force for traditional life products or account values of contracts in force for interest sensitive products. The face amount of life insurance in force represents the gross death benefit payable to policyholders and account value represents the value of the contract to the contract holder before application of surrender charges or reduction for any policy loans outstanding. The following discussion provides additional details on the items impacting FBL Net Income.
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| | | | | |
Spreads Earned on our Universal Life and Individual Annuity Products | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | 6.19 | % | | 6.09 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost | 3.44 | % | | 3.72 | % |
Spread | 2.75 | % | | 2.37 | % |
The weighted average yield on cash and invested assets represents the yield on cash and investments backing the universal life and individual traditional annuity products net of investment expenses. The yield also includes losses relating to our interest rate swap program for certain individual traditional annuities. With respect to our index annuities, index costs represent the expenses we incur to fund the annual index credits through the purchase of options and minimum guaranteed interest credited on the index business. The weighted average crediting rate/index cost and spread are computed excluding the impact of the amortization of deferred sales inducements. See the "Segment Information" section that follows for a discussion of our spreads.
Impact of Operating Adjustments on FBL Net Income
|
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Realized gains/losses on investments | $ | (7,940 | ) | | $ | (3,293 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives | 7,753 | | | (11,864 | ) |
Change in amortization of: | | | |
Deferred policy acquisition costs | (1,297 | ) | | 6,680 | |
Deferred sales inducements | (1,793 | ) | | 4,996 | |
Value of insurance in force acquired | (24 | ) | | (24 | ) |
Unearned revenue reserve | 17 | | | 2 | |
Income tax offset | 1,149 | | | 1,226 | |
Net impact of operating income adjustments | $ | (2,135 | ) | | $ | (2,277 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | |
Summary of adjustments noted above after offsets and income taxes: | | | |
Realized gains/losses on investments | $ | (2,686 | ) | | $ | (1,319 | ) |
Change in net unrealized gains/losses on derivatives | 551 | | | (958 | ) |
Net impact of operating income adjustments | $ | (2,135 | ) | | $ | (2,277 | ) |
Net impact per share - basic | $ | (0.07 | ) | | $ | (0.08 | ) |
Net impact per share - assuming dilution | $ | (0.07 | ) | | $ | (0.07 | ) |
As noted in the "Segment Information" section that follows, we use both net income and operating income to measure our operating results. Operating income for the periods covered by this report equals net income, excluding the impact of realized gains and losses on investments and the change in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives. Our rationale for excluding these items from operating income is explained in Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements.
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| | | |
Changes in FBL Net Income | |
| Three months ended |
| March 31, |
| 2011 vs. 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Premiums and product charges | $ | 2,942 | |
Net investment income | 8,430 | |
Derivative income | 13,204 | |
Realized gains/losses on investments | (4,647 | ) |
Other income and other expenses | 1,334 | |
Interest sensitive and index products benefits and change in value of index product embedded derivatives | (297 | ) |
Traditional life insurance policy benefits | 1,084 | |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses | (10,046 | ) |
Interest expense | 9 | |
Income taxes | (3,833 | ) |
Noncontrolling interest and equity income | 292 | |
Total change in FBL Net Income | $ | 8,472 | |
A detailed discussion of changes in FBL Net Income follows.
Premiums and Product Charges
|
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Premiums and product charges: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 30,803 | | | $ | 30,003 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums | 41,387 | | | 39,245 | |
Total | $ | 72,190 | | | $ | 69,248 | |
Premiums and product charges increased 4.2% to $72.2 million in the first quarter of 2011 primarily due to the impact of an increase in the volume of business in force. The increase in the business in force was primarily attributable to sales of traditional life products by our Farm Bureau Life agency force exceeding the loss of in force amounts through deaths, lapses and surrenders. Our average aggregate traditional life insurance in force, net of reinsurance, totaled $26,898.5 million for the three-month period in 2011 and $25,245.7 million for the three-month period in 2010. The change in life insurance in force is not proportional to the change in premium income due to a shift in the composition of our traditional life block of business from whole life policies to term policies. The premium for a term policy per $1,000 face amount is less than that for a whole life policy.
In addition, interest sensitive and index product charges increased 2.7% to $30.8 million in the first quarter of 2011 primarily due to an increase in cost of insurance charges on universal and variable universal life policies. Cost of insurance charges totaled $16.8 million in the first quarter of 2011 and $16.2 million in the 2010 period. Cost of insurance charges increased primarily due to aging of the business in force as the cost of insurance rate per $1,000 in force increases with the age of the insured. The average age of our universal and variable universal life policyholders was 47.6 years at March 31, 2011 and 47.0 years at March 31, 2010.
While surrender activity in the first quarter of 2011 increased on certain products sold by our EquiTrust Life independent distribution, the net impact of surrender charges on those contracts did not change significantly due to the MVA feature, which is recorded as a component of interest sensitive and index product charges. See the "Impact of Recent Business Environment" section above for additional discussion on the surrender activity and MVA.
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Impact of EquiTrust Life Direct Annuity Surrenders on Interest Sensitive and Index Product Charges |
| |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Gross surrender charges | $ | 8,220 | | | $ | 6,637 | |
Market value adjustments | (3,192 | ) | | (1,759 | ) |
Net impact of surrender charges | $ | 5,028 | | | $ | 4,878 | |
Net Investment Income
Net investment income, which excludes investment income on separate account assets relating to variable products, increased 4.7% to $186.5 million in the first quarter of 2011. The increase is primarily due to an increase in average invested assets compared with the prior period, partially offset by lower investment yields. Average invested assets in the three-month period of 2011 increased 5.8% to $12,894.9 million (based on securities at amortized cost) from $12,186.8 million in the 2010 period, principally due to positive cash flows from operating and financing activities which included the issuance of funding agreements to the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) totaling $358.5 million during 2010 and 2011. The annualized yield earned on average invested assets decreased to 5.96% in the three months ended March 31, 2011 from 6.02% in the 2010 period. The decrease in yields earned is primarily due to lower investment yields on new acquisitions compared to our yields on investments maturing or being paid down as discussed in the "Financial Condition" section below. This decrease was partially offset by the increase in fee income from bond calls, tender offers and mortgage loan prepayments and the change of net discount accretion on mortgage and asset-backed securities resulting from changing prepayment speed assumptions. Fee income from bond calls, tender offers and mortgage loan prepayments totaled $2.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to $0.4 million in the 2010 period. Net investment income also includes $1.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to less than $0.1 million in the 2010 period representing the change of net discount accretion on mortgage and asset-backed securities resulting from changing prepayment speed assumptions at the end of each period.
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| | | | | | | |
Derivative Income | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Derivative income: | | | |
Components of derivative income from call options: | | | |
Gains received at expiration | $ | 35,644 | | | $ | 31,304 | |
Change in the difference between fair value and remaining option cost at beginning and end of period | 20,874 | | | 13,733 | |
Cost of money for call options | (20,538 | ) | | (22,018 | ) |
| 35,980 | | | 23,019 | |
Other | (440 | ) | | (683 | ) |
Total | $ | 35,540 | | | $ | 22,336 | |
Gains received at expiration increased in the first quarter of 2011 as a result of increases in the S&P 500 Index® (upon which the majority of our options are based). These gains are used to fund index credits on index annuities, which also increased in 2011, as discussed below under "Interest Sensitive and Index Product Benefits." The change in the difference between fair value and remaining option cost at beginning and end of period increased derivative income in 2011 and 2010 primarily due to the change in the S&P 500 Index compared to the strike price of the outstanding options.
The cost of money for call options decreased primarily due to a decrease in the cost of hedging programs on our direct and assumed business, partially offset by the impact of an increase in the volume of business in force. The average aggregate account value of index annuities in force totaled $4,106.5 million for the first quarter of 2011 compared to $4,095.4 million for the 2010 period.
Other derivative income is comprised of income or loss from interest rate swaps and the embedded derivatives included in our modified coinsurance contracts. Derivative income will fluctuate based on market conditions. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for additional details on our derivatives.
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| | | | | | | |
Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Realized gains (losses) on investments: | | | |
Realized gains on sales | $ | 4,530 | | | $ | 5,073 | |
Realized losses on sales | (146 | ) | | (344 | ) |
Total other-than-temporary impairment charges | (18,062 | ) | | (27,154 | ) |
Net realized investment losses | (13,678 | ) | | (22,425 | ) |
Non-credit losses included in other comprehensive income | 5,738 | | | 19,132 | |
Total reported in statements of operations | $ | (7,940 | ) | | $ | (3,293 | ) |
The level of realized gains (losses) is subject to fluctuation from period to period depending on the prevailing interest rate and economic environment and the timing of the sale of investments. See "Financial Condition - Investments" for details regarding our unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
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| | | | | | | |
Investment Credit Impairment Losses Recognized in Net Income |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities: | | | |
Manufacturing | $ | 4,000 | | | $ | — | |
Finance | 4,665 | | | — | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 245 | | | — | |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 2,611 | | | 120 | |
Other asset-backed | 667 | | | 7,139 | |
State, municipal and other government | 136 | | | — | |
Collateralized debt obligations | — | | | 763 | |
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses reported in net income | $ | 12,324 | | | $ | 8,022 | |
Fixed maturity other-than-temporary credit impairment losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011, were incurred within several industry sectors. The manufacturing sector loss relates to a company undergoing a restructuring which is not being executed as timely as expected, causing uncertainty as to the recoverability of the loss. The finance sector loss relates to an Irish financial institution which continues to have financial difficulty, and may not receive the support from the Irish government to ensure losses are not incurred. Losses were also incurred within our commercial mortgage-backed securities, generally due to concerns over potential defaults and weakness in underlying collateral values. Fixed maturity other-than-temporary credit impairment losses for the three months ended March 31, 2010, were incurred within our other asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities, generally due to concerns over potential defaults and weakness in underlying collateral values. We also incurred other-than-temporary credit losses in collateralized debt obligations, which incurred losses as collateral values declined and borrower defaults increased. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion regarding our process for identifying other-than-temporary impairment losses.
