Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended April 30, 2010

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number 000-27141

 

 

LOGO

TIVO INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   77-0463167

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2160 Gold Street, P.O. Box 2160, Alviso, CA 95002

(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

(408) 519-9100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  x    NO  ¨.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    YES  x    NO  ¨.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Large Accelerated Filer  x    Accelerated  Filer  ¨    Non-Accelerated Filer  ¨    Smaller Reporting Company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    YES  ¨    NO  x.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, was 115,481,611 as of May 28, 2010.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I.    FINANCIAL INFORMATION    5
  ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    5
  ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS    19
  ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK    28
  ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES    28
PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION    28
  ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS    28
  ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS    29
  ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS    29
  ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES    29
  ITEM 4.    REMOVED AND RESERVED    29
  ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION    29
  ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS    30
SIGNATURES AND OFFICER CERTIFICATIONS    31

© 2010 TiVo Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Except as the context otherwise requires, the terms “TiVo,” “Registrant,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” as used herein are references to TiVo Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements relate to, among other things:

 

   

our future investments in subscription acquisition activities, offers of bundled hardware and service subscriptions, future advertising expenditures, future use of consumer rebates, hardware cost and associated subsidies, and other marketing activities and their impact on our total acquisition costs as well sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs;

 

   

our future earnings including expected future service and technology revenues and future TiVo-Owned and multiple system operators (MSOs)/Broadcasters average revenue per subscription;

 

   

our expectations of the growth in the future digital video recorder (“DVR”) market generally, and the high definition market specifically, including our expectations regarding competition and consumer acceptance of alternatives to the company’s products, including cable video on demand, streaming video on demand, and network DVRs;

 

   

our expectations regarding installation and operational issues surrounding cable-operator provided Cable Cards and switched digital devices essential for TiVo consumer devices in cable homes;

 

   

our expectations that in the future we may also offer services for non-DVR products such as our recently announced development of a broadband connected television incorporating the TiVo user interface and non-DVR software with Best Buy’s Insignia brand television sets;

 

   

our expectations of the growth of the TiVo service and technology outside the United States;

 

   

our financial results, expectations of future revenues and profitability, and expectations for the future use of advertising trade credits;

 

   

our expectations with respect to the possible future outcomes and the possible receipt of additional damages in our on-going litigation with EchoStar as well as expectations for increased legal expenses in the future;

 

   

our expectations with respect to the timing of future development and deployment with our distribution partners including the ongoing development and further deployment of the TiVo service on Comcast, the continued progress of development and future deployment of the TiVo service on Cox, the ongoing development and future launch of the High Definition (“HD”) DIRECTV DVR with TiVo service; and the future development and deployment of the TiVo service and technology with Virgin Media Limited in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) and the on-going development and integration of TiVo service and technology with conditional access security provider Conax in connection with future international distribution opportunities;

 

   

future increases in our general and administrative expenses, including expenditures related to lawsuits involving us;

 

   

future increases in our operating expenses, including increases in research and development expenses, sales and marketing and subscription acquisition costs, including our ability to retain and hire key management employees and software engineers;

 

   

future subscription growth or attrition of both TiVo-Owned and MSOs/Broadcasters (such as Comcast, DIRECTV, Seven/Hybrid TV (Australia), Television New Zealand (TVNZ) (New Zealand), and Cablevision (Mexico), and in the future Virgin Media (U.K.), Cox, and RCN) and deployment of the service by them;

 

   

expectation of future technology and service revenues from MSOs/Broadcasters, such as Comcast, Cox, DIRECTV, RCN, Seven/Hybrid TV (Australia), Television New Zealand (TVNZ) (New Zealand), Virgin Media (U.K.), and Cablevision (Mexico) and deployment of the TiVo service by them now or in the future;

 

   

our estimates of the useful life of TiVo-enabled DVRs in connection with the recognition of revenue received from product lifetime subscriptions and the expected future increase in the number of fully-amortized TiVo-Owned product lifetime subscriptions;

 

   

expectations regarding the seasonality of our business and subscription additions to the TiVo service;

 

   

our intentions to continue to grow the number of TiVo-Owned subscriptions through our relationships with major retailers and our expectations for further net declines in our TiVo-Owned as well as MSOs/Broadcasters’ subscriptions in the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011;

 

   

our expectations related to future increases in advertising and audience research measurement revenues;

 

   

our expectations related to changes in the cost of our hardware revenues and the reasons for changes in the volume of DVRs sold to retailers;

 

   

our ability to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs during the next year;

 

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our ability to raise additional capital through the financial markets in the future;

 

   

our ability to perform or comply with laws, regulations, and requirements different than those in the United States;

 

   

our estimates and expectations related to long-term investments and their associated carrying value;

 

   

our ability to oversee our outsourcing of manufacturing processes and engineering work, and management of our inventory; and

 

   

the impact of transition to digital distribution technologies by both broadcasters and cable operators.

Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “predict,” “potential,” and “anticipate” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms or expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the information contained under the caption Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date of this quarterly report and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements in this quarterly report. The reader is strongly urged to read the information set forth under the caption Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” for a more detailed description of these significant risks and uncertainties.

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share and share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     April 30, 2010     January 31, 2010  
ASSETS     

CURRENT ASSETS

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 68,121      $ 70,891   

Short-term investments

     187,355        173,691   

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $342 and $409

     19,683        16,996   

Inventories

     12,368        12,110   

Prepaid expenses and other, current (see Note 1)

     9,529        8,686   
                

Total current assets

     297,056        282,374   

LONG-TERM ASSETS

    

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $42,503 and $40,934, respectively

     11,238        10,098   

Purchased technology, capitalized software, and intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $13,153 and $12,501, respectively

     8,913        9,565   

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term

     1,281        1,263   

Long-term investments

     7,548        7,512   
                

Total long-term assets

     28,980        28,438   
                

Total assets

   $ 326,036      $ 310,812   
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

LIABILITIES

    

CURRENT LIABILITIES

    

Accounts payable

   $ 21,715      $ 20,712   

Accrued liabilities

     24,654        24,786   

Deferred revenue, current

     35,283        38,952   
                

Total current liabilities

     81,652        84,450   

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

    

Deferred revenue, long-term

     30,819        28,990   

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

     255        231   
                

Total long-term liabilities

     31,074        29,221   
                

Total liabilities

     112,726        113,671   

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (see Note 6)

    

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

Preferred stock, par value $0.001:

    

Authorized shares are 10,000,000;

    

Issued and outstanding shares - none

     0        0   

Common stock, par value $0.001:

    

Authorized shares are 275,000,000;

    

Issued shares are 116,294,027 and 110,434,022, respectively and outstanding shares are 115,411,307 and 109,869,062, respectively

     116        110   

Additional paid-in capital

     930,926        896,695   

Treasury stock, at cost - 882,720 shares and 564,960 shares, respectively

     (8,117     (4,325

Accumulated deficit (see Note 1)

     (708,913     (694,713

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (702     (626
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     213,310        197,141   
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 326,036      $ 310,812   
                
    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share and share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  

Revenues

    

Service revenues

   $ 36,244      $ 42,129   

Technology revenues

     6,973        6,386   

Hardware revenues (see Note 1)

     18,169        6,606   
                

Net revenues

     61,386        55,121   

Cost of revenues

    

Cost of service revenues (a)

     10,403        10,150   

Cost of technology revenues (a)

     5,021        4,483   

Cost of hardware revenues

     19,219        10,576   
                

Total cost of revenues

     34,643        25,209   
                

Gross margin

     26,743        29,912   
                

Research and development (a)

     18,628        15,066   

Sales and marketing (a)

     7,760        5,695   

Sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs

     3,191        982   

General and administrative (a)

     11,697        12,242   
                

Total operating expenses

     41,276        33,985   
                

Loss from operations

     (14,533     (4,073

Interest income

     369        190   

Interest expense and other

     (2     0   
                

Loss before income taxes

     (14,166     (3,883

Provision for income taxes

     (34     (16
                

Net loss

   $ (14,200   $ (3,899
                

Net loss per common share - basic and diluted

   $ (0.13   $ (0.04
                

Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss per share

     111,490,152        102,278,944   
                

 

    

(a)    Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows :

    

Cost of service revenues

   $ 132      $ 263   

Cost of technology revenues

     484        557   

Research and development

     1,786        2,491   

Sales and marketing

     817        685   

General and administrative

     2,367        3,074   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

    

Net loss

   $ (14,200   $ (3,899

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and intangibles

     2,221        2,310   

Loss on disposal of fixed assets

     42        0   

Stock-based compensation expense

     5,586        7,070   

Utilization of trade credits

     19        11   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     32        97   

Changes in assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     (2,719     2,541   

Inventories

     (258     6,101   

Prepaid expenses and other

     (880     831   

Accounts payable

     (567     (1,160

Accrued liabilities

     (132     (3,588

Deferred revenue

     (1,840     (4,852

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

     24        0   
                

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   $ (12,672   $ 5,462   
                

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

    

Purchases of short-term investments

     (45,775     (99,936

Sales or maturities of short-term investments

     31,999        79,927   

Acquisition of property and equipment

     (1,181     (2,022

Acquisition of capitalized software and intangibles

     0        (1,532
                

Net cash used in investing activities

   $ (14,957   $ (23,563
                

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

    

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

     28,651        7,957   

Treasury Stock - repurchase of stock for tax withholding

     (3,792     (2,007

Payment under capital lease obligation

     0        (19
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 24,859      $ 5,931   
                

NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

   $ (2,770   $ (12,170
                

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:

    

Balance at beginning of period

     70,891        162,337   
                

Balance at end of period

   $ 68,121      $ 150,167   
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

TiVo Inc. (together with its subsidiaries “the Company” or “TiVo”) was incorporated in August 1997 as a Delaware corporation and is located in Alviso, California. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company conducts its operations through one reportable segment.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with: generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not contain all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of April 30, 2010 and January 31, 2010 and the results of operations for the three month periods ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three month periods ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 consisting of normal recurring adjustments. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010. Operating results for the three month period ended April 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for this fiscal year ending January 31, 2011.