Other Income and Other Expenses
Other income and other expenses include revenues and expenses, respectively, primarily relating to our non-insurance operations. Our non-insurance operations include management, advisory, marketing and distribution services and leasing activities. Fluctuations in these financial statement line items are generally attributable to fluctuations in the level of these services provided during the periods. In 2011, other income also includes $1.0 million cash settlement for our share of damages awarded upon settlement of litigation involving an agency matter.
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Interest Sensitive and Index Product Benefits and Change in Value of Index Product Embedded Derivatives |
| |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Interest sensitive and index product benefits: | | | |
Interest credited | $ | 78,234 | | | $ | 75,557 | |
Index credits | 33,525 | | | 32,566 | |
Amortization of deferred sales inducements | 12,386 | | | 4,338 | |
Interest sensitive death benefits | 12,141 | | | 9,723 | |
| 136,286 | | | 122,184 | |
Change in value of index product embedded derivatives | 12,251 | | | 26,056 | |
Total | $ | 148,537 | | | $ | 148,240 | |
Interest sensitive and index product benefits and change in value of index product embedded derivatives increased 0.2% to $148.5 million in the first quarter of 2011. The increase was primarily due to increases in amortization of deferred sales inducements and death benefits, and the impact of an increase in the volume of business in force, partially offset by the impact of the change in value of index product embedded derivatives. Interest sensitive and index product benefits tend to fluctuate from period to period primarily as a result of changes in mortality experience and the impact of changes in the equity markets on index credits, amortization of deferred sales inducements and the value of the embedded derivatives in our index annuities.
Interest credited increased to $78.2 million in 2011 primarily due to an increased amount of business in force, partially offset by a lower weighted average interest crediting rate. The average account value of interest sensitive and index products in force increased to $9,954.1 million in 2011 from $9,768.3 million in 2010 primarily due to advances on our funding agreements with the FHLB and sales of traditional deferred and index annuities by our direct and independent distribution channels, partially offset by a decrease in coinsured business assumed. The weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost, excluding the impact of the amortization of deferred sales inducements, was 3.44% for the first quarter of 2011 and 3.72% for the 2010 period. See the "Segment Information" section that follows for additional discussion on these rates.
As discussed above under "Derivative Income," the change in the amount of index credits was impacted by the volume of index annuities in force and the amount of appreciation/depreciation in the underlying market indices on which our options are based. The change in the value of the embedded derivatives was impacted by the change in expected index credits on the next policy anniversary dates, which was related to the change in the fair value of the options acquired to fund these index credits. The value of the embedded derivatives was also impacted by the timing of the posting of index credits and changes in reserve discount rates and assumptions used in estimating future call option costs.
The increase in the amortization of deferred sales inducements in 2011 was primarily due to the impact of unrealized gains/losses on derivatives as described above in the "Impact of Operating Adjustments on FBL Net Income." Interest sensitive death benefits increased primarily due to a higher number of universal life and variable universal life claims.
Traditional Life Insurance Policy Benefits
|
| | | | | | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Traditional life insurance policy benefits: | | | |
Death and surrender benefits | $ | 27,929 | | | $ | 27,568 | |
Increase in traditional life future policy benefits | 8,669 | | | 9,741 | |
Policyholder dividends | 4,300 | | | 4,673 | |
Total | $ | 40,898 | | | $ | 41,982 | |
Traditional life insurance policy benefits decreased 2.6% to $40.9 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the 2010 period primarily due to a decrease in traditional death benefits net of reserves released and reductions to our dividend scale on participating life business.
Traditional death benefits, net of reserves released, totaled $10.6 million for the first quarter of 2011, compared to $11.5 million
for the first quarter of 2010. The amount of reserves released relative to face value varies by product type, age of insured and length of time the policy had been in force. Traditional life insurance benefits can fluctuate from period to period primarily as a result of changes in mortality experience. The change in traditional life future policy benefits may not be proportional to the change in traditional premiums and benefits as reserves on term policies are generally less than reserves on whole life policies.
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| | | | | | | |
Underwriting, Acquisition and Insurance Expenses | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses: | | | |
Commission expense, net of deferrals | $ | 3,923 | | | $ | 3,767 | |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | 31,062 | | | 20,776 | |
Amortization of value of insurance in force acquired | 384 | | | 576 | |
Other underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses, net of deferrals | 18,615 | | | 18,819 | |
Total | $ | 53,984 | | | $ | 43,938 | |
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses increased 22.9% to $54.0 million in the first quarter of 2011. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs in the first quarter of 2011 increased primarily due to the net impact of operating adjustments as detailed under "Impact of Operating Adjustments on FBL Net Income." Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs on our EquiTrust Life distribution channel, excluding the impact of operating adjustments, totaled $13.8 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $12.0 million in the first quarter of 2010 primarily due to an increase in earned spreads.
Income Taxes
Income taxes totaled $11.8 million in the first quarter of 2011, compared to $8.0 million in the first quarter of 2010. The effective tax rate was 32.0% for the first quarter of 2011 and for the 2010 period. The effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the impact of tax-exempt interest and tax-exempt dividend income.
Equity Income, Net of Related Income Taxes
Equity income, net of related income taxes, totaled $1.4 million for the first quarter of 2011, compared to $1.1 million for first quarter of 2010. Equity income includes our proportionate share of gains and losses attributable to our ownership interest in partnerships, joint ventures and certain companies where we exhibit some control but have a minority ownership interest. Given the timing of availability of financial information from our equity investees, we will consistently use information that is as much as three months in arrears for certain of these entities. Several of these entities are investment companies whose operating results are derived primarily from unrealized and realized gains and losses generated by their investment portfolios. As is normal with these types of entities, the level of these gains and losses is subject to fluctuation from period to period depending on the prevailing economic environment, changes in prices of fixed maturity and equity securities held by the investment partnerships, timing and success of initial public offerings and other exit strategies, and the timing of the sale of investments held by the partnerships and joint ventures.
Segment Information
We analyze operations by reviewing financial information regarding products that are aggregated into four product segments. The product segments are: (1) Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution ("Exclusive Annuity"), (2) Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution ("Independent Annuity"), (3) Traditional and Universal Life Insurance and (4) Variable. We also have various support operations and corporate capital that are aggregated into a Corporate and Other segment.
We analyze our segment results based on pre-tax operating income (loss). Accordingly, income taxes are not allocated to the segments. In addition, operating results are generally reported net of any transactions between the segments. Operating income for the periods ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 represents net income excluding the impact of realized gains and losses on investments and changes in net unrealized gains and losses on derivatives.
The impact of realized gains and losses on investments and unrealized gains and losses on derivatives also includes adjustments for taxes and that portion of amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, unearned revenue reserve and value of insurance in force acquired attributable to such gains or losses. Our rationale for using operating income
(loss), in addition to net income, to measure our performance is summarized in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.
|
| | | | | | | |
Reconciliation of Net Income to Pre-tax Operating Income |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Net income attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc. | $ | 26,493 | | | $ | 18,021 | |
Net impact of operating income adjustments (1) | 2,135 | | | 2,277 | |
Income taxes on operating income | 13,691 | | | 9,770 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 42,319 | | | $ | 30,068 | |
| | | |
Pre-tax operating income (loss) by segment: | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution | $ | 14,863 | | | $ | 11,890 | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution | 13,191 | | | 7,643 | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance | 11,492 | | | 11,111 | |
Variable | 5,188 | | | 3,540 | |
Corporate and Other | (2,415 | ) | | (4,116 | ) |
| $ | 42,319 | | | $ | 30,068 | |
|
| | | | |
(1) | See "Net Income Attributable to FBL Financial Group, Inc." above for additional details on our operating income adjustments. |
A discussion of our operating results, by segment, follows:
|
| | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Exclusive Distribution Segment | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 161 | | | $ | 125 | |
Net investment income | 44,421 | | | 41,151 | |
Derivative loss | (545 | ) | | (502 | ) |
| 44,037 | | | 40,774 | |
Benefits and expenses | 29,174 | | | 28,884 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 14,863 | | | $ | 11,890 | |
| | | |
Other data | | | |
Annuity premiums collected, direct | $ | 119,474 | | | $ | 78,684 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | 3,044,248 | | | 2,763,681 | |
| | | |
Individual annuity spread: | | | |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | 6.19 | % | | 6.26 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate/index costs | 3.40 | % | | 3.69 | % |
Spread | 2.79 | % | | 2.57 | % |
| | | |
Individual annuity withdrawal rate | 5.4 | % | | 4.1 | % |
Pre-tax operating income for the Exclusive Annuity segment increased 25.0% in the first quarter of 2011 to $14.9 million, primarily due to increases in spreads earned and the volume of business in force. The average aggregate account value for annuity contracts in force in the Exclusive Annuity segment increased to $2,062.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 from $1,876.7 million for the 2010 period due to sales by our exclusive agents and advances on our funding agreement with the FHLB totaling $233.5 million.
Premiums collected increased 51.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The amount of traditional annuity premiums collected is highly dependent upon the relationship between the current crediting rate and perceived security of our products compared to competing products.
The individual annuity weighted average yield on cash and invested assets decreased in 2011 primarily due to reinvestment rates being lower than yields on investments maturing or being paid down, as discussed in the "Financial Condition" section below, partially offset by an increase in income from prepayment fees and net discount accretion on mortgage and asset-backed securities totaling $0.7 million. The weighted average interest crediting rate decreased due to decreases in the interest crediting rates on a significant portion of our annuity portfolio during 2010.
|
| | | | | | | |
Traditional Annuity - Independent Distribution Segment |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | |
Interest sensitive and index product charges | $ | 6,302 | | | $ | 6,267 | |
Net investment income | 100,335 | | | 96,831 | |
Derivative income | 16,081 | | | 9,165 | |
| 122,718 | | | 112,263 | |
Benefits and expenses | 109,527 | | | 104,620 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 13,191 | | | $ | 7,643 | |
| | | |
Other data | | | |
Annuity premiums collected, independent channel | | | |
Fixed rate annuities | $ | 25,143 | | | $ | 18,648 | |
Index annuities | 157,306 | | | 28,688 | |
Total annuity premiums collected, independent channel | 182,449 | | | 47,336 | |
Annuity premiums collected, assumed | 328 | | | 320 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | 7,433,695 | | | 7,260,128 | |
| | | |
Individual deferred annuity spread: | | | |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | 6.14 | % | | 5.97 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate/index cost | 3.39 | % | | 3.67 | % |
Spread | 2.75 | % | | 2.30 | % |
| | | |
Individual traditional annuity withdrawal rate | 7.2 | % | | 6.8 | % |
Pre-tax operating income for the Independent Annuity segment increased 72.6% in the first quarter of 2011 to $13.2 million, primarily due to increases in spreads earned and the positive impact of hedging activities. The average aggregate account value for annuity contracts in force in the Independent Annuity segment totaled $7,001.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to $7,030.9 million for the 2010 period. The decline in account value occurred as result of increased surrender activity during the third and fourth quarters of 2010. See the "Impact of Recent Business Environment" section above for further discussion of surrender activity.
The EquiTrust Life independent distribution channel experienced a hedging benefit of $3.3 million during the first quarter of 2011 as a result of proceeds from call option settlements exceeding index credit benefits. The excess options were originally purchased to hedge index annuities which were surrendered during prior periods.
Benefits and expenses increased in 2011 primarily due to increases in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred sales inducements. These increases were the result of the corresponding improvements in spread income earned during 2011.
Premiums collected in the independent channel increased 285.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the
2010 period. We increased emphasis on growing our business from the independent distribution channel in 2010, after intentionally slowing sales to preserve capital immediately following the 2009 economic downturn. The 2011 reduction in crediting rates reflect the positive impact of hedging activities and lower call option costs. The weighted average yield increased due to an increase in income from prepayment fees and net discount accretion on mortgage and asset-backed securities totaling $2.5 million received during the first quarter of 2011.
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| | | | | | | |
Traditional and Universal Life Insurance Segment | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | |
Interest sensitive product charges and other income | $ | 12,414 | | | $ | 11,439 | |
Traditional life insurance premiums | 41,387 | | | 39,245 | |
Net investment income | 34,089 | | | 32,863 | |
| 87,890 | | | 83,547 | |
Benefits and expenses | 76,398 | | | 72,436 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 11,492 | | | $ | 11,111 | |
| | | |
Other data | | | |
Life premiums collected, net of reinsurance | $ | 59,089 | | | $ | 52,051 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | 2,144,052 | | | 2,076,628 | |
Direct life insurance in force, end of period (in millions) | 41,794 | | | 39,312 | |
| | | |
Interest sensitive life insurance spread: | | | |
Weighted average yield on cash and invested assets | 6.67 | % | | 6.59 | % |
Weighted average interest crediting rate | 4.20 | % | | 4.26 | % |
Spread | 2.47 | % | | 2.33 | % |
Pre-tax operating income for the Traditional and Universal Life Insurance segment increased 3.4% in the first quarter of 2011 to $11.5 million. The increase in 2011 was primarily attributable to an increase in our direct traditional and universal life insurance in force, partially offset by increases in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and expenses allocated from the Variable segment.
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs increased $2.0 million primarily due to updating term reinsurance estimates during the first quarter of 2011. Other underwriting expenses increased $1.3 million for the first quarter of 2011 primarily due to an increase in expenses allocated from the Variable segment.
Policy liabilities and accruals increased in 2011 due to an increase in business in force. Our direct traditional and universal life insurance in force increased 6.3% to $41,793.5 million in 2011 due to sales by our Farm Bureau Life agency force exceeding the loss of in force amounts through deaths, lapses and surrenders.
The weighted average yield on cash and invested assets for interest sensitive life insurance products increased primarily due to an increase in investment income from prepayment fees of $0.2 million, partially offset by lower yields as reinvestment rates are lower than yields on investments maturing or being paid down, as discussed in the "Financial Condition" section below.
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| | | | | | | |
Variable Segment | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating income | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | |
Interest sensitive product charges | $ | 12,006 | | | $ | 12,196 | |
Net investment income | 4,555 | | | 4,026 | |
Other income | 1,403 | | | 693 | |
| 17,964 | | | 16,915 | |
Benefits and expenses | 12,776 | | | 13,375 | |
Pre-tax operating income | $ | 5,188 | | | $ | 3,540 | |
| | | |
Other data | | | |
Variable premiums collected, net of reinsurance | $ | 23,822 | | | $ | 30,450 | |
Policy liabilities and accruals, end of period | 291,233 | | | 268,630 | |
Separate account assets, end of period | 774,774 | | | 726,825 | |
Direct life insurance in force, end of period (in millions) | 6,876 | | | 7,270 | |
Pre-tax operating income for the Variable segment increased 46.6% to $5.2 million in the first quarter of 2011. The increase was primarily due to a reduction in expenses allocated to the segment and the impact of market performance on amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, partially offset by increased mortality experience.
General expenses decreased $1.4 million in the first quarter of 2011 primarily due to the impact of changes in expense allocations between segments. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs decreased $0.9 million in the first quarter of 2011 primarily due to the impact of separate account performance. Death benefits in excess of related account values on variable policies increased $1.2 million to $4.5 million in the first quarter of 2011.
Variable premiums tend to vary with the volatility, performance of and confidence level in the equity markets as well as crediting and interest rates on competing products, including fixed rate annuities and bank-offered certificates of deposit. During 2010, we discontinued underwriting new sales of variable products and terminated new sales with our variable alliance partners in 2010 and 2011. We continue to receive premiums from sales that occurred prior to this change. During 2010, our Farm Bureau Life distribution channel began selling variable products underwritten by a large well-known insurance company with variable product expertise. We earn fees from the sale of brokered products, which are reported as other income. A portion of these revenues are passed on to the agents as commissions for the underlying sales. The decision to discontinue underwriting variable products was made because we lack the scale necessary to generate acceptable returns and be competitive in this product line over time. The existing in force business remains on our books and we will continue to administer this business.
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| | | | | | | |
Corporate and Other Segment | | | |
| | | |
| Three months ended March 31, |
| 2011 | | 2010 |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Pre-tax operating loss | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | |
Net investment income | $ | 3,119 | | | $ | 3,218 | |
Derivative loss | — | | | (519 | ) |
Other income | 3,499 | | | 2,300 | |
| 6,618 | | | 4,999 | |
Interest expense | 6,109 | | | 6,118 | |
Benefits and other expenses | 5,079 | | | 4,695 | |
| (4,570 | ) | | (5,814 | ) |
Noncontrolling interest | 2 | | | 14 | |
Equity income, before tax | 2,153 | | | 1,684 | |
Pre-tax operating loss | $ | (2,415 | ) | | $ | (4,116 | ) |
Pre-tax operating loss decreased 41.3% to $2.4 million in the first quarter of 2011. This change was primarily due to increases in other income and equity income and a decrease in derivative losses.
Other income increased in 2011 primarily due to a $1.0 million cash settlement received from a litigation case as discussed under "Other Income and Other Expenses" above. The remaining amounts in other income and other expenses primarily relate to operating results of our non-insurance subsidiaries. The changes in equity income are discussed in the "Equity Income" section above. The derivative loss in 2010 included the net interest expense on an interest rate swap that expired in October 2010. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on this interest rate swap.