In connection with the preparation of its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2010, the Company determined that it had been overpaying revenue share to its partners in fiscal years 2009 and 2010 as a result of an error identified in reports used to calculate the revenue share amounts. The impact of the adjustment in the previous periods has resulted in an increase in hardware revenue with a corresponding increase in prepaid expenses for estimated amounts that the Company ultimately expects to be able to recover from its partners. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual recoveries could differ from this estimate.

The Company has also corrected an immaterial error in its statement of cash flows for the quarter ended April 30, 2009 whereby the change in accounts payable related to acquisition of property and equipment was incorrectly classified in the cash flows from operating activities and investing activities for each of the quarters in the year ended January 31, 2010.

Management concluded that these errors were immaterial to the fiscal years 2009 and 2010 consolidated financial statements, but that its correction in the current year would be significant. Accordingly, pursuant to Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 (SAB 108), “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements,” the consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2010 has been revised to reflect the increase of $1.4 million in prepaid expenses with a corresponding decrease in accumulated deficit.

Correction of statements of operations and statements of cash flows for fiscal years 2009 and 2010 will be made the next time the Company files comparative financial statement information. The impact on individual quarters in years ended January 31, 2010 and 2009 is as follows (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended     Year
ended

Jan  31,
2010
 
      Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    April 30,
2009
   

Net income (loss), as previously reported

   $ (10,181   $ (6,669   $ (2,937   $ (4,129   $ (23,916

Adjustment

   $ 199      $ 222      $ 229      $ 230      $ 880   
                                        

Net income (loss), as adjusted

   $ (9,982   $ (6,447   $ (2,708   $ (3,899   $ (23,036
                                        
     Three Months Ended     Year
ended

Jan  31,
2009
 
     Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    July 31,
2008
    April 30,
2008
   

Net income (loss), as previously reported

   $ (3,567   $ 100,626      $ 2,917      $ 3,616      $ 103,592   

Adjustment

   $ 169      $ 199      $ 151      $ 0      $ 519   
                                        

Net income (loss), as adjusted

   $ (3,398   $ 100,825      $ 3,068      $ 3,616      $ 104,111   
                                        

 

     Three months
ended
April 30,
2009
    Six months
ended
July 31,
2009
    Nine months
ended
Oct  31,

2009
    Year ended
Jan 31,
2010
 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, as previously reported

   $ 4,240      $ 8,742      $ 10,994      $ 8,408   

Adjustment

   $ 1,222      $ 1,132      $ 1,282      $ 1,172   
                                

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, as adjusted

   $ 5,462      $ 9,874      $ 12,276      $ 9,580   
                                
     Three months
ended
April 30,
2009
    Six months
ended
July 31,
2009
    Nine months
ended
Oct  31,

2009
    Year ended
Jan 31,
2010
 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities, as previously reported

   $ (22,341   $ (53,721   $ (125,200   $ (139,214

Adjustment

   $ (1,222   $ (1,132   $ (1,282   $ (1,172
                                

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities, as adjusted

   $ (23,563   $ (54,853   $ (126,482   $ (140,386
                                

There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies as compared to the significant accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2010.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There have been no recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the three months ended April 30, 2010, as compared to the recent accounting pronouncements described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, that are of significance, or potential significance to the Company. The Company is still evaluating the impact of the adoption of new accounting standards which provide guidance for arrangements with multiple deliverables and revenue recognition for tangible products containing software and hardware elements on its consolidated financial statements. Both standards will be effective for TiVo in the first quarter of fiscal year 2012.

2. CASH AND INVESTMENTS

Cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and long-term investments consisted of the following:

 

     As of
April 30,
2010
   As of
January 31,
2010
     (in thousands)

Cash and cash equivalents:

     

Cash

   $ 4,621    $ 4,111

Cash equivalents:

     

Commercial paper

     21,493      14,994

Money market funds

     42,007      51,786
             

Total cash and cash equivalents

     68,121      70,891

Marketable securities:

     

Certificate of deposit

     11,400      16,401

Commercial paper

     32,946      39,559

Corporate debt securities

     63,400      49,833

US agency securities

     33,976      26,998

US Treasury securities

     20,100      15,113

Foreign government securities

     25,533      25,787
             

Current marketable securities

     187,355      173,691
             

Auction rate securities (1)

     4,148      4,112
             

Non-current marketable securities

     4,148      4,112
             

Total marketable securities

     191,503      177,803
             

Other investment securities:

     

Other investment securities - cost method

     3,400      3,400
             

Total other investment securities (1)

     3,400      3,400
             

Total cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and other investment securities

   $ 263,024    $ 252,094
             

 

(1)

Auction rate securities and other investment securities are included in “Long-term investments” on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Marketable Securities

The Company’s investment securities portfolio consists of various debt instruments, including corporate and government bonds, and foreign corporate and government securities, all of which are classified as available-for-sale.

Approximately $4.0 million of the corporate bonds are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States government under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee program (“TLGP”).

Other Investment Securities

TiVo has an investment in a private company where the Company’s ownership is less than 20% and TiVo does not have significant influence. The investment is accounted for under the cost method.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

Contractual Maturity Date

The following table summarized the estimated fair value of the Company’s debt investments, designated as available-for-sale classified by the contractual maturity date of the security:

 

     April 30,
2010
   January 31,
2010
     (in thousands)    (in thousands)

Due within 1 year

   $ 153,404    $ 141,857

Due within 1 year through 5 years

     33,951      31,834

Due within 5 years through 10 years

     0      0

Due after 10 years

     4,148      4,112
             

Total

   $ 191,503    $ 177,803
             

Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Marketable Investment Securities

The following table summarizes unrealized gains and losses related to the Company’s investments in marketable securities designated as available-for-sale:

 

     As of April 30, 2010
     Adjusted
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
     (in thousands)

Certificate of deposit

   $ 11,404    $ 0    $ (4   $ 11,400

Commercial paper

     32,942      4      0        32,946

Corporate debt securities

     63,339      85      (24     63,400

US agency securities

     33,959      17      0        33,976

US Treasury securities

     20,065      35      0        20,100

Foreign government securities

     25,496      38      (1     25,533

Auction rate securities

     5,000      0      (852     4,148
                            

Total

   $ 192,205    $ 179    $ (881   $ 191,503
                            
     As of January 31, 2010
     Adjusted
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
     (in thousands)

Certificate of deposit

   $ 16,408    $ 0    $ (7   $ 16,401

Commercial paper

     39,547      12      0        39,559

Corporate debt securities

     49,743      134      (44     49,833

US agency securities

     26,958      40      0        26,998

US Treasury securities

     15,065      48      0        15,113

Foreign government securities

     25,708      79      0        25,787

Auction rate securities

     5,000      0      (888     4,112
                            

Total

   $ 178,429    $ 313    $ (939   $ 177,803
                            

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

The available-for-sale investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of April 30, 2010 and January 31, 2010, aggregated by length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, were as follows:

 

     As of April 30, 2010  
     Less than 12 Months     12 Months or Greater     Total  
     Fair
Value
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
     (in thousands)  

Certificate of deposit

   $ 11,400    $ (4   $ 0    $ 0      $ 11,400    $ (4

Commercial paper

     32,946      0        0      0        32,946      0   

Corporate debt securities

     63,400      (24     0      0        63,400      (24

US agency securities

     33,976      0        0      0        33,976      0   

US Treasury securities

     20,100      0        0      0        20,100      0   

Foreign government securities

     25,533      (1     0      0        25,533      (1

Auction rate securities

     0      0        4,148      (852     4,148      (852
                                             
   $ 187,355    $ (29   $ 4,148    $ (852   $ 191,503    $ (881
                                             

 

     As of January 31, 2010  
     Less than 12 Months     12 Months or Greater     Total  
     Fair
Value
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
     (in thousands)  

Certificate of deposit

   $ 16,401    $ (7   $ 0    $ 0      $ 16,401    $ (7

Commercial paper

     39,559      0        0      0        39,559      0   

Corporate debt securities

     49,833      (44     0      0        49,833      (44

US agency securities

     26,998      0        0      0        26,998      0   

US Treasury securities

     15,113      0        0      0        15,113      0   

Foreign government securities

     25,787      0        0      0        25,787      0   

Auction rate securities

     0      0        4,112      (888     4,112      (888
                                             
   $ 173,691    $ (51   $ 4,112    $ (888   $ 177,803    $ (939
                                             

As of April 30, 2010, the unrealized losses on the Company’s available-for-sale investments were insignificant in relation to its total available-for-sale portfolio. Substantially all of its unrealized losses on our available-for-sale marketable debt instruments can be attributed to fair value fluctuations in an unstable credit environment that resulted in a decrease in the market liquidity for these debt instruments. The Company is not aware of any specific factors indicating that the underlying issuers of these investments would not be able to pay interest as it becomes due or repay the principal at maturity. Therefore, the Company believes that these changes in the estimated fair values of these marketable investments securities are related to temporary market fluctuations. As of April 30, 2010, the estimated fair value of the Company’s ARS was $852,000 lower than their cost. The Company has no intent to sell and it is more-likely-than not that the Company will not be required to sell these ARS prior to recovery. Further, the total unrealized loss is primarily due to a liquidity discount resulting from the failed auctions. Therefore, the Company will continue to treat the decline in fair values as temporary and recorded the unrealized loss to accumulated other comprehensive income on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of April 30, 2010.

3. FAIR VALUE

Fair value is defined as the exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The Company’s financial instruments are measured and recorded at fair value, except for its cost method investment.

The three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value is:

Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities are classified

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

within Level 1 or Level 2, with the exception of the investments in auction rate securities. Some of the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities are classified as Level 2 because these securities are valued using a standard pricing methodology that utilizes observable market data for all inputs. The Company’s investments in auction rate securities are classified within Level 3 because they are valued using a discounted cash flow model. Some of the inputs to this model are unobservable in the market and are significant.

 

     Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a  Recurring Basis
     Total    Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
     (in thousands)

Assets:

  

Cash equivalents:

  

Commercial paper

   $ 21,493    $ 0    $ 21,493    $ 0

Money market funds

     42,007      42,007      0      0

Short-term investments:

           

Certificate of deposit

     11,400      11,400      0      0

Commercial paper

     32,946      0      32,946      0

Corporate debt securities

     63,400      0      63,400      0

US agency securities

     33,976      0      33,976      0

US Treasury securities

     20,100      20,100      0      0

Foreign government securities

     25,533      0      25,533      0

Long-term investments:

           

Auction rate securities

     4,148      0      0      4,148
                           
   $ 255,003    $ 73,507    $ 177,348    $ 4,148
                           

The following table is a reconciliation of financial assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended April 30, 2010 (in thousands):

 

     Auction Rate Securities
(Three Months April 30, 2010)

Balance, January 31, 2010

   $ 4,112

Transfer into Level 3

     0

Total unrealized gains included in accumulated other comprehensive loss

     36
      

Balance, April 30, 2010

   $ 4,148
      

Marketable securities measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs are comprised of auction rate securities. Although auction rate securities would typically be measured using Level 2 inputs, the failure of auctions and the lack of market activity and liquidity required that these securities be measured using Level 3 inputs. The underlying assets of the Company’s auction rate securities are collateralized primarily by student loans guaranteed by the U.S. government. The fair value of its auction rate securities was determined using a pricing model that market participants would use that considered projected cash flows for the issuing trusts, underlying collateral and expected yields. Projected cash flows were estimated based on the underlying loan principal, bonds outstanding, and payout formulas. The weighted-average life over which cash flows were projected considered the collateral composition of the securities and related historical and projected prepayments. The discount rates that were applied to the pricing model were based on market conditions and rates for comparable or similar term asset-backed securities as well as other fixed income securities.

TiVo also has a direct investment in a privately-held company accounted for under the cost method, which is periodically assessed for other-than-temporary impairment. If the Company determines that an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, TiVo will write-down the investment to its fair value. The fair value of a cost method investment is not evaluated if there are no identified events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. However, if such significant adverse events were identified, the Company would estimate the fair value of its cost method investment considering available information at the time of the event, such as pricing in recent rounds of financing, current cash position, earnings and cash flow forecasts, recent operational performance and any other readily available data. The carrying amount of the Company’s cost method investments was $3.4 million as of April 30, 2010 and January 31, 2010.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

Cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities (including auction rate securities) are reported at their fair value. Additionally, carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments including accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value because of their short maturities.

4. INDEMNIFICATION ARRANGEMENTS AND GUARANTEES

Product Warranties

The Company’s standard manufacturer’s warranty period to consumers for TiVo-enabled DVRs is 90 days for parts and labor from the date of consumer purchase, and from 91-365 days for parts only, also known as the Limited Warranty. Within the limited warranty period, consumers are offered a no-charge exchange for TiVo-enabled DVRs returned due to product defect, within 90 days from the date of consumer purchase. Thereafter, consumers may exchange a TiVo-enabled DVR with a product defect for a charge. As of April 30, 2010 and January 31, 2010, the accrued warranty reserve was $328,000 and $233,000, respectively. The Company’s accrued warranty reserve is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company also offers customers separately priced optional 2-year and 3-year extended warranties. The Company defers and amortizes cost and revenue associated with the sales of the extended warranties over the warranty period or until a warranty is redeemed. As of April 30, 2010, the extended warranty deferred revenue and cost was $451,000 and $135,000, respectively. As of January 31, 2010, the extended warranty deferred revenue and cost was $234,000 and $70,000, respectively.

Indemnification Arrangements

The Company undertakes indemnification obligations in its ordinary course of business. For instance, the Company has undertaken to indemnify its underwriters and certain investors in connection with the issuance and sale of its securities. The Company has also undertaken to indemnify certain customers and business partners for, among other things, the licensing of its products, the sale of its DVRs, and the provision of engineering and consulting services. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may indemnify the other party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party in connection with various types of claims, which may include, without limitation, intellectual property infringement, advertising and consumer disclosure laws, certain tax liabilities, negligence and intentional acts in the performance of services and violations of laws, including certain violations of securities laws with respect to underwriters and investors. The term of these indemnification obligations is generally perpetual. The Company’s obligation to provide indemnification would arise in the event that a third-party filed a claim against one of the parties that was covered by the Company’s indemnification obligation. As an example, if a third-party sued a customer for intellectual property infringement and the Company agreed to indemnify that customer against such claims, its obligation would be triggered.

The Company is unable to estimate with any reasonable accuracy the liability that may be incurred pursuant to its indemnification obligations, if any. A few of the variables affecting any such assessment include but are not limited to: the nature of the claim asserted; the relative merits of the claim; the financial ability of the party suing the indemnified party to engage in protracted litigation; the number of parties seeking indemnification; the nature and amount of damages claimed by the party suing the indemnified party; and the willingness of such party to engage in settlement negotiations. Due to the nature of the Company’s potential indemnity liability, its indemnification obligations could range from immaterial to having a material adverse impact on its financial position and its ability to continue operation in the ordinary course of business.

Under certain circumstances, the Company may have recourse through its insurance policies that would enable it to recover from its insurance company some or all amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not have any assets held either as collateral or by third parties that, upon the occurrence of an event requiring it to indemnify a customer, the Company could obtain and liquidate to recover all or a portion of the amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations.

5. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, excluding unvested restricted stock.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share:

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
      2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except per share amounts)  

Numerator:

    

Net income (loss)

   $ (14,200   $ (3,899
                

Denominator:

    

Weighted average shares outstanding, excluding unvested restricted stock

     111,490        102,279   

Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:

    

Stock options and restricted stock

     0        0   
                

Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per common share

     111,490        102,279   
                

Basic net income (loss) per common share

   $ (0.13   $ (0.04
                

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

   $ (0.13   $ (0.04
                

The weighted average number of shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share does not include the effect of the following potentially outstanding common stock. The effects of these potentially outstanding shares were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive:

 

     As of April 30,
      2010    2009

Unvested restricted stock

   4,900,518    4,327,653

Options to purchase common stock

   10,978,706    19,627,872

Potential shares to be issued from ESPP

   3,425,866    4,088,993
         

Total

   19,305,090    28,044,518
         

6. COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Matters

        Intellectual Property Litigation. On January 5, 2004, TiVo filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation and EchoStar DBS Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” The Company subsequently amended its complaint to add related entities (collectively “EchoStar”). The Company alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On April 13, 2006, the jury rendered a verdict in favor of the Company in the amount of approximately $74.0 million dollars. The jury ruled that the Company’s patent is valid and that all nine of the asserted claims in the Company’s patent are infringed by each of the accused EchoStar products. The jury also ruled that the defendants willfully infringed the patent. On September 8, 2006 the district court issued an Amended Final and Permanent injunction that prohibited the defendants from making, using, offering for sale or selling in the United States the following EchoStar DVRs: DP-501, DP-508, DP-510, DP-721, DP-921, DP-522, DP-625, DP-942, and all EchoStar Communications Corporation DVRs that are not more than colorably different from any of these products. On October 3, 2006, the United States Court of Appeals for Federal Circuit stayed the district court’s injunction pending appeal. On January 31, 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington, D.C. unanimously ruled in favor of the Company in connection with EchoStar’s appeal of the district court judgment of patent infringement against EchoStar with respect to Claims 31 and 61 of the patent (the so called software claims) of the patent, upholding the full award of damages from the district court, and ordering that the stay of the district court’s injunction against EchoStar’s infringing digital video recorders that was issued pending appeal will dissolve when the appeal becomes final. The district court’s judgment of infringement by EchoStar of certain other claims of the patent (the so called hardware claims) were reversed and remanded for further proceedings. On October 6, 2008, the Supreme Court denied EchoStar’s writ of certiorari. On October 8, 2008, the Company received $104.6 million from EchoStar of which approximately $87.8 million represents damages through September 8, 2006 and was recorded as litigation proceeds within the operating expense section of TiVo’s statement of operations. The remaining approximately $16.8 million was recorded as interest income and represented pre- and post-judgment interest through October 8, 2008. With respect to the district court’s injunction and damages after September 8, 2006, the district court held a hearing on EchoStar’s alleged work around of the Company’s patent on February 17, 2009. On June 2, 2009, the district court found EchoStar in contempt of its permanent injunction regarding EchoStar’s on-going infringement of TiVo’s U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389. The Court also awarded TiVo an approximately $103 million plus interest for EchoStar’s continued infringement for the period from September 8, 2006 to April 18, 2008. The Court deferred ruling on the issue of monetary sanctions for contempt of the permanent injunction as well as certain other damages.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

On July 1, 2009, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit stayed the district court’s ruling pending EchoStar’s appeal of the district court’s decision finding EchoStar in contempt of the permanent injunction. On September 4, 2009, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas awarded TiVo contempt damages in connection with its permanent injunction regarding EchoStar’s on-going infringement of TiVo’s U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389 in the form of an on-going royalty of $2.25 per subscriber per month during the contempt period of April 18, 2008 to July 1, 2009, which amounts to almost $200 million. The Court also awarded TiVo its attorney’s fees and costs incurred during the contempt proceedings. Additionally, on September 4, 2009, the Court awarded TiVo an additional $10.6 million in prejudgment interest in connection with the stay period damages from September 8, 2006 to April 18, 2008 which was previously awarded to TiVo. Enforcement of these awards is stayed pending resolution of EchoStar’s appeal of the district court’s decision finding EchoStar in contempt of the permanent injunction. On February 8, 2010, the Court entered an Order quantifying the attorney’s fees and costs incurred during the contempt proceedings to be $5.8 million. On March 4, 2010, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington, D.C. fully affirmed the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas’s finding of contempt of its permanent injunction against EchoStar, including both the disablement and infringement provisions, regarding EchoStar’s on-going infringement of TiVo’s U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389. On March 9, 2010, EchoStar filed a motion with the District Court seeking pre-approval of a new alleged design-around for its Broadcom DVR receivers (“rework2”) as well as an emergency motion for expedited resolution of its pre-approval motion. On March 25, 2010, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas entered an order staying the injunction until midnight April 30, 2010. On May 10, 2010, the district court extended the stay until June 4, 2010. On May 14, 2010, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington, D.C. granted EchoStar’s request for a rehearing en banc. This order vacated the March 4, 2010 decision by the Court of Appeals to affirm the District Court’s finding of contempt against EchoStar.