Financial Condition
Investments
Our investment portfolio increased 1.3% to $13,240.2 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $13,069.7 million at December 31, 2010. The portfolio increased due to positive cash flows from operating and financing activities. The primary driver of the increase, however, was a $75.4 million increase in the fair market value of fixed maturity securities during 2011 to a net unrealized gain of $229.6 million at March 31, 2011. The narrowing in credit spreads across most sectors in our fixed maturity portfolio offset an increase in the U.S. Treasury yields during the first quarter of 2011. Moderately wide credit spreads in certain sectors continue to impact our investment portfolio. Additional details regarding securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2011 are included in the discussion that follows and in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Details regarding investment impairments are discussed above in the "Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments" section under "Results of Operations."
We manage our investment portfolio with a strategy designed to achieve superior risk-adjusted returns consistent with the investment philosophy of maintaining a largely investment grade portfolio and providing adequate liquidity for obligations to policyholders and other requirements. The Company's investment policy calls for investing almost exclusively in fixed maturity securities that are investment grade and meet our quality and yield objectives. We prefer to invest in securities with intermediate maturities because they more closely match the intermediate nature of our policy liabilities. We believe this strategy is appropriate for managing our cash flows.
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| | | | | | | | |
Fixed Maturity Securities Acquisitions Selected Information | | | | |
| | | | |
| | Three months ended |
| | March 31, 2011 | | March 31, 2010 |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
Cost of acquisitions: | | | | |
Corporate investment grade | | $ | 323,482 | | | $ | 165,767 | |
Mortgage and asset-backed | | 179,175 | | | 181,573 | |
United States Government and agencies | | 3,110 | | | — | |
Tax-exempt municipals | | 12,464 | | | — | |
Taxable municipals | | 33,187 | | | 39,128 | |
Total | | $ | 551,418 | | | $ | 386,468 | |
Effective annual yield | | 5.23 | % | | 3.82 | % |
Credit quality | | | | |
NAIC 1 designation | | 61.0 | % | | 86.2 | % |
NAIC 2 designation | | 39.0 | % | | 13.8 | % |
Weighted-average life in years | | 8.3 | | | 12.7 |
The table above summarizes selected information for fixed maturity purchases. The effective annual yield shown was the yield calculated to the "worst-call date." For noncallable bonds, the worst-call date is always the maturity date. For callable bonds, the worst-call date is the call or maturity date that produces the lowest yield. The weighted-average maturity was calculated using scheduled pay-downs and expected prepayments for amortizing securities. For non-amortizing securities, the weighted-average maturity is equal to the stated maturity date.
A portion of the securities acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and March 31, 2010, were acquired with the proceeds from advances on our funding agreements with the FHLB. The securities acquired to support these funding agreements often carry a lower average yield than securities acquired to support our other insurance products, due to the relatively low interest rate paid on those advances. The average yield of the securities acquired, excluding the securities supporting these funding agreements, was 5.26% during the three month period ended March 31, 2011 and 5.66% during the three month period ended March 31, 2010.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment Portfolio Summary | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Carrying Value | | Percent | | Carrying Value | | Percent |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale: | | | | | | | |
Public | $ | 8,990,172 | | | 67.9 | % | | $ | 8,812,951 | | | 67.5 | % |
144A private placement | 1,887,892 | | | 14.3 | | | 1,771,383 | | | 13.6 | |
Private placement | 580,935 | | | 4.4 | | | 544,190 | | | 4.2 | |
Total fixed maturity securities - available for sale | 11,458,999 | | | 86.6 | | | 11,128,524 | | | 85.3 | |
Equity securities | 80,613 | | | 0.6 | | | 78,656 | | | 0.6 | |
Mortgage loans | 1,249,905 | | | 9.3 | | | 1,254,437 | | | 9.5 | |
Derivative instruments | 40,924 | | | 0.3 | | | 40,729 | | | 0.3 | |
Real estate | 13,500 | | | 0.1 | | | 13,554 | | | 0.1 | |
Policy loans | 169,498 | | | 1.3 | | | 170,341 | | | 1.3 | |
Other long-term investments | 125 | | | — | | | 132 | | | — | |
Short-term investments | 226,653 | | | 1.8 | | | 383,369 | | | 2.9 | |
Total investments | $ | 13,240,217 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 13,069,742 | | | 100.0 | % |
As of March 31, 2011, 93.3% (based on carrying value) of the available-for-sale fixed maturity securities were investment grade debt securities, defined as being in the highest two National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) designations. Non-investment grade debt securities generally provide higher yields and involve greater risks than investment grade debt securities because their issuers typically are more highly leveraged and more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions than investment grade issuers. In addition, the trading market for these securities is usually more limited than for investment grade debt securities. We regularly review the percentage of our portfolio that is invested in non-investment grade
debt securities (NAIC designations 3 through 6). As of March 31, 2011, the investment in non-investment grade debt was 6.7% of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. At that time, no single non-investment grade holding exceeded 0.2% of total investments.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit Quality by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating |
| | | | | | |
| | | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating (1) | | Carrying Value | | Percent | | Carrying Value | | Percent |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 7,150,792 | | | 62.4 | % | | $ | 6,988,040 | | | 62.8 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 3,535,752 | | | 30.9 | | | 3,444,502 | | | 31.0 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 10,686,544 | | | 93.3 | | | 10,432,542 | | | 93.8 | |
3 | | BB | | 469,748 | | | 4.1 | | | 438,497 | | | 3.9 | |
4 | | B | | 199,893 | | | 1.7 | | | 164,474 | | | 1.5 | |
5 | | CCC | | 63,852 | | | 0.6 | | | 65,869 | | | 0.6 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 38,962 | | | 0.3 | | | 27,142 | | | 0.2 | |
| | Total below investment grade | | 772,455 | | | 6.7 | | | 695,982 | | | 6.2 | |
| | Total fixed maturity securities - available for sale | | $ | 11,458,999 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 11,128,524 | | | 100.0 | % |
|
| |
(1) | Equivalent ratings are generally based on those provided by nationally recognized rating agencies with some exceptions for certain residential mortgage and asset-backed securities where they are based on the expected loss of the security rather than the probability of default. |
See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for a summary of fixed maturity securities by contractual maturity date.
Military housing fixed maturity securities with characteristics similar to commercial mortgage-backed securities and an estimated fair value of $215.2 million at December 31, 2010 were reclassified within the following schedules. These securities were previously included within the state, municipal and other governments category.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross Unrealized Gains and Gross Unrealized Losses by Internal Industry Classification |
| |
| March 31, 2011 |
| Total Carrying Value | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic industrial | $ | 484,180 | | | $ | 394,912 | | | $ | 31,143 | | | $ | 89,268 | | | $ | (6,103 | ) |
Capital goods | 342,591 | | | 299,674 | | | 22,876 | | | 42,917 | | | (4,424 | ) |
Communications | 228,355 | | | 199,642 | | | 14,683 | | | 28,713 | | | (328 | ) |
Consumer cyclical | 314,717 | | | 282,630 | | | 20,439 | | | 32,087 | | | (2,249 | ) |
Consumer noncyclical | 443,193 | | | 403,297 | | | 33,198 | | | 39,896 | | | (935 | ) |
Energy | 669,651 | | | 530,966 | | | 38,785 | | | 138,685 | | | (5,804 | ) |
Finance | 1,648,370 | | | 1,217,494 | | | 74,463 | | | 430,876 | | | (31,908 | ) |
Transportation | 173,214 | | | 145,427 | | | 12,712 | | | 27,787 | | | (810 | ) |
Utilities | 1,241,565 | | | 1,087,628 | | | 86,524 | | | 153,937 | | | (8,049 | ) |
Other | 163,149 | | | 143,687 | | | 10,954 | | | 19,462 | | | (2,063 | ) |
Total corporate securities | 5,708,985 | | | 4,705,357 | | | 345,777 | | | 1,003,628 | | | (62,673 | ) |
Collateralized debt obligation | 3,127 | | | 3,127 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Mortgage and asset-backed securities | 3,540,816 | | | 2,724,459 | | | 118,676 | | | 816,357 | | | (133,089 | ) |
United States Government and agencies | 126,972 | | | 71,626 | | | 6,148 | | | 55,346 | | | (2,831 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | 2,079,099 | | | 1,057,703 | | | 27,032 | | | 1,021,396 | | | (69,464 | ) |
Total | $ | 11,458,999 | | | $ | 8,562,272 | | | $ | 497,633 | | | $ | 2,896,727 | | | $ | (268,057 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2010 |
| Total Carrying Value | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Corporate securities: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic industrial | $ | 460,491 | | | $ | 374,658 | | | $ | 31,318 | | | $ | 85,833 | | | $ | (8,871 | ) |
Capital goods | 329,229 | | | 284,160 | | | 23,760 | | | 45,069 | | | (10,278 | ) |