On June 4, 2010, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“the PTO”) issued a final office action in a second reexamination filed by EchoStar preliminarily rejecting Claims 31 and 61 of the Time Warp patent as obvious in light of two references previously considered by the PTO in the first reexamination. The Company intends to defend this action and the validity of the rejected claims in the PTO reexamination vigorously; in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed. At this time, the Company is unable to estimate the likelihood of an adverse outcome or the extent to which the Company’s business would be harmed by an adverse outcome.

On May 30, 2008, Dish Network Corporation and its related entities filed a complaint against TiVo in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware for declaratory relief that Dish’s unspecified digital video recorders do not infringe TiVo’s ‘389 patent. On July 7, 2008, TiVo filed a motion to dismiss Dish’s complaint against TiVo for declaratory relief that Dish’s unspecified DVRs do not infringe TiVo’s ‘389 patent. On March 31, 2009, the court denied TiVo’s motion to dismiss. On May 28, 2009, the court ordered the action transferred to the Eastern District of Texas which stayed the action on June 19, 2009. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, the Company may incur material expenses in connection with this lawsuit and in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

On April 29, 2005, EchoStar Technologies Corporation filed a complaint against TiVo and Humax USA, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,774,186 (“Interruption Tolerant Video Program Viewing”), 6,529,685 B2 (“Multimedia Direct Access Storage Device and Formatting Method”), 6,208,804 B1 (“Multimedia Direct Access Storage Device and Formatting Method”) and 6,173,112 B1 (“Method and System for Recording In-Progress Broadcast Programs”). The complaint alleges that EchoStar Technologies Corporation is the owner by assignment of the patents allegedly infringed. The complaint further alleges that TiVo and Humax have infringed, contributorily infringed and/or actively induced infringement of the patents by making, using, selling or importing digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software and/or personal television services in the United States that allegedly infringe the patents, and that such infringement is willful and ongoing. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with Humax governing the distribution of certain DVRs that enable the TiVo service, the Company is required to indemnify Humax against any claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses relating to claims that the Company’s technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. On May 10, 2005, Humax formally notified TiVo of the claims against it in this lawsuit as required by Humax’s agreement with TiVo. On July 1, 2005, the defendants filed their answer and counterclaims. On May 10, 2006, the district court dismissed with prejudice, EchoStar’s claim of infringement against TiVo and Humax relating to patent ‘112 (“Method and System for Recording In-Progress Broadcast Programs”) and claims 21-30 and 32 relating to patent ‘186 (“Interruption Tolerant Video Program Viewing”). A claim construction hearing was held on May 11, 2006. On July 14, 2006, the magistrate judge for the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, issued a stay of the case pending the USPTO completion of proceedings with respect to TiVo’s request for reexamination of the ‘186, ‘685, and ‘804 patents. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, the Company is incurring expenses in connection with this lawsuit, which could become material in the future and in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

        On August 26, 2009, TiVo Inc. filed separate complaints against AT&T Inc. and Verizon Communications, Inc. in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas for infringement of the following three TiVo patents U.S. Patent Nos. 6,233,389 B1 (“Multimedia Time Warping System”), 7,529,465 B2 (“System for Time Shifting Multimedia Content Streams”), and 7,493,015 B1 (“Automatic Playback Overshoot Correction System”). The complaints seek, among other things, damages for past infringement and a permanent injunction, similar to that issued by the United States District Court, Eastern District of Texas against EchoStar. On January 15, 2010, Microsoft Corporation moved to intervene in the action filed against

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

AT&T Inc., and on March 31, 2010 the district court granted Microsoft’s motion. On March 28, 2010, AT&T Operations filed a motion to intervene in the action filed against AT&T; AT&T Operations and Microsoft filed a motion to transfer the proceedings to the United States District Court for the Northern District of California; and AT&T Inc., AT&T Operations, and Microsoft filed a motion to sever the claims involving Microsoft and AT&T Operations and stay the remaining proceeding involving AT&T. The Company is incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation.

On February 24, 2010, Verizon answered TiVo’s August 26, 2009 complaint and Verizon asserted counterclaims. The counterclaims seek declaratory judgment of non-infringement and invalidity of the patents TiVo asserted against Verizon in the August 26th complaint. Additionally, Verizon alleged infringement of U.S. Patents: 5,410,344 (“Apparatus and Method of Selecting Video Programs Based on Viewers’ Preferences”), 5,635,979 (“Dynamically Programmable Digital Entertainment Terminal Using Downloaded Software to Control Broadband Data Operations”), 5,973,684 (“Digital Entertainment Terminal Providing Dynamic Execution in Video Dial Tone Networks”), 7,561,214 (“Two-dimensional Navigation of Multiplexed Channels in a Digital Video Distribution System”), 6,367,078 (“Electronic Program-Guide System with Sideways-Surfing Capability”). On March 15, 2010, Verizon filed an amended answer further alleging infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,381,748 (“Apparatus And Methods For Network Access Using A Set Top Box And Television”). Verizon seeks, among other things, damages and a permanent injunction. On March 17, 2010, Verizon filed a motion to transfer the proceedings to the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. The Company is incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

On January 19, 2010, Microsoft Corporation filed a complaint against TiVo in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California for alleged infringement of the following two patents: U.S. Patent Nos. 6,008,803 (“System for Displaying Programming Information”) and 6,055,314 (“System and Method for Secure Purchase and Delivery of Video Content Programs”). The complaint seeks, among other things, damages and a permanent injunction. On April 19, 2010, TiVo served its answer to the complaint, and counterclaimed seeking a declaration that TiVo does not infringe and the patents are invalid. The Company is incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

On March 12, 2010, AT&T Intellectual Property I, L.P., and AT&T Intellectual Property II, L.P. (“AT&T”) filed a complaint against TiVo Inc. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California for infringement of the following four patents U.S. Pat Nos. 5,809,492 (“Apparatus and Method for Defining Rules for Personal Agents”), 5,922,045 (“Method and Apparatus for Providing Bookmarks when Listening to Previously Recorded Audio Programs”), 6,118,976 (“Asymmetric Data Communications System”), and 6,983,478 (“Method and System for Tracking Network Use”). The complaint seeks, among other things, damages for past infringement and a permanent injunction. On May 31, 2010, Microsoft filed an amended complaint alleging infringement of the following additional five patents: U.S. Patent Nos. 5,654,748 (“Interactive Program Identification System”), 5,677,708 (“System for Displaying a List on a Display Screen”), 5,896,444 (“Method and Apparatus for Managing Communications Between a Client and a Server in a Network”), 6,725,281 (“Synchronization of Controlled Device State Using State Table and Eventing in Data-Driven Remote Device Control Model”), and 5,648,824 (“Video Control User Interface for Controlling Display of a Video”). The amended complaint seeks, among other things, damages and a permanent injunction. The Company is incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

Securities Litigation. The Company and certain of its officers and directors (“TiVo defendants”) were originally named as defendants in a consolidated securities class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al., also names several of the underwriters involved in the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”) as defendants. This class action is brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of the Company’s common stock from the time of the Company’s IPO (October 31, 1999) through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that the underwriters in the Company’s IPO solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased the Company’s stock in the IPO and the after-market, and that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in the IPO prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these allegedly undisclosed arrangements. More than 300 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In February 2003, after the issuer defendants (including the TiVo defendants) filed an omnibus motion to dismiss, the Court dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to the Company, but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to the Company and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants. On October 8, 2002, the Company’s executive officers who were named as defendants in this action were dismissed without prejudice.

        On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs in the suit announced a proposed settlement with the Company and the other issuer defendants. This proposed settlement was terminated on June 25, 2007, following the ruling by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit on December 5, 2006, reversing the District Court’s granting of class certification in the six focus cases currently being litigated in this proceeding. The proposed settlement had provided that the insurers of all settling issuers would guarantee that the plaintiffs recover $1 billion from non-settling defendants, including the investment banks who acted as underwriters in those offerings. The maximum amount that could be charged to the Company’s insurance policy under the proposed settlement in the event that the plaintiffs recovered nothing from the investment banks would have been approximately $3.9 million.

On August 14, 2007, the plaintiffs filed Amended Master Allegations. On September 27, 2007, the Plaintiffs filed a Motion for Class Certification, which was subsequently withdrawn without prejudice by the plaintiffs. Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the focus cases on November 9, 2007. On March 26, 2008, the Court ruled on the Motion to Dismiss, holding that the plaintiffs had adequately pleaded their Section 10(b) claims against the Issuer Defendants and the Underwriter Defendants in the focus cases. As to the Section 11 claim, the Court dismissed the claims brought by those plaintiffs who sold their

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

securities for a price in excess of the initial offering price, on the grounds that they could not show cognizable damages, and by those who purchased outside the previously certified class period, on the grounds that those claims were time barred. This ruling, while not binding on the Company’s case, provides guidance to all of the parties involved in this litigation. On April 2, 2009, the parties lodged with the Court a motion for preliminary approval of a proposed settlement between all parties to the consolidated action, including the Company and its former officers and directors, as well as numerous other companies and their officers and directors. The proposed settlement provides the plaintiffs with $586 million in recoveries from all defendants, with $100 million being paid on behalf of the Issuer Defendants and their officers and directors by the Issuers’ insurers. Accordingly, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by the Company’s insurers. The proposed settlement also provides for full releases for the defendants, including the Company and its former officers and directors. On June 12, 2009, the Federal District Court granted preliminary approval of the proposed settlement. On September 10, 2009, the Federal District Court held the fairness hearing for final approval of the settlement. On October 6, 2009, the District Court issued an order granting class certification and final approval of the settlement. Several individuals or groups of individuals have filed petitions to appeal and/or notices of appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. The Second Circuit Court of Appeals has not yet addressed any of the pending petitions to appeal or notices of appeal. Therefore, the District Court’s order granting class certification and final approval of the settlement may still be subject to appellate review by the Second Circuit Court of Appeals. There can be no assurance that the District Court’s approval will not be overturned by the Second Circuit Court of Appeals. The Company may incur expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material in the future. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