Communications | 214,962 | | | 206,979 | | | 14,965 | | | 7,983 | | | (182 | ) |
Consumer cyclical | 295,336 | | | 250,864 | | | 19,694 | | | 44,472 | | | (3,192 | ) |
Consumer noncyclical | 436,122 | | | 404,867 | | | 35,918 | | | 31,255 | | | (960 | ) |
Energy | 652,011 | | | 537,306 | | | 42,672 | | | 114,705 | | | (6,068 | ) |
Finance | 1,550,930 | | | 1,054,067 | | | 60,322 | | | 496,863 | | | (54,792 | ) |
Transportation | 174,969 | | | 167,667 | | | 15,223 | | | 7,302 | | | (161 | ) |
Utilities | 1,207,759 | | | 1,054,920 | | | 92,636 | | | 152,839 | | | (7,322 | ) |
Other | 147,390 | | | 122,525 | | | 10,982 | | | 24,865 | | | (2,487 | ) |
Total corporate securities | 5,469,199 | | | 4,458,013 | | | 347,490 | | | 1,011,186 | | | (94,313 | ) |
Collateralized debt obligations | 2,745 | | | 2,745 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Mortgage and asset-backed securities | 3,480,769 | | | 2,468,577 | | | 116,649 | | | 1,012,192 | | | (167,660 | ) |
United States Government and agencies | 134,085 | | | 93,298 | | | 7,059 | | | 40,787 | | | (225 | ) |
State, municipal and other governments | 2,041,726 | | | 904,901 | | | 21,121 | | | 1,136,825 | | | (75,927 | ) |
Total | $ | 11,128,524 | | | $ | 7,927,534 | | | $ | 492,319 | | | $ | 3,200,990 | | | $ | (338,125 | ) |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit Quality of Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities with Unrealized Losses |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | March 31, 2011 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 1,870,651 | | | 64.6 | % | | $ | (113,389 | ) | | 42.3 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 561,063 | | | 19.4 | | | (38,426 | ) | | 14.3 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 2,431,714 | | | 84.0 | | | (151,815 | ) | | 56.6 | |
3 | | BB | | 216,544 | | | 7.5 | | | (32,394 | ) | | 12.1 | |
4 | | B | | 157,031 | | | 5.3 | | | (35,212 | ) | | 13.1 | |
5 | | CCC | | 60,511 | | | 2.1 | | | (31,225 | ) | | 11.6 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 30,927 | | | 1.1 | | | (17,411 | ) | | 6.6 | |
| | Total below investment grade | | 465,013 | | | 16.0 | | | (116,242 | ) | | 43.4 | |
| | Total | | $ | 2,896,727 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | (268,057 | ) | | 100.0 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | December 31, 2010 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 2,156,789 | | | 67.4 | % | | $ | (145,143 | ) | | 42.9 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 604,127 | | | 18.9 | | | (54,296 | ) | | 16.1 | |
| | Total investment grade | | 2,760,916 | | | 86.3 | | | (199,439 | ) | | 59.0 | |
3 | | BB | | 210,968 | | | 6.6 | | | (30,740 | ) | | 9.1 | |
4 | | B | | 142,756 | | | 4.5 | | | (37,971 | ) | | 11.2 | |
5 | | CCC | | 59,928 | | | 1.9 | | | (47,992 | ) | | 14.2 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 26,422 | | | 0.7 | | | (21,983 | ) | | 6.5 | |
| | Total below investment grade | | 440,074 | | | 13.7 | | | (138,686 | ) | | 41.0 | |
| | Total | | $ | 3,200,990 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | (338,125 | ) | | 100.0 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities with Unrealized Losses by Length of Time |
| | | |
| March 31, 2011 |
| | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| Number of Issuers | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Three months or less | 64 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 351,172 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (3,345 | ) |
Greater than three months to six months | 203 | | | — | | | 1,092,265 | | | — | | | (34,541 | ) |
Greater than six months to nine months | 4 | | | — | | | 14,459 | | | — | | | (880 | ) |
Greater than nine months to twelve months | 2 | | | — | | | 2,257 | | | — | | | (57 | ) |
Greater than twelve months | 208 | | | 191,534 | | | 1,513,097 | | | (81,779 | ) | | (147,455 | ) |
Total | | | $ | 191,534 | | | $ | 2,973,250 | | | $ | (81,779 | ) | | $ | (186,278 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2010 |
| | | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| Number of Issuers | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost | | Market Value is Less than 75% of Cost | | Market Value is 75% or Greater than Cost |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Three months or less | 258 | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,448,149 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (37,190 | ) |
Greater than three months to six months | 7 | | 24,069 | | | 8,000 | | | (979 | ) | | (4,720 | ) |
Greater than six months to nine months | 2 | | — | | | 5,544 | | | — | | | (43 | ) |
Greater than nine months to twelve months | 2 | | — | | | 2,987 | | | — | | | (205 | ) |
Greater than twelve months | 232 | | 295,272 | | | 1,755,094 | | | (123,979 | ) | | (171,009 | ) |
Total | | | $ | 319,341 | | | $ | 3,219,774 | | | $ | (124,958 | ) | | $ | (213,167 | ) |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities with Unrealized Losses by Maturity Date |
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Carrying Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Due in one year or less | $ | 5,492 | | | $ | (72 | ) | | $ | 94 | | | $ | (26 | ) |
Due after one year through five years | 67,089 | | | (5,988 | ) | | 110,891 | | | (15,476 | ) |
Due after five years through ten years | 289,785 | | | (14,001 | ) | | 286,568 | | | (21,562 | ) |
Due after ten years | 1,718,004 | | | (114,907 | ) | | 1,791,245 | | | (133,401 | ) |
| 2,080,370 | | | (134,968 | ) | | 2,188,798 | | | (170,465 | ) |
Mortgage and asset-backed | 816,357 | | | (133,089 | ) | | 1,012,192 | | | (167,660 | ) |
Total | $ | 2,896,727 | | | $ | (268,057 | ) | | $ | 3,200,990 | | | $ | (338,125 | ) |
See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for additional analysis of these unrealized losses.
Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities
Mortgage and other asset-backed securities comprised 30.9% at March 31, 2011 and 31.3% at December 31, 2010 of our total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. These securities are purchased when we believe these types of investments provide superior risk-adjusted returns compared to returns of more conventional investments such as corporate bonds and mortgage loans. These securities are diversified as to collateral types, cash flow characteristics and maturity.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities by Type |
| | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 |
| Amortized Cost | | Par Value | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturity Securities |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Residential mortgage-backed securities: | | | | | | | |
Sequential | $ | 1,214,627 | | | $ | 1,228,652 | | | $ | 1,229,695 | | | 10.7 | % |
Pass-through | 224,832 | | | 217,431 | | | 229,004 | | | 2.0 | |
Planned and targeted amortization class | 466,725 | | | 470,871 | | | 478,494 | | | 4.2 | |
Other | 36,121 | | | 36,206 | | | 36,590 | | | 0.3 | |
Total residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,942,305 | | | 1,953,160 | | | 1,973,783 | | | 17.2 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 1,065,345 | | | 1,083,968 | | | 1,064,272 | | | 9.3 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 547,579 | | | 638,154 | | | 502,761 | | | 4.4 | |
Total | $ | 3,555,229 | | | $ | 3,675,282 | | | $ | 3,540,816 | | | 30.9 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Par Value | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturity Securities |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Residential mortgage-backed securities: | | | | | | | |
Sequential | $ | 1,219,828 | | | $ | 1,232,133 | | | $ | 1,219,618 | | | 11.0 | % |
Pass-through | 238,425 | | | 230,475 | | | 243,371 | | | 2.2 | |
Planned and targeted amortization class | 465,353 | | | 469,559 | | | 468,052 | | | 4.2 | |
Other | 37,852 | | | 37,942 | | | 38,197 | | | 0.3 | |
Total residential mortgage-backed securities | 1,961,458 | | | 1,970,109 | | | 1,969,238 | | | 17.7 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 1,034,478 | | | 1,046,609 | | | 1,031,062 | | | 9.3 | |
Other asset-backed securities | 535,844 | | | 622,267 | | | 480,469 | | | 4.3 | |
Total | $ | 3,531,780 | | | $ | 3,638,985 | | | $ | 3,480,769 | | | 31.3 | % |
The residential mortgage-backed portfolio includes pass-through and collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) securities. With a pass-through security, we receive a pro rata share of principal payments as payments are made on the underlying mortgage loans. CMOs consist of pools of mortgages divided into sections or "tranches" which provide sequential retirement of the bonds.
The commercial mortgage-backed securities are primarily sequential securities. Commercial mortgage-backed securities typically have cash flows that are less subject to refinance risk than residential mortgage-backed securities principally due to prepayment restrictions on many of the underlying commercial mortgage loans.
The other asset-backed securities are backed by both residential and non-residential collateral. The collateral for residential asset-backed securities primarily consists of second lien fixed-rate home equity loans. The cash flows of these securities are less subject to prepayment risk than residential mortgage-backed securities as the borrowers are less likely to refinance than those with only a first lien mortgage. The collateral for non-residential asset-backed securities primarily includes securities backed by credit card receivables, auto dealer receivables, auto installment loans, aircraft leases, middle market business loans, timeshare receivables and trade and account receivables. These securities are high quality, short-duration assets with limited cash flow variability.
Our direct exposure to the Alt-A home equity and subprime first-lien sectors is limited to investments in structured securities collateralized by senior tranches of residential mortgage loans with this exposure. We also have a partnership interest in an investment grade securities fund that owns securities backed by Alt-A home equity, subprime first-lien and adjustable rate mortgage collateral. The fund is reported as securities and indebtedness of related parties in our consolidated balances sheets with a fair value of $32.1 million at March 31, 2011 and $30.1 million at December 31, 2010. We do not own any direct investments in subprime lenders or adjustable rate mortgages.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage and Asset-Backed Securities by Collateral Type |
| |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturity Securities | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Fixed Maturity Securities |
| (Dollars in thousands) | | (Dollars in thousands) |
Government agency | $ | 813,950 | | | $ | 852,655 | | | 7.4 | % | | $ | 748,345 | | | $ | 787,188 | | | 7.1 | % |
Prime | 766,186 | | | 771,372 | | | 6.7 | | | 843,921 | | | 837,231 | | | 7.5 | |
Alt-A | 483,212 | | | 441,231 | | | 3.9 | | | 492,355 | | | 430,786 | | | 3.9 | |
Subprime | 30,124 | | | 23,308 | | | 0.2 | | | 30,117 | | | 23,540 | | | 0.2 | |
Commercial mortgage | 1,065,345 | | | 1,064,272 | | | 9.3 | | | 1,034,478 | | | 1,031,062 | | | 9.3 | |
Non-mortgage | 396,412 | | | 387,978 | | | 3.4 | | | 382,564 | | | 370,962 | | | 3.3 | |
Total | $ | 3,555,229 | | | $ | 3,540,816 | | | 30.9 | % | | $ | 3,531,780 | | | $ | 3,480,769 | | | 31.3 | % |
The mortgage and asset-backed securities can be summarized into three broad categories: residential, commercial and other asset-backed securities.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities by Collateral Type and Origination Year | | |
| |
| March 31, 2011 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2011 | $ | 75,569 | | | $ | 77,597 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 75,569 | | | $ | 77,597 | |
2010 | 241,330 | | | 244,606 | | | 12,704 | | | 12,645 | | | 254,034 | | | 257,251 | |
2009 | 74,384 | | | 76,801 | | | — | | | — | | | 74,384 | | | 76,801 | |
2008 | 124,125 | | | 131,386 | | | — | | | — | | | 124,125 | | | 131,386 | |
2007 | 65,905 | | | 68,469 | | | 56,628 | | | 41,520 | | | 122,533 | | | 109,989 | |
2006 and prior | 978,084 | | | 1,013,466 | | | 313,576 | | | 307,293 | | | 1,291,660 | | | 1,320,759 | |
Total | $ | 1,559,397 | | | $ | 1,612,325 | | | $ | 382,908 | | | $ | 361,458 | | | $ | 1,942,305 | | | $ | 1,973,783 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2010 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2010 | $ | 241,634 | | | $ | 244,746 | | | $ | 13,602 | | | $ | 13,602 | | | $ | 255,236 | | | $ | 258,348 | |
2009 | 75,581 | | | 78,289 | | | — | | | — | | | 75,581 | | | 78,289 | |
2008 | 128,842 | | | 136,355 | | | — | | | — | | | 128,842 | | | 136,355 | |
2007 | 66,159 | | | 69,029 | | | 57,723 | | | 39,470 | | | 123,882 | | | 108,499 | |
2006 | 77,234 | | | 72,666 | | | 22,071 | | | 15,369 | | | 99,305 | | | 88,035 | |
2005 and prior | 981,997 | | | 1,013,159 | | | 296,615 | | | 286,553 | | | 1,278,612 | | | 1,299,712 | |
Total | $ | 1,571,447 | | | $ | 1,614,244 | | | $ | 390,011 | | | $ | 354,994 | | | $ | 1,961,458 | | | $ | 1,969,238 | |
|
| |
(1) | Insurance on 2006 Alt-A issues is provided by MBIA Insurance Corporation (79% in 2011 and 2010). Insurance on 2007 Alt-A issues is provided by Assured Guaranty Ltd. (32% in 2011 and 2010) and MBIA Insurance Corporation (27% in 2011 and 26% in 2010). There is no insurance coverage on Government & Prime investments or Alt-A investments with collateral originating prior to 2006 or after 2007. |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 1,907,311 | | | 96.6 | % | | $ | 1,905,909 | | | 96.8 | % |
3 | | BB | | 24,834 | | | 1.3 | | | 26,850 | | | 1.3 | |
4 | | B | | 41,621 | | | 2.1 | | | 36,462 | | | 1.9 | |
5 | | CCC | | 17 | | | — | | | 17 | | | — | |
| | Total | | $ | 1,973,783 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,969,238 | | | 100.0 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities by Origination Year |
| | | | | |
| March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2011 | $ | 56,832 | | | $ | 57,004 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
2010 | 22,900 | | | 23,218 | | | 23,039 | | | 23,212 | |
2009 | 41,490 | | | 48,721 | | | 41,341 | | | 47,799 | |
2008 | 209,594 | | | 229,385 | | | 209,474 | | | 232,797 | |
2007 | 257,741 | | | 247,370 | | | 260,349 | | | 244,603 | |
2006 and prior | 476,788 | | | 458,574 | | | 500,275 | | | 482,651 | |
Total | $ | 1,065,345 | | | $ | 1,064,272 | | | $ | 1,034,478 | | | $ | 1,031,062 | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Rating | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | GNMA | | $ | 325,632 | | | 30.6 | % | | $ | 306,724 | | | 29.8 | % |
1 | | FNMA | | 16,092 | | | 1.5 | | | 16,334 | | | 1.6 | |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | | | | | | | |
| | Generic | | 244,262 | | | 23.0 | | | 227,623 | | | 22.1 | |
| | Super Senior | | 204,279 | | | 19.2 | | | 213,922 | | | 20.7 | |
| | Mezzanine | | 8,242 | | | 0.8 | | | 8,320 | | | 0.8 | |
| | Junior | | 72,862 | | | 6.9 | | | 70,810 | | | 6.9 | |
| | Total AAA, AA, A | | 529,645 | | | 49.9 | | | 520,675 | | | 50.5 | |
2 | | BBB | | 82,311 | | | 7.7 | | | 90,548 | | | 8.8 | |
3 | | BB | | 56,584 | | | 5.3 | | | 44,833 | | | 4.3 | |
4 | | B | | 45,101 | | | 4.2 | | | 44,670 | | | 4.3 | |
5 | | CCC | | 8,907 | | | 0.8 | | | 7,278 | | | 0.7 | |
| | Total | | $ | 1,064,272 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 1,031,062 | | | 100.0 | % |
Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) guarantees principal and interest on mortgage backed securities. The guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. The Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Association (FHLMC) are government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) that were chartered by Congress to reduce borrowing costs for certain homeowners. GSEs have carried an implicit backing of the United States Government but do not have explicit guarantees like GNMA. The Housing and Economic Recovery act of 2008 allows the government to expand its line of credit to $200 billion each for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Late in 2009, the U.S. Treasury revised these caps to expand as needed to cover losses over the next three years. The revision was intended to show support for these firms throughout the housing crisis by the U.S. Treasury.