On October 3, 2007, Vanessa Simmonds filed a complaint against the Company’s former lead underwriters Credit Suisse Group and Bank of America (“Lead Underwriters”), with the Company named as a nominal defendant, in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington alleging violations of Section 16(b) in connection with the Company’s initial public offering and associated transactions in the Company’s stock in the six month period following the Company’s initial public offering by the Company’s Lead Underwriters. On or about December 3, 2007, Ms. Simmonds delivered a copy of the complaint to the Company. The complaint itself is directed solely at the initial public offering underwriters, not at the Company itself, and does not seek any damages or recovery from the Company itself. On February 25, 2008, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint which is substantially similar to the initial complaint, but which also names Credit Suisse Securities (USA), Bank of America Corporation, and Robertson Stephens, Inc. as defendants in the amended complaint that continues to name the Company only as a nominal defendant. Ms. Simmonds filed similar actions in the same Court against various underwriters with respect to the initial public offerings of fifty-three other issuers. The fifty-four actions were coordinated by the Court. On July 25, 2008, thirty of the issuers, including the Company (collectively, the “Moving Issuers”), in the coordinated proceeding filed a Joint Motion to Dismiss. Also on July 25, 2008, all of the underwriter defendants in the coordinated proceeding filed an Omnibus Motion to Dismiss. The hearing on the motions to dismiss was held on January 16, 2009. On March 12, 2009, the Court granted both the Issuers’ Joint Motion to Dismiss and the Underwriters’ Omnibus Motion to Dismiss. The Court held that the plaintiff’s demand letters to the Moving Issuers were legally insufficient and therefore the plaintiff lacked standing to maintain the thirty Section 16(b) suits relating to the Moving Issuers. Accordingly, the Court granted without prejudice the Moving Issuers’ Joint Motion to Dismiss, and further held that it would not permit the plaintiff to amend her demand letters. In regard to the Underwriters’ Omnibus Motion to Dismiss, the Court held that the remaining twenty-four Section 16(b) suits were barred by the statute of limitations, and accordingly granted with prejudice the Omnibus Motion to Dismiss as to those suits. On March 31, 2009, plaintiff filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit of the District Court’s dismissal of these fifty-four actions. On April 14, 2009, the underwriter defendants filed a notice of cross-appeal of that portion of the District Court’s order dismissing without prejudice the thirty Section 16(b) suits relating to the Moving Issuers, on the grounds that such dismissal should be with prejudice. The appeal and cross appeal remain pending. The Company may incur expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material in the future. No loss is considered probable or estimable at this time.

The Company is involved in numerous lawsuits and receives numerous threats of litigation in the ordinary course of its business. The Company assesses potential liabilities in connection with these lawsuits and threatened lawsuits and accrues an estimated loss for these loss contingencies if both of the following conditions are met: information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. As of January 31, 2010, the Company has not accrued any liability for any lawsuits filed against the Company, as the conditions for accrual have not been met. The Company expenses legal costs as they are incurred.

7. COMCAST AGREEMENT

        On March 15, 2005, the Company entered into a non-exclusive licensing and marketing agreement with Comcast STB Software DVR, LLC (“Comcast STB”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Comcast Corporation, and Comcast Corporation, as guarantor of Comcast STB’s obligations under the agreement. The agreement was subsequently amended several times, most recently on March 27, 2008. The Company agreed to develop a TiVo service software solution for deployment on Comcast’s DVR platforms. In addition, the Company agreed to develop a TiVo Interactive Advertising Management System for deployment on Comcast platforms to enable the provision of local and national advertising to Comcast subscribers.

Acceptance of the delivery of the TiVo service software solution by Comcast occurred on June 27, 2007 and the TiVo service has launched in its initial market. Comcast accepted the TiVo advertising management system on March 31, 2008. Our statements of work with Comcast provide for continued funding for engineering services for the development of additional releases of the TiVo-branded, TiVo-service enabling software for the Comcast DVR platforms and to enable such software on other Comcast DVR platforms. Revenue from this additional engineering work is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method.

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(unaudited)

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company recognized $3.3 million and $4.8 million, respectively in technology revenues and $1.7 million and $3.3 million, respectively in cost of technology revenues.

8. DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT AND SERVICES AGREEMENT WITH DIRECTV, INC.

On September 3, 2008, the Company extended its current agreement with DIRECTV for the development, marketing, and distribution of a new HD DIRECTV DVR featuring the TiVo ® service. Under the terms of this non-exclusive arrangement, TiVo is developing a version of the TiVo service for DIRECTV’s broadband-enabled HD DVR. TiVo is working with DIRECTV with the intention to deploy this product to consumers later this year. DIRECTV also has certain additional annual obligations to market and promote the new HD DIRECTV DVR featuring the TiVo Service once it has launched. DIRECTV, upon the deployment of high definition DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo service, is entitled to recoup, over time, a portion of certain development fees through a reduction in certain subscription fees. The new agreement also extends the mutual covenant not to sue with respect to each company’s products and services throughout the term of the new agreement.

Under this new agreement, DIRECTV will pay a substantially higher monthly fee for households using the new high definition DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo (when and if the new version of the TiVo service is deployed) than the fees for previously deployed DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo service. DIRECTV will continue to pay the current monthly fee for all households using only the previously deployed DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo service. The fees paid by DIRECTV are subject to monthly minimum payments that escalate during the term of the agreement starting in 2010 and those minimum payments are substantially higher than in the prior agreement.

Due to uncertainties over the ultimate profit margin on the development work, the Company recognizes revenues and costs for the development of the TiVo service for DIRECTV’s broadband-enabled HD DVR based on a zero profit model, which results in the recognition of equal amounts of revenues and costs. During the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company recognized $2.5 million and $1.0 million in technology revenues and $2.5 million and $1.0 million in cost of technology revenues, respectively related to the development of the TiVo service for DIRECTV’s broadband-enabled HD DVR.

9. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
   2010     2009  
   (In thousands)  

Net income (loss)

   $ (14,200   $ (3,899

Other comprehensive income (loss):

    

Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities

     (76     (250
                

Comprehensive income (loss)

   $ (14,276   $ (4,149
                

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in this report and our most recent annual report on Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2010, the sections entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A of this quarterly report, as well as other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere in this report and our most recent annual report on Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2010, before deciding to purchase, sell, or hold our common stock.

Company Overview

We are a leading provider of technology and services for advanced television solutions, including digital video recorders. The subscription-based TiVo service redefines home entertainment by providing consumers with an easy intuitive way to record, watch, and control television and receive videos, pictures, and movies from cable, broadcast, and broadband sources. We offer features such as Season Pass™ recordings, integrated search (including content from both traditional linear television, VOD, and broadband sources in one user interface), WishList® searches, TiVoToGo™ transfers, access to broadband video content (including premium content delivered from Amazon’s Video On Demand service, Netflix, and Blockbuster), TiVo KidZone, and TiVo Online Scheduling. As of April 30, 2010, there were approximately 2.5 million subscriptions to the TiVo service. We distribute the TiVo DVR through consumer electronics retailers and through our on-line store at TiVo.com. Additionally, we provide the TiVo service through agreements with leading satellite and cable television service providers such as DIRECTV, Comcast, RCN, Cablevision Mexico, and in the future Cox and Virgin Media (UK), as well as broadcasters such as Seven/Hybrid TV (Australia) and Television New Zealand (TVNZ) (New Zealand). We also provide innovative marketing solutions for the television industry, including a unique platform for advertising and audience research measurement services and recently announced the commencement of development of a broadband connected television incorporating TiVo user interface and non-DVR software with Best Buy’s Insignia brand television sets.

Executive Overview

Fiscal year 2011

In the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011 we will continue to be focused on our efforts to build leading advanced television products, entering into new distribution agreements, engage in development work for existing distribution agreements, and commence and continue deployment activities for those distribution agreements. Additionally, we will continue to actively protect our intellectual property. In our efforts to accomplish these strategies, we expect to continue to have a net loss for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011 as we focus on the following priorities:

 

   

We expect to continue our efforts to increase our subscription base by adding new subscriptions through our TiVo-Owned direct and retail sales with the rollout of our new products and through our expanded agreement with Best Buy, as well as our mass distribution partnerships both in the U.S. and globally. However, we still expect our overall subscription base to decrease from the prior year due to continued competition resulting in losses in our installed base of MSOs/Broadcasters subscriptions as DIRECTV will not deploy new TiVo boxes prior to the launch of the new HD DIRECTV DVRs with TiVo service in the future and our distribution deals such as Comcast, Virgin, and Cox are still in development and/or the early phases of deployment.

 

   

We believe that investments in research and development are critical to remaining competitive and being a leader in advanced television solutions that go beyond the DVR. Therefore, we plan to increase our research and development spending from the prior year to engage in these new technological and product developments.

 

   

During the first quarter of fiscal year ending January 31, 2011, we launched our next generation TiVo Premiere and TiVo Premiere XL boxes which go beyond traditional DVR functionality by merging linear television and broadband delivered content together. The cost to produce these new boxes is lower than our previous HD DVR offering and we expect this to improve not only our cost of hardware but also positively benefit subscription acquisition costs. However, we still anticipate near-term increases in our sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs as we begin marketing these new products in an effort to ensure that consumers understand the unique qualities and benefits provided by the TiVo service and our next generation TiVo Premiere boxes.

 

   

In fiscal year ending January 31, 2011, we will continue our efforts to protect our technological innovations and intellectual property. As a result, we expect our litigation expenses for our ongoing patent infringement lawsuits, which include our ongoing litigation with Dish (EchoStar) as well as recently commenced lawsuits involving AT&T, Verizon and Microsoft, to increase significantly from our most recent fiscal year ended January 31, 2010.

Key Business Metrics

Management periodically reviews certain key business metrics in order to evaluate our operations, allocate resources, and drive financial performance in our business. Management monitors these metrics together and not individually as it does not make business decisions based upon any single metric.

        Subscriptions. Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate our relative position in the marketplace and to forecast future potential service revenues. Below is a table that details the change in our subscription base during the last eight quarters. The TiVo-Owned lines refer to subscriptions sold directly or indirectly by TiVo to consumers who have TiVo-enabled DVRs and for which TiVo incurs acquisition costs. The MSOs/Broadcasters lines refer to subscriptions sold to consumers by MSOs/Broadcasters such as DIRECTV, Cablevision Mexico, Seven/Hybrid TV (Australia), Television New Zealand (TVNZ) (New Zealand), and Comcast and for which TiVo expects to incur little or no acquisition costs. Additionally, we provide a breakdown of the percent of TiVo-Owned subscriptions for which consumers pay recurring fees, including on a monthly and a prepaid one, two, or three year basis, as opposed to a one-time prepaid product lifetime fee.

 

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     Three Months Ended  

(Subscriptions in thousands)

   April 30,
2010
    Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    April 30,
2009
    Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    July 31,
2008
 

TiVo-Owned Subscription Gross Additions:

   33      46      34      31      37      59      44      36   

Subscription Net Additions/(Losses):

                

TiVo-Owned

   (51   (72   (45   (42   (30   (4   (28   (42

*MSOs/Broadcasters

   (45   (59   (269   (104   (109   (121   (135   (136
                                                

Total Subscription Net Additions/(Losses)

   (96   (131   (314   (146   (139   (125   (163   (178

Cumulative Subscriptions:

                

TiVo-Owned

   1,414      1,465      1,537      1,582      1,624      1,654      1,658      1,686   

MSOs/Broadcasters

   1,095      1,140      1,199      1,468      1,572      1,681      1,802      1,937   
                                                

Total Cumulative Subscriptions

   2,509      2,605      2,736      3,050      3,196      3,335      3,460      3,623   

Fully Amortized Active Lifetime Subscriptions

   282      279      237      219      215      225      236      194   

% of TiVo-Owned Cumulative

   57   58   58   59   59   59   60   60

Subscriptions paying recurring fees

                

 

* MSOs/Broadcasters Subscription Net Additions/(Losses) in the third quarter ended October 31, 2009 would have been a loss of (123,000) subscriptions, excluding a one time reduction of (146,000) subscriptions associated with a subscription over-reporting error by DIRECTV.

We define a “subscription” as a contract referencing a TiVo-enabled DVR for which (i) a consumer has committed to pay for the TiVo service and (ii) service is not canceled. We count product lifetime subscriptions in our subscription base until both of the following conditions are met: (i) the period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues ends; and (ii) the related DVR has not made contact to the TiVo service within the prior six month period. Product lifetime subscriptions past this period which have not called into the TiVo service for six months are not counted in this total. Effective November 1, 2008, we extended the period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues from 54 months to 60 months for all product lifetime subscriptions acquired on or before October 31, 2007. We now amortize all product lifetime subscriptions over a 60 month period. We are not aware of any uniform standards for defining subscriptions and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies. Additionally, the subscription fees that some of our MSOs/Broadcasters pay us may be based upon a specific contractual definition of a subscriber or subscription which may not be consistent with how we define a subscription for our reporting purposes.

TiVo-Owned subscriptions declined by 51,000 subscriptions decreasing the TiVo-Owned installed subscription base to approximately 1.4 million subscriptions as of April 30, 2010 as compared to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010. We believe this decrease in total TiVo-Owned subscriptions was largely due to the continued decrease in subscription gross additions resulting from increased competition from DVRs distributed by cable and satellite. As a result of this competition and current economic conditions, we may experience further net losses in our TiVo-Owned subscription base in the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011 despite the introduction of our new TiVo Premiere box.

MSOs/Broadcasters installed subscription base decreased by 45,000 subscriptions to 1.1 million subscriptions as of April 30, 2010 as compared to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010. The decrease in subscriptions is due to DIRECTV’s promotion of a competing DVR while concurrently not marketing any DVR with TiVo service, as well as the fact that our other mass distribution deals are still in the early phases of development and/or deployment. We have agreed to work with DIRECTV to develop a version of the TiVo service for DIRECTV’s broadband-enabled HD DVR platform. TiVo is working with DIRECTV with the intention to deploy this product to consumers later this year. We expect current MSOs/Broadcasters trends to continue until more of our deployments commence such as DIRECTV, Virgin, and others occur and Comcast moves into additional markets.

TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per Month. Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate our ability to retain existing TiVo-Owned subscriptions (including both monthly and product lifetime subscriptions) by providing services that are competitive in the market. Management believes factors such as service enhancements, service commitments, higher customer satisfaction, and improved customer support may improve this metric. Conversely, management believes factors such as increased competition, lack of competitive service features such as high definition television recording capabilities in our older model DVRs or access to certain digital television channels or MSO Video on Demand services, as well as, increased price sensitivity may cause our TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month to increase.

We define the TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month as the total TiVo-Owned subscription cancellations in the period divided by the Average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for the period (including both monthly and product lifetime subscriptions), which then is divided by the number of months in the period. We calculate Average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for the period by adding the average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for each month and dividing by the number of months in the period. We calculate the average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for each month by adding the beginning and ending subscriptions for the month and dividing by two. We are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating churn and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

 

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The following table presents our TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month information:

 

      Three Months Ended  
(Subscriptions in thousands)    April 30,
2010
    Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    April 30,
2009
    Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    July 31,
2008
 

Average TiVo-Owned subscriptions

   1,437      1,506      1,560      1,604      1,639      1,656      1,675      1,712   

TiVo-Owned subscription cancellations

   (84   (118   (79   (73   (67   (63   (72   (78
                                                

TiVo-Owned churn rate per month

   -2.0   -2.6   -1.7   -1.5   -1.4   -1.3   -1.4   -1.5
                                                

Included in our TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month are those product lifetime subscriptions that have both reached the end of the revenue recognition period and whose DVRs have not contacted the TiVo service within the prior six months. Conversely, we do not count as churn product lifetime subscriptions that have not reached the end of the revenue recognition period, regardless of whether such subscriptions continue to contact the TiVo service. TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month was 2.0% for the quarter ended April 30, 2010, as compared to 1.4% for the same prior year period resulting from an increase in churn among our subscribers with older single and dual tuner model DVRs. We expect churn to increase further in the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011 as compared to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010 as a result of a continued increase in inactive product lifetime subscriptions, competition from other providers, and the growing importance of encrypted digital and high definition television recording capabilities which can only be accessed through either a cable or satellite provided set top box or through a box which incorporates CableCARD™ technology (which is only available through cable and some telecommunications providers) and a switched digital adapter if necessary.

Subscription Acquisition Cost or SAC. Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate trends in the efficiency of our marketing programs and subscription acquisition strategies. We define SAC as our total TiVo-Owned acquisition costs for a given period divided by TiVo-Owned subscription gross additions for the same period. We define total acquisition costs as sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs less net TiVo-Owned related hardware revenues (defined as TiVo-Owned related gross hardware revenues less rebates, revenue share and market development funds paid to retailers) plus TiVo-Owned related cost of hardware revenues. The sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs line item includes advertising expenses and promotion-related expenses directly related to subscription acquisition activities, but does not include expenses related to advertising sales. We do not include third parties’ subscription gross additions, such as MSOs/Broadcasters’ gross additions with TiVo subscriptions, in our calculation of SAC because we typically incur limited or no acquisition costs for these new subscriptions, and so we also do not include MSOs/Broadcasters’ sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs, hardware revenues, or cost of hardware revenues in our calculation of TiVo-Owned SAC. We are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating total acquisition costs or SAC and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

 

      Three Months Ended  
      Apr 30,
2010
    Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    Apr 30,
2009
    Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    Jul 31,
2008
 
     (In thousands, except SAC)  

Subscription Acquisition Costs

      

Sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs

   $ 3,191      $ 2,022      $ 1,206      $ 838      $ 982      $ 1,690      $ 2,301      $ 888   

Hardware revenues (see Note 1)

     (18,169     (23,389     (10,030     (8,762     (6,606     (10,881     (12,976     (11,850

Less: MSOs/Broadcasters-related hardware revenues

     5,437        12,818        190        1,516        (27     362        3,339        4,934   

Cost of hardware revenues

     19,219        27,962        14,436        12,935        10,576        15,764        16,339        15,274   

Less: MSOs/Broadcasters-related cost of hardware revenues

     (4,158     (12,064     (203     (1,433     (6     (385     (3,100     (4,524
                                                                

Total Acquisition Costs

     5,520        7,349        5,599        5,094        4,919        6,550        5,903        4,722   
                                                                

TiVo-Owned Subscription Gross Additions

     33        46        34        31        37        59        44        36   

Subscription Acquisition Costs (SAC)

   $ 167      $ 160      $ 165      $ 164      $ 133      $ 111      $ 134      $ 131   
                                                                

 

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     Twelve Months Ended  
      April 30,
2010
    Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    April 30,
2009
    Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    July 31,
2008
 
      (In thousands, except SAC)  

Subscription Acquisition Costs

      

Sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs

   $ 7,257      $ 5,048      $ 4,716      $ 5,811      $ 5,861      $ 6,038      $ 11,543      $ 18,292   

Hardware revenues (See Note 1)

     (60,350     (48,787     (36,279     (39,225     (42,313     (41,652     (46,837     (51,101

Less: MSOs/Broadcasters-related hardware revenues

     19,961        14,497        2,041        5,190        8,608        9,333        8,971        5,632   

Cost of hardware revenues

     74,552        65,909        53,711        55,614        57,953        57,742        65,907        78,712   

Less: MSOs/Broadcasters-related cost of hardware revenues

     (17,858     (13,706     (2,027     (4,924     (8,015     (8,590     (8,205     (5,105
                                                                

Total Acquisition Costs

     23,562        22,961        22,162        22,466        22,094        22,871        31,379        46,430   
                                                                

TiVo-Owned Subscription Gross Additions

     144        148        161        171        176        187        237        262   

Subscription Acquisition Costs (SAC)

   $ 164      $ 155      $ 138      $ 131      $ 126      $ 122      $ 132      $ 177   
                                                                

As a result of the seasonal nature of our subscription growth, total acquisition costs vary significantly during the year. Management primarily reviews the SAC metric on an annual basis due to the timing difference between our recognition of promotional program expense and the subsequent addition of the related subscriptions. For example, we have historically experienced increased TiVo-Owned subscription gross additions during the fourth quarter, however, sales and marketing, subscription acquisition activities occur throughout the year.

During the three months ended April 30, 2010, our total acquisition costs were $5.5 million, an increase of $601,000 from the same prior year period. This increase in total acquisition costs was related to our increased sales and marketing subscription acquisition spending of $2.2 million which was due to the launch of our new TiVo Premiere boxes, which we rolled out during the quarter ended April 30, 2010. This increased spending was offset by improved TiVo-Owned hardware gross margin loss which decreased by $1.6 million. This improvement in hardware gross margin loss is related to our new TiVo Premiere boxes which we rolled out during the quarter ended April 30, 2010.

During the twelve months ended April 30, 2010 our total acquisition costs were $23.6 million, a 7% increase when compared to the $22.1 million in total acquisition costs from the same prior year period. This increase in total acquisition costs was largely related to our increased sales and marketing subscription acquisition spending of $1.4 million which was due to the launch of our new TiVo Premiere boxes, which we rolled out during the quarter ended April 30, 2010.

The increase in SAC of $34 and $38, for the three and twelve months ended April 30, 2010, respectively as compared to the same prior year periods, was largely related to the increase total acquisition costs combined with fewer subscription gross additions during the three and twelve month periods as compared to the same prior year periods.

Average Revenue Per Subscription or ARPU. Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate the potential of our subscription base to generate revenues from a variety of sources, including subscription fees, advertising, and audience research measurement. ARPU does not include rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel that reduce our GAAP revenues. As a result, you should not use ARPU as a substitute for measures of financial performance calculated in accordance with GAAP. Management believes it is useful to consider this metric excluding the costs associated with rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel because of the discretionary and varying nature of these expenses and because management believes these expenses, which are included in hardware revenues, net, are more appropriately monitored as part of SAC. We are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating ARPU and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

We calculate ARPU per month for TiVo-Owned subscriptions by subtracting MSOs/Broadcaster-related service revenues (which includes MSOs/Broadcasters’ subscription service revenues and MSOs/Broadcasters’-related advertising revenues) from our total reported net service revenues and dividing the result by the number of months in the period. We then divide by Average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for the period, calculated as described above for churn rate. The following table shows this calculation:

 

     Three Months Ended  

TiVo-Owned Average Revenue per Subscription

   April 30,
2010
    Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    April 30,
2009
    Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    July 31,
2008
 
     (In thousands, except ARPU)  

Total service revenues

     36,244        38,442        37,701        41,500        42,129        44,115        47,676        48,174   

Less: MSOs/Broadcasters’-related service     revenues

     (3,760     (4,190     (1,893     (4,315     (4,522     (5,137     (5,772     (5,781
                                                                

TiVo-Owned-related service revenues

     32,484        34,252        35,808        37,185        37,607        38,978        41,904        42,393   

Average TiVo-Owned revenues per month

     10,828        11,417        11,936        12,395        12,536        12,993        13,968        14,131   

Average TiVo-Owned per month subscriptions

     1,437        1,506        1,560        1,604        1,639        1,656        1,675        1,712   
                                                                

TiVo-Owned ARPU per month

   $ 7.54      $ 7.58      $ 7.65      $ 7.73      $ 7.65      $ 7.85      $ 8.34      $ 8.25   
                                                                

 

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The decrease in TiVo-Owned ARPU per month for the quarter ended April 30, 2010 was largely due to a higher number of product lifetime subscriptions that are fully amortized, as compared to the same prior year period. In the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011, we expect TiVo-Owned ARPU per month to be relatively flat as compared to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010.

We calculate ARPU per month for MSOs/Broadcasters’ subscriptions by first subtracting TiVo-Owned-related service revenues (which includes TiVo-Owned subscription service revenues and TiVo-Owned related advertising revenues) from our total reported service revenues. Then we divide average revenues per month for MSOs/Broadcasters’-related service revenues by the average MSOs/Broadcasters’ subscriptions for the period. The following table shows this calculation:

 

     Three Months Ended  

MSOs/Broadcasters’ Average Revenue per Subscription

   April 30,
2010
    Jan 31,
2010
    Oct 31,
2009
    July 31,
2009
    April 30,
2009
    Jan 31,
2009
    Oct 31,
2008
    July 31,
2008
 
     (In thousands, except ARPU)  

Total service revenues

     36,244        38,442        37,701        41,500        42,129        44,115        47,676        48,174   

Less: TiVo-Owned-related service revenues

     (32,484     (34,252     (35,808     (37,185     (37,607     (38,978     (41,904     (42,393
                                                                

*MSOs/Broadcasters’-related service revenues

     3,760        4,190        1,893        4,315        4,522        5,137        5,772        5,781   

Average MSOs/Broadcasters’ revenues per month

     1,253        1,397        631        1,438        1,507        1,712        1,924        1,927   

Average MSOs/Broadcasters’ per month subscriptions

     1,120        1,165        1,378        1,521        1,625        1,743        1,868        2,009   
                                                                

*MSOs/Broadcasters’ ARPU per month

   $ 1.12      $ 1.20      $ 0.46      $ 0.95      $ 0.93      $ 0.98      $ 1.03      $ 0.96   
                                                                

 

* MSOs/Broadcasters-related ARPU in the third quarter ending October 31, 2009 would have been approximately $0.88, excluding the one time reduction of $1.8 million in MSOs/Broadcasters-related service revenues related to the one time reduction of 146,000 subscriptions associated with the correction of subscription over-reporting error by DIRECTV previously disclosed.

The MSOs/Broadcasters’ related service revenues for the quarter ended April 30, 2010 increased $0.19 per subscription to $1.12 per subscription, as compared $0.93 for the same prior year period. This fluctuation in average revenue per subscription is largely due to increased minimum commitments associated with our distribution agreement with DIRECTV. In the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011, we expect MSOs/Broadcasters’ revenue to be higher, as compared to the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010 due to these increased minimum commitments.

Critical Accounting Estimates

In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on our revenue, operating income (loss) and net income (loss), as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. At least quarterly, we evaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates and make changes accordingly. Historically, our assumptions, judgments and estimates relative to our critical accounting estimates have not differed materially from actual results. For further information about our critical accounting estimates, see the discussion under the heading “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There have been no recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the three months ended April 30, 2010, as compared to the recent accounting pronouncements described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, that are of significance, or potential significance to the Company. The Company is still evaluating the impact of the adoption of new accounting standards which provide guidance for arrangements with multiple deliverables and revenue recognition for tangible products containing software and hardware elements on its consolidated financial statements. Both standards will be effective for TiVo in the first quarter of fiscal year 2012.

 

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Results of Operations

Net Revenues. Our net revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 as a percentage of total net revenues were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Service revenues

   $ 36,244      59   $ 42,129      76

Technology revenues

   $ 6,973      11   $ 6,386      12

Hardware revenues

   $ 18,169      30   $ 6,606      12
                            

Net revenues

   $ 61,386      100   $ 55,121      100
                            

Change from same prior year period

     11       -10  

Service Revenues. The decrease in TiVo-Owned service revenues of $5.9 million in the three months ended April 30, 2010 as compared to the same prior year period was due to a lower cumulative subscription base and an increased number of fully-amortized product lifetime subscriptions which no longer generated subscription revenues.

Technology Revenues. Technology revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2010 increased by 9% or $587,000 as compared to the prior fiscal year primarily due to our continued development work with DIRECTV and Comcast combined with newer development projects for our new distribution channels such as non-DVR devices such as Best Buy’s Insignia branded televisions and our development deal with Conax which is a conditional access security provider.

Hardware Revenues. Hardware revenues, net of allowance for sales returns and net of revenue share and marketing development fund payments for the three months ended April 30, 2010, increased by $11.6 million as compared to the same prior year period. The increase in net hardware revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2010 is related to the increase in the number of units sold during the period as compared to the same prior year period, as our sales volume increased due to the launch of our new TiVo Premiere boxes.

Cost of service revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of service revenues

   $ 10,403      $ 10,150   

Change from same prior year period

     2     -9

Percentage of service revenues

     29     24

Service gross margin

   $ 25,841      $ 31,979   

Service gross margin as a percentage of service revenues

     71     76

Cost of service revenues consist primarily of telecommunication and network expenses, employee salaries, service center, credit card processing fees, and other expenses related to providing the TiVo service. Cost of service revenues remained relatively flat, as compared to the same prior year period.

Cost of technology revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of technology revenues

   $ 5,021      $ 4,483   

Change from same prior year period

     12     14

Percentage of technology revenues

     72     70

Technology gross margin

   $ 1,952      $ 1,903   

Technology gross margin as a percentage of technology revenues

     28     30

 

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Cost of technology revenues includes costs associated with our development work primarily for Comcast, DIRECTV, and our other international and domestic projects. The 12% increase in cost of technology revenues as compared to the same prior year period is largely due to the increase in technology revenues for the same period.

Cost of hardware revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of hardware revenues

   $ 19,219      $ 10,576   

Change from same prior year period

     82     2

Percentage of hardware revenues

     106     160

Hardware gross margin

   $ (1,050   $ (3,970

Hardware gross margin as a percentage of hardware revenue

     -6     -60

Cost of hardware revenues include all product costs associated with the TiVo-enabled DVRs we distribute and sell, including manufacturing-related overhead and personnel, warranty, certain licensing, order fulfillment, and freight costs. We sell this hardware primarily as a means to grow our service revenues and, as a result, do not intend to generate positive gross margins from these hardware sales. Our costs of hardware sales for the three months ended April 30, 2010 increased primarily because we sold significantly more TiVo units as compared to the same prior year periods due to the launch of our new TiVo Premiere boxes.

Hardware gross margin loss for the three months ended April 30, 2010 decreased by $2.9 million as compared to the same prior year period largely due to the launch and sales of our new TiVo Premiere boxes which cost less to produce than our previous HD DVR offerings which were among the products sold during the same prior year period.

Research and development expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Research and development expenses

   $ 18,628      $ 15,066   

Change from same prior year period

     24     2

Percentage of net revenues

     30     27

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting expenses. The increase in research and development expenses of $3.6 million for the three months ended April 30, 2010 was largely related to increased headcount and headcount related costs of $5.1 million offset by an increased allocation to cost of technology revenues of $1.3 million for utilization of our engineering staff on development projects generating technology revenues. For the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011 we expect to increase our research and development spending as we believe that investments in research and development are critical to remaining competitive and being a leader in advanced television solutions beyond the DVR.

Sales and marketing expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Sales and marketing expenses

   $ 7,760      $ 5,695   

Change from same prior year period

     36     -4

Percentage of net revenues

     13     10

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses. The increase for the quarter ended April 30, 2010, as compared to the same prior year period in sales and marketing expenses of $2.1 million was primarily related to increased headcount and headcount related costs of $846,000. Additionally we incurred approximately $1.0 million in increased channel support and other related expenses associated with the launch of our new TiVo Premiere boxes.

 

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Sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs.

 

    Three Months Ended April 30,  
    2010     2009  
    (In thousands, except percentages)  

Sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs

  $ 3,191      $ 982   

Change from same prior year period

    225     -15

Percentage of net revenues

    5     2

Sales and marketing, subscription acquisition costs include advertising expenses and promotional expenses directly related to our efforts to acquire new TiVo-Owned subscriptions to the TiVo service. The increase for the three months ended April 30, 2010, as compared to the same prior year period was largely related to the launch of our next generation TiVo Premiere and TiVo Premiere XL boxes in the retail channel.

General and administrative expenses.

 

    Three Months Ended April 30,  
    2010     2009  
    (In thousands, except percentages)  

General and administrative

  $ 11,697      $ 12,242   

Change from same prior year period

    -4     18

Percentage of net revenues

    19     22

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses for executive, administrative, accounting, information technology systems, facility costs, and legal and professional fees. During the three months ended April 30, 2010, general and administrative expenses decreased by $545,000 as compared to the same prior year period. The decrease is largely related to lower non cash stock compensation expenses of $707,000. For the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011 we anticipate higher general and administrative spending due to increased legal activities related to our litigations.

Interest income. Interest income resulting from cash and cash equivalents held in interest bearing accounts and short-term investments for the three months ended April 30, 2010 was $369,000 or approximately a 94% increase compared to the $190,000 from the same prior year period. The increase was a result of an increase in the average interest rate earned for the quarter ended April 30, 2010 to approximately 0.58% from 0.33% in the same prior year period as we changed our investment mix, combined with an increased cash balance in the quarter ended April 30, 2010 as compared to the same prior year period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have financed our operations and met our capital expenditure requirements primarily from the proceeds from the sale of equity securities. Our cash resources are subject, in part, to the amount and timing of cash received from our subscriptions, licensing and engineering services customers, and hardware customers. As of April 30, 2010, we had $255.5 million of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. We believe our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, provide sufficient resources to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs through the next twelve months and beyond.

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows provided by operations, investing, and financing activities. Although we currently anticipate these sources of liquidity, together with cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments will be sufficient to meet our cash needs through the next twelve months and beyond, we may require or choose to obtain additional financing. Our ability to obtain financing will depend, among other things, on our development efforts, business plans, operating performance, and the condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to the rights of our common stock, and our stockholders may experience dilution. If we need to raise additional funds in the future and are unable to do so or obtain additional financing on acceptable terms in the future, it is possible we would have to limit certain planned activities including sales and marketing and research and development activities. Please refer to Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” for further discussion.

 

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Statement of Cash Flows Discussion

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities:

 

     Three Months Ended April 30,  
     2010     2009  
     (in thousands)  

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   $ (12,672   $ 5,462   

Net cash used in investing activities

   $ (14,957   $ (23,563

Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 24,859      $ 5,931   

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities

During the three months ended April 30, 2010 our net cash used by operating activities was $12.7 million as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $5.5 million during the same prior year period. This change in operating cash flow was largely attributed to our increased net loss of $10.3 million.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

The net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended April 30, 2010 was approximately $15.0 million compared to $23.6 million for the same prior year period. The net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2010 was largely related to TiVo’s cash management process, and the purchase and sales of short-term investments resulting in a net expenditure of cash and cash equivalents of $13.8 million (which resulted in a corresponding increase in short-term investments of $13.8 million). Additionally, during the three months ended April 30 2010, we acquired property and equipment of $1.2 million which is used to support our business.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

For the three months ended April 30, 2010, the principal sources of cash generated from financing activities was related to the issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options which generated $28.7 million which was partially offset by the repurchase of $3.8 million in restricted stock to satisfy employee tax withholdings.

Financing Agreements

Universal Shelf Registration Statement. We have an effective universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-146156) on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under which we may issue up to $100,000,000 of securities, including debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, and warrants. Depending on market conditions, we may issue securities under this or future registration statements or in private offerings exempt from registration requirements.

Contractual Obligations

 

     Payments due by Period

Contractual Obligations

   Total    Less
than 1
year
   1-3 years    3-5 years    Over 5
years
     (In thousands)

Operating leases

   $ 13,529    $ 2,146    $ 3,775    $ 3,928    $ 3,680

Purchase obligations

     8,996      8,996      0      0      0
                                  

Total contractual cash obligations

   $ 22,525    $ 11,142    $ 3,775    $ 3,928    $ 3,680
                                  

Purchase Commitments with Contract Manufacturers and Suppliers. We purchase components from a variety of suppliers and use several contract manufacturers to provide manufacturing services for our products. During the normal course of business, in order to manage manufacturing lead times and help assure adequate component supply, we enter into agreements with contract manufacturers and suppliers that either allow them to procure inventory based upon criteria as defined by us or that establish the parameters defining our requirements. In certain instances, these agreements allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed. The table above displays that portion of our purchase commitments arising from these agreements that is firm, non-cancelable, and unconditional. If there are unexpected changes to anticipated demand for our products or in the sales mix of our products, some of the firm, non-cancelable, and unconditional purchase commitments may result in TiVo being committed to purchase excess inventory.

As of April 30, 2010, gross unrecognized tax benefits, which if recognized would affect the effective tax rate, were approximately $231,000, which are classified as long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. At this time, we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years due to uncertainties in the timing of tax audit outcomes; therefore, such amounts are not included in the above contractual obligation table.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As part of our ongoing business, we generally do not engage in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities. Accordingly, our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows are not generally subject to off-balance sheet risks associated with these types of arrangements. We did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements as of April 30, 2010.

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio and we conduct transactions in U.S. dollars. We currently invest the majority of our cash in money market funds, high-grade government and corporate debt, and high-grade foreign corporate and government securities. We maintain our investments with three financial institutions with high credit ratings. We also hold investments in auction rate securities. As part of our cash management process, we perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit ratings of issuers of these securities. We have not experienced any credit losses on our cash, cash equivalents, or short and long-term investments. Our investment portfolio only includes instruments with original maturities of less than two years (with the exception of auction rate securities as discussed below) held for investment purposes, not trading purposes. Due to the short-term nature of our cash equivalents and short-term investments we do not anticipate any material effect on our portfolio due to fluctuations in interest rates.

As of April 30, 2010, we held approximately $5.0 million principal amount of investments with an auction reset feature (auction-rate securities), with a fair value of $4.1 million that are classified as a long-term assets. We have recorded an unrealized loss on these auction rate securities of $852,000. We have no intent to sell these securities and it is more-likely-than not that we will not be required to sell these ARS prior to recovery. Based on our expected operating cash flows, and our other sources of cash, we do not anticipate the potential lack of liquidity on these investments will materially affect our ability to execute our current business plan.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We are committed to maintaining disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures and implementing controls and procedures based on the application of management’s judgment.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined above, were effective in reaching a reasonable level of assurance as of April 30, 2010 (the end of the period covered by this Report).

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended April 30, 2010 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations of Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Additionally, controls can be circumvented or over-ridden by the individual acts of some persons, by the collusion of two or more people, or by management. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements or omissions due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

        The information under the heading “Legal Matters” set forth under Note 6 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risk factors described in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2010 in the section entitled “Risk Factors”, in addition to the other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere, and the other information contained in this report and in our other filings with the SEC, including our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2010 and subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K.

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

 

ITEM 4. REMOVED AND RESERVED

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None

 

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Table of Contents
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 

EXHIBIT
NUMBER

 

DESCRIPTION

  3.1     Amendment No. 1 to TiVo Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective as of March 23, 2010 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2010).
10.1     Third Amended & Restated Employment Agreement between TiVo Inc. and Thomas Rogers, dated as of February 1, 2010 (filed herewith).
10.2+   Letter Agreement between TiVo Inc. and Tribune Media Services, Inc., dated as of March 22, 2010 (filed herewith).
10.3+   Non-DVR Media Application Addendum between TiVo Inc. and Best Buy Stores, L.P., made effective as of July 7, 2009, to the Master Marketing and Development Agreement, dated as of July 7, 2009 (filed herewith).
10.4     Summary of TiVo Inc. Fiscal Year 2011 Bonus Plan For Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on May 4, 2010).
31.1     Certification of Thomas Rogers, President and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2010 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2     Certification of Anna Brunelle, Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2010 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*   Certification of Thomas Rogers, President and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2010 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*   Certification of Anna Brunelle, Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated June 9, 2010 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101**   The following financial information from TiVo Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2010 filed with the SEC on June 9, 2010, formatted in XBRL includes: (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended April 30, 2010 and 2009, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2010 and January 31, 2010, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended April 30, 2010 and 2009 and (iv) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text (filed herewith).

 

+ Confidential treatment has been requested as to portions of this exhibit.
* The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of TiVo Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
** Furnished, not filed.

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES AND OFFICER CERTIFICATIONS

Pursuant to the requirements the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

        TIVO INC.
Date: June 9, 2010     By:  

/S/    THOMAS ROGERS        

      Thomas Rogers
     

President and Chief Executive

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: June 9, 2010     By:  

/S/    ANNA BRUNELLE        

      Anna Brunelle
     

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

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