The AAA, AA and A rated commercial mortgage-backed securities are broken down into categories based on subordination levels. Rating agencies disclose subordination levels, which measure the amount of credit support that the bonds (or tranches) have from subordinated bonds (or tranches). Generic is a term used for securities issued prior to 2005. The super senior securities have subordination levels greater than 27%, the mezzanine securities have subordination levels in the 17% to 27% range and the junior securities have subordination levels in the 9% to 16% range. Also included in the commercial mortgage backed securities are military housing bonds totaling $221.4 million at March 31, 2011 and $215.2 million at December 31, 2010. These bonds are used to fund the construction of multi-family homes on United States military bases. The bonds are backed by a first mortgage lien on residential military housing projects.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Asset-Backed Securities by Collateral Type and Origination Year |
| |
| March 31, 2011 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Subprime | | Non-Mortgage | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2011 | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 12,878 | | | $ | 12,902 | | | $ | 12,878 | | | $ | 12,902 | |
2010 | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 164,512 | | | 165,270 | | | 164,512 | | | 165,270 | |
2009 | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 61,688 | | | 62,174 | | | 61,688 | | | 62,174 | |
2007 | 9,974 | | | 5,405 | | | 15,776 | | | 7,749 | | | — | | | — | | | 63,360 | | | 64,033 | | | 89,110 | | | 77,187 | |
2006 and prior | 10,765 | | | 6,297 | | | 84,528 | | | 72,024 | | | 30,124 | | | 23,308 | | | 93,974 | | | 83,599 | | | 219,391 | | | 185,228 | |
Total | $ | 20,739 | | | $ | 11,702 | | | $ | 100,304 | | | $ | 79,773 | | | $ | 30,124 | | | $ | 23,308 | | | $ | 396,412 | | | $ | 387,978 | | | $ | 547,579 | | | $ | 502,761 | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2010 |
| Government & Prime | | Alt-A | | Subprime | | Non-Mortgage | | Total |
| Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost (1) | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value | | Amortized Cost | | Carrying Value |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2010 | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 169,631 | | | $ | 170,212 | | | $ | 169,631 | | | $ | 170,212 | |
2009 | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 61,791 | | | 62,415 | | | 61,791 | | | 62,415 | |
2007 | 9,976 | | | 3,840 | | | 15,864 | | | 6,940 | | | — | | | — | | | 61,843 | | | 62,211 | | | 87,683 | | | 72,991 | |
2006 | 8,630 | | | 4,011 | | | 58,456 | | | 43,587 | | | — | | | — | | | 32,242 | | | 33,077 | | | 99,328 | | | 80,675 | |
2005 and prior | 2,213 | | | 2,324 | | | 28,024 | | | 25,265 | | | 30,117 | | | 23,540 | | | 57,057 | | | 43,047 | | | 117,411 | | | 94,176 | |
Total | $ | 20,819 | | | $ | 10,175 | | | $ | 102,344 | | | $ | 75,792 | | | $ | 30,117 | | | $ | 23,540 | | | $ | 382,564 | | | $ | 370,962 | | | $ | 535,844 | | | $ | 480,469 | |
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(1) | Insurance on 2006 Alt-A issues is provided by Financial Guaranty Insurance Co. (FGIC) (39% in 2011 and 40% in 2010) and AMBAC Assurance Corporation (Ambac) (34% in 2011 and 2010). Insurance on 2007 Alt-A issues is provided by Ambac (46% in 2011 and 2010), MBIA Insurance Corporation (32% in 2011 and 31% in 2010) and FGIC (22% in 2011 and 23% in 2010). The 2006 and 2007 Government & Prime issues are 100% insured by Ambac (2006 issues) and MBIA Insurance Corporation (2007 issues). There is no insurance coverage on other asset-backed securities with subprime or non-mortgage collateral or collateral originating prior to 2006 or after 2007. |
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Other Asset-Backed Securities by NAIC Designation and Equivalent Rating | | |
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| | | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
NAIC Designation | | Equivalent Ratings | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total | | Carrying Value | | Percent of Total |
| | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
1 | | AAA, AA, A | | $ | 464,584 | | | 92.4 | % | | $ | 449,230 | | | 93.5 | % |
2 | | BBB | | 9,762 | | | 1.9 | | | 8,251 | | | 1.7 | |
3 | | BB | | 318 | | | 0.1 | | | 339 | | | 0.1 | |
4 | | B | | 4,553 | | | 0.9 | | | 4,729 | | | 1.0 | |
5 | | CCC | | 21,634 | | | 4.3 | | | 16,635 | | | 3.4 | |
6 | | In or near default | | 1,910 | | | 0.4 | | | 1,285 | | | 0.3 | |
| | Total | | $ | 502,761 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 480,469 | | | 100.0 | % |
The mortgage and asset-backed portfolios include securities wrapped by monoline bond insurers to provide additional credit enhancement for the investment. We believe these securities were underwritten at investment grade levels excluding any credit enhancing protection. At March 31, 2011, the fair value of our insured mortgage and asset-backed holdings totaled $100.4 million, or 2.8% of our mortgage and asset-backed portfolios and 0.9% of our total fixed income portfolio.
During 2009, FGIC was downgraded by rating agencies and in November of 2009 was ordered to stop making payments. In March 2010, the Wisconsin Insurance Commissioner placed a temporary moratorium on payments for Ambac wrapped residential mortgage-backed securities. Securities with existing or expected cash flow concerns that are wrapped by FGIC or Ambac have been other-than-temporarily impaired. We do not consider the investments wrapped by other monoline bond insurers to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2011 because we do not have reason to believe that those
guarantees, if needed, will not be honored. We do not directly own any fixed income or equity investments in monoline bond insurers.
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Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities and Other Asset-Backed Securities by Insurance |
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| | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 |
| Insurers' S&P Rating (1) | | Residential Mortgage- Backed | | Other Asset- Backed | | Total Carrying Value | | Residential Mortgage- Backed | | Other Asset- Backed | | Total Carrying Value |
Insured: | | | (Dollars in thousands) |
Ambac | NR (2) | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,684 | | | $ | 18,684 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 16,124 | | | $ | 16,124 | |
Assured Guaranty Ltd. | AA+ | | 13,733 | | | — | | | 13,733 | | | 14,182 | | | — | | | 14,182 | |
FGIC | NR (2) | | — | | | 33,104 | | | 33,104 | | | — | | | 33,547 | | | 33,547 | |
MBIA Insurance Corporation | B | | 19,203 | | | 15,664 | | | 34,867 | | | 17,414 | | | 13,492 | | | 30,906 | |
Total with insurance | | 32,936 | | | 67,452 | | | 100,388 | | | 31,596 | | | 63,163 | | | 94,759 | |
Uninsured: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
GNMA | | | 201,492 | | | — | | | 201,492 | | | 194,057 | | | — | | | 194,057 | |
FHLMC | | | 360,109 | | | 2,228 | | | 362,337 | | | 316,336 | | | 2,295 | | | 318,631 | |
FNMA | | | 288,789 | | | 26 | | | 288,815 | | | 274,459 | | | 28 | | | 274,487 | |
Other | | | 1,090,457 | | | 433,055 | | | 1,523,512 | | | 1,152,790 | | | 414,983 | | | 1,567,773 | |
Total | | | $ | 1,973,783 | | | $ | 502,761 | | | $ | 2,476,544 | | | $ | 1,969,238 | | | $ | 480,469 | | | $ | 2,449,707 | |
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(1) | Rating in effect as of March 31, 2011. |
(2) | No formal published rating. |
Collateralized Debt Obligations
We held one collateralized debt obligation investment at March 31, 2011, which is backed by credit default swaps with no home equity exposure. As discussed in Note 3, we began reporting this security at fair value with changes in market value reflected as derivative income or loss within the consolidated statements of operations in accordance with an accounting change effective July 1, 2010.
State, Municipal and Other Government Securities
State, municipal and other government securities totaled $2.1 billion, or 18.1% of our portfolio and include investments in general obligation, revenue and municipal housing bonds. Our investment strategy is to utilize municipal bonds in addition to corporate bonds, as we believe they provide additional diversification and have historically low default rates compared with similarly rated corporate bonds. We evaluate the credit strength of the underlying issues on both a quantitative and qualitative basis, excluding insurance, prior to acquisition. The majority of the municipal bonds we hold are investment grade credits without consideration of insurance. Our municipal bonds are well diversified by type and geography with the top exposure being school general obligation bonds. Our municipal bond exposure has an average rating of AA and is trading at 98.0% of book value. The insolvency of one or more of the credit enhancing entities would be a meaningful short-term market liquidity event, but would not dramatically increase our investment portfolio's risk profile. Military housing fixed maturity securities with characteristics similar to commercial mortgage-backed securities were reclassified from state, municipal and other government securities to commercial mortgage-backed securities.
Equity Securities
Equity securities totaled $80.6 million at March 31, 2011 and $78.7 million at December 31, 2010. Gross unrealized gains totaled $3.6 million and gross unrealized losses totaled $0.9 million at March 31, 2011. At December 31, 2010, gross unrealized gains totaled $3.0 million and gross unrealized losses totaled $2.0 million on these securities. The unrealized losses are primarily attributable to nonredeemable perpetual preferred securities from issuers in the financial sector. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion regarding our analysis of unrealized losses related to these securities.
Mortgage Loans
Mortgage loans totaled $1,249.9 million at March 31, 2011 and $1,254.4 million at December 31, 2010. Our mortgage loans are diversified as to property type, location and loan size, and are collateralized by the related properties. There were two mortgage loans more than 60 days delinquent with a carrying value of $16.7 million at March 31, 2011 and $16.8 million at December 31, 2010. The total number of commercial mortgage loans outstanding was 325 at March 31, 2011 and 326 at December 31, 2010. In 2011, new loans ranged from $0.7 million to $8.0 million in size, with an average loan size of $3.4 million and an average loan term of 15 years. Our mortgage lending policies establish limits on the amount that can be loaned to one borrower and require diversification by geographic location and collateral type. The majority of our mortgage loans amortize principal, with 7.0% that are interest only loans at March 31, 2011. At March 31, 2011, the average loan-to-value of the current outstanding principal balance using the most recent appraised value was 56.1% and the weighted average debt service coverage ratio was 1.5 based on the results of our 2009 annual study. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion regarding our mortgage loans.
Derivative Instruments
Derivative instruments totaling $40.9 million at March 31, 2011 and $40.7 million at December 31, 2010 consist primarily of call options supporting our index annuity business net of collateral received from counterparties.
Asset-Liability Management
Our asset-liability management program includes (i) designing and developing products that encourage persistency and help ensure targeted spreads are earned and, as a result, create a stable liability structure, and (ii) structuring the investment portfolio with duration and cash flow characteristics consistent with the duration and cash flow characteristics of our insurance liabilities. The weighted average life of the fixed maturity and mortgage loan portfolio based on fair values was approximately 8.7 years at March 31, 2011 and 8.6 years at December 31, 2010. While it can be difficult to maintain asset and liability durations that are perfectly matched in a dynamic environment, we have identified various strategies that can be implemented if duration mismatches exceed acceptable tolerances. The effective duration of the fixed maturity and mortgage loan portfolios backing our annuity products was 5.7 at March 31, 2011 and 5.9 at December 31, 2010. The effective duration of our annuity liabilities was approximately 6.7 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
Other Assets
Deferred policy acquisition costs decreased 4.2% to $777.7 million and deferred sales inducements decreased 4.8% to $246.7 million at March 31, 2011 primarily due to the impact of the change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities. The impact of unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities decreased deferred policy acquisition costs $130.6 million at March 31, 2011 and $90.7 million at December 31, 2010; and decreased deferred sales inducements $12.1 million at March 31, 2011 compared to an increase of $1.3 million at December 31, 2010.
Liabilities
Future policy benefits increased 1.8% to $12,224.9 million at March 31, 2011 primarily due to an increase in the volume of index annuity and exclusive annuity business in force. Other liabilities decreased 17.8% to $145.7 million primarily due to decreases in payables for securities purchased and accrued expenses.
Stockholders' Equity
FBL Financial Group, Inc. stockholders' equity increased 3.8% to $1,190.1 million at March 31, 2011, compared to $1,146.3 million at December 31, 2010, primarily due to net income and the change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation on fixed maturity securities during the period.
At March 31, 2011, FBL's common stockholders' equity was $1,187.1 million, or $38.13 per share, compared to $1,143.3 million or $36.95 per share at December 31, 2010. Included in stockholders' equity per common share is $1.74 at March 31, 2011 and $1.29 at December 31, 2010 attributable to accumulated other comprehensive income.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows
During 2011, our operating activities generated cash flows totaling $98.1 million consisting of net income of $26.5 million adjusted for non-cash operating revenues and expenses netting to $71.6 million. We used cash of $90.4 million in our investing activities during the 2011 period. The primary uses were $610.6 million of investment acquisitions, mostly in fixed maturity securities, partially offset by $365.1 million in sales, maturities and repayments of investments. Our financing activities provided cash of $104.5 million during the 2011 period. The primary sources were $393.4 million in receipts from interest sensitive and index products credited to policyholder account balances, partially offset by $290.7 million for return of policyholder account balances on interest sensitive and index products.
Sources and Uses of Capital Resources
Parent company cash inflows from operations consist primarily of (i) dividends from subsidiaries, if declared and paid, (ii) fees that it charges the various subsidiaries and affiliates for management of their operations, (iii) expense reimbursements from subsidiaries and affiliates, (iv) proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options, (v) proceeds from borrowings, (vi) tax settlements between the parent company and its subsidiaries and (vii) investment income. Revenue sources for the parent company during the three months ended March 31, 2011 included management fees from subsidiaries and affiliates of $1.9 million. Cash outflows are principally for salaries, taxes and other expenses related to providing these management services, dividends on outstanding stock and interest and principal repayments on our parent company debt.
The Life Companies' cash inflows consist primarily of premium income, deposits to policyholder account balances, income from investments, sales, maturities and calls of investments, repayments of investment principal and proceeds from call option settlements. The Life Companies' cash outflows are primarily related to withdrawals of policyholder account balances, investment purchases, payment of policy acquisition costs, policyholder benefits, income taxes, dividends and current operating expenses. Life insurance companies generally produce a positive cash flow which may be measured by the degree to which cash inflows are adequate to meet benefit obligations to policyholders and normal operating expenses as they are incurred. The remaining cash flow is generally used to increase the asset base to provide funds to meet the need for future policy benefit payments and for writing new business. The Life Companies' continuing operations and financing activities relating to interest sensitive and index products provided funds totaling $200.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and $244.1 million for the 2010 period.
The ability of the Life Companies to pay dividends to FBL Financial Group, Inc. is limited by law to earned profits (statutory unassigned surplus) as of the date the dividend is paid, as determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities of the State of Iowa. During the remainder of 2011, the maximum amount legally available for distribution to FBL Financial Group, Inc., without further regulatory approval, is $60.1 million from Farm Bureau Life and $43.8 million from EquiTrust Life.
Interest payments on our debt totaled $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. Interest payments on our debt outstanding at March 31, 2011 are estimated to be $15.9 million for the remainder of 2011. As discussed in Note 9, "Subsequent Events," to our consolidated financial statements, in the second quarter of 2011, we refinanced our $100.0 million of 9.25% Senior Notes payable to affiliates with $100.0 million of 6.10% Senior Notes payable to the same affiliates.
We paid cash dividends on our common and preferred stock during the three-month period totaling $1.9 million in 2011 and 2010. It is anticipated that quarterly cash dividend requirements for the second quarter of 2011 will be $0.0075 per Series B redeemable preferred share and $0.0625 per common share. The level of common stock dividends will be analyzed quarterly and will be dependent upon our capital and liquidity positions. Assuming a dividend rate of $0.0625 per common share, the common and preferred dividends would total approximately $5.9 million during the remainder of 2011. The Company is licensed by the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation (IFBF), our majority shareholder, to use the "Farm Bureau" and "FB" designations and pays royalty fees to the IFBF as a result of this royalty agreement. The royalty agreement provides an option for the IFBF to terminate the agreement when FBL's quarterly common stock dividend is less than $0.10 per share. Assuming no further reduction in the quarterly dividend, the IFBF has agreed to temporarily forgo its right of termination through December 31, 2011 and we anticipate they will continue to forgo such right thereafter.
FBL Financial Group, Inc. expects to rely on available cash resources and dividends from Farm Bureau Life to make dividend payments to its stockholders and interest payments on its debt. The parent company had available cash and investments totaling $37.2 million at March 31, 2011. We anticipate that FBL Financial Group, Inc. will receive dividends totaling $15.0 million from Farm Bureau Life and $2.2 million from other non-life insurance subsidiaries during the remainder of 2011.
We manage the amount of our capital to be consistent with statutory and rating agency requirements. As of March 31, 2011, we estimate that we have sufficient capital in the life insurance subsidiaries, combined with capital at the holding company, to meet our rating objectives. However, this capital may not be sufficient if significant future losses are incurred or market conditions provide limited access to additional capital.
As of March 31, 2011, we had no material commitments for capital expenditures.
On a consolidated basis, we anticipate that funds to meet our short-term and long-term capital expenditures, cash dividends to stockholders and operating cash needs will come from existing capital and internally generated funds. We continuously monitor market conditions, as there can be no assurance that future experience regarding benefits and surrenders will be similar to historic experience since benefits and surrender levels are influenced by such factors as the interest rate environment, our financial strength ratings, the economy and other factors that impact policyholder behavior. Our investment portfolio at March 31, 2011, included $226.7 million of short-term investments, $117.0 million of cash and $1,343.4 million in carrying value of U.S. Government and U.S. Government agency backed securities that could be readily converted to cash at or near carrying value. In addition, Farm Bureau Life and EquiTrust Life are members of the FHLB, which provides a source for additional liquidity if needed. This membership allows the companies to utilize fixed or floating rate advances offered by the FHLB and secured by qualifying collateral. Our total capacity to utilize such advances is impacted by multiple factors including total market value of eligible collateral, level of statutory admitted assets and excess reserves and our willingness or capacity to hold activity-based FHLB common stock.
Contractual Obligations
In the normal course of business, we enter into insurance contracts, financing transactions, lease agreements or other commitments which are necessary or beneficial to our operations. These commitments may obligate us to certain cash flows during future periods. There have been no material changes to our total contractual obligations since December 31, 2010.
Recently Adopted Accounting Changes
See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that have been implemented during 2011 and those that have been issued and will be implemented in the future.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market Risks of Financial Instruments
There have been no material changes in the market risks of our financial instruments since December 31, 2010.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
At the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our internal control over financial reporting changes from time-to-time as we modify and enhance our systems and processes to meet our dynamic needs. Changes are also made as we strive to be more efficient in how we conduct our business. Any significant changes in controls are evaluated prior to implementation to help ensure the continued effectiveness of our internal controls and internal control environment. While changes have taken place in our internal controls during the quarter ended March 31, 2011, there have been no changes that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
(a) Exhibits:
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10.1*+ | 2006 Class A Common Stock Compensation Plan as amended through February 17, 2011 |
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10.1(a)*+ | Form of Stock Option Agreement, pursuant to the FBL Financial Group, Inc. 2006 Class A Common Stock Compensation Plan |
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10.4(a)+ | Forbearance letter agreement dated April 25, 2011 between FBL Financial Group, Inc. and Iowa Farm Bureau Federation. |
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10.10*+ | Management Performance Plan (2011 payable 2012) |
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10.21*+ | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2011 between the Company and each of James P. Brannen, Charles T. Happel, Kevin R. Slawin and Russell J. Wiltgen |
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10.22*+ | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement, dated February 17, 2011 between the Company and James E. Hohmann |
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10.23*+ | Bonus Restricted Stock Agreement, dated February 17, 2011 between the Company and James E. Hohmann |
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31.1+ | Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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31.2+ | Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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32+ | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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* | exhibit relates to a compensatory plan for management or directors |
+ | filed herewith |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: May 9, 2011
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| FBL FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. |
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| By | /s/ James E. Hohmann |
| | James E. Hohmann |
| | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
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| By | /s/ James P. Brannen |
| | James P. Brannen |
| | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |