Edgar Filing: PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE CO

Form 20-F

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 20-F

¨	REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

x	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 – For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 – For the transition period from to

¨	SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 – Date of event requiring this shell company report

Commission file number 1-03006

Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Republic of the Philippines

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Ramon Cojuangco Building

Makati Avenue

Makati City, Philippines

(Address of principal executive offices)

Atty. Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan, telephone: +(632) 816-8556; lrchan@pldt.com.ph;

Ramon Cojuangco Bldg., Makati Avenue, Makati City, Philippines

(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of Company contact person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.


Title of each class				Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Capital Stock, Par Value Five Philippine Pesos Per Share				New York Stock Exchange*

American Depositary Shares, evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, each representing one share of Common Capital Stock				New York Stock Exchange

*	Registered on the New York Stock Exchange not for trading but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, pursuant to the requirements of such stock exchange.

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

8.350% Notes due March 2017

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as at the close of the period covered by the annual report.

As at December 31, 2014:

216,055,775 shares of Common Capital Stock, Par Value Five Philippine Pesos Per Share

36,000,570 shares of Non-voting Preferred Stock, Par Value Ten Philippine Pesos Per Share

150,000,000 shares of Voting Preferred Stock, Par Value One Philippine Peso Per Share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act: Yes x No ¨

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: Yes ¨ No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (of for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer x Accelerated Filer ¨ Non-Accelerated Filer ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:


U.S. GAAP ¨		International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board x		Other ¨

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ¨ Item 18 ¨

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

TABLE OF CONTENTS



CERTAIN CONVENTIONS AND TERMS USED IN THIS REPORT		3

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		7

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION		8

PART I		8
Item 1.	Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors	8
Item 2.	Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable	8
Item 3.	Key Information	8
	Performance Indicators	8
	Selected Financial Data	10
	Capital Stock	11
	Dividends Declared	11
	Dividends Paid	12
	Exchange Rates	12
	Capitalization and Indebtedness	13
	Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds	13
	Risk Factors	13
Item 4.	Information on the Company	33
	Overview	33
	Historical Background and Development	34
	Recent Developments	35
	Business Overview	36
	Capital Expenditures and Divestitures	39
	Organization	39
	Development Activities (2012-2014)	41
	Strengths	47
	Strategy	48
	Business	49
	Infrastructure	64
	Interconnection Agreements	68
	Licenses and Regulations	69
	Material Effects of Regulation on our Business	73
	Competition	76
	Environmental Matters	79
	Intellectual Property Rights	79
	Properties	79
Item 4A.	Unresolved Staff Comments	80
Item 5.	Operating and Financial Review and Prospects	81
	Overview	81
	Management’s Financial Review	82
	Critical Accounting Policies	84
	New Accounting Standards and Interpretations to Existing Standards Effective Subsequent to December 31, 2013	93
	Results of Operations	94
	Plans	142
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	143
	Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices	154
Item 6.	Directors, Senior Management and Employees	155
	Directors, Key Officers and Advisors	155
	Terms of Office	168
	Family Relationships	168
	Compensation of Key Management Personnel	168
	Long-term Incentive Plan	169
	Share Ownership	171
	Board Practices	172
	Audit, Governance and Nomination, Executive Compensation and Technology Strategy Committees	172
	Directors’ and Officers’ Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings	177
	Employees and Labor Relations	178
	Pension and Retirement Benefits	179
Item 7.	Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions	181
	Related Party Transactions	184
Item 8.	Financial Information	184
	Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information	184
	Legal Proceedings	184
	Dividend Distribution Policy	186
Item 9.	The Offer and Listing	187
	Common Capital Stock and American Depositary Shares	187


Item 10.	Additional Information	188
	Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws	188
	Material Contracts	188
	Exchange Controls and Other Limitations Affecting Securities Holders	189
	Taxation	190
	Documents on Display	195
Item 11.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks	195
	Liquidity Risk	196
	Foreign Currency Exchange Risk	199
	Interest Rate Risk	202
	Credit Risk	205
	Impairment Assessments	209
	Capital Management Risk	209
Item 12.	Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities	210

PART II
Item 13.	Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies	211
Item 14.	Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds	211
Item 15.	Controls and Procedures	212
Item 16A.	Audit Committee Financial Expert	213
Item 16B.	Code of Business Conduct and Ethics	213
Item 16C.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	225
Item 16D.	Exemption from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees	226
Item 16E.	Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchaser	226
Item 16F.	Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant	226
Item 16G.	Corporate Governance	226
Item 16H.	Mine Safety Disclosure	227

PART III
Item 17.	Financial Statements	228
Item 18.	Financial Statements	228
Item 19.	Exhibits	463

EXHIBIT INDEX		465

CERTIFICATION

CERTAIN CONVENTIONS AND TERMS USED IN THIS REPORT

Unless the context indicates or otherwise requires, references to “we,” “us,” “our” or “PLDT Group” mean Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and references to “PLDT” or “the Company” mean Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company, not including its consolidated subsidiaries (see Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for a list of these subsidiaries, including a description of their respective principal business activities).

Any discrepancies in any table between totals and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding.

All references to the “Philippines” contained in this report mean the Republic of the Philippines and all references to the “U.S.” or the “United States” are to the United States of America.

In this report, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, all references to “pesos,” “Philippine pesos” or “Php” are to the lawful currency of the Philippines, all references to “dollars,” “U.S. dollars” or “US$” are to the lawful currency of the United States and all references to “Japanese yen,” “JP¥” or “¥” are to the lawful currency of Japan. Unless otherwise indicated, conversion of peso amounts into U.S. dollars in this report were made based on the volume weighted average exchange rate quoted through the Philippine Dealing System, which was Php44.74 to US$1.00 on December 31, 2014. On March 25, 2015, the volume weighted average exchange rate quoted was Php44.77 to US$1.00.

In this annual report, each reference to:

•

ACeS Philippines means ACeS Philippines Cellular Satellite Corporation, an 88.5%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

ADRs means American Depositary Receipts;

•

ADSs means American Depositary Shares;

•

AFCS means Automated Fare Collection System;

•

AFCSI means Automated Fare Collection Systems, Inc., a 20%-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

AGS means ABM Global Solutions, Inc., a 99.8%-owned subsidiary of ePLDT;

•

AGS Group means AGS and its subsidiaries;

•

ARPU means average revenue per user;

•

Bayan means Bayan Telecommunications, Inc.;

•

BCC means Bonifacio Communications Corporation, a 75%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

Beacon means Beacon Electric Asset Holdings, Inc., 50%-owned by PCEV;

•

Beta means Asia Outsourcing Beta Limited;

•

BIR means Bureau of Internal Revenue;

•

BPO means business process outsourcing;

•

BSP means Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas;

•

BTFHI means BTF Holdings, Inc., a wholly-owned company of the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund;

•

BTS means base transceiver station;

•

CBA means collective bargaining agreement;

•

CEO means chief executive officer;

•

CG Manual means PLDT Manual on Corporate Governance;

•

Chikka means Chikka Holdings Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

Chikka Group means Chikka and its subsidiaries;

•

Cignal TV means Cignal TV, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Satventures, Inc.;

•

ClarkTel means PLDT Clark Telecom, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

CMTS means cellular mobile telephone system;

•

CPCN means Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity;

•

CURE means Connectivity Unlimited Resource Enterprise, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PHC;

•

DFON means domestic fiber optic network;

•

Digitel means Digital Telecommunications Philippines, Inc., a 99.6%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

Digitel Group means Digitel and its subsidiaries;

•

DMPI means Digitel Mobile Philippines, Inc., which owns the brand name Sun Cellular and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Digitel;

•

DSL means digital subscriber line;

•

ECC means Executive Compensation Committee;

•

ePDS means ePDS, Inc., a 67%-owned subsidiary of ePLDT;

•

ePLDT means ePLDT, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

EPS means earnings per share;

•

FECL means Far East Capital Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

First Pacific means First Pacific Company Limited;

•

First Pacific Group means First Pacific and its Philippine affiliates;

•

FP Parties means First Pacific and certain Philippine affiliates and wholly-owned non-Philippine subsidiary;

•

FTTH means Fiber-to-the-Home;

•

GAAP means generally accepted accounting principles;

•

Globe means Globe Telecom, Inc.;

•

GNC means Governance and Nomination Committee;

•

GSM means global system for mobile communications;

•

HB means House Bill;

•

HSPA means high-speed packet access;

•

IAS means International Accounting Standards;

•

I-Contacts means I-Contacts Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

ICT means information and communications technology;

•

IFRS means International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board;

•

IGF means international gateway facility;

•

IP means internet protocol;

•

IPCDSI means IP Converge Data Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ePLDT;

•

ISP means internet service provider;

•

JG Summit Group means JG Summit Holdings, Inc. and its affiliates;

•

JGSHI means JG Summit Holdings, Inc.;

•

LEC means local exchange carrier;

•

LTE means long-term evolution;

•

LTIP means long-term incentive plan;

•

Maratel means PLDT-Maratel, Inc., a 98%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

MediaQuest means MediaQuest Holdings, Inc., a wholly-owned entity of the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund;

•

Meralco means Manila Electric Company;

•

MIC means Mabuhay Investments Corporation (formerly Mabuhay Satellite Corporation), a 67%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

MPIC means Metro Pacific Investments Corporation, a subsidiary of First Pacific;

•

MPRI means Metro Pacific Resources, Inc.;

•

MVNO means mobile virtual network operations;

•

NGN means Next Generation Network;

•

NTC means the National Telecommunications Commission of the Philippines;

•

NTT means Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation;

•

NTT Communications means NTT Communications Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of NTT;

•

NTT DOCOMO means NTT DOCOMO, Inc., a majority-owned and publicly traded subsidiary of NTT;

•

NTTC-UK means NTT Communications Capital (UK) Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of NTT Communications;

•

NYSE means New York Stock Exchange;

•

PAPTELCO means Philippine Association of Private Telephone Companies, Inc.;

•

PCEV means PLDT Communications and Energy Ventures, Inc., a 99.9%-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

PDRs means Philippine Depositary Receipts;

•

PDSI means Primeworld Digital Systems, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

PFRS means Philippine Financial Reporting Standards;

•

PG1 means Pacific Global One Aviation Co., Inc., a 65%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

PGIC means Philippine Global Investments Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT Global;

•

PGIH means Philippine Global Investments Holdings, Inc. (formerly SPi Global Holdings, Inc.), a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

PGNL means Pilipinas Global Network Limited, a 64.6%-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

PHC means PH Communications Holdings Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

PHIG means Philippine Internet Group, a joint venture agreement between PLDT and Rocket;

•

Philcom means PLDT-Philcom, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

Philcom Group means Philcom and its subsidiaries;

•

Philippine SEC means the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission;

•

Philweb means Philweb Corporation;

•

PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund means the beneficial trust fund created by PLDT to pay the benefits under the PLDT Employees’ Benefit Plan;

•

PLDT Digital means PLDT Digital Investments Pte. Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

PLDT Global means PLDT Global Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

PLDT Online means PLDT Online Investments Pte. Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT Digital;

•

PLP means PLDT Landline Plus;

•

PSE means the Philippine Stock Exchange, Inc.;

•

PTIC means Philippine Telecommunications Investment Corporation;

•

Satventures means Satventures, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mediaquest;

•

SBI means SmartBroadband, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

SIM means Subscriber Identification Module;

•

Smart means Smart Communications, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

SME means small and medium enterprises;

•

SMI means Smart e-Money, Inc. (formerly Smart Hub, Inc.), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

SMS means Short Messaging Service;

•

SRF means Supervision and Regulation Fees;

•

SubicTel means PLDT Subic Telecom, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT;

•

TSC means the Technology Strategy Committee;

•

U.S. SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;

•

VAS means Value-Added Service;

•

VoIP means Voice over Internet Protocol;

•

Voyager means Voyager Innovations, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart;

•

VPN means vitual private network;

•

W-CDMA means Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access;

•

WiMAX means Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access; and

•

Wolfpac means Wolfpac Mobile, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Some information in this report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current beliefs, expectations and intentions as to facts, actions and events that will or may occur in the future. Such statements are generally identified by forward-looking words such as “believe,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “continue,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “will” or other similar words.

A forward-looking statement may include a statement of the assumptions or bases underlying the forward-looking statement. We have chosen these assumptions or bases in good faith. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, some of which are beyond our control. In addition, these forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are not a guarantee of future performance. Actual results may differ materially from information contained in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including, without limitation, the risk factors set forth in Item 3. “Key Information – Risk Factors.” When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the description of risks and other cautionary statements in this report.

You should also keep in mind that any forward-looking statement made by us in this report or elsewhere speaks only as at the date on which we made it. New risks and uncertainties come up from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. We have no duty to, and do not intend to, update or revise the statements in this report after the date hereof. In light of these risks and uncertainties, you should keep in mind that actual results may differ materially from any forward-looking statement made in this report or elsewhere.

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Our consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, included in Item 18. “Financial Statements” of this annual report on Form 20-F have been prepared in conformity with IFRS.

As at December 31, 2014, our chief operating decision maker, which we refer to as our Management Committee, categorized our business activities in three business units: Wireless, Fixed Line and Others. On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO segment, which was completed in April 2013. The results of operations of our BPO business for the four months ended April 30, 2013 and for the year ended December 31, 2012 were presented as discontinued operations. See Item 4. “Information on the Company – Development Activities (2012-2014) – Sale of BPO Segment”, Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations and Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Assets Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion of the classification of the BPO segment as an asset held-for-sale.

PART I

Item 1.

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors

Not applicable.

Item 2.

Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not applicable.

Item 3.

Key Information

Performance Indicators

We use a number of non-GAAP performance indicators to monitor financial performance. These are summarized below and discussed later in this report.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is measured as net income excluding depreciation and amortization, amortization of intangible assets, asset impairment on noncurrent assets, financing costs, interest income, equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures, foreign exchange gains (losses) – net, gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net, provision for (benefit from) income tax and other income (expenses) – net. Adjusted EBITDA is monitored by the management for each business unit separately for purposes of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. Adjusted EBITDA is presented because our management believes that it is widely used by investors in their analysis of the performance of PLDT and can assist them in their comparison of PLDT’s performance with those of other companies in the technology, media and telecommunications sector. We also present Adjusted EBITDA because it is used by some investors as a way to measure a company’s ability to incur and service debt, make capital expenditures and meet working capital requirements. Companies in the technology, media and telecommunications sector have historically reported Adjusted EBITDA as a supplement to financial measures in accordance with IFRS. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our performance, nor should Adjusted EBITDA be considered as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity or as an alternative to any other measure determined in accordance with IFRS. Unlike net income, Adjusted EBITDA does not include depreciation and amortization or financing costs and, therefore, does not reflect current or future capital expenditures or the cost of capital. We compensate for these limitations by using Adjusted EBITDA as only one of several comparative tools, together with IFRS-based measurements, to assist in the evaluation of operating performance. Such IFRS-based measurements include income before income tax, net income, cash flows from operations and cash flow data. We have significant uses of cash flows, including capital expenditures, interest payments, debt principal repayments, taxes and other non-recurring charges, which are not reflected in Adjusted EBITDA. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA may be different from the calculation methods used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited.

A reconciliation of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 is presented in Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Management’s Financial Review” and Note 4 – Operating Segment Information to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Core Income

Core income is measured as net income attributable to equity holders of PLDT (net income less net income attributable to non-controlling interests), excluding foreign exchange gains (losses) – net, gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net (excluding hedge costs), asset impairment on noncurrent assets, nonrecurring gains (losses), net of tax effect of aforementioned adjustments, as applicable, and similar adjustments to equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures. Core income results are monitored by the management for each business unit separately for purposes of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. Also, core income is used by the management as a basis for determining the level of dividend payouts to shareholders and a basis for granting incentives to employees. Core income should not be considered as an alternative to income before income tax or net income determined in accordance with IFRS as an indicator of our performance. Unlike income before income tax, core income does not include foreign exchange gains and losses, gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, asset impairments and nonrecurring gains and losses. We compensate for these limitations by using core income as only one of several comparative tools, together with IFRS-based measurements, to assist in the evaluation of operating performance. Such IFRS-based measurements include income before income tax and net income. Our calculation of core income may be different from the calculation methods used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited. A reconciliation of our consolidated core income to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 is presented in Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Management’s Financial Review” and Note 4 – Operating Segment Information to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Selected Financial Data

The selected consolidated financial information below as at December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010 and for the financial years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010, should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements, and the accompanying notes, included elsewhere in Item 18. “Financial Statements” of this annual report on Form 20-F. As disclosed under “Presentation of Financial Information,” our consolidated financial statements as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010 have been prepared and presented in conformity with IFRS.


	2014⁽¹⁾			2014			2013			2012			2011⁽²⁾			2010
	(in millions, except earnings per common share amounts, weighted average number of common shares, ratio of earnings to fixed charges and dividends declared per common share amounts)
Statements of Operations Data:
Revenues	US$	3,821		Php	170,962		Php	168,331		Php	163,033		Php	148,479		Php	150,814
Service revenues		3,690			165,070			164,052			159,738			145,834			148,597
Non-service revenues		132			5,892			4,279			3,295			2,645			2,217
Expenses⁽³⁾		2,916			130,457			125,515			122,529			106,424			95,287
Net income (loss) for the year		762			34,090			35,453			36,099			31,218			39,825
Continuing operations		762			34,090			33,384			35,556			30,351			40,314
Discontinued operations		—			—			2,069			543			867			(489	)
Earnings per common share for the year attributable to equity holders of PLDT
Basic		3.52			157.51			163.67			167.07			161.05			210.53
Diluted		3.52			157.51			163.67			167.07			160.91			210.53
Earnings per common share from continuing operations for the year attributable to equity holders of PLDT
Basic		3.86			172.88			154.09			164.55			156.52			213.15
Diluted		3.86			172.88			154.09			164.55			156.39			213.15
Balance Sheets Data
Cash and cash equivalents		596			26,659			31,905			37,161			46,057			36,678
Total assets		9,752			436,295			399,638			405,815			401,792			278,083
Total long-term debt – net of current portion		2,579			115,399			88,924			102,811			91,273			75,879
Total debt⁽³⁾		2,908			130,123			104,090			115,792			117,275			89,646
Total liabilities		6,737			301,434			262,312			260,081			247,546			180,351
Total equity attributable to equity holders of PLDT		3,003			134,364			137,147			145,550			153,860			97,416
Weighted average number of common shares for the year (in thousands)		216,056			216,056			216,056			216,055			191,369			186,790
Other Data:
Depreciation and amortization		701			31,379			30,304			32,354			27,539			25,881
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges⁽⁴⁾		6.5x			6.5x			5.7x			5.4x			5.9x			7.0x
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,476			66,015			73,763			80,370			79,209			77,260
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,155	)		(51,686	)		(21,045	)		(39,058	)		(29,712	)		(23,283	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(445	)		(19,897	)		(59,813	)		(48,628	)		(40,204	)		(55,322	)
Dividends declared to common shareholders		893			39,970			37,809			36,946			41,460			40,909
Dividends declared per common share		4.14			185.00			175.00			171.00			222.00			219.00

⁽¹⁾

We maintain our accounts in Philippine pesos, the functional and presentation currency under IFRS. For convenience, the Philippine peso financial information as at and for the year ended December 31, 2014, has been converted into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate of Php44.74 to US$1.00, the rate quoted through the Philippine Dealing System as at December 31, 2014. This conversion should not be construed as a representation that the Philippine peso amounts represent, or have been or could be converted into, U.S. dollars at that rate or any other rate.

⁽²⁾

Includes the Digitel Group’s results of operations for the period from October 26, 2011 to December 31, 2011 and consolidated financial position as at December 31, 2011.

⁽³⁾

Total debt represents the sum of (i) current portion of long-term debt; (ii) long-term debt – net of current portion; and (iii) notes payable.

⁽⁴⁾

For purposes of this ratio, “Earnings” consist of: (a) pre-tax income from continuing operations before adjustment for noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries or income or loss from equity investees; (b) fixed charges; (c) amortization of capitalized interest;(d) distributed income of equity investees; and (e) share of pre-tax losses of equity investees for which charges arising from guarantees are included in fixed charges; less the sum of the following: (1) capitalized interest; (2) preference security dividend requirements of consolidated subsidiaries; and (3) the noncontrolling interests in pre-tax income of subsidiaries that have not incurred fixed charges.

“Fixed charges” consist of interest expense and capitalized interest, amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness, an estimate of interest within rental expense, and preference security dividend requirements of consolidated subsidiaries.

Capital Stock

The following table summarizes PLDT’s capital stock issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	December 31,
	2014		2013
	(in millions)
Serial Preferred Stock
10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock
HH and II	Php	—	Php	—
Series IV Cumulative Non-convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock		360		360
Voting Preferred Stock		150		150

		510		510
Common Stock	Php	1,080	Php	1,080

Dividends Declared

The following table shows the dividends declared to common shareholders from the earnings for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014:


	Date			Amount
Earnings	Approved	Record	Payable	Per share		Total Declared
						(in millions)
2012	August 7, 2012	August 31, 2012	September 28, 2012	Php	60	Php	12,964
2012	March 5, 2013	March 19, 2013	April 18, 2013		60		12,963
2012	March 5, 2013	March 19, 2013	April 18, 2013		52		11,235

					172		37,162

2013	August 7, 2013	August 30, 2013	September 27, 2013		63		13,611
2013	March 4, 2014	March 18, 2014	April 16, 2014		62		13,395
2013	March 4, 2014	March 18, 2014	April 16, 2014		54		11,667

					179		38,673

2014	August 5, 2014	August 28, 2014	September 26, 2014		69		14,908
2014	March 3, 2015	March 17, 2015	April 16, 2015		61		13,179
2014	March 3, 2015	March 17, 2015	April 16, 2015		26		5,618

				Php	156	Php	33,705

On August 5, 2014, the PLDT Board of Directors approved an amendment to our dividend policy, increasing the dividend payout rate to 75% from 70% of our core EPS as regular dividends. In declaring dividends, we take into consideration the interests of our shareholders as well as our working capital, capital expenditures and debt servicing requirements. The retention of earnings may be necessary to meet the funding requirements of our business expansion and development programs. However, in the event that no investment opportunities arise, we may consider returning additional cash to our shareholders in the form of special dividends of up to the balance of our core earnings or undertaking share buybacks. We were able to pay out dividends of approximately 100% of our core earnings for seven consecutive years from 2007 to 2013 and approximately 90% of our core earnings for 2014. The accumulated equity in the net earnings of our subsidiaries, which form part of our retained earnings, is not available for distribution unless realized in the form of dividends from such subsidiaries. Dividends are generally paid in Philippine pesos. In the case of shareholders residing outside the Philippines, PLDT’s transfer agent in Manila, Philippines, which acts as the dividend-disbursing agent, converts the Philippine peso dividends into U.S. dollars at the prevailing exchange rates and remits the dollar dividends abroad, net of any applicable withholding tax.

Our subsidiaries pay dividends subject to the requirements of applicable laws and regulations and availability of unrestricted retained earnings, without any restriction imposed by the terms of contractual agreements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the declaration and payment of such dividends depends upon the respective subsidiary’s results of operations and future projects, earnings, cash flow, financial condition, capital investment requirements and other factors.

Dividends Paid

The following table shows a summary of dividends paid per share of PLDT’s common stock stated in both Philippine peso and U.S. dollars:


	In Philippine Peso		In U.S. Dollars

2010		219.00		4.95
Regular Dividend – April 20, 2010		76.00		1.71
Regular Dividend – September 21, 2010		78.00		1.78
Special Dividend – April 20, 2010		65.00		1.46

2011		222.00		5.10
Regular Dividend – April 19, 2011		78.00		1.80
Regular Dividend – September 27, 2011		78.00		1.78
Special Dividend – April 19,2011		66.00		1.52

2012		171.00		4.04
Regular Dividend – April 20, 2012		63.00		1.48
Regular Dividend – September 28, 2012		60.00		1.44
Special Dividend – April 20,2012		48.00		1.12

2013		175.00		4.16
Regular Dividend – April 18, 2013		60.00		1.45
Regular Dividend – September 27, 2013		63.00		1.45
Special Dividend – April 18, 2013		52.00		1.26

2014		185.00		4.14
Regular Dividend – April 16, 2014		62.00		1.39
Regular Dividend – September 26, 2014		69.00		1.54
Special Dividend – April 16, 2014		54.00		1.21

Dividends on PLDT’s common stock were declared and paid in Philippine pesos. For the convenience of the reader, the Philippine peso dividends have been converted into U.S. dollars based on the Philippine Dealing System Reference Rate on the respective dates of dividend payments.

Exchange Rates

The Philippine government does not administratively fix the exchange rate between the Philippine peso and the U.S. dollar. Since August 1, 1992, a market average rate, known as the Philippine Dealing System Reference Rate, has been determined daily in inter-bank trading using the Philippine Dealing System. The Philippine Dealing System is a specialized off-floor direct dealing service for the trading of Philippine pesos-U.S. dollars by member banks of the Bankers Association of the Philippines, or the BAP, and BSP, the central bank of the Philippines. All members of the BAP are required to make their Philippine peso-U.S. dollar trades through this system, which was established by Telerate Financial Information Network of Hong Kong.

The following table shows the exchange rates between the Philippine peso and the U.S. dollar, expressed in Philippine pesos per U.S. dollar, for the periods indicated, based on the volume-weighted average exchange rate for each business day in each of the periods presented:


	Year Ended December 31,
	Period End		Average⁽¹⁾		High⁽²⁾		Low⁽³⁾

2010	Php	43.81	Php	45.10	Php	42.52	Php	46.98
2011		43.92		43.28		41.96		44.59
2012		41.08		42.14		40.86		44.25
2013		44.40		42.66		40.57		44.66
2014		44.74		44.45		43.64		44.87
2015 (through March 25, 2015)		44.77		44.39		44.05		45.06

Source: Philippine Dealing System Reference Rate

⁽¹⁾

Calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period.

⁽²⁾

Highest exchange rate for the period.

⁽³⁾

Lowest exchange rate for the period.


	Month
	Period End		Average⁽¹⁾		High⁽²⁾		Low⁽³⁾
2014
September	Php	44.88	Php	44.15	Php	43.56	Php	44.97
October		44.88		44.80		44.62		44.97
November		44.91		44.95		44.87		45.12
December		44.74		44.67		44.51		44.92
2015
January		44.08		44.57		44.08		45.06
February		44.08		44.22		44.05		44.40
March (through March 25, 2015)		44.77		44.41		44.08		44.83

Source: Philippine Dealing System Reference Rate

⁽¹⁾

Calculated by using the average of the exchange rates during the month.

⁽²⁾

Highest exchange rate for the month.

⁽³⁾

Lowest exchange rate for the month.

This report contains conversions of Philippine peso amounts into U.S. dollars for your convenience. Unless otherwise specified, these conversions were made at the Philippine Dealing System Reference Rate as at December 31, 2014 of Php44.74 to US$1.00. You should not assume that such Philippine peso amounts represent such U.S. dollar amounts or could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated, or at any particular rate. As at March 25, 2015, the exchange rate quoted through the Philippine Dealing System was Php44.77 to US$1.00. Unless otherwise specified, the weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar for a given year used in the following discussions in this report was calculated using the average of the daily exchange rates quoted through the Philippine Dealing System during the year.

Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Risk Factors

You should carefully consider all of the information in this annual report, including the risks and uncertainties described below. If any of the following risks actually occurs, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations and the trading price of our ADSs could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Relating to Us

We face competition from well-established telecommunications operators and may face competition from new entrants, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

In 1993, the Philippine government liberalized the Philippine telecommunications industry and opened the Philippine telecommunications market to new entrants. At present, following the acquisition of the Digitel Group by PLDT, the number of major players in the industry has been reduced to three LECs, eight IGF providers and two cellular operators in the country. Many entrants into the Philippine telecommunications market have entered into strategic alliances with foreign telecommunications companies, which provide them access to technology and funding support, as well as service innovations and marketing strategies. We cannot assure you that the number of providers of telecommunications services will not increase in the future or that competition for customers will not cause our cellular and fixed line subscribers to switch to other operators, or otherwise cause us to increase our marketing expenditures or reduce our rates, resulting in a reduction in our profitability.

Competition in the cellular telecommunications industry is particularly intense, with network coverage, quality of service, product offerings, and price dictating subscriber preference. Recently, operators have grown more aggressive in maintaining and growing market share, especially in light of a maturing market. Our principal cellular competitor, Globe, has introduced aggressive marketing campaigns and promotions, such as unlimited voice and SMS offers. In the meantime, Smart and DMPI are also continually innovating their product and service offerings and conducting promotions, which may positively affect their cellular revenue growth. Due to competition from Globe, as well as over-the-top, or OTT, services, we cannot assure you that the additional marketing expenses incurred by us for these promotions, potential loss of customers, decrease in rates or the increase in capital expenditures required for our continued capacity expansion will not, in each case, have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects.

We are also facing growing competition from providers offering services using alternative wireless technologies and IP-based networks. Additionally, the Philippine Senate finance committee recommended an increase in the 2015 budget of Department of Science and Technology’s Public WiFi Program with the aim of providing free public WiFi throughout the country starting 2015. We expect market saturation to continue to cause the wireless industry’s customer growth rate to be moderate in comparison with historical growth rates, leading to increased competition for customers. We also expect that our customers’ growing demand for data services will place constraints on our network capacity. This competition and our capacity issues will continue to put pressure on pricing and margins as companies compete for potential customers. Our ability to respond will depend, among other things, on continued improvement in network quality and customer service and effective marketing of attractive products and services. These efforts will involve significant expenses and require strategic management decisions on, and timely implementation of, equipment choices, network deployment and management, and service offerings.

The cellular telecommunications industry may not continue to grow.

The majority of our total revenues are currently derived from the provision of cellular services to customers in the Philippines. As a result, we depend on the continued development and growth of this industry in the Philippines. The cellular penetration rate in the country, however, has already reached an estimated 114% as at December 31, 2014, and thus the industry may well be considered mature, although the existence of subscribers owning multiple SIM cards results in this penetration rate being inflated to a certain extent. Further growth of the market depends on many factors beyond our control, including the continued introduction of new and enhanced cellular devices, the price levels of cellular handsets, consumer tastes and preferences, and the amount of disposable income of existing and potential subscribers. Any economic, technological or other developments resulting in a reduction in demand for cellular services or otherwise causing the Philippine cellular telecommunications industry to stop growing or reducing the rate of its growth, could materially harm our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Our results of operations have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by competition in, and the introduction of new services which could put additional pressures on, the traditional international and national long distance services.

The international long distance business has historically been one of our major sources of revenue. However, due to competition, the reduction in international settlement rates that are paid to us by foreign telecommunications carriers for termination of international calls on our network, and the growing popularity of the so-called OTT service providers that offer social networking, instant messaging and VoIP services, revenues generated from our international long distance business have declined in recent years.

Revenues from international long distance services could further decline significantly in the future for a variety of reasons, such as:

•

increases in competition from other domestic and international telecommunications providers;

•

advances in technology;

•

the continued popularity of alternative providers offering OTT services such as social networking, instant messaging, and internet telephony (also known as VoIP services); or

•

other providers of broadband capacity.

The continued high cellular penetration rate in the Philippines and the prevalence of SMS have negatively impacted our national long distance business in recent years. Moreover, net settlement payments between PLDT and other foreign telecommunications carriers for origination and termination of international call traffic between the Philippines and other countries, which have been our predominant source of foreign currency revenues, have been declining in recent years. A continued decline in our foreign currency revenues could increase our exposure to risks from any possible future declines in the value of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will be able to adequately increase our other revenues to make up for any adverse impact of a further decline in our net settlement payments. We cannot assure you that we can generate new revenue streams to fully offset the declines in our traditional fixed line long distance businesses, thus, our revenues and profitability could be materially reduced and our growth and prospects could suffer.

Failure to comply with the foreign ownership restrictions under the Philippine Constitution could result in monetary penalties or the revocation of our telecommunications license

Although we currently believe we are in compliance with the foreign ownership restrictions under the Philippine Constitution, if the Philippine SEC or the other relevant authorities in the Philippines determine otherwise, we could be subject to penalties.

Exceeding the foreign ownership restrictions imposed under the Philippine Constitution may subject the Company to (1) sanctions set out in Section 14 of the Philippine Foreign Investments Act of 1991, as amended, comprising a fine not exceeding (a) the lower of (x) 0.5% of the total paid in capital of the Company and (y) Php5 million, in the case of a corpornte entity, (b) Php200,000, in the case of the president of the Company or other responsible officers, and (c) Php100,000, in the case of other natural persons, which we refer to collectively as the Monetary Sanctions, and/or (2) the Philippine government commencing a quo warranto case in the name of the Republic of the Philippines against the Company to revoke the Company’s franchise that permits the Company to engage in telecommunications activities.

While the law is still unsettled on this issue, we have been advised by our Philippine counsel that once a sufficient number of the Company’s shares are issued or transferred to or are otherwise acquired by qualified Philippine nationals so as to result in the Company’s foreign ownership percentage being in compliance with the foreign ownership restriction threshold, such a quo warranto case would not have merit, and if already initiated, would be subject to dismissal prior to the time that a judgment becomes final and executory. If an adverse decision becomes final and executory without the necessary transfer of shares having been made, the Company would have to secure a new franchise from the Philippine Congress (after the foreign ownership violation has been cured) if it still desires to engage in the telecommunications industry.

In the case of a violation of the foreign ownership restrictions, the Monetary Sanctions would continue to apply notwithstanding any curative issuance or transfer of shares to Philippine nationals.

Our business is significantly affected by governmental laws and regulations, including regulations in respect of our franchises, rates and taxes, and laws relating to anti-competitive practices and monopoly.

We operate our business under franchises, each of which is subject to amendment, termination or repeal by the Philippine Congress. Additionally, PLDT operates pursuant to various provisional authorities and CPCNs, which have been granted by the NTC and will expire between now and 2028. Some of PLDT’s CPCNs and provisional authorities have already expired. However, PLDT filed applications for extension of these CPCNs and provisional authorities prior to their respective expiration dates and is therefore entitled to continue to conduct its business under its existing CPCNs and provisional authorities pending the NTC’s decisions on these applications. Because PLDT filed the applications for extension on a timely basis, we expect that these applications will be granted. However, we cannot assure you that the NTC will grant these applications. Smart also operates its cellular, international long distance, national long distance and global mobile personal communications via satellite services as well as international private leased circuits pursuant to CPCNs, which will expire upon the expiration of its franchise. Smart’s franchise is due to expire on March 27, 2017, 25 years after the date on which it was granted. DMPI’s CPCN to operate and maintain a nationwide CMTS is for a period coterminous with the life of its existing franchise which is valid until December 11, 2027, 25 years after the date of its issuance.

The NTC also regulates the rates we are permitted to charge for services that have not yet been deregulated, such as local exchange services. We cannot assure you that the NTC will not impose additional obligations on us that could lead to the revocation of our licenses if not adhered to and/or to the reduction in our total revenues or profitability. In addition, the NTC could adopt changes to the regulations or implement additional guidelines governing our interconnection with other telecommunications companies or the rates and terms upon which we provide services to our customers. The occurrence of any of these changes could materially reduce our revenues and profitability.

The PLDT Group is also subject to a number of national and local taxes. We cannot assure you that the PLDT Group will not be subject to new, increased and/or additional taxes and that the PLDT Group would be able to impose or pass on additional charges or fees on its customers to compensate for the imposition of such taxes. HB No. 701 proposes to require all telecommunication companies to secure business permits and licenses from the local government where their respective cell sites are located. If this bill or any similar bills are enacted into law, such legislation could materially reduce our profitability and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure you that the PLDT Group will be able to impose additional charges or fees on its customers to compensate for the imposition of such taxes or charges, or for the loss of fees and/or charges.

Moreover, as one of the leading telecommunications service providers in the Philippines for fixed line, cellular and broadband services, we are subject to laws and regulations relating to anti-competitive practices and anti-monopoly. For example, Section 700 of NTC Memorandum Circular No. 8-9-95 requires us to seek the approval of the NTC with respect to rates of non-deregulated services in order to ensure that a healthy competitive environment is fostered within the industry. Also, Article II, Section 4 (g) of the Republic Act, or R.A., No. 7925 makes it the policy of the government to pursue a fair and reasonable interconnection of authorized public network operators and other providers of telecommunications services in order to achieve a viable, efficient, reliable and universal telecommunications services. The executive branch of the government has also exhibited strong interest in enforcing anti-competitive and anti-monopolistic measures with the signing by the President of the Philippines of Executive Order, or E.O., No. 45 on June 9, 2011. E.O. No. 45 designated the Department of Justice, or the DOJ, as the competition authority of the Philippines and established the Office for Competition under it to, among other things, investigate violations of competition laws and prosecute violators thereof. The DOJ’s Department Circular No. 11 implementing E.O. No. 45 took effect on March 1, 2013. While our business practices have not in the past been found to have violated any laws and regulations related to anti-competition and anti-monopoly, we cannot assure you that the relevant governmental regulators will not, in the future, find our business practices to have an anti-competitive effect on the Philippines telecommunications industry, nor can we assure you that we will not be found to have violated the relevant laws and regulations relating to anti-competition and anti-monopoly in the future. For example, prior to the acquisition of the Digitel Group, there were four major LECs (PLDT, Digitel, Innove Communications, Inc. and Bayan) and three cellular service providers (Smart, DMPI and Globe) in the Philippines. On October 26, 2011, we completed the acquisition of the Digitel Group, the operator of Sun Cellular, one of the two other major cellular service providers in the Philippines. As a result of the acquisition, the number of LECs and cellular service providers in the Philippines was reduced to three and two, respectively, leaving Globe as our sole major competitor in the cellular service market. In order to mitigate the apparent anti-competitive effect of the acquisition, we agreed, as part of the NTC’s decision to grant its consent for the acquisition, to divest ourselves of the frequency spectrum and associated licenses held by CURE, one of Smart’s subsidiaries. Any future expansion in our services, particularly in our cellular services, could subject us to additional conditions in the granting of our provisional authorities by the NTC and to increased regulatory scrutiny, which could harm our reputation and business, and which could have a material adverse effect on our growth and prospects. In addition, the occurrence of any such event could impose substantial costs or cause interruptions or considerable delays in the provision, development or expansion of our services. Delay or failure to receive any required franchises, licenses or regulatory approvals could result in the suspension of our services or abandonment of any planned expansions, thereby affecting our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

The NTC may implement proposed changes in existing regulations and introduce new regulations, which may result in increased competition and/or changes in rates, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.

The NTC may regulate the rates and manner in which we operate and charge our customers.

On July 23, 2009 the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 05-07-2009 mandating cellular operators, including Smart and DMPI, to bill subscribers on a maximum six-second per pulse basis instead of the previous per minute basis. The NTC granted Smart and DMPI the provisional authority to charge new rates for the CMTS service and also directed Smart and DMPI to implement a six-second per pulse billing scheme on December 5, 2009. The implementation of this billing scheme is now pending with the Philippine Supreme Court after Smart and DMPI filed their petitions for review of the decision of the Court of Appeals on March 15, 2012 and March 12, 2012, respectively.

On October 24, 2011, the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 02-10-2011 directing the reduction of interconnection charges for SMS between two separate networks from Php0.35 to Php0.15 per SMS. The NTC has interpreted this circular to require a reduction in SMS rates charged to end users. Therefore, it initiated administrative cases against the mobile operators for the latter’s failure to implement reduced SMS charges. On November 20, 2012, the NTC rendered a decision directing Smart to reduce the retail price of users sending regular SMS to users on other networks from Php1.00 to Php0.80 or less; refund or reimburse its subscribers for the excess Php0.20 per off-network SMS; pay a fine of Php200 per day from December 1, 2011 until the date of compliance with the decision; and submit documents, records and reports pertaining to SMS sent to other networks. Smart filed a motion for reconsideration which was subsequently denied by the NTC in its resolution dated May 7, 2014. Smart then filed a petition for review at the Court of Appeals of the Philippines, or the Court of Appeals. On October 17, 2014, the 6^th division of the Court of Appeals issued a resolution granting the temporary restraining order requested by Smart and directing the NTC not to enforce its decision and resolution. In a resolution promulgated on November 28, 2014, the Court of Appeals ordered the consolidation of Globe’s petition with Smarts’s and DMPI’s petitions. The application for preliminary injunction remains pending.

The NTC may call on carriers, other industry players and the public in general to attend public hearings with respect to certain proposed regulations affecting the industry in general or solicit comments from these groups with respect to consultative documents issued by the NTC on major industry issues, such as the August 2006 significant market power, or SMP, obligations, which were revived again during the pendency of PLDT’s acquisition of the Digitel Group in 2011. Under said consultative documents, for example, certain obligations are proposed to be imposed on carriers with SMP by using a roadmap which consists of the following critical processes: (1) defining markets to be used as basis for regulatory intervention; (2) determining if one or several operators in the defined markets have the degree of market power that merit regulatory intervention; (3) identifying appropriate SMP obligations to achieve policy objectives; and (4) determining conditions that justify withdrawal of regulation.

On July 15, 2011, the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 7-7-2011 which requires broadband service providers to specify the minimum broadband/internet connection speed and service reliability and the service rates in advertisements, flyers, brochures and service agreements and also sets the minimum service reliability of broadband service to 80%.

On December 19, 2011, the NTC issued a Decision in NTC ADM Case 2009-048 which lowered the interconnection charge between LEC and CMTS to Php2.50 per minute from Php4.00 per minute for LEC to CMTS and Php3.00 per minute from CMTS to LEC, PLDT and Smart individually filed on February 1, 2012 and January 20, 2012, respectively, separate motions for reconsideration arguing (among other things) that interconnection, including the rates thereof, should be, by law, a product of bilateral negotiations between the parties and that the decision to set lower rates was unconstitutional as an invalid exercise by the NTC of its quasi-legislative powers and violates the Philippine constitutional guarantee against impairment of contracts. The NTC denied the motion and PLDT and Smart appealed to the Court of Appeals, reiterating among other things, that the NTC erred in ruling that all LECs are automatically entitled to a cross-subsidy; that the NTC decision violates PLDT and Smart’s right to due process; and that the NTC decision violates the Philippine constitutional proscription against impairment of contracts. On December 12, 2014, the Court of Appeals granted Smart’s petition for review and set aside the NTC decision dated December 19, 2011.

A summary of the existing material regulations on our business is set forth in Item 1. “Description of Business – Material Effects of Regulation on our Business”. Due to the regulatory power of the NTC, as described above, we cannot assure you that the NTC will not impose changes to the current regulatory framework in the future, which could lead to increased competition or negatively affect the rates we can charge for our services. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and prospects.

The franchise of Smart and DMPI may be revoked due to their failure to conduct a public offering of their shares.

In order to diversify the ownership base of public utilities, the Public Telecommunications Policy Act of the Philippines, or R.A. 7925, requires a telecommunications entity with regulated types of services to make a public offering through the stock exchanges of its shares representing at least 30% of its aggregate common shares within five years from: (a) the date the law became effective; or (b) the entity’s commencement of commercial operations, whichever date is later. As of the latest practicable date, Smart and DMPI have yet to conduct a public offering of their shares. Consequently, the Philippine Congress may revoke the franchise of Smart and DMPI for their failure to comply with the requirement under R.A. 7925 to conduct a public offering of their common shares. A quo warranto case may also be filed against Smart and DMPI by the Office of the Solicitor General of the Philippines for the revocation of the respective franchises of Smart and DMPI on the ground of the violation of R.A. 7925.

Although the position taken by Smart and DMPI is that these provisions of R.A. 7925 are merely directory and that the policy underlying the requirement for telecommunication entities to conduct a public offering should be deemed to have been achieved when PLDT acquired a 100% equity interest in Smart in 2000 and Digitel in 2011, which is now majority-owned by PLDT, and which in turn owns a 99.6% equity interest in DMPI, since PLDT was then and continues to be a publicly listed company, there can be no assurance that the Philippine Congress will agree with such position. In September 2004, Senate Bill No. 1675 was filed seeking to declare that a telecommunications entity shall be deemed to have complied with the requirement of making a public offering of its shares if two-thirds of its outstanding voting stock are owned and controlled directly or indirectly, by a listed company. However, we cannot assure you that such bill will be enacted or that the Philippine Congress will not revoke the franchise of Smart and DMPI or the Office of Solicitor General of the Philippines will not initiate a quo warranto proceeding against Smart and DMPI for the revocation of their respective franchises for failure to comply with the provisions of R.A. 7925 relating to the public offering of shares, the occurrence of any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

If we fail to effect the divestment of CURE in accordance with the terms of, or in a manner contemplated under the NTC’s approval of our acquisition of the Digitel Group, the NTC may revoke its approval of any relevant franchises, licenses or permits held by Smart, any of which could significantly disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

As part of the NTC’s decision to grant its consent to our acquisition of the Digitel Group, we agreed to divest ourselves of the frequency spectrum and associated franchises, licenses and permits held by CURE. Under the terms of the order issued by the NTC on October 26, 2011, (i) CURE is obligated to sell its Red Mobile business to Smart; and (ii) Smart is obligated to sell all of its rights and interests in CURE whose remaining assets will consist of its congressional franchise, certain frequency spectrum and related permits.

In compliance with the commitments in the divestment plan, CURE completed the sale and transfer of its Red Mobile business to Smart on June 30, 2012 for a total consideration of Php18 million through a series of transactions, such that, except for assets necessary to pay off obligations due after June 30, 2012 and certain tax assets, CURE’s only remaining assets as at June 30, 2012 were its congressional franchise, 10 MHz of 3G frequency in the 2100 band and related permits.

In a letter dated September 10, 2012, Smart informed the NTC that the minimum Cost Recovery Amount, or CRA, to enable the PLDT Group to recover its investment in CURE, includes, among others, the total cost of equity investments in CURE, advances from Smart for operating requirements, advances from stockholders and associated funding costs. Smart also informed the NTC that the divestment will be undertaken through an auction sale of CURE’s shares of stock to the winning bidder and submitted CURE’s audited financial statements as at June 30, 2012 to the NTC. In a letter dated January 21, 2013, the NTC referred the computation of the CRA to the commissioners of the NTC. Smart sent a reply agreeing to the proposal and is awaiting advice from the NTC on the bidding and auction of the 3G license of CURE.

As at March 26, 2015, CURE is still waiting for NTC’s advice on how to proceed with the planned divestment.

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Divestment of CURE to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to effect the divestment of CURE within the time or in a manner contemplated under the order issued by the NTC. If we fail to effect the divestment of CURE in accordance with the terms of, or in a manner contemplated under, the NTC’s approval of our acquisition of the Digitel Group, the NTC may revoke its approval or any relevant franchises, licenses or permits held by Smart, any of which could significantly disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Rapid changes and advancements in telecommunications technology may adversely affect the economics of our existing businesses and the value of our assets, increase our required capital expenditures and create new competition.

The global telecommunications industry has been characterized by rapid technological changes and advancements, and the Philippine market is not an exception. We cannot assure you that these developments will not result in competition from providers of new telecommunications services or the need to make substantial capital expenditures to transform our existing network infrastructure. Furthermore, the NTC has issued to Smart and our competitors licenses covering 3G cellular services, in respect of which we have made significant investments. We are also continuing to upgrade our fixed-line network to a next generation, all-IP network, expand our wireless broadband network in order to enhance our capability to provide broadband services, and upgrade and modernize our wireless cellular network in order to achieve greater operating and cost-efficiencies. However, these projects require and will continue to require, significant capital expenditures over the next few years.

Changes in available technology could increase competition and our capital costs, and if we are not able to adapt to changes in technology and address changing consumer demand on a timely basis, we may experience a decline in the demand for our services, be unable to implement our business strategy and experience reduced profits.

The rapid development of new technologies, new services and products, and new business models has begun to eliminate the distinctions between traditional, local, long distance, wireless, cable and internet communication services and bring new competitors into the telecommunications market. As a result, we are subject to increasing competition from providers offering telecommunications services using alternative technologies. These new competitors, which include ISPs, mobile device manufacturers and mobile software and application developers, compete against us in both voice and data businesses by offering mobile internet access, alternative voice and messaging services, OTT products, and other mobile services and are gaining an increasing share of the telecommunications industry value chain.

Our future success will depend on our ability to anticipate and adapt to these changes and to offer services that meet the demands of our customers on a competitive and timely basis. However, we may be unable to obtain new technologies on a timely basis or on satisfactory terms or implement them in an appropriate or effective manner. Future development of new technologies, services or standards could require significant changes to our business model, negatively impact our existing businesses or necessitate new acquisitions or investments. In addition, there could be legal or regulatory restraints on our introduction of new services. New products and services may also be expensive to develop and may result in increased competition. Such strategic initiatives and technological developments could require us to incur significant additional capital expenditures. As a result, we cannot assure you that we would be able to adopt or successfully implement new technologies, nor can we assure you that future technological changes will not adversely affect our operations or the competitiveness of our services.

In addition to introducing new technologies and offerings, we must phase out outdated and unprofitable technologies and services. If we are unable to do so on a cost-effective basis, we could experience reduced profits. There could also be legal or regulatory restraints on our ability to phase out current services.

We may not be successful in our acquisitions of, and investments in, other companies and businesses, and may therefore be unable to fully implement our business strategy.

As growth slows or reverses in our traditional fixed line and cellular businesses, and as part of our strategy to grow other business segments, we make acquisitions and investments in companies or businesses to enter new businesses or defend our existing markets. Since 2010, we have made a number of significant acquisitions and investments in businesses within and ancillary to the telecommunications sector, including an investment in shares of Meralco through PCEV in 2010, the acquisition of the Digitel Group in 2011, an investment in PDRs of MediaQuest (the ultimate parent company of Cignal TV, a direct-to-home pay-TV business) in 2012, and other smaller investments in various businesses. Most recently, we completed a €333 million, or Php19,577 million, investment in Rocket and entered into a joint venture agreement with Rocket to form MePay Global (see See Item 4. “Information on the Company – Development Activities (2012-2014)” for further information on our investment in Rocket and MePay Global). The success of our acquisitions and investments depends on a number of factors, such as:

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our ability to identify suitable opportunities for investment or acquisition;

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our ability to reach an acquisition or investment agreement on terms that are satisfactory to us or at all;

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the extent to which we are able to exercise control over the acquired company;

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the economic, business or other strategic objectives and goals of the acquired company compared to those of the PLDT Group, as well as the ability to execute the identified strategies in order to generate fair returns on the investment; and

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our ability to successfully integrate the acquired company or business with our existing businesses.

Any of our contemplated acquisitions and investments may not be consummated due to reasons or factors beyond our control. Even if any contemplated acquisitions and investments are consummated, we may not be able to realize any or all of the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions and investments and we cannot assure you that the consummation of such acquisitions and investments will not result in losses for us for a prolonged period of time. Moreover, if we are unsuccessful in our contemplated acquisitions and investments, we may not be able to fully implement our business strategy to maintain or grow certain of our businesses and our results of operations and financial position could be materially and adversely affected.

If we are unable to install and maintain telecommunications facilities and equipment in a timely manner, we may not be able to maintain our current market share and the quality of our services, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our business requires the regular installation of new, and the maintenance of existing, telecommunications transmission and other facilities and equipment, which are being undertaken. The installation and maintenance of these facilities and equipment are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, such as:

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shortages of equipment, materials and labor;

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work stoppages and labor disputes;

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interruptions resulting from inclement weather and other natural disasters;

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unforeseen engineering, environmental and geological problems; and

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unanticipated cost increases.

Any of these factors could give rise to delays or cost overruns in the installation of new facilities or equipment or could prevent us from properly maintaining the equipment used in our networks, and hence could affect our ability to maintain existing services and roll-out new services, for example, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our businesses depend on the reliability of our network infrastructure which is subject to physical, technological and other risks.

We depend, to a significant degree, on an uninterrupted operation of our network to provide our services. We also depend on robust information technology systems to enable us to conduct our operations. The development and operation of telecommunications networks are subject to physical, technological and other risks, which may cause interruptions in service or reduced capacity for customers. These risks include but are not limited to:

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physical damage;

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power loss;

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capacity limitation;

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cable theft;

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software defects; and

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breaches of security by computer viruses, break-ins or otherwise.

The occurrence of any of the above events could have a material adverse effect on our ability to provide services to customers. While we are undertaking initiatives to prevent and/or mitigate the occurrence of these events, including the preparation of a disaster recovery plan that aims to allow restoration of service at the earliest possible time from occurrence of an incident, there can be no assurance that these events will not occur or that our initiatives will be effective should such events occur.

We are exposed to cyber security risks, which may include the gaining of unauthorized access to our networks by third parties; corruption of our data; and theft of intellectual property, stakeholder information or other sensitive data, the occurrence of any of which could significantly disrupt our business and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and stakeholder confidence.

Over the years, our continued dependence on the latest digital technologies in conducting our operations exposes our business to risks associated with cyber incidents. These cyber incidents may range from unintentional events to deliberate attacks. These may be carried out by parties with the intention to bring about something as simple as plain disruption of our operations to something as destructive as breaching our network security and acquiring personal information on our subscribers. To date, we have not been subject to cyber attacks or other cyber incidents which, individually or in the aggregate, have had a material impact on our operations or financial condition. However, some network attacks can cause our telecommunications services or internal systems to be unavailable. Others, such as spam, could disrupt our business communication. Some network attacks, such as brute force attacks, could even cause the disclosure of confidential information.

In order to minimize our exposure to cyber security risks, we have deployed a multi-layered defense mechanism from the network to the host and up to the application level, so that if one defensive measure fails, there are other defensive measures which will continue to provide protection. However, we cannot assure you that any of such defenses will be effective against or neutralize the effects of any cyber incidents resulting from unintentional cyber security breaches or deliberate attacks on our network infrastructure or computer systems, nor can we assure you that our business will not be significantly disrupted in the event of such security breach or attack. If we fail to timely and effectively prevent the occurrence of any such cyber security incidents, or fail to promptly rectify any such incidents, our business could be significantly disrupted, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, and the confidence of our stakeholders could be lost.

Our businesses require substantial capital investment, which we may not be able to finance.

Our projects under development and the continued maintenance and improvement of our networks and services, including Smart’s projects, networks, platforms and services, require substantial ongoing capital investment. Our consolidated capital expenditures totaled Php34,759 million, Php28,838 million and Php36,396 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. We currently estimate that our consolidated capital expenditures in 2015 will be approximately Php39 billion, of which approximately Php26 billion is estimated to be spent by our wireless segment and approximately Php13 billion is estimated to be spent by our fixed line segment. Our wireless segment’s capital spending is currently anticipated to focus on building out coverage, leveraging the capabilities of its newly modernized network and expanding 3G, fourth generation, or 4G, LTE including its backhaul and wireless broadband networks in order to enhance data transmission capabilities. We also contemplate enhancing network and platforms infrastructure and systems to support solutions deployment, campaign analytics and service delivery to enable customized and targeted services, as well as to further expand mainstream services and integration with the PLDT Group core and transmission network to increase penetration, mainly in provincial areas to achieve greater business benefits from a closely synergized environment. Our fixed line segment’s capital spending is currently intended principally to continue the build-out and upgrade of broadband data and IP infrastructures, fixed line data services, expanding transmission network, increasing international bandwidth capacity, and network maintenance.

Future strategic initiatives could require us to incur significant additional capital expenditures. We may be required to finance a portion of our future capital expenditures from external financing sources, some of which have not yet been fully arranged. There can be no assurance that financing for new projects will be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we cannot complete our development programs or other capital projects on time due to our failure to obtain the required financing, our growth, results of operations, financial condition and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

Our debt instruments contain restrictive covenants which require us to maintain certain financial tests and our indebtedness could impair our ability to fulfill our financial obligations and service our other debt.

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, our consolidated long-term debt amounted to Php130,123 million and Php104,090 million, respectively, and accounted for 0.97x and 0.76x debt to equity ratio, respectively, calculated as long-term debt on a consolidated basis divided by total equity attributable to equity holders of PLDT. Our existing debt instruments contain covenants which, among other things, require PLDT to maintain certain financial ratios and other financial tests, calculated on the basis of PFRS at relevant measurement dates, principally at the end of each quarter period. For a description of some of these covenants, see Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Our indebtedness and the requirements and limitations imposed by our debt covenants could have important consequences. For example, we may be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to payments on our indebtedness, which could reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate requirements.

The principal factors that could negatively affect our ability to comply with the financial ratio covenants and other financial tests under our debt instruments are depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar, poor operating performance of PLDT and our consolidated subsidiaries, impairment or similar charges in respect of investments or other long-lived assets that may be recognized by PLDT and its consolidated subsidiaries, and increases in our interest expenses. Of our total consolidated debts, 47% and 57% were denominated in foreign currencies as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, principally in U.S. dollars, many of these financial ratios and other tests are expected to be negatively affected by any weakening of the Philippine peso.

We have maintained compliance with all of our financial ratios and covenants, as measured under PFRS, under our loan agreements and other debt instruments. However, if negative factors adversely affect our financial ratios, we may be unable to maintain compliance with these ratios and covenants. Inability to comply with the financial ratios and covenants could result in a declaration of default and acceleration of maturities of some or all of our indebtedness.

If we are unable to meet our debt service obligations or comply with our debt covenants, we could be forced to restructure or refinance our indebtedness, seek additional equity capital or sell assets. An inability to effect these measures successfully could result in a declaration of default and an acceleration of maturities of some or all of our indebtedness, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our results of operations and our financial position could be materially and adversely affected if the Philippine peso significantly fluctuates against the U.S. dollar.

A substantial portion of our indebtedness, related interest expenses, our capital expenditures and a portion of our expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars and other foreign currencies, whereas most of our revenues are denominated in Philippine pesos. As at December 31, 2014, 47% of our total consolidated indebtedness was foreign currency-denominated, of which approximately 40% of our total consolidated indebtedness was unhedged. As at December 31, 2013, approximately 57% of our total consolidated indebtedness was foreign currency-denominated, of which approximately 48% of our total consolidated indebtedness was unhedged.

A depreciation of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar would increase the amount of our U.S. dollar-denominated debt obligations and operating and interest expenses in Philippine peso terms. In the event that the Philippine peso depreciates against the U.S. dollar, we may be unable to generate enough funds through operations and other means to offset the resulting increase in our obligations in Philippine peso terms. Moreover, a depreciation of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar may result in our recognition of significant foreign exchange losses, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations. A depreciation of the Philippine peso could also cause us not to be in compliance with the financial covenants imposed on us by our lenders under certain loan agreements and other indebtedness. Further, fluctuations in the Philippine peso value and of interest rates impact the mark-to-market gains/losses of certain of our financial debt instruments, which were designated as non-hedged items.

Approximately, 20% of our consolidated service revenues were denominated in U.S. dollars and/or were linked to the U.S. dollar for the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared with approximately 21% in each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. Approximately 10% of our consolidated expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars and/or linked to the U.S. dollar for the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared with approximately 11% and 12% for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In this respect, the depreciation of the weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar increased our revenues and expenses, and consequently, affects our cash flow from operations in Philippine peso terms.

The Philippine peso has been subject to significant fluctuations in recent years. From 2009 to 2012, the Philippine peso appreciated from Php47.26 as at January 5, 2009 to Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 and a high of Php40.86 on December 5, 2012, only to depreciate by approximately 8% to Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013 and further depreciated by 1% to Php44.74 as at December 31, 2014. We cannot assure you that the Philippine peso will not depreciate further and be subject to significant fluctuations going forward, due to a range of factors, including:

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political and economic developments affecting the Philippines, including the level of remittances from overseas Filipino workers;

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global economic and financial trends;

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the volatility of regional currencies, particularly the Japanese yen and Euro;

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any interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States; and

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changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to Philippine peso, resulting from events such as higher demand for U.S. dollars by both banks and domestic businesses to service their maturing U.S. dollar obligations or foreign exchange traders including banks covering their short U.S. dollar positions, among others.

Our subsidiaries could be limited in their ability to pay dividends to us due to internal cash requirements and their creditors having superior claims over their assets and cash flows, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition.

A majority of our total revenues and cash flow from operations is derived from our subsidiaries, particularly Smart. Smart has significant internal cash requirements for debt service, capital expenditures and operating expenses and as a result, may be financially unable to pay any dividends to PLDT. Although Smart has been making dividend payments to PLDT regularly since December 2002, there can be no assurance that PLDT will continue to receive these dividends or other distributions, or otherwise be able to derive liquidity from Smart or any other subsidiary or investee in the future.

Creditors of our subsidiaries generally have priority claims over our subsidiaries’ assets and cash flows. We and our creditors will effectively be subordinated to the existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries, except that we may be recognized as a creditor with respect to loans we have made to subsidiaries. If we are recognized as a creditor of a subsidiary, our claim will still be subordinated to any indebtedness secured by assets of the subsidiary and any indebtedness of the subsidiary otherwise deemed superior to the indebtedness we hold.

We may have difficulty meeting our debt payment obligations if we do not continue to receive cash dividends from our subsidiaries and our financial condition could be materially and adversely affected as a result.

A significant number of shares of PLDT’s voting stocks (common and voting preferred stocks) are held by four shareholders, which may not act in the interests of other shareholders or stakeholders in PLDT.

The First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates had beneficial ownership of approximately 26% in PLDT’s outstanding common stock (representing 15.1% of our overall voting stock) as at January 31, 2015, taking into account shares purchased from JGSHI pursuant to an option agreement in connection with the Digitel acquisition. This is the largest block of PLDT’s common stock that is directly or indirectly under common ownership.

Pursuant to publicly available filings made with the PSE, as at January 31, 2015, NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO together beneficially owned approximately 20% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock (representing 12% of our overall voting stock), taking into account shares purchased from JGSHI pursuant to an option agreement in connection with the Digitel acquisition.

On October 26, 2011, PLDT completed the acquisition of a controlling interest in Digitel from JGSHI, and certain other seller-parties. As payment for the assets acquired from JGSHI, PLDT issued approximately 27.7 million common shares. In November 2011, JGSHI sold 5.81 million and 4.56 million PLDT shares to a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and NTT DOCOMO, respectively, pursuant to separate option agreements that JGSHI had entered into with a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and NTT DOCOMO, respectively. As at January 31, 2015, the JG Summit Group owned approximately 8% of PLDT’s outstanding common shares (representing 4.7% of our overall voting stock).

The FP Parties, NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO and PLDT entered into a Cooperation Agreement, dated January 31, 2006, pursuant to which, among other things, certain rights of NTT Communications under the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement dated September 28, 1999, or the Strategic Agreement, and the Shareholders Agreement dated March 24, 2000, or the Shareholders Agreement, were extended to NTT DOCOMO. See Item 7. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions” for further details regarding the shareholdings of NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO in PLDT, and the rights granted pursuant to the Cooperation Agreement, Strategic Agreement and the Shareholders Agreement:

Additionally, PLDT’s shares of voting preferred stock which represents approximately 41% of total outstanding shares of voting stocks are owned by a single stockholder, BTFHI.

As a result of their respective stockholdings, the FP Parties and/or NTT Communications and/or NTT DOCOMO and/or BTFHI are able to influence our actions and corporate governance, including:

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elections of PLDT’s directors; and

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approval of major corporate actions, which require the vote of holders of common and voting preferred stocks.

The FP Parties and/or NTT Communications and/or NTT DOCOMO and/or BTFHI may exercise their respective voting rights over these decisions and transactions in a manner that could be contrary to the interests of other shareholders or stakeholders in PLDT.

Failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 could adversely impact investor confidence and the market price of our common shares and ADSs, and have a material adverse effect on our business, our reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

Effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary for us to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports and to effectively prevent fraud. If we are unable to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports and effectively prevent fraud, our reputation and results of operations could be harmed.

We are required to comply with various Philippine and U.S. laws and regulations on internal control. For example, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, beginning with the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the calendar year ended December 31, 2006, we have been required to include a report on our internal control over financial reporting in our Annual Reports on Form 20-F that contains an assessment by our management on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, an independent registered public accounting firm must express an opinion on our internal control over financial reporting based on its audits.

However, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements because of its inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of controls, or fraud. Therefore, even effective internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, including our failure to implement required new or improved controls, or if we experience difficulties in their implementation, our business and operating results could be harmed, we could fail to meet our reporting obligations and there could be a material adverse effect on our business, our reputation, financial condition and results of operations, and the market prices of our common shares and ADSs could decline significantly.

We are unionized and are vulnerable to work stoppages, slowdowns or increased labour costs.

As at December 31, 2014, PLDT has three employee unions, representing in the aggregate 5,877, or 34%, of the employees of the PLDT Group. This unionized workforce could result in demands that may increase our operating expenses and adversely affect our profitability. Each of our different employee groups may require separate collective bargaining agreements. If any group of our employees and PLDT are unable to reach agreement on the terms of their collective bargaining agreement or we were to experience widespread employee dissatisfaction, we could be subject to work slowdowns or stoppages. Any of these events would be disruptive to our operations and could harm our business.

Adverse results of any pending or future litigation and/or disputes may impact PLDT’s cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

PLDT is involved in legal proceedings with various parties regarding the Philipine SEC Guidelines, which was issued in response to the decision in the Gamboa Case. On June 10, 2013, Jose M. Roy III filed a petition with the Supreme Court against the Chairperson of the Philippine SEC, Teresita Herbosa, the Philippine SEC and PLDT. The petition questions the constitutionality of the Philippine SEC Guidelines in determining the nationality of a Philippine company pursuant to the decision in the Gamboa Case and Section 11, Article XII of the Constitution. PLDT filed its challenge to the petition on September 5, 2013. On February 10, 2015 PLDT filed a consolidated memorandum setting forth its arguments against the petition. The resolution of the Jose M. Roy III Petition remains pending with the Supreme Court and is currently expected to occur before the end of 2015.

In January 2012, Smart and DMPI filed answers to a December 2011 show cause order by the NTC which required an explanation of why SMS retail rates were not lowered after the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 02-10-2011, which mandates that interconnection charge for SMS between two separate networks shall not be higher than Php0.15 per SMS. The outcome of the proceedings remains pending.

We are currently involved in various legal proceedings and tax assessments. Our estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims have been developed in consultation with our counsel handling the defense in these matters and is based upon our analysis of potential results. Our future financial performance could be materially affected by changes in our estimates or effectiveness of our strategies relating to these proceedings and assessments.

For more information on PLDT’s legal proceedings, see Item 8. “Financial Information – Legal Proceedings.” While PLDT believes the positions it has taken in these cases are legally valid but the final results of these cases may prove to be different from its expectations. In addition, there is no assurance that PLDT will not be involved in future litigation or other disputes, the results of which may materially and adversely impact its business and financial conditions.

Risks Relating to the Philippines

PLDT’s business may be adversely affected by political or social or economic instability in the Philippines.

The Philippines is subject to political, social and economic volatility that, directly or indirectly, could have a material adverse impact on our ability to sustain our business and growth.

In 2013, a major Philippine newspaper exposed a scam relating to the diversion and misuse of the Priority Development Assistance Fund, or PDAF, by some members of Congress through a pseudo-development organization headed by Janet Lim Napoles. As a result of this exposé, a number of investigations, including one in the Senate of the Philippines, have been launched to determine the extent of the diversion of the PDAF and the government officials and the private individuals responsible for the misappropriation of public funds. Cases of plunder and malversation of public funds are now pending against Janet Lim Napoles, three senators, a few members of the House of Representatives, and other private individuals.

We cannot assure you that the political environment in the Philippines will be stable or that the current or any future government will adopt economic policies that are conducive to sustained economic growth or which do not impact adversely on the current regulatory environment for the telecommunications and other companies.

If foreign exchange controls were to be imposed, our ability to meet our foreign currency payment obligations could be adversely affected.

The Philippine government has, in the past, instituted restrictions on the conversion of the Philippine peso into foreign currencies and the use of foreign exchange received by Philippine companies to pay foreign currency-denominated obligations. The Monetary Board of the BSP has statutory authority, with the approval of the President of the Philippines, during a foreign exchange crisis or in times of national emergency, to:

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suspend temporarily or restrict sales of foreign exchange;

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require licensing of foreign exchange transactions; or

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require the delivery of foreign exchange to the BSP or its designee banks.

We cannot assure you that foreign exchange controls will not be imposed in the future. If imposed, these restrictions could materially and adversely affect our ability to obtain foreign currency to service our foreign currency obligations.

The occurrence of natural catastrophes could materially disrupt our operations.

The Philippines has experienced a number of major natural catastrophes over the years, including floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and typhoons, a recent example of which was Typhoon Yolanda (international name “Haiyan”) in November 2013. Typhoon Yolanda was the world’s strongest typhoon to date and caused massive destruction in the Visayan provinces. In 2014, a number of strong typhoons damaged many parts of the country, primarily the central Philippines and significant areas in Luzon. The frequency and severity of natural catastrophes and the challenges that arise from them may be further exacerbated as a result of global climate change. We cannot assure you that we are fully capable of addressing the impact of these occurrences or that the insurance coverage we maintain will fully compensate us for all the damages and economic losses resulting from these catastrophes, in which our business operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Continued terrorist activities in the Philippines could destabilize the country, adversely affecting our business environment.

Certain islands in the Philippines have been subject to a number of terrorist attacks and violent crimes in recent years. An increase in the number of terrorist attacks or violent crimes, or the occurrence of a large-scale terrorist attack, in the Philippines could negatively affect the Philippine economy and, therefore, our business, financial position and financial performance. In January of 2015, 44 members of the Philippines’ elite special action force, known as the SAF 44, were killed in combat while pursuing terrorists residing in the southern part of the country. This happened at a time when the Philippine government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, or the MILF, were rumored to be close to reaching agreement on the terms of the Bangsamoro Basic Law, the would-be governing law of the Bangsamoro political entity. While the MILF denied these attacks on the SAF 44, the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (a MILF breakaway group) is rumored to be responsible for them.

Additionally, the Philippine army has been in conflict with the Abu Sayyaf organization, which has ties to the al-Qaeda terrorist network and has been identified as being responsible for kidnapping and terrorist activities in the Philippines. There has also been a series of bombings in the Philippines, mainly in southern cities. Although no one has claimed responsibility for these attacks, Philippine military officials have stated that the attacks appeared to be the work of the Abu Sayyaf organization. There have also been a number of other violent crimes in the Philippines, including an additional series of bombings in the cities of Cagayan de Oro and Cotabato City, and in other areas in Maguindanao and North Cotabato provinces, all located in Mindanao.

There can be no assurance that the Philippines will not be subject to further, or an increased number of, acts of terrorism or violent crimes in the future. Terrorist attacks and violent crimes have had a material adverse effect on investment and confidence in, and the performance of, the Philippine economy in the past and in turn, our business, financial position and financial performance. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that the Philippines will not suffer a large-scale terrorist attack which could impact the Philippine economy for a significant period of time.

Territorial disputes with China and a number of Southeast Asian countries may disrupt the Philippine economy and business environment.

The Philippines, China and several Southeast Asian nations have been engaged in a series of long-standing territorial disputes over certain islands in the West Philippine Sea, also known as the South China Sea. The Philippines maintains that its claim over the disputed territories is supported by recognized principles of international law consistent with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (“UNCLOS”). The Philippines made several efforts during the course of 2011 and 2012 to establish a framework for resolving these disputes, calling for multilateral talks to delineate territorial rights and establish a framework for resolving disputes.

Despite efforts to reach a compromise, a dispute arose between the Philippines and China over a group of small islands and reefs known as the Scarborough Shoal. In April and May 2012, the Philippines and China accused each other of deploying vessels to the shoal in an attempt to take control of the area, and both sides unilaterally imposed fishing bans at the shoal during later that year. These actions threatened to disrupt trade and other ties between the two countries, including a temporary ban by China on Philippine banana imports, as well as a temporary suspension of tours to the Philippines by Chinese travel agencies. Since July 2012, Chinese vessels have reportedly turned away Philippine fishing boats attempting to enter the shoal, and the Philippines has continued to protest China’s presence there. In January 2013, the Philippines instituted arbitration proceedings under UNCLOS and sent notice to the Chinese embassy in Manila. China has rejected and returned the notice sent by the Philippines to initiate arbitral proceedings. In May 2013, the Philippine Coast Guard shot and killed a Taiwanese fisherman in an area of the South China Sea claimed as an exclusive economic zone by both countries.

In September 2013, the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, Netherlands issued rules of procedure and initial timetable for the arbitration in which it will act as a registry of the proceedings. In January 2014, China imposed a “fishing permit” rule in the South China Sea, which has resulted in Philippine ships being expelled from the Ayungin Shoal in the Spratly group of islands by the Chinese Coast Guard. The Philippines has since filed a case against China with the International Court of Justice as a result of these actions.

In May 2014, Vietnamese ships collided with Chinese vessels in an area that both nations lay claim to, and where China is said to be setting up an oil rig. Also in May 2014, a Vietnamese fishing boat sank near the oil rig, and Vietnam released video footage showing a Chinese vessel gunning down the Vietnamese fishing boat. This incident has caused serious concerns for other Asian countries.

Should these territorial disputes continue or escalate further, the Philippines and its economy may be disrupted and our operations could be adversely affected as a result. In particular, further disputes between the Philippines and China may lead both countries to impose trade restrictions on the other’s imports. Any such impact from these disputes could adversely affect the Philippine economy, and materially and adversely affect our business, financial position and financial performance.

As a foreign private issuer, we follow certain home country corporate governance practices which may afford less protection to holders of our ADSs.

As a foreign private issuer incorporated in the Philippines and listed on the PSE, we are permitted under applicable NYSE rules to follow certain home country corporate governance practices. The corporate governance practice and requirements in the Philippines do not require us to have a majority of the members of our board of directors to be independent, and do not require us to hold regular executive sessions where only independent directors are present. Further, the criteria for independence of directors and audit committee members applicable in the Philippines differ from those applicable under the NYSE rules. These Philippine home country corporate governance practices may afford less protection to holders of our ADSs.

The credit ratings of the Philippines may restrict the access to capital of Philippine companies, including PLDT.

Historically, the Philippines’ sovereign debt has been rated non-investment grade by international credit rating agencies. Although during 2014, the Philippines’ long-term foreign currency-denominated debt was affirmed by Fitch as investment-grade with a rating of BBB, and Standard and Poor’s and Moody’s upgraded the Philippines’ long-term foreign currency-denominated debt to the investment-grade rating of BBB+ and Baa2, respectively, the continued relatively low sovereign ratings of the Philippine Government will directly and adversely affect companies domiciled in the Philippines as international credit rating agencies issue credit ratings by reference to that of the sovereign. No assurance can be given that Fitch, Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or any other international credit rating agency will not downgrade the credit ratings of the Philippine Government in the future and, therefore, Philippine companies, including PLDT. Any such downgrade could have an adverse impact on the liquidity in the Philippine financial markets, the ability of the Philippine Government and Philippine companies, including PLDT, to raise additional financing, and the interest rates and other commercial terms at which such additional financing is available.

Risks Relating to Our Securities

PLDT is required to comply with foreign ownership restriction under the Philippine Constitution. At present, PLDT believes it has complied with such restrictions; however, there can be no assurance that further interpretations of the Philippine Constitution will not require PLDT to take further actions to be compliant with such foreign ownership restrictions.

Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Philippine Constitution provides that no franchise, certificate, or any other form of authorization for the operation of a public utility shall be granted except to citizens of the Philippines or to corporations or associations organized under the laws of the Philippines, at least 60% of whose capital is owned by such citizens. On June 28, 2011, the Philippine Supreme Court promulgated a decision in the case of Wilson P. Gamboa vs. Finance Secretary Margarito B. Teves, et. al. (G.R. No. 176579) (the “Gamboa Case”), where it ruled that the term “capital” in Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution refers only to shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors and thus only to voting common shares, and not to the total outstanding capital stock (common and non-voting preferred shares).

On October 16, 2012, BTFHI subscribed for 150 million newly issued shares of Voting Preferred Stock of PLDT. As a result of the issuance of the shares of Voting Preferred Stock, PLDT’s foreign ownership decreased from 58.4% of outstanding common stock as at October 15, 2012 to 34.5% of outstanding voting stocks (common stock and Voting Preferred Stock) as at October 16, 2012.

On May 30, 2013, the Philippine SEC issued SEC Memorandum Circular No. 8, or the Philippine SEC Guidelines, which we believe was intended to fulfill the Philippine Supreme Court’s directive to the Philippine SEC in the Gamboa Case. The Philippine SEC Guidelines provide that “All covered corporations shall, at all times, observe the constitutional or statutory ownership requirement. For purposes of compliance therewith, the required percentage of Filipino ownership shall be applied to both: (a) the total number of outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors; and (b) the total number of outstanding shares of stock, whether or not entitled to vote in the election of directors.” PLDT believes it was, and continues to be, compliant with the Philippine SEC Guidelines. As at end of December 31, 2014, PLDT’s foreign ownership was 32.13% of its outstanding shares entitled to vote (Common and Voting Preferred Shares), and 17.66% of its total outstanding capital stock. Therefore, we believe that as of the date of this report, PLDT is in compliance with the requirement of Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution. See Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies – Matters Relating to the Gamboa Case and the recent Jose M. Roy III Petition to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

However, we cannot assure you that the Philippine SEC or the other relevant authorities in the Philippines will view shares of Voting Preferred Stock issued to BTFHI as shares of stock owned by Filipinos entitled to vote in the election of directors for the purpose of determining whether PLDT is in compliance with the 60% to 40% Filipino-alien equity requirement as provided under the Philippine Constitution. As a result, PLDT may be subject to certain sanctions imposed by the Philippine SEC, which may have a material and adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial position and prospects.

Item 4.

Information on the Company

Overview

We are the leading telecommunications service provider in the Philippines. Through our three principal business segments (Wireless, Fixed Line and Others), we offer the largest and most diversified range of telecommunications services across the Philippines’ most extensive fiber optic backbone and wireless, fixed line and satellite networks.

We are the leading fixed line service provider in the Philippines accounting for approximately 70% of the total reported fixed line subscribers nationwide as at December 31, 2014. Smart is the leading cellular service provider in the country, and together with the other PLDT Group cellular service provider, DMPI, account for approximately 61% of total reported cellular subscribers nationwide as at December 31, 2014. We have interests in the BPO sector, including the operation of our customer relationship management and knowledge processing solutions business. In December 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO business and our BPO segment was classified as a discontinued operation. The sale was completed in April 2013 and US$40 million was reinvested in the BPO business. See Item 4. “Information on the Company – Sale of BPO Segment” for further discussion.

Our common shares are listed and traded on the PSE and our ADSs are listed and traded on the NYSE in the United States.

We had a market capitalization of approximately Php627,858 million, or US$14,033 million, as at December 31, 2014, representing one of the largest market capitalizations among Philippine-listed companies. We had total revenues, including revenues from discontinued operations, of Php170,962 million, or US$3,821 million, and net income attributable to equity holders of PLDT of Php34,091 million, or US$762, million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

We operate under the jurisdiction of the NTC, which jurisdiction extends, among other things, to approving major services that we offer and rates that we can charge.

Historical Background and Development

PLDT was incorporated under the old Corporation Law of the Philippines (Act 1459, as amended) on November 28, 1928 as Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company, following the merger of four telephone companies under common U.S. ownership. Under its Amended Articles of Incorporation, PLDT’s corporate term is currently limited through 2028. In 1967, effective control of PLDT was sold by the General Telephone and Electronics Corporation, then a major shareholder since PLDT’s incorporation, to a group of Filipino businessmen. In 1981, in furtherance of the then existing policy of the Philippine government to integrate the Philippine telecommunications industry, PLDT purchased substantially all of the assets and liabilities of the Republic Telephone Company, which at that time was the second largest telephone company in the Philippines. In 1998, the First Pacific Group acquired a significant interest in PLDT. On March 24, 2000, NTT Communications, through its wholly-owned subsidiary NTTC-UK, became PLDT’s strategic partner with approximately 15% economic and voting interest in the issued and outstanding common stock of PLDT at that time. Simultaneous with NTT Communications’ investment in PLDT, the latter acquired 100% of Smart. On March 14, 2006, NTT DOCOMO acquired from NTT Communications approximately 7% of PLDT’s then outstanding common shares held by NTT Communications with NTT Communications retaining ownership of approximately 7% of PLDT’s common shares. Since March 14, 2006, NTT DOCOMO has made additional purchases of shares of PLDT, and together with NTT Communications beneficially owned approximately 20% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at December 31, 2014. NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO are subsidiaries of NTT Holding Company. On February 28, 2007, Metro Pacific Asset Holdings, Inc., a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific, completed the acquisition of an approximately 46% interest in PTIC, a shareholder of PLDT. This investment in PTIC represented an attributable interest of approximately 6% of the then outstanding common shares of PLDT and thereby raised the First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates’ beneficial ownership to approximately 28% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at that date. Since then, First Pacific’s beneficial ownership interest in PLDT decreased by approximately 2%, mainly due to the holders of Exchangeable Notes, which were issued in 2005 by a subsidiary of First Pacific and exchangeable into PLDT shares owned by First Pacific Group, who fully exchanged their notes. First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates had beneficial ownership of approximately 26% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at December 31, 2014. See Item 7. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions” for further discussion.

PLDT’s original franchise was granted in 1928 and was last amended in 1991, extending its effectiveness until 2028 and broadening PLDT’s franchise to permit PLDT to provide virtually every type of telecommunications service. PLDT’s franchise covers the business of providing basic and enhanced telecommunications services in and between the provinces, cities and municipalities in the Philippines and between the Philippines and other countries and territories including mobile, cellular, wired or wireless telecommunications systems; fiber optics; multi-channel transmission distribution systems and their VAS (including but not limited to transmission of voice, data, facsimile, control signals, audio and video); information services bureau and all other telecommunications systems technologies presently available or that can be made available through technical advances or innovations in the future. Our subsidiaries, including Smart and DMPI, also maintain their own franchises with a different range of services and periods of legal effectiveness for their licenses.

On October 26, 2011, PLDT completed the acquisition of a controlling interest in Digitel from JGSHI and certain other seller-parties. As payment for the assets acquired from JGSHI, PLDT issued approximately 27.7 million common shares. In November 2011, JGSHI sold 5.81 million and 4.56 million PLDT shares to a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and NTT DOCOMO, respectively, pursuant to separate option agreements that JGSHI had entered into with a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and NTT DOCOMO, respectively. According to public filings, as at January 31, 2015, the JG Summit Group, First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates and NTT Group (NTT DOCOMO, together with NTT Communications) beneficially owned approximately 8%, 26% and 20% of PLDT’s outstanding common shares, respectively.

On October 16, 2012, BTFHI subscribed for 150 million newly issued shares of Voting Preferred Stock of PLDT, or Voting Preferred Shares, at a subscription price of Php1.00 per share for a total subscription price of Php150 million pursuant to a subscription agreement dated October 15, 2012 between BTFHI and PLDT. As a result of the issuance of Voting Preferred Shares, the voting power of the NTT Group (NTT DOCOMO and NTT Communications), First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates, and JG Summit Group was reduced to 12%, 15% and 5%, respectively, as at December 31, 2014.

Our principal executive offices are located at the Ramon Cojuangco Building, Makati Avenue, Makati City, Philippines and our telephone number is +(632) 816-8534. Our website address is www.pldt.com. The contents of our website are not a part of this annual report.

Recent Developments

Investment in MePay Global

On January 6, 2015, PLDT, through Smart, entered into a joint venture agreement with Rocket, pursuant to which the two parties agreed to form MePay Global, of which each partner will hold a 50% equity interest. MePay Global is a joint venture for payment services with a focus on emerging markets. Smart will contribute the intellectual property, platforms and business operations of its market-leading mobile-first platform, SMI, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart, to the venture. Rocket will contribute, among other things, its participations in Paymill Holding GmbH and Payleven Holding GmbH, two of the leading payment platforms for high growth, small-and-medium sized e-commerce businesses across Europe. Subject to the approval of the relevant authorities, this transaction is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2015. A copy of the joint venture agreement is furnished under Item 19. “Exhibits”.

Investment in PHIG

On January 20, 2015, PLDT and Rocket entered into another joint venture agreement to further strengthen their existing partnership and to foster the development of internet-based businesses in the Philippines. PLDT, through Voyager and Asia Internet Holding S.à r.l., which is 50%-owned by Rocket, will become partners in PHIG.

PHIG will concentrate on creating and developing online businesses in the Philippines, leverage local market and business model insights, facilitate commercial, strategic and investment partnerships, enable local recruiting and sourcing, accelerate the rollout of online startups and drive the activities of high-growth companies which are already operating in the Philippines (such as Lamudi, Carmudi, Clickbus and Pricepanda), with plans to launch numerous new companies in the coming quarters.

PLDT will invest €30 million for a 33.33% ownership stake in PHIG and will have the option to increase its investment to 50%. Subject to the approval of the regulatory authorities, this transaction is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2015.

Business Overview

As at December 31, 2014, our Management Committee categorized our business activities in three business units: Wireless, Fixed Line and Others. On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO segment, which was completed in April 2013. Consequently, as at December 31, 2012, the BPO segment was classified as discontinued operations and a disposal group held-for-sale. The BPO segment met the criteria of an asset to be classified as held-for-sale as at December 31, 2012. The results of operations of our BPO business for the four months ended April 30, 2013 and the year ended December 31, 2012 have been presented as discontinued operations. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations and Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Discontinued Operations to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

The Management Committee monitors the operating results of each business unit separately for purposes of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. See Note 4 – Operating Segment Information to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Wireless

We provide cellular, wireless broadband, as well as satellite and other services through our wireless business, which contributed approximately 90% and 10% of our wireless service revenues, respectively, in 2014. In previous years, rapid growth in the cellular market resulted in a change in our revenue composition, with cellular service revenues surpassing fixed line revenues to become our largest revenues source. During 2014, however, the rate of growth in the cellular market has decreased. Wireless revenues contributed 64% of our total revenues in 2014 as compared to 65% and 66% for the years 2013 and 2012, respectively. Our cellular service revenues were 87% of our total wireless revenues, which include service and non-service revenues in 2014, 89% and 90% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Our cellular service, which accounted for approximately 90% of our wireless service revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014, is provided through Smart and DMPI with 69,857,060 total subscribers as at December 31, 2014 as compared to 70,045,627 total subscribers as at December 31, 2013, representing a combined market share of approximately 61% as at December 31, 2014 as compared to 64% as at December 31, 2013. Cellular penetration in the Philippines increased to approximately 114% as at December 31, 2014 from 108% as at December 31, 2013, and accounts for approximately 36 times the country’s fixed line penetration, although the existence of subscribers owning multiple SIM cards results in this penetration rate being inflated to a certain extent.

Approximately 96% and 89% of Smart and Sun Cellular subscribers, respectively, as at December 31, 2014 were prepaid service subscribers. The predominance of prepaid service reflects one of the distinguishing characteristics of the Philippine cellular market, allowing us to increase and broaden our subscriber base without handset subsidies and reduce billing and administrative costs on a per-subscriber basis, as well as to control credit risk. We have also retained our dominance in the postpaid service. Our combined Smart and Sun Cellular postpaid subscribers have increased by 16% or 387,571, to 2,765,488 in 2014, representing a market share of approximately 55%.

In 2014, the growth of smartphone users resulted in significant increase in our mobile internet revenues. On September 26, 2014, we launched our Free Mobile internet promo whereby subscribers can avail themselves of 30MB of data usage per day, enabling them to use their social networking sites, read news and entertainment sites, send and receive email, stream music through Spinnr (an online music portal), and shop online. The offer excludes the use of VoIP and messaging applications, as well as peer-to-peer file sharing applications. The promo was originally effective until February 5, 2015 but was extended until February 28, 2015, with video streaming made available during the extension period. Our mobile internet revenues, which are part of our cellular data services revenues, increased by Php3,111 million, or 63%, to Php8,079 million in 2014 from Php4,968 million in 2013. Our mobile internet revenues contributed 16% and 10% of our cellular data service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Text messaging, which remains popular in the Philippines, contributed 81% and 87% of our cellular data service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Smart’s cellular network is the most extensive in the Philippines, covering substantially all of Metropolitan Manila and most of the other major population centers in the Philippines. Its dual-band GSM network allows it to efficiently deploy high capacity 1800 MHz BTS in dense urban areas and deploy its 900 MHz BTS on a relatively more economical basis in potentially high growth, but less densely populated provincial areas. We have installed a third-generation, or 3G, network based on a W-CDMA technology and are currently upgrading our wireless broadband facilities. With 26,242 cellular/broadband base stations, which includes 11,083 active 4G/HSPA+/LTE base stations, as at December 31, 2014, our cellular network covers approximately 95% of all towns and municipalities in the Philippines.

DMPI is transforming its transmission backbone network from a linear architecture to a ring topology synergizing with the Smart network, which allows for greater redundancy to ensure service reliability and quality. Additionally, DMPI developed an advanced 3G network that is currently operational in various provinces nationwide. We believe DMPI has developed an advanced network infrastructure that is highly efficient and can be easily scaled to accommodate increased subscriber base for its 2G and 3G business and increased network traffic from “unlimited” plans offered to subscribers of Sun Cellular.

As at December 31, 2014, Smart and DMPI have completed their unified network project in Mindanao and a large part of the Visayas region. The network synergy has generated savings in terms of capex optimization, cost efficiencies and reductions in cost duplications, and is expected to further increase upon completion of the project in 2016.

Fixed Line

We are the leading provider of fixed line telecommunications services throughout the country, servicing retail, corporate and SME clients. Our fixed line business group offers local exchange, international long distance, national long distance, data and other network and miscellaneous services. We had 2,207,889 fixed line subscribers as at December 31, 2014, an increase of 138,470 from the 2,069,419 fixed line subscribers as at December 31, 2013, mainly due to higher net additions in 2014 compared with 2013. Total revenues from our fixed line was 36% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014, 35% and 34% in the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. National long distance revenues have been declining largely due to a drop in call volumes as a result of continued popularity of alternative means of communications such as texting, e-mailing and internet telephony. An increase in our data and other network service revenues in recent years have mitigated such decline to a certain extent. Recognizing the growth potential of data and other network services, we have put considerable emphasis on the development of new data-capable and IP-based networks.

Our 11,807-kilometer long DFON is complemented by an extensive digital microwave backbone network operated by Smart. This microwave network complements the higher capacity fiber optic networks and is vital in delivering reliable services to areas not covered by fixed terrestrial transport network. Our fixed line network reaches all of the major cities and municipalities in the Philippines, with a concentration in the Metropolitan Manila area. Our network offers the country’s most extensive connections to international networks through two international gateway switching exchanges and various regional submarine cable systems in which we have economic interests.

See Item 4. “Information on the Company – Infrastructure – Fixed Line Network Infrastructure” for further information on our fixed line infrastructure.

Others

Other business consists primarily of PCEV, an investment holding company which has a 22.48% interest in Meralco shares through its 49.96% equity interest in Beacon’s outstanding common stock and preferred stock; PGIC, which owns an 18.24% economic interest in Beta, an investment holding company of SPi Technologies, Inc., or SPi, and its subsidiaries, or SPi Group, where we reinvested approximately US$40 million of the proceeds from the sale of BPO in 2013; and PLDT Digital, an investment holding company, which owns a 6.1% equity interest in Rocket Internet AG, or Rocket, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, PLDT Online.

Capital Expenditures and Divestitures

See Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Liquidity and Capital Resources” for information concerning our principal capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 and those planned for 2015. See Item 4. “ – Development Activities (2012-2014) – Divestment of CURE” for the discussion of our recent divestitures.

Organization

Our consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of PLDT and the following subsidiaries (collectively, the “PLDT Group”) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


			Percentage of Ownership
	Place of		2014				2013
Name of Subsidiary	Incorporation	Principal Business Activity	Direct		Indirect		Direct		Indirect

Wireless
Smart:	Philippines	Cellular mobile services		100.0		—		100.0		—
Smart Broadband, Inc., or SBI, and Subsidiary	Philippines	Internet broadband distribution services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Primeworld Digital Systems, Inc., or PDSI	Philippines	Internet broadband distribution services		—		100.0		—		100.00
I-Contacts Corporation	Philippines	Call center services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Smart e-Money, Inc., or SMI, (formerly Smarthub, Inc.)^(a)	Philippines	Provide and market certain mobile payment services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Smart Money Holdings Corporation, or SMHC	Cayman Islands	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Far East Capital Limited, or FECL, and Subsidiary, or FECL Group	Cayman Islands	Cost effective offshore financing and risk management activities for Smart		—		100.0		—		100.00
PH Communications Holdings Corporation	Philippines	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Francom Holdings, Inc.:	Philippines	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Connectivity Unlimited Resource Enterprise, or CURE	Philippines	Cellular mobile services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Chikka Holdings Limited, or Chikka, and Subsidiaries, or Chikka Group	British Virgin Islands	Content provider, mobile applications development and services		—		100.0		—		100.00
elnnovations Holdings Pte. Ltd. (formerly Smarthub Pte. Ltd., or SHPL)^(b):	Singapore	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Takatack Pte. Ltd., or Takatack, (formerly SmartConnect Global Pte. Ltd.)^(c)	Singapore	Development of leading enhanced data rates for GSM evolution, voice communications and information technology, or IT, based solutions		—		100.0		—		100.00
3^rd Brand Pte. Ltd., or 3^rd Brand	Singapore	Solutions and systems integration services		—		85.0		—		85.0
Voyager Innovations, Inc., or Voyager^(d)	Philippines	Mobile applications development and services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Wifun, Inc., or Wifun^(e)	Philippines	Software developer and selling of WiFi access equipment		—		87.0		—		—
Telesat, Inc.^(f)	Philippines	Satellite communications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
ACeS Philippines Cellular Satellite Corporation, or ACeS Philippines	Philippines	Satellite information and messaging services		88.5		11.5		88.5		11.5
Digitel Mobile Philippines, Inc., or DMPI, (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Digitel)	Philippines	Cellular mobile services		—		99.6		—		99.6

Fixed Line
PLDT Clark Telecom, Inc., or ClarkTel	Philippines	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT Subic Telecom, Inc., or SubicTel	Philippines	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT Global Corporation, or PLDT Global, and Subsidiaries	British Virgin Islands	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
Smart-NTT Multimedia, Inc.^(f)	Philippines	Data and network services		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT-Philcom, Inc., or Philcom, and Subsidiaries, or Philcom Group	Philippines	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
ePLDT, Inc., or ePLDT:	Philippines	Information and communications infrastructure for internet-based services, e-commerce, customer relationship management and IT related services		100.0		—		100.0		—
IP Converge Data Services, Inc., or IPCDSI, and Subsidiary, or IPCDSI Group^(g)	Philippines	Information and communications infrastructure for internet-based services, e-commerce, customer relationship management and IT related services		—		100.0		—		100.0


			Percentage of Ownership
	Place of		2014				2013
Name of Subsidiary	Incorporation	Principal Business Activity	Direct		Indirect		Direct		Indirect
iPlus Intelligent Network, Inc., or iPlus^(h)	Philippines	Managed IT outsourcing		—		—		—		100.0
Curo Teknika, Inc., or Curo⁽ⁱ⁾	Philippines	Managed IT outsourcing		—		100.0		—		100.0
ABM Global Solutions, Inc., or AGS, and Subsidiaries, or AGS Group^(j)	Philippines	Internet-based purchasing, IT consulting and professional services		—		99.8		—		99.2
ePDS, Inc., or ePDS	Philippines	Bills printing and other related value-added services, or VAS		—		67.0		—		67.0
netGames, Inc.^(f)	Philippines	Gaming support services		—		57.5		—		57.5
Digitel:	Philippines	Telecommunications services		99.6		—		99.6		—
Digitel Capital Philippines Ltd., or DCPL^(k)	British Virgin Islands	Telecommunications services		—		99.6		—		99.6
Digitel Information Technology Services, Inc.^(l)	Philippines	Internet services		—		99.6		—		99.6
PLDT-Maratel, Inc., or Maratel	Philippines	Telecommunications services		98.0		—		98.0		—
Bonifacio Communications Corporation, or BCC	Philippines	Telecommunications, infrastructure and related VAS		75.0		—		75.0		—
Pacific Global One Aviation Co., Inc., or PG1^(m)	Philippines	Air transportation business		65.0		—		50.0		—
Pilipinas Global Network Limited, or PGNL, and Subsidiaries⁽ⁿ⁾	British Virgin Islands	Internal distributor of Filipino channels and content		64.6		—		60.0		—

Others
PLDT Global Investments Holdings, Inc., or PGIH, (formerly SPi Global Holdings, Inc.)^(o)	Philippines	Investment company		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT Digital Investments Pte. Ltd., or PLDT Digital, and Subsidiary^(p)	Singapore	Investment company		100.0		—		—		—

Mabuhay Investments Corporation, or MIC^(f)	Philippines	Investment company		67.0		—		67.0		—
PLDT Global Investments Corporation, or PGIC	British Virgin Islands	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.0

PLDT Communications and Energy Ventures, Inc., or PCEV	Philippines	Investment company		—		99.9		—		99.8

^(a)

On July 12, 2013, the Philippine SEC approved the change in the business name of Smarthub, Inc. to Smart e-Money, Inc.

^(b)

On February 24, 2015, the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority of Singapore approved the change in the business name of SHPL to elnnovations Holdings Pte. Ltd.

^(c)

On September 29, 2013, by a special resolution of the Board of Directors of SmartConnect Global Pte. Ltd., resolved to change its registered business name to Takatack Pte. Ltd.

^(d)

On January 7, 2013, Voyager was registered with the Philippine SEC to provide mobile applications development and services.

^(e)

On November 18, 2014, Smart acquired an 86.96% equity interest in Wifun. See Note 14 – Business Combinations – Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun.

^(f)

Ceased commercial operations.

^(g)

On January 28, 2014, IPCDSI acquired a 100% equity interest in Rack I.T. Data Center, Inc., or Rack IT. See Note 14 – Business Combinations – IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack IT.

^(h)

On April 8, 2014, ePLDT sold its 100% stake in iPlus through a management buyout for a consideration of Php42 million.

⁽ⁱ⁾

On October 30, 2013, Curo was incorporated to take-on the Outsourced IT Services as a result of the spin-off of iPlus.

^(j)

In 2014, ePLDT acquired an additional 0.6% equity interest in AGS from its minority shareholders thereby increasing ePLDT’s ownership in AGS from 99.2% to 99.8%.

^(k)

Liquidated in January 2013.

^(l)

Corporate life shortened until June 2013.

^(m)

On March 10, 2014, PLDT acquired an additional 37.5 million shares of PG1, thereby increasing its ownership from 50% to 65%. See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in PG1 and Note 14 – Business Combinations – PLDT’s Additional Investment in PG1.

⁽ⁿ⁾

In September 2014, PLDT converted a receivable from PGNL amounting to US$5.5 million as additional investment and infused additional cash into PGNL amounting to US$1.3 million thereby increasing its interest in PGNL from 60.0% to 64.6%.

^(o)

On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our Business Process Outsourcing, or BPO, segment, which was wholly-owned by PGIH. The sale was completed in April 2013. Consequently, as at December 31, 2013, the BPO segment was classified as discontinued operations and a disposal group held-for-sale. On June 3, 2013, the Philippine SEC approved the change in the business name of SPi Global Holdings, Inc. to PLDT Global Investments Holdings, Inc. See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Assets Classified as Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations.

^(p)

On August 1, 2014, PLDT Digital was incorporated to be the holding company of PLDT Online Investments Pte. Ltd., or PLDT Online, an entity that holds investment in Rocket Internet AG, or Rocket. See Note 11 – Available-for-Sale Financial Investments – PLDT Online’s Investment in Rocket.

Development Activities (2012-2014)

Investment in PDRs of MediaQuest

In 2012, ePLDT made deposits totaling Php6 billion to MediaQuest, an entity wholly-owned by the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, for the issuance of PDRs by MediaQuest in relation to its indirect interest in Cignal TV. Cignal TV is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Satventures, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest. The Cignal TV PDRs confer an economic interest in common shares of Cignal TV indirectly owned by MediaQuest, and when issued, will provide ePLDT with a 40% economic interest in Cignal TV. Cignal TV operates a direct-to-home, or DTH, Pay-TV business under the brand name “Cignal TV”, which is the largest DTH Pay-TV operator in the Philippines with 844 thousand net subscribers as at December 31, 2014.

On March 5, 2013, PLDT’s Board of Directors approved two further investments in additional PDRs of MediaQuest:

•

a Php3.6 billion investment by ePLDT in PDRs to be issued by MediaQuest in relation to its interest in Satventures. The Satventures PDRs confer an economic interest in common shares of Satventures owned by MediaQuest, and when issued, will provide ePLDT with a 40% economic interest in Satventures; and

•

a Php1.95 billion investment by ePLDT in PDRs to be issued by MediaQuest in relation to its interest in Hastings Holdings, Inc., or Hastings. The Hastings PDRs confer an economic interest in common shares of Hastings owned by MediaQuest, and when issued, will provide ePLDT with a 100% economic interest in Hastings. Hastings is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest and holds all the print-related investments of MediaQuest, including equity interests in three leading newspapers: The Philippine Star, the Philippine Daily Inquirer, and Business World. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Unlisted Equity Investments – Investment in MediaQuest to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

The Php6 billion Cignal TV PDRs and Php3.6 billion Satventures PDRs were issued on September 27, 2013. These PDRs provided ePLDT an aggregate of 64% economic interest in Cignal TV.

On March 4, 2014, PLDT’s Board of Directors approved an additional investment of up to Php500 million in Hastings PDRs to be issued by MediaQuest, which will increase ePLDT’s investment in Hastings PDRs from Php1.95 billion to Php2.45 billion representing a 60% economic interest in Hastings.

On March 11, 2014, MediaQuest received from ePLDT an amount aggregrating to Php300 million representing deposits for future PDRs subscriptions.

ePLDT’s deposit for future Hastings PDRs subscription amounted to Php2,250 million and Php1,950 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

As at March 26, 2015, the Hastings PDRs have not yet been issued.

The PLDT Group’s financial investment in PDRs of MediaQuest is part of the PLDT Group’s overall strategy of broadening its distribution platforms and increasing the Group’s ability to deliver multi-media content to its customers across the Group’s broadband and mobile networks.

Sale of BPO Segment

On February 5, 2013, PLDT entered into an agreement to sell the BPO business owned by its wholly-owned subsidiary, PGIH to Asia Outsourcing Gamma Limited, or AOGL, a company controlled by CVC Capital Partners, or CVC. The sale of the BPO business was completed on April 30, 2013. PLDT reinvested approximately US$40 million of the proceeds from the sale in our acquisition of shares of Beta, resulting in an approximately 18.24% economic interest, and will continue to participate in the growth of the business as a partner of CVC. Pursuant to the sale, PLDT is subject to certain obligations, including: (1) an obligation, for a period of five years, not to carry on or be engaged or concerned or interested in or assist any business which competes with the business process outsourcing business as carried on at the relevant time or at any time in the 12 months prior to such time in any territory in which business is carried on (excluding activities in the ordinary course of PLDT’s business); and (2) an obligation, for a period of five years, to provide certain transitional services on a most-favored-nation basis (i.e., no less favorable material terms (including pricing) than those offered by PLDT or any of its controlled affiliates to any other customer in relation to services substantially similar to those provided or to be provided to AOGL and/or its designated companies). In addition, PLDT may be liable for certain damages actually suffered by AOGL until the time of sale arising out of, among others, breach of representation, tax matters and noncompliance with Indian employment laws by SPi Technologies India Pvt. Ltd., a joint subsidiary of SPi and SPi India Holdings (Mauritius), Inc. for the transactions that transpired up to the time of sale. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations and Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Assets Classified as Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion of the classification of the BPO segment as an asset held-for-sale.

PCEV’s Transfer of Meralco Shares to Beacon

On October 25, 2011, PCEV transferred to Beacon its remaining investment in 68.8 million of Meralco’s common shares for a total cash consideration of Php15,136 million. PCEV also subscribed to 1,199 million Beacon preferred shares of the same value. The transfer of the Meralco shares was implemented by a cross sale through the PSE.

Since the transactions involve entities with common shareholders, PCEV recognized a deferred gain on transfer of the Meralco shares amounting to Php8,145 million, equivalent to the difference between the Php15,136 million transfer price of the Meralco shares and the Php6,991 million carrying amount in PCEV’s books of the Meralco shares transferred. The deferred gain was presented as an adjustment to the investment cost of the Beacon preferred shares in 2011. Similar to the deferred gain on the transfer of the 154.2 million Meralco shares, the deferred gain will only be realized upon the disposal of the Meralco shares to a third party.

PCEV’s Additional Investment in Beacon

On January 20, 2012, PCEV subscribed to 135 million Beacon common shares for a total cash consideration of Php2,700 million. On the same date, MPIC also subscribed to 135 million Beacon common shares for a total cash consideration of Php2,700 million.

In November 2014, Beacon declared cash dividends on its common shareholders in the amount of Php6,000 million, in the aggregate, which was paid in February 2015. PCEV’s share of the dividend was Php3,000 million, and was deducted from the carrying value of the investment in a joint venture as at December 31, 2014.

Sale of Beacon Preferred Shares to MPIC

On June 6, 2012, PCEV agreed to sell approximately 282 million of its Beacon preferred shares to MPIC for total cash consideration of Php3,563 million, which sale was completed on June 29, 2012. Beacon preferred shares were sold to an entity not included in PLDT Group, PCEV realized a portion of the deferred gain, amounting to Php2,012 million, which was recorded when the underlying Meralco shares were transferred to Beacon.

Change in View and Purpose of Investment in Beacon Preferred Shares

On October 30, 2013, PCEV’s Board of Directors approved the change in view and purpose of its investment in Beacon preferred shares, from an investment available-for-sale financial investments to a strategic investment which PCEV intends to hold on to for the long-term, similar to its investment in Beacon common shares. As a result, the investment in Beacon preferred shares was reclassified from available-for-sale financial investments to investment in a joint venture (both are noncurrent assets). The carrying value of PCEV’s investment in Beacon preferred shares amounted to Php7,268 million and Php6,250 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively (net of deferred gain of Php5,520 million and Php6,133 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively).

In March 2014, Beacon declared a 7% cumulative preferred dividend to its preferred shareholders in an aggregate amount of Php810 million. PCEV’s share in the dividend declared by Beacon in the amount of Php405 million was received in May 2014 and was deducted from the carrying value of the investment as at December 31, 2014.

The carrying value of PCEV’s investment in Beacon, representing 50% of Beacon’s common shares outstanding, was Php21,895 million and Php23,375 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Automated Fare Collection System Project Awarded to AFCSI

In 2013, Smart, along with other conglomerates MPIC and Ayala, bid for the AFCS project of the DOTC and Light Rail Transit Authority. The project aims to upgrade the Light Rail Transit 1 and 2, and Metro Rail Transit ticketing systems by substantially speeding up payments, reducing queuing time and facilitating efficient passenger transfer to other rail lines. The AFCS Consortium led by MPIC and Ayala, composed of AC Infrastructure Holdings Corporation, BPI Card Finance Corporation, and Globe Telecom, Inc., for the Ayala Group, and MPIC, Meralco Financial Services Corporation, and Smart for the MPIC Group, bid for the AFCS Project and on January 30, 2014, received a Notice of Award from the DOTC declaring it as the winning bidder.

On February 10, 2014, the AFCSI, the joint venture company, was incorporated in the Philippines and registered with the Philippine SEC. As part of the agreement, Smart subscribed for 503 million shares equivalent to a 20% equity interest in AFCSI at a subscription price of Php1.00 per share. Of the total subscription price, Php300 million was paid by Smart and the remaining balance of Php203 million was unpaid as at December 31, 2014.

On June 30, 2014, MPIC and Ayala Group signed a ten-year concession agreement with the DOTC to build and implement the AFCS project.

On January 20, 2015, the Board of Directors of AFCSI approved an additional capital infusion of Php800 million to fund its expenditures to be paid on or before March 31, 2015 by the shareholders in proportion to their share subscriptions. Smart will contribute an additional Php160 million for its 20% share in AFCSI.

See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

PCEV’s Common Stock

On June 24, 2014, PCEV’s Board of Directors approved a repurchase or buyback program of its common shares, which are owned by its remaining minority stockholders and offered for sale at a price of not more than Php100,000.00 per share. The buyback program was valid until December 31, 2014.

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion of PCEV’s Common Stock.

PLDT’s Acquisition of Subscription Assets of Digitel

On July 1, 2013, PLDT entered into an agreement to acquire the subscription assets of Digitel for a total cost of approximately Php5.3 billion. The agreement covers the transfer, assignment and conveyance of Digitel’s subscription agreements and subscriber list, and includes a transition mechanism to ensure uninterrupted availability of services to the Digitel subscribers until migration to the PLDT network is completed.

ePLDT’s Acquisition of Shares of AGS’ Minority Stockholders

In 2014, ePLDT acquired an additional 0.6% in AGS from its minority shareholders for a total consideration of Php0.6 million, thereby increasing ePLDT’s ownership in AGS from 99.2% to 99.8% as at December 31, 2014.

Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun, Inc., or Wifun

On November 18, 2014, Smart acquired an 86.96% equity interest in Wifun for total cash consideration of Php70 million of which Php35 million was paid in December 2014, Php6 million is payable in April 2015 and Php29 million is payable upon capital call of Wifun. Wifun was incorporated in the Philippines in 2013 and is engaged in the business of selling software solutions, telecommunications equipment and gadgets, and providing WiFi access.

Investment in mePay Operations Philippines, Inc., or mePay Ops

mePay Ops was incorporated in the Philippines on February 10, 2015 to market, sell and distribute payment solutions and other related services. mePay Ops is 60% and 40% owned by SMI and Smart, respectively, with an initial capitalization of Php1 million.

Sale of Healthcare Business by Asia Outsourcing Gamma Limited, or AOGL

On October 1, 2014, AOGL’s healthcare business, which provides revenue cycle management, health information management and software solutions for independent and provider-owned physician practices, was sold to Conifer Health Solutions, America’s leading provider of technology-enabled healthcare performance improvement services, for a total of US$235 million. AOGL is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Beta, which is, in turn, owned 80% by CVC Capital Partners, one of the world’s leading private equity and investment advisory firms, and 20% by PLDT through its indirect subsidiary, PLDT Global Investments Corporation, or PGIC. As a result of the sale, PGIC received a cash payment of US$42 million from Beta.

PLDT’s Additional Investment in PGNL

In September 2014, PLDT converted a receivable from PGNL amounting to US$5.5 million as additional investment and infused additional cash amounting to US$1.3 million thereby increasing its interest in PGNL from 60.0% to 64.6%.

PLDT Online’s Investment in Rocket

On August 7, 2014, PLDT and Rocket entered into a global strategic partnership to drive the development of online and mobile payment solutions in emerging markets. A copy of the investment agreement relating to PLDT’s investment in Rocket is furnished under Item 19. “Exhibits”.

Pursuant to the terms of the investment agreement, PLDT invested €333 million, or Php19,577 million, in cash, for new shares equivalent to a 10% stake in Rocket as at August 2014. These new shares are of the same class and bear the same rights as the Rocket shares held by the current investors, as at the date of the agreement, namely: Investment AB Kinnevik and Access Industries, in addition to Global Founders GmbH (formerly: European Founders Fund GmbH). PLDT made the €333 million investment in two payments (one on September 8 and one on September 15, 2014), which it funded from available cash and new debt. In accordance with PLDT’s right to appoint one member of Rocket’s nine-person supervisory board, on August 22, 2014, PLDT’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Napoleon L. Nazareno, was appointed to the supervisory board.

Concurrently with the investment, PLDT and Rocket agreed pursuant to a joint venture agreement to jointly develop mobile and online payments in emerging markets. The partnership will leverage PLDT’s experience and intellectual property in mobile payments and remittance platforms, together with Rocket’s global technology platform, to provide products and services for the “unbanked, uncarded and unconnected” population in emerging markets. A copy of the joint venture agreement between PLDT and Rocket is furnished under Item 19. “Exhibits”.

PLDT’s investment terms reflect its long-term commitment to Rocket and its unique ability to combine PLDT’s world-class mobile money expertise and resources with Rocket’s global platform to develop future value-enhancing growth opportunities.

On August 21, 2014, PLDT assigned all its rights, titles and interests, as well as all of its obligations related to its investment in Rocket, to PLDT Online, an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT.

On October 1, 2014, Rocket announced the pricing of its initial public offering, or IPO, at €42.50 per share. On October 2, 2014, Rocket listed its shares on the Entry Standard of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “RKET.” PLDT’s ownership stake in Rocket after the IPO was reduced to 6.6%. At the closing price of Rocket as at December 31, 2014 of €51.39 per share, the total market value of PLDT’s stake in Rocket was €519 million or Php27,855 million. The unrealized gains of Php8,144 million as a result of the change in the fair value of Rocket shares as at December 31, 2014 was recognized in other comprehensive income in the “Net gains available-for-sale financial investments – net of tax” account in the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements. Total costs directly attributable to the acquisition of Rocket shares and recognized as part of investment cost amounted to Php134 million.

As at March 26, 2015, due to additional issuances of shares by Rocket, PLDT’s ownership percentage in Rocket was reduced to 6.1%.

Rocket provides a platform for the rapid creation and scaling of consumer internet businesses outside the U.S. and China. Rocket has more than 20,000 employees in its network of companies across over 100 countries, with aggregated revenues in excess of €700 million in 2013. Its most prominent brands include leading Southeast Asian e-Commerce businesses, Zalora and Lazada, as well as fast growing brands with strong positions in their markets, such as Dafiti, Linio, Jumia, Namshi, Lamoda, Jabong, Westwing, Home24 and HelloFresh, in Latin America, Africa, Middle East, Russia, India and Europe. Financial technology and payments comprise Rocket’s third sector where it anticipates numerous and significant growth opportunities.

Sale of Beacon’s Meralco Shares to MPIC

On June 24, 2014, Beacon and MPIC entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to sell 56 million common shares, comprising an approximately 5% interest in Meralco to MPIC at a price of Php235.00 per share for an aggregate consideration of Php13,243 million. Based on the agreement, MPIC settled a portion of the consideration amounting to Php3,000 million immediately upon signing of the agreement and the balance was paid on February 27, 2015.

Upon completion of the sale, PCEV’s effective interest in Meralco, through Beacon, was reduced to 22.48%, while MPIC’s effective interest in Meralco, through its direct ownership of Meralco shares and through Beacon, increased to 27.48%. There is no change in the aggregate joint interest of MPIC and Beacon in Meralco which remains at 49.96%.

PLDT’s Acquisition of Additional Shares of PG1

On January 28, 2014, PLDT’s Board of Directors approved the purchase of 37.5 million shares of PG1 owned by Jubilee Sky Limited, or JSL, which effectively increases PLDT’s ownership in PG1 from 50% to 65%. The cash consideration for the shares purchased, which was completed on March 10, 2014, was Php23 million. Thus, PLDT gained control of PG1 and, therefore, PG1’s financial statements were included in our consolidated financial statements effective March 10, 2014. See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in PG1 and Note 14 – Business Combinations – PLDT’s Additional Investment in PG1 to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 7. “Financial Statements”.

IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack I.T. Data Center, Inc., or Rack IT

On January 28, 2014, IPCDSI and a third party entered into a sale and purchase agreement whereby the third party sold its 100% ownership in Rack IT to IPCDSI for a total purchase price of Php164 million, of which Php25 million was originally to be paid upon completion of certain closing conditions in May 2014. On May 28, 2014, ePLDT granted the request of the third party to extend the deadline of the completion of certain closing conditions to on or before December 31, 2014. On November 26, 2014, ePLDT granted an additional request of the third party to further extend the deadline for completion of the closing conditions to on or before March 31, 2015.

Rack IT was incorporated to engage in the business of providing data center services, encompassing all the information technology and facility-related components or activities that support the projects and operations of a data center. The Sucat Data Center, with rack capacity of 800, held its inauguration on December 3, 2014. Rack IT started commercial operations on February 20, 2015.

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits, and Note 14 – Business Combinations to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion regarding these and other acquisitions.

Strengths

We believe our business is characterized by the following competitive strengths:

•

Recognized Brands. PLDT, Smart, Talk ‘N Text and Sun Cellular are strong and widely recognized brand names in the Philippines. We have built the PLDT brand name for over 85 years as the leading telecommunications provider in the Philippines. Smart is recognized in the Philippines as an innovative provider of high-quality cellular services. The Talk ‘N Text brand, which is provided using Smart’s network, has also gained significant recognition as a price-competitive brand. Our brand range was further strengthened with the acquisition of DMPI and its cellular brand, Sun Cellular. Since its launch in 2003, Sun Cellular has built considerable brand equity as a provider of “unlimited” services. Having a range of strong and recognizable brands allows us to offer to various market segments differentiated products and services that suit customers’ budgets and usage preferences.

•

Leading Market Shares. With over 76 million fixed lines, cellular and broadband subscribers as at December 31, 2014, we have leading market positions in each of the fixed line, cellular and broadband markets in the Philippines in terms of both subscribers and revenues.

•

Diversified Revenue Sources. We derive our revenues from two of our business segments, namely, Wireless and Fixed Line, with each contributing 64% and 36%, respectively, to our total revenues in 2014, and 65% and 35%, respectively, in 2013. Revenue sources of our wireless business include cellular services, which include voice services and text message-related, mobile internet and VAS, and wireless broadband services. Revenues from cellular voice and text services have been declining but this decline is somewhat mitigated by the increase in revenues from wireless broadband and mobile internet browsing. Our fixed line business derives service revenues from local exchange, international long distance, national long distance and data and other network services. Revenues from local exchange, national and international long distance, have been declining over the past years due to pressures on traditional fixed line voice revenues and reductions in international interconnection rates, offset by the significant revenue contribution from corporate, SME and consumer data.

•

Superior Integrated Network. With the most advanced and extensive telecommunications networks in the Philippines, we are able to offer a wide array of communications services. Part of our network transformation program included the continued upgrade of our fixed line network to an all IP-based NGN, the build out of our transmission network, the investment in increased international bandwidth capacity, and the expansion of our 3G, 4G LTE and wireless broadband networks in order to enhance our data and broadband capabilities. Our network investments include the upgrade of our IT capabilities, including our Operating Support Systems, Business Support Systems and Intelligent Networks, all of which are essential in enabling us to offer more relevant services to our customers.

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Innovative Products and Services. We have successfully introduced a number of innovative and award-winning cellular products and services, including Smart Money, Smart Load and Pasa Load. Smart Load is an “over-the-air” electronic loading facility designed to make reloading of air time credits more convenient for, and accessible to consumers. Pasa Load (the term “pasa” means “transfer”) is a derivative service of Smart Load that allows load transfers to other Smart Prepaid and Talk ‘N Text subscribers.

•

Strong Strategic Relationships. We have important strategic relationships with First Pacific, NTT DOCOMO and NTT Communications. We believe the technological support, international experience and management expertise made available to us through these strategic relationships will enable us to enhance our market leadership and ability to provide and cross-sell a more complete range of products and services.

Strategy

The key elements of our business strategy are:

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Build on our leading positions in the fixed line and wireless businesses. We plan to continue building on our position as the leading fixed line and wireless service provider in the Philippines by continuing to launch new products and services to increase subscriber value and utilization of our existing facilities and equipment at reduced cost, and to increase our subscribers’ use of our network for both voice and data, as well as their reliance on our services.

•

Capitalize on our strength as an integrated provider of telecommunications services. We offer the broadest range of telecommunications services among all operators in the Philippines. We plan to capitalize on this position to maximize revenue opportunities by bundling and cross-selling our products and services, and by developing convergent products that feature the combined benefits of voice and data, fixed line, wireless, and other products and services, including media content, utilizing our network and business platforms.

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Strengthen our leading position in the data and broadband market. Leveraging on the inherent strengths of our fixed line and wireless businesses, we are committed to further develop our fastest growing business – broadband, data and other network services, including mobile internet. Consistent with our strategy of introducing innovative products and services using advanced technology, we continue to launch various products and services in the data and broadband market that deliver quality of experience according to different market needs, including data centers and cloud-related services.

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Maintain a strong financial position and improve shareholder returns. Following significant improvements in our financial position, we restored the payment of cash dividends to our common shareholders beginning in 2005 and were able to declare dividend payouts of approximately 100% of our core earnings for the seven consecutive years from 2007 to 2013 and approximately 90% of our core earnings for 2014. We plan to continue utilizing our free cash flows for the payment of cash dividends to common shareholders and investments in new growth areas. As part of our growth strategy, we have made and may continue to make acquisitions and investments in companies or businesses. We will continue to consider value-accretive investments in telecommunications as well as telco-related businesses such as those in media and content.

Business

Wireless

We provide cellular, wireless broadband, satellite and other services through our wireless business.

Cellular Service

Overview

Our cellular business, which we provide through Smart and DMPI to almost 70 million subscribers as at December 31, 2014, approximately 96% of whom are prepaid subscribers, focuses on providing wireless voice communications and wireless data communications (primarily through text messaging, but also through a variety of VAS and mobile broadband). As a condition of our acquisition of a controlling interest in Digitel, we have agreed with the NTC that we will divest the congressional franchise, spectrum and related permits held by CURE following the migration of CURE’s Red Mobile subscriber base to Smart. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Divestment of CURE to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

The following table summarizes key measures of our cellular business as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	December 31,
	2014			2013			2012
Systemwide cellular subscriber base		69,857,060			70,045,627			69,866,458
Prepaid		67,091,612			67,667,750			67,611,537
Smart Prepaid		24,877,144			24,608,687			25,061,453
Talk ‘N Text		28,149,360			29,485,017			28,445,053
Sun Cellular		14,065,108			13,574,046			14,105,031
Postpaid		2,765,448			2,377,877			2,254,921
Smart		1,040,221			889,696			683,480
Sun Cellular		1,725,227			1,488,181			1,571,441
Growth rate of cellular subscribers
Prepaid
Smart Prepaid		1	%		(2	%)		(11	%)
Talk ‘N Text		(5	%)		4	%		39	%
Sun Cellular		4	%		(4	%)		6	%
Postpaid
Smart		17	%		30	%		18	%
Sun Cellular		16	%		(5	%)		16	%
Cellular revenues (in millions)	Php	103,836		Php	105,875		Php	103,604
Voice		50,640			51,384			49,627
Data		50,137			52,258			51,415
Others		3,059			2,233			2,562
Percentage of cellular revenues to total wireless service revenues		90	%		91	%		91	%
Percentage of cellular revenues to total service revenues		58	%		59	%		60	%

Smart markets nationwide cellular communications services under the brand names Smart Prepaid, Talk ‘N Text, Smart Postpaid and Smart Infinity. Smart Prepaid and Talk ‘N Text are prepaid services while Smart Postpaid and Smart Infinity are postpaid services, which are all provided through Smart’s digital network. With the acquisition of a majority interest in the Digitel Group on October 26, 2011, we offer prepaid and postpaid services under the brand name Sun Cellular.

Smart, together with Talk ‘N Text and Sun Cellular, has focused on segmenting the market by offering sector-specific, value-driven packages for its subscribers. These include load buckets which provide a fixed number of messages with prescribed validity periods and call packages which allow a fixed number of calls of preset duration. Starting out as within network packages, Smart’s buckets now also offer voice, text and hybrid bundles available to all networks. Smart also provides packages with unlimited voice, text, data, and combinations thereof, denominations of which depend on the duration and nature of the unlimited packages.

Among the many popular bucket variants of Smart prepaid is the Unli Call and Text 25 where subscribers can enjoy unlimited calls to Smart and Talk ‘N Text, unlimited texts to Smart, Talk ‘N Text and Sun Cellular, plus free 50 all network texts with 15MB of mobile internet data and additionally, unlimited Facebook access valid for one day. In addition, for as low as Php10, Smart Prepaid subscribers can get 75 all network texts, and 5MB of mobile internet data which is valid for one day.

Sun Cellular offers its Call and Text Unlimited products, which allow Sun Prepaid subscribers to enjoy 24 hours of Sun-to-Sun voice calls and all network texts and unlimited Facebook access for as low as Php25 per day. Sun Cellular’s Text Unlimited products offer unlimited Sun-to-Sun SMS with free ten minutes of voice calls to Sun, Smart and Talk ‘N Text plus ten minutes of mobile internet for as low as Php10 per day. Sun Cellular also offers Call and Text combo which allows subscribers to send 50 Sun-to-Sun SMS and 50 SMS to other networks along with ten minutes of calls to Sun, Smart and Talk ‘N Text voice calls and ten minutes of mobile internet for only Php10, valid for one day.

Sun Cellular also offers Sun Trio Loads, which comes with unlimited texts to Sun, Smart and Talk ‘N Text bundled with unlimited Facebook access for only Php20, valid for two days.

Postpaid subscribers have similar options depending on their monthly subscription plans. Smart offers Smart All-in Plans, which enable subscribers to choose from Smart’s different services, such as unlimited call, text, or mobile browsing, all charged within the subscriber’s monthly service fee.

Smart also offers the Smart Unli Postpaid Plan 599 which offers unlimited calls to Smart subscribers and unlimited texts to Smart, Talk ‘N Text and Sun Cellular subscribers plus 200MB of data and a Spinnr VIP subscription valid for 30 days.

Sun Cellular postpaid plans offer a variety of services to cater to the emerging needs of the subscribers at affordable prices. Sundroid Rush Plans starting from Php450 per month come with a free Android handset and tablet that allows subscribers to enjoy unlimited Sun Calls and Texts, 250 free texts to other networks and 20 hours of mobile internet. Sun Cellular also offers international direct dialing, or IDD, plans which allows subscribers to make international calls and send SMS to selected countries for as low as Php1.50 per minute of voice call or per SMS. The IDD plans also come with a free Android handset along with free calls and SMS, depending on the plan.

Voice Services

Cellular voice services comprise all voice traffic and voice VAS such as voice mail and international roaming. Voice services remain a significant contributor to wireless revenues, generating a total of Php50,640 million, Php51,384 million and Php49,627 million, or 49%, 49% and 48% of cellular service revenues in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Local calls continue to dominate outbound traffic constituting 92% of all our cellular minutes. Domestic inbound and outbound calls totaled 49,525 million minutes in 2014, a decrease of 1,979 million minutes, or 4%, as compared with 51,504 million minutes in 2013 primarily due to lower unlimited and standard voice traffic, partially offset by higher domestic voice revenues. International inbound and outbound calls totaled 3,241 million minutes in 2014, a decrease of 599 million minutes, or 16%, as compared with 3,840 million minutes in 2013. The ratio of inbound-to-outbound international long distance minutes was 5.9:1 for 2014.

Data Services

Cellular revenues from data services include all text messaging-related services and mobile internet, as well as VAS.

The Philippine cellular market is one of the most text messaging-intensive markets in the world, with more than a billion text messages sent per day. Text messaging is extremely popular in the Philippines, particularly on the prepaid platform, as it provides a convenient and inexpensive alternative to voice and e-mail based communications. However, the increased preference of communication through various mobile applications, social networking sites and other OTT services has provided a vast selection of communication tools.

Cellular revenues from data services decreased by Php2,121 million, or 4%, to Php50,137 million in 2014 from Php52,258 million in 2013 primarily due to lower text messaging and VAS revenues, partially offset by higher mobile internet revenues. In 2014, Smart’s and DMPI’s text messaging system handled 32,155 million outbound messages on standard SMS services and 389,321 million messages generated by bucket-priced text services.

Revenues from mobile internet includes web-based services such as mobile internet browsing and video streaming, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs. Mobile internet revenues increased by Php3,111 million, or 63%, to Php8,079 million in 2014 from Php4,968 million in 2013.

Smart and DMPI offer the following VAS:

•

Pasa Load/Give-a-load, which includes revenues from Pasa Load and Dial*SOS, net of allocated discounts. Pasa Load/Give-a-load is a service which allows prepaid and postpaid subscribers to transfer small denominations of air time credits to other prepaid subscribers. Dial*SOS allows Smart prepaid subscribers to borrow Php4 of load (three Smart-to-Smart texts plus Php1 air time) from Smart which will be deducted upon their next top-up;

•

SMS-based, which includes revenues from info-on-demand and voice text services, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs;

•

MMS-based, which includes revenues from point-to-point multimedia messaging system, or MMS, and content download services, such as ringtone, logo or music downloads, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs; and

•

Financial services, which include revenues from Smart Money Clicks via Smart Menu and mobile banking. Smart Money Clicks includes the following services: balance inquiry, re-load prepaid accounts, bills payment, card management and internet purchases.

Mobile internet browsing has shown significant growth as a result of the popularity of social networking and the affordability of smartphones. Our current approach is to continue maximizing our 3G network services while upgrading our network to LTE 4G. We aim to encourage sustained growth in mobile internet browsing by offering free internet access to mobile subscribers. Our “Free Internet” promo was launched in September 2014 and was offered until the end of February 2015.

Rates

Our current policy is to recognize a prepaid subscriber as “active” only when the subscriber activates and uses the SIM card and has outbound call, text or data activity. A prepaid cellular subscriber is considered inactive if the subscriber does not reload within 120 days after the full usage or expiry of the last reload.

Smart Prepaid and Talk ‘N Text call and text prepaid cards are sold in denominations of Php100, Php300 and Php500. The Php300 and Php500 cards include 33 and 83 free text messages, respectively. The stored value of a prepaid card remains valid for a period ranging from 30 days to 120 days depending on the denomination of the card, with larger denominations having longer validity periods from the time a subscriber activates the card. We launch from time to time promotions with shorter validity periods. The introduction of electronic loading facility, Smart Load, made reloading of air time credits more convenient and accessible to consumers. Smart Load’s over-the-air reloads have evolved to respond to market needs and now come in various denominations ranging from Php10 to Php1,000 with corresponding expiration periods. The introduction of Smart Load was followed by Pasa Load, a derivative service, allowing prepaid and postpaid subscribers to transfer even smaller denominations to other prepaid subscribers. Since 2005, Smart has offered fixed rate or “bucket” packages as a means of driving subscriber activations and stimulating usage. These bucket packages, which offer a fixed number of text messages or call minutes for a limited validity period, have proven to be popular with subscribers. Smart also offers unlimited voice and text packages under its various brands in order to be competitive and maintain industry leadership. Both bucket packages, and unlimited voice and text packages accounted for 45% of our cellular service revenues in 2014.

Smart Prepaid subscribers are charged Php6.50 per minute for calls to Smart Prepaid and Talk ‘N Text subscribers and Php7.50 per minute terminating to other cellular or fixed line networks. Talk ‘N Text calls to Talk ‘N Text subscribers are charged Php5.50 per minute while calls to Smart Prepaid and other cellular fixed line subscribers are charged Php6.50 per minute.

Sun Cellular has continued to offer its range of “unlimited” products and further introduced special product promotions. Sun Cellular introduced an enhanced version of its flagship Call and Text Unlimited services, which now includes unlimited tri-net calls and texts to all networks. For example, the Php100 denomination is valid for five days with unlimited tri-net calls and all-network texts plus unlimited Facebook access. There are also the following variants with longer validity periods and more free inclusions: Php150 provides Sun Call & Text Unlimited for 7 days with Php25 regular load and unlimited Facebook access, while Php450 is valid for 30 days and includes Php50 regular load and unlimited Facebook access. Recently, Sun Cellular launched Sun Power Text Unlimited 200 which gives subscribers 30 days of unlimited Sun texts, four hours of Sun-to-Sun calls and 1,000 texts to other networks.

Smart offers All In, Unli Voice and Text, and Unli Data postpaid plans with monthly service fees ranging from Php349 to Php3,000 for Smart Postpaid and from Php3,500 to Php8,000 for Smart Infinity plans. These plans are allocated with free calls, texts and data, and different rates in excess of allocation, depending on the monthly plan.

Sun Cellular offers postpaid services that enable subscribers to call, text and browse the internet wirelessly through postpaid plans with varying monthly service fees ranging from Php199 to Php3,500. Sun Cellular subscribers not availing of any Call and Text Unlimited service are charged Php5.50 per minute for calls to other Sun Cellular subscribers and Php6.50 to other networks. Local national direct dialing, or NDD, calls are likewise charged at Php10.00 per minute.

Smart subscribers pay an international direct dialing rate of US$0.40 per minute. This rate applies to most destinations, including the United States, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, United Kingdom and United Arab Emirates. Smart charges US$0.98 per minute for 27 other destinations and US$2.18 per minute for another ten destinations. Smart subscribers also have the option of calling at more affordable rates, even for as low as Php2.50 per minute, through Smart Sulit IDD reloadable card.

Sun Cellular offers an IDD rate of US$0.30 per minute to Japan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Australia, United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, Spain and over 100 other countries. Subscribers can also opt to avail themselves of any of Sun Cellular’s various promos, where the international calling rate is as low as Php1.50 per minute.

Distribution and Discounts

We sell our cellular services primarily through a network of independent dealers and distributors that generally have their own retail networks, direct sales forces and sub-dealers. We currently have 30 exclusive regional and 151 exclusive provincial distributors, and 118 key account dealers, 14 of which are exclusive. These dealers include major distributors of cellular handsets and broadband modems whose main focus is telecommunications outlets. Account managers from our sales force manage the distribution network and regularly update these business partners on upcoming marketing strategies, promotional campaigns and new products. With the introduction of Smart Load, Smart moved into a new realm of distribution. These over-the-air reloads, which were based on the “sachet” marketing concept of consumer goods, such as shampoo and ketchup, required a distribution network that approximates those of fast-moving consumer goods companies. Sun Cellular also offers over-the-air reloads through Sun’s Xpress Load. Starting with just 50,000 outlets when it was launched, our distribution network now encompasses approximately 1.55 million retailers with Smart and Sun Cellular combined. These retailers must be affiliated with one of Smart’s and Sun Cellular’s authorized dealers, distributors, sub-dealers or agents. With the prepaid reloading distribution network now extended to corner store and individual retailer levels and minimum reloading denominations as low as Php10, Smart’s prepaid service became more affordable and accessible to subscribers.

For prepaid services, we grant discounts to dealers for prepaid phone kits, modems, call and text cards and over-the-air reloads sold. Smart compensates dealers with Php45 to Php1,000 in cash discounts per unit depending on the price of the prepaid phone kit sold, whereas Sun Cellular’s cash discount of Php40 to Php220 varies based on the prepaid phone kit sold. Call and text cards and over-the-air reloads are sold at an average discount of approximately 8% and 9%, respectively for both Smart and Sun Cellular. Call and text cards cannot be returned or refunded and normally expire within 12 months after release from the Smart warehouse. The same policy is being applied by Sun Cellular.

Wireless Broadband, Satellite and Other Services

Overview

We currently provide wireless broadband, satellite and other services through SBI, DMPI and PDSI, our wireless broadband service providers; Chikka Group, our wireless content operator; ACeS Philippines, our satellite operator; and MVNO services from PLDT Global.

The following table shows information of our wireless broadband revenues and subscriber base as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	December 31,
	2014			2013			2012
Wireless Broadband Revenues	Php	10,019		Php	9,432		Php	8,606
Prepaid		3,173			2,823			2,467
Postpaid		6,846			6,609			6,139

Wireless Broadband Subscribers		2,986,146			2,453,826			2,359,024
Prepaid		2,142,566			1,669,618			1,587,160
Smart		1,795,039			1,359,862			1,231,092
Sun		347,527			309,756			356,068
Postpaid		843,580			784,208			771,864
Smart		514,327			549,347			495,802
Sun		329,253			234,861			276,062

Percentage of wireless broadband revenues to total wireless service revenues		9	%		8	%		8	%
Percentage of wireless broadband revenues to total service revenues		6	%		5	%		5	%

SBI

SBI offers SmartBro, a wireless broadband and data service being offered to residential consumers as well as small and medium-scale enterprises in the Philippines through the following technologies: 3G HSPA, 4G HSPA+, LTE, broadband-enabled base stations and WiMAX. SBI also offers HOMEBro, a fixed wireless broadband service being offered under PLDT’s Home megabrand. HOMEBro fixed wireless broadband service is powered either via a link to Smart’s wireless broadband-enabled base stations which allows subscribers to connect to the internet using an outdoor antenna installed in the subscriber’s home or via Smart’s WiMAX network. SBI’s wireless broadband revenue contribution increased by Php533 million, or 7%, to Php8,091 million in 2014 from Php7,558 million in 2013. As at December 31, 2014, we had 2,309,366 subscribers, an increase of 400,157 subscribers, or 21%, as compared with 1,909,209 subscribers as at December 31, 2013. SmartBro aims to strengthen our position in the wireless data service and complements PLDT’s myDSL service in areas where the latter is not available.

DMPI

Through DMPI, with its Sun Broadband Wireless service, we are engaged in providing wireless broadband and data services to residential consumers as well as small and medium-scale enterprises in the Philippines. DMPI’s Sun Broadband Wireless service offers internet users broadband wireless service with 3.5G HSPA technology on an all-IP network. Sun Broadband Wireless aims to strengthen our position in the wireless data service and complements PLDT’s myDSL service in areas where the latter is not available. Sun Broadband Wireless has plans and offerings ranging from Php250 to Php1,399 with speeds of up to 3.6 Megabits per second, or Mbps, except for Plan 1399 which has a speed of up to 7.2 Mbps. Sun Cellular also offers the SBW Gadget Bundle available under Plans 600 and 999, which comes with a free tablet and pocket WiFi. DMPI’s wireless broadband revenue contribution increased by Php54 million, or 3%, to Php1,928 million in 2014 from Php1,874 million in 2013. As at December 31, 2014, DMPI had 347,527 and 329,253 prepaid and postpaid broadband subscribers, respectively, as compared with 309,756 and 234,861 prepaid and postpaid broadband subscribers, respectively, in 2013.

PDSI

PDSI provides a suite of high-value IP-based products servicing corporate clients, such as wired and wireless leased line access with security and high availability option, managed services, VoIP and other value-added services such as server colocation and data center services.

ACeS Philippines

ACeS Philippines currently owns approximately 36.99% of ACeS International Limited, or AIL, provides satellite-based communications to users in the Asia-Pacific region through the ACeS System and ACeS Service. AIL has entered into interconnection agreements and roaming service agreements with PLDT and other major telecommunications operators that allow ACeS service subscribers to access GSM terrestrial cellular systems in addition to the ACeS System. Further, AIL has an amended ATPA with National Service Providers in Asia, including PLDT. See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits, Note 25 – Related Party Transactions and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion regarding the ATPA.

As part of the integration process of the PLDT Group’s wireless business, ACeS Philippines’ operations have been integrated into Smart. This operational integration effectively gives Smart the widest service coverage in the Philippines through the combination of the coverage of ACeS Philippines with Smart’s cellular service.

Revenues

Our revenues from wireless broadband, satellite and other services consist of wireless broadband service revenues of SBI, DMPI and PDSI, revenues from ACeS Philippines’ satellite information and messaging services, revenues from content and mobile applications services from Chikka Group; and service revenues generated from MVNO services of PLDT Global’s subsidiaries.

Rates

HOMEBro, SBI’s fixed wireless broadband service linked to Smart’s wireless broadband-enabled base stations, allows subscribers to connect to the internet using an outdoor aerial antenna installed in a subscriber’s home.

SBI offers mobile internet access through SmartBro Plug-It, a wireless modem, and SmartBro Pocket WiFi, a portable wireless router which can be shared by up to ten users at a time. Both provide instant connectivity in places where there is Smart network coverage. SmartBro Plug-It and SmartBro Pocket WiFi are available in both postpaid and prepaid variants. Standard browsing charge is Php5 for Bro prepaid and Php2.50 for Bro postpaid for a 15-minute internet access. We also have an additional array of load packages that offer per minute-based and volume-based charging and longer validity periods.

ACeS Philippines fixed/mobile service subscribers are charged Php15.00 per minute for local and mobile calls for on-net transactions, while off-net transactions are charged Php18.00 per minute. Rates for international long distance calls depend on the country of termination and range from US$0.35 per minute for frequently called countries to US$0.85 per minute for less frequently called countries.

Fixed Line

We provide local exchange, international long distance, national long distance, data and other network and miscellaneous services under our fixed line business.

We offer postpaid and prepaid fixed line services. Initially intended as an affordable alternative telephone service for consumers under difficult economic conditions, our prepaid fixed line services now form an important part of our overall churn and credit risk exposure management strategy.

Local Exchange Service

Our local exchange service, which consists of our basic voice telephony business, is provided primarily through PLDT. We also provide local exchange services through our subsidiaries – Philcom Group, BCC, PLDT Global and its subsidiaries, ClarkTel, SubicTel, SBI, PDSI, Maratel and Digitel. Together, these subsidiaries account for approximately 6% of our consolidated fixed line subscribers.

The following table summarizes key measures of our local exchange services as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013			2012

Number of local exchange line subscribers		2,207,889			2,069,419			2,063,794
Number of fixed line employees		7,466			7,415			7,546
Number of local exchange line subscribers per employee		296			279			273
Total local exchange service revenues (in millions)	Php	16,587		Php	16,274		Php	16,470
Local exchange service revenues as a percentage of total fixed line service revenues		25	%		26	%		28	%
Local exchange service revenues as a percentage of total service revenues		9	%		9	%		9	%

Revenues from our local exchange service amounted to Php16,587 million in 2014, Php16,274 million in 2013 and Php16,470 million in 2012. The increase in revenues in 2014 from 2013 was primarily due to higher weighted average postpaid billed lines, an increase in ARPU and higher installation and activation charges, partially offset by lower other local services. The decrease in revenues in 2013 from 2012 was primarily due to lower weighted average billed lines, and a decrease in ARPU on account of lower fixed charges due to the increase in demand for bundled voice and data services, partially offset by higher installation and activation charges. The percentage contribution of local exchange revenues to our total fixed line service revenues accounted for 25% in 2014, and 26% and 28% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Rates

Basic monthly charges for our local exchange service vary according to the type of customer (business or residential) and location, with charges for urban customers generally being higher than those for rural/provincial customers. Regular installation charges amount to Php1,100 for residential customers and Php1,500 for business customers. New products launched on a promotional basis or products bundled with existing services usually are combined with a waiver of the installation fee or allow for a minimal installation fee of Php500. Aside from basic monthly charges, we charge our postpaid subscribers separately for NDD, IDD and calls to mobile phones. Generally, calls between PLDT and other landlines within a local area code are free. Our prepaid fixed line customers do not pay a basic monthly charge but they can load a minimum amount of Php200, which will expire in a month, to have unlimited incoming calls. To make outbound calls, customers must top-up, as local calls are charged Php2.00 per call and tolls are charged separately depending on the type of call. Recently, the Php300 load plan was introduced to the market with 600 free local outgoing minutes and unlimited incoming calls for one month. To make outbound calls in excess of the free minutes, prepaid fixed line customers must top-up their load, with all local calls charged at Php2.00 per call while tolls are charged separately depending on the type of call.

PLDT offers both prepaid and postpaid PLP, where subscribers to the services benefit from a text-capable home phone which allows subscribers to bring the telephone set anywhere within the home zone area. These services are primarily intended for subscribers in areas where PLDT has no fixed cable facilities and is expected to increase our fixed line subscriber base.

Currently, the PLP postpaid regular service offers the following two plans: (i) Plan 600 and (ii) Plan 1,000, both of which include unlimited local outgoing calls. Another postpaid service currently offered is the Call All plan wherein PLP is bundled with PLDT fixed line service for a monthly service fee of Php850. PLDT also offers wireless broadband services bundled with voice, namely, Home Bundle 1299 and Internet@Home plans are offered in two plans with monthly service fees of Php990 and Php1,299.

For the PLP prepaid service, we now have the following three load plans being offered to the market: (i) Php300 load denomination with free 600 local outgoing minutes and unlimited incoming calls for one month; (ii) Php150 load denomination with free 250 local outgoing minutes and unlimited incoming calls valid for 15 days; and (iii) the new Php100 load denomination with 100 local outgoing minutes, 45MB-worth of internet and unlimited incoming calls valid for seven days. All prepaid plans charges Php2.00 per call in excess of free local outgoing minutes via top-up load.

Pursuant to a currency exchange rate adjustment, or CERA, a mechanism authorized by the NTC, we are allowed to adjust our postpaid monthly local service rates upward or downward by 1% for every Php0.10 change in the Philippine peso-to-U.S. dollar exchange rate relative to a base rate of Php11.00 to US$1.00. In a letter dated July 11, 2008, the NTC approved our request to implement a rate rationalization program for our local service rates. In 2014, we did not make any adjustment in our monthly local service rates. For a detailed description of these rates, see “– International Long Distance Service – Rates” and “– National Long Distance Service – Rates.”

In the first quarter of 2005, HB No. 926 was filed and is pending in the House of Representatives of the Philippines. The proposed bill provides for the cancellation of the currency exchange rate mechanism currently in place. If this bill is passed into law or if the NTC issues guidelines to change the basis of the currency exchange rate mechanism, our ability to generate U.S. dollar linked revenues from our local exchange business could be adversely affected.

International Long Distance Service

Our international long distance service consists of switched voice and packet-based voice services and data services that go through our IGFs. We also generate international long distance revenues through access charges paid to us by other Philippine telecommunications carriers for incoming international voice calls that terminate on our local exchange network. Our voice services are transmitted over the traditional TDM and IP networks. Revenues from our international long distance service amounted to Php11,404 million in 2014, Php11,422 million in 2013 and Php10,789 million in 2012.

The following table shows certain information about our international long distance services for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013			2012

Total call volumes (in million minutes)		2,028			2,185			2,150
Inbound call volumes (in million minutes)		1,739			1,806			1,691
Outbound call volumes (in million minutes)		289			379			459
Inbound-outbound call ratio (in minutes)		6.0:1			4.8:1			3.7:1
Total international long distance service revenues (in millions)	Php	11,404		Php	11,422		Php	10,789
International long distance service revenues as a percentage of total fixed line service revenues		18	%		18	%		18	%
International long distance service revenues as a percentage of total service revenues		6	%		6	%		6	%

In spite of the popularity of OTT services that offer free on-net calling services (e.g. Skype, Viber, Line, WhatsApp, etc.), international long distance service revenues were flat in 2014 due to sustained traffic volume from the Middle East and the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar.

We have been pursuing a number of initiatives to strengthen our international long distance service business, including: (i) adjusting our inbound termination rates; (ii) identifying and containing unauthorized traffic termination on our network; (iii) interconnecting popular communication service providers (like Skype and Viber); and (iv) introducing a number of marketing initiatives, including cuts in international direct dialing rates, innovative pricing packages for large accounts and loyalty programs for customers. In addition, PLDT Global is also enhancing the presence of PLDT in other international markets by offering products and services such as international prepaid calling cards, virtual mobile services, SMS transit and other global bandwidth services. We believe these strategies will help us maximize the use of our existing international facilities, and develop alternative sources of revenue.

The table below sets forth the net settlement amounts for international calls handled by PLDT, by country, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	Net Settlement
	2014		2013		2012
	(in millions)

Saudi Arabia	US$	93	US$	71	US$	49
United Arab Emirates		19		31		27
United States		17		22		19
Malaysia		10		9		7
Canada		9		11		7
Hong Kong		7		7		8
Japan		4		5		11
Taiwan		4		7		10
UK		3		5		4
Others		13		14		19

Total	US$	179	US$	182	US$	161

Rates

The average termination rate for PLDT was approximately US$0.09 per minute in 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Rates for outbound international long distance calls are based on type of service, whether operator-assisted or direct-dialed. Our rates are quoted in U.S. dollars and are billed in Philippine pesos. The Philippine peso amounts are determined at the time of billing. We charge a flat rate of US$0.40 per minute to retail customers for direct-dialed calls, applicable to all call destinations at any time on any day of the week.

We also offer international long distance service through PLDT Budget Card, a prepaid call card, which offers low-priced international calling services to 101 calling destinations/countries (including 12 Middle East destinations) with rates ranging from Php1.50 per minute to Php15.00 per minute. PLDT Budget Card comes in two denominations: Php100, which can be consumed within 30 days from first use, and Php200, which can be consumed within 60 days from first use.

We also offer lower international rates such as ID-DSL which has a monthly service fee of Php99 with 30 minutes of free calls to selected countries and a rate of as low as Php1.00 per minute for calls in excess of free minutes.

National Long Distance Service

Our national long distance services are provided primarily through PLDT. This service consists of voice services for calls made by our fixed line customers outside of their local service areas within the Philippines and access charges paid to us by other telecommunications carriers for wireless and fixed line calls carried through our backbone network and/or terminating to our fixed line customers. Revenues from our national long distance service amounted to Php4,365 million in 2014, Php4,583 million in 2013 and Php5,046 million in 2012.

The following table shows certain information about our national long distance services for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013			2012
Total call volumes (in million minutes)		819			852			971
Total national long distance service revenues (in millions)	Php	4,365		Php	4,583		Php	5,046
National long distance service revenue as a percentage of total fixed line service revenues		7	%		7	%		9	%
National long distance service revenue as a percentage of total service revenues		2	%		3	%		3	%

Cellular substitution and the widespread availability and growing popularity of alternative, more economical non-voice means of communications, particularly e-mailing, cellular text messaging and social networking sites, have negatively affected our national long distance call volumes and higher ARPU. Furthermore, certain promotions on our national long distance calling rates ended in 2014. The integration of some of our local exchanges into a single local calling area, as approved by the NTC, as well as the interconnection among local telcos, has also negatively affected our national long distance call volumes, and consequently, our revenues. Because of this integration, calls between two exchanges located within the same province are no longer considered national long distance calls but are treated as local calls.

Rates

Rates for national long distance calls traditionally were based on type of service, such as whether the call is operator-assisted or direct-dialed. However, in line with its move towards rate simplification, PLDT simplified these rates in recent years for calls originating from and terminating to the PLDT fixed line network and for calls terminating to fixed line networks of other LECs. PLDT also simplified its rates for calls terminating to cellular subscribers.

In addition, PLDT bundles the free PLDT-to-PLDT calls in some promotions and product/service launchings in order to stimulate fixed line usage.

We continue to evaluate the rate structure of our national long distance services from per minute toll charges to flat rates per call for calls of unlimited duration. This is envisioned to make fixed line rates more competitive with VoIP rates and to revitalize interest in fixed line usage. We continue to study various pricing models in respect of the above new rate plans.

PLDT currently has interconnection arrangements with the majority of other LECs, pursuant to which the originating carrier pays: (1) a hauling charge of Php0.50 per minute for short-haul traffic or Php1.25 per minute for long-haul traffic to the carrier owning the backbone network, and (2) an access charge ranging from Php1.00 per minute to Php3.00 per minute to the terminating carrier. PLDT still maintains revenue-sharing arrangements with a few other LECs, whereby charges are generally apportioned 30% for the originating entity, 40% for the backbone owner and the remaining 30% for the terminating entity.

Data and Other Network Services

Our data and other network service revenues include charges for broadband, leased lines and IP-based services. These services are used for broadband internet, and domestic and international private data networking communications.

The following table summarizes key measures of our data and other network services as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013			2012
Subscriber base:
Broadband		1,089,004			961,967			887,399
SWUP		35,869			30,302			22,720

Total data and other network service revenues (in millions)	Php	30,334		Php	27,472		Php	25,059
Domestic		21,848			19,917			18,436
Broadband		13,876			12,268			11,246
Leased Lines and Others		7,972			7,649			7,190

International
Leased Lines and Others		6,412			5,787			5,524

Data Center		2,074			1,768			1,099

Data and other network service revenues as a percentage of total fixed line service revenues		47	%		44	%		42	%
Data and other network service revenues as a percentage of total service revenues		17	%		15	%		14	%

Recognizing the growth potential of data and other networking services, including IP-based services, and in light of their importance to our business strategy, we have been putting considerable emphasis on these service segments. These segments registered the highest percentage growth in revenues among our fixed line services from 2012 to 2014. Revenues from our data and other network services amounted to Php30,334 million in 2014, Php27,472 million in 2013 and Php25,059 million in 2012.

The continuous upgrading of our network using next-generation facilities and the completion of our domestic fiber optic backbone has enabled us to offer a growing range of broadband and value-added services. With this and other technological upgrades, our infrastructure has developed from a traditional voice facility to a nationwide data network.

Domestic data services consist of broadband data services and leased lines and other data services.

In 2014, we continued to broaden our service offerings with the launch of new services and expansion or enhancement of some of our existing offerings.

At the start of 2013, PLDT introduced new bandwidth variants of DSL offerings for businesses with speeds as fast as 15 Mbps, and hardware bundle options where large enterprise customers are able to get top-of-the-line, branded IT devices of their choice together with their DSL. PLDT i-Gate, the direct internet access offering for corporate requirements, continued its strong performance due to an increase in sales and subscriber base.

Leased lines and other data services include: (i) Diginet, a domestic private leased line service, specifically supporting Smart’s fiber optic and leased line network requirements; (ii) IP-VPN, an end-to-end managed IP-based or Layer 3 data networking service that offers secure means to access corporate network resources; (iii) Metro Ethernet, a high-speed, Layer 2, wide area networking service that enables mission-critical data transfers; (iv) Shops.Work, a connectivity solution designed for retailers and franchisers, linking company branches to the head office; and (v) Shops.Work UnPlugged, or SWUP, a wireless VPN service that powers mobile point-of-sale terminals and off-site bank ATMs, as well as other retail outlets located in remote areas.

International leased lines and other data services consist mainly of: (i) i-Gate, our premium, direct internet access service, which continues to be the choice among enterprise users for dedicated internet connectivity, as bandwidth capability goes beyond 200 Mbps, where heavy users can be provided with as much as 1,000 Mbps of direct i-Gate internet bandwidth, complemented by industry-leading Service Level Agreements; (ii) Fibernet, which provides cost-effective and reliable bilateral point-to-point private data networking connectivity, through our extensive international alliances, to offshore and outsourcing, banking and finance, and semiconductor industries; and (iii) other international managed data services in partnership with other global service providers, which provide data networking services to multinational companies.

In 2013, PLDT launched a fully meshed and managed international platform to the U.S. and Hong Kong designed for automatic switching and rerouting in milliseconds that enables various international submarine cables to act as multiple protections while promoting single connectivity. This platform provides subscribers a combination of low latency and high capacity services and allows uninterrupted and dedicated communication for their business data, voice, video and other telecommunications service, as well as provides improved network performance and global service level experience.

VITRO^TM data center, the Philippines’ pioneer and only purpose-built network of data centers, provides colocation or rental services, server hosting, disaster recovery, business continuity services, and a host of managed ICT solutions to meet the growing ICT outsourcing needs of enterprise customers. The colocation business was the main growth driver in 2013 and was further boosted by revenues from cloud management, IT professional and VAS services, as well as increased licenses subscription.

PLDT completed and commercially launched the Philippines’ first carrier-grade cloud infrastructure in 2012. Following the launch, PLDT undertook a marketing campaign directed at both large enterprises and SMEs, which involved initiatives including customer events and free trial offers. PLDT’s cloud portfolio has grown to comprise infrastructure, platform and software solutions. PLDT has introduced customizable software solutions using the cloud infrastructure, in the areas of customer relationship management, supply chain management, human resources and payroll accounting, franchise management and others.

PLDT has initiated efforts to modernize its network, including through the deployment of FTTH technology which allows for high-speed internet connections at speeds of up to 100 Mbps. In addition to internet access, this technology is expected to support the offering of multimedia services, such as interactive video services, and to serve as a platform for the provision of cable television by facilitating the streaming of high-definition video.

PLDT is a three-time winner of the Metro Ethernet Forum,or MEF, Carrier Ethernet Award for Best Marketing Campaign. It is also the only Philippine telecommunications provider consistently nominated as an MEF finalist for Regional Service Provider of the Year, Best Carrier Ethernet Business Application and Best Wholesale Ethernet Service. PLDT was awarded the Retail Service Provider of the Year in the Asia-Pacific Region recognizing PLDT’s global competitiveness and leadership for international and domestic enterprise data services.

Miscellaneous

Miscellaneous services provide directory advertising, facilities management, rental fees and other services which are conducted through our wholly-owned subsidiary, ePLDT, which, together with its subsidiaries, is a broad-based integrated information and communications technology company. Revenues from our miscellaneous services amounted to Php2,474 million in 2014, Php2,119 million in 2013 and Php1,707 million in 2012.

Infrastructure

Wireless Network Infrastructure

Cellular

Through Smart and DMPI, we operate a digital GSM network. To meet the growing demand for cellular services, Smart and DMPI have implemented an extensive deployment program for its GSM network covering substantially all of Metropolitan Manila and most of the other population centers in the Philippines. As at December 31, 2014, Smart and DMPI have 74 mobile switching centers, 89 text messaging service centers and 26,242 cellular/broadband base stations, including 11,083 active 4G/HSPA+/LTE-base stations.

Smart has an operating spectrum of 7.5 MHz in the 900 band and 20 MHz in the 1800 band for its GSM network, and 15 MHz in the 2100 band and 10 MHz in the 850 band assigned for 3G W-CDMA. Smart was awarded a 3G license by the NTC in 2005 and received the largest radio frequency allocation of 15 MHz. Smart chose the 1920-1935 MHz and 2110-2125 MHz spectrum, the range that would best enable it to rapidly deploy its 3G network nationwide and at the same time offer a high quality of 3G service. CURE was assigned 10 MHz of 3G frequency bandwidth in the 1955-1965 and 2145-2155 MHz spectrum, which is the subject of the divestment plan as presented by PLDT to the NTC in relation to PLDT’s acquisition of Digitel. DMPI has a total operating spectrum of 17.5 MHz in the 1800 band and 10 MHz band in the 2100 band, with the latter under the 1935-1945 MHz and 2125-2135 MHz spectrum, contiguous to Smart’s 15 MHz spectrum. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Divestment of CURE to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

Smart has been colocating its cell sites where its base stations are installed. In addition, 32 of Smart’s mobile switching centers were housed in PLDT’s fixed line complexes as at December 31, 2014. These operational synergies have allowed Smart to reduce switch installation time from three months to five weeks. Due to its access to PLDT’s network facilities, Smart has been able to achieve significant capital expenditure savings, which capital expenditures are understood to be significantly less, on a per net addition basis, than its current competitors. This translates into an improved ability to price competitively and target the mass market subscriber base in the Philippines, while retaining profitability.

Smart has been continuously extending its 3G footprint. The 3G network revolutionizes mobile technology by providing more capacity, faster data rates and richer data and video applications from a 2G network. Smart has also been deploying its HSPA+ network in urban areas where there is a demand for mobile broadband applications and where HSPA+ mobile units are more likely to be available.

Smart launched its 4G LTE network in August 2012. To date, Smart has established its LTE network coverage with 1,426 LTE base stations in strategic locations in the Philippines. Forthcoming are deployments in select high traffic areas in the nation’s capital and strategic locations to benefit more members of the Philippine population.

Wireless Broadband, Satellite and Other Services

Smart Broadband operates a nationwide broadband wireless internet data services. It is operating in the 2.3, 2.6, 3.5 and 5.8 GHz spectrum, supporting its WiFi, Canopy, WiMAX and TDD-LTE services, respectively. It offers fixed wireless broadband internet connectivity to both residential and corporate clients. It also maintains and operates WiFi hotspots installations that serve mobile internet users. Smart also upgraded its 3G network to High-Speed Downlik Packet Access to provide users with high download data rates and an improved broadband experience. More than 3,800 of Smart’s base stations are now fixed/wireless broadband-capable, covering most of the key cities and the other populated centers in the country. These are strategically colocated in Smart’s cellular base stations that allow it to efficiently reach many subscribers. For its backbone, it uses the nationwide PLDT and Smart fiber optic and IP backbone that provide substantial bandwidth capacity to utilize and to grow on demand.

ACeS Philippines manages, controls and operates its own satellite gateway and other ground infrastructure, including a 13-meter feeder-link C-band earth station, beam congruency antenna and equipment that serve as the primary interface between the ACeS System and other telecommunications networks.

Fixed Line Network Infrastructure

Domestic

Our domestic telephone network includes installed telephones and other equipment, such as modems on customers’ premises, copper and fiber access lines referred to as “outside plant connecting customers to our exchanges,” inter-exchange fiber optics connecting exchanges, and long distance transmission equipment with unmatched capacity and reach. We have a total of 295 central office exchanges nationwide as at December 31, 2014 and are continuously expanding the wireline infrastructure in areas we believe are unserved and underserved areas enabling our customers to access to the Philippines’ largest network and to the rest of the world.

We are continuing the upgrade of our fixed line facilities to fully IP-based platforms that can deliver voice and data services using a copper or fiber line to the customer with improved quality of service. This migration initiative enables us to fully replace the aging Public Switched Telephone Network, or PSTN, and transfer existing customers to these newer platforms, in an effort to ensure the best service for new customers of voice and data services for their present and future needs. We expect to complete the upgrading of our fixed line facilities in 2015, providing subscribers with a diversified range of telecommunication services using IP technology.

One of these platforms, FTTH, is an advanced access technology that employs fiber optics all the way up to customer premises. To realize this, we are building a fiber distribution network that will connect homes and other premises to further ensure good internet quality even kilometers away from the serving exchange. This new optical fiber distribution network will eventually replace conventional copper cable. At present, FTTH is potentially capable of delivering up to 2.5 Gigabits per second, or Gbps, download speed. Its huge bandwidth, when tapped, could enable us to deliver high-bandwidth content and services to our subscribers. These include high definition broadcast television, video-on-demand, and other new services now being offered by leading telecommunications companies outside the Philippines. We have been testing FTTH since 2006 and in 2012 began deploying FTTH in high-end and selected upper middle villages in Metropolitan Manila. We are currently deploying FTTH in greenfield areas.

For many years up until today, PLDT has been using the poles of Meralco in Metropolitan Manila and in the rest of Meralco’s service areas for PLDT’s outside plant aerial cable pursuant to lease agreements with Meralco.

We are also continually upgrading our data and transport networks to our fully IP-based platforms. This enables us to retire our old data network and provide new capabilities for our corporate data customers such as enhanced visibility into their network and better quality of service. We also expect to complete this project in 2015 and intend to continually evolve our infrastructure to cater to future technology.

Our network includes an internet gateway that is composed of high capacity and high performance routers that serve as our IP network gateway connecting the Philippines to the rest of the world. It provides premium and differentiated internet service to all types of customers ranging from ordinary broadband to high bandwidth internet requirements of corporate customers, knowledge processing solution providers, ISPs and even other service providers.

Furthermore, we have several networks that provide domestic and international connectivity for corporate customers and other carriers. These include the Multi-Service Access Platform, or MSAP, based on Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, or SDH, technology and legacy data networks that provide wide range of bandwidth from low speed to high speed capacity up to 1 Gbps. These MSAP networks are deployed in strategic areas nationwide.

In 2014, we completed Phase 5 deployment of our Carrier Ethernet Network, or CEN, to serve the growing demand for high bandwidth or up to 10 Gbps Ethernet services from the corporate segment and prepare the network for efficient delivery of multimedia services. Carrier Ethernet service is a global standard for secure, scalable, resilient, cost effective, and high bandwidth point-to-point or multi-point connectivity using the simple and ubiquitous Ethernet technology delivered through PLDT’s MEF certified CEN. It supports enterprise requirements such as data storage, headquarter to branch connectivity, headquarter to disaster recovery site connectivity, cloud services and backhaul for mobile/LTE services. PLDT CEN also serves as aggregation point for NGN and FTTH access nodes.

We likewise have an IP backbone network, or IPBB, composed of high-capacity, high-performance core and edge routers that provide IP connectivity to the different network elements built for PLDT, Smart, subsidiaries and affiliates and corporate customers. It serves as the common and highly resilient IP transport platform for all IP-based services of the PLDT Group.

The PLDT DFON is a nationwide backbone network. The DFON is comprised of 11,807 kilometers of fiber optic cable installed across the country connecting its major islands. It is the first fiber optic backbone network in the country and is used to deliver voice, video, data, and other broadband and multimedia services nationwide. It is comprised of nodes connected by terrestrial and submarine cable links configured in ten loops and two appendages extending to Palawan and Zamboanga. The DFON loops provide self-healing and alternative segment route protection for added resiliency against single and multiple fiber breaks along the different segments. The DFON uses the ROADM and 10/40/100G technology which give it greater flexibility for capacity and expansion. The network also includes interconnectivity among the three international cable landing stations of PLDT with its own backhaul capacity and resiliency under the same DFON platform. To date, the network has an aggregated loop capacity of nearly 6 Terabits per second. The DFON is complemented by a terrestrial microwave backbone network to deliver services to remote areas unreachable by the fixed terrestrial transport network. Both the DFON and IPBB serve as the common high bandwidth Fiber Optic Cable-based backbone for the PLDT Group.

Aside from the DFON and IPBB, the PLDT Group has embarked on further synergy initiatives to rationalize and integrate its networks which include, among others, the outside plant, the DSL network, the IP backbone, the transmission systems, the internet gateway, international voice gateway, the PSTN, and NGN. These initiatives are expected to complement and enhance coverage and capacity for all networks in the PLDT Group.

We are continually integrating Digitel’s fixed line to PLDT’s infrastructure. Digitel has a legacy PSTN network in all of its service areas in Luzon and Metropolitan Manila and also has a DSL network deployed in a majority of its service areas. Digitel has a Luzon-wide transmission system consisting of microwave radio and fiber optics systems used to connect transit exchanges and other operators. The majority of Digitel’s transmission network runs on microwave radio systems. Digitel has its own IP backbone, internet gateway and international voice gateway.

Considering the similarity of technology used, service coverage and products being offered, we believe there are significant potential gains for cost efficiency through a converged network. Customer care systems and operation support systems are also being rationalized and integrated to align with the converged network.

International

PLDT provides international network services via two international gateways located in the cities of Makati and Lucena. PLDT has two IP softswitches that have replaced the two legacy switches which have previously been used to support international voice services. As at December 31, 2014, PLDT’s international long distance facilities allow direct correspondence with 84 foreign carriers from 41 countries and can reach almost a thousand foreign destinations (including fixed and mobile network destination “breakouts”, or specific areas within a country) worldwide.

PLDT also owns interests in submarine cable systems, through which it routes all international voice and data traffic, as well as private data lines.

The table below shows the submarine cable systems in which PLDT has interests and the countries or territories they link:


Cable System		Countries Being Linked

Asia-Pacific Cable Network 2, or APCN2		Philippines, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, China and Taiwan
SEA-ME-WE-3		Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Philippines, Vietnam, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, Thailand, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Cyprus, Turkey, Greece, Italy, Morocco, Portugal, France, UK, Belgium and Germany
China-United States Cable Network, or CUCN		Japan, China, Taiwan, Korea, Guam and the U.S. Mainland
FLAG Cable		Japan, Korea, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand, India, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Italy, Spain and UK
Southern Cross Cable		U.S. Mainland, Hawaii, Fiji, Australia and New Zealand
East Asia Crossing, or EAC Cable		Japan, Hong Kong, Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and the Philippines
Pacific Crossing-1, or PC1, Japan-U.S., TGN-P, Unity		Japan and the U.S.
AAG Cable Network, or AAG		Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei, Hong Kong, Philippines, Guam, Hawaii and the U.S. Mainland
Asia Submarine-cable Express, or ASE		Philippines, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong
TGN-IA		Hong Kong and Japan

PLDT, in partnership with leading telecommunications firms in Asia, completed the construction of the ASE optical fiber cable expansion to Hong Kong in February 2013. The 7,800-kilometer undersea cable network uses 40 Gbps technology that is upgradeable to 100 Gbps, with a minimum design capacity of 15 Terabits. With its landing station at Daet, Camarines Norte, the ASE provides the first and only direct cable connection from the Philippines to Japan that avoids the earthquake-prone sea south of Taiwan, through which the other cable systems pass.

The APCN2 Stage 2f upgrade and AAG upgrade #2 projects were completed in February 2014 and March 2014, respectively. These equipment upgrades provided PLDT with additional capacities using 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps technologies. PLDT also acquired TGN Intra-Asia (TGN-IA) and additional transpacific (Japan-US) capacities in Unity, Japan-US Cable Network, TGN-P and PC1. Further, PLDT participated in the APCN2 Stage 2g upgrade and ASE upgrade #2 utilizing 100 Gbps technology. The two upgrades were completed in November 2014.

The extent of PLDT’s international cable infrastructure provides not only significant capacity in support of the business, it also ensures resiliency and redundancy in order to minimize service disruptions and guarantee continuity of service. PLDT’s international cable network improves reliability and enables it to offer services with automatic switching.

Interconnection Agreements

Since the issuance of E.O. No. 59 in 1993, which requires non-discriminatory interconnection of Philippine carriers’ networks, we have entered into bilateral interconnection arrangements with other Philippine fixed line and cellular carriers.

In January 2009, the access charge for domestic calls from one fixed line to a fixed line in another network was updated to the range of Php1.00 per minute to Php3.00 per minute while the access charge for calls from fixed line to CMTS was updated to Php4.00 per minute. The access charge for CMTS calls to fixed line network remained at Php3.00 per minute.

PLDT is an Inter-Exchange Carrier providing transit service among CMTS, LEC operators including the PAPTELCO and non-PAPTELCO. Transit is a service being provided by PLDT to connect calls from one carrier to other carriers most of which have no direct interconnection. Since January 2009, PLDT’s transit fee remains at Php0.50 per minute for short haul (intra-island), Php1.25 per minute for long-haul (inter-island) and Php1.14 per minute for CMTS calls.

PLDT has continually and actively negotiated with other legitimate Philippine fixed and CMTS carriers for interconnection based on the guidelines being issued by the NTC or any authorized government agency. These carriers include the major fixed and mobile players in the industry with nationwide operations, PAPTELCO and other non-PAPTELCO players, both of which usually operate in selected towns in the countryside. As at December 31, 2014, PAPTELCO has 41 member companies, of which 31 are active, operating 78 main telephone exchanges in the countryside.

As at December 31, 2014, the PLDT Group is interconnected with 99 foreign carriers from 42 countries reaching almost a thousand international destinations (including fixed and mobile breakouts worldwide).

The average international termination rate for calls to PLDT was retained at approximately US$0.09 per minute in 2014. Despite the global trend towards reductions in wholesale international termination rates, PLDT has only implemented modest rate reductions since 2009. Also, PLDT carries international calls terminating at Smart and Sun Cellular network where it has no direct interconnections.

The access charge for SMS from Smart to other CMTS operators and vice versa was reduced from Php0.35 per SMS to Php0.15 per SMS effective November 30, 2011, as mandated by the NTC through Memorandum Circular No. 02-10-2011.

Licenses and Regulations

Licenses

PLDT, SubicTel, ClarkTel, Philcom, Digitel, Smart, SBI, DMPI and CURE provide telecommunications services pursuant to legislative franchises which will expire, in the case of PLDT, on November 28, 2028; in the case of SubicTel, on January 22, 2020; in the case of ClarkTel, on June 30, 2024; in the case of Philcom, in November 2019; in the case of Digitel, in February 2019; in the case of Smart, on March 27, 2017 and with respect to spectrum transferred from PCEV, on May 14, 2019; in the case of SBI, on July 14, 2022; in the case of DMPI, on December 11, 2027; and in the case of CURE, on April 24, 2026, although PLDT has agreed to divest the CURE spectrum as a part of the NTC decision with respect to PLDT’s acquisition of a controlling interest in Digitel. A franchise holder is required to obtain operating authority from the NTC to provide specific telecommunications services authorized under its franchise. These approvals may take the form of a CPCN, or, while an application for a CPCN is pending, a provisional authority to operate. Provisional authorities are typically granted for a period of 18 months. The Philippine Revised Administrative Code of 1987 provides that if the grantee of a license or permit, such as a CPCN or provisional authority, has made timely and sufficient application for the extension thereof, the existing CPCN or provisional authority will not expire until the application is finally decided upon by the administrative agency concerned.

PLDT

PLDT operates its business pursuant to a number of provisional authorities and CPCNs, the terms of which will expire at various dates between now and 2028. The CPCNs pursuant to which PLDT may provide services to most of the Metropolitan Manila area, Davao and other Philippine cities expired in 2003. Although some of PLDT’s CPCNs and provisional authorities have already expired, PLDT filed applications for extension of these CPCNs and provisional authorities prior to their respective expiration dates and is therefore entitled to continue to conduct its business under its existing CPCNs and provisional authorities pending the NTC’s decision on these extensions. PLDT expects that the NTC will grant these extensions; however, there can be no assurance that this will occur. The periods of validity of some of PLDT’s CPCNs have been extended further by the NTC to November 28, 2028, coterminous with PLDT’s current franchise under R.A. 7082. Motions to extend the period of validity of the other CPCNs to November 28, 2028 have been granted by the NTC. See Item 3. “Key Information – Risk Factors – Risk Factors Relating to The Company and Its Business – Our business is significantly affected by governmental laws and regulations, including regulations in respect of our franchises, rates and taxes, and laws relating to anti-competitive practices and monopoly” for further discussion.

On July 17, 2009, the NTC granted PLDT a provisional authority under NTC Case No. 2006-078 to operate in the seven areas in Albay not covered by existing CPCNs or authorizations, thereby authorizing it to operate nationwide.

On August 31, 2011, the NTC rendered its decision in NTC Case No. 2011-030 granting provisional authority for PLDT to participate in the ownership, construction and maintenance of the ASE submarine cable network and further authorizing PLDT to construct the Philippine terminal station thereof in Daet, Province of Camarines Norte. The said provisional authority was valid for 18 months from receipt thereof by PLDT or up to February 28, 2013. PLDT filed an application for extension of its provisional authority on February 12, 2013. On July 5, 2013, the NTC granted PLDT a CPCN for a period of ten years based on its franchise under R.A. 7082.

Digitel

Digitel operates its business pursuant to a number of provisional authorities and CPCNs. Under these CPCNs, Digitel may provide services to: (a) install, operate, maintain and develop telecommunications facilities in Regions I to V; (b) install, operate and maintain telephone systems/networks/services in Quezon City, Valenzuela City and Malabon, Metropolitan Manila and Tarlac; (c) install, operate and maintain an IGF in Binalonan, Pangasinan; (d) install, operate and maintain an IGF in Metropolitan Manila; (e) operate and maintain a National Digital Transmission Network; (f) install, operate, and maintain a nationwide CMTS using GSM and/or CDMA technology; and (g) install, operate and maintain a cable landing station. Digitel was also granted provisional authority to install, operate and maintain LECs in the National Capital Region.

Smart

Smart operates its cellular, international long distance and national long distance services pursuant to CPCNs, the terms of which will expire upon the expiration of its franchise.

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On July 22, 2002, Smart was granted separate CPCNs to operate a CMTS and an IGF.

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On August 26, 2002, Smart was granted a CPCN to install, operate and maintain nationwide global mobile personal communications via satellite which will also expire upon expiration of its franchise on March 27, 2017.

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On February 19, 2008, Smart was granted a CPCN to establish, install, maintain, lease and operate an international private leased circuit for a term that is coterminous with the expiration of its franchise. Prior to that, Smart was permitted to engage in these activities pursuant to a provisional authority and timely filed an application for the grant of such CPCN.

On September 29, 2009, Smart was granted a provisional authority to install, operate and maintain a nationwide data communications network which was valid for 18 months or up to March 29, 2011 and which was subsequently extended until March 28, 2014. On February 11, 2014, Smart filed a motion for extension with the NTC, which motion remains pending as at March 26, 2015.

The NTC issued an order dated September 25, 2013, extending Smart’s provisional authority to construct, install, operate and maintain a nationwide public calling office and payphone service from January 4, 2013 up to January 4, 2017.

On December 29, 2005, Smart was awarded a 3G license by the NTC after being ranked the highest among the competing operators with a perfect score on a 30-point grading system designed to gauge the capability of telecommunication operators to effectively provide extensive 3G services. As a result, Smart received the largest radio frequency allocation of 15 MHz as well as first choice of frequency spectrum. Smart chose the 1920-1935 MHz and 2110-2125 MHz spectrums. Smart is required to pay annual license fees of Php115 million based on the 15 MHz of paired spectrum awarded to Smart.

The NTC awarded Smart additional spectrum in the frequency band 825-835/870-880 MHz for 3G use on March 6, 2008, in respect of which Smart paid the NTC the spectrum user fee, or SUF, of Php150 million based on the additional 10 MHz of 3G frequencies.

DMPI

On August 28, 2003, the NTC approved the assignment by Digitel of its authority to construct, install, operate and maintain a nationwide CMTS using GSM and/or CDMA technology to its wholly-owned subsidiary, DMPI. DMPI operates under the trade name Sun Cellular and is also a grantee of a 25-year legislative franchise under R.A. 9180, which will expire on December 11, 2027. DMPI was also awarded a 3G license by the NTC with 10 MHz radio frequency allocation.

SBI

On January 8, 2010, the NTC approved the transfer to SBI of PCEV’s CPCN to establish, construct, operate and maintain a nationwide CMTS and PCEV is now an investment holding company. The CPCN for CMTS transferred to SBI had a validity of 15 years from the date of issuance or until August 18, 2012, which was extended for a period coterminous with the life of SBI’s franchise, or July 2022, by order of the NTC on November 8, 2012.

SBI is a grantee of a 25-year legislative franchise under R.A. 8337 to construct, install, establish, maintain, lease and operate wire and/or wireless telecommunications system throughout the Philippines. The franchise will expire on July 14, 2022.

On August 26, 2009, the NTC granted SBI a CPCN for the installation, operation and maintenance of the data leased channel circuit network service for a period coterminous with the life of its existing franchise. SBI is a grantee of a provisional authority for the expansion of its data leased channel circuit network service in several areas in Zamboanga Sibugay, Sultan Kudarat, Southern Leyte, Biliran, Compostela Valley, Davao Oriental, Dinagat Island and Shariff Kabunsuan. The provisional authority was valid for 18 months from September 29, 2009 and expired on March 29, 2011. SBI filed a motion for issuance of CPCN or extension of provisional authority on March 2, 2011. The motion remains pending resolution by the NTC as at March 26, 2015. SBI is also a grantee of a provisional authority for the installation, operation and maintenance of international leased line service that was valid up to February 2005 and the motion for extension remains pending with the NTC as at March 26, 2015.

CURE

CURE is a grantee of a 25-year congressional franchise under R.A. 9130, which will expire on April 24, 2026, to construct, install, establish, maintain, lease and operate wire and/or wireless telecommunications system throughout the Philippines. The NTC granted CURE a provisional authority to install, operate and maintain a nationwide 3G network on January 3, 2006 valid for 18 months, which was subsequently extended for three years from January 4, 2007 until January 3, 2010. On December 3, 2009, CURE filed a motion for the issuance of CPCN or extension of its provisional authority. CURE had also submitted its roll-out plan to the NTC on January 4, 2010. As at the date of this annual report, this motion is still pending with the NTC. The congressional franchise, spectrum and associated permits of CURE are expected to be divested as part of the NTC decision with respect to the Digitel acquisition. See Item 4. “Information on the Company – Development Activities (2012-2014) – Divestment of CURE” for further information.

PDSI

PDSI is a grantee of a 25-year congressional franchise under R.A. 8992 which will expire on January 26, 2026 to construct, install, establish, operate and maintain for commercial purposes and in the public interest, the business of providing basic and enhanced telecommunications services in and between provinces and municipalities in the Philippines and between the Philippines and other countries and territories.

PDSI is a holder of a provisional authority issued by the NTC to construct, install, operate and maintain an information and data communication network in key cities and municipalities in the Philippines on December 22, 2005 with validity of 18 months or until June 22, 2007, which has been successively extended by the NTC thereafter. Most recently, on May 7, 2014, the NTC issued an order extending the provisional authority of PDSI for another three years, or up to June 22, 2017 with the following conditions: (1) PDSI shall (i) infuse additional capital in the amount of Php942,538,850 or (ii) convert its other assets into equity, in each case, within two years from the date of the order to meet the minimum 70:30 debt to equity ratio requirement; (2) PDSI shall ensure continuous provision of service; and (3) during the prescribed period, PDSI shall pay annual SRF and all other fees and charges which the Commission may impose pursuant to the existing laws, rules and regulations.

The following table sets forth the spectrum system, licensed frequency and bandwidth used by Smart, Digitel, SBI, CURE and PDSI:


Carrier	Spectrum System	Frequency Assignment	Bandwidth

Smart	ETACS/GSM 900	897.5-905/942.5-950 MHz	7.5 MHz
	GSM 1800	1725-1730/1820-1825 MHz	5.0 MHz
		1730-1732.5/1825-1827.5 MHz	2.5 MHz
		1735-1740/1830-1835 MHz	5.0 MHz
		1745-1750/1840-1845 MHz	5.0 MHz
		1780-1782.5/1875-1877.5 MHz	2.5 MHz
	3G (W-CDMA)	1920-1935/2110-2125 MHz	15.0 MHz
		825-835/870-880 MHz	10.0 MHz

Digitel	GSM 1800	1760-1775/1855-1870 MHz	15.0 MHz
		1782.5-1785/1877.5-1880 MHz	2.5 MHz
		1935-1945/2125-2135 MHz	10.0 MHz
		2520-2535 MHz	15.0 MHz

SBI	AMPS/CDMA	824-825/869-870 MHz	1.0 MHz
		845-846.5/890-891.5 MHz	1.5 MHz

	Wireless broadband	2670-2690 MHz⁽¹⁾	20.0 MHz
		2400-2483.5 MHz⁽¹⁾	73.0 MHz
		3400-3590 MHz⁽¹⁾	94.0MHz
		5470-5850 MHz⁽¹⁾	123.0MHz

CURE	3G	1955-1965/2145-2155 MHz⁽²⁾	10.0 MHz

PDSI	BWA (WiMAX)	2332.5-2362.5MHz	30.0 MHz

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SBI frequency assignments on these bands are non-contiguous and are on a per station and location basis.

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The congressional franchise, spectrum and associated permits of CURE are expected to be divested as part of the NTC decision with respect to the Digitel acquisition. See “Item 4. Information on the Company — Development Activities (2012-2014) — Divestment of CURE” for further information.

Material Effects of Regulation on our Business

Operators of IGFs and cellular telephone operators, pursuant to E.O. No. 109, are required to install a minimum number of local exchange lines. Of these new lines, operators are required to install one rural exchange line for every ten urban exchange lines installed. Smart and PCEV were required to install 700,000 and 400,000 rural lines, respectively, and each has received a certificate of compliance from the NTC.

PLDT, SubicTel, ClarkTel, Philcom, Smart, Digitel, PCEV, SBI and CURE are required to pay various permits, regulation and supervision fees to the NTC. PLDT was previously engaged in disputes with the NTC over some of the assessed fees.

The NTC has issued a number of directives that regulate the manner in which we conduct our business:

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On July 3, 2009, the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 03-07-2009, imposing an extension of the expiration of the prepaid loads from two months to various expiration periods ranging from three days to 120 days. Smart and DMPI have been implementing the new validity period of prepaid loads since July 19, 2009.

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On July 7, 2009, the NTC amended its rules on broadcast messaging in Memorandum Circular No. 04-07-2009, which prohibits content and/or information providers from initiating push messages. It further requires that requests for services must be initiated by the subscribers and not forced upon them by the public telecommunications entities and/or content providers. It further mandates that subscribers be sent a notification when they subscribe for any service and be given an option whether to continue with the availed service.

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On July 23, 2009, the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 05-07-2009 mandating cellular operators, including Smart, to charge calls on a maximum six-second per pulse basis instead of the previous per minute basis whether the subscriber is prepaid or postpaid. The NTC granted Smart the provisional authority to charge new rates and implement six-second per pulse scheme on December 5, 2009. Smart subsequently implemented the six-second per pulse directive by billing on a six-second per pulse basis, if subscribers entered additional dialing numbers as a prefix before the actual number. The NTC opposed Smart’s implementation of the six-second per pulse directive. In December 2009, Smart and other CMTS providers challenged the implementation of the NTC memorandum circular before the Court of Appeals, which issued a writ of preliminary injunction preventing the NTC from implementing its six-second per pulse billing directive. On December 28, 2010, the Court of Appeals promulgated a decision finding that the NTC had no basis to impose the rates it fixed for the six-second per pulse and that the CMTS operators have the option to file their rate applications anew. However, the Court ruled also that under the NTC memorandum circular, the six-second per pulse is the default mode and that the NTC has the power to regulate the rates of CMTS providers under Section 17 of R.A. 7925, even in the absence of ruinous competition, monopoly, cartel or combination thereof in restraint of free competition. The NTC, through the Office of the Solicitor General filed a motion for partial reconsideration of the decision which Smart opposed. Smart and the other petitioners, except DMPI, likewise filed separate motions for partial reconsideration. The Court of Appeals denied all motions for reconsideration on January 19, 2012. Smart and CURE filed their petitions for review with the Supreme Court on March 15, 2012 and March 12, 2012, respectively. The six-second per pulse billing scheme is expected to have a negative impact on Smart’s revenue, profit and ARPU as this is expected to decrease the amount of time billed per call as a result of moving to shorter billing intervals of six seconds from the previous one minute.

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On February 18, 2011, the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 01-02-2011 which among others required mobile phone providers like Smart and DMPI to make internet access through mobile phones optional; inform their subscribers of charges for internet access through mobile phones; and remind subscribers through SMS if at least 50% of credit limit has already been consumed.

•

On October 24, 2011, the NTC issued Memorandum Circular No. 02-10-2011 which mandates that interconnection charge for SMS between two separate networks shall not be higher than Php0.15 per SMS. Accordingly, Smart amended its interconnection amendments with other SMS providers in compliance with the circular. However, the NTC issued a show cause order dated December 12, 2011 requiring it to explain in writing within 15 days from receipt of the order why it has not lowered SMS retail rates despite the issuance of Memorandum Circular No. 02-10-2011. Smart and DMPI filed their answers on January 12, 2012, arguing, among others, that the circular does not mandate the reduction of SMS retail rates and that the NTC has no power to impose rates on mobile operators. On November 20, 2012, the NTC rendered a Decision directing Smart to reduce the retail price of users sending regular SMS to users on other networks from Php1.00 to Php0.80 or less; refund or reimburse its subscribers for the excess Php0.20 per off-net SMS; pay a fine of Php200 per day from December 1, 2011 until the date of compliance with the decision; and submit documents, records and reports pertaining to SMS sent to other networks. Smart filed a motion for reconsideration which was subsequently denied by the NTC in its resolution dated May 7, 2014. Smart then filed a petition for review at the Court of Appeals. On October 17, 2014, the 6^th division of the Court of Appeals issued a resolution granting the temporary restraining order requested by Smart and directing the NTC not to enforce its decision and resolution. In a resolution promulgated on November 28, 2014, the Court of Appeals ordered the consolidation of Globe’s petition with Smarts’s and DMPI’s petitions. The application for preliminary injunction remains pending as at the date of this annual report.

•

On December 19, 2011, the NTC issued a Decision in NTC ADM Case 2009-048 which lowered the interconnection charge between LEC and CMTS to Php2.50 per minute from Php4.00 per minute for LEC to CMTS and Php3.00 per minute from CMTS to LEC. PLDT and Smart individually filed on February 1, 2012 and January 20, 2012, respectively, separate motions for reconsideration arguing (among other things) that interconnection, including the rates thereof, should be, by law, a product of bilateral negotiations between the parties and that the decision to set lower rates was unconstitutional as an invalid exercise by the NTC of its quasi-legislative powers and violates the constitutional guarantee against non-impairment of contracts. The NTC denied the motion and PLDT and Smart appealed to the Court of Appeals, reiterating among other things, that the NTC erred in ruling that all LECs are automatically entitled to a cross-subsidy; that the NTC decision violates PLDT and Smart’s right to due process; and that the NTC decision violates the constitutional proscription against non-impairment of contracts. On December 12, 2014, the Court of Appeals granted Smart’s petition for review and set aside the NTC decision dated December 19, 2011. PAPTELCO has also filed a motion for reconsideration which remains pending.

See Item 3. “Key Information – Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Us – Our business is significantly affected by governmental laws and regulations, including regulations in respect of our franchises, rates and taxes, and laws relating to anti-competitive practices and monopoly” for further discussion.

In order to diversify the ownership base of public utilities, the Public Telecommunications Policy Act R.A. 7925, requires a telecommunications entity with regulated types of services to make a public offering through the stock exchanges of its shares representing at least 30% of its aggregate common shares within five years from: (a) the date the law became effective; or (b) the entity’s commencement of commercial operations, whichever date is later. PLDT and PCEV have complied with this requirement. However, Smart and DMPI have not conducted a public offering of its shares. If Smart and DMPI are found to be in violation of R.A. 7925, this could result in the revocation of the franchises of Smart and DMPI and in the filing of a quo warranto case against Smart and DMPI by the Office of the Solicitor General of the Philippines. See Item 3. “Key Information – Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Us – The franchise of Smart and DMPI may be revoked due to their failure to conduct a public offering of their shares” for further discussion.

On April 14, 2009, the NTC released the implementing guidelines on developing reference access offers, which are statements of the prices, terms and conditions under which a telecommunications carrier proposes to provide access to its network or facilities to another such carrier or value-added service provider.

Competition

Including us, there are three major LECs, eight major IGF providers and two major cellular operators in the Philippines. Some new entrants into the Philippine telecommunications market have entered into strategic alliances with foreign telecommunications companies, which provide them access to technological and funding support as well as service innovations and marketing strategies. However, barriers to entry are quite high given the amount of investment needed to be made by new entrants in order to match the infrastructure of the existing operators.

Cellular Service

Currently, there are only two major cellular operators, namely us and Globe, following our acquisition of the Digitel Group in October 2011. Cellular market penetration in the Philippines is in excess of 100% based on SIM ownership.

Competition in the cellular telecommunications industry has intensified starting the middle of 2010 with greater availability of unlimited offers from the telecommunications operators resulting in increased volumes of calls and texts but declining yields. Even after PLDT’s acquisition of the Digitel Group in the last quarter of 2011, Globe continued to compete aggressively to gain revenue market share, albeit on a more regional/localized basis. Competition also increased in the postpaid space with more aggressive promotions involving greater handset subsidies. The principal bases of competition are price, including handset prices in the case of postpaid plans, quality of service, network reliability, geographic coverage and attractiveness of packaged services.

As at December 31, 2014, our network leads the industry in terms of coverage with a total of 26,242 cellular/broadband base stations, including 11,083 active 4G/HSPA+/LTE-base stations.

Consistent with industry practice and Smart’s churn management efforts, Smart “locks” the handsets it sells to its subscribers, rendering them incompatible with SIM cards issued by competitors and thereby hindering them from swapping the existing SIM for a SIM of a competing operator. However, subscribers can have their handsets “unlocked” by unauthorized parties for a nominal fee and purchase new SIM cards from competing operators. “Unlocking” does not involve significant cost to the subscribers. Switching to another cellular operator would, however, result in a change of the subscriber’s cellular telephone number.

In order to avail themselves of promotions and cost efficient network-to-network calling rates, cellular subscribers in the Philippines have increasingly been subscribing to the services of multiple wireless operators. As a result, the increases in 2014, 2013 and 2012 in our cellular subscriber base and the penetration rate of the wireless market in the Philippines were primarily attributable to such “multiple SIM card ownership.”

Local Exchange Service

The concerted nationwide local exchange line build-out by various providers, as mandated by the Philippine government, significantly increased the number of fixed line subscribers in the country and resulted in wider access to basic telephone service. The growth of the fixed line market, however, remained weak due to the surge in demand for cellular services and, in the past, the general sluggishness of the Philippine economy. Nevertheless, we have sustained our leading position in the fixed line market on account of PLDT’s extensive network in key cities nationwide. In most areas, we face one or two competitors. Our principal competitors in the local exchange market are Bayan and Globe-Innove, which provide local exchange service through both fixed and fixed wireless landline services.

There are currently three major fixed wireless landline services in the market that resemble a cellular phone service but provide the same tariff structure as a fixed line service such as the charging of monthly service fees. The earliest of such service was provided by Digitel, now part of PLDT, in the fourth quarter of 2005 at a fixed monthly rate of Php672. This service is provided mostly in selected areas of Southern and Northern Luzon where Digitel did not have fixed cable facilities. Globe quickly followed suit with a similar service at a monthly rate of Php995 which bundled a wireless landline and broadband internet connection of up to 384 kbps. This service is offered in limited areas of Metropolitan Manila such as Makati, Las Piñas, the Visayas region and selected areas of Southern Luzon such as Cavite and Batangas.

Bayan launched a similar service at lower rates in the second half of 2006, which service maintains two major price points open to both residential and business subscribers. This service is available under two plans, a plan at a monthly rate of Php699 for customers in Metropolitan Manila and a plan at a monthly rate of Php599 for customers in selected regional areas of the Philippines.

In March 2007, we introduced the PLP, a postpaid fixed wireless service which was initially available only in regional areas where there were no available PLDT fixed cable facilities. The following two plans are offered for the PLP postpaid regular service: (a) Plan 600 with 600 free local outgoing minutes; and (b) Plan 1,000 with 1,000 free local outgoing minutes, and a charge of Php1.00 per minute in excess of free minutes for both plans. In March 2008, we introduced the prepaid variant of the PLP. The following two load plans are offered for the PLP prepaid service: (a) Php300 load denomination with free 150 local outgoing minutes; and (b) Php600 load denomination with free 600 local outgoing minutes. Both prepaid plans include unlimited incoming calls for one month, and charges Php2.00 per minute and Php1.00 per minute in excess of free local outgoing minutes for Php300 and Php600 load denominations, respectively.

Currently, the two PLP postpaid regular services (Plan 600 and Plan 1,000) are both offered with unlimited local outgoing calls. For the PLP prepaid service, we now have the following three load plan offerings: (i) Php100 load denomination with 100 free local outgoing minutes; (ii) Php300 load denomination with free 150 local outgoing minutes; and (iii) Php600 load denomination with 600 free local outgoing minutes. These PLP prepaid plan offerings include unlimited incoming calls for a month, 15 days and seven days, respectively, and charges Php2.00 per call in excess of the free corresponding minutes via top-up.

International Long Distance Service

There are 11 licensed IGF operators (of which eight are major operators) in the country, including us. While we still maintain a leadership position in this highly competitive service segment of the industry, our market share in recent years has declined as a result of: (1) competition from other IGF operators; (2) migration from fixed to mobile calling, coupled with continued increase in the number of cellular subscribers; and (3) the popularity of alternative and cheaper modes of communication such as e-mail, instant messaging, social-networking (such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram), including “free services” over the internet (such as Skype, Viber, Facetime, GoogleTalk), and the establishment of virtual private networks for several corporate entities, which have further heightened competition.

With respect to outbound calls from the Philippines, we compete for market share through our local exchange and cellular businesses, which are the origination points of outbound international calls. We also have introduced a number of marketing initiatives to stimulate growth of outbound call volumes, including tariff reductions and volume discounts for large corporate subscribers.

The number of inbound calls into the Philippines has been negatively impacted by the popularity of OTT services due to further improvement of internet access and the increase in smartphone and tablet adoption as a result of intense local competition. We have been pursuing a number of initiatives to mitigate the decline in our inbound telecommunications traffic, including modest reduction of our termination rates, marketing and promotion to call Philippines and PLDT Fixed at popular Filipino websites, interconnecting with OTT providers like Skype and Viber in order to directly capture their organic traffic to the Philippines and continuously identifying and limiting unauthorized traffic termination. In addition, we have also established presence, through our wholly-owned subsidiary PLDT Global, in key cities overseas to identify and capture Philippine terminating traffic at its source, maximize the use of our international facilities and develop alternative sources of revenue.

National Long Distance Service

Our national long distance service business has been negatively affected by the growing number of cellular subscribers in the Philippines and the widespread availability and growing popularity of alternative economical non-voice methods of communication, particularly text messaging and e-mail. In addition, various ISPs have launched voice services via the internet to their subscribers nationwide.

While national long distance call volumes have been declining, we have remained the leading provider of national long distance service in the Philippines due to our significant subscriber base and ownership of the Philippines’ most extensive transmission network.

From time to time, PLDT launches promotions bundled with our other products to attract new subscribers including free PLDT-to-PLDT NDD service.

Data and Other Network Services

The market for data and other network services is a growing segment in the Philippine telecommunications industry. This development has been spurred by the significant growth in consumer and retail broadband internet access, enterprise resource planning applications, customer relationship management, knowledge processing solutions, online gaming and other e-services that drive the need for broadband and internet-protocol based solutions both in the Philippines and abroad. Our major competitors in this area are Globe-Innove and Bayan. The principal bases of competition in the data services market are coverage, price, content, value for money, bundles or free gifts, customer service and quality of service. PLDT intends to compete in this segment, consistent with its overall strategy to broaden its distribution platform and increase its ability to deliver multimedia content.

Environmental Matters

We have not been subject to any material fines or legal or regulatory action involving noncompliance with environmental regulations of the Philippines. We are not aware of any noncompliance in any material respect with relevant environmental protection regulations.

Intellectual Property Rights

We do not own any material intellectual property rights apart from our brand names and logos. We are not dependent on patents, licenses or other intellectual property which are material to our business or results of operations, other than licenses to use the software that accompany most of our equipment purchases and licenses for certain contents used in VAS of our wireless business. See Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Properties

We own four office buildings located in Makati City and own and operate 295 exchanges nationwide, of which 49 are located in the Metropolitan Manila area, including DMPI’s three exchanges. The remaining 246 exchanges, including DMPI’s 32 exchanges, are located in cities and small municipalities outside Metropolitan Manila area. We also own radio transmitting and receiving equipment used for international and domestic communications. As at December 31, 2014, we had a total of 26,242 cellular/broadband base stations, including 11,083 active 4G/HSPA+/LTE-base stations.

As at December 31, 2014, our principal properties, excluding property under construction, consisted of the following, based on net book values:

•

70% consisted of cable, wire and cellular facilities, including our DFON, subscriber cable facilities, inter-office trunking and toll cable facilities and cellular facilities;

•

14% consisted of central office equipment, including IGFs, pure national toll exchanges and combined local and toll exchanges;

•

9% consisted of land and improvements and buildings, which we acquired to house our telecommunications equipment, personnel, inventory and/or fleet;

•

1% consisted of information origination and termination equipment, including pay telephones and radio equipment installed for customers use, and cables and wires installed within customers’ premises; and

•

6% consisted of other work equipment.

For more information on these properties, see Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

These properties are located in areas where our subscribers are being served. In our opinion, these properties are in good condition, except for ordinary wear and tear, and are adequately insured.

The majority of our connecting lines are above or under public streets and properties owned by others. For example, for many years, the PLDT Group has been using the power pole network of Meralco in Metropolitan Manila for PLDT’s fixed line aerial cables in this area pursuant to short-term lease agreements with Meralco with typically five-year and more recently one-year terms.

PLDT’s, Smart’s, PCEV’s and Digitel’s properties are free from any mortgage, charge, pledge, lien or encumbrance; however, a portion of ePLDT’s property is subject to liens.

The PLDT Group has various lease contracts for periods ranging from one to ten years covering certain offices, warehouses, cell sites, telecommunications equipment locations and various office equipments. For more information on the obligations relating to these properties and long-term obligations, see Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

In 2015, we expect that cash from operations should enable us to increase the level of our capital expenditures for the continued expansion and upgrading of our network infrastructure. We expect to make additional investments in our core facilities to leverage existing technologies and increase capacity. Our 2015 estimated consolidated capital expenditures is approximately Php39 billion, of which approximately Php26 billion is estimated to be spent by our wireless segment and approximately Php13 billion is estimated to be spent by our fixed line segment. Our wireless’ capital spending is currently anticipated to focus on building out coverage, leveraging the capabilities of newly modernized network and expanding 3G, 4G LTE including its backhaul and wireless broadband networks in order to enhance data transmission capabilities. We also contemplate enhancing network and platforms infrastructure and systems to support solutions deployment, campaign analytics and service delivery to enable customized and targeted services, as well as further expanding mainstream services and integration with the PLDT Group core and transmission network to increase penetration, mainly in provincial areas to achieve greater business benefits from a closely synergized environment. Our fixed line’s capital spending is currently intended principally to continue the build-out and upgrade of broadband data and IP infrastructures, fixed line data services, expanding transmission network, increasing international bandwidth capacity, and network maintenance.

Item 4A.

Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 5.

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements (and the related notes) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 included elsewhere in this report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to future events and our future financial performance. These statements involve risks and uncertainties, and our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of particular factors such as those set forth under “Forward-Looking Statements” and Item 3. “Key Information – Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report. Our consolidated financial statements, and the financial information discussed below, have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. For convenience, certain Philippine peso financial information in the following discussions has been converted to U.S. dollars at the exchange rate at December 31, 2014 of Php44.74 to US$1.00, as quoted through the Philippine Dealing System.

Overview

We are the largest and most diversified telecommunications company in the Philippines. We have organized our business into business units based on our products and services and have three reportable operating segments which serve as bases for management’s decision to allocate resources and evaluate operating performance:

•

Wireless — wireless telecommunications services provided by Smart and DMPI, which owns the Sun Cellular business and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Digitel, our cellular service providers; Wifun, our portal enabler company; SBI and PDSI, our wireless broadband service providers; Chikka Group, our wireless content operators; ACeS Philippines, our satellite operator; and certain subsidiaries of PLDT Global, our mobile virtual network operations, or MVNO, provider;

•

Fixed Line — fixed line telecommunications services primarily provided by PLDT. We also provide fixed line services through PLDT’s subsidiaries, namely, ClarkTel, SubicTel, Philcom Group, Maratel, SBI, PDSI, BCC, PLDT Global and Digitel, all of which together account for approximately 6% of our consolidated fixed line subscribers; and information and communications infrastructure and services for internet applications, IP-based solutions and multimedia content delivery provided by ePLDT, IPCDSI, AGS, and its subsidiaries, or AGS Group, and Curo Teknika, Inc.; distribution of Filipino channels and content services provided by PGNL and its subsidiaries; air transportation service provided by PG1; and bills printing and other VAS-related services provided by ePDS; and

•

Others — PGIH, PLDT Digital and its subsidiary, MIC, PGIC and PCEV, our investment companies.

Key performance indicators and drivers that our management uses for the management of our business include, among others, the general economic conditions in the Philippines, our subscriber base, traffic volumes and interconnection arrangements.

In addition, our results of operations and financial position are increasingly affected by fluctuations of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar. Since a substantial portion of our indebtedness is denominated in U.S. dollars, an appreciation or depreciation of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar as at the end of the most recent fiscal year compared to the end of the previous fiscal year may result in our recognition of significant foreign exchange gains or losses, respectively. For example, the Philippine peso depreciated against the U.S. dollar from Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013 to Php44.74 as at December 31, 2014, as a result of which we recognized in 2014 foreign exchange losses in the amount of Php382 million, representing a decrease of Php2,511 million from Php2,893 million in 2013. Moreover, since approximately 20% of our revenues are either denominated in U.S. dollars or linked to the U.S. dollar, a depreciation or appreciation of the weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar increases or decreases our revenues in Philippine peso terms and increases or decreases our cash flow from operations, respectively. For example, the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to a weighted average exchange rate of Php44.40 in 2014 from Php44.24 in 2013 increased our U.S. dollar and U.S. dollar-linked revenues in Philippine peso terms. Furthermore, fluctuations of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar resulted in gains or losses on our derivative financial instruments, which increasingly affected our results of operations and financial position. For example, we recognized net losses on derivative financial instruments of Php102 million in 2014 from net gains on derivative financial instruments of Php511 million in 2013.

On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO segment, which was completed in April 2013. Consequently, as at December 31, 2012, the BPO segment was classified as discontinued operations and a disposal group held-for-sale. The results of operations of our BPO business for the four months ended April 30, 2013 and for the year ended December 31, 2012 were presented as discontinued operations. See Item 4. “Information on the Company – Development Activities (2012-2014) – Sale of BPO Segment”, Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations and Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Assets Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion of the classification of the BPO segment as an asset classified as held-for-sale.

Management’s Financial Review

As discussed in Item 3. “Key Information – Performance Indicators”, we use our Adjusted EBITDA and core income to assess our operating performance; a reconciliation of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and our consolidated core income to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 is set forth below.

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	December 31,
	2014			2013			2012⁽¹⁾
	(in millions)

Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	Php	76,877		Php	77,552		Php	75,388


Add (deduct) adjustments to continuing operations:
Other income		4,853			4,113			5,813
Equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures		3,841			2,742			1,538
Interest income		752			932			1,354
Retroactive effect of adoption of Revised IAS 19		—			(1,269	)		1,287
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net		(101	)		511			(2,009	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net		(382	)		(2,893	)		3,282
Amortization of intangible assets		(1,149	)		(1,020	)		(921	)
Fixed assets and other noncurrent asset impairment		(3,844	)		(2,143	)		(2,896	)
Financing costs – net		(5,320	)		(6,589	)		(6,876	)
Provision for income tax		(10,058	)		(8,248	)		(8,050	)
Depreciation and amortization		(31,379	)		(30,304	)		(32,354	)

Total adjustments		(42,787	)		(44,168	)		(39,832	)


Net income from continuing operations		34,090			33,384			35,556
Net income from discontinued operations		—			2,069			543

Consolidated net income	Php	34,090		Php	35,453		Php	36,099

⁽¹⁾

As adjusted to reflect the adjustments on the application of the Revised IAS 19 – Employee Benefits.

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated core income to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	December 31,
	2014			2013			2012⁽¹⁾
	(in millions)

Core income from continuing operations	Php	37,410		Php	38,816		Php	36,356
Core income from discontinued operations		—			(99	)		551

Consolidated core income		37,410			38,717			36,907


Add (deduct) adjustments to continuing operations:
Net tax effect of aforementioned adjustments		778			843			(644	)
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net, excluding hedge cost		208			816			(1,689	)
Casualty losses due to Typhoon Yolanda		—			(878	)		—
Retroactive effect of adoption of Revised IAS 19		—			(1,269	)		1,287
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(1	)		33			(49	)
Core income adjustment on equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures		(79	)		59			(91	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net		(382	)		(2,893	)		3,282
Fixed assets and other noncurrent asset impairment		(3,844	)		(2,143	)		(2,896	)

Total adjustments		(3,320	)		(5,432	)		(800	)


Adjustment to discontinued operations		—			2,168			(8	)


Net income from continuing operations		34,090			33,384			35,556
Net income from discontinued operations		—			2,069			543

Consolidated net income	Php	34,090		Php	35,453		Php	36,099

⁽¹⁾

As adjusted to reflect the adjustments on the application of the Revised IAS 19 – Employee Benefits.

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated basic and diluted core EPS to our consolidated basic and diluted EPS attributable to common equity holders of PLDT for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014						2013						2012⁽¹⁾
	Basic			Diluted			Basic			Diluted			Basic			Diluted
Core EPS from continuing operations	Php	172.88		Php	172.88		Php	179.38		Php	179.38		Php	168.03		Php	168.03
Core EPS from discontinued operations		—			—			(0.45	)		(0.45	)		2.55			2.55

Consolidated core EPS		172.88			172.88			178.93			178.93			170.58			170.58
Add (deduct) adjustments to continuing operations:
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net, excluding hedge costs (Notes 2 and 28)		0.55			0.55			2.65			2.65			(5.47	)		(5.47	)
Core income adjustment on equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures		(0.37	)		(0.37	)		0.27			0.27			(0.42	)		(0.42	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net (Notes 2 and 28)		(1.40	)		(1.40	)		(9.61	)		(9.61	)		10.63			10.63
Fixed assets and other noncurrent asset impairment (Notes 3, 5 and 9)		(14.15	)		(14.15	)		(9.92	)		(9.92	)		(13.40	)		(13.40	)
Retroactive effect of adoption of Revised IAS 19 (Note 2)		—			—			(5.10	)		(5.10	)		5.18			5.18
Casualty losses due to typhoon “Yolanda”		—			—			(3.58	)		(3.58	)		—			—

Total adjustments		(15.37	)		(15.37	)		(25.29	)		(25.29	)		(3.48	)		(3.48	)

Adjustments to discontinued operations		—			—			10.03			10.03			(0.03	)		(0.03	)


EPS from continuing operations attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 8)		157.51			157.51			154.09			154.09			164.55			164.55
EPS from discontinued operations attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Notes 2 and 8)		—			—			9.58			9.58			2.52			2.52

Consolidated EPS attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 8)	Php	157.51		Php	157.51		Php	163.67		Php	163.67		Php	167.07		Php	167.07

⁽¹⁾

As adjusted to reflect the adjustments on the application of the Revised IAS 19 – Employee Benefits.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of our revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the end of each reporting period. The uncertainties inherent in these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that could require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the assets or liabilities affected in the future years.

Judgments

In the process of applying the PLDT Group’s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, apart from those including estimations and assumptions, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in our consolidated financial statements.

Assets classified as held-for-sale and discontinued operations

On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO segment, which sale was completed in April 2013. Consequently, the BPO segment as at December 31, 2012 has been classified as discontinued operations and a disposal group held-for-sale. The BPO segment met the criteria of an asset to be classified as held-for-sale as at December 31, 2012 for the following reasons: (1) the BPO segment was then available for immediate sale and could be sold to a potential buyer in its current condition; (2) the Board of Directors had approved the plan to sell the BPO segment and we had entered into preliminary negotiations with a potential buyer and a number of other potential buyers had been identified; and (3) the Board of Directors expected negotiations to be finalized and the sale to be completed in April 2013. The results of operations of our BPO business for the four months ended April 30, 2013 and for the year ended December 31, 2012 were presented as discontinued operations. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Determination of functional currency

The functional currencies of the entities under the PLDT Group are the currency of the primary economic environment in which each entity operates. It is the currency that mainly influences the revenue from and cost of rendering products and services.

The presentation currency of the PLDT Group is the Philippine peso. Based on the economic substance of the underlying circumstances relevant to the PLDT Group, the functional currency of all entities under PLDT Group is the Philippine peso, except for: (a) SMHC, SMI, FECL Group, PIHC, PLDT Global and certain of its subsidiaries, PGNL and certain of its subsidiaries, DCPL, and certain subsidiaries of Chikka, which use the U.S. dollar; (b) eInnovations Holdings Pte. Ltd., Takatack, 3^rd Brand, CPL and CISP, which use the Singapore dollar; (c) CCCBL, which use the Chinese renminbi; (d) BTMS, which use the Malaysian ringgit; and (e) PTCI, which use the Indonesian rupiah.

Leases

As a lessee, we have various lease agreements in respect of certain equipment and properties. We evaluate whether significant risks and rewards of ownership of the leased properties are transferred to us (finance lease) or retained by the lessor (operating lease) based on IAS 17, Leases. Total lease expense arising from operating leases from continuing operations amounted to Php6,605 million, Php6,041 million and Php5,860 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, while that from discontinued operations amounted to nil, Php86 million and Php263 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total finance lease obligations amounted to Php6 million and Php12 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations, Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Obligations under Finance Leases and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Liquidity Risk to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Accounting for investments in MediaQuest Holdings, Inc., or MediaQuest, through Philippine Depositary Receipts, or PDRs

ePLDT made various investments in PDRs issued by MediaQuest in relation to its direct interest in Satventures, Inc., or Satventures, and indirect interest in Cignal TV. Satventures is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest and Cignal TV is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Satventures. ePLDT’s investments in PDRs are part of our overall strategy to broaden our distribution platform and increase our ability to deliver multimedia content. On September 27, 2013, the Satventures and Cignal TV PDRs were issued and provided ePLDT a 40% economic interest each in the common shares of Satventures and Cignal TV, or an aggregate of 64% economic interest in Cignal TV.

Based on our judgment at PLDT Group level, ePLDT’s investments in PDRs give ePLDT a significant influence over Satventures and Cignal TV as evidenced by inter-change of managerial personnel, provision of essential technical information and material transactions among PLDT, Smart, Satventures and Cignal TV, thus accounted for as investments in associates using the equity method.

The carrying value of our investments in PDRs issued by MediaQuest amounted to Php9,575 million and Php9,522 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See related discussion on Note 10 – Investment in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investments in Associates – Investment in MediaQuest to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Estimates and Assumptions

The key estimates and assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognized in our consolidated financial statements within the next financial year are discussed below. We based our estimates and assumptions on parameters available when the consolidated financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising beyond the control of PLDT. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Asset impairment

IFRS requires that an impairment review be performed when certain impairment indicators are present. In the case of goodwill, at a minimum, such asset is subject to an annual impairment test and more frequently whenever there is an indication that such asset may be impaired. This requires an estimation of the value in use of the CGUs to which the goodwill is allocated. Estimating the value in use requires us to make an estimate of the expected future cash flows from the CGU and to choose a suitable discount rate in order to calculate the present value of those cash flows.

Determining the recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment, investments in associates and joint ventures, intangible assets and other noncurrent assets, requires us to make estimates and assumptions in the determination of future cash flows expected to be generated from the continued use and ultimate disposition of such assets. Future events could cause us to conclude that property, plant and equipment, investments in associates and joint ventures, intangible assets and other noncurrent assets associated with an acquired business are impaired. Any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and financial performance.

The preparation of estimated future cash flows involves significant estimations and assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are appropriate and reasonable, significant changes in our assumptions may materially affect our assessment of recoverable values and may lead to future impairment charges under IFRS.

In 2013, Smart and DMPI launched a network convergence program designed to consolidate the networks of Smart and DMPI into a single network enabling subscribers of both companies to take advantage of the combined network. The convergence is expected to result in savings from synergies in terms of optimized capital expenditures and cost efficiencies from colocation of base stations, consolidation of core systems, and operating expenses. The program, however, rendered certain network equipment and site facilities obsolete. In view of this, Smart and DMPI recognized full impairment provision on the net book value of the affected network equipment and site facilities amounting to Php378 million and Php1,764 million, respectively.

In 2014, SBI and PDSI recognized impairment losses on the net book value of their Canopy and WiMAX equipment. Canopy and WiMAX have been becoming less preferable as telecommunications operators shift to LTE, which offers improved speed from and compatibility with 2G and 3G technologies. The business plan for fixed wireless is to roll-out Time Duplex LTE sites in 2014 and 2015 and migrate all existing Canopy and WiMAX subscribers to the new technology as network coverage for Time Duplex LTE increases. Total impairment losses amounted to Php2,394 million and Php1,223 million for SBI and PDSI, respectively.

In 2014, PLDT implemented a massive fiber optic footprint and backbone expansion which increased bandwidth connectivity between different regions of the country and provided subscribers with opportunities for better services. In relation to this expansion, PLDT has recognized an impairment provision on the net book value of certain transmission facilities replaced by the program amounting to Php227 million.

Total asset impairment on noncurrent assets amounted to Php3,844 million, Php2,143 million and Php2,896 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

See Note 4 – Operating Segment Information, Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Asset Impairment and Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment – Impairment of Certain Wireless Network Equipment and Facilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

The carrying values of our property, plant and equipment, investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits, goodwill and intangible assets, and prepayments are separately disclosed in Notes 9, 10, 15 and 19, respectively.

Estimating useful lives of property, plant and equipment

We estimate the useful lives of each item of our property, plant and equipment based on the periods over which our assets are expected to be available for use. Our estimate of the useful lives of our property, plant and equipment is based on our collective assessment of industry practice, internal technical evaluation and experience with similar assets. The estimated useful lives of our property, plant and equipment are reviewed every year-end and are updated if expectations differ from previous estimates due to physical wear and tear, technical or commercial obsolescence and legal or other limitations on the use of our assets. It is possible, however, that future results of operations could be materially affected by changes in our estimates brought about by changes in the factors mentioned above. The amounts and timing of recorded expenses for any period would be affected by changes in these factors and circumstances. A reduction in the estimated useful lives of our property, plant and equipment would increase our recorded depreciation and amortization and decrease our property, plant and equipment.

The total depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment from continuing operations amounted to Php31,379 million, Php30,304 million and Php32,354 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, while that from discontinued operations amounted to nil, Php153 million and Php466 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total carrying values of property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization amounted to Php191,984 million and Php192,665 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations, Note 4 – Operating Segment Information and Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Estimating useful lives of intangible assets with finite life

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the expected useful life using the straight-line method of accounting. At a minimum, the amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at each financial year-end. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are accounted for by changing the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in our consolidated income statement.

The total amortization of intangible assets from continuing operations with finite life amounted to Php1,149 million, Php1,020 million and Php921 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, while that from discontinued operations amounted to nil, Php55 million and Php180 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total carrying values of intangible assets with finite life amounted to Php6,173 million and Php7,286 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations, Note 4 – Operating Segment Information and Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life

Our consolidated financial statements and financial performance reflect acquired businesses after the completion of the respective acquisition. We account for the acquired businesses using the acquisition method, which requires extensive use of accounting judgments and estimates to allocate the purchase price to the fair market values of the acquiree’s identifiable assets and liabilities and contingent liabilities, if any, at the acquisition date. Any excess in the purchase price over the estimated fair market values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill in our consolidated statement of financial position. Thus, the numerous judgments made in estimating the fair market value to be assigned to the acquiree’s assets and liabilities can materially affect our financial performance.

Total carrying values of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life amounted to Php66,669 million and Php66,632 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Recognition of deferred income tax assets

We review the carrying amounts of deferred income tax assets at the end of each reporting period and reduce these to the extent that these are no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax assets to be utilized. Our assessment on the recognition of deferred income tax assets on deductible temporary differences is based on the level and timing of forecasted taxable income of the subsequent reporting periods. This forecast is based on our past results and future expectations on revenues and expenses as well as future tax planning strategies. However, there is no assurance that we will generate sufficient taxable income to allow all or part of our deferred income tax assets to be utilized. We also review the level of projected gross margin for the use of Optional Standard Deduction, or OSD method, and assess the future tax consequences for the recognition of deferred income tax assets. Based on Smart and SBI’s projected gross margin, they expect to continue using the OSD method in the foreseeable future.

Based on the above assessment, our consolidated unrecognized deferred income tax assets amounted to Php10,248 million and Php12,426 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, our unrecognized net deferred income tax assets for items which would not result in future tax benefits when using the OSD method amounted to Php4,259 million and Php4,496 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Total consolidated benefit from deferred income tax from continuing operations amounted to Php1,024 million, Php4,401 million and Php919 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, while provision for deferred income tax from discontinued operations amounted to nil, Php30 million and Php28 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total consolidated net deferred income tax assets amounted to Php17,131 million and Php14,181 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations, Note 4 – Operating Segment Information and Note 7 – Income Taxes to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Estimating allowance for doubtful accounts

If we assessed that there was objective evidence that an impairment loss was incurred in our trade and other receivables, we estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts related to our trade and other receivables that are specifically identified as doubtful of collection. The amount of allowance is evaluated by management on the basis of factors that affect the collectability of the accounts. In these cases, we use judgment based on all available facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, the length of our relationship with the customer and the customer’s credit status based on third party credit reports and known market factors, to record specific reserves for customers against amounts due in order to reduce our receivables to amounts that we expect to collect. These specific reserves are re-evaluated and adjusted as additional information received affects the amounts estimated.

In addition to specific allowance against individually significant receivables, we also assess a collective impairment allowance against credit exposures of our customer which were grouped based on common credit characteristics, which, although not specifically identified as requiring a specific allowance, have a greater risk of default than when the receivables were originally granted to customers. This collective allowance is based on historical loss experience using various factors, such as historical performance of the customers within the collective group, deterioration in the markets in which the customers operate, and identified structural weaknesses or deterioration in the cash flows of customers.

Total provision for doubtful accounts for trade and other receivables from continuing operations recognized in our consolidated income statements amounted to Php2,023 million, Php3,171 million and Php2,175 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Trade and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, amounted to Php29,151 million and Php17,564 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 4 – Operating Segment Information, Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Asset Impairment, Note 17 – Trade and Other Receivables and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Estimating pension benefit costs and other employee benefits

The cost of defined benefit and contribution plans and present value of the pension obligation are determined using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial valuation includes making various assumptions which consists, among other things, discount rates, rates of compensation increases and mortality rates. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”. Due to complexity of valuation, the underlying assumptions and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable and appropriate, significant differences in our actual experience or significant changes in our assumptions may materially affect our cost for pension and other retirement obligations. All assumptions are reviewed every year-end.

Net consolidated pension benefit costs from continuing operations amounted to Php1,702 million, Php856 million and Php584 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, while net consolidated pension benefit costs from discontinued operations amounted to nil, Php9 million and Php170 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The prepaid benefit costs amounted to Php65 million and Php199 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The accrued benefit costs amounted to Php13,131 million and Php10,310 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Compensation and Employee Benefits, Note 19 – Prepayments and Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Defined Benefit Pension Plans to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

To ensure the proper execution of our strategic and operational business plans while taking into account the acquisition of Digitel in 2011 and other recent market developments, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP, covering the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014, was approved by the Board of Directors with the endorsement of the Executive Compensation Committee, or ECC, on March 22, 2012. The awards in the 2012 to 2014 LTIP were contingent upon the successful achievement of certain profit targets, intended to align the execution of the business strategies of the expanded PLDT Group, including Digitel, over the three year period from 2012 to 2014. In addition, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP allowed for the participation of a number of senior executives and certain newly hired executives and ensured the continuity of management in line with the succession planning of the PLDT Group. LTIP costs recognized for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 amounted to Php168 million, Php1,638 million and Php1,491 million, respectively. Total outstanding liability and fair value of the 2012 to 2014 LTIP amounted to Php3,297 million and Php3,129 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The LTIP liability as at December 31, 2014 was paid on March 10, 2015. See Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Compensation and Employee Benefits, Note 24 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities and Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Other Long-term Employee Benefits to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Provision for asset retirement obligations

Provision for asset retirement obligations are recognized in the period in which they are incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. This requires an estimation of the cost to restore/dismantle on a per square meter basis, depending on the location, and is based on the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the future restoration/dismantlement date, discounted using a pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessment of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risk specific to the liability. Total provision for asset retirement obligations amounted to Php2,068 million and Php2,144 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 22 – Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Provision for legal contingencies and tax assessments

We are currently involved in various legal proceedings and tax assessments. Our estimates of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims have been developed in consultation with our counsel handling the defense in these matters and are based upon our analysis of potential results. We currently do not believe these proceedings could materially reduce our revenues and profitability. It is possible, however, that future financial performance could be materially affected by changes in our estimates or effectiveness of our strategies relating to these proceedings and assessments. See Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Based on management’s assessment, appropriate provisions were made; however, management has decided not to disclose further details of these provisions as they may prejudice our position in certain legal proceedings.

Revenue recognition

Our revenue recognition policies require us to make use of estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of our revenues and receivables.

Our agreements with domestic and foreign carriers for inbound and outbound traffic subject to settlements require traffic reconciliations before actual settlement is done, which may not be the actual volume of traffic as measured by us. Initial recognition of revenues is based on our observed traffic adjusted by our normal experience adjustments, which historically are not material to our consolidated financial statements. Differences between the amounts initially recognized and the actual settlements are taken up in the accounts upon reconciliation. However, we cannot assure you that the use of such estimates will not result in material adjustments in future periods.

Revenues under a multiple element arrangement specifically applicable to our fixed line and wireless businesses are split into separately identifiable components based on their relative fair value in order to reflect the substance of the transaction. Where fair value is not directly observable, the total consideration is allocated using an appropriate allocation method. We account for mobile contracts in accordance with IAS 18, Revenue Recognition, and have concluded that the handset and the mobile services may be accounted for as separate identifiable components. The handset (with activation) is delivered first, followed by the mobile service (which is provided over the contract/lock-in period, generally one or two years). Because some amount of the arrangement consideration that may be allocated to the handset generally is contingent on providing the mobile service, the amount that is allocated to the handset is limited to the cash received (i.e., the amount paid for the handset) at the time of the handset delivery.

Under certain arrangements with our knowledge processing solutions services, if there is uncertainty regarding the outcome of the transaction for which service was rendered, revenue is recognized only to the extent of expenses incurred for rendering the service and only to such amount as determined to be recoverable.

We recognize our revenues from installation and activation related fees and the corresponding costs over the expected average periods of customer relationship for fixed line and cellular services. We estimate the expected average period of customer relationship based on our most recent churn rate analysis.

Determination of fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities

Where the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in our consolidated statement of financial position cannot be derived from active markets, they are determined using valuation techniques including the discounted cash flows model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values. The judgments include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.

Other than those whose carrying amounts are reasonable approximations of fair values, total fair values of noncurrent financial assets and noncurrent financial liabilities as at December 31, 2014 amounted to Php3,315 million and Php139,207 million, respectively, while the total fair values of noncurrent financial assets and noncurrent financial liabilities as at December 31, 2013 amounted to Php4,711 million and Php113,911 million, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

New Accounting Standards and Interpretations to Existing Standards Effective Subsequent to December 31, 2014

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for the discussion of new accounting standards that will become effective subsequent to December 31, 2014 and their anticipated impact on our consolidated financial statements for the current and future periods.

Results of Operations

The table below shows the contribution by each of our business segments to our consolidated revenues, expenses, other income (expense), income (loss) before income tax, net income (loss), Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin and core income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. In each of the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, a majority of our revenues are derived from our operations within the Philippines. Our revenues derived from outside the Philippines consist primarily of revenues from incoming international calls to the Philippines.


	Wireless			Fixed Line			Others			Inter-segment Transactions			Consolidated
				(in millions)

For the year ended December 31, 2014
Revenues	Php	118,879		Php	67,235		Php	—			(Php15,152	)	Php	170,962
Expenses		89,102			56,855			56			(15,556	)		130,457
Other income (expenses)		(724	)		(840	)		5,611			(404	)		3,643
Income before income tax		29,053			9,540			5,555			—			44,148
Provision for income tax		7,158			2,818			82			—			10,058
Net income/Segment profit		21,895			6,722			5,473			—			34,090
Adjusted EBITDA		50,917			25,612			(56	)		404			76,877
Adjusted EBITDA margin⁽¹⁾		44	%		39	%		—			(3	%)		47	%
Core income from continuing operations		25,176			6,691			5,543			—			37,410


For the year ended December 31, 2013
Revenues		119,323			63,567			—			(14,559	)		168,331
Expenses		84,674			55,975			5			(15,139	)		125,515
Other income (expenses)		(3,866	)		(481	)		3,597			(434	)		(1,184	)
Income before income tax		30,783			7,111			3,592			146			41,632
Provision for (Benefit from) income tax		8,862			(698	)		84			—			8,248
Net income/Segment profit		21,921			7,809			3,508			146			35,453
Continuing operations		21,921			7,809			3,508			146			33,384
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			—			2,069
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		54,703			22,274			(5	)		580			77,552
Adjusted EBITDA margin⁽¹⁾		47	%		36	%		—			(4	%)		47	%
Core income		26,499			9,061			3,110			146			38,717
Continuing operations		26,499			9,061			3,110			146			38,816
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			—			(99	)


For the year ended December 31, 2012⁽²⁾
Revenues		115,932			60,246			—			(13,145	)		163,033
Expenses		83,717			52,776			18			(13,982	)		122,529
Other income (expenses)		893			(1,781	)		4,358			(368	)		3,102
Income before income tax		33,108			5,689			4,340			469			43,606
Provision for (Benefit from) income tax		8,094			(51	)		7			—			8,050
Net income/Segment profit		25,014			5,740			4,333			469			36,099
Continuing operations		25,014			5,740			4,333			469			35,556
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			—			543
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		54,480			20,089			(18	)		837			75,388
Adjusted EBITDA margin⁽¹⁾		48	%		34	%		—			(6	%)		47	%
Core income		25,694			5,769			4,424			469			36,907
Continuing operations		25,694			5,769			4,424			469			36,356
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			—			551

⁽¹⁾

Adjusted EBITDA margin for the period is measured as Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations divided by service revenues.

⁽²⁾

As adjusted to reflect the adjustments on the application of the Revised IAS 19 – Employee Benefits and certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013

On a Consolidated Basis

Revenues

We reported consolidated revenues of Php170,962 million in 2014, an increase of Php2,631 million, or 2%, as compared with Php168,331 million in 2013, primarily due to higher revenues from data and other network, local exchange and miscellaneous services from our fixed line business, higher wireless broadband revenues, and an increase in our non-service revenues, partially offset by lower revenues from national and international long distance services from our fixed line business, and lower cellular services, and satellite and other services from our wireless business.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated revenues by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			%			2013			%			Change
	2014			%			2013			%			Amount			%
	(in millions)

Wireless	Php	118,879			70		Php	119,323			71		(Php	444	)		—
Fixed line		67,235			39			63,567			38			3,668			6
Inter-segment transactions		(15,152	)		(9	)		(14,559	)		(9	)		(593	)		4

Consolidated	Php	170,962			100		Php	168,331			100		Php	2,631			2

Expenses

Consolidated expenses increased by Php4,942 million, or 4%, to Php130,457 million in 2014 from Php125,515 million in 2013, as a result of higher expenses related to repairs and maintenance, cost of sales, depreciation and amortization, selling and promotions, taxes and licenses, professional and other contracted services, rent, asset impairment, communication, training and travel, amortization of intangible assets, and insurance and security, partially offset by lower expenses related to compensation and employee benefits, interconnection costs and other operating expenses.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated expenses by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			%			2013			%			Change
	2014			%			2013			%			Amount			%
	(in millions)

Wireless	Php	89,102			68		Php	84,674			67		Php	4,428			5
Fixed line		56,855			44			55,975			45			880			2
Others		56			—			5			—			51			1,020
Inter-segment transactions		(15,556	)		(12	)		(15,139	)		(12	)		(417	)		3

Consolidated	Php	130,457			100		Php	125,515			100		Php	4,942			4

Other Income (Expenses)

Consolidated other income amounted to Php3,643 million in 2014, a change of Php4,827 million as against other expenses of Php1,184 million in 2013, primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (i) a decrease in foreign exchange losses by Php2,511 million mainly due to narrower dollar and peso interest rate differentials and lower level of depreciation of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar; (ii) a decrease in net financing costs by Php1,269 million mainly due to decreases on accretion on financial liabilities and financing charges, partly offset by a higher outstanding debt balance; (iii) an increase in the equity share in net earnings of associates by Php1,099 million mainly due to the increase in the equity share in net earnings of Beacon, Beta, and Cignal TV; (iv) an increase in other income by Php740 million mainly due to the realized portion of deferred gain on the transfer of Meralco shares, gain on fair value adjustment on investment property, gain on purchase price adjustment in relation with the acquisition of Digitel and higher gain on insurance claims, partly offset by the gain on sale of Philweb shares in 2013; (v) lower interest income by Php180 million due to lower weighted average interest rates, partly offset by higher principal amounts of placements and the depreciation of the weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar; and (vi) net loss on derivative financial instruments of Php101 million in 2014 as against net gains on derivative financial instruments of Php511 million due to losses on matured Euro/U.S. dollar forward purchase contracts due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro and on matured U.S. dollar/Philippine peso forward purchase contracts in the second quarter of 2014 due to the appreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated other income (expenses) by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


							Change
	2014			2013			Amount			%
	(in millions)

Wireless	(Php	724	)	(Php	3,866	)	Php	3,142			(81	)
Fixed line		(840	)		(481	)		(359	)		75
Others		5,611			3,597			2,014			56
Inter-segment transactions		(404	)		(434	)		30			(7	)

Consolidated	Php	3,643		(Php	1,184	)	Php	4,827			(408	)

Net Income

Consolidated net income decreased by Php1,363 million, or 4%, to Php34,090 million in 2014, from Php35,453 million, including net income from discontinued operations of Php2,069 million, in 2013. The decrease was mainly due to the combined effects of the following: (i) an increase in consolidated expenses by Php4,942 million; (ii) an increase in consolidated provision for income tax by Php1,810 million, which was mainly due to higher taxable income from our fixed line business; (iii) income from discontinued operations of Php2,069 million in 2013; (iv) an increase in consolidated revenues by Php2,631 million; and (v) an increase in consolidated other income – net by Php4,827 million. Our consolidated basic and diluted EPS decreased to Php157.51 in 2014 from consolidated basic and diluted EPS of Php163.67 in 2013. Our weighted average number of outstanding common shares was approximately 216.06 million in each of the the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated net income by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


									Change
	2014		%		2013		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Wireless	Php	21,895		64	Php	21,921		62	(Php	26	)		—
Fixed line		6,722		20		7,809		22		(1,087	)		(14	)
Others		5,473		16		3,508		10		1,965			56
Inter-segment transactions		—		—		146		—		(146	)		(100	)

Continuing operations		34,090		100		33,384		94		706			2
Discontinued operations		—		—		2,069		6		(2,069	)		(100	)

Consolidated	Php	34,090		100	Php	35,453		100	(Php	1,363	)		(4	)

Adjusted EBITDA

Our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA amounted to Php76,877 million in 2014, a decrease of Php675 million, or 1%, as compared with Php77,552 million in 2013, primarily due to higher cost of sales and operating expenses driven by repairs and maintenance costs, selling and promotions, taxes and licenses, professional and other contracted services, and rent, partially offset by higher consolidated revenues, and lower compensation and employee benefits, and provision for doubtful accounts.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


											Change
	2014			%		2013			%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Wireless	Php	50,917			66	Php	54,703			70	(Php	3,786	)		(7	)
Fixed line		25,612			33		22,274			29		3,338			15
Others		(56	)		—		(5	)		—		(51	)		1,020
Inter-segment transactions		404			1		580			1		(176	)		(30	)

Continuing operations	Php	76,877			100	Php	77,552			100	(Php	675	)		(1	)

Core Income

Our consolidated core income amounted to Php37,410 million in 2014, a decrease of Php1,307 million, or 3%, as compared with Php38,717 million, including negative core income from discontinued operations of Php99 million, in 2013, primarily due to higher consolidated expenses and higher provision for income tax, partially offset by higher other income and consolidated revenues. Our consolidated basic and diluted core EPS, decreased to Php172.88 in 2014 from Php178.93 in 2013.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated core income by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


										Change
	2014		%		2013			%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Wireless	Php	25,176		67	Php	26,499			69	(Php	1,323	)		(5	)
Fixed line		6,691		18		9,061			23		(2,370	)		(26	)
Others		5,543		15		3,110			8		2,433			78
Inter-segment transactions		—		—		146			—		(146	)		(100	)

Continuing operations		37,410		100		38,816			100		(1,406	)		(4	)
Discontinued operations		—		—		(99	)		—		99			(100	)

Consolidated	Php	37,410		100	Php	38,717			100	(Php	1,307	)		(3	)

On a Business Segment Basis

Wireless

Revenues

We generated revenues from our wireless business of Php118,879 million in 2014, a decrease of Php444 million from Php119,323 million in 2013.

The following table summarizes our total revenues from our wireless business for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 by service segment:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2014		%		2013		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Service Revenues:
Cellular	Php	103,836		87	Php	105,875		89	(Php	2,039	)		(2	)
Wireless broadband, satellite and others
Wireless broadband		10,019		9		9,432		8		587			6
Satellite and others		1,182		1		1,372		1		(190	)		(14	)

		115,037		97		116,679		98		(1,642	)		(1	)
Non-Service Revenues:
Sale of cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs and broadband data modems		3,842		3		2,644		2		1,198			45

Total Wireless Revenues	Php	118,879		100	Php	119,323		100	(Php	444	)		—

Service Revenues

Our wireless service revenues in 2014 decreased by Php1,642 million, or 1%, to Php115,037 million as compared with Php116,679 million in 2013, mainly as a result of lower revenues from our cellular services due to lower domestic and international text messaging revenues, lower international voice revenues, and lower satellite and other service revenues, partially offset by higher mobile internet, domestic voice and VAS revenues, as well as the increase in broadband service revenues. Our dollar-linked revenues were affected by the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar, which increased to a weighted average exchange rate of Php44.40 for the year ended December 31, 2014 from Php42.44 for the year ended December 31, 2013. As a percentage of our total wireless revenues, service revenues accounted for 97% and 98% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Cellular Service

Our cellular service revenues in 2014 amounted to Php103,836 million, a decrease of Php2,039 million, or 2%, from Php105,875 million in 2013. Cellular service revenues accounted for 90% and 91% of our wireless service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

We have focused on segmenting the market by offering sector-specific, value-driven packages for our subscribers. These include load buckets which provide a fixed number of messages with prescribed validity months and call packages which allow a fixed number of calls of preset duration. Starting out as purely on-net packages, buckets now also offer voice, text and hybrid bundles available to all networks. Smart and Sun Cellular also provide packages with unlimited voice, text, data, and combinations thereof, whose denominations depend on the duration and nature of the unlimited packages.

On September 26, 2014, we launched our Free Mobile internet promo whereby subscribers can avail themselves of 30MB of data usage per day, enabling them to use social networking sites, read news and entertainment sites, send and receive email, stream music through Spinnr (an online music portal), and shop online. The offer excludes the use of VoIP and messaging applications, as well as peer-to-peer file sharing applications. The promo was originally effective until February 5, 2015 but was extended until February 28, 2015 with video streaming available during the extension period.

The following table shows the breakdown of our cellular service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Cellular service revenues	Php	103,836	Php	105,875	(Php	2,039	)		(2	)

By service type		100,777		103,642		(2,865	)		(3	)
Prepaid		79,124		84,600		(5,476	)		(6	)
Postpaid		21,653		19,042		2,611			14

By component		100,777		103,642		(2,865	)		(3	)
Voice		50,640		51,384		(744	)		(1	)
Data		50,137		52,258		(2,121	)		(4	)

Others⁽¹⁾		3,059		2,233		826			37

⁽¹⁾

Refers to other non-subscriber-related revenues consisting primarily of inbound international roaming fees, share in revenues from PLDT’s WeRoam and PLP services, a small number of leased line contracts, and revenues from Chikka, SMI and other Smart subsidiaries.

The following table shows other key measures of our cellular business as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%

Cellular subscriber base		69,857,060		70,045,627		(188,567	)		—
Prepaid		67,091,612		67,667,750		(576,138	)		(1	)
Smart		24,877,144		24,608,687		268,457			1
Talk ’N Text		28,149,360		29,485,017		(1,335,657	)		(5	)
Sun Cellular		14,065,108		13,574,046		491,062			4
Postpaid		2,765,448		2,377,877		387,571			16
Sun Cellular		1,725,227		1,488,181		237,046			16
Smart		1,040,221		889,696		150,525			17

Systemwide traffic volumes (in million minutes)
Calls		52,766		55,344		(2,578	)		(5	)
Domestic		49,525		51,504		(1,979	)		(4	)
Inbound		1,120		1,228		(108	)		(9	)
Outbound		48,405		50,276		(1,871	)		(4	)
International		3,241		3,840		(599	)		(16	)
Inbound		2,770		3,216		(446	)		(14	)
Outbound		471		624		(153	)		(25	)


SMS/Data count (in million hits)		424,344		506,702		(82,358	)		(16	)
Text messages		422,358		504,050		(81,692	)		(16	)
Domestic		421,476		503,176		(81,700	)		(16	)
Bucket-Priced/Unlimited		389,321		471,298		(81,977	)		(17	)
Standard		32,155		31,878		277			1
International		882		874		8			1
Value-Added Services		1,977		2,577		(600	)		(23	)
Financial Services		9		75		(66	)		(88	)
Mobile internet (in TB)		48,329		18,092		30,237			167

Revenues generated from our prepaid cellular services amounted to Php79,124 million in 2014, a decrease of Php5,476 million, or 6%, as compared with Php84,600 million in 2013. Prepaid cellular service revenues accounted for 79% and 82% of cellular voice and data revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Revenues generated from postpaid cellular service amounted to Php21,653 million in 2014, an increase of Php2,611 million, or 14%, as compared with Php19,042 million earned in 2013, and which accounted for 21% and 18% of cellular voice and data revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The decrease in revenues from our prepaid cellular services was primarily due to lower text messaging and international voice revenues, partially offset by an increase in mobile internet and domestic outbound voice revenues. The increase in our postpaid cellular service revenues was primarily due to a higher subscriber base.

Voice Services

Cellular revenues from our voice services, which include all voice traffic and voice VAS, such as voice mail and outbound international roaming, decreased by Php744 million, or 1%, to Php50,640 million in 2014 from Php51,384 million in 2013 primarily due to the decline in international voice revenues, partially offset by higher domestic voice revenues. Cellular voice services accounted for 49% in each of our cellular service revenues in 2014 and 2013.

The following table shows the breakdown of our cellular voice revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Voice services:
Domestic
Inbound	Php	4,324	Php	4,655	(Php	331	)		(7	)
Outbound		32,131		30,619		1,512			5

		36,455		35,274		1,181			3

International
Inbound		12,302		13,922		(1,620	)		(12	)
Outbound		1,883		2,188		(305	)		(14	)

		14,185		16,110		(1,925	)		(12	)


Total	Php	50,640	Php	51,384	(Php	744	)		(1	)

Domestic voice service revenues increased by Php1,181 million, or 3%, to Php36,455 million in 2014 from Php35,274 million in 2013, primarily due to an increase in domestic outbound voice service revenues by Php1,512 million, partially offset by lower domestic inbound voice service revenues by Php331 million.

Revenues from domestic outbound voice service increased by Php1,512 million, or 5%, to Php32,131 million in 2014 from Php30,619 million in 2013 mainly due to higher bucket and unlimited revenues, partially offset by the decline in standard voice revenues. Domestic outbound call volumes of 48,405 million minutes decreased by 1,871 million minutes, or 4%, from 50,276 million minutes in 2013 primarily due to lower unlimited and standard voice traffic, partially offset by higher bucket voice traffic.

Revenues from our domestic inbound voice service decreased by Php331 million, or 7%, to Php4,324 million in 2014 from Php4,655 million in 2013 due to lower traffic originating from other mobile carriers. Domestic inbound call volumes of 1,120 million minutes in 2014, decreased by 108 million minutes, or 9%, from 1,228 million minutes in 2013.

100

International voice service revenues decreased by Php1,925 million, or 12%, to Php14,185 million in 2014 from Php16,110 million in 2013 primarily due to lower international inbound voice service revenues by Php1,620 million, or 12%, to Php12,302 million in 2014 from Php13,922 million in 2013, as well as the decline in international outbound voice service revenues by Php305 million, or 14%, to Php1,883 million in 2014 from Php2,188 million in 2013. The decrease in international voice service revenues was due to lower international voice traffic and average international inbound termination rate in U.S. dollar, partially offset by the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar. International inbound and outbound calls totaled 3,241 million minutes, a decrease of 599 million minutes, or 16%, from 3,840 million minutes in 2013. We believe that our international voice services will continue to be negatively affected by OTT services such as Skype and Viber.

Data Services

Cellular revenues from our data services, which include all text messaging-related services, as well as VAS and mobile internet, decreased by Php2,121 million, or 4%, to Php50,137 million in 2014 from Php52,258 million in 2013 primarily due to lower text messaging and VAS revenues, partially offset by higher mobile internet revenues. Cellular data services accounted for 48% and 49% of our cellular service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following table shows the breakdown of our cellular data service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Text messaging
Domestic	Php	37,211	Php	41,822	(Php	4,611	)		(11	)
Bucket-Priced/Unlimited		25,717		29,411		(3,694	)		(13	)
Standard		11,494		12,411		(917	)		(7	)
International		3,189		3,519		(330	)		(9	)

		40,400		45,341		(4,941	)		(11	)


Mobile internet⁽¹⁾		8,079		4,968		3,111			63

Value-added services⁽²⁾		1,658		1,949		(291	)		(15	)


Total	Php	50,137	Php	52,258	(Php	2,121	)		(4	)

⁽¹⁾

Includes revenues from web-based services, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs.

⁽²⁾

Includes revenues from SMS-based VAS (info-on-demand and voice text services, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs); multi-media messaging system, or MMS-based VAS (point-to-point MMS and content download services, such as ringtone, logo or music downloads, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs); Pasa Load/Give-a-load (which allows prepaid and postpaid subscribers to transfer small denominations of air time credits to other prepaid subscribers and Dial *SOS which allows Smart and Talk ‘N Text prepaid subscribers to borrow Php4 of load (Php3 on-net SMS plus Php1 air time) from Smart which will be deducted upon their next top-up); and revenues for financial services which include revenues from Smart Money Clicks via Smart Menu and mobile banking. Smart Money Clicks includes the following services: balance inquiry, re-load prepaid accts, bills payment, card management and internet purchases.

101

Text messaging-related services contributed revenues of Php40,400 million in 2014, a decrease of Php4,941 million, or 11%, as compared with Php45,341 million in 2013, and accounted for 81% and 87% of our total cellular data service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The decrease in revenues from text messaging-related services resulted mainly from lower bucket-priced/unlimited and standard SMS, as well as lower international text messaging revenues. Text messaging revenues from various bucket-priced/unlimited SMS offers totaled Php25,717 million in 2014, a decrease of Php3,694 million, or 13%, as compared with Php29,411 million in 2013. Bucket-priced/unlimited text messages decreased by 81,977 million, or 17%, to 389,321 million in 2014 from 471,298 million in 2013.

Standard text messaging revenues, which includes inbound and outbound standard SMS revenues, decreased by Php917 million, or 7%, to Php11,494 million in 2014 from Php12,411 million in 2013, mainly due to a decrease in outbound standard SMS revenues primarily as a result of increased preference for messaging through various mobile applications, social networking sites and other OTT services, partly offset by the increase in domestic inbound SMS revenues. Outbound standard text messages decreased by 1,743 million, or 13%, to 11,911 million in 2014 from 13,654 million in 2013, while inbound standard text messages more than offset the decrease, increasing by 2,020 million, or 10%, to 20,244 million in 2014 from 18,224 million in 2013.

International text messaging revenues amounted to Php3,189 million in 2014, a decrease of Php330 million, or 9%, from Php3,519 million in 2013. Despite higher SMS traffic, revenues declined due mainly to lower international SMS rates driven by various promotions launched and enhanced bucket offers, partially offset by the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar.

Mobile internet service revenues increased by Php3,111 million, or 63%, to Php8,079 million in 2014 from Php4,968 million in 2013 as a result of higher traffic for mobile internet browsing mainly due to widened utilization of mobile applications, social networking sites and other OTT services. Mobile internet usage registered an increase of 30,237 terabyte, or TB, or 167%, to 48,329 TB, in 2014, from 18,092 TB in 2013, including traffic from the “Free Internet” promotion launched in September 2014. Our “Free Internet” promotion ended on February 28, 2015.

VAS contributed revenues of Php1,658 million in 2014, a decrease of Php291 million, or 15%, as compared with Php1,949 million in 2013, primarily due to lower revenues from MMS-based, Pasa Load/Give-a-Load and SMS-based VAS.

Subscriber Base, ARPU and Churn Rates

As at December 31, 2014, our cellular subscribers totaled 69,857,060 a decrease of 188,567, over the cellular subscriber base of 70,045,627 as at December 31, 2013. Our cellular prepaid subscriber base decreased by 576,138, or 1%, to 67,091,612 as at December 31, 2014 from 67,667,750 as at December 31, 2013, while our cellular postpaid subscriber base increased by 387,571, or 16%, to 2,765,448 as at December 31, 2014 from 2,377,877 as at December 31, 2013. The decrease in subscriber base was primarily due to lower Talk ‘N Text subscribers by 1,335,657, or 5%, partially offset by an increase in Sun Cellular subscribers by 728,108, or 5%, and an increase in Smart subscribers by 418,982, or 2%. Prepaid subscribers exclude those subscribers whose minimum balance is derived via accumulation from its rewards program. Prepaid subscribers accounted for 96% and 97% of our total subscriber base as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

102

Our net subscriber activations (reductions) for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:


							Increase (Decrease)
	2014			2013			Amount			%

Prepaid		(576,138	)		56,213			(632,351	)		(1,125	)
Smart		268,457			(452,766	)		721,223			(159	)
Talk ’N Text		(1,335,657	)		1,039,964			(2,375,621	)		(228	)
Sun Cellular		491,062			(530,985	)		1,022,047			(192	)

Postpaid		387,571			122,956			264,615			215
Smart		150,525			206,216			(55,691	)		(27	)
Sun Cellular		237,046			(83,260	)		320,306			(385	)


Total		(188,567	)		179,169			(367,736	)		(205	)

The following table summarizes our average monthly churn rates for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014		2013
	(in %)

Prepaid
Smart		5.8		5.3
Talk ’N Text		5.8		5.2
Sun Cellular		9.7		10.6

Postpaid
Smart		2.7		2.7
Sun Cellular		1.8		3.2

For Smart Prepaid subscribers, the average monthly churn rate in 2014 and 2013 were 5.8% and 5.3%, respectively, while the average monthly churn rate for Talk ’N Text subscribers were 5.8% and 5.2% in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The average monthly churn rate for Sun Cellular prepaid subscribers were 9.7% and 10.6% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

103

The average monthly churn rate for Smart Postpaid subscribers in each of 2014 and 2013 was 2.7%, while for Sun Cellular postpaid subscribers were 1.8% and 3.2% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following table summarizes our average monthly cellular ARPUs for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Gross⁽¹⁾				Increase (Decrease)						Net⁽²⁾				Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%			2014		2013		Amount			%

Prepaid
Smart	Php	143	Php	164	(Php	21	)		(13	)	Php	129	Php	144	(Php	15	)		(10	)
Talk ’N Text		97		96		1			1			88		85		3			4
Sun Cellular		72		68		4			6			66		61		5			8
Postpaid
Smart		1,088		1,140		(52	)		(5	)		1,078		1,127		(49	)		(4	)
Sun Cellular		481		483		(2	)		—			477		480		(3	)		(1	)

⁽¹⁾

Gross monthly ARPU is calculated by dividing gross cellular service revenues for the month, gross of discounts, allocated content provider costs and interconnection income but excluding inbound roaming revenues, by the average number of subscribers in the month.

⁽²⁾

Net monthly ARPU is calculated by dividing gross cellular service revenues for the month, including interconnection income, but excluding inbound roaming revenues, net of discounts and content provider costs, by the average number of subscribers in the month.

Our average monthly prepaid and postpaid ARPUs per quarter of 2014 and 2013 were as follows:


	Prepaid												Postpaid
	Smart				Talk ’N Text				Sun Cellular				Smart				Sun Cellular
	Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾

2014
First Quarter		147		132		97		87		75		67		1,098		1,086		478		476
Second Quarter		149		134		99		89		73		66		1,081		1,074		471		467
Third Quarter		139		124		96		87		70		64		1,080		1,068		473		469
Fourth Quarter		138		125		98		89		71		65		1,095		1,084		501		497

2013
First Quarter		160		141		98		87		66		57		1,168		1,154		458		455
Second Quarter		160		141		98		87		66		58		1,167		1,153		499		495
Third Quarter		161		142		92		82		66		60		1,111		1,099		479		476
Fourth Quarter		174		153		96		85		72		68		1,113		1,102		495		493

⁽¹⁾

Gross monthly ARPU is calculated based on the average of the gross monthly ARPUs for the quarter.

⁽²⁾

Net monthly ARPU is calculated based on the average of the net monthly ARPUs for the quarter.

Wireless Broadband, Satellite and Other Services

Our revenues from wireless broadband, satellite and other services consist mainly of wireless broadband service revenues from SBI and DMPI, charges for ACeS Philippines’ satellite information and messaging services and service revenues generated by the MVNO of PLDT Global’s subsidiary.

Wireless Broadband

Revenues from our wireless broadband services increased by Php587 million, or 6%, to Php10,019 million in 2014 from Php9,432 million in 2013, primarily due to an increase in prepaid revenues by Php350 million, or 12%, to Php3,173 million in 2014 from Php2,823 million in 2013, and higher postpaid revenues by Php237 million, or 4%, to Php6,846 million in 2014 from Php6,609 million in 2013.

104

The following table shows information of our wireless broadband revenues and subscriber base as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%

Wireless Broadband Revenues (in millions)	Php	10,019	Php	9,432	Php	587			6
Prepaid		3,173		2,823		350			12
Postpaid		6,846		6,609		237			4

Wireless Broadband Subscribers		2,986,146		2,453,826		532,320			22
Prepaid		2,142,566		1,669,618		472,948			28
Smart		1,795,039		1,359,862		435,177			32
Sun		347,527		309,756		37,771			12
Postpaid		843,580		784,208		59,372			8
Smart		514,327		549,347		(35,020	)		(6	)
Sun		329,253		234,861		94,392			40

Smart Broadband and Sun Broadband Wireless, SBI’s and DMPI’s broadband services, respectively, offer a number of wireless broadband services and had a total of 2,986,146 subscribers as at December 31, 2014, a net increase of 532,320 subscribers, or 22%, as compared with 2,453,826 subscribers as at December 31, 2013, primarily due to a net increase in Smart Broadband subscribers by 400,157, or 21%, complemented by an increase in Sun Broadband subscribers by 132,163, or 24%, as at December 31, 2014. Our prepaid wireless broadband subscriber base increased by 472,948 subscribers, or 28%, to 2,142,566 subscribers as at December 31, 2014 from 1,669,618 subscribers as at December 31, 2013, while our postpaid wireless broadband subscriber base increased by 59,372 subscribers, or 8%, to 843,580 subscribers as at December 31, 2014 from 784,208 subscribers as at December 31, 2013.

Smart Broadband offers internet access through SmartBro Plug-It, a wireless modem and SmartBro Pocket WiFi, a portable wireless router which can be shared by multiple users at a time. Both provide connectivity at varying speeds supported by Smart’s network utilizing either 3G HSPA, 4G HSPA+ or LTE technology. SmartBro Plug-It and SmartBro Pocket WiFi are available in both postpaid and prepaid variants. Smart Broadband also has an additional array of load packages that offer time-based charging with different validity periods, as well as Always On packages, which offer volume-based charging.

Smart Broadband also offers PLDT HOMEBro, a fixed wireless broadband service being offered under PLDT’s HOME brand. PLDT HOMEBro is powered by Smart’s wireless broadband base stations which allow subscribers to connect to the internet using indoor or outdoor customer premises equipment through various wireless technologies. LTE powers Ultera, our latest fixed wireless internet offering designed for the home.

DMPI’s Sun Broadband Wireless is an affordable high-speed wireless broadband service utilizing advanced 3.5G HSPA technology on an all-IP network offering various plans and packages to internet users.

Satellite and Other Services

Revenues from our satellite and other services decreased by Php190 million, or 14%, to Php1,182 million in 2014 from Php1,372 million in 2013, primarily due to a decrease in the number of ACeS Philippines’ subscribers and lower revenue contribution from MVNO of PLDT Global, partially offset by the effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of Php44.40 in the year ended December 31, 2014 from Php42.44 for the year ended December 31, 2013 on our U.S. dollar and U.S. dollar-linked satellite and other service revenues.

105

Non-Service Revenues

Our wireless non-service revenues consist of proceeds from sales of cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs and broadband data modems and accessories. Our wireless non-service revenues increased by Php1,198 million, or 45%, to Php3,842 million in 2014 from Php2,644 million in 2013, primarily due to increased availments for broadband Pocket WiFi, broadband accessories and computer packages, as well as higher cellular activation and retention packages, partly offset by lower quantity of broadband Plug-It modems issued.

Expenses

Expenses associated with our wireless business amounted to Php89,102 million in 2014, an increase of Php4,428 million, or 5%, from Php84,674 million in 2013. A significant portion of this increase was attributable to higher expenses related to asset impairment, cost of sales, rent, repairs and maintenance, selling and promotions, taxes and licenses, professional and other contracted services, and amortization of intangible assets, partially offset by lower compensation and employee benefits, and other operating expenses. As a percentage of our total wireless revenues, expenses associated with our wireless business accounted for 75% and 71% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following table summarizes the breakdown of our total wireless-related expenses for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and the percentage of each expense item in relation to the total:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2014		%		2013		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Depreciation and amortization	Php	16,375		18	Php	16,358		19	Php	17			—
Cost of sales		11,632		13		10,182		12		1,450			14
Rent		11,008		12		10,148		12		860			8
Repairs and maintenance		8,666		10		7,861		9		805			10
Selling and promotions		8,512		10		7,944		10		568			7
Interconnection costs		8,229		9		8,141		10		88			1
Compensation and employee benefits		6,944		8		8,730		10		(1,786	)		(20	)
Asset impairment		5,620		6		3,918		5		1,702			43
Professional and other contracted services		5,287		6		4,841		6		446			9
Taxes and licenses		2,944		3		2,410		3		534			22
Insurance and security services		1,274		2		1,156		1		118			10
Amortization of intangible assets		1,149		1		1,018		1		131			13
Communication, training and travel		1,084		1		1,029		1		55			5
Other expenses		378		1		938		1		(560	)		(60	)

Total	Php	89,102		100	Php	84,674		100	Php	4,428			5

Depreciation and amortization charges increased by Php17 million to Php16,375 million primarily due to a higher depreciable asset base.

Cost of sales increased by Php1,450 million, or 14%, to Php11,632 million primarily due to increased handset and modem issuances for cellular and broadband activation and retention, and higher average cost of cellular handsets/SIM-packs and broadband modems.

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Rent expenses increased by Php860 million, or 8%, to Php11,008 million primarily due to an increase in site and leased circuit rental charges as a result of our expanded network, and an increase in office building rental.

Repairs and maintenance expenses increased by Php805 million, or 10%, to Php8,666 million mainly due to higher site maintenance and technical support on cellular and broadband network facilities as a result of our expanded network, higher electricity and fuel consumption, and higher IT hardware, partially offset by lower building maintenance costs.

Selling and promotion expenses increased by Php568 million, or 7%, to Php8,512 million primarily due to higher advertising costs, premium items and prizes, as well as higher commissions expense, partially offset by lower public relations expense.

Interconnection costs increased by Php88 million, or 1%, to Php8,229 million primarily due to an increase in interconnection charges on international roaming and domestic SMS services, partially offset by lower interconnection cost on domestic voice and international SMS services.

Compensation and employee benefits expenses decreased by Php1,786 million, or 20%, to Php6,944 million primarily due to lower manpower rightsizing program, or MRP, and LTIP costs, and salaries and employee benefits, partly offset by higher provision for pension benefits. Employee headcount increased to 7,725 as at December 31, 2014 as compared with 7,680 as at December 31, 2013.

Asset impairment increased by Php1,702 million, or 43%, to Php5,620 million primarily due to higher impairment on certain network equipment and higher provision for uncollectible receivables.

Professional and other contracted service fees increased by Php446 million, or 9%, to Php5,287 million primarily due to an increase in audit, outsourced and contracted service fees, market research and collection agency fees, partly offset by lower consultancy service fees.

Taxes and licenses increased by Php534 million, or 22%, to Php2,944 million due to higher business-related taxes.

Insurance and security services increased by Php118 million, or 10%, to Php1,274 million primarily due to higher group health insurance, bond premiums, and site security expenses, partly offset by lower office security expenses.

Amortization of intangible assets increased by Php131 million, or 13%, to Php1,149 million primarily due to license fees paid for exclusive partnership and use of music catalogues.

Communication, training and travel expenses increased by Php55 million, or 5%, to Php1,084 million primarily due to higher fuel consumption costs for vehicles, and freight and hauling, partially offset by lower communication charges and local training expenses.

Other expenses decreased by Php560 million, or 60%, to Php378 million primarily due to lower various business and operational-related expenses.

107

Other Expenses

The following table summarizes the breakdown of our total wireless-related other income (expenses) for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


							Change
	2014			2013			Amount			%
	(in millions)
Other Income (Expenses):
Interest income	Php	217		Php	324		(Php	107	)		(33	)
Equity share in net losses of associates		(11	)		(54	)		43			(80	)
Losses on derivative financial instruments – net		(34	)		(18	)		(16	)		89
Foreign exchange losses – net		(464	)		(1,814	)		1,350			(74	)
Financing costs – net		(1,646	)		(3,232	)		1,586			(49	)
Other income – net		1,214			928			286			31

Total	(Php	724	)	(Php	3,866	)	Php	3,142			(81	)

Our wireless business’ other expenses amounted to Php724 million in 2014, a decrease of Php3,142 million, or 81%, from Php3,866 million in 2013, primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (i) lower net financing costs by Php1,586 million primarily due to a decrease on accretion on financial liabilities as a result of lower amortization of debt discount, and lower average interest rates on loans, partly offset by lower capitalized interest; (ii) lower net foreign exchange losses by Php1,350 million on account of the revaluation of net foreign currency-denominated liabilities due to lower level of depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar; (iii) an increase in other income by Php286 million mainly due to net gain on insurance claims; (iv) lower equity share in net losses of associates by Php43 million; (v) higher net losses on derivative financial instruments by Php16 million mainly due to the forward contracts that matured in the second quarter of 2014 where the Philippine peso appreciated relative to the U.S. dollar as against a depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar in 2013; and (vi) a decrease in interest income by Php107 million mainly due to lower weighted average peso and dollar interest rates on account of low interest rate environment.

Provision for Income Tax

Provision for income tax decreased by Php1,704 million, or 19%, to Php7,158 million in 2014 from Php8,862 million in 2013 primarily due to lower taxable income and recognition of deferred income tax. The effective tax rates for our wireless business were 25% and 29% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, our wireless business’ net income decreased by Php26 million to Php21,895 million in 2014 from Php21,921 million recorded in 2013.

Adjusted EBITDA

Our wireless business’ Adjusted EBITDA decreased by Php3,786 million, or 7%, to Php50,917 million in 2014 from Php54,703 million in 2013.

Core Income

Our wireless business’ core income decreased by Php1,323 million, or 5%, to Php25,176 million in 2014 from Php26,499 million in 2013 on account of higher wireless-related operating expenses and a decrease in wireless revenues, partially offset by a decrease in other expenses and lower provision for income tax.

108

Fixed Line

Revenues

Revenues generated from our fixed line business amounted to Php67,235 million in 2014, an increase of Php3,668 million, or 6%, from Php63,567 million in 2013.

The following table summarizes our total revenues from our fixed line business for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 by service segment:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2014		%		2013		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Service Revenues:
Local exchange	Php	16,587		25	Php	16,274		26	Php	313			2
International long distance		11,404		17		11,422		18		(18	)		—
National long distance		4,365		6		4,583		7		(218	)		(5	)
Data and other network		30,334		45		27,472		43		2,862			10
Miscellaneous		2,474		4		2,119		3		355			17

		65,164		97		61,870		97		3,294			5
Non-Service Revenues:
Sale of computers, phone units and SIM cards		2,071		3		1,697		3		374			22

Total Fixed Line Revenues	Php	67,235		100	Php	63,567		100	Php	3,668			6

Service Revenues

Our fixed line business provides local exchange service, national and international long distance services, data and other network services, and miscellaneous services. Our fixed line service revenues increased by Php3,294 million, or 5%, to Php65,164 million in 2014 from Php61,870 million in 2013 due to an increase in revenues from our data and other network, miscellaneous, and local exchange services, partially offset by a decrease in national and international long distance service revenues.

Local Exchange Service

The following table summarizes the key measures of our local exchange service business as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%

Total local exchange service revenues (in millions)	Php	16,587	Php	16,274	Php	313			2
Number of fixed line subscribers		2,207,889		2,069,419		138,470			7
Postpaid		2,149,846		2,009,593		140,253			7
Prepaid		58,043		59,826		(1,783	)		(3	)
Number of fixed line employees		7,466		7,415		51			1
Number of fixed line subscribers per employee		296		279		17			6

109

Revenues from our local exchange service increased by Php313 million, or 2%, to Php16,587 million in 2014 from Php16,274 million in 2013, primarily due to higher weighted average postpaid billed lines, an increase in ARPU and higher installation and activation charges, partially offset by lower other local services. The percentage contribution of local exchange revenues to our total fixed line service revenues were 25% and 26% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

International Long Distance Service

The following table shows our international long distance service revenues and call volumes for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2014		2013		Amount			%

Total international long distance service revenues (in millions)	Php	11,404	Php	11,422	(Php	18	)		—
Inbound		10,237		10,105		132			1
Outbound		1,167		1,317		(150	)		(11	)

International call volumes (in million minutes, except call ratio)		2,028		2,185		(157	)		(7	)
Inbound		1,739		1,806		(67	)		(4	)
Outbound		289		379		(90	)		(24	)
Inbound-outbound call ratio		6.0:1		4.8:1		—			—

Our total international long distance service revenues decreased by Php18 million to Php11,404 million in 2014 from Php11,422 million in 2013, primarily due to lower call volumes, partially offset by the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar to Php44.40 for the year ended December 31, 2014 from Php42.44 for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the increase in average billing and settlement rates in dollar terms. The percentage contribution of international long distance service revenues to our total fixed line service revenues accounted for 17% and 19% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Our revenues from inbound international long distance service increased by Php132 million, or 1%, to Php10,237 million in 2014 from Php10,105 million in 2013 primarily due to the favorable effect on our inbound revenues of a higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar and the increase in average settlement rate in dollar terms, partially offset by the decrease in inbound call volumes.

Our revenues from outbound international long distance service decreased by Php150 million, or 11%, to Php1,167 million in 2014 from Php1,317 million in 2013, primarily due to the decrease in call volumes, partially offset by the increase in the average billing rate in U.S. dollar terms and the favorable effect of the depreciation of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar.

Our total international long distance service revenues, net of interconnection costs, decreased by Php151 million, or 3%, to Php4,403 million in 2014 from Php4,554 million in 2013. The decrease was primarily due to lower call volumes and a decrease in the average settlement rate in dollar terms, partially offset by the favorable effect of the depreciation of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar and the increase in average billing rate in U.S. dollar terms.

110

National Long Distance Service

The following table shows our national long distance service revenues and call volumes for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


					Decrease
	2014		2013		Amount			%

Total national long distance service revenues (in millions)	Php	4,365	Php	4,583	(Php	218	)		(5	)
National long distance call volumes (in million minutes)		819		852		(33	)		(4	)

Our national long distance service revenues decreased by Php218 million, or 5%, to Php4,365 million in 2014 from Php4,583 million in 2013, primarily due to a decrease in call volumes, partially offset by higher average revenue per minute of our national long distance services as a result of higher calls terminating to cellular mobile subscribers. The percentage contribution of national long distance revenues to our fixed line service revenues was 7% in each of 2014 and 2013. Our national long distance service revenues, net of interconnection costs, decreased by Php123 million, or 3%, to Php3,424 million in 2014 from Php3,547 million in 2013, primarily due to a decrease in call volumes.

Data and Other Network Services

The following table shows information of our data and other network service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Increase

2014

2013

Amount

Data and other network service revenues (in millions)

Php

30,334

Php

27,472

Php

2,862

Domestic

21,848

19,917

1,931

Broadband

13,876

12,268

1,608

Leased Lines and Others

7,972

7,649

323

International

Leased Lines and Others

6,412

5,787

625

Data Centers

2,074

1,768

306

Subscriber base

Broadband

1,089,004

961,967

127,037

SWUP

35,869

30,302

5,567

Our data and other network services posted revenues of Php30,334 million in 2014, an increase of Php2,862 million, or 10%, from Php27,472 million in 2013, primarily due to higher domestic data revenues from DSL, Fibr, Shops.Work and Diginet, international data revenues primarily from i-Gate, and data centers revenues. The percentage contribution of this service segment to our fixed line service revenues was 47% and 45% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Domestic

Domestic data services contributed Php21,848 million in 2014, an increase of Php1,931 million, or 10%, as compared with Php19,917 million in 2013 mainly due to higher DSL and Fibr revenues, Shops.Work subscribers as customer locations and bandwidth requirements continued to expand and higher demand for offshoring and outsourcing services and higher Diginet revenues. The percentage contribution of domestic data service revenues to total data and other network services were 72% and 73% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

111

Broadband

Broadband data services include DSL broadband internet service, which is intended for individual internet users, small and medium enterprises, and large corporations with multiple branches, and Fibr, our most advanced broadband internet connection, which is intended for individual internet users. Broadband data revenues amounted to Php13,876 million in 2014, an increase of Php1,608 million, or 13%, from Php12,268 million in 2013 as a result of the increase in the number of subscribers by 127,037, or 13%, to 1,089,004 subscribers as at December 31, 2014 from 961,967 subscribers as at December 31, 2013. Broadband revenues accounted for 46% and 45% of total data and other network service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Leased Lines and Others

Leased lines and other data services include: (1) Diginet, our domestic private leased line service providing Smart’s fiber optic and leased line data requirements; (2) IP-VPN, a managed corporate IP network that offers a secure means to access corporate network resources; (3) Metro Ethernet, our high-speed wide area networking services that enable mission-critical data transfers; (4) Shops.Work, our connectivity solution for retailers and franchisers that links company branches to their head office; and (5) SWUP, our wireless VPN service that powers mobile point-of-sale terminals and off-site bank ATMs, as well as other retail outlets located in remote areas. As at December 31, 2014, SWUP had a total subscriber base of 35,869, up by 5,567, or 18%, from 30,302 subscribers as at December 31, 2013. Leased lines and other data revenues amounted to Php7,972 million in 2014, an increase of Php323 million, or 4%, from Php7,649 million in 2013, primarily due to higher revenues from Shops.Work, Diginet and IP-VPN. The percentage contribution of leased lines and other data service revenues to the total data and other network services were 26% and 28% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

International

Leased Lines and Others

International leased lines and other data services consist mainly of: (1) i-Gate, our premium dedicated internet access service that provides high speed connectivity to the internet, and is intended for enterprises and VAS providers; (2) Fibernet, which provides bilateral point-to-point private networking connectivity, through the use of our extensive international alliances to offshore and outsourcing, banking and finance, and semiconductor industries; and (3) other international managed data services in partnership with other global service providers, which provide data networking services to multinational companies. International data service revenues increased by Php625 million, or 11%, to Php6,412 million in 2014 from Php5,787 million in 2013, primarily due to higher i-Gate revenues and IP-VPN local access services, and an increase in revenues from various global service providers, as well as the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar. The percentage contribution of international data service revenues to total data and other network service revenues was 21% in each of 2014 and 2013.

112

Data Centers

Data centers provide colocation or rental services, server hosting, disaster recovery and business continuity services, intrusion detection, security services, such as firewalls and managed firewalls. As at December 31, 2014, ePLDT Group has a total of 2,340 rack capacity in five locations covering Metro Manila, Subic and Cebu. Data center revenues increased by Php306 million, or 17%, to Php2,074 million in 2014 from Php1,768 million in 2013 mainly due to higher revenues from colocation and managed services. The percentage contribution of this service segment to our total data and other network service revenues were 7% and 6% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Miscellaneous Services

Miscellaneous service revenues are derived mostly from rental, outsourcing and facilities management fees, and directory advertising. These service revenues increased by Php355 million, or 17%, to Php2,474 million in 2014 from Php2,119 million in 2013 mainly due to higher outsourcing and management fees and colocation charges. The percentage contribution of miscellaneous service revenues to our total fixed line service revenues were 4% and 3% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Non-service Revenues

Non-service revenues increased by Php374 million, or 22%, to Php2,071 million in 2014 from Php1,697 million in 2013, primarily due to higher revenues as a result of the launching of 2-in-1 wireless HOME bundles, FabTAB for myDSL retention and TVolution units and from the sale of several managed PABX and OnCall solution, Telpad units and equipment for PLDT UNO, a managed unified communications offering, partially offset by lower PLP units and computer-bundled sales.

113

Expenses

Expenses related to our fixed line business totaled Php56,855 million in 2014, an increase of Php880 million, or 2%, as compared with Php55,975 million in 2013. The increase was primarily due to higher expenses related to depreciation and amortization, repairs and maintenance, professional and other contracted services, selling and promotions, cost of sales, communication, training and travel, and taxes and licenses, partly offset by lower expenses related to asset impairment, compensation and employee benefits, rent and interconnection costs. As a percentage of our total fixed line revenues, expenses associated with our fixed line business accounted for 85% and 88% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following table shows the breakdown of our total fixed line-related expenses for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and the percentage of each expense item to the total:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2014		%		2013		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Depreciation and amortization	Php	15,004		26	Php	13,946		25	Php	1,058			8
Compensation and employee benefits		11,825		21		12,668		23		(843	)		(7	)
Interconnection costs		8,117		14		8,196		15		(79	)		(1	)
Repairs and maintenance		6,956		12		5,930		10		1,026			17
Professional and other contracted services		4,183		8		3,794		7		389			10
Rent		2,619		5		2,794		5		(175	)		(6	)
Selling and promotions		2,126		4		1,860		3		266			14
Cost of sales		1,903		3		1,665		3		238			14
Taxes and licenses		1,568		3		1,515		3		53			3
Insurance and security services		717		1		762		1		(45	)		(6	)
Communication, training and travel		631		1		546		1		85			16
Asset impairment		426		1		1,625		3		(1,199	)		(74	)
Amortization of intangible assets		—		—		2		—		(2	)		(100	)
Other expenses		780		1		672		1		108			16

Total	Php	56,855		100	Php	55,975		100	Php	880			2

Depreciation and amortization charges increased by Php1,058 million, or 8%, to Php15,004 million due to a higher depreciable asset base.

Compensation and employee benefits expenses decreased by Php843 million, or 7%, to Php11,825 million primarily due to lower MRP, LTIP costs, and salaries and employee benefits, partially offset by higher provision for pension benefits. Employee headcount decreased to 9,772 in 2014 as compared with 10,219 in 2013 mainly due to a decrease in ePLDT Group’s headcount.

Interconnection costs decreased by Php79 million, or 1%, to Php8,117 million primarily due to lower national interconnection/settlement costs due to lower national sent paid calls that terminated to other domestic carriers and data and other network interconnection/settlement costs particularly Fibernet and Infonet, partially offset by higher international interconnection/settlement costs as a result of higher average settlement rate to other domestic carriers.

Repairs and maintenance expenses increased by Php1,026 million, or 17%, to Php6,956 million primarily due to higher repairs and maintenance costs on cable and wire facilities, as well as central office/telecoms equipment, an increase in office electricity expenses, higher IT software and hardware maintenance costs, and higher site gas and fuel, partially offset by lower repairs and maintenance costs for buildings.

114

Professional and other contracted service expenses increased by Php389 million, or 10%, to Php4,183 million primarily due to higher contracted, payment facility and technical service fees, partially offset by lower consultancy, legal fees, outsource costs and bill printing fees.

Rent expenses decreased by Php175 million, or 6%, to Php2,619 million primarily due to decrease in leased circuit rental charges.

Selling and promotion expenses increased by Php266 million, or 14%, to Php2,126 million primarily due to higher advertising, commissions, and events costs partially offset by lower public relations expenses.

Cost of sales increased by Php238 million, or 14%, to Php1,903 million primarily due to the launching of 2-in-1 wireless HOME bundles, FabTab for myDSL retention and TVolution units, and higher sales of Telpad units, partially offset by lower PLP units sold.

Taxes and licenses increased by Php53 million, or 3%, to Php1,568 million as a result of higher business-related taxes.

Insurance and security services decreased by Php45 million, or 6%, to Php717 million primarily due to lower insurance and bond premiums, partially offset by higher expenses on office security services and group health insurance premiums.

Communication, training and travel expenses increased by Php85 million, or 16%, to Php631 million mainly due to higher training and travel, and communication, and mailing and courier charges, partly offset by lower fuel consumption costs.

Asset impairment decreased by Php1,199 million, or 74%, to Php426 million mainly due to lower provision for uncollectible receivables, partly offset by fixed asset impairment on certain transmission facilities in 2014.

Amortization of intangible assets amounted to Php2 million in 2013.

Other expenses increased by Php108 million, or 16%, to Php780 million primarily due to higher various business and operational-related expenses.

Other Expenses

The following table summarizes the breakdown of our total fixed line-related other income (expenses) for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


							Change
	2014			2013			Amount			%
	(in millions)

Other Income (Expenses):
Interest income	Php	350		Php	392		(Php	42	)		(11	)
Equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates		63			(86	)		149			(173	)
Gains on derivative financial instruments – net		11			523			(512	)		(98	)
Foreign exchange losses – net		(39	)		(1,503	)		1,464			(97	)
Financing costs – net		(3,724	)		(3,390	)		(334	)		10
Other income – net		2,499			3,583			(1,084	)		(30	)

Total	(Php	840	)	(Php	481	)	(Php	359	)		75

115

Our fixed line business’ other expenses amounted to Php840 million in 2014, an increase of Php359 million, or 75%, from Php481 million in 2013 due to the combined effects of the following: (i) a decrease in other income by Php1,084 million due to gain on sale of Philweb shares in 2013 and lower gain on insurance claims, partially offset by higher gain on fair value adjustment on investment properties and gain on purchase price adjustment in relation with the acquisition of Digitel recognized in 2014; (ii) lower gain on derivative financial instruments by Php512 million due to narrower dollar and peso interest rate differentials in 2014 as compared with 2013, and losses on matured Euro/U.S. dollar forward purchase contracts due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro; (iii) higher financing costs by Php334 million mainly due to higher outstanding debt balance and the effect of the depreciation of the weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar, partly offset by lower financing charges, lower average interest rate, and higher capitalized interest; (iv) a decrease in interest income by Php42 million due to lower weighted average peso and dollar interest rates, partly offset by higher amount of placements and the depreciation of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar; (v) lower foreign exchange losses by Php1,464 million on account of revaluation of net foreign currency-denominated liabilities due to lower level of depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar; and (vi) equity share in net earnings of associates of Php63 million in 2014 as against equity share in net losses of associates of Php86 million in 2013 mainly due the increase in the share of net earnings of Cignal TV.

Provision for (Benefit from) Income Tax

Provision for income tax amounted to Php2,818 million in 2014, an increase of Php3,516 million, from a tax benefit of Php698 million in 2013 primarily due to higher taxable income and the recognition of deferred tax assets in 2013. The effective tax rates for our fixed line business were 30% and negative 10% in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, our fixed line business contributed a net income of Php6,722 million in 2014, a decrease of Php1,087 million, or 14%, as compared with Php7,809 million in 2013.

Adjusted EBITDA

Our fixed line business’ Adjusted EBITDA increased by Php3,338 million, or 15%, to Php25,612 million in 2014 from Php22,274 million in 2013.

Core Income

Our fixed line business’ core income decreased by Php2,370 million, or 26%, to Php6,691 million in 2014 from Php9,061 million in 2013, primarily as a result of higher provision for income tax, higher fixed line expenses and an increase in other expenses, partially offset by higher fixed line revenues.

116

Others

Other Income

The following table summarizes the breakdown of other income for other business segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


						Change
	2014			2013		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Other Income (Expenses):
Equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures	Php	3,789		Php	2,882	Php	907			31
Interest income		295			249		46			18
Foreign exchange gains – net		121			424		(303	)		(71	)
Financing costs-net		(60	)		—		(60	)		(100	)
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net		(78	)		6		(84	)		(1,400	)
Other income – net		1,544			36		1,508			4,189

Total	Php	5,611		Php	3,597	Php	2,014			56

Other income increased by Php2,014 million, or 56%, to Php5,611 million in 2014 from Php3,597 million in 2013 primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (i) higher other income by Php1,508 million due to the realized portion of deferred gain on the transfer of Meralco shares; (ii) higher equity share in net earnings of associates by Php907 million mainly due to the increase in equity share in the net earnings of Beacon and Beta; (iii) an increase in interest income by Php46 million; (iv) increase in financing costs of Php60 million; (v) losses on derivative financial instruments of Php78 million in 2014 as against gains on derivative financial instruments of Php6 million in 2013; and (vi) decrease in net foreign exchange gains of Php303 million.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, our other business segment registered a net income of Php5,473 million, an increase of Php1,965 million, or 56%, in 2014 from Php3,508 million in 2013.

Core Income

Our other business segment’s core income amounted to Php5,543 million in 2014, an increase of Php2,433 million, or 78%, as compared with Php3,110 million in 2013 mainly as a result of higher other income.

117

Years Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

On a Consolidated Basis

Revenues

We reported consolidated revenues of Php168,331 million in 2013, an increase of Php5,298 million, or 3%, as compared with Php163,033 million in 2012, primarily due to higher cellular and broadband revenues from our wireless business, and higher revenues from data and other network, and miscellaneous services from our fixed line business, partially offset by lower revenues from national long distance, local exchange and international long distance services from our fixed line business, and lower satellite and other services from our wireless business.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated revenues by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


													Change
	2013			%			2012⁽¹⁾			%			Amount			%
	(in millions)
Wireless	Php	119,323			71		Php	115,932			71		Php	3,391			3
Fixed line		63,567			38			60,246			37			3,321			6
Others⁽²⁾		—			—			—			—			—			—
Inter-segment transactions		(14,559	)		(9	)		(13,145	)		(8	)		(1,414	)		11

Consolidated	Php	168,331			100		Php	163,033			100		Php	5,298			3

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

⁽²⁾

See Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Results of Operations – Years Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 – Other Income (Expenses)” for a discussion of income and expenses relating to the Others business.

Expenses

Consolidated expenses increased by Php2,986 million, or 2%, to Php125,515 million in 2013 from Php122,529 million in 2012, as a result of higher expenses related to cost of sales, professional and other contracted services, repairs and maintenance, taxes and licenses, asset impairment, insurance and security, rent, and communication, training and travel, partially offset by lower expenses related to depreciation and amortization, compensation and employee benefits, including the retroactive effect of the application of the Revised IAS 19 on our MRP costs of Php1,269 million in 2013, and interconnection costs.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated expenses by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


													Change
	2013			%			2012⁽¹⁾			%			Amount			%
	(in millions)
Wireless	Php	84,674			67		Php	83,717			68		Php	957			1
Fixed line		55,975			45			52,776			43			3,199			6
Others		5			—			18			—			(13	)		(72	)
Inter-segment transactions		(15,139	)		(12	)		(13,982	)		(11	)		(1,157	)		8

Consolidated	Php	125,515			100		Php	122,529			100		Php	2,986			2

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments and the adjustments on the application of the Revised IAS 19 – Employee Benefits.

118

Other Income (Expenses)

Consolidated other expenses amounted to Php1,184 million in 2013, a change of Php4,286 million as against other income of Php3,102 million in 2012, primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (i) foreign exchange losses of Php2,893 million in 2013 as against foreign exchange gains of Php3,282 million in 2012 mainly due to the revaluation of net foreign-currency denominated liabilities as a result of the effect of the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013 from Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 as against an appreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 from Php43.92 as at December 31, 2011; (ii) a decrease in other income by Php1,700 million mainly due to the realized portion of deferred gain on the transfer of Meralco shares to Beacon of Php2,012 million in 2012, lower dividend income by Php718 million and reversal of prior years’ inventory provision, partially offset by the reversal of provision for NTC fees assessment as a result of a favorable Supreme Court decision, higher gain on the sale of Philweb shares by Php297 million, pension savings in 2013, higher income from consultancy and gain on insurance claims; (iii) lower interest income by Php422 million due to lower weighted average peso and dollar interest rates, lower amount of Philippine peso placements and shorter average tenor of dollar placements, partly offset by higher amount of dollar placements, longer average tenors of Philippine peso placements and the depreciation of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar; (iv) a decrease in net financing costs by Php287 million mainly due to lower average interest rates on loans, lower outstanding debt balance in 2013 and lower financing charges, partly offset by higher amortization of debt discount and lower capitalized interest; (v) an increase in equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures by Php1,204 million; and (vi) net gains on derivative financial instruments of Php511 million in 2013 as against net losses on derivative financial instruments of Php2,009 million in 2012 due to the maturity of the 2012 hedges, depreciation of the Philippine peso and wider dollar and peso interest rate differentials in 2013.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated other income (expenses) by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


													Change
	2013			%			2012⁽¹⁾			%			Amount			%
	(in millions)
Wireless	(Php	3,866	)		326		Php	893			29		(Php	4,759	)		(533	)
Fixed line		(481	)		41			(1,781	)		(57	)		1,300			(73	)
Others		3,597			(304	)		4,358			140			(761	)		(17	)
Inter-segment transactions		(434	)		37			(368	)		(12	)		(66	)		18

Consolidated	(Php	1,184	)		100		Php	3,102			100		(Php	4,286	)		(138	)

⁽¹⁾

Net Income

Consolidated net income decreased by Php646 million, or 2%, to Php35,453 million in 2013, from Php36,099 million in 2012. The decrease was mainly due to the combined effects of the following: (i) an increase in consolidated other expense – net by Php4,286 million; (ii) an increase in consolidated expenses by Php2,986 million; (iii) an increase in consolidated provision for income tax by Php198 million, which was mainly due to higher taxable income of our wireless and other businesses, partially offset by lower taxable income of our fixed line business; (iv) an increase in consolidated revenues by Php5,298 million; and (v) higher income from discontinued operations of Php1,526 million mainly due to the gain on disposal of our BPO business. Our consolidated basic and diluted EPS, including EPS from discontinued operations, decreased to Php163.67 in 2013 from consolidated basic and diluted EPS of Php167.07 in 2012. Our weighted average number of outstanding common shares was approximately 216.06 million in each of the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

119

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated net income by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


									Change
	2013		%		2012⁽¹⁾		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Wireless	Php	21,921		62	Php	25,014		69	(Php	3,093	)		(12	)
Fixed line		7,809		22		5,740		16		2,069			36
Others		3,508		10		4,333		12		(825	)		(19	)
Inter-segment transactions		146		—		469		1		(323	)		(69	)

Continuing operations		33,384		94		35,556		98		(2,172	)		(6	)
Discontinued operations		2,069		6		543		2		1,526			281

Consolidated	Php	35,453		100	Php	36,099		100	(Php	646	)		(2	)

⁽¹⁾

Adjusted EBITDA

Our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations amounted to Php77,552 million in 2013, an increase of Php2,164 million, or 3%, as compared with Php75,388 million in 2012, primarily due to higher consolidated revenues, and lower operating expenses related to compensation and employee benefits, excluding the retroactive effect of the application of the Revised IAS 19 on our MRP costs of Php1,269 million in 2013, and interconnection costs, partially offset by higher cost of sales, provision for doubtful accounts, and operating expenses related to professional and other contracted services, repairs and maintenance costs, taxes and licenses, and insurance and security services.

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


											Change
	2013			%		2012⁽¹⁾			%		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Wireless	Php	54,703			70	Php	54,480			72	Php	223			—
Fixed line		22,274			29		20,089			27		2,185			11
Others		(5	)		—		(18	)		—		13			(72	)
Inter-segment transactions		580			1		837			1		(257	)		(31	)

Continuing operations	Php	77,552			100	Php	75,388			100	Php	2,164			3

⁽¹⁾

Core Income

Our consolidated core income, including core income from discontinued operations, amounted to Php38,717 million in 2013, an increase of Php1,810 million, or 5%, as compared with Php36,907 million in 2012, primarily due to an increase in consolidated revenues, partially offset by an increase in consolidated expenses, excluding the retroactive effect of the application of the Revised IAS 19 on our MRP costs of Php1,269 million in 2013, higher other expenses and lower core income contribution from discontinued operations and higher provision for income tax. Our consolidated basic and diluted core EPS, including basic and diluted core EPS from discontinued operations, increased to Php178.93 in 2013 from Php170.58 in 2012.

120

The following table shows the breakdown of our consolidated core income by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


										Change
	2013			%		2012⁽¹⁾		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Wireless	Php	26,499			69	Php	25,694		70	Php	805			3
Fixed line		9,061			23		5,769		16		3,292			57
Others		3,110			8		4,424		12		(1,314	)		(30	)
Inter-segment transactions		146			—		469		1		(323	)		(69	)

Continuing operations		38,816			100		36,356		99		2,460			7
Discontinued operations		(99	)		—		551		1		(650	)		(118	)

Consolidated	Php	38,717			100	Php	36,907		100	Php	1,810			5

⁽¹⁾

On a Business Segment Basis

Wireless

Revenues

We generated revenues from our wireless business of Php119,323 million in 2013, an increase of Php3,391 million, or 3%, from Php115,932 million in 2012, which was primarily due to higher revenues from our cellular and wireless broadband services.

The following table summarizes our total revenues from our wireless business for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 by service segment:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2013		%		2012⁽¹⁾		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Service Revenues:
Cellular	Php	105,875		89	Php	103,604		89	Php	2,271			2
Wireless broadband, satellite and others
Wireless broadband		9,432		8		8,606		8		826			10
Satellite and others		1,372		1		1,569		1		(197	)		(13	)

		116,679		98		113,779		98		2,900			3

Non-Service Revenues:
Sale of cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs and broadband data modems		2,644		2		2,153		2		491			23

Total Wireless Revenues	Php	119,323		100	Php	115,932		100	Php	3,391			3

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

121

Service Revenues

Our wireless service revenues in 2013, increased by Php2,900 million, or 3%, to Php116,679 million as compared with Php113,779 million in 2012, mainly as a result of higher revenues from our cellular and wireless broadband services, partially offset by lower revenues from our satellite and other services. The increase in our cellular revenues was mainly due to higher domestic voice, and mobile internet revenues, partially offset by the decrease in text messaging revenues, lower international voice and other cellular service revenues. The increase in our wireless broadband revenues was mainly due to a 4% growth in our broadband subscriber base. Our dollar-linked revenues were affected by the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar, which increased to a weighted average exchange rate of Php42.44 for the year ended December 31, 2013 from Php42.24 for the year ended December 31, 2012. As a percentage of our total wireless revenues, service revenues accounted for 98% in each of 2013 and 2012.

Cellular Service

Our cellular service revenues in 2013 amounted to Php105,875 million, an increase of Php2,271 million, or 2%, from Php103,604 million in 2012. Cellular service revenues accounted for 91% of our wireless service revenues in each of 2013 and 2012.

The following table shows the breakdown of our cellular service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Cellular service revenues	Php	105,875	Php	103,604	Php	2,271			2

By service type		103,642		101,042		2,600			3
Prepaid		84,600		84,525		75			—
Postpaid		19,042		16,517		2,525			15

By component		103,642		101,042		2,600			3
Voice		51,384		49,627		1,757			4
Data		52,258		51,415		843			2

Others⁽²⁾		2,233		2,562		(329	)		(13	)

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

⁽²⁾

122

The following table shows other key measures of our cellular business as at and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012		Amount			%

Cellular subscriber base		70,045,627		69,866,458		179,169			—
Prepaid		67,667,750		67,611,537		56,213			—
Smart		24,608,687		25,061,453		(452,766	)		(2	)
Talk ’N Text		29,485,017		28,445,053		1,039,964			4
Sun Cellular		13,574,046		14,105,031		(530,985	)		(4	)
Postpaid		2,377,877		2,254,921		122,956			5
Sun Cellular		1,488,181		1,571,441		(83,260	)		(5	)
Smart		889,696		683,480		206,216			30

Systemwide traffic volumes (in million minutes)⁽¹⁾
Calls		55,344		53,288		2,056			4
Domestic		51,504		49,597		1,907			4
Inbound		1,228		1,242		(14	)		(1	)
Outbound		50,276		48,355		1,921			4
International		3,840		3,691		149			4
Inbound		3,216		3,025		191			6
Outbound		624		666		(42	)		(6	)

SMS/Data count (in million hits)⁽¹⁾		506,702		501,964		4,738			1
Text messages		504,050		500,039		4,011			1
Domestic		503,176		499,191		3,985			1
Bucket-Priced/Unlimited		471,298		468,898		2,400			—
Standard		31,878		30,293		1,585			5
International		874		848		26			3
Value-Added Services		2,577		1,872		705			38
Financial Services		75		53		22			42

Mobile internet (in TB)		18,092		4,954		13,138			265

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Revenues generated from our prepaid cellular services amounted to Php84,600 million in 2013, an increase of Php75 million as compared with Php84,525 million in 2012. Prepaid cellular service revenues accounted for 82% and 84% of cellular voice and data revenues in 2013 and 2012, respectively. Revenues generated from postpaid cellular service amounted to Php19,042 million in 2013, an increase of Php2,525 million, or 15%, as compared with Php16,517 million earned in 2012, and which accounted for 18% and 16% of cellular voice and data revenues in 2013 and 2012, respectively. The increase in revenues from our prepaid cellular services was primarily due to an increase in domestic outbound voice revenues and mobile internet, partially offset by a decline in international outbound revenues. The increase in our postpaid cellular service revenues was primarily due to an increase in postpaid subscribers of Smart from 889,696 in 2013 from 683,480 in 2012 due to higher activations.

Voice Services

Cellular revenues from our voice services, which include all voice traffic and voice VAS, such as voice mail and outbound international roaming, increased by Php1,757 million, or 4%, to Php51,384 million in 2013 from Php49,627 million in 2012, primarily due to higher cellular domestic voice revenues, partially offset by lower cellular international voice revenues. Cellular voice services accounted for 49% and 48% of our cellular service revenues in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

123

The following table shows the breakdown of our cellular voice revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Voice services:
Domestic
Inbound	Php	4,655	Php	4,737	(Php	82	)		(2	)
Outbound		30,619		28,440		2,179			8

		35,274		33,177		2,097			6

International
Inbound		13,922		13,838		84			1
Outbound		2,188		2,612		(424	)		(16	)

		16,110		16,450		(340	)		(2	)


Total	Php	51,384	Php	49,627	Php	1,757			4

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Domestic voice service revenues increased by Php2,097 million, or 6%, to Php35,274 million in 2013 from Php33,177 million in 2012, primarily due to an increase in domestic outbound voice service revenues by Php2,179 million, partially offset by lower domestic inbound voice service revenues by Php82 million.

Revenues from domestic outbound voice service increased by Php2,179 million, or 8%, to Php30,619 million in 2013 from Php28,440 million in 2012 mainly due to increased traffic on unlimited calls and improved yield on bucket offers. Domestic outbound call volume of 50,276 million minutes increased by 1,921 million minutes, or 4%, from 48,355 million minutes in 2012.

Revenues from our domestic inbound voice service decreased by Php82 million, or 2%, to Php4,655 million in 2013 from Php4,737 million in 2012. Domestic inbound call volumes of 1,228 million minutes in 2013, decreased by 14 million minutes, or 1%, from 1,242 million minutes in 2012 primarily due to lower traffic from fixed line calls.

International voice service revenues decreased by Php340 million, or 2%, to Php16,110 million in 2013 from Php16,450 million in 2012 primarily due to the decline in international outbound voice service revenues by Php424 million, or 16%, to Php2,188 million in 2013 from Php2,612 million in 2012, partially offset by higher international inbound voice service revenues by Php84 million, or 1%, to Php13,922 million in 2013 from Php13,838 million in 2012. The net decrease in international voice service revenues was due to lower outbound traffic and a decrease in inbound termination rates, partially offset by the increase in inbound traffic and the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar. International inbound and outbound calls totaled 3,840 million minutes, an increase of 149 million minutes, or 4%, from 3,691 million minutes in 2012.

124

Data Services

Cellular revenues from our data services, which include all text messaging-related services, as well as VAS, increased by Php843 million, or 2%, to Php52,258 million in 2013 from Php51,415 million in 2012 primarily due to higher mobile internet and VAS revenues, partially offset by lower text messaging revenues. Cellular data services accounted for 49% and 50% of our cellular service revenues in 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following table shows the breakdown of our cellular data service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Text messaging
Domestic	Php	41,822	Php	42,719	(Php	897	)		(2	)
Bucket-Priced/Unlimited		29,411		28,752		659			2
Standard		12,411		13,967		(1,556	)		(11	)
International		3,519		3,782		(263	)		(7	)

		45,341		46,501		(1,160	)		(2	)


Mobile internet⁽²⁾		4,968		3,121		1,847			59

Value-added services⁽³⁾		1,949		1,793		156			9


Total	Php	52,258	Php	51,415	Php	843			2

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

⁽²⁾

Includes revenues from web-based services, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs.

⁽³⁾

Includes revenues from SMS-based VAS (info-on-demand and voice text services, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs); multi-media messaging system, or MMS-based VAS (point-to-point MMS and content download services, such as ringtone, logo or music downloads, net of allocated discounts and content provider costs); Pasa Load/Give-a-load (which allows prepaid and postpaid subscribers to transfer small denominations of air time credits to other prepaid subscribers and Dial *SOS which allows Smart and Talk ‘N Text prepaid subscribers to borrow Php4 of load (Php3 on-net SMS plus Php1 air time) from Smart which will be deducted upon their next top-up); and revenues from financial services which include revenues from Smart Money Clicks via Smart Menu and mobile banking. Smart Money Clicks includes the following services: balance inquiry, re-load prepaid accts, bills payment, card management and internet purchases.

Text messaging-related services contributed revenues of Php45,341 million in 2013, a decrease of Php1,160 million, or 2%, as compared with Php46,501 million in 2012, and accounted for 87% and 90% of our total cellular data service revenues in 2013 and 2012, respectively. The decrease in revenues from text messaging-related services resulted mainly from lower domestic standard and international messaging revenues, partially offset by higher text messaging revenues from the various bucket-priced/unlimited SMS offers. Text messaging revenues from the various bucket-priced/unlimited SMS offers totaled Php29,411 million in 2013, an increase of Php659 million, or 2%, as compared with Php28,752 million in 2012. Bucket-priced/unlimited text messages increased by 2,400 million to 471,298 million in 2013 from 468,898 million in 2012.

Standard text messaging revenues, which includes inbound and outbound standard SMS revenues, decreased by Php1,556 million, or 11%, to Php12,411 million in 2013 from Php13,967 million in 2012, mainly due to a decrease in outbound standard SMS revenues primarily as a result of increased preference for bucket and unlimited SMS offers, partly offset by higher inbound revenues due to higher text messages from other carriers. Standard text messages increased by 1,585 million, or 5% to 31,878 million in 2013 from 30,293 million in 2012, as a result of increased domestic inbound SMS volume, partially offset by the decline in domestic outbound standard SMS volume.

125

International text messaging revenues amounted to Php3,519 million in 2013, a decrease of Php263 million, or 7%, from Php3,782 million in 2012 mainly due to lower outbound international SMS revenues, partially offset by higher inbound traffic, higher effective dollar yield of international inbound SMS and the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar.

Mobile internet service revenues increased by Php1,847 million, or 59%, to Php4,968 million in 2013 from Php3,121 million in 2012 as a result of higher traffic for mobile internet browsing. Mobile internet service registered 18,092 TB in 2013, an increase of 13,138 TB, or 265%, from 4,954 TB in 2012.

VAS contributed revenues of Php1,949 million in 2013, an increase of Php156 million, or 9%, as compared with Php1,793 million in 2012, primarily due to an increase in revenues from SMS-based VAS revenues, partially offset by lower Pasa Load/Give-a-Load and MMS-based VAS revenues.

Subscriber Base, ARPU and Churn Rates

As at December 31, 2013, our cellular subscribers totaled 70,045,627, an increase of 179,169 over the cellular subscriber base of 69,866,458 as at December 31, 2012. Our cellular prepaid subscriber base increased by 56,213 to 67,667,750 as at December 31, 2013 from 67,611,537 as at December 31, 2012, while our cellular postpaid subscriber base also increased by 122,956, or 5%, to 2,377,877 as at December 31, 2013 from 2,254,921 as at December 31, 2012. The increase in subscriber base was primarily due to the growth in Talk ‘N Text prepaid subscribers by 1,039,964, partially offset by a net decrease in Smart and Sun Cellular subscribers by 246,550 and 614,245, respectively, resulting from lower average activations in 2013. Prepaid subscribers exclude those subscribers whose minimum balance is derived via accumulation from its rewards program. Prepaid subscribers accounted for 97% of our total subscriber base as at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

126

Our net subscriber activations (reductions) for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:


							Increase (Decrease)
	2013			2012			Amount			%

Prepaid		56,213			5,818,745			(5,762,532	)		(99	)
Smart		(452,766	)		(2,950,068	)		2,497,302			(85	)
Talk ’N Text		1,039,964			7,977,878			(6,937,914	)		(87	)
Sun Cellular		(530,985	)		790,935			(1,321,920	)		(167	)

Postpaid		122,956			351,084			(228,128	)		(65	)
Smart		206,216			132,732			73,484			55
Sun Cellular		(83,260	)		218,352			(301,612	)		(138	)


Total		179,169			6,169,829			(5,990,660	)		(97	)

The following table summarizes our average monthly churn rates for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


	2013		2012
	(in %)
Prepaid
Smart		5.3		6.0
Talk ’N Text		5.2		4.1
Sun Cellular		10.6		11.0

Postpaid
Smart		2.7		2.6
Sun Cellular		3.2		1.0

For Smart Prepaid subscribers, the average monthly churn rate in 2013 and 2012 were 5.3% and 6.0%, respectively, while the average monthly churn rate for Talk ’N Text subscribers were 5.2% and 4.1% in 2013 and 2012, respectively. The average monthly churn rate for Sun Cellular prepaid subscribers were 10.6% and 11.0% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The average monthly churn rate for Smart Postpaid subscribers were 2.7% and 2.6% in 2013 and 2012, respectively. The average monthly churn rate for Sun Cellular postpaid subscribers was 3.2% and 1.0% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

127

The following table summarizes our average monthly cellular ARPUs for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


	Gross⁽¹⁾				Increase (Decrease)						Net⁽²⁾				Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012⁽³⁾		Amount			%			2013		2012⁽³⁾		Amount			%

Prepaid
Smart	Php	164	Php	167	(Php	3	)		(2	)	Php	144	Php	145	(Php	1	)		—
Talk ’N Text		96		111		(15	)		(14	)		85		97		(12	)		(12	)
Sun Cellular		68		69		(1	)		(1	)		61		59		2			3
Postpaid
Smart		1,140		1,268		(128	)		(10	)		1,127		1,251		(124	)		(10	)
Sun Cellular		483		394		89			23			480		391		89			23

⁽¹⁾

⁽²⁾

⁽³⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Our average monthly prepaid and postpaid ARPUs per quarter in 2013 and 2012 were as follows:


	Prepaid												Postpaid
	Smart				Talk ’N Text				Sun Cellular				Smart				Sun Cellular
	Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾		Gross⁽¹⁾		Net⁽²⁾

2013
First Quarter	Php	160	Php	141	Php	98	Php	87	Php	66	Php	57	Php	1,168	Php	1,154	Php	458	Php	455
Second Quarter		160		141		98		87		66		58		1,167		1,153		499		495
Third Quarter		161		142		92		82		66		60		1,111		1,099		479		476
Fourth Quarter		174		153		96		85		72		68		1,113		1,102		495		493

2012⁽³⁾
First Quarter		170		148		116		102		68		57		1,292		1,269		390		388
Second Quarter		164		143		113		100		66		57		1,264		1,237		400		397
Third Quarter		162		140		107		93		67		58		1,253		1,251		391		388
Fourth Quarter		170		149		106		93		74		64		1,265		1,248		393		391

⁽¹⁾

Gross monthly ARPU is calculated based on the average of the gross monthly ARPUs for the quarter.

⁽²⁾

Net monthly ARPU is calculated based on the average of the net monthly ARPUs for the quarter.

⁽³⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Wireless Broadband, Satellite and Other Services

Wireless Broadband

Revenues from our wireless broadband services increased by Php826 million, or 10%, to Php9,432 million in 2013 from Php8,606 million in 2012, primarily due to an increase in prepaid revenues by Php356 million, or 14%, to Php2,823 million in 2013 from Php2,467 million in 2012, and increase in postpaid revenues by Php470 million, or 8%, to Php6,609 million in 2013 from Php6,139 million in 2012.

128

The following table shows information of our wireless broadband revenues and subscriber base as at and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012		Amount			%

Wireless Broadband Revenues	Php	9,432	Php	8,606	Php	826			10
Prepaid		2,823		2,467		356			14
Postpaid		6,609		6,139		470			8

Wireless Broadband Subscribers		2,453,826		2,359,024		94,802			4
Prepaid		1,669,618		1,587,160		82,458			5
Smart		1,359,862		1,231,092		128,770			10
Sun		309,756		356,068		(46,312	)		(13	)
Postpaid		784,208		771,864		12,344			2
Smart		549,347		495,802		53,545			11
Sun		234,861		276,062		(41,201	)		(15	)

Smart Broadband and Sun Broadband Wireless, SBI’s and DMPI’s broadband services, respectively, offer a number of wireless broadband services and had a total of 2,453,826 subscribers as at December 31, 2013, a net increase of 94,802 subscribers, or 4%, as compared with 2,359,024 subscribers as at December 31, 2012, primarily due to an increase by 182,315, or 11%, in Smart Broadband subscribers, partially offset by a decrease in Sun Broadband subscribers by 87,513, or 14%, as at December 31, 2013. Our prepaid wireless broadband subscriber base increased by 82,458 subscribers, or 5%, to 1,669,618 subscribers as at December 31, 2013 from 1,587,160 subscribers as at December 31, 2012, while our postpaid wireless broadband subscriber base increased by 12,344 subscribers, or 2%, to 784,208 subscribers as at December 31, 2013 from 771,864 subscribers as at December 31, 2012.

Smart Broadband offers myBro, a fixed wireless broadband service being offered under PLDT’s Home megabrand. myBro fixed wireless broadband service is powered either via a link to Smart’s wireless broadband-enabled base stations which allows subscribers to connect to the internet using an outdoor aerial antenna installed in the subscriber’s home or via Smart’s WiMAX network. myBro revenues increased by Php332 million, or 8%, to Php4,314 million in 2013 from Php3,982 million in 2012 primarily due to an increase in subscriber base by 8,858, or 2%, to 436,094 as at December 31, 2013 from 427,236 as at December 31, 2012.

Satellite and Other Services

Revenues from our satellite and other services decreased by Php197 million, or 13%, to Php1,372 million in 2013 from Php1,569 million in 2012, primarily due to a decrease in the number of ACeS Philippines’ subscribers and lower revenue contribution from MVNO services of PLDT Global, partially offset by the effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of Php42.44 for the year ended December 31, 2013 from Php42.24 for the year ended December 31, 2012 on our U.S. dollar and U.S. dollar-linked satellite and other service revenues.

129

Non-Service Revenues

Our wireless non-service revenues consist of proceeds from sales of cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs and broadband data modems. Our wireless non-service revenues increased by Php491 million, or 23%, to Php2,644 million in 2013 from Php2,153 million in 2012, primarily due to increased availments for broadband Pocket WiFi and cellular retention packages, partly offset by lower quantity of broadband Plug-It modem and cellular handsets/SIM-packs issued for activation.

Expenses

Expenses associated with our wireless business amounted to Php84,674 million in 2013, an increase of Php957 million, or 1%, from Php83,717 million in 2012. A significant portion of this increase was attributable to higher expenses related to cost of sales, professional and other contracted services, rent, communication, training and travel, compensation and employee benefits, and insurance and security services, partially offset by lower depreciation and amortization, interconnection costs and asset impairment. As a percentage of our total wireless revenues, expenses associated with our wireless business accounted for 71% and 72% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The following table summarizes the breakdown of our total wireless-related expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and the percentage of each expense item in relation to the total:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2013		%		2012⁽¹⁾		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Depreciation and amortization	Php	16,358		19	Php	19,000		23	(Php	2,642	)		(14	)
Cost of sales		10,182		12		7,373		9		2,809			38
Rent		10,148		12		9,970		12		178			2
Compensation and employee benefits		8,730		11		8,586		10		144			2
Interconnection costs		8,141		10		8,458		10		(317	)		(4	)
Selling and promotions		7,944		9		7,933		10		11			—
Repairs and maintenance		7,861		9		7,843		9		18			—
Professional and other contracted services		4,841		6		4,149		5		692			17
Asset impairment		3,918		5		4,218		5		(300	)		(7	)
Taxes and licenses		2,410		3		2,410		3		—			—
Insurance and security services		1,156		1		1,033		1		123			12
Communication, training and travel		1,029		1		1,014		1		15			1
Amortization of intangible assets		1,018		1		921		1		97			11
Other expenses		938		1		809		1		129			16

Total	Php	84,674		100	Php	83,717		100	Php	957			1

⁽¹⁾

Depreciation and amortization charges decreased by Php2,642 million, or 14%, to Php16,358 million primarily due to a lower depreciable asset base.

Cost of sales increased by Php2,809 million, or 38%, to Php10,182 million primarily due to increased issuances of handsets to existing postpaid subscribers for cellular retention and higher average cost of handsets/SIM-packs issued for activation purposes, complemented by higher average cost for broadband Pocket WiFi, partially offset by lower quantity of handsets/SIM-packs issued for activation and decreased issuances for broadband Plug-It modems.

130

Rent expenses increased by Php178 million, or 2%, to Php10,148 million primarily due to an increase in leased circuit charges and office building rental, partially offset by lower site rental charges. As at December 31, 2013, we had 10,455 cell sites, 20,770 cellular/mobile broadband base stations and 2,915 fixed wireless broadband base stations, of which 10,000 are 4G-capable, as compared with 11,132 cell sites, 20,096 cellular/mobile broadband base stations and 2,871 fixed wireless broadband base stations, of which 7,561 are 4G-capable broadband stations, as at December 31, 2012.

Compensation and employee benefits expenses increased by Php144 million, or 2%, to Php8,730 million primarily due to higher MRP costs as a result of the retroactive adjustment of the application of the Revised IAS 19 of Php537 million in 2013, as well as LTIP costs, partially offset by lower salaries employee benefits, and provision for pension benefits. Employee headcount decreased to 7,680 as at December 31, 2013 as compared with 8,663 as at December 31, 2012, primarily due to the availment of the MRP by DMPI employees as at December 31, 2013.

Interconnection costs decreased by Php317 million, or 4%, to Php8,141 million primarily due to a decrease in interconnection charges on international calls and roaming SMS.

Selling and promotion expenses increased by Php11 million to Php7,944 million primarily due to higher expenses on events, commissions and public relations, partially offset by lower advertising expenses.

Repairs and maintenance expenses increased by Php18 million to Php7,861 million mainly due to higher maintenance costs on IT software and hardware, and cellular and broadband network facilities, partially offset by lower site facilities maintenance and site electricity consumption costs.

Professional and other contracted service fees increased by Php692 million, or 17%, to Php4,841 million primarily due to an increase in outsourced service costs and call center fees, partly offset by lower consultancy and technical service fees.

Asset impairment decreased by Php300 million, or 7%, to Php3,918 million primarily due to lower impairment on certain network equipment of DMPI, partially offset by higher provision for uncollectible receivables.

Taxes and licenses remained at Php2,410 million for 2013 and 2012.

Insurance and security services increased by Php123 million, or 12%, to Php1,156 million primarily due to higher office and site security expenses, partly offset by lower insurance and bond premiums.

Communication, training and travel expenses increased by Php15 million, or 1%, to Php1,029 million primarily due to higher expenses related to mailing and courier, as well as freight and hauling, partially offset by lower travel expenses, fuel consumption costs for vehicles and communication charges.

Amortization of intangible assets increased by Php97 million, or 11%, to Php1,018 million primarily due to license fees paid for exclusive partnership and use of music catalogues.

Other expenses increased by Php129 million, or 16%, to Php938 million primarily due to higher various business and operational-related expenses.

131

Other Income (Expenses)

The following table summarizes the breakdown of our total wireless-related other income (expenses) for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


							Change
	2013			2012⁽¹⁾			Amount			%
	(in millions)
Other Income (Expenses):
Interest income	Php	324		Php	565		(Php	241	)		(43	)
Losses on derivative financial instruments – net		(18	)		(51	)		33			(65	)
Equity share in net losses of associates		(54	)		(78	)		24			(31	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net		(1,814	)		2,419			(4,233	)		(175	)
Financing costs – net		(3,232	)		(2,683	)		(549	)		20
Other income – net		928			721			207			29

Total	(Php	3,866	)	Php	893		(Php	4,759	)		(533	)

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Our wireless business’ other expenses amounted to Php3,866 million in 2013, a change of Php4,759 million as against other income of Php893 million in 2012, primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (i) net foreign exchange losses of Php1,814 million in 2013 as against net foreign exchange gains of Php2,419 million in 2012 on account of the revaluation of net foreign currency-denominated liabilities due to the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013 from Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 as against an appreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 from Php43.92 as at December 31, 2011; (ii) higher net financing costs by Php549 million primarily due to higher amortization of debt discount, lower capitalized interest and an increase in financing charges, partly offset by lower outstanding debt balance and lower weighted average interest rates on loans; (iii) a decrease in interest income by Php241 million mainly due to lower weighted average interest rates and lower principal amounts of dollar and peso placements, partially offset by higher U.S. dollar interest rates, longer average tenor of Philippine peso placements in 2013 and the depreciation of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar; (iv) a decrease in equity share in net losses of associates by Php24 million; (v) lower loss on derivative financial instruments by Php33 million mainly on account of lower notional outstanding interest rate swaps not designated as hedges and higher interest rates in 2013; and (vi) an increase in other income by Php207 million mainly due to pension income recognized in 2013, reversal of prior year provision, higher gain on disposal of fixed assets and higher income from consultancy, partly offset by casualty losses due to Typhoon Yolanda.

Provision for Income Tax

Provision for income tax increased by Php768 million, or 9%, to Php8,862 million in 2013 from Php8,094 million in 2012 primarily due to higher taxable income. The effective tax rates for our wireless business were 29% and 24% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, our wireless business’ net income decreased by Php3,093 million, or 12%, to Php21,921 million in 2013 from Php25,014 million recorded in 2012.

132

Adjusted EBITDA

As a result of the foregoing, our wireless business’ Adjusted EBITDA increased by Php223 million to Php54,703 million in 2013 from Php54,480 million in 2012.

Core Income

Our wireless business’ core income increased by Php805 million, or 3%, to Php26,499 million in 2013 from Php25,694 million in 2012 on account of an increase in wireless revenues, partially offset by an increase in other expenses and higher wireless-related operating expenses, excluding the retroactive effect of the application of the Revised IAS 19 in our MRP costs of Php537 million in 2013, and an increase in provision for income tax.

Fixed Line

Revenues

Revenues generated from our fixed line business amounted to Php63,567 million in 2013, an increase of Php3,321 million, or 6%, from Php60,246 million in 2012.

The following table summarizes our total revenues from our fixed line business for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 by service segment:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2013		%		2012⁽¹⁾		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Service Revenues:
Local exchange	Php	16,274		26	Php	16,470		27	(Php	196	)		(1	)
International long distance		11,422		18		10,789		18		633			6
National long distance		4,583		7		5,046		8		(463	)		(9	)
Data and other network		27,472		43		25,059		42		2,413			10
Miscellaneous		2,119		3		1,707		3		412			24

		61,870		97		59,071		98		2,799			5
Non-Service Revenues:
Sale of computers, phone units and SIM cards		1,697		3		1,175		2		522			44

Total Fixed Line Revenues	Php	63,567		100	Php	60,246		100	Php	3,321			6

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Service Revenues

Our fixed line business provides local exchange service, national and international long distance services, data and other network services, and miscellaneous services. Our fixed line service revenues increased by Php2,799 million, or 5%, to Php61,870 million in 2013 from Php59,071 million in 2012 due to an increase in the revenue contribution of our data and other network, international long distance and miscellaneous services, partially offset by decreases in national long distance and local exchange services.

133

Local Exchange Service

The following table summarizes the key measures of our local exchange service business as at and for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount			%

Total local exchange service revenues (in millions)	Php	16,274	Php	16,470	(Php	196	)		(1	)
Number of fixed line subscribers		2,069,419		2,063,794		5,625			—
Postpaid		2,009,593		1,997,671		11,922			1
Prepaid		59,826		66,123		(6,297	)		(10	)
Number of fixed line employees		7,415		7,546		(131	)		(2	)
Number of fixed line subscribers per employee		279		273		6			2

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Revenues from our local exchange service decreased by Php196 million, or 1%, to Php16,274 million in 2013 from Php16,470 million in 2012, primarily due to lower weighted average billed lines, a decrease in ARPU on account of lower fixed charges due to the increase in demand for bundled voice and data services, partially offset by higher installation and activation charges. The percentage contribution of local exchange revenues to our total fixed line service revenues were 26% and 28% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

International Long Distance Service

The following table shows our international long distance service revenues and call volumes for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase (Decrease)
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount			%

Total international long distance service revenues (in millions)	Php	11,422	Php	10,789	Php	633			6
Inbound		10,105		9,455		650			7
Outbound		1,317		1,334		(17	)		(1	)

International call volumes (in million minutes, except call ratio)		2,185		2,150		35			2
Inbound		1,806		1,691		115			7
Outbound		379		459		(80	)		(17	)
Inbound-outbound call ratio		4.8:1		3.7:1		—			—

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Our total international long distance service revenues increased by Php633 million, or 6%, to Php11,422 million in 2013 from Php10,789 million in 2012, primarily due to the net increase in call volumes and the increase in average billing rate in dollar terms, as well as the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar to Php42.44 for the year ended December 31, 2013 from Php42.24 for the year ended December 31, 2012. The percentage contribution of international long distance service revenues to our total fixed line service revenues accounted for 19% and 18% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

134

Our revenues from inbound international long distance service increased by Php650 million, or 7%, to Php10,105 million in 2013 from Php9,455 million in 2012 primarily due to the increase in inbound call volumes and the favorable effect on our inbound revenues of a higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso to the U.S. dollar, partially offset by the decrease in average settlement rate in dollar terms.

Our revenues from outbound international long distance service decreased by Php17 million, or 1%, to Php1,317 million in 2013 from Php1,334 million in 2012, primarily due to the decrease in call volumes and a decrease in the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar to Philippine peso, partially offset by the increase in the average billing rate in dollar terms.

Our total international long distance service revenues, net of interconnection costs, decreased by Php53 million, or 1%, to Php4,554 million in 2013 from Php4,607 million in 2012. The decrease was primarily due to higher interconnection costs as a result of higher call volumes terminating to domestic carriers, partly offset by an increase in international long distance revenues, gross of interconnection costs.

National Long Distance Service

The following table shows our national long distance service revenues and call volumes for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Decrease
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount			%

Total national long distance service revenues (in millions)	Php	4,583	Php	5,046	(Php	463	)		(9	)
National long distance call volumes (in million minutes)		852		971		(119	)		(12	)

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Our national long distance service revenues decreased by Php463 million, or 9%, to Php4,583 million in 2013 from Php5,046 million in 2012, primarily due to a decrease in call volumes, partially offset by an increase in the average revenue per minute of our national long distance services. The percentage contribution of national long distance revenues to our fixed line service revenues were 7% and 9% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Our national long distance service revenues, net of interconnection costs, decreased by Ph357 million, or 9%, to Php3,547 million in 2013 from Php3,904 million in 2012, primarily due to a decrease in call volumes, partially offset by an increase in the average revenue per minute of our national long distance services.

135

Data and Other Network Services

The following table shows information of our data and other network service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Increase
	2013		2012⁽¹⁾		Amount		%

Data and other network service revenues (in millions)	Php	27,472	Php	25,059	Php	2,413		10
Domestic		19,917		18,436		1,481		8
Broadband		12,268		11,212		1,056		9
Leased Lines and Others		7,649		7,224		425		6

International
Leased Lines and Others		5,787		5,524		263		5

Data Centers		1,768		1,099		669		61

Subscriber base
Broadband		961,967		887,399		74,568		8
SWUP		30,302		22,720		7,582		33

⁽¹⁾

The December 31, 2012 comparative information was adjusted to reflect certain presentation adjustments to conform with the current presentation of our business segments.

Our data and other network services posted revenues of Php27,472 million in 2013, an increase of Php2,413 million, or 10%, from Php25,059 million in 2012, primarily due to higher revenues from PLDT DSL, data centers, higher international data revenues primarily from i-Gate and domestic leased line revenues resulting from the higher revenue contribution of Metro Ethernet. The percentage contribution of this service segment to our fixed line service revenues was 45% and 42% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Domestic

Domestic data services contributed Php19,917 million in 2013, an increase of Php1,481 million, or 8%, as compared with Php18,436 million in 2012 mainly due to higher DSL, Metro Ethernet, Fibr and Diginet revenues, and Shops.Work subscribers as customer locations and bandwidth requirements continued to expand and demand for offshoring, outsourcing services increased. The percentage contribution of domestic data service revenues to total data and other network services were 73% and 74% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Broadband

Broadband data revenues amounted to Php12,268 million in 2013, an increase of Php1,056 million, or 9%, from Php11,212 million in 2012 as a result of the increase in the number of subscribers by 74,568, or 8%, to 961,967 subscribers as at December 31, 2013 from 887,399 subscribers as at December 31, 2012. Broadband revenues accounted for 45% of total data and other network service revenues in each of 2013 and 2012.

136

Leased Lines and Others

Leased lines and other data services include: (1) Diginet, our domestic private leased line service providing Smart’s fiber optic and leased line data requirements; (2) IP-VPN, a managed corporate IP network that offers a secure means to access corporate network resources; (3) Metro Ethernet, our high-speed wide area networking services that enable mission-critical data transfers; (4) Shops.Work, our connectivity solution for retailers and franchisers that links company branches to their head office; and (5) SWUP, our wireless VPN service that powers mobile point-of-sale terminals and off-site bank ATMs, as well as other retail outlets located in remote areas. As at December 31, 2013, SWUP had a total subscriber base of 30,302, up by 7,582, or 33%, from 22,720 subscribers in 2012. Leased lines and other data revenues amounted to Php7,649 million in 2013, an increase of Php425 million, or 6%, from Php7,224 million in 2012, primarily due to higher revenues from Metro Ethernet, Diginet and Shops.Work, partially offset by lower internet exchange revenues. The percentage contribution of leased lines and other data service revenues to the total data and other network services were 28% and 29% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

International

Leased Lines and Others

International leased lines and other data services consist mainly of: (1) i-Gate, our premium dedicated internet access service that provides high speed, reliable and managed connectivity to the global internet, and is intended for enterprises and VAS providers; (2) Fibernet, which provides cost-effective and reliable bilateral point-to-point private networking connectivity, through the use of our extensive international alliances to offshore and outsourcing, banking and finance, and semiconductor industries; and (3) other international managed data services in partnership with other global service providers, which provide data networking services to multinational companies. International data service revenues increased by Php263 million, or 5%, to Php5,787 million in 2013 from Php5,524 million in 2012, primarily due to higher i-Gate revenues and an increase in revenues from various global service providers and IP-VPN local access services, as well as the favorable effect of higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar, partially offset by lower inland-cable lease and Fibernet revenues. The percentage contribution of international data service revenues to total data and other network service revenues were 21% and 22% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Data Centers

Data centers provide colocation or rental services, server hosting, disaster recovery and business continuity services, intrusion detection, security services, such as firewalls and managed firewalls. Data center revenues increased by Php669 million, or 61%, to Php1,768 million in 2013 from Php1,099 million in 2012 mainly due to higher colocation and managed services as a result of the consolidation of IPCDSI in October 2012. The percentage contribution of this service segment to our total data and other network service revenues were 6% and 4% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Miscellaneous Services

Miscellaneous service revenues are derived mostly from rental and facilities management fees, internet and online gaming, and directory advertising. These service revenues increased by Php412 million, or 24%, to Php2,119 million in 2013 from Php1,707 million in 2012 mainly due to higher outsourcing fees and colocation charges, and the revenue contribution of PGNL, which is the exclusive distributor and licensee of the programs, shows, films and channels of TV5 abroad, the distribution of which is via syndication and international linear channels. The percentage contribution of miscellaneous service revenues to our total fixed line service revenues was 3% in each of 2013 and 2012.

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Non-service Revenues

Non-service revenues increased by Php522 million, or 44%, to Php1,697 million in 2013 from Php1,175 million in 2012, primarily due to higher revenues from Telpad units.

Expenses

Expenses related to our fixed line business totaled Php55,975 million in 2013, an increase of Php3,199 million, or 6%, as compared with Php52,776 million in 2012. The increase was primarily due to higher expenses related to repairs and maintenance, depreciation and amortization, interconnection costs, asset impairment, rent, taxes and licenses, cost of sales, and professional and other contracted services, partly offset by lower expenses related to compensation and employee benefits. As a percentage of our total fixed line revenues, expenses associated with our fixed line business accounted for 88% in each of 2013 and 2012.

The following table shows the breakdown of our total fixed line-related expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and the percentage of each expense item to the total:


									Increase (Decrease)
	2013		%		2012⁽¹⁾		%		Amount			%
	(in millions)

Depreciation and amortization	Php	13,946		25	Php	13,354		25	Php	592			4
Compensation and employee benefits		12,668		23		13,439		26		(771	)		(6	)
Interconnection costs		8,196		15		7,623		14		573			8
Repairs and maintenance		5,930		10		5,325		10		605			11
Professional and other contracted services		3,794		7		3,566		7		228			6
Rent		2,794		5		2,374		5		420			18
Selling and promotions		1,860		3		1,786		3		74			4
Cost of sales		1,665		3		1,374		3		291			21
Asset impairment		1,625		3		1,068		2		557			52
Taxes and licenses		1,515		3		1,097		2		418			38
Insurance and security services		762		1		632		1		130			21
Communication, training and travel		546		1		482		1		64			13
Amortization of intangible assets		2		—		—		—		2			100
Other expenses		672		1		656		1		16			2

Total	Php	55,975		100	Php	52,776		100	Php	3,199			6

⁽¹⁾

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Depreciation and amortization charges increased by Php592 million, or 4%, to Php13,946 million due to higher depreciable asset base.

Compensation and employee benefits expenses decreased by Php771 million, or 6%, to Php12,668 million primarily due to lower MRP costs, net of the retroactive adjustment of the application of the Revised IAS 19 of Php732 million in 2013, and lower provision for LTIP costs, partially offset by higher provision for pension costs an increase in salaries and employee benefits. Employee headcount decreased to 10,219 in 2013 as compared with 10,462 in 2012 mainly due to a decrease in Digitel’s headcount as a result of the MRP.

Interconnection costs increased by Php573 million, or 8%, to Php8,196 million primarily due to higher international long distance interconnection/settlement costs as a result of higher volume of international received paid calls that terminated to other domestic carriers, partially offset by lower settlement costs for national long distance interconnection costs and data and other network services particularly Fibernet and Infonet.

Repairs and maintenance expenses increased by Php605 million, or 11%, to Php5,930 million primarily due to higher repairs and maintenance costs for IT software and hardware, buildings, and other various facilities, partially offset by a decrease in site electricity costs, lower repairs and maintenance costs on central office/telecoms equipment, as well as lower cost of janitorial services.

Professional and other contracted service expenses increased by Php228 million, or 6%, to Php3,794 million primarily due to higher contracted service and bill printing fees, partially offset by lower technical service and consultancy fees.

Rent expenses increased by Php420 million, or 18%, to Php2,794 million primarily due to higher domestic leased circuit charges, and site, pole and building rentals.

Selling and promotion expenses increased by Php74 million, or 4%, to Php1,860 million primarily due to higher commissions and public relations expenses, partially offset by lower advertising costs.

Cost of sales increased by Php291 million, or 21%, to Php1,665 million primarily due to higher sale of Telpad units.

Asset impairment increased by Php557 million, or 52%, to Php1,625 million mainly due to higher provision for uncollectible receivables.

Taxes and licenses increased by Php418 million, or 38%, to Php1,515 million as a result of higher municipal licenses and other business-related taxes.

Insurance and security services increased by Php130 million, or 21%, to Php762 million primarily due to higher expenses on office security services, partially offset by lower insurance and bond premiums.

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Communication, training and travel expenses increased by Php64 million, or 13%, to Php546 million mainly due to higher local and foreign training and travel, partially offset by a decrease in mailing and courier, and fuel consumption charges.

Amortization of intangible assets amounted to Php2 million in 2013 relating to the amortization of intangible assets related to customer list and licenses in relation to IPCDSI’s acquisition.

Other expenses increased by Php16 million, or 2%, to Php672 million primarily due to higher various business and operational-related expenses.

Other Expenses

The following table summarizes the breakdown of our total fixed line-related other expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


							Change
	2013			2012⁽¹⁾			Amount			%
	(in millions)

Other Income (Expenses):
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net	Php	523		(Php	1,958	)	Php	2,481			127
Interest income		392			713			(321	)		(45	)
Equity share (losses) in net earnings of associates		(86	)		108			(194	)		(180	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net		(1,503	)		863			(2,366	)		(274	)
Financing costs – net		(3,390	)		(4,193	)		803			(19	)
Other income – net		3,583			2,686			897			33

Total	(Php	481	)	(Php	1,781	)	Php	1,300			(73	)

⁽¹⁾

Our fixed line business’ other expenses amounted to Php481 million in 2013, a decrease of Php1,300 million, or 73%, from Php1,781 million in 2012. The decrease was due to the combined effects of the following: (i) net gains on derivative financial instruments of Php523 million in 2013 as against net losses on derivative financial instruments of Php1,958 million in 2012 due to maturity of the 2012 hedges, the depreciation of the Philippine peso and a wider dollar and peso interest rate differentials; (ii) an increase in other income by Php897 million mainly due to the reversal of provision for assessment as a result of a favorable Supreme Court decision, higher gain on sale of Philweb shares and an increase in insurance claims, partially offset by casualty losses on Typhoon Yolanda; (iii) lower financing costs by Php803 million mainly due to lower average interest rates on loans and lower financing charges, partly offset by lower capitalized interest; (iv) equity share in net losses of associates and joint ventures of Php86 million as against equity share in net earnings of associates of Php108 million in 2012 primarily due to the share in net losses of Cignal TV for the period from October 1 to December 31, 2013 and disposal of Philweb shares in 2012; (v) a decrease in interest income by Php321 million due to lower principal amounts of dollar and peso placements, lower peso interest rates and shorter average tenor of U.S. dollar placements, partially offset by higher U.S. dollar interest rates, longer average tenor of Philippine peso placements in 2013 and the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar; and (vi) foreign exchange losses of Php1,503 million in 2013 as against foreign exchange gains of Php863 million in 2012 on account of revaluation of net foreign currency-denominated liabilities due to the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013 from Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 as against an appreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012 from Php43.92 as at December 31, 2011.

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Benefit from Income Tax

Benefit from income tax amounted to Php698 million in 2013, an increase of Php647 million from Php51 million in 2012, primarily due to recognition of deferred tax assets, partially offset by higher taxable income. The effective tax rate for our fixed line business was negative 10% and negative 1% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, our fixed line business contributed a net income of Php7,809 million in 2013, which represents an increase of Php2,069 million, or 36%, as compared with Php5,740 million in 2012.

Adjusted EBITDA

As a result of the foregoing, our fixed line business’ Adjusted EBITDA increased by Php2,185 million, or 11%, to Php22,274 million in 2013 from Php20,089 million in 2012.

Core Income

Our fixed line business’ core income increased by Php3,292 million, or 57%, to Php9,061 million in 2013 from Php5,769 million in 2012, primarily as a result of higher fixed line revenues, a decrease in other expenses and a higher benefit from income tax, partially offset by higher fixed line expenses, excluding the retroactive effect of the application of the Revised IAS 19 in our MRP costs of Php732 million in 2013.

Others

Expenses

Expenses associated with our other business segment totaled Php5 million in 2013, a decrease of Php13 million, or 72%, as compared with Php18 million in 2012, primarily due to PCEV’s lower other operating expenses.

Other Income

The following table summarizes the breakdown of other income for other business segment for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:


					Change
	2013		2012		Amount			%
	(in millions)
Other Income (Expenses):
Equity share in net earnings of associates	Php	2,882	Php	1,508	Php	1,374			91
Foreign exchange gains – net		424		—		424			100
Interest income		249		76		173			228
Gains on derivative financial instruments – net		6		—		6			100
Other income – net		36		2,774		(2,738	)		(99	)

Total	Php	3,597	Php	4,358	(Php	761	)		(17	)

Other income decreased by Php761 million, or 17%, to Php3,597 million in 2013 from Php4,358 million in 2012 primarily due to lower other income by Php2,738 million mainly due to the realized portion of deferred gain on the transfer of Meralco shares to Beacon in 2012 and lower dividend income by Php720 million, partly offset by an increase in equity share in net earnings of associates by Php1,374 million mainly due to the increase in PCEV’s share in the net earnings of Beacon and equity share in the net earnings of Beta, the holding company of SPi Group, where we reinvested approximately US$40 million of the proceeds from the sale of our BPO business in 2013.

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Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, our other business segment registered a net income of Php3,508 million, a decrease of Php825 million, or 19%, in 2013 from Php4,333 million in 2012.

Adjusted EBITDA

As a result of the foregoing, negative Adjusted EBITDA from our other business segment improved by Php13 million, or 72%, to negative Php5 million in 2013 from negative Php18 million in 2012.

Core Income

Our other business segment’s core income amounted to Php3,110 million in 2013, a decrease of Php1,314 million, or 30%, as compared with Php4,424 million in 2012 mainly as a result of a lower other income, partially offset by an increase in the equity share in the net earnings of Beacon in 2013.

Plans

We are the largest telecommunications company in the Philippines in terms of revenues and subscribers. We offer the broadest range of telecommunications services among all operators in the Philippines. We intend to reinforce our leading position in network quality and reach while offering a broader range and higher quality of products and services.

Our 2015 estimated consolidated capital expenditures is approximately Php39 billion, of which approximately Php26 billion is estimated to be spent by our wireless segment and approximately Php13 billion is estimated to be spent by our fixed line segment. Our wireless segment’s capital spending is currently anticipated to focus on building out coverage, leveraging the capabilities of newly modernized network and expanding 3G, 4G LTE including its backhaul and wireless broadband networks in order to enhance data transmission capabilities. We also contemplate enhancing network and platforms infrastructure and systems to support solutions deployment, campaign analytics and service delivery to enable customized and targeted services, as well as to further expand mainstream services and integration with the PLDT Group core and transmission network to increase penetration, mainly in provincial areas to achieve greater business benefits from a closely synergized environment. Our fixed line segment’s capital spending is currently intended principally to continue the build-out and upgrade of broadband data and IP infrastructures, fixed line data services, expanding transmission network, increasing international bandwidth capacity, and network maintenance.

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Our capital expenditure budget includes projects addressing the following objectives:

(1)

Technical Objectives – these include the transformation of service delivery platform of the group in order to realize operating and cost efficiencies, the provision of greater resilience and redundancy for the network, as well as investments in additional cable systems;

(2)

Commercial Objectives – these include the expansion of capacity and footprint of wired and wireless, as well as new platforms to expand service offerings; and

(3)

IT/Support Systems – these include the upgrade of our IT and support systems.

Given the favorable state of our financial position, we expect to fund incremental capital expenditures from both debt and free cash flow.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table shows our consolidated cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 as well as our consolidated capitalization and other consolidated selected financial data as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in millions)
Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities	Php	66,015		Php	73,763		Php	80,370
Net cash used in investing activities		(51,686	)		(21,045	)		(39,058	)
Capital expenditures		34,759			28,838			36,396
Net cash used in financing activities		(19,897	)		(59,813	)		(48,628	)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(5,246	)		(6,391	)		(7,761	)


	2014		2013
	(in millions)
Capitalization
Interest-bearing financial liabilities:
Long-term financial liabilities:
Long-term debt	Php	115,399	Php	88,924
Obligations under finance lease		1		6

		115,400		88,930


Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities:
Long-term debt maturing within one year		14,724		15,166
Obligations under finance lease maturing within one year		5		5

		14,729		15,171

Total interest-bearing financial liabilities		130,129		104,101
Total equity attributable to equity holders of PLDT		134,364		137,147

	Php	264,493	Php	241,248


Other Selected Financial Data
Total assets	Php	436,295	Php	399,638
Property, plant and equipment		191,984		192,665
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		31,905
Short-term investments		643		718

Our consolidated cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled Php27,302 million as at December 31, 2014. Principal sources of consolidated cash and cash equivalents in 2014 were cash flows from operating activities amounting to Php66,015 million, proceeds from availment of long-term debt of Php41,329 million, dividends received of Php1,855 million, net proceeds from maturity and redemption of investment in debt securities of Php1,602 million, interest received of Php582 million and proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment of Php253 million. These funds were used principally for: (1) dividend payments of Php39,900 million; (2) capital outlays, including capitalized interest, of Php34,759 million; (3) purchase of investments available for sale of Php19,711 million; (4) debt principal and interest payments of Php15,726 million and Php4,736 million, respectively; (5) settlement of derivative financial instruments of Php596 million; (6) deposit for future PDRs of Php300 million; (7) investment in joint ventures and associates of Php300 million; and (8) payment for acquisition of shares of minority shareholders and investment in subsidiaries – net of cash acquired of Php202 million.

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Our consolidated cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled Php32,623 million as at December 31, 2013. Principal sources of consolidated cash and cash equivalents in 2013 were cash flows from operating activities amounting to Php73,763 million, proceeds from availment of long-term debt of Php39,798 million, proceeds from disposal of investments, net of cash of deconsolidated subsidiaries, of Php12,075 million, proceeds from net assets classified as held-for-sale of Php2,298 million, proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment of Php1,546 million, net additions to capital expenditures under long-term financing of Php868 miliion, interest received of Php845 million and dividends received of Php438 million. These funds were used principally for: (1) debt principal and interest payments of Php57,033 million and Php4,959 million, respectively; (2) dividend payments of Php37,804 million; (3) capital outlays, including capitalized interest, of Php28,838 million; (4) deposits for PDR subscription of Php5,550 million; (5) net payment for purchase of investment in debt securities of Php2,046 million; and (6) settlements of derivative financial instruments of Php453 million.

Operating Activities

Our consolidated net cash flows provided by operating activities decreased by Php7,748 million, or 11%, to Php66,015 million in 2014 from Php73,763 million in 2013, primarily due to a lower level of collection of receivables, higher pension contribution and higher corporate taxes paid, partially offset by lower settlement of accounts payable and other liabilities, and higher prepayments.

Our consolidated net cash flows from operating activities decreased by Php6,607 million, or 8%, to Php73,763 million in 2013 from Php80,370 million in 2012, primarily due to higher settlement of accounts payable and other various liabilities, and higher pension contributions, partially offset by higher level of collection of receivables.

Cash flows provided by operating activities of our fixed line business decreased by Php11,724 million, or 39%, to Php18,145 million in 2014 from Php29,869 million in 2013, primarily due to a lower level of collection of accounts receivable and other receivables, higher pension contribution, higher prepayments and lower operating income, partially offset by lower level of settlement of accounts payable. Cash flows provided by operating activities of our wireless business decreased by Php717 million, or 1%, to Php49,884 million in 2014 from Php50,601 million in 2013, primarily due to lower operating income and lower level of collection of outstanding receivables, partially offset by lower level of settlement of accounts payable and other liabilities, and lower pension contribution. Cash flows used in operating activities of our other business amounted to Php1,818 million in 2014 as against cash flows provided by operating activities of Php3,135 million in 2013, primarily due to collection of receivables and lower level of settlement of accounts payable in 2013.

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Cash flows from operating activities of our wireless business decreased by Php3,518 million, or 7%, to Php50,601 million in 2013 from Php54,119 million in 2012, primarily due to higher level of settlement of other current liabilities, higher income taxes paid and lower operating income, partially offset by higher level of collection of outstanding receivables and lower level of settlement of accounts payable. Conversely, cash flows provided by operating activities of our fixed line business increased by Php5,467 million, or 22%, to Php29,869 million in 2013 from Php24,402 million in 2012, primarily due to higher operating income and lower settlement of other noncurrent liabilities, partially offset by lower level of collection of receivables and prepayments, higher level of settlement of other liabilities, higher income taxes paid and higher refund of customers’ deposits.

Investing Activities

Consolidated net cash flows used in investing activities increased by Php30,641 million, or 146%, to Php51,686 million in 2014 from Php21,045 million in 2013, primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (1) higher purchase of investments available for sale of Php19,695 million mainly due to our investment in Rocket in 2014 (see related discussion in Other Information); (2) net proceeds from disposal of investments, including sale of Philweb shares, of Php14,370 million in 2013; (3) the increase in capital expenditures by Php5,921 million; (4) higher net proceeds from maturity and redemption of investment in debt securities of Php3,648 million; (5) higher payment for acquisition of shares of minority shareholders and purchase of investment in subsidiaries – net of cash acquired of Php196 million; (6) lower interest received by Php263 million; (7) higher dividends received by Php1,417 million; and (8) a decrease in payment for deposit for future PDRs subscription of Php5,250 million.

Consolidated net cash flows used in investing activities amounted to Php21,045 million in 2013, a decrease of Php18,013 million, or 46%, from Php39,058 million in 2012, primarily due to the combined effects of the following: (1) proceeds from sale of BPO business, net of cash of deconsolidated subsidiaries, of Php12,075 million; (2) lower payment for investment in joint ventures, associates and deposits for PDR subscription by Php3,285 million, and acquisition of subsidiaries and shares of noncontrolling interest by Php1,646 million; (3) the decrease in capital expenditures by Php7,558 million; (4) lower net proceeds from disposal of investments available for sale of Php3,579 million; (5) net payment for purchase of investment in debt securities of Php2,218 million; (6) increase in notes receivable of Php1,224 million; (7) higher proceeds from sale of Philweb shares by Php385 million; and (8) lower dividends received by Php346 million.

Our consolidated capital expenditures, including capitalized interest, in 2014 totaled Php34,759 million, an increase of Php5,921 million, or 21%, as compared with Php28,838 million in 2013, primarily due to Smart Group’s higher capital spending, partially offset by PLDT’s and DMPI’s lower capital spending. PLDT’s capital spending of Php10,697 million in 2014 was principally used to finance the full public switched telephone network migration, aggressive FTTH and NGN roll-out and expansion, outside plant rehabilitation, build and upgrade of various submarine cable facilities, fortification of transport backbone, expansion of access fiber and acquisition of various equipment for installation at customer premises to complement introduction of new products and services. Smart Group’s capital spending of Php22,124 million in 2014 was used primarily to modernize and expand its 3G and 4G cellular and mobile broadband networks, including the roll-out of its LTE network, as well as to purchase additional equipment for installation at customer premises for the fixed wireless broadband business. DMPI’s capital spending of Php917 million in 2014 was intended principally to finance the continued upgrade of its core and transmission network to increase penetration, particularly in provincial areas. As at December 31, 2014, we had a total of 26,242 cellular/broadband base stations, including 11,083 active 4G/HSPA+/LTE-base stations. The balance represented other subsidiaries’ capital spending.

145

Our consolidated capital expenditures, including capitalized interest, in 2013 totaled Php28,838 million, a decrease of Php7,558 million, or 21%, as compared with Php36,396 million in 2012, primarily due to decreases in the Digitel Group’s and Smart Group’s capital spending, partially offset by PLDT’s higher capital spending. PLDT’s capital spending of Php11,302 million in 2013 was principally used to finance the expansion and upgrade of its submarine cable facilities, DFON facilities, NGN roll-out, fixed line data and IP-based network services and outside plant rehabilitation. Smart Group’s capital spending of Php16,595 million in 2013 was used primarily to modernize and expand its 2G, 3G and 4G cellular and mobile broadband networks, as well as to purchase additional equipment for installation at customer premises for the fixed wireless broadband business. DMPI’s capital spending of Php500 million in 2013 was intended principally to finance the expansion of fixed mobile convergence and continued upgrade of its core and transmission network to increase penetration, particularly in provincial areas. The balance represented other subsidiaries’ capital spending.

As part of our growth strategy, we may from time to time, continue to make acquisitions and investments in companies or businesses.

Dividends received in 2014 amounted to Php1,855 million, an increase of Php1,417 million from Php438 million in 2013 primarily from Beacon, Beta and Cignal TV.

Dividends received in 2013 amounted to Php438 million, a decrease of Php346 million, or 44%, as compared with Php784 million in 2012. The dividends received in 2013 were from Beacon and Philweb. The dividends received in 2012 were mostly from Beacon and Philweb.

Financing Activities

On a consolidated basis, cash flows used in financing activities amounted to Php19,897 million in 2014, a decrease of Php39,916 million, or 67%, from Php59,813 million in 2013, resulting largely from the combined effects of the following: (1) lower net payments of long-term debt by Php41,307 million; (2) higher proceeds from availment of long-term debt by Php1,531 million; (3) lower interest payment by Php223 million; (4) higher cash dividend payments of Php2,096 million; (5) net reductions to capital expenditures under long-term financing by Php952 million; and (6) settlement of derivative financial instruments of Php143 million.

On a consolidated basis, net cash flows used in financing activities amounted to Php59,813 million, an increase of Php11,185 million, or 23% as compared with Php48,628 million in 2012, resulting largely from the combined effects of the following: (1) higher net payments of long-term debt and notes payable by Php6,965 million; (2) lower proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt and notes payable by Php12,346 million; (3) higher cash dividends paid by Php870 million; (4) creation of a Trust Fund for the redemption of preferred shares of Php5,561 million in 2012; (5) net additions to capital expenditures under long-term financing of Php2,339 million; (6) lower settlement of derivative financial instruments of Php673 million; and (7) lower interest payment by Php396 million.

146

Debt Financing

Proceeds from availment of long-term debt for the year ended December 31, 2014 amounted to Php41,329 million, mainly from PLDT’s and Smart’s drawings related to the financing of our capital expenditure requirements and maturing loan obligations. Payments of principal and interest on our total debt amounted to Php15,726 million and Php4,736 million, respectively, in 2014.

Our consolidated long-term debt increased by Php26,033 million, or 25%, to Php130,123 million as at December 31, 2014 from Php104,090 million as at December 31, 2013, primarily due to our issuance of Php15 billion fixed rate retail bonds in 2014, drawings from our term loan facilities and the effect of the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php44.74 as at December 31, 2014 from Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013, partially offset by debt amortizations and prepayments. As at December 31, 2014, the long-term debt levels of PLDT and Smart increased by 38% and 20%, to Php78,812 million and Php42,730 million, respectively, while DMPI’s long-term debt level decreased by 25%, to Php8,581 million, as compared with December 31, 2013.

Our consolidated long-term debt decreased by Php11,702 million, or 10%, to Php104,090 million as at December 31, 2013 from Php115,792 million as at December 31, 2012, primarily due to debt amortizations and prepayments, partially offset by drawings from our term loan facilities and the depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar to Php44.40 as at December 31, 2013 from Php41.08 as at December 31, 2012. As at December 31, 2013, the long-term debt levels of PLDT, Smart and Digitel decreased by 1%, 6% and 39% to Php58,584 million, Php35,754 million and Php11,172 million as compared with December 31, 2012.

On January 29, 2014, Smart signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with Land Bank of the Philippines, or LBP, to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on February 5, 2021. The amount of Php3,000 million was fully drawn on February 5, 2014. The amount of Php2,987 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On February 3, 2014, Smart signed a Php500 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on February 5, 2021. The amount of Php500 million was fully drawn on February 7, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On February 6, 2014, PLDT issued Php15,000 million Philippine SEC-registered fixed rate peso retail bonds under the Indenture dated January 22, 2014. Proceeds from the issuance of these bonds are intended to be used to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing obligations which were used for capital expenditures for network expansion and improvements. The amount comprises of Php12.4 billion and Php2.6 billion bonds due in 2021 and 2024, with a coupon rate of 5.2250% and 5.2813%, respectively. The amount of Php14,865 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

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On March 7, 2014, Smart signed a US$100 million term loan facility agreement with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. to finance the equipment and service contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing twelve months after drawdown date, with final installment on March 7, 2019. The loan was partially drawn in the amounts of US$35 million, US$30 million and US$25 million on March 24, 2014, August 1, 2014, and November 24, 2014, respectively. The amount of US$88 million, or Php3,958 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014. The amount of US$10 million was fully drawn on March 2, 2015.

On March 26, 2014, Smart signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with Union Bank of the Philippines, or UBP, to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on March 29, 2021. The amount of Php2,000 million was fully drawn on March 28, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On April 2, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility agreement with The Philippine American Life and General Insurance Company, or Philam Life, to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on April 4, 2024. The amount of Php1,500 million was fully drawn on April 4, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On April 2, 2014, Smart signed a Php500 million term loan facility agreement with Banco de Oro Unibank, Inc. to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on April 2, 2021. The amount of Php500 million loan was fully drawn on April 4, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On May 14, 2014, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with Mizuho Bank Ltd., Singapore Branch to finance the capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing eleven months after drawdown date, with final installment on May 14, 2019. The loan was fully drawn on July 1, 2014. The amount of US$49 million, or Php2,207 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On May 23, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with Philam Life to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on May 28, 2024. The amount of Php1,000 million was fully drawn on May 28, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

148

On June 9, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance its capital expenditure requirements. The loan is payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the ninth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on June 13, 2024. The amount of Php1,000 million was fully drawn on June 13, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On July 28, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility with UBP to finance its capital expenditures and/or refinance its existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for its service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the ninth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on July 31, 2024. The amount of Php1,500 million was fully drawn on July 31, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On August 5, 2014, PLDT signed a US$100 million term loan facility agreement with Philippine National Bank, or PNB, to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance existing obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement programs. The loan is payable over six years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the fifth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on August 11, 2020. Two separate drawdowns of US$50 million each were drawn on August 11, 2014 and August 15, 2014. The amount of US$100 million, or Php4,474 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On August 29, 2014, PLDT signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company, or Metrobank, to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance existing obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement programs. The loan is payable over six years with a semi-annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the fifth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on September 2, 2020. The loan was drawn in full on September 2, 2014. The amount of US$50 million, or Php2,237 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

On February 25, 2015, PLDT signed a Php 2,000 million term loan facility with Bank of the Philippine Islands to finance its capital expenditures and/or refinance its existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for its service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the ninth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on March 24, 2025. The amount of Php2,000 million was fully drawn on March 24, 2015.

On February 26, 2015, PLDT signed a US$200 million term loan facility with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as the facility agent, to finance capital expenditure requirements for network expansion and improvement and/or to refinance existing indebtedness proceeds of which were utilized for service improvement and network expansion. The loan is comprised of two tranches: Tranche A amounting to USf$150 million which carries a floating interest rate and Tranche B amounting to US$50 which carries a floating interest rate on the first year and a fixed interest rate on the second year until maturity of the loan. Both tranches are payable over seven years commencing on the date which falls 36 months after the date of the agreement, with semi-annual amortizations of 23.75% of the loan amount on the first and second repayment dates and seven semi-annual amortizations of 7.5% of the loan amount starting on the third repayment date. The amount of US$50 million for Tranche B was drawn on March 5, 2015.

149

On March 4, 2015, Smart signed a US$200 million term loan facility agreement with Mizuho Bank Ltd., to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing 12 months after agreement date, with final installment on March 4, 2020. The amount of US$100 million was partially drawn on March 23, 2015.

Approximately Php64,261 million principal amount of our consolidated outstanding long-term debt as at December 31, 2014 is scheduled to mature over the period from 2015 to 2018. Of this amount, Php31,120 million is attributable to PLDT, Php25,969 million to Smart and Php7,172 million to DMPI.

For further details on our long-term debt, see Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Debt Covenants

As a result of the acquisition of Digitel, PLDT assumed the obligations of JGSHI as guarantor under the Digitel and DMPI loan agreements covered by guarantees from JGSHI. These loans and guarantees contained certain representations and covenants applicable to JGSHI including that on the ownership of JGSHI in Digitel. Digitel and DMPI obtained the required consents of the lenders and export credit agencies for the replacement of JGSHI by PLDT as guarantor under these loans. As at December 31, 2014, the outstanding balance of DMPI loans covered by PLDT guarantees is Php8,581 million. There were no outstanding Digitel loans covered by PLDT guarantees as at December 31, 2014.

Our consolidated debt instruments contain restrictive covenants, including covenants that require us to comply with specified financial ratios and other financial tests, calculated in conformity with IFRS, at relevant measurement dates, principally at the end of each quarterly period. We have complied with all of our maintenance financial ratios as required under our loan covenants and other debt instruments. Furthermore, certain of DMPI’s debt instruments contain provisions wherein DMPI may be declared in default in case of a change in control in DMPI.

As at December 31, 2014, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants.

See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Debt Covenants to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for a more detailed discussion of our debt covenants.

Financing Requirements

We believe that our available cash, including cash flow from operations, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our projected operating, investment, capital expenditures and debt service requirements for the next 12 months; however, we may finance a portion of these costs from external sources if we consider it prudent to do so.

150

The following table shows the dividends declared to common and preferred shareholders from the earnings for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Date

Amount

Earnings

Approved

Record

Payable

Per
share

Total
Declared

(in millions, except per share amount)

2014

Common

Regular Dividend

August 5, 2014

August 28, 2014

September 26, 2014

Php

69.00

Php

14,908

Regular Dividend

March 3, 2015

March 17, 2015

April 16, 2015

61.00

13,179

Special Dividend

March 3, 2015

March 17, 2015

April 16, 2015

26.00

5,618

33,705

Preferred

Series IV Cumulative Non-convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock⁽¹⁾

Various

—

10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

Various

1.00

—

Voting Preferred Stock

Various

Charged to Retained Earnings

Php

33,764

2013

Common

Regular Dividend

August 7, 2013

August 30, 2013

September 27, 2013

63.00

13,611

Regular Dividend

March 4, 2014

March 18, 2014

April 16, 2014

62.00

13,395

Special Dividend

March 4, 2014

March 18, 2014

April 16, 2014

54.00

11,667

38,673

Preferred

Series IV Cumulative Non-convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock⁽¹⁾

Various

—

10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

Various

1.00

—

Voting Preferred Stock

Various

Charged to Retained Earnings

Php

38,732

⁽¹⁾

Dividends are declared based on total amount paid up.

See “Item 3 – Key Information – Dividends Declared” and “ – Dividends Paid” and Note 20 – Equity to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further information on our dividend payments.

Credit Ratings

None of our existing indebtedness contains provisions under which credit rating downgrades would trigger a default, changes in applicable interest rates or other similar terms and conditions.

151

PLDT’s current credit ratings are as follows:


Rating Agency	Credit Rating		Outlook

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, or S&P	Long-term Foreign Issuer Credit	BBB+	Stable
	ASEAN regional scale	axA+

Moody’s Investor Service, or Moody’s	Foreign Currency Senior Unsecured Debt Rating	Baa2	Stable
	Local Currency Issuer Rating	Baa2	Stable

Fitch Ratings, or Fitch	Long-term Foreign Currency Issuer Default Rating	BBB	Stable
	Long-term Local Currency Issuer Default Rating	A-	Stable
	National Long-term Rating	AAA(ph1)	Stable

CRISP	Issuer rating	AAA	Stable

On May 9, 2014, S&P upgraded our long-term foreign issuer credit rating to “BBB+” from “BBB”, with a stable outlook. On the S&P Asean regional scale, PLDT’s rating improved to “aXA+” from “aXA”.

On October 17, 2014, Fitch affirmed PLDT’s long-term foreign and local currency issuer default ratings at “BBB” and “A-”, respectively. These ratings are considered “investment grade”. Also, our national long-term rating has been affirmed at “AAA(phl), as well as our senior notes at “BBB”. The outlook is stable. The ratings reflect PLDT’s market leadership position in the Philippine telecommunications industry across the wireless, fixed line and broadband segments.

On March 5, 2014, Moody’s affirmed PLDT’s foreign currency bond rating and local currency issuer rating at “Baa2”. Both ratings are considered “investment grade.” The outlook in both ratings is stable.

On January 6, 2014, CRISP rated PLDT’s inaugural peso retail bonds as “AAA” issuer rating with a “stable” outlook, the highest on the scale. CRISP cited PLDT’s dominant market leadership, strong historical financial performance and excellent management and governance as key considerations for providing their rating.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have any current or future effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, changes in stockholders’ equity, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.

152

Equity Financing

On August 5, 2014, the PLDT Board of Directors approved an amendment to our dividend policy, increasing the dividend payout rate to 75% from 70% of our core earnings per share as regular dividends. In declaring dividends, we take into consideration the interest of our shareholders, as well as our working capital, capital expenditures and debt servicing requirements. The retention of earnings may be necessary to meet the funding requirements of our business expansion and development programs. However, in the event that no investment opportunities arise, we may consider the option of returning additional cash to our shareholders in the form of special dividends of up to the balance of our core earnings or to undertake share buybacks. We were able to pay out approximately 100% of our core earnings for seven consecutive years from 2007 to 2013 and approximately 90% of our core earnings for 2014. The accumulated equity in the net earnings of our subsidiaries, which form part of our retained earnings, is not available for distribution unless realized in the form of dividends from such subsidiaries. Dividends are generally paid in Philippine pesos. In the case of shareholders residing outside the Philippines, PLDT’s transfer agent in Manila, Philippines, which acts as the dividend-disbursing agent, converts the Philippine peso dividends into U.S. dollars at the prevailing exchange rates and remits the dollar dividends abroad, net of any applicable withholding tax.

Our subsidiaries pay dividends subject to the requirements of applicable laws and regulations and availability of unrestricted retained earnings, without any restriction imposed by the terms of contractual agreements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the subsidiaries of PLDT may, at any time, declare and pay such dividends depending upon the results of operations and future projects and plans, the respective subsidiary’s earnings, cash flow, financial condition, capital investment requirements and other factors.

Consolidated cash dividend payments in 2014 amounted to Php39,900 million as compared with Php37,804 million paid to shareholders in 2013.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

Contractual Obligations

The following table discloses a summary of maturity profile of our financial liabilities based on our consolidated contractual undiscounted obligations outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Payments Due by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million)
December 31, 2014
Debt⁽¹⁾:	Php	157,607	Php	575	Php	71,798	Php	27,100	Php	58,134
Principal		130,634		377		57,918		21,107		51,232
Interest		26,973		198		13,880		5,993		6,902
Lease obligations:		18,190		9,446		4,302		2,132		2,310
Operating lease		18,184		9,446		4,296		2,132		2,310
Finance lease		6		—		6		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations⁽²⁾		211		72		45		45		49
Other obligations:		122,486		98,452		17,073		5,160		1,801
Derivative financial liabilities⁽³⁾:		2,057		131		1,926		—		—
Long-term currency swap		1,712		—		1,712		—		—
Interest rate swap		345		131		214		—		—
Various trade and other obligations:		120,429		98,321		15,147		5,160		1,801
Suppliers and contractors		55,288		35,857		14,356		5,075		—

153


	Payments Due by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million)
Utilities and related expenses		35,049		35,021		6		5		17
Employee benefits		8,234		8,234		—		—		—
Liability from redemption of preferred shares		7,922		7,922		—		—		—
Carriers and other customers		2,799		2,799		—		—		—
Customers’ deposits		2,438		—		574		80		1,784
Dividends		1,070		1,070		—		—		—
Others		7,629		7,418		211		—		—

Total contractual obligations		298,494		108,545		93,218		34,437		62,294


December 31, 2013
Debt⁽¹⁾:		123,623		2,774		48,824		35,908		36,117
Principal		104,472		2,576		37,822		31,549		32,525
Interest		19,151		198		11,002		4,359		3,592
Lease obligations:		14,574		7,711		3,198		2,016		1,649
Operating lease		14,562		7,710		3,187		2,016		1,649
Finance lease		12		1		11		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations⁽²⁾		231		66		44		44		77
Other obligations:		109,405		84,869		14,841		7,627		2,068
Derivative financial liabilities⁽³⁾:		2,274		92		923		1,259		—
Long-term currency swap		2,086		—		833		1,253		—
Interest rate swap		188		92		90		6		—
Various trade and other obligations:		107,131		84,777		13,918		6,368		2,068
Suppliers and contractors		49,314		29,799		13,183		6,332		—
Utilities and related expenses		31,576		31,483		68		5		20
Liability from redemption of preferred shares		7,952		7,952		—		—		—
Employee benefits		5,350		5,350		—		—		—
Customers’ deposits		2,545		—		466		31		2,048
Carriers and other customers		2,264		2,264		—		—		—
Dividends		932		932		—		—		—
Others		7,198		6,997		201		—		—

Total contractual obligations	Php	247,833	Php	95,420	Php	66,907	Php	45,595	Php	39,911

⁽¹⁾

Consists of long-term debt, including current portion, and notes payable; gross of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs.

⁽²⁾

Based on the Amended ATPA with AIL. See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions – Air Time Purchase Agreement, or ATPA, between PLDT and AIL Related Party Agreements.

⁽³⁾

Gross liabilities before any offsetting application.

For a detailed discussion of our consolidated contractual undiscounted obligations as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, see Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Commercial Commitments

Our outstanding consolidated commercial commitments, in the form of letters of credit, amounted to Php32 million and Php20 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. These commitments will expire within one year.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

Inflation can be a significant factor in the Philippine economy, and we are continually seeking ways to minimize its impact. The average inflation rate in the Philippines in 2014 and 2013 was 4.1% and 2.9%, respectively. Moving forward, we currently expect inflation to remain low, which may have an impact on our operations.

See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks – Foreign Currency Exchange Risk” for a description of the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our business.

154

Item 6.

Directors, Senior Management and Employees

Directors, Key Officers and Advisors

The Board is principally responsible for PLDT’s overall direction and governance. PLDT’s Articles of Incorporation provide for 13 members of the Board, who shall be elected by the stockholders. At present, three of PLDT’s 13 directors are independent directors. The Board holds office for a one year period and until their successors are elected, and are qualified in accordance with the By-Laws.

The name, age and period of service, of each of the current directors, including independent directors, of PLDT as at January 31, 2015 are as follows:


Name	Age	Period during which individual has served as such

Manuel V. Pangilinan	68	November 24, 1998 to present
Napoleon L. Nazareno	65	November 24, 1998 to present
Helen Y. Dee	70	June 18, 1986 to present
Ray C. Espinosa	58	November 24, 1998 to present
James L. Go	75	November 3, 2011 to present
Setsuya Kimura	57	July 5, 2011 to present
Hideaki Ozaki	49	December 6, 2011 to present
Ret. Chief Justice Artemio V. Panganiban⁽¹⁾	78	April 23, 2013 to present
Pedro E. Roxas⁽¹⁾	58	March 1, 2001 to present
Juan B. Santos	76	January 25, 2011 to present
Tony Tan Caktiong	62	July 8, 2008 to present
Alfred V. Ty⁽¹⁾	47	June 13, 2006 to present
Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan	61	March 29, 2011 to present

⁽¹⁾

Independent Director.

The name, age, position and period of service of the key officers and all other officers of PLDT as at January 31, 2015 are as follows:


Name	Age	Position(s)	Period during which individual has served as such

Executive Officers:
Manuel V. Pangilinan	68	Chairman of the Board	February 19, 2004 to present
Napoleon L. Nazareno	65	President and CEO	February 19, 2004 to present
		President and CEO of Smart	January 2000 to present
Ernesto R. Alberto	53	Executive Vice President	January 1, 2012 to present
		Enterprise, International and Carrier Business Head	September 16, 2011 to present
		Customer Sales and Marketing Head	February 1, 2008 to September 15, 2011
		Corporate Business Head	May 15, 2003 to January 31, 2008
Isaias P. Fermin	46	Executive Vice President	January 1, 2012 to present
		HOME Business Head	January 1, 2012 to present
Ray C. Espinosa	58	Regulatory Affairs and Policies Head	March 4, 2008 to present
Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan	61	Senior Vice President	January 5, 1999 to present
		Corporate Secretary	November 24, 1998 to present
		Corporate Affairs and Legal Services Head	January 5, 1999 to present
		Chief Governance Officer	March 4, 2008 to present
Anabelle L. Chua	54	Senior Vice President	February 26, 2002 to present
		Corporate Finance and Treasury Head	March 1, 1998 to present
		Treasurer	February 1, 1999 to present
		Chief Financial Officer of Smart	December 1, 2005 to present
Rene G. Bañez	59	Senior Vice President	January 25, 2005 to present
		Supply Chain, Asset Protection and Management Head	January 1, 2008 to present
		Chief Governance Officer	October 5, 2004 to March 3, 2008

155


Name	Age	Position(s)	Period during which individual has served as such
Jun R. Florencio	58	Senior Vice President	June 14, 2005 to present
		Internal Audit and Fraud Risk Management Head	February 16, 2006 to present
		Audit and Assurance Head	September 1, 2000 to February 15, 2006
Menardo G. Jimenez, Jr.	51	Senior Vice President	December 9, 2004 to present
		Human Resources Head and Business Transformation Office Head	August 1, 2010 to present
		Business Transformation Office – Revenue Team Head	January 1, 2008 to July 2010
		Retail Business Head	June 16, 2004 to December 31, 2007
		Corporate Communications and Public Affairs Head	December 1, 2001 to June 15, 2004
Claro Carmelo P. Ramirez⁽¹⁾	54	Senior Vice President	July 1, 1999 to December 31, 2014
		Office of the President and CEO	January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2014
		Seconded to MediaQuest
		Consumer Affairs Group Head	December 5, 2005 to December 31, 2007
		International and Carrier Business Head	June 16, 2004 to December 4, 2005
		Retail Business Head	February 1, 2003 to June 15, 2004
Alejandro O. Caeg	54	Senior Vice President	January 1, 2012 to present
		International and Carrier Business Head	March 1, 2009 to present
June Cheryl A. Cabal-Revilla	41	First Vice President	May 6, 2008 to present
		Financial Reporting and Controllership Head	November 15, 2006 to present
		Financial Reporting and Planning Head	May 1, 2002 to November 15, 2006

All Other Officers:
Florentino D. Mabasa, Jr.	56	First Vice President	February 19, 2004 to present
Emiliano R. Tanchico, Jr.	58	First Vice President	May 8, 2001 to present
Ricardo M. Sison	53	First Vice President	February 26, 2002 to present
Miguela F. Villanueva	63	First Vice President	January 31, 2003 to present
Cesar M. Enriquez	62	First Vice President	February 19, 2004 to present
Alfredo B. Carrera	60	First Vice President	February 27, 2006 to present
Leo I. Posadas	48	First Vice President	March 6, 2007 to present
Katrina L. Abelarde	39	First Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Anna Isabel V. Bengzon	42	First Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Juan Victor I. Hernandez	41	First Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Melissa V. Vergel De Dios	51	First Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Martin T. Rio	54	First Vice President	October 22, 2012 up to present
Jesus M. Tañedo	63	Vice President	January 1, 2001 to present
Ricardo C. Rodriguez	56	Vice President	February 26, 2002 to present
Rebecca Jeanine R. de Guzman⁽²⁾	52	Vice President	March 1, 2003 to March 16, 2015
Emeraldo L. Hernandez	57	Vice President	February 19, 2004 to present
Joseph Nelson M. Ladaban	49	Vice President	February 19, 2004 to present
Genaro C. Sanchez	52	Vice President	January 25, 2005 to present
Jose A. Apelo	56	Vice President	June 14, 2005 to present
Ma. Josefina T. Gorres	51	Vice President	June 14, 2005 to present
Elisa B. Gesalta	56	Vice President	February 27, 2006 to present
Ma. Criselda B. Guhit	52	Vice President	February 27, 2006 to present
Oliver Carlos G. Odulio	44	Vice President	March 6, 2007 to present
Ana Maria A. Sotto	56	Vice President	March 6, 2007 to present
Julieta S. Tañeca	55	Vice President	March 6, 2007 to present
Marco Alejandro T. Borlongan	47	Vice President	September 14, 2007 to present
Rafael M. Bejar	57	Vice President	March 3, 2009 to present
Renato L. Castañeda	63	Vice President	March 3, 2009 to present
Alexander S. Kibanoff	51	Vice President	March 3, 2009 to present
Javier C. Lagdameo	50	Vice President	March 3, 2009 to present
Alona S. Dingle	41	Vice President	March 26, 2010 to present

156


Name	Age	Position(s)	Period during which individual has served as such
Gil Samson D. Garcia	43	Vice President	March 26, 2010 to present
Luis Ignacio A. Lopa	55	Vice President	March 26, 2010 to present
Marven S. Jardiel	47	Vice President	March 26, 2010 to present
Victor Y. Tria	45	Vice President	March 26, 2010 to present
Margarito G. Dujali, Jr.	40	Vice President	August 31, 2010 to present
Patrick S. Tang	41	Vice President	August 31, 2010 to present
Albert Mitchell L. Locsin	44	Vice President	June 1, 2011 to present
Raul S. Alvarez	64	Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Joselito S. Limjap	52	Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Ma. Carmela F. Luque	46	Vice President	March 5, 2013 to present
Walter M. Gaffud	39	Vice President	May 1, 2013 to present
Joseph Ian G. Gendrano	38	Vice President	May 1, 2013 to present
John John R. Gonzales	46	Vice President	June 1, 2013 to present
Princesita P. Katigbak	48	Vice President	May 6, 2014 to present
Aileen D. Regio	44	Vice President	May 6, 2014 to present
Gerardo Jose. V. Castro	53	Vice President	September 30, 2014 to present
Gene S. De Guzman	53	Vice President	September 30, 2014 to present
Paolo Jose C. Lopez	44	Vice President	January 27, 2015 to present

⁽¹⁾

Separated from service on December 31, 2014.

⁽²⁾

Separated from service effective on March 16, 2015.

The following is a brief description of the business experiences of each of our directors, executive officers and advisors for at least the past five years:

Mr. Manuel V. Pangilinan, 68 years old, has been a director of PLDT since November 24, 1998. He was appointed as Chairman of the Board of Directors of PLDT after serving as its President and Chief Executive Officer from November 1998 to February 2004. He is the Chairman of the Governance and Nomination, Executive Compensation and Technology Strategy Committees of the Board of Directors of PLDT. He also serves as Chairman of Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (“MPIC”), Manila Electric Company (“Meralco”) and Philex Mining Corporation, all of which are PSE-listed companies, and of several subsidiaries or affiliates of PLDT or MPIC, including, among others, Smart Communications, Inc. (“Smart”), Beacon Electric Asset Holdings Inc. (“Beacon”), Manila North Tollways Corporation, Maynilad Water Services Corporation (“Maynilad”), Landco Pacific Corporation, Medical Doctors Incorporated (Makati Medical Center), Colinas Verdes Corporation (Cardinal Santos Medical Center), Davao Doctors Incorporated, Riverside Medical Center Incorporated, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital and Asian Hospital Incorporated. He is also the Chairman of MediaQuest Holdings Inc. (“MediaQuest”), TV Network Inc. (“TV5”) and PLDT-Smart Foundation, Inc.

Mr. Pangilinan founded First Pacific Company Limited (“First Pacific”), a Hongkong Stock Exchange-listed company, in 1981 and served as Managing Director until 1999. He was appointed as Executive Chairman until June 2003, when he was named as Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director. Within the First Pacific Group, he also holds the position of President Commissioner of P.T. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk, the largest food company in Indonesia.

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Outside the First Pacific Group, Mr. Pangilinan is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of San Beda College and the Hong Kong Bayanihan Trust, a non-stock, non-profit foundation which provides vocational, social and cultural activities for Hongkong’s foreign domestic helpers. In February 2007, he was named the President of the Samahang Basketbol Ng Pilipinas, a national sports association for basketball. In January 2009, he assumed the chairmanship of the Amateur Boxing Association of the Philippines, a governing body of the amateur boxers in the country. He is a Co-Chairman of the Philippine Disaster Recovery Foundation, Incorporated (PDRF), a non-stock, non-profit foundation established to formulate and implement a reconstruction strategy to rehabilitate and rebuild areas devastated by floods and other calamities, and of the newly organized US-Philippine Business Society, a non-profit society which seeks to broaden the relationship between the United States and the Philippines in the areas of trade, investment, education, foreign and security policies and culture. He is the Chairman of Philippine Business for Social Progress, a social action organization made up of the country’s largest corporations, Vice Chairman of the Foundation for Crime Prevention, a private sector group organized to assist the government with crime prevention, a member of the Board of Trustees of Caritas Manila and Radio Veritas-Global Broadcasting Systems, Inc., a former Commissioner of the Pasig Rehabilitation Commission, and a former Governor of the Philippine Stock Exchange.

Mr. Pangilinan has received numerous prestigious awards including the Ten Outstanding Young Men of the Philippines (TOYM) for International Finance (1983), the Presidential Pamana ng Pilipino Award by the Office of the President of the Philippines (1996), Best CEO in the Philippines by Institutional Investor (2004), CEO of the Year (Philippines) by Biz News Asia (2004), People of the Year by People Asia Magazine (2004), Distinguished World Class Businessman Award by the Association of Makati Industries, Inc. (2005), Man of the Year by Biz News Asia (2005), Management Man of the Year by the Management Association of the Philippines (2005), Order of Lakandula (Rank of a Komandante) in recognition of his contributions to the country by the Office of the President of the Republic of the Philippines (2006), Business Icon Gold Award for having greatly contributed to the Philippine economy through achievements in business and society by Biz News Asia magazine (2008), Global Filipino Executive of the Year for 2010 by Asia CEO Awards, Philippines Best CEO for 2012 by Finance Asia, Sports Patron of the Year for his invaluable contributions to the Philippine Sports (2010) and Executive of the Year (2013) by the Philippine Sportswriters Association or PSA.

Mr. Pangilinan graduated cum laude from the Ateneo de Manila University, with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Economics. He received his Master’s Degree in Business Administration from Wharton School of Finance & Commerce at the University of Pennsylvania. He was conferred a Doctor of Humanities Degree (Honoris Causa) by the San Beda College (2002), Xavier University (2007), Holy Angel University (2009) and Far Eastern University (2010).

Mr. Napoleon L. Nazareno, 65 years old, has been a director of PLDT since November 24, 1998 and is a member of the Technology Strategy Committee of the Board of Directors of PLDT. He has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of PLDT since his appointment on February 19, 2004 and is concurrently the President and Chief Executive Officer of Smart since January 2000. He also serves as Chairman of several subsidiaries of PLDT and Smart including PLDT Communications and Energy Ventures, Inc. (“PCEV”), Smart Broadband, Inc., Smart e-Money, Inc., Connectivity Unlimited Resources Enterprises, Inc. I-CONTACTS Corporation, ePLDT, Inc. (“ePLDT”), Mabuhay Investments Corporation (“Mabuhay Investments”), ACeS Philippines Cellular Corporation (“ACeS Philippines”), Digital Telecommunications Phils, Inc. (“Digitel”) Digitel Mobile Phils, Inc. (“Digitel Mobile”), PLDT Global Investments Holdings, Inc. and PLDT Global Corporation (“PLDT Global”). His other directorships include Meralco, a PSE-listed company, Meralco Powergen Corporation, Cignal TV, Inc. (Cignal) and Rufino Pacific Tower Condominium Corporation. He is a non-executive director of First Pacific, a Hongkong Stock Exchange-listed company, and a Supervisory Board Member of Rocket Internet AG, a company which provides a platform for the rapid creation and scaling of consumer internet businesses outside the U.S. and China.

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Mr. Nazareno’s business experience spans several countries in over 30 years and his exposure cuts across a broad range of industries, namely, packaging, bottling, petrochemicals, real estate and, in the last 14 years, telecommunications and information technology. In 1981, he started a successful career in the international firm Akerlund & Rausing, occupying senior management to top level positions and, in 1989, became the President and Chief Executive Officer of Akerlund & Rausing (Phils.), Inc. In August 1995, he moved to Metro Pacific Corporation where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer until December 1999.

Mr. Nazareno is also the Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Governors of Asian Institute of Management, the President and Trustee of First Pacific Leadership Academy, a trustee of Ideaspace and Philippine Disaster Recovery Foundation, Inc., a director of Operation Smile and a member of Analitika. He was a board member of the GSM Association Worldwide from November 2004 to November 2012 and Wholesale Applications Community from July 2010 to 2012. He was appointed to the Private Sector Advisory Board of the Commission on Information and Communications Technology under the Office of the President of the Philippines in February 2006. He was voted Corporate Executive Officer of the Year (Philippines) for three consecutive years at the 2004, 2005 and 2006 Best-Managed Companies and Corporate Governance Polls conducted by Asiamoney, was awarded the Telecom CEO of the Year at the 15^th Telecoms Asia Awards, an influential Asian telecommunications industry magazine in Bangkok, and was cited as “Best Telecom CEO in Asia 2013” by the All-Asia Executive Team Survey conducted by the New York-based Institutional Investor.

Mr. Nazareno received his Master’s Degree in Business Management from the Asian Institute of Management, completed the INSEAD Executive Program of the European Institute of Business Administration in Fountainbleu, France, and was conferred a Doctor of Technology Degree (Honoris Causa) by the University of San Carlos.

Ms. Helen Y. Dee, 70 years old, has been a director of PLDT since June 18, 1986. She is the Chairperson or a director of EEI Corporation, National Reinsurance Corporation of the Philippines, Petro Energy Resources Corporation, Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation and Seafront Resources Corporation, all of which are PSE-listed companies. She is the Chairperson, Vice Chairperson or a director of several companies engaged in banking, insurance and real property businesses. She is also the President and/or Chief Executive Officer of Hydee Management and Resource Corp., Moira Management, Inc., Tameena Resources, Inc., YGC Corporate Services, Inc., Financial Brokers Insurance Agency, Inc., GPL Holdings, Inc. and Mijo Holdings, Inc., the Vice President of A. T. Yuchengco, Inc., and the Treasurer of Business Harmony Realty, Inc. Ms. Dee received her Master’s Degree in Business Administration from De La Salle University.

Atty. Ray C. Espinosa, 58 years old, has been a director of PLDT since November 24, 1998, the Head of Regulatory Affairs and Policies of PLDT since March 2008, and General Counsel of Meralco since 2009. In June 2013, he joined First Pacific and was appointed as First Pacific Group’s Head of Government and Regulatory Affairs and Head of Communications Bureau for the Philippines. Atty. Espinosa is also a director of Meralco, Metro Pacific Investments Corporation and Roxas Holdings, Inc., and an independent director and Chairman of the Audit Committee of Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company, which are PSE-listed companies. He is the Chairman of PhilStar Group of Companies, Business World Publication Corporation, a director and Corporate Secretary of Philippine Telecommunications Investment Corporation, a director of Metro Pacific Resources, Inc. and BTF Holdings, Inc. and a trustee of the Beneficial Trust Fund of PLDT and PLDT-Smart Foundation, Inc.

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Atty. Espinosa served as President & CEO of MediaQuest,TV5 Network, Inc. and Cignal TV, Inc. until May 2013 and prior thereto, was the President & CEO of ePLDT and its subsidiaries until April 2010.

Atty. Espinosa has a Master of Laws degree from the University of Michigan Law School and is a member of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines. He was a partner at Sycip Salazar Hernandez & Gatmaitan from 1982 to 2000, and a foreign associate at Covington and Burling (Washington, D. C., USA) from 1987 to 1988.

Mr. James L. Go, 75 years old, has been a director of PLDT since November 3, 2011, and is a member of the Technology Strategy Committee and Advisor of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of PLDT. He is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of JG Summit Holdings, Inc. and Oriental Petroleum and Minerals Corporation, the Chairman of Universal Robina Corporation and Robinsons Land Corporation, the Vice Chairman and Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Robinsons Retail Holdings, Inc., which are PSE-listed companies. He is also the Chairman of JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation and JG Summit Olefins Corporation, and a director of Cebu Air, Inc., CFC Corporation, United Industrial Corporation, Marina Center Holdings Private Limited, Inc. and Hotel Marina City Private Limited. He is also the President and Trustee of the Gokongwei Brothers Foundation. He was the Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Digitel until October 26, 2011. Mr. Go received his Bachelor of Science Degree and Master of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.

Mr. Setsuya Kimura, 57 years old, has been a director of PLDT since July 5, 2011. He is a member of the Governance and Nomination, Executive Compensation and Technology Strategy Committees, and Advisor of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of PLDT. He is the Director of Network Department of NTT DoCoMo, Inc. He served as Regional CEO, Asia Pacific of NTT Communications and President & CEO of NTT Singapore Pte Ltd from 2007 to 2009, and as President & CEO of NTT Communications (Thailand) Co. Ltd from 2003 to 2007. Prior to that, he occupied various management positions in Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company. Mr. Kimura obtained his Bachelor’s Degree in Civil Engineering from Hokkaido University.

Mr. Hideaki Ozaki, 49 years old, has been a director of PLDT since December 6, 2011. He is the Vice President of Corporate Planning and Carrier Relations, Global Business of NTT Communications Corporation (“NTT Com”), a company which provides telecommunication and ICT services such as Global Network, Data Centre, Cloud Services inside and outside of Japan. He served as part-time Director of NTT Communications Philippines from July 2009 to February 2012. Prior to that, he served as Vice President of Global Strategy, Global Business Division of NTT Com since 2006 and as Director of Legal and Internal Audit Department of NTT Com from 2003 to 2006. He also served as Vice President of Sales and Corporate Planning of NTT Communications (Thailand) Co., Ltd. from 1999 to 2003 and as Manager of Overseas Business Planning, Global Service Division of Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation from 1995 to 1999. Mr. Ozaki obtained his Bachelor’s Degree in Law from University of Tokyo and Master’s Degree in Law from University of Pennsylvania.

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Hon. Artemio V. Panganiban, 78 years old, has been an independent director of PLDT since April 23, 2013 and an independent member of the Audit, Governance and Nomination and Executive Compensation Committees of the Board of Directors of PLDT since May 7, 2013. He served as an independent member of the Advisory Board and an independent non-voting member of the Governance and Nomination Committee of the Board of Directors of PLDT from June 9, 2009 to May 6, 2013. Currently, he is also an independent director of Meralco, Petron Corporation, Bank of the Philippine Islands, First Philippine Holdings Corporation, Metro Pacific Investments Corporation, Robinsons Land Corporation, GMA Network, GMA Holdings, and Asian Terminals, Inc., and a regular director of Jollibee Foods Corporation, all of which are PSE-listed companies. He also holds directorships in Metro Pacific Tollways Corporation and Tollways Management Corporation. He is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Foundation for Liberty and Prosperity, a trustee of Claudio Teehankee Foundation, Chairman-Emeritus of the Philippine Dispute Resolution Center, Inc., President of the Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica Foundation, Chairman of the Board of Advisers of Metrobank Foundation, Inc., Asian Institute of Management Ramon V. Del Rosario, Sr. C.V. Starr Center for Corporate Governance and University of Asia and the Pacific College of Law, member of the Board of Advisers of De La Salle University College of Law and Johann Strauss Society, member of the Advisory Board of World Bank (Philippines), senior adviser of the Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company and V. Mapa Falcon Honor Society, adviser of Double Dragon Properties Corp., member of the Philippine National Committee of the Asean Law Association, and a column writer of the Philippine Daily Inquirer.

Hon. Panganiban served the Supreme Court of the Philippines for more than 11 years, first as Justice (October 10, 1995 to December 20, 2005) and later, as Chief Justice (December 21, 2005 to December 6, 2006) during which he sat concurrently as Chairperson of the Presidential Electoral Tribunal, Judicial and Bar Council and Philippine Judicial Academy.

He was the recipient of numerous awards in recognition of his role as jurist, practising lawyer, professor, civic leader, Catholic lay worker and business entrepreneur, including as “The Renaissance Jurist of the 21st Century” given by the Supreme Court on the occasion of his retirement from the Court.

Hon. Panganiban obtained his Bachelor of Laws Degree (Cum Laude) from the Far Eastern University in 1960, and was conferred a Doctor of Laws Degree (Honoris Causa) by the University of Iloilo (1997), Far Eastern University (2002), University of Cebu (2006), Angeles University (2006) and Bulacan State University (2006). He was co-founder and past president of the National Union of Students of the Philippines.

Mr. Pedro E. Roxas, 58 years old, has been a director of PLDT since March 1, 2001 and qualified as an independent director since 2002. He is the Chairman of the Audit Committee and serves as an independent member of the Governance and Nomination and Executive Compensation Committees of the Board of Directors of PLDT. He is the Chairman of Roxas Holdings, Inc. , Executive Chairman and President/CEO of Roxas and Company, Inc., and an independent director of Meralco and BDO Private Bank, which are reporting or PSE-listed companies. He is also the Chairman, President or a director of companies or associations in the fields of agri-business, sugar manufacturing and real estate development including Brightnote Assets Corporation, Club Punta Fuego, Inc. and Philippine Sugar Millers Association, and a member of the Board of Trustees of Philippine Business for Social Progress and Fundacion Santiago (where he is also the President). Mr. Roxas received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, U.S.A.

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Mr. Juan B. Santos, 76 years old, has been a director of PLDT since January 25, 2011. He is the Chairman of Social Security Commission/Social Security System, and a member of the Board of Directors of Alaska Milk Corporation, First Philippine Holdings Corporation and Philex Mining Corporation, which are PSE-listed companies. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of Philippine Investment Management (PHINMA), Inc., Sun Life Grepa Financial, Inc., a member of the Board of Advisors of Coca-Cola FEMSA Asia Division, East-West Seeds Company., Inc., a trustee of Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation and St. Luke’s Medical Center, and a consultant of the Marsman-Drysdale Group of Companies.

Mr. Santos retired as Chief Executive Officer of Nestle Philippines, Inc. (“NPI”) in 2003 and continued to serve as Chairman of NPI until 2005. Prior to his appointment as President and CEO of NPI, he was the CEO of the Nestle Group of Companies in Thailand and Singapore. He served as Secretary of Trade and Industry from February to July 2005 and was designated as a member of the Governance Advisory Council, and Private Sector Representative for the Public-Private Sector Task Force for the Development of Globally Competitive Philippine Service Industries.

Mr. Santos was bestowed the prestigious Management Man of the Year Award for 1994 by the Management Association of the Philippines and was the Agora Awardee for Marketing Management given by the Philippine Marketing Association in 1992. He obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration from Ateneo de Manila University, pursued post graduate studies at the Thunderbird Graduate School of Management in Arizona, USA and completed the Advanced Management Course at IMD in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Mr. Tony Tan Caktiong, 62 years old, has been a director of PLDT since July 8, 2008. He is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Jollibee Foods Corporation, a PSE-listed company and a leader in the fastfood business, which owns and operates a chain of restaurants nationwide and abroad. He is an independent director of First Gen Corporation, a PSE-listed company, and a member of the Board of Trustees of Jollibee Group Foundation, Temasek Foundation and St. Luke’s Medical Center. Mr. Tan Caktiong obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering from University of Santo Tomas and honed his business skills by attending various courses and seminars in several educational institutions including, among others, the Asian Institute of Management, Stanford University (Singapore) and Harvard University.

Mr. Alfred V. Ty, 47 years old, has been an independent director of PLDT since June 13, 2006. He serves as an independent member of the Audit, Governance and Nomination and Executive Compensation Committees of the Board of Directors of PLDT. He is the Vice Chairman of GT Capital Holdings, Inc. and the Corporate Secretary of Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company, both of which are PSE-listed companies. He is also the Vice Chairman of Toyota Motor Philippines Corporation, the President of Federal Land, Inc., the Chairman of Lexus Manila, Inc. and Bonifacio Landmark Realty & Development Corporation, a director of Global Business Power Corp. and Cathay International Resources, Inc., a trustee of Metrobank Foundation, Inc., Norberto Tytana Foundation and GT-Metro Foundation, Inc. He is a Honorary Consul of the Consulate of Uruguay. Mr. Ty received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration from the University of Southern California.

Atty. Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan, 61 years old, has been a director of PLDT since March 29, 2011 and is a non-voting member of the Governance and Nomination Committee of the Board of Directors of PLDT. She has been serving as Corporate Secretary, Corporate Affairs and Legal Services Head and Chief Governance Officer of PLDT since November 1998, January 1999 and March 2008, respectively. She is a director of ePLDT and PLDT Global Investments Holdings, Inc. and also serves as Corporate Secretary of several subsidiaries of PLDT, PCEV, PLDT-Smart Foundation Inc. and Philippine Disaster Recovery Foundation, Inc. Prior to joining PLDT, she was the Group Vice President for Legal Affairs of Metro Pacific Corporation and the Corporate Secretary of some of its subsidiaries. Ms. Rausa-Chan obtained her Bachelor of Arts Degree in Political Science and Bachelor of Laws Degree from the University of the Philippines.

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Mr. Ernesto R. Alberto, 53 years old, was appointed as Enterprise, International and Carrier Business Head in September 2011. Prior to that, he was the Customer Sales and Marketing Group Head since February 2008. He leads all revenue generation relationship initiatives of the Enterprise and International and Carrier Business, including product/market development, product management, marketing, sales and distribution, and customer relationship management. He is the Chairman and President of Telesat, Inc., the President and CEO of ePLDT, the Chairman of ABM Solutions, Inc., Acasia, Bonifacio Communications Corporation (“Bonifacio Communications”), ePDS, Inc., iPlus Intelligent Network, Inc., PLDT Clark Telecom, Inc. (“PLDT ClarkTel”), PLDT Subic Telecom, Inc., (“PLDT SubicTel”) and Smart-NTT Multimedia, Inc., a director of Asean Telecoms Holdings, Mabuhay Investments, PLDT Global Corporation (Philippines and Malaysia), PLDT-Philcom, Inc. (“PLDT-Philcom”), PLDT-Maratel, Inc. (“PLDT Maratel”) and IP Converge Data Services, Inc. Mr. Alberto has over 20 years of work experience in the areas of corporate banking, relationship management and business development and, prior to joining PLDT in 2003, was a Vice President and Head of the National Corporate Group of Citibank N.A., Manila from 1996 to May 2003. He previously served as Vice President and Head of the Relationship Management Group of Citytrust Banking Corporation. Mr. Alberto obtained his Master’s Degree in Economic Research from the University of Asia and the Pacific.

Mr. Isaias P. Fermin, 46 years old, was designated, on January 1, 2012, as Executive Vice President and Head of Home Business of the PLDT Group. He is responsible for delivering revenue and profit growth for the Home Business through a much defined brand positioning that consistently engages the consumer in all touch points, a balanced product portfolio that propels both subscriber and ARPU growth and introduction of a new line of products and services that significantly improves the consumer use experience. Concurrently, he is the Chairman of the Board of Directors PLDT Philcom and PLDT Maratel, the Chief Operating Officer of Digitel and a director of PLDT Global Corporation. Mr. Fermin has over 20 years of experience covering general management, consumer marketing, wholesale and retail sales, and retail store management gained from leading fast moving consumer group companies locally and globally. Prior to joining the PLDT Group, he was the President of Greenwich Food Corporation and Chowking Food Corporation of the Jollibee Foods Corporation from 2008 to 2011. He also served as Country Director of Nike Philippines from 2006 – 2008 and handled various posts in Unilever- Bestfoods from 1998 to 2005 as senior executive for sales, marketing, media and innovation process management. Mr. Fermin obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of the Philippines.

Ms. Anabelle L. Chua, 54 years old, Treasurer and Corporate Finance and Treasury Head, concurrently holds the position of Chief Financial Officer of Smart since 2006 and of Digitel Mobile since August 2013. She holds directorships in Philippine Telecommunications Investment Corporation, Smart, Digitel and Beacon Electric and several subsidiaries of PLDT, Smart and Digitel including ePLDT, Digitel Mobile, Aces Philippines, Mabuhay Investments, PLDT Global, PLDT Global Investments, PLDT Digital Investments Pte Ltd., PCEV, Smart Broadband, Inc., Smart e-Money, Inc., Voyager Innovations, Inc. and Chikka Holdings Limited. She is a member of the Board of Directors of Philippine Stock Exchange and Securities Clearing Corporation of the Philippines and the Board of Trustees of the PLDT-Smart Foundation and PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, a director and Chief Financial Officer of MediaQuest and several subsidiaries of MediaQuest, and a member of the Finance and Audit Committees of the Board of Directors of Meralco. Ms. Chua has over 20 years of experience in the areas of corporate finance, treasury, financial control and credit risk management and was a Vice President at Citibank, N.A. where she worked for 10 years prior to joining PLDT in 1998. Ms. Chua graduated magna cum laude from the University of the Philippines with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration and Accountancy.

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Mr. Rene G. Bañez, 59 years old, Supply Chain, Asset Protection and Management Group Head, was the Chief Governance Officer of PLDT from October 2004 to March 3, 2008 and the Support Services and Tax Management Group Head of PLDT from January 1999 to January 2001. He is director of FEP Printing Corp., Meralco Industrial Engineering Services Corp., PLDT ClarkTel, PLDT SubicTel, PLDT Maratel and PLDT Philcom. He served as Commissioner of the Philippine Bureau of Internal Revenue from February 2001 to August 2002. Prior to joining PLDT, he was the Group Vice President for Tax Affairs of Metro Pacific Corporation for three years until December 1998. He obtained his Bachelor of Laws Degree from the Ateneo de Manila University.

Mr. Alejandro O. Caeg, 54 years old, is the President and CEO of PLDT Global Corporation and concurrently the Head of PLDT, Smart, Digitel and Sun International & Carrier Business. He is Smart’s representative to the Conexus Mobile Alliance (one of Asia’s largest cellular roaming alliances), where he was also designated as its Deputy Chairman until 2012 and is currently Conexus Chairman until 2014. Prior to joining PLDT in 2009, he worked in PT Smart Telecom (Indonesia) as its Chief Commercial Strategy Officer from July 2008 to December 2008 and as Chief Commercial Officer from January 2006 to June 2008. He also held various sales, marketing and customer service-related positions in Smart including that of Group Head of Sales and Distribution (2003-2005), Group Head of Customer Care and National Wireless Centers (1998-2001) and Marketing Head of International Gateway Facilities and Local Exchange Carrier (1997-1998). He also served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Telecommunications Distributors Specialist, Inc. in 2002 and as Chief Operations Adviser of I-Contacts Corporation (Smart’s Call Center subsidiary) from 2001 to 2002. Mr. Caeg graduated with a Bachelor’s Degree in AB Applied Economics and obtained MBA credits from De La Salle University Manila.

Mr. Jun R. Florencio, 58 years old, Internal Audit and Fraud Risk Management Head, handles the overall coordination of the internal audit function of the PLDT group of companies and is in-charge of the fraud risk management function of the PLDT Fixed Line business. He has over 25 years of work experience in the areas of external and internal audit, revenue assurance, credit management, information technology, financial management, and controllership. He was the Financial Controller of Smart for four years before he joined PLDT in April 1999 as Head of Financial Management Sector. He held various positions in the finance organization of another telecommunications company prior to joining Smart. Mr. Florencio obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree in Commerce, Major in Accounting from the University of Santo Tomas and attended the Management Development Program of the Asian Institute of Management.

Mr. Menardo G. Jimenez, Jr., 51 years old, Human Resources Group Head, and concurrently Fixed Line Business Transformation Office Head, was Revenue Team Head of the Business Transformation Office from January 2008 to July 2010, the Retail Business Head of PLDT from June 2004 to December 31, 2007 and, prior to that, the Corporate Communications and Public Affairs Head. His directorships include Smart, Telesat, Inc., Smart-NTT Multimedia, Inc., PLDT-Philcom, PLDT Maratel, PLDT ClarkTel and PLDT SubicTel. Prior to joining PLDT, he had a stint at GMA Network, Inc., where he served as head of a creative services and network promotions. Mr. Jimenez obtained his AB Economics Degree from the University of the Philippines.

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Ms. June Cheryl A. Cabal-Revilla, 41 years old, Controller and Financial Reporting and Controllership Head, is also a director and/or the Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer of several subsidiaries of PLDT including PLDT ClarkTel, PLDT SubicTel, PLDT-Philcom, PLDT-Maratel, Digitel, ePLDT, Telesat, Inc., Mabuhay Investments, PLDT-SNMI, Pilipinas Global Network, Pacific Global One Aviation and PLDT Global Corporation, among others. She is also the Chief Financial Officer of Cignal TV, Inc., Treasurer of PLDT-Smart Foundation and the Philippine Disaster Recovery Foundation, Comptroller of First Pacific Leadership Academy Foundation and the President of Tahanan Mutual Building and Loan Association. Prior to joining PLDT in June 2000 as an executive trainee in the Finance Group, she was a senior associate in the business audit and advisory group of SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co., or SGV. Ms. Cabal-Revilla obtained her Bachelor of Science Degree in Accountancy from De La Salle University and Master’s Degree in Business Management Major in Finance from Asian Institute of Management.

Mr. Christopher H. Young, 57 years old, is our Chief Financial Advisor. He worked in PricewaterhouseCoopers in London and Hong Kong from 1979 until 1987, at which time he joined First Pacific in Hong Kong as group financial controller. He joined Metro Pacific Corporation in 1995 as Finance Director, a position he held until he joined us in November 1998.

The following is a brief description of the business experience of the other members of senior management of PLDT as at January 31, 2015:

Mr. Orlando B. Vea, 65 years old, is a director of Smart and its Chief Wireless Advisor since January 2008. He is one of the founders of Smart and served as its President and Chief Executive Officer from February 1991 until December 1999. He also currently serves as a member of the Advisory Board of PLDT, and is a director and the President of PCEV, Digitel Mobile Phils., Inc., Voyager Innovations, Inc., Smart e-Money, Inc., Smart Broadband, Inc. and Primeworld Digital Systems, Inc. His other directorships include, among others, Connectivity Unlimited Resources Enterprises, Inc., Chikka Phils., Inc., Wolfac Mobile, Inc., I-CONTACTS Corporation, IdeaSpace Foundation, Inc., Businessworld Publishing Corp., Morphlabs, Inc. and Kalayaan College, Inc.

Mr. Vea has received several awards including Most Outstanding U.P. Alumnus 2008 for Entrepreneurship and Employment Generation (Centennial Year), Outstanding Filipino Achiever in the field of Science and Technology, PhilDev USA Forum 2010, Outstanding Entrepreneur IT Technology, GO NEGOSYO 2006 and Most Outstanding Alumnus – UP School of Economics 2015.

Mr. Vea has over 20 years of exposure in the telecommunications industry and extensive experience in the wireless and multimedia businesses. He graduated cum laude from the University of the Philippines with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Economics.

Mr. Charles A. Lim, 53 years old, is the Executive Vice President and Head for Consumer Wireless Business of Smart. Concurrently, he is also the Chief Operating Officer of Digitel Mobile which carries the brand Sun Cellular. Prior to the acquisition of Digitel by PLDT, Mr. Lim was Business Unit CEO for the Landline and Cellular business of Digitel. He was previously the Strategic Business Unit Head for Mobile Communications of Globe Telecom Inc. before joining Digitel. He was also the Director for Brand Marketing Greater China of CocaCola China Limited Hongkong and the Business Unit Head Van den Bergh Foods of Unilever Philippines Illc. He obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Management from Ateneo de Manila University.

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Mr. Emmanuel Ramon C. Lorenzana, 49 years old, Executive Vice President, is the Head of the Multi Media Office of the PLDT Group, which is tasked with coordinating a multi- media/multi-screen strategy for the PLDT Group. He is concurrently the President and CEO of Mediaquest and several of its subsidiaries including, among others, TV5 Network, Inc., Cignal TV, Inc., TV5 International and Media5 Marketing Corporation. From January 2012 to May 2013, he served as the Head of the Individual Business of Smart (Wireless Business) and was responsible for driving the commercial objectives and directions for the Wireless Business and establishing the Brand DNA, providing over-all directions, and creating a consumer/market-driven organization. He headed and defined the strategies for the functions of brand management, product marketing, product research and development, sales and aftersales, and strategic business support units focusing on customer experience, analytics, digital media, and all customer touchpoints including credit and payment systems. Prior to joining the PLDT Group, he was the President and Chief Operating Officer of NutriAsia Group, makers of leading food brands, since November 2008. He was the Chairman and Managing Director of Unilever Malaysia and Singapore from 2007 until October 2008 and held leadership positions in several Unilever companies including Unilever Philippines Home and Personal Care, as Managing Director from 2004 to 2007 and as Business Planning and Trade Marketing Director of Unilever Philippines from 2000 to 2001, Unilever Oral Care Category, Jakarta, Indonesia, as Vice President Asia and Africa from 2001 to 2004 and Unilever Shanghai Toothpaste Company, Shanghai, China, as Consumer and Trade Marketing Director from 1997 to 1999. Mr. Lorenzana obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of the Philippines and attended various Executive Programs at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston, Kellog School of Management in Chicago, and Ashridge Management School in London.

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Below is a list of directorships in other private and public companies of the director named below. All directoships of our other directors are included in their respective biographies in the preceding pages.


Name of Director	Names of Companies
	Public	Private

Helen Y. Dee	EEI Corporation (Regular Director) House of Investments (Regular Director/Chairman) National Reinsurance Corporation of the Philippines (Regular Director/Chairman) Petro Energy Resources Corporation (Regular Director/Chairman) Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation (Regular Director/Chairman) Seafront Resources Corporation (Regular Director/Chairman)	AY Holdings, Inc. (Regular Director) ET Yuchengco, Inc. (Regular Director) GPL Holdings, Inc. (Regular Director) Financial Brokers Insurance Agency, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) Hi-Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) Honda Cars, Kaloocan (Regular Director) Honda Cars Philippines, Inc. (Regular Director) Hydee Management & Resource Corp. (Regular Director/Chairman) iPeople, Inc (Regular Director) Isuzu Philippines, Inc. (Regular Director) La Funeraria Paz Sucat (Regular Director/Chairman) Landev Corp. (Regular Director/Chairman) Luisita Industrial Park Corporation (Regular Director) Maibarara Geothermal, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) Malayan Insurance Company (Regular Director/Chairman) Malayan High School of Science, Inc (Regular Director/Chairman) Manila Memorial Park Cemetery, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) Mapua Information Technology Center, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) MICO Equities, Inc. (Regular Director) Mijo Holdings, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) Moira Management, Inc. (Regular Director) Pan Malayan Express (Regular Director) Pan Malayan Management and Investment Corporation (Regular Director/Vice Chairman) Pan Malayan Realty Corp. (Regular Director/Chairman) Petro Green Energy Corporation(Regular Director/Chairman) Petrowind Energy, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) Philippine Integrated Advertising Agency, Inc. (Regular Director) RCBC Forex Brokers Corp (Regular Director) RCBC Leasing & Finance Corp (Regular Director/Chairman) RCBC Realty Corporation (Regular Director) RCBC Savings Bank (Regular Director/Chairman] Sunlife Grepa Financial, Inc. (Regular Director) Tameena Resources, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) West Spring Development Corp. (Regular Director/Vice Chairman) Xamdu Motors, Inc. (Regular Director/Chairman) YGC Corporate Services, Inc. (Regular Director) Y Realty, Inc. (Regular Director)

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Terms of Office

The directors of PLDT are elected each year to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified, except in case of death, resignation, disqualification or removal from office. The term of office of all officers is coterminous with that of the board of directors that elected or appointed them.

Family Relationships

None of the directors/independent directors and officers of PLDT or persons nominated to such positions has any family relationships up to the fourth civil degree either by consanguinity or affinity, except Mr. James L. Go and Ms. Anabelle L. Chua who are relatives to the fourth civil degree by consanguinity.

Compensation of Key Management Personnel

The aggregate compensation paid to our key officers and directors named above, as a group, for 2014 amounted to approximately Php379 million.

The following table below sets forth the aggregate amount of compensation paid in 2014 and 2013 and estimated amount of compensation expected to be paid in 2015 to: (1) the President and CEO, Napoleon L. Nazareno and four most highly compensated officers of PLDT, as a group, namely, Anabelle L. Chua, Ernesto R. Alberto, Isaias P. Fermin and Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan; and (2) all other key officers, other officers and directors, as a group.


	2015		2014		2013
	Estimate		Actual
	(in millions)

President and CEO⁽¹⁾ and four most highly compensated key officers:
Salary⁽²⁾	Php	78	Php	73	Php	60
Bonus⁽³⁾		17		15		14
Other compensation⁽⁴⁾		36		64		59

	Php	131	Php	152	Php	133


All other key officers, other officers and directors as a group
(excluding the President and CEO and four most highly compensated key officers):
Salary⁽²⁾	Php	274	Php	257	Php	247
Bonus⁽³⁾		71		65		62
Other compensation⁽⁴⁾		176		237		327

	Php	521	Php	559	Php	636

⁽¹⁾

The President and CEO receives compensation from Smart but not from PLDT.

⁽²⁾

Basic monthly salary.

⁽³⁾

Includes longevity pay, mid-year bonus, 13^th month and Christmas bonus.

⁽⁴⁾

Includes variable pay and other payments. Variable pay is based on an annual incentive system that encourages and rewards both the individual and group team performance and is tied to the achievement of Corporate/Unit/Customer Satisfaction Objectives. It covers regular officers and executives of PLDT and is based on a percentage of their guaranteed annual cash compensation. See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions – Compensation of Key Officers of the PLDT Group to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

Each of the directors of the Company is entitled to a director’s fee of Php250 thousand for each meeting of the Board of Directors attended. In addition, the directors who serve in the committees of the Board of Directors, namely, the Audit, Governance and Nomination, Executive Compensation and Technology Strategy Committees, are each entitled to a fee of Php125 thousand for each committee meeting attended.

168

On September 30, 2014, the Board of Directors of PLDT approved an increase in directors’ board meeting attendance fees to Php250 thousand, payable to each director from Php200 thousand and board committee meeting attendance fees to Php125 thousand from Php75 thousand. The attendance fee increase was made to take effect retroactively from January 2014. The attendance fees for directors were last adjusted on January 27, 2009. The ECC recommended the increase taking into consideration the results of the 2012 survey on Board remuneration conducted by Towers Watson, which showed that PLDT’s directors’ remuneration, consisting only of fees for meeting attendance, is no longer competitive with the market.

Except for the fees mentioned above, the directors are not compensated, directly or indirectly, for their services as such directors. The aggregate amount of per diems paid to the directors for their attendance in Board and Board Committee meetings is included in other compensation in the above table. The total amount of per diems paid in 2014 and 2013 were approximately Php45 million and Php32 million, respectively. The total amount of per diems estimated to be paid in 2015 is approximately Php50 million.

There are no agreements between PLDT Group and any of its key management personnel providing for benefits upon termination of employment, except for such benefits to which they may be entitled under PLDT Group’s retirement and incentive plans.

Long-term Incentive Plan

Our LTIP is a cash plan that is intended to provide meaningful, contingent, financial incentive compensation for eligible executives, officers and advisors of the PLDT Group, who are consistent performers and contributors to the achievement of the long-term strategic plans and objectives, as well as the functional strategy and goals of the PLDT Group, and administered by the ECC which has the authority to determine the following: (a) eligibility and identity of participants; (b) the award attributable to each participant based on the participant’s annual base compensation and taking into account such participant’s seniority, responsibility level, performance potential, tenure with the PLDT Group, job difficulty and such other measures as the Committee deems appropriate; (c) the level of achievement of the performance objectives; and (d) the actual award payable to each participant based on the level of achievement of the performance objectives.

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To ensure the proper execution of our strategic and operational business plans while taking into account the acquisition of Digitel in 2011 and other recent market developments, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP, covering the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014, was approved by the Board of Directors with the endorsement of the ECC on March 22, 2012. The awards in the 2012 to 2014 LTIP are contingent upon the successful achievement of certain profit targets, intended to align the execution of the business strategies of the expanded Group, including Digitel, over the three-year period from 2012 to 2014. In addition, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP allows for the participation of a number of senior executives and certain newly hired executives and ensures the continuity of management in line with the succession planning of the PLDT Group. LTIP costs recognized for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 amounted to Php168 million and Php1,638 million, respectively. Total outstanding liability and fair value of the 2012 to 2014 LTIP amounted to Php3,297 million and Php3,129 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The LTIP liability as at December 31, 2014 was paid on March 10, 2015.

There are no other warrants or options held by PLDT’s officers or directors either singly or collectively.

See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions, Note 5 – Income and Expenses, Note 24 – Accrued and Other Current Liabilities and Note 26 – Employee Benefits to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for related discussion.

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Share Ownership

The following table sets forth information regarding ownership of our common stock, as at January 31, 2015 by our continuing directors, key officers and advisors. Each individual below owns less than 1% of our outstanding common shares.


Name of Owner	Shares of Common Stock			Percentage of Class

Manuel V. Pangilinan		245,450	⁽¹⁾		0.113605
Napoleon L. Nazareno		20,299	⁽¹⁾		0.009395
Helen Y. Dee		1,178	⁽²⁾		0.000545
Ray C. Espinosa		15,743	⁽¹⁾		0.007287
James L. Go		134,914	⁽¹⁾		0.062444
Setsuya Kimura		1			—
Artemio V. Panganiban		1,771			0.000820
Hideaki Ozaki		1			—
Pedro E. Roxas		231	⁽³⁾		0.000107
Juan B. Santos		2			0.000001
Alfred V. Ty		1			—
Tony Tan Caktiong		1			—
Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan		699	⁽¹⁾		0.000324
Ernesto R. Alberto		—			—
Rene G. Bañez		1			—
Anabelle L. Chua		12,028	⁽¹⁾		0.005567
Jun R. Florencio		515	⁽¹⁾		0.000238
Menardo G. Jimenez, Jr.		22			0.000010
Isaias P. Fermin		—			—
Alejandro O. Caeg		200	⁽¹⁾		0.000093
June Cheryl A. Cabal-Revilla		—			—
Christopher H. Young		54,313	⁽¹⁾		0.025138

⁽¹⁾

Includes PLDT common shares that have been lodged with the Philippine Depository and Trust Co., or PDTC.

⁽²⁾

Also includes 835 shares thru RCBC Trust for the account of Michelle Y. Dee-Santos and 245 shares under the name of Helen Y. Dee both thru PCD Nominee Corporation.

⁽³⁾

Includes 210 shares which were bought by a Trust controlled by Mr. Pedro E. Roxas for his children.

The aggregate number of shares of common stock directly and indirectly owned by directors, executive officers and advisors listed above, as at January 31, 2015, was 487,370, or approximately 0.225576% of PLDT’s outstanding shares of common stock.

On January 28, 2014, the Board of Directors approved the redemption of all outstanding shares of PLDT’s 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock Series HH which were issued in 2008 effective May 16, 2014.

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Board Practices

Board of Directors – Independent Directors

At least three of our directors, namely, Artemio V. Panganiban, Pedro E. Roxas and Alfred V. Ty, are independent directors who are neither officers nor employees of PLDT or any of its subsidiaries, and who are free from any business or other relationship with PLDT or any of its subsidiaries which could, or could reasonably be perceived to, materially interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out their responsibilities as independent directors. The independence standards/criteria are provided in our By-Laws and CG Manual pursuant to which, in general, a director may not be deemed independent if such director is, or in the past five years had been, employed in an executive capacity by us or any company controlling, controlled by or under common control with us or he is, or within the past five years had been, retained as a professional adviser by us or any of our related companies, or he is not free from any business or other relationships with us which could, or could reasonably be perceived, to materially interfere with his exercise of independent judgment in carrying out his responsibilities as a director.

Audit, Governance and Nomination, Executive Compensation and Technology Strategy Committees

Our Board of Directors is authorized under the By-Laws to create committees, as it may deem necessary. We currently have four Board committees, namely, the Audit, Governance and Nomination, Executive Compensation and Technology Strategy Committees, the purpose of which is to assist our Board of Directors. Each of these committees has a Board-approved written charter that provides for such committee’s composition, membership qualifications, functions and responsibilities, conduct of meetings, and reporting procedure to the Board of Directors.

Audit Committee

Our Audit Committee is composed of three members, all of whom are independent directors. As at March 26, 2015, the Audit Committee members are former Supreme Court Chief Justice Artemio V. Panganiban, Mr. Pedro E. Roxas and Mr. Alfred V. Ty. Mr. Setsuya Kimura and Mr. James L. Go, non-independent members of our Board of Directors, Mr. Roberto R. Romulo, a member of our Advisory Board/Committee, and Ms. Corazon de la Paz-Bernardo, a former member of our Board of Directors, serve as advisors to the Audit Committee. All of the members of our Audit Committee are financially literate and Ms. Corazon S. de la Paz-Bernardo has expertise in accounting and financial management. She was a former Chairman and Senior Partner of Joaquin Cunanan & Company, now Isla Lipana & Co., a member firm of Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PwC).

As provided for in our Audit Committee charter, any member of the audit committee may cause the Audit Committee advisor to be excluded from the committee’s meetings, as such member deems appropriate in order for the committee to carry out its responsibilities, until the committee has completed discussion of the topic for which the member requested the Audit Committee advisor to be excluded or until such member has withdrawn his request.

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As provided for in the Audit Committee charter, the purpose of the Audit Committee is to assist our Board of Directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibility for: (i) PLDT’s accounting and financial reporting principles and policies, and system of internal controls, including the integrity of PLDT’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (ii) PLDT’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; (iii) PLDT’s assessment and management of enterprise risks including credit, market, liquidity, operational and legal risks; and (iv) the performance of the internal audit organization and the external auditors.

To carry its direct responsibility for the appointment, setting of compensation, retention and removal of the external auditors, the Audit Committee has the following duties and powers:

•

review and evaluate the qualifications, performance and independence of the external auditors and its lead partner;

•

select and appoint the external auditors and to remove or replace the external auditors;

•

review and approve in consultation with the head of the internal audit organization and the head of the finance organization all audit and non-audit services to be performed by the external auditors and the fees to be paid to the external auditors for such services, and to ensure disclosure of any allowed non-audit services in PLDT’s annual report;

•

periodically review fees for non-audit services paid to the external auditors and disallow non-audit services that will conflict with the external auditor’s duties to PLDT or pose a threat to the external auditor’s independence;

•

ensure that the external auditors prepare and deliver annually a statement as to their independence, discuss with the external auditors any relationships or services disclosed in such Statement that may impact the objectivity, independence or quality of services of said external auditors and take appropriate action in response to such statement to satisfy itself of the external auditor’s independence;

•

review the external auditor’s internal quality-control procedures based on the external auditors’ Statement submitted at least annually, any material issues raised by recent internal quality-control review or peer review of the external auditor, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities within the preceding five years, regarding one or more independent audits carried out by the external auditor and steps taken to deal with any such issues;

•

ensure that the external auditors or the lead partner of the external auditors having the primary responsibility for the audit of PLDT’s accounts is rotated at least once every five years or such shorter or longer period provided under applicable laws and regulations;

•

advise the external auditors that they are expected to provide the committee a timely analysis of significant/critical financial reporting issues and practices;

173

•

obtain assurance from the external auditors that the audit was conducted in a manner consistent with the requirement under applicable rules; and

•

resolve disagreements between management and the external auditors regarding financial reporting.

The Audit Committee has the authority to retain or obtain advice from special counsel or other experts or consultants in the discharge of their responsibilities without the need for board approval.

Audit Committee Report

Further to our compliance with applicable corporate governance laws and rules, our Audit Committee confirmed in its report for 2014 that:

•

Each voting member of the Audit Committee is an independent director as determined by the Board of Directors;

•

The Audit Committee had eight regular meetings and two special meetings during the year;

•

The Audit Committee has reviewed and approved for retention the existing Audit Committee charter until the next review in 2015;

•

Based on a review of SGV’s performance and qualifications, including consideration of management’s recommendation, the Audit Committee approved the appointment of SGV as the PLDT Group’s independent auditors;

•

The Audit Committee likewise discussed with PLDT’s internal audit group and independent auditors, SGV, the overall scope and plans for their respective audits, and the results of their examinations, their evaluations of PLDT Group’s internal controls and the overall quality of the PLDT Group’s financial reporting;

•

The Audit Committee has reviewed and approved all audit and non-audit services provided by SGV to the PLDT Group, and the related fees for such services, and concluded that the non-audit fees are not significant to impair their independence;

•

The Audit Committee has discussed with SGV the matters required to be discussed by the prevailing applicable Auditing Standard, and has received written disclosures and the letter from SGV as required by the prevailing applicable independence standards (statement as to independence) and has discussed with SGV its independence from the PLDT Group and the PLDT Group’s management;

•

The Audit Committee has discussed with the PLDT’s Group Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Officer the PLDT Group top risks for 2014 and has received periodic status reports on PLDT Group’s ERM activities;

174

•

In the performance of its oversight responsibilities, the Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed the audited consolidated financial statements of the PLDT Group as at and for the year ended December 31, 2014 with the PLDT Group’s management, which has the primary responsibility for the financial statements, and with SGV, the PLDT Group’s independent auditors, who are responsible for expressing an opinion on the conformity of the PLDT Group’s audited consolidated financial statements with IFRS; and

•

Based on the reviews and discussions referred to above, in reliance on the PLDT Group’s management and SGV and subject to the limitations of the Audit Committee’s role, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors and the Board has approved, the inclusion of the PLDT Group’s consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended December 31, 2014 in the PLDT Group’s annual report to the stockholders and to the Philippine SEC on Form 17-A and U.S. SEC on Form 20-F.

Governance and Nomination Committee

Our GNC is composed of five voting members, all of whom are regular members of our Board of Directors and two non-voting members. Three of the voting members are independent directors namely, former Chief Justice Artemio V. Panganiban, Mr. Pedro E. Roxas and Mr. Alfred V. Ty. Two are non-independent directors namely, Mr. Setsuya Kimura and Mr. Manuel V. Pangilinan who is the chairman of this committee. Mr. Menardo G. Jimenez, Jr. and Atty. Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan are the non-voting members.

The principal functions and responsibilities of our GNC are to:

Oversee the development and implementation of corporate governance principles and policies;

Review and evaluate the qualifications of the persons nominated to the Board as well as those nominated to other positions requiring appointment by the Board;

Identify persons believed to be qualified to become members of the Board and/or the Board committees;

Assist the Board in making an assessment of the Board’s effectiveness in the process of replacing or appointing new members of the Board and/or Board committees; and

Assist the Board in developing and implementing the Board’s performance evaluation process.

175

Executive Compensation Committee

Our ECC is composed of five voting members, all of whom are regular members of our Board of Directors, and one non-voting member. Three of the voting members are independent directors, namely former Chief Justice Artemio V. Panganiban, Mr. Pedro E. Roxas and Mr. Alfred V. Ty, and two are non-independent directors, namely, Mr. Setsuya Kimura and Mr. Manuel V. Pangilinan, who is chairman of this committee. Mr. Menardo G. Jimenez, Jr. is the non-voting member.

The principal functions and responsibilities of our ECC are to:

Provide guidance to and assist the Board in developing a compensation philosophy or policy consistent with the culture, strategy and control environment of PLDT;

Oversee the development and administration of PLDT’s executive compensation programs, including long term incentive plans and equity based plans for officers and executives; and

Assist the Board in the performance evaluation of and succession planning for officers, including the CEO, and in overseeing the development and implementation of professional development programs for officers.

Technology Strategy Committee

Our TSC is composed of five voting members and two non-voting members. The five voting members are non-independent directors Mr. Manuel V. Pangilinan, who serves as chairman, Mr. Napoleon L. Nazareno, Atty. Ray C. Espinosa, Mr. James L. Go, and Mr. Setsuya Kimura, and the two non-voting members are Mr. Oscar S. Reyes and Mr. Orlando B. Vea who are members of our Advisory Board/Committee.

The principal functions and responsibilities of our TSC are to assist and enable the Board to:

Review and approve the strategic vision for the role of technology in PLDT’s overall business strategy, including the technology strategy and roadmap of PLDT;

Fulfill its oversight responsibilities for PLDT’s effective execution of its technology related strategies; and

Ensure the optimized use and contribution of technology to PLDT’s business and strategic objectives and growth targets.

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Advisory Committee

Our Advisory Board/Committee is composed of Mr. Roberto R. Romulo, Mr. Benny S. Santoso, Mr. Orlando B. Vea, Mr. Christopher H. Young, Mr. Oscar S. Reyes and Mr. Washington Z. Sycip. The Advisory Board/Committee provides guidance and suggestions, as necessary, on matters deliberated upon during Board meetings.

Directors’ and Officers’ Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

The Company is not aware, and none of the directors/independent directors and officers or persons nominated for election to such positions has informed the Company, of any of the following events that occurred during the past five years:

(a)

any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which a director/independent director or officer or person nominated for election as a director/independent director or officer was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time;

(b)

any conviction by final judgment in a criminal proceeding, domestic or foreign, or any criminal proceeding, domestic or foreign, pending against any director/independent director or officer or person nominated for election as a director/independent director or officer, except as noted below;

(c)

any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting the involvement of any director/independent director or officer or person nominated for election as a director/independent director or officer in any type of business, securities, commodities or banking activities; or

(d)

any finding by a domestic or foreign court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the Philippine SEC or comparable foreign body, or a domestic or foreign exchange or electronic marketplace or self-regulatory organization, that any director/independent director or officer or person nominated for election as a director/independent director or officer, has violated a securities or commodities law or regulation, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated.

The following is a description of a complaint in which our director and President and CEO, Mr. Napoleon L. Nazareno and our director and Corporate Secretary, Atty. Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan are respondents:

Mr. Napoleon L. Nazareno and Atty. Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan, in their respective capacities as director and corporate secretary of Steniel Cavite Packaging Corporation, are impleaded as private respondents in a Supplemental Complaint docketed as OMB C-C-05-0473-1, filed by the Field Investigation of the Office of the Ombudsman, or OMB, before the OMB.

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The Supplemental Complaint dated April 16, 2012 is for the alleged commission of: (a) violation of Section 3(e) of R. A. No. 3019 (otherwise known as the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act); and (b) estafa through falsification of public documents in relation to Article 171 and Article 172 of the Revised Penal Code. The case relates to the alleged illegal and fraudulent acquisition by Mannequin International Corporation of several tax credit certificates (TCCs) from the One Stop Shop Inter Agency Tax Credit and Duty Drawback Center purportedly through the use of fake and spurious documents and the subsequent transfer of said TCC’s to several transferee corporations, including Steniel Cavite Packaging Corporation.

Mr. Nazareno and Atty. Rausa-Chan have informed the Company that they each had no participation or involvement in the alleged anomalous acquisition and transfer of the subject TCCs and had accordingly filed their counter-affidavits on March 1, 2013 and March 5, 2013, respectively, seeking the dismissal of the supplemental complaint. The case is now pending resolution with the OMB.

Employees and Labor Relations

As at December 31, 2014, we had 17,496 employees within the PLDT Group, with 7,725 and 9,771 employees in our wireless and fixed line businesses, respectively. PLDT had 7,041 employees as at December 31, 2014, of which 77% were rank-and-file employees, 16% were management/supervisory staff and 7% were executives. From a peak of 20,312 employees, as at December 31, 1994, PLDT’s number of employees declined by 13,271 employees, or 65%, as at December 31, 2014 mainly due to the implementation of the MRP.

We and our business units had the following employees as at December 31 of each of the following years:

December 31,

2014

2013

2012

PLDT Group

17,496

17,899

19,125

Wireless

7,725

7,680

8,663

Fixed Line

9,771

10,219

10,462

LEC

7,466

7,415

7,546

Others

2,305

2,804

2,916

PLDT Only

7,041

6,882

6,617

The decrease in the number of employees within the PLDT Group was primarily due to the sale of iPlus in 2014 and the implementation of the MRP by Smart and DMPI in 2013.

PLDT has three employee unions, representing in the aggregate 5,877, or 34% of the employees of the PLDT Group. We consider our relationship with our rank-and-file employees’ union, our supervisors’ union and our sales supervisors’ union to be good.

On January 22, 2014, a CBA was signed by PLDT and Gabay ng Unyon sa Telekomunikasyon ng mga Superbisor, or GUTS, our supervisors’ union, covering a three-year period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016, following the completion of the negotiations between the parties and the signing of the Memorandum of Agreement on December 17, 2013. This CBA provides for increases of the monthly salary by 8.5% of basic pay or Php3,500, whichever is higher, for each of the first and second year of the CBA, and 7% of basic pay or Php3,000, whichever is higher, for the third year of the CBA; a goodwill signing and expeditious agreement bonuses of Php30,000 and Php45,000, respectively; an increase in the yearly Christmas gift certificate from Php10,000 to Php11,000; Php55,000 funeral assistance for the death of a qualified dependent; Php1 million group insurance plan; and additional contribution of Php3 million to the Educational Trust Fund. Other provisions include increases in rice subsidy, per diem allowance and hospitalization benefits for dependents, as well as new grants pertaining to prescription eyeglass subsidy and funding assistance for global warming reduction awareness program.

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On January 10, 2014, a Memorandum of Agreement on a new CBA covering a three-year period starting from January 1, 2014 was signed by PLDT and PLDT Sales Supervisors’ Union, or PSSU, which provided for salary increases for the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. This CBA provides for increases of the monthly salary 8.5% of basic pay or Php3,500, whichever is higher, for each of the first and second year of the CBA, and 7% of basic pay or Php3,000, whichever is higher, for the third year of the CBA; a one-time lump sum clothing accessory allowance of Php10,000; a goodwill signing bonus of Php30,000 and an expeditious agreement bonus of Php40,000; an increase in the yearly Christmas gift certificate from Php10,000 to Php11,000; Php55,000 funeral assistance for the death of a qualified dependent; additional contribution of Php750,000 to the Educational Trust Fund; and Php1 million group insurance plan. Other provisions included increases in rice subsidy, per diem allowance and hospitalization benefits for dependents.

On December 3, 2012, PLDT and the Manggagawa ng Komunikasyon sa Pilipinas, or MKP, our rank-and-file employees’ union, concluded and signed a new three-year CBA, covering the period from November 9, 2012 to November 8, 2015. This CBA provides each member a special bonus equivalent to one month’s salary (computed at the salary rate prevailing prior to November 9, 2012) plus Php37,000; increase of the monthly salary of Php2,700, Php2,900 and Php3,300 for the first, second and third year, respectively; an increase in the yearly Christmas gift certificate from Php9,000 to Php10,000; an increase in the amount of coverage under the group life insurance plan from Php750,000 to Php850,000; Php55,000 funeral assistance for the death of a dependent; additional contribution of Php2 million to the Educational Trust Fund; and relocation assistance of Php40,000. Other provisions of this CBA include increases in the rice subsidy, hospitalization benefits for dependents, daily per diem. New features of this CBA include prescription eyeglass subsidy and funding assistance for a joint Management-Union environmental awareness education program.

Pension and Retirement Benefits

Defined benefit pension plans

We have separate and distinct retirement plans for PLDT and majority of our Philippine-based operating subsidiaries, administered by the respective Fund’s Trustees, covering permanent employees. Retirement costs are separately determined using the projected unit credit method. This method reflects services rendered by employees to the date of valuation and incorporates assumptions concerning employees’ projected salaries.

Retirement costs comprise the following:

•

Service cost;

•

Net interest on the net defined benefit obligation or asset; and

•

Remeasurements of net defined benefit obligation or asset.

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Service cost (which includes current service costs, past service costs and gains or losses on non-routine settlements) is recognized as part of compensation and employee benefits account in the consolidated income statements.

Net interest on the net defined benefit asset or obligation is the change during the period in the net defined benefit asset or obligation that arises from the passage of time which is determined by applying the discount rate based on the government bonds to the net defined benefit liability or asset. Net deferred benefit asset is recognized as part of advances and other noncurrent assets and net defined benefit obligation is recognized as part of pension and other employee benefits in our consolidated statement of financial position.

Remeasurements comprising actuarial gains and losses, return on plan assets and any change in the effect of the asset ceiling (excluding net interest on defined benefit obligation) are recognized immediately in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. Remeasurements are not classified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

The net defined benefit asset or liability comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligation (using a discount rate based on government bonds, as explained in Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Estimating Pension Benefit Costs and Other Employee Benefits to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”), net of the fair value of plan assets out of which the obligations are to be settled directly. Plan assets are assets held by a long-term employee benefit fund or qualifying insurance policies and are not available to our creditors nor can they be paid directly to us. Fair value is based on market price information and in the case of quoted securities, the published bid price. The value of any defined benefit asset recognized is restricted to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in the future contributions to the plan. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Defined Benefit Pension Plans to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for more details.

Defined contribution plans

Smart and certain of its subsidiaries maintain a defined contribution plan that covers all regular full-time employees under which it pays fixed contributions based on the employees’ monthly salaries. Smart and certain of its subsidiaries, however, are covered under R.A. 7641 otherwise known as “The Philippine Retirement Law”, which provides for its qualified employees a defined benefit minimum guarantee. The defined benefit minimum guarantee is equivalent to a certain percentage of the monthly salary payable to an employee at normal retirement age with the required credited years of service based on the provisions of R.A. 7641.

Accordingly, Smart and certain of its subsidiaries account for their retirement obligation under the higher of the defined benefit obligation related to the minimum guarantee and the obligation arising from the defined contribution plan.

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For the defined benefit minimum guarantee plan, the liability is determined based on the present value of the excess of the projected defined benefit obligation over the projected defined contribution obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by a qualified independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. Smart and certain of its subsidiaries determine the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense and other expenses related to the defined benefit plan are recognized in profit or loss.

The defined contribution liability, on the other hand, is measured at the fair value of the defined contribution assets upon which the defined contribution benefits depend, with an adjustment for margin on asset returns, if any, where this is reflected in the defined contribution benefits.

Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling (if any, excluding interest), are recognized immediately in other comprehensive income.

When the benefits of the plan are changed or when the plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in profit or loss. Gains or losses on the settlement of the defined benefit plan are recognized when the settlement occurs. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Defined Contribution Plans to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for more details.

Item 7.

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

The following table sets forth information regarding ownership of shares of PLDT’s voting stocks (common and voting preferred stocks) as at January 31, 2015, of all shareholders known to us to beneficially own 5% or more of PLDT’s shares of voting stocks, or, collectively, our Major Shareholders. All shares of PLDT’s voting stocks have one vote per share. Our Major Shareholders do not have voting rights that are different from other holders of shares of PLDT’s voting stocks.


Shareholder	Common Shares			Percentage of Common Shares (%)		Voting Preferred Shares		Percentage of Voting Preferred Shares (%)		Percentage of Voting Securities (%)
1. First Pacific Company Limited’s affiliates		55,244,642	⁽¹⁾		25.6		—		—		15.1
a. Philippine Telecommunications Investment Corporation		26,034,263			12.0		—		—		7.1
b. Metro Pacific Resources, Inc.		21,556,676			10.0		—		—		5.9
2. Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation’s affiliates		43,963,642	⁽²⁾		20.3		—		—		12.0
a. NTT Communications Corporation		12,633,487			5.8		—		—		3.5
b. NTT DOCOMO, Inc.		31,330,155	⁽³⁾		14.5		—		—		8.6
3. JG Summit Holdings, Inc. and its affiliates		17,305,625	⁽⁴⁾		8.0		—		—		4.7
4. Deutsche Bank AG Manila Branch – Clients A/C		19,364,044	⁽⁵⁾		9.0		—		—		5.3
5. The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited – Clients’ Acct.		19,727,835	⁽⁵⁾		9.1		—		—		5.4
6. BTF Holdings, Inc.⁽⁶⁾		—			—		150,000,000		100		41.0

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⁽¹⁾

Includes (a) 26,034,263 shares of common stock held by PTIC, a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific, (b) 21,556,676 shares of common stock held by MPRI, a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and (c) 7,653,703 ADRs held by a non-Philippine wholly-owned subsidiary of First Pacific.

⁽²⁾

Includes (a) 22,796,902 shares of common stock held by NTT DOCOMO, Inc., a Japanese corporation which is a majority-owned and publicly traded subsidiary of NTT, (b) 8,533,253 ADRs held by NTT DOCOMO, Inc. and (c) 12,633,487 shares of common stock held by NTT Communications, a Japanese corporation which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of NTT.

⁽³⁾

Includes 8,533,253 ADRs held by NTT DOCOMO.

⁽⁴⁾

Includes (a) 17,208,753 shares of common stock beneficially owned by JG Summit Holdings, Inc., (b) 86,723 shares of common stock beneficially owned by Express Holdings, Inc., (c) 10,148 shares of common stock beneficially owned by Ms. Elizabeth Yu Gokongwei and (d) 1 share of common stock beneficially owned by Mr. James L. Go, all held on record by PCD Nominee Corporation.

⁽⁵⁾

Represents shares held on behalf of clients. PLDT has no knowledge if any client beneficial owners of common shares held 5% or more of PLDT’s outstanding shares of common stock as at January 31, 2015.

⁽⁶⁾

A wholly-owned company of the Board of Trustees for the Account of the Beneficial Trust Fund created pursuant to the Benefit Plan of PLDT Co. or PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund.

As at January 31, 2015, approximately 67.85% of the outstanding voting stocks and 82.33% of the outstanding capital stock of PLDT were owned by Philippine persons.

The First Pacific and certain Philippine affiliates and wholly-owned non-Philippine subsidiary, or FP Parties, had beneficial ownership of approximately 26% of our outstanding common stock and 15% of outstanding voting stocks as at January 31, 2015. As at January 31, 2015, NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO together beneficially owned approximately 20% of our outstanding common stock and 12% of our outstanding voting stocks. BTFHI had beneficial ownership of 41% of our outstanding voting stocks. As a result of their respective stockholdings, the FP Parties and/or NTT Communications and/or NTT DOCOMO and/or BTFHI are able to influence our actions and corporate governance, including (i) elections of our directors; and (ii) approval of major corporate actions, which require the vote of holders of common and voting preferred stocks.

Additionally, First Pacific and certain of its affiliates, or the FP Parties, NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO and PLDT entered into a Cooperation Agreement, dated January 31, 2006, pursuant to which, among other things, certain rights of NTT Communications under the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement dated September 28, 1999, or the Strategic Agreement, and the Shareholders Agreement dated March 24, 2000, or the Shareholders Agreement, were extended to NTT DOCOMO. As a result of the Cooperation Agreement, NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO, in coordination with each other, have contractual rights relating to a number of major decisions and transactions that PLDT could make or enter into.

Specifically, the Company may not take any of the following actions described without the approval of NTT DOCOMO and NTT Communications, acting in coordination with each other (however, NTT DOCOMO and NTT Communications may not withhold their consent to such actions in circumstances where the Company proposes to invest in a business that competes with Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation and its subsidiaries and where the board of directors of the Company has. among other things, approved the transaction):

•

capital expenditures in excess of US$50 million;

•

any investments, if the aggregate amount of all investments for the previous 12 months is greater than US$25 million in the case of all investments to any existing investees and US$100 million in the case of all investments to any new or existing investees, determined on a rolling monthly basis; and

•

any investments in a specific investee, if the cumulative value of all investments made by us in that investee is greater than US$10 million in the case of an existing investee and US$50 million in the case of a new investee.

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The Company also may not issue common stock or stock that is convertible into common stock except where NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO have first been offered the opportunity to purchase their pro rata portion of the Company’s shares of common stock.

The Company is also aware that each of NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO has agreed (pursuant to the Shareholders Agreement in the case of NTT Communications and pursuant to the Cooperation Agreement in the case of NTT DOCOMO) to use its best efforts to procure that the Company not take the following actions without the consent of First Pacific and certain of its affiliates, as well as other parties bound by the provisions of the Shareholders Agreement:

•

new business activities other than those we currently engage in;

•

merger or consolidation;

•

winding up or liquidation of the Company; and

•

applying to a court to order a meeting of creditors or to sanction any compromise or arrangement between creditors and shareholders of the Company.

As the Company is not a party to the Shareholders Agreement, these contractual rights held by NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO, First Pacific and certain of First Pacific’s affiliates are not directly enforceable against the Company.

Pursuant to amendments effected by the Cooperation Agreement to the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement and the Shareholders Agreement, upon NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO and their respective subsidiaries owning in the aggregate 20% or more of PLDT’s shares of common stock and for as long as they continue to own in the aggregate at least 17.5% of PLDT’s shares of common stock then outstanding, NTT DOCOMO has additional rights under the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement and Shareholders Agreement, including that:

•

NTT DOCOMO is entitled to nominate one additional NTT DOCOMO nominee to the board of directors of each of PLDT and Smart;

•

PLDT must consult NTT DOCOMO no later than 30 days prior to the first submission to the board of PLDT or certain of its committees of any proposal of investment in an entity that would primarily engage in a business that would be in direct competition or substantially the same business opportunities, customer base, products or services with business carried on by NTT DOCOMO, or which NTT DOCOMO has announced publicly an intention to carry on;

•

PLDT must procure that Smart does not cease to carry on its business, dispose of all of its assets, issue common shares, merge or consolidate, or effect winding up or liquidation without PLDT first consulting with NTT DOCOMO no later than 30 days prior to the first submission to the board of PLDT or Smart, or certain of its committees; and

•

PLDT must first consult with NTT DOCOMO no later than 30 days prior to the first submission to the board of PLDT or certain of its committees for the approval of any transfer of Smart’s common capital stock by any member of the PLDT Group to any person who is not a member of the PLDT Group.

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Related Party Transactions

PLDT, in the ordinary course of business, engages in transactions with stockholders, its subsidiaries and affiliates, and directors and officers and their close family members. For PLDT’s Guidelines on the Proper Handling of Related Party Transactions, please refer to:

http://pldt.com/docs/default-source/policies/pldt-code-of-business-conduct-and-ethics.pdf?sfvrsn=4

This website does not form part of this annual report on Form 20-F.

Except for the transactions discussed in Item 4. “Information on the Company – Development Activities (2012-2014)”, Note 19 – Prepayments and Note 25 – Related Party Transactions to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”, there were no other material related party transactions during the last three financial years, nor are there any material transactions currently proposed between PLDT and any: (i) director, officer, direct or indirect owner of 10% or more of the outstanding shares in PLDT; (ii) close family member of such director, officer or owner; (iii) associates of PLDT; (iv) enterprises controlling, controlled by or under common control with PLDT; or (v) enterprises in which a substantial interest in the voting power is owned, directly or indirectly, by any director, officer or owner of 10% or more of the outstanding shares in PLDT or any close family member of such director, key officer or owner, or collectively, the Related Parties.

Item 8.

Financial Information

Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information

See “Item 18 – Financial Statements.”

Legal Proceedings

Except as disclosed in the following paragraphs, neither PLDT nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to, and none of their respective properties is subject to, any pending legal proceedings that PLDT considers to be potentially material to its and its subsidiaries’ business.

Matters Relating to Gamboa Case and the recent Jose M. Roy III Petition

On June 29, 2011, the Supreme Court of the Philippines, or the Court, promulgated a Decision in the case of Wilson P. Gamboa vs. Finance Secretary Margarito B. Teves, et. al. (G.R. No. 176579) (the “Gamboa Case”), holding that “the term ‘capital’ in Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution refers only to shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors and thus only to voting common shares, and not to the total outstanding capital stock (common and non- voting preferred shares)”. This decision reversed earlier opinions issued by the Philippine SEC that non-voting preferred shares are included in the computation of the 60%-40% Filipino-alien equity requirement of certain economic activities, such as telecommunications (which is a public utility under Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution).

184

Although PLDT is not a party to the Gamboa Case, in its decision, the Court directed the Philippine SEC “to apply this definition of the term ‘capital’ in determining the extent of allowable foreign ownership in PLDT, and if there is a violation of Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution, to impose the appropriate sanctions under the law.” Although the parties to the Gamboa Case filed Motions for Reconsideration of the decision and argued their positions before the Court, the Court ultimately denied the motions on October 9, 2012.

Meanwhile, on July 5, 2011, the Board of Directors of PLDT approved the amendments to the Seventh Article of Amended Articles of Incorporation of PLDT, or the Amendments to the Articles, which subclassified its authorized preferred capital into preferred shares with full voting rights, or Voting Preferred Shares, and serial preferred shares without voting rights. The Amendments to the Articles were subsequently approved by the stockholders of PLDT and the Philippine SEC.

On October 15, 2012, PLDT and BTFHI, a Filipino corporation and wholly-owned company of The Board of Trustees for the Account of the Beneficial Trust Fund created pursuant to the Benefit Plan of PLDT Company, or the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, entered into a Subscription Agreement, pursuant to which PLDT issued 150 million Voting Preferred Shares to BTFHI at Php1.00 per share, reducing the percentage of PLDT’s voting stock held by foreigners from 56.62% (based on voting Common Stock) as at October 15, 2012 to 18.37% (based on Voting Common and Preferred stock) as at April 15, 2013.

On May 20, 2013, the Philippine SEC issued SEC Memorandum Circular No. 8, Series of 2013, or the Philippine SEC Guidelines, which we believe was intended to fulfil the Court’s directive to the Philippine SEC in the Gamboa Case. The Philippine SEC Guidelines provide that “the required percentage of Filipino ownership shall be applied to BOTH: (a) the total number of outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors; AND (b) the total number of outstanding shares of stock, whether or not entitled to vote in the election of directors.” PLDT believes it was, and continues to be, compliant with the Philippine SEC Guidelines. As at end of December 31, 2014, PLDT’s foreign ownership was 32.13% of its outstanding shares entitled to vote (Common and Voting Preferred Shares), and 17.66% of its total outstanding capital stock. Therefore, we believe that as of the date of this report, PLDT is in compliance with the requirement of Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution. See Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies – Matters Relating to the Gamboa Case and the recent Jose M. Roy III Petition to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 7. “Financial Statements” for further discussion.

On June 10, 2013, Jose M. Roy III filed a petition for certiorari with the Supreme Court against the Philippine SEC, Philippine SEC Chairperson Teresita Herbosa and PLDT, claiming: (1) that the Philippine SEC Guidelines violates the Court’s decision in the Gamboa Case (on the basis that (a) the 60-40 ownership requirement be imposed on “each class of shares” and (b) Filipinos must have full beneficial ownership of 60% of the outstanding capital stock of corporations subject to the foreign ownership requirements); and (2) that the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund is not a Filipino-owned entity and consequently, the corporations owned by PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, including BTFHI, cannot be considered Filipino-owned corporations.

185

PLDT raised several procedural and substantive arguments against the petition, including in particular, that (a) the Philippine SEC Guidelines merely implemented the dispositive portion of the decision in the Gamboa Case, and that the dispositive portion of the Gamboa Case that defines “capital” is properly reflected in the Philippine SEC Guidelines, and (b) the fundamental requirements which need to be satisfied in order for PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund F and BTFHI to be considered Filipino (for PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund’s Trustees to be Filipinos and for 60% of the Fund to accrue to the benefit of Philippine nationals ) are satisfied with respect to the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, and therefore, PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund and BTFHI are Filipino shareholders for purposes of classifying their 150 million Voting Preferred Shares in PLDT. As a result, more than 60% of PLDT’s total voting stock is Filipino-owned and PLDT is compliant with the Constitutional ownership requirements.

In October 2013, the Philippine SEC and Chairperson Teresita Herbosa also raised a number of arguments for dismissal of the petition for being procedurally flawed and for lack of merit.

In May 2014, the petitioner filed a consolidated reply and a motion for the issuance of a temporary restraining order to prevent PLDT from holding its 2014 annual stockholders meeting. The temporary restraining order was denied and PLDT held its 2014 annual meeting on June 10, 2014 as scheduled.

On February 10, 2015, PLDT filed a consolidated memorandum setting forth its arguments against the petition.

As at March 26, 2015, the resolution of the petition remains pending with the Supreme Court.

Taxation

Local Business and Franchise Taxes

PLDT, Smart, PCEV and Digitel currently face various local business and franchise tax assessments by different local government units.

PLDT, Smart, PCEV and Digitel believe that under Philippine laws then prevailing, they are exempt from payment of local franchise and business taxes to local government units and are contesting the assessment of these taxes in some of these cases.

Arbitration with Eastern Telecommunications Philippines, Inc., or ETPI

Since 1990, PLDT and ETPI have been engaged in legal proceedings involving a number of issues in connection with their business relationship. While they have entered into Compromise Agreements in the past (one in February 1990, and another one in March 1999), these agreements have not put to rest their issues against each other. Accordingly, to avoid further protracted litigation and improve their business relationship, both PLDT and ETPI have agreed in April 2008 to submit their differences and issues to voluntary arbitration. For this arbitration (after collating various claims of one party against the other) ETPI, on one hand, initially submitted its claims of about Php2.9 billion against PLDT; while PLDT, on the other hand, submitted its claims of about Php2.8 billion against ETPI. Pursuant to an agreement between PLDT and ETPI, the arbitration proceedings have been suspended.

For more information, see Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Dividend Distribution Policy

See Item 3. “Key Information – Dividends Declared” for a description of our dividend distribution policy, and Note 20 – Equity to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for tables that show dividends declared in 2013.

186

Item 9.

The Offer and Listing

Common Capital Stock and ADSs

The shares of common stock of PLDT are listed and traded on the PSE and, prior to October 19, 1994, were listed and traded on the American Stock Exchange and Pacific Exchange in the United States. On October 19, 1994, an ADR facility was established, pursuant to which Citibank, N.A., as the depositary, issued ADRs evidencing ADSs with each ADS representing one PLDT common share with a par value of Php5.00 per share. Effective February 10, 2003, PLDT appointed JP Morgan Chase Bank as successor depositary of PLDT’s ADR facility. The ADSs are listed on the NYSE and are traded on the NYSE under the symbol of “PHI”.

The public ownership level of PLDT common shares listed on the PSE as at January 31, 2015 is 53.86%.

On November 9, 2011, the PSE approved the listing of the additional 27.7 million common shares of PLDT, which were issued on October 26, 2011 at the issue price of Php2,500.00 per share, as consideration for the acquisition by PLDT of the Enterprise Assets of Digitel.

On January 27, 2012, a total of 1.61 million PLDT common shares were issued for settlement of the purchase price of 2,518 million common shares of Digitel tendered by the noncontrolling Digitel stockholders under the mandatory tender offer conducted by PLDT, and which opted to receive payment of the purchase price in the form of PLDT common shares.

As at January 31, 2015, 10,372 stockholders were Philippine persons and held approximately 45.53% of PLDT’s common capital stock. In addition, as at January 31, 2015, there were a total of approximately 43 million ADSs outstanding, substantially all of which PLDT believes were held in the United States by 295 holders.

For the period from January 1 to 31, 2015, a total of 3.1 million shares of PLDT’s common capital stock were traded on the PSE. During the same period, the volume of trading was 1.3 million ADSs on the NYSE.

High and low sales prices for PLDT’s common shares on the PSE and ADSs on the NYSE for each of the five most recent fiscal years, each full quarterly period during the two most recent fiscal years, and each month in the most recent six months were as follows:


	Philippine Stock Exchange				New York Stock Exchange
	High		Low		High		Low

2015
First Quarter	Php	3,214.00	Php	2,780.00	US$	72.93	US$	61.36
January		3,014.00		2,808.00		67.76		61.90
February		3,214.00		2,948.00		72.93		66.51
March (March 1 to 24, 2015)		3,160.00		2,780.00		70.17		61.36

2014
First Quarter		2,826.00		2,604.00		63.63		56.88
Second Quarter		3,000.00		2,716.00		68.08		60.54
Third Quarter		3,486.00		2,950.00		79.04		66.85
Fourth Quarter		3,292.00		2,748.00		72.40		61.18
October		3,240.00		2,980.00		71.86		66.11
November		3,292.00		2,888.00		72.40		63.58
December		2,998.00		2,748.00		66.75		61.18

2013
First Quarter		3,004.00		2,530.00		74.08		62.11
Second Quarter		3,290.00		2,682.00		78.63		62.30
Third Quarter		3,110.00		2,680.00		71.76		59.04
Fourth Quarter		3,054.00		2,572.00		71.36		58.63

2012		2,940.00		2,290.00		69.44		52.34
2011		2,598.00		1,990.00		58.95		46.08
2010		2,775.00		2,320.00		64.35		50.04

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Item 10.

Additional Information

Share Capital

Not applicable.

Amended Articles of Incorporation

On April 23, 2013 and June 14, 2013, the Board of Directors and stockholders, respectively, approved the following actions: (1) decrease in PLDT’s authorized capital stock from Php9,395 million divided into two classes consisting of: (a) Preferred Capital Stock sub-classified into 150 million shares of Voting Preferred Stock of the par value of Php1.00 each and 807.5 million shares of Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stock of the par value of Php10.00 each; and (b) 234 million shares of Common Capital Stock of the par value of Php5.00 each, to Php5,195 million, divided into two classes consisting of: (a) Preferred Capital Stock sub-classified into: 150 million shares of Voting Preferred Stock of the par value of Php1.00 each and 387.5 million shares of Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stock of the par value of Php10.00 each; and (b) 234 million shares of Common Capital Stock of the par value of Php5.00 each; and (2) corresponding amendments to the Seventh Article of the Articles of Incorporation of PLDT. On October 3, 2013, the Philippine SEC approved the decrease in authorized capital stock and amendments to the Articles of Incorporation of PLDT. PLDT further amended its Articles of Incorporation on August 5, 2014 to revise the description of its registered address. A copy of the Articles of Incorporation, as amended, is hereby furnished under Item 19. “Exhibits”.

See Note 20 – Equity – Decrease in Authorized Capital Stock to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

By-Laws

On December 2, 2014, PLDT amended its By-Laws to revise the description of its registered address. A copy of the By-Laws, as amended, are hereby furnished under Item 19. “Exhibits”.

Issuance and Redemption of Preferred Stock

All outstanding shares of PLDT 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock Series A to Series FF, Series GG and Series HH, which were issued in 2007 and 2008, were redeemed and retired effective on January 19, 2012, August 30, 2012, May 16, 2013 and May 16, 2014, respectively.

Material Contracts

Other than the contracts described in Item 4. “Information on the Company – Development Activities (2012-2014)” and Item 7. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions,” we have not entered into any material contract that is not in the ordinary course of business within the two years preceding the date of this annual report.

188

Exchange Controls and Other Limitations Affecting Securities Holders

In Circular No. 1389 dated November 10, 1993, as amended by Circular No. 224 dated January 26, 2000, of the BSP, foreign investments in the shares of stock of Philippine companies listed in the PSE may be registered either with the BSP or with an investor’s designated custodian bank. The foreign investments in listed shares of stock, which are duly registered with the BSP or with a custodian bank duly designated by the foreign investor, are entitled to full and immediate capital repatriation and dividend and interest remittance privileges. Without the need to obtain prior BSP approval, commercial banks are authorized to sell and to remit the equivalent foreign exchange (at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of actual remittance) representing sales and divestment proceeds or dividends of a duly registered foreign equity investment upon presentation of a BSP Registration Document, or BSRD, together with other supporting documents. The BSRD is issued by the BSP or the custodian bank upon registration of the foreign investment and serves as the authority to repatriate such divestment and sales proceeds or remittance of cash dividends. Effective April 3, 2000, only pre-numbered BSRD forms, printed on BSP security paper may be used and issued as proof of registration of foreign investments in accordance with existing BSP rules. The remitting commercial bank must submit to the BSP a statement of remittance together with the supporting documents within two banking days from date of actual remittance. Foreign investments not duly registered with the BSP or with the investor’s designated custodian bank are not entitled to repatriation and remittance privileges through the banking system except capital repatriation or dividend remittance of direct foreign equity investments made prior to March 15, 1973 when BSP registration was not yet required. The BSP should be notified of the transfer of sale of foreign investments in equity or securities already registered with the BSP, in order that the registration of the foreign investment may be transferred in the name of the transferee or purchaser.

Cash dividends on PLDT’s stock are paid in Philippine peso, except dividends on the Series VI Convertible Preferred Stock, which were paid in U.S. dollars. PLDT’s Transfer Agent for its common stock, The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, which also acts as dividend paying agent, converts and remits in U.S. dollars, at the prevailing exchange rate, cash dividends due to all common shareholders residing outside the Philippines. Under the above-mentioned regulations, PLDT has been able to remit the cash dividends due to shareholders residing outside the Philippines. As at December 31, 2014, approximately 82% of PLDT’s outstanding shares of common and preferred stock were held by Philippine persons. For certain restrictions on the declaration and payment of dividends by PLDT, see Note 20 –Equity and Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Principal of and interest on PLDT’s 8.35% Notes due March 2017 are payable in U.S. dollars which may be paid through the local banking system either pursuant to the registration of such notes with the BSP or otherwise pursuant to specific BSP approval of such payment. Such principal and interest may also be paid utilizing PLDT’s own dollar resources without necessity of BSP approval. The BSP, with the approval of the President of the Philippines, may, however, restrict the availability of foreign exchange during an exchange crisis, when an exchange crisis is imminent, or in times of national emergency.

189

Taxation

The following is a description of the material Philippine and United States federal income tax consequences to United States Holders (as defined below) of owning shares of Common Stock and ADSs. It applies to you only if you hold your Common Stock or ADSs as capital assets for tax purposes. This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including a dealer in securities, a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings, a tax-exempt organization, a life insurance company, a person liable for alternative minimum tax, a person that actually or constructively owns 10% or more of PLDT’s voting stock, a person that holds Common Stock or ADSs as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction, or a person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.

This section is based on the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “U.S. Tax Code”), its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations, published rulings and court decisions, and the laws of the Philippines including the Philippine National Internal Revenue Code of 1997 (the “Philippine Tax Code”) all as currently in effect, as well as on the Convention Between the Philippines and the United States (the “Philippines-United States Tax Treaty”). These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. In addition, this section is based in part on the representations of the Depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the Deposit Agreement and any related agreement will be performed according to its terms.

You are a United States Holder if you are a beneficial owner of Common Stock or ADSs and you are a citizen or resident of the United States, a domestic corporation, an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source, or a trust if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more United States persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

This discussion addresses only United States federal income taxation and Philippine income taxation, estate and donor’s taxation, stock transaction taxation and documentary stamp taxes.

Philippine Taxation

Taxes on Exchange of ADSs for Common Stock

Philippine capital gains or stock transaction taxes and documentary stamp taxes may be payable upon the transfer of shares of Common Stock to a holder of ADRs or to a holder of GDRs. See “– Capital Gains Tax and Stock Transaction Tax” and “– Documentary Stamp Taxes.”

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Taxation of Dividends

Under the Philippine Tax Code, dividends paid by a Philippine corporation to citizens of the Philippines and resident aliens in the Philippines are subject to a final withholding tax of 10% while those paid to non-resident aliens engaged in trade or business within the Philippines are subject to a final withholding tax of 20%. Dividends paid to non-resident aliens not engaged in trade or business within the Philippines are subject to a final withholding tax of 25%. Dividends paid by a Philippine corporation to other Philippine corporations or to resident non-Philippine corporations are not subject to tax. Dividends paid to non-resident non-Philippine corporations not engaged in a trade or business in the Philippines by Philippine corporations shall be subject to a final withholding tax of 15%, subject to the condition that the country in which the non-resident non-Philippine corporation is domiciled either: (i) allows a credit against the tax due from the non-resident non-Philippine corporation taxes deemed to have been paid in the Philippines equivalent to 15% effective January 1, 2009 (which represents the difference between the regular income tax on non-resident non-Philippine corporations of 30% effective January 1, 2009 and the 15% tax on dividends) (this condition is not satisfied in the case of corporations domiciled in the United States if such corporations own less than 10% of the voting stock of PLDT) or (ii) imposes no income taxes on dividends received by such non-resident non-Philippine corporations from Philippine corporations (this condition is not satisfied in the case of corporations domiciled in the United States). If neither of the foregoing conditions are met, the dividends paid to the non-resident non-Philippine corporation shall be subject to the regular income tax (in the form of final withholding tax) at the rate of 30% effective January 1, 2009. Under rulings issued by Philippine tax authorities, Hong Kong is viewed as falling within clause (ii) and, thus, companies that are organized in Hong Kong that are not engaged in trade or business in the Philippines may be entitled to the benefit of the 15% rate. Such rulings, however, were based upon the laws of Hong Kong as in effect at the time such rulings were issued, and any subsequent changes in the relevant laws of Hong Kong may affect the validity of such rulings. PLDT reserves the right to change the rate at which it makes payments of withholding tax whenever it deems it appropriate under applicable law.

If the holder of Common Stock is a non-resident foreign partnership, which is treated as a corporation for Philippine tax purposes, dividends on the Common Stock should be subject to a final withholding tax of 30% effective January 1, 2009. Cede & Co., the partnership nominee of Depository Trust Company, should qualify as a non-resident foreign partnership that would be treated as a corporation for Philippine tax purposes.

In certain circumstances where the holder holds Common Stock, a tax treaty rate may be applicable with respect to the Philippine withholding tax. For instance, holders under such circumstances and as to which the Philippines-United States Tax Treaty would be applicable would be eligible for a treaty rate of 25% (or 20% in certain instances). The 20% treaty rate is generally not applicable in the case of non-resident non-Philippine corporations domiciled in the United States which own less than 10% of the voting stock of PLDT. Holders are required, however, to establish to the Philippine taxing authorities their eligibility for such treaty rate. Philippine tax authorities have prescribed, through an administrative issuance, procedures for availment of tax treaty relief. Provided that it complies with the procedures for availment of tax treaty relief, PLDT intends to pay withholding tax at the reduced treaty rate in respect of shares the registered holder of which is Cede & Co., on the basis that Cede & Co. is a resident of the United States for purposes of the Philippines-United States Tax Treaty. PLDT reserves the right to change the rate at which it makes payments of withholding tax whenever it deems it appropriate under applicable law.

Capital Gains Tax and Stock Transaction Tax

The Philippine Tax Code provides that gain from the sale of shares of stock in a Philippine corporation shall be treated as derived entirely from sources within the Philippines, regardless of where the shares are sold. Subject to applicable tax treaty rates, the rate of tax on such gain, where the share is not disposed of through the PSE, is a final tax (i.e., capital gains tax) of 5% for gains not exceeding Php100,000 and 10% for gains in excess of that amount. The rate is the same for both non-resident individuals and non-resident non-Philippine corporations. While this tax is not collected through withholding, the Philippine Tax Code prohibits a sale or transfer of shares of stock from being recorded in the Stock and Transfer Books of the corporation unless the Philippine Commissioner of Internal Revenue certifies that the tax has been paid or certain other conditions are met.

191

The sale of shares which are listed in and sold through the PSE are subject to the stock transaction tax imposed at the rate of 1/2 of 1% of the gross selling price. This tax is required to be collected and paid to the government by the selling stockbroker on behalf of his client. In a letter from the BIR dated December 28, 2010 and addressed to the SEC, the BIR sets out the policy that, for tax purposes: (i) listed companies should continually maintain, if not surpass, their initial public ownership requirement (the minimum public ownership, or MPO) in order to continually enjoy the preferential tax rate of 1/2 of 1% of the gross selling price of gross value on money arising from the disposal by the stockholders of their listed shares through the PSE; and (ii) failure of listed companies to do so exposes the stockholders selling their shares to the 5%/10% capital gains tax as these companies are no longer compliant with their “public ownership” status and will, thus, not be considered publicly-listed companies for taxation purposes. On November 7, 2012, the BIR issued Revenue Regulations No. 16-2012 prescribing the tax treatment of sales, barters, exchanges or other dispositions of shares of stock of publicly-listed companies that do not meet the MPO. The salient provisions of such BIR issuance are as follows: (i) publicly-listed companies which are not compliant with the MPO level will be allowed up to December 31, 2012 to comply; (ii) from and after January 1, 2013, the sale, barter, transfer or assignment of shares of stock of publicly-listed companies which is not compliant with the MPO shall be subject to the 5%/10% capital gains tax; and (iii) listed companies are required to submit to the BIR certain reportorial requirements to enable the BIR to monitor compliance with the MPO requirement.

Sales of shares other than through a Philippine stock exchange will be subject to Philippine capital gains tax in the manner described above.

Under the Philippines-United States Tax Treaty, gains derived by a United States resident from the sale of shares of stock of a Philippine corporation will not be subject to capital gains tax (i.e., where the share is not disposed of through the PSE), unless the shares are those of a corporation of which over 50% of the assets (in terms of value) consist of real property interests located in the Philippines. PLDT does not believe that it currently is such a corporation. Holders are required, however, to establish to the Philippine taxing authorities their eligibility for such treaty exemption. Philippine tax authorities have prescribed, through an administrative issuance, procedures for availment of tax treaty relief.

Documentary Stamp Taxes

The Philippines imposes a documentary stamp tax upon transfers of shares of stock issued by a Philippine corporation at a rate of Php0.75 on each Php200, or fractional part thereof, of the par value of the shares. The documentary stamp tax is collectible wherever the document is made, signed, issued, accepted or transferred, when the obligation or right arises from Philippine sources or the property is situated in the Philippines. The sale, barter, transfer or exchange of shares of stock of a Philippine Corporation which is listed and traded through the facilities of the Philippine Stock Exchange is exempt from the document stamp tax. However, Revenue Regulations No. 16-2012 provides that transfers of shares of stock of publicly-listed companies which are not compliant with the MPO requirement shall be subject to documentary stamp tax.

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Estate and Donor’s Taxes

Shares of stock issued by a corporation organized or constituted in accordance with Philippine law are deemed to have a Philippine situs and their transfer by way of succession or donation is subject to Philippine estate and gift taxes. The transfer of shares of stock by a deceased individual to his heirs by way of succession, whether such an individual was a citizen of the Philippines or an alien, regardless of residence, will be subject to Philippine estate tax at progressive rates ranging from 5% to 20% if the net estate is over Php200,000. Individual and corporate shareholders, whether or not citizens or residents of the Philippines, who transfer the Equity Securities by way of gift or donation will be liable for Philippine donor’s tax on such transfers at progressive rates ranging from 2% to 15%, if the net gifts made during the calendar year exceed Php100,000. The rate of tax with respect to net gifts made to a stranger, who is not a brother, sister, spouse, ancestor, lineal descendant or relative by consanguinity in the collateral line within the fourth degree of relationship of the donor, is a flat rate of 30%. Donations to or from corporations are considered donations from a stranger for donor’s tax purposes. Estate and gift taxes will not be collected in respect of intangible personal property such as the Equity Securities:

•

if the deceased at the time of death, or the donor at the time of donation, was a citizen and resident of a foreign country which at the time of his death or donation did not impose a transfer tax of any character in respect of intangible personal property of citizens of the Philippines not residing in that foreign country; or

•

if the laws of the foreign country of which the deceased or the donor was a citizen and resident at the time of his death or donation allow a similar exemption from transfer or death taxes of every character or description in respect of intangible personal property owned by citizens of the Philippines not residing in that foreign country.

Shares of stock of a deceased shareholder or shares that have been donated may not be transferred on the books of the corporation without a certificate from the Philippine Commissioner of Internal Revenue that the applicable estate or donor’s taxes have been paid. In the case of ADRs, however, there is no corresponding requirement, unless a transfer of the ADRs would also entail a change in the registration of the underlying shares.

United States Federal Taxation

In general, taking into account the earlier assumptions that each obligation of the Deposit Agreement and any related agreement will be performed according to its terms, for United States federal income tax purposes, if you hold ADRs evidencing ADSs, you will be treated as the owner of the shares represented by those ADRs. Exchanges of shares of Common Stock for ADRs, and ADRs for shares of Common Stock, generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax.

Taxation of Dividends

Under the United States federal income tax laws, and subject to the passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, rules discussed below, if you are a United States Holder, the gross amount of any dividend we pay out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for United States federal income tax purposes) is subject to United States federal income taxation. If you are a non-corporate United States Holder, dividends paid to you that constitute qualified dividend income will be taxable to you at the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains provided that, in the case of Common Stock or ADSs you hold the Common Stock or ADSs for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date. Dividends we pay with respect to the Common Stock or ADSs generally will be qualified dividend income.

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You must include any Philippine tax withheld from the dividend payment in this gross amount even though you do not in fact receive it. The dividend is taxable to you when you, in the case of Common Stock, or the Depositary, in the case of ADSs, receive the dividend, actually or constructively. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to United States corporations in respect of dividends received from other United States corporations. The amount of the dividend distribution that you must include in your income as a United States Holder will be the U.S. dollar value of the Philippine peso payments made, determined at the spot Philippine peso/U.S. dollar rate on the date the dividend distribution is includible in your income, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date you include the dividend payment in income to the date you convert the payment into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss and will not be eligible for the special tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income. The gain or loss generally will be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for United States federal income tax purposes, will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your basis in the Common Stock or ADSs and thereafter as capital gain.

Subject to certain limitations, the Philippine tax withheld in accordance with the Philippines-United States Tax Treaty and paid over to the Philippines will be creditable or deductible against your United States federal income tax liability. Special rules apply in determining the foreign tax credit limitation with respect to dividends that are subject to the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains.

Dividends will be income from sources outside the United States. Dividends will, depending on your circumstances, be either “passive” or “general” income for purposes of computing the foreign tax credit allowable to you.

Sale or Other Disposition of Equity Securities

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, a United States Holder will recognize capital gain or loss upon the sale of Common Stock or ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between such United States Holder’s basis in the Common Stock or ADSs and the amount realized upon the sale. Such gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of sale, exchange or retirement, the Common Stock or ADSs have been held for more than one year. Capital gain of a non-corporate U.S. holder is generally taxed at preferential rates where the property is held for more than one year. Generally, any such gain or loss will be treated as realized income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. United States Holders may not be eligible to credit against their United States federal income tax liability amounts paid in respect of the Philippine stock transaction tax. See Item 10. “Additional Information – Philippine Taxation – Capital Gains Tax and Stock Transaction Tax.”

The U.S. Tax Code does not authorize a comparable credit for foreign gift or donor’s taxes such as those imposed by the Philippines. See Item 10. “Additional Information – Philippine Taxation – Estate and Donor’s Taxes.”

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Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

We believe that the Common Stock and ADSs should not be treated as stock of a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes, but this conclusion is a factual determination that is made annually and thus may be subject to change. If we were to be treated as a PFIC, unless the Common Stock or ADSs are “marketable stock” and you elect to be taxed annually on a mark-to-market basis with respect to the Common Stock or ADSs, gain realized on the sale or other disposition of your Common Stock or ADSs would in general not be treated as capital gain. Instead, if you are a United States Holder, you would be treated as if you had realized such gain and certain “excess distributions” ratably over your holding period for the Common Stock or ADSs and would be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for each such year to which the gain was allocated, together with an interest charge in respect of the tax attributable to each such year. With certain exceptions, your shares of ADSs will be treated as stock in a PFIC if we were a PFIC at any time during your holding period in your shares or ADSs. Dividends that you receive from us will not be eligible for the special tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income if we are a PFIC either in the taxable year of the distribution or the preceding taxable year, but instead will be taxable at rates applicable to ordinary income.

Dividends and Paying Agents

Not applicable.

Statement by Experts

Not applicable.

Documents on Display

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and file reports and other information with the Commission, as required by this Act. Reports and other information filed by us with the Commission may be inspected and copied at the Commission’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Commission’s Public Reference Room by calling the Commission in the United States at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Commission also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission. Copies of these materials may be obtained by mail from the public reference section of the Commission, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C.20549, at prescribed rates. These reports and other information may also be inspected at the offices of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005, on which the ADSs representing our Common Stock are listed.

Item 11.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

The main risks arising from our financial instruments are liquidity risk, foreign currency exchange risk, interest rate risk and credit risk. The importance of managing those risks has significantly increased in light of the considerable change and volatility in both the Philippine and international financial markets. Our Board of Directors reviews and approves policies for managing each of these risks. Our policies for managing these risks are summarized below. We also monitor the market price risk arising from all financial instruments.

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Liquidity Risk

Our exposure to liquidity risk refers to the risk that our financial requirements, working capital requirements and immediate capital expenditures are not met.

We manage our liquidity profile to be able to finance our operations and capital expenditures, service our maturing debts and meet our other financial obligations. To cover our financing requirements, we use internally generated funds and proceeds from debt and equity issues and sales of certain assets.

As part of our liquidity risk management program, we regularly evaluate our projected and actual cash flows, including our loan maturity profiles, and continuously assess conditions in the financial markets for opportunities to pursue fund-raising initiatives. These activities may include bank loans, export credit agency-guaranteed facilities, debt capital and equity market issues.

Any excess funds are primarily invested in short-term and principal-protected bank products that provide flexibility of withdrawing the funds anytime. We also allocate a portion of our cash in longer tenor investments such as fixed income securities issued or guaranteed by the Republic of the Philippines, and Philippine banks and corporates, managed funds and other structured products linked to the Republic of the Philippines. We regularly evaluate available financial products and monitor market conditions for opportunities to enhance yields at acceptable risk levels. Our investments are also subject to certain restrictions contained in our debt covenants. Our funding arrangements are designed to keep an appropriate balance between equity and debt and to provide financing flexibility while enhancing our businesses.

Our cash position remains sufficient to support our planned capital expenditure requirements and service our debt and financing obligations; however, we may be required to finance a portion of our future capital expenditures from external financing sources. We have cash and cash equivalents, and short-term investments amounting to Php26,659 million and Php643 million, respectively, as at December 31, 2014, which we can use to meet our short-term liquidity needs. See Note 16 – Cash and Cash Equivalents to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

The following table discloses a summary of maturity profile of our financial assets based on our consolidated undiscounted claims outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Loans and receivables:		76,041		72,536		1,303		1,086		1,116
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,912		7,953		1,070		773		1,116
Cash equivalents		19,843		19,843		—		—		—
Short-term investments		18		18		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		—		233		313		—
Retail subscribers		17,053		17,053		—		—		—
Foreign administrations		8,420		8,420		—		—		—
Corporate subscribers		7,941		7,941		—		—		—
Domestic carriers		823		823		—		—		—
Dealers, agents and others		10,485		10,485		—		—		—
HTM investments:		709		295		264		—		150
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		295		264		—		150
Financial instruments at FVPL:		625		625		—		—		—

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	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million pesos)
Short-term investments		625		625		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		—		—		—		28,086

Total		105,461		73,456		1,567		1,086		29,352


December 31, 2013
Loans and receivables:		70,738		66,169		2,819		1,608		142
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,384		7,987		958		1,297		142
Cash equivalents		25,967		25,967		—		—		—
Short-term investments		127		127		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		—		1,861		311		—
Retail subscribers		12,563		12,563		—		—		—
Corporate subscribers		7,904		7,904		—		—		—
Foreign administrations		5,840		5,840		—		—		—
Domestic carriers		1,461		1,461		—		—		—
Dealers, agents and others		4,320		4,320		—		—		—
HTM investments:		471		—		—		321		150
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		—		—		321		150
Financial instruments at FVPL:		591		591		—		—		—
Short-term investments		591		591		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		—		—		—		220

Total		72,020		66,760		2,819		1,929		512

The following table discloses a summary of maturity profile of our financial liabilities based on our consolidated contractual undiscounted obligations outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Payments Due by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Debt⁽¹⁾:		157,607		575		71,798		27,100		58,134
Principal		130,634		377		57,918		21,107		51,232
Interest		26,973		198		13,880		5,993		6,902
Lease obligations:		18,190		9,446		4,302		2,132		2,310
Operating lease		18,184		9,446		4,296		2,132		2,310
Finance lease		6		—		6		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations⁽²⁾		211		72		45		45		49
Other obligations:		122,486		98,452		17,073		5,160		1,801
Derivative financial liabilities⁽³⁾:		2,057		131		1,926		—		—
Long-term currency swap		1,712		—		1,712		—		—
Interest rate swap		345		131		214		—		—
Various trade and other obligations:		120,429		98,321		15,147		5,160		1,801
Suppliers and contractors		55,288		35,857		14,356		5,075		—
Utilities and related expenses		35,049		35,021		6		5		17
Employee benefits		8,234		8,234		—		—		—
Liability from redemption of preferred shares		7,922		7,922		—		—		—
Carriers and other customers		2,799		2,799		—		—		—
Customers’ deposits		2,438		—		574		80		1,784
Dividends		1,070		1,070		—		—		—
Others		7,629		7,418		211		—		—


Total contractual obligations		298,494		108,545		93,218		34,437		62,294


December 31, 2013
Debt⁽¹⁾:		123,623		2,774		48,824		35,908		36,117
Principal		104,472		2,576		37,822		31,549		32,525
Interest		19,151		198		11,002		4,359		3,592
Lease obligations:		14,574		7,711		3,198		2,016		1,649
Operating lease		14,562		7,710		3,187		2,016		1,649
Finance lease		12		1		11		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations⁽²⁾		231		66		44		44		77
Other obligations:		109,405		84,869		14,841		7,627		2,068

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	Payments Due by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million pesos)
Derivative financial liabilities⁽³⁾:		2,274		92		923		1,259		—
Long-term currency swap		2,086		—		833		1,253		—
Interest rate swap		188		92		90		6		—
Various trade and other obligations:		107,131		84,777		13,918		6,368		2,068
Suppliers and contractors		49,314		29,799		13,183		6,332		—
Utilities and related expenses		31,576		31,483		68		5		20
Liability from redemption of preferred shares		7,952		7,952		—		—		—
Employee benefits		5,350		5,350		—		—		—
Customers’ deposits		2,545		—		466		31		2,048
Carriers and other customers		2,264		2,264		—		—		—
Dividends		932		932		—		—		—
Others		7,198		6,997		201		—		—

Total contractual obligations		247,833		95,420		66,907		45,595		39,911

⁽¹⁾

Consists of long-term debt, including current portion, and notes payable; gross of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs.

⁽²⁾

Based on the Amended ATPA with AIL. See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions – Air Time Purchase Agreement between PLDT and AIL Related Party Agreements to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

⁽³⁾

Gross liabilities before any offsetting application.

Debt

See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements“for a detailed discussion of our debt.

Operating Lease Obligations

The PLDT Group has various lease contracts for periods ranging from one to ten years covering certain offices, warehouses, cell sites telecommunications equipment locations and various office equipment. These lease contracts are subject to certain escalation clauses.

The consolidated future minimum lease commitments payable with non-cancellable operating leases as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Within one year		9,570		7,809
After one year but not more than five years		6,304		5,104
More than five years		2,310		1,649

Total		18,184		14,562

Finance Lease Obligations

See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Obligations under Finance Leases to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for the detailed discussion of our long-term finance lease obligations.

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Unconditional Purchase Obligations

See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions – Air Time Purchase Agreement between PLDT and AIL Related Agreements to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements” for a detailed discussion of PLDT’s obligation under the Original and the Amended ATPA.

Under the Amended ATPA, PLDT’s aggregate remaining minimum obligation is approximately Php211 million and Php231 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Other Obligations – Various Trade and Other Obligations

PLDT Group has various obligations to suppliers for the acquisition of phone and network equipment, contractors for services rendered on various projects, foreign administrations and domestic carriers for the access charges, shareholders for unpaid dividends distributions, employees for benefits and other related obligations, and various business and operational related agreements. Total obligations under these various agreements amounted to approximately Php120,429 million and Php107,131 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 23 – Accounts Payable and Note 24 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”.

Commercial Commitments

Collateral

We have not made any pledges as collateral with respect to our financial liabilities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Foreign currency exchange risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates.

199

The revaluation of our foreign currency-denominated financial assets and liabilities as a result of the appreciation or depreciation of the Philippine peso is recognized as foreign exchange gains or losses as at the end of the reporting period. The extent of foreign exchange gains or losses is largely dependent on the amount of foreign currency debt. While a certain percentage of our revenues are either linked to or denominated in U.S. dollars, a substantial portion of our indebtedness and related interest expense, a substantial portion of our capital expenditures and a portion of our operating expenses are denominated in foreign currencies, mostly in U.S. dollars. As such, a strengthening or weakening of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar will decrease or increase in Philippine peso terms both the principal amount of our foreign currency-denominated debts and the related interest expense, our foreign currency-denominated capital expenditures and operating expenses as well as our U.S. dollar-linked and U.S. dollar-denominated revenues. In addition, many of our financial ratios and other financial tests are affected by the movements in the Philippine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate.

To manage our foreign exchange risks and to stabilize our cash flows in order to improve investment and cash flow planning, we enter into forward foreign exchange contracts, currency swap contracts, currency option contracts and other hedging products aimed at reducing and/or managing the adverse impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on our operating results and cash flows. We use forward foreign exchange sale and purchase contracts, currency swap contracts and foreign currency option contracts to manage the foreign currency risks associated with our foreign currency-denominated loans. We also enter into forward foreign exchange sale contracts to manage foreign currency risks associated with our U.S. dollar-linked and U.S. dollar-denominated revenues. In order to manage the hedge costs of these contracts, we utilize structures that include credit-linkage with PLDT as the reference entity, a combination of foreign currency option contracts, and fixed to floating coupon only swap contracts. We accounted for these instruments as either cash flow hedges, wherein changes in the fair value are recognized as cumulative conversion adjustments in our consolidated other comprehensive income until the hedged transaction affects our consolidated income statement or when the hedging instrument expires, or transactions not designated as hedges, wherein changes in the fair value are recognized directly as income or expense for the year.

The following table shows our consolidated foreign currency-denominated monetary financial assets and liabilities and their Philippine peso equivalents as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014				2013
	U.S. Dollar		Php⁽¹⁾		U.S. Dollar		Php⁽²⁾
	(in millions)
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Available-for-sale financial investments		623		27,855		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		7		313		49		2,172
Derivative financial assets – net of current portion		2		94		1		24
Advances and other noncurrent assets – net of current portion		—		17		1		32

Total noncurrent financial assets		632		28,279		51		2,228

Current Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		149		6,665		145		6,450
Short-term investments		14		625		13		591
Trade and other receivables – net		210		9,414		173		7,685
Current portion of derivative financial assets		—		2		—		10
Current portion of advances and other noncurrent assets		—		10		—		—

Total current financial assets		373		16,716		331		14,736

Total Financial Assets		1,005		44,995		382		16,964

200


	2014				2013
	U.S. Dollar		Php⁽¹⁾		U.S. Dollar		Php⁽²⁾
	(in millions)
Noncurrent Financial Liabilities
Interest-bearing financial liabilities – net of current portion		1,046		46,812		1,047		46,477
Derivative financial liabilities – net of current portion		33		1,460		42		1,869

Total noncurrent financial liabilities		1,079		48,272		1,089		48,346

Current Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable		121		5,438		166		7,381
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		153		6,856		125		5,552
Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities		316		14,124		292		12,966
Current portion of derivative financial liabilities		6		254		2		105

Total current financial liabilities		596		26,672		585		26,004

Total Financial Liabilities		1,675		74,944		1,674		74,350

⁽¹⁾

The exchange rate used to convert the U.S. dollar amounts into Philippine peso was Php44.74 to US$1.00, the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate as quoted through the Philippine Dealing System as at December 31, 2014.

⁽²⁾

The exchange rate used to convert the U.S. dollar amounts into Philippine peso was Php44.40 to US$1.00, the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate as quoted through the Philippine Dealing System as at December 31, 2013.

As at March 25, 2015, the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate was Php44.77 to US$1.00. Using this exchange rate, our consolidated net foreign currency-denominated financial liabilities would have increased in Philippine peso terms by Php20 million as at December 31, 2014.

Approximately 47% and 57% of our total consolidated debts (net of consolidated debt discount) were denominated in U.S. dollars as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Consolidated foreign currency-denominated debt increased to Php60,632 million as at December 31, 2014 from Php59,132 million as at December 31, 2013. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in Item 18. “Financial Statements”. The aggregate notional amount of PLDT’s outstanding long-term principal only-currency swap contracts was US$202 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. Consequently, the unhedged portion of our consolidated debt amounts was approximately 40% (or 34%, net of our consolidated U.S. dollar cash balances) and 48% (or 41%, net of our consolidated U.S. dollar cash balances) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Approximately, 20% of our consolidated service revenues were denominated in U.S. dollars and/or were linked to U.S. dollars for the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared with approximately 21% for the year ended December 31, 2013. Approximately, 10% of our consolidated expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars and/or linked to the U.S. dollar for the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared with approximately 11% for the year ended December 31, 2013. In this respect, the higher weighted average exchange rate of the Philippine peso against the U.S. dollar increased our revenues and expenses, and consequently, affects our cash flow from operations in Philippine peso terms.

The Philippine peso depreciated by 0.77% against the U.S. dollar to Php44.74 to US$1.00 as at December 31, 2014 from Php44.40 to US$1.00 as at December 31, 2013. As a result of our consolidated foreign exchange movements, as well as the amount of our consolidated outstanding net foreign currency financial assets and liabilities, we recognized net consolidated foreign exchange losses of Php382 million and Php2,893 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and net consolidated foreign exchange gains of Php3,282 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

201

Management conducted a survey among our banks to determine the outlook of the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate until March 31, 2015. Our outlook is that the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate may weaken/strengthen by 1.70% as compared to the exchange rate of Php44.74 to US$1.00 as at December 31, 2014. If the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate had weakened/strengthened by 1.70% as at December 31, 2014, with all other variables held constant, profit after tax for the year ended 2014 would have been approximately Php252 million higher/lower and our consolidated stockholders’ equity as at year end 2014 would have been approximately Php248 million higher/lower, mainly as a result of consolidated foreign exchange gains and losses on conversion of U.S. dollar-denominated net assets/liabilities and mark-to-market valuation of derivative financial instruments.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of change in market interest rates.

Our exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to our long-term debt obligations and short-term borrowings with floating interest rates.

Our policy is to manage interest cost through a mix of fixed and variable rate debts. We evaluate the fixed to floating ratio of our loans in line with movements of relevant interest rates in the financial markets. Based on our assessment, new financing will be priced either on a fixed or floating rate basis. On a limited basis, we enter into interest rate swap agreements in order to manage our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. We make use of hedging instruments and structures solely for reducing or managing financial risk associated with our liabilities and not for trading purposes.

202

The following tables set out the carrying amounts, by maturity, of our financial instruments that are expected to have exposure on interest rate risk as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. Financial instruments that are not subject to interest rate risk were not included in the table.

As at December 31, 2014


	In U.S. Dollars															Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		Fair Value
	Below 1 year		1-2 years		2-3 years			3-5 years		Over 5 years		Total		In Php		Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		In U.S. Dollar		In Php
																(in millions)
Assets:
Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		—		—		5			7		—		12		546		—		546		12		558
Interest rate		—		—		10.0000	%		3.5000 to 4.000%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		7		1		5			—		3		16		709		—		709		16		706
Interest rate		2.9310%		4.2188%		4.2500%			—		4.8371%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Cash in Bank
U.S. Dollar		23		—		—			—		—		23		1,044		—		1,044		23		1,044
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.5000%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		82		—		—			—		—		82		3,675		—		3,675		82		3,675
Interest rate		0.0010% to 1.5500%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other Currencies		1		—		—			—		—		1		23		—		23		1		23
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.5000%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Temporary Cash Investments
U.S. Dollar		88		—		—			—		—		88		3,929		—		3,929		88		3,929
Interest rate		0.2500% to 1.5000%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		356		—		—			—		—		356		15,914		—		15,914		356		15,914
Interest rate		0.5000% to 5.0000%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Short-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		14		—		—			—		—		14		625		—		625		14		625
Interest rate		4.9570%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—		—		—			—		—		—		18		—		18		—		18
Interest rate		1.3750%		—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

		571		1		10			7		3		592		26,483		—		26,483		592		26,492


Liabilities:
Long-term Debt
Fixed Rate
U.S. Dollar Notes		—		—		228			—		—		228		10,218		48		10,170		263		11,738
Interest rate		—		—		8.3500%			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
U.S. Dollar Fixed Loans		5		61		26			20		—		112		4,998		74		4,924		111		4,972
Interest rate		2.9900%		1.4100% to 3.9550%		1.4100% to 3.9550%			1.4100% to 3.9550%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—		31		184			331		823		1,369		61,240		173		61,067		1,403		62,780
Interest rate		—		3.9250% to 6.2600%		3.9250% to 6.3462%			3.9250% to 6.3462%		4.4850% to 6.3462%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Variable Rate
U.S. Dollar		4		546		213			116		143		1,022		45,728		190		45,538		1,022		45,728
Interest rate		0.3500% to 0.5500% over LIBOR		0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR		0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR			0.9500% to 1.8000% over LIBOR		1.4000% to 1.4500% over LIBOR		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—		4		2			4		179		189		8,450		26		8,424		189		8,450
Interest rate		—		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate			BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate		—		—		—		—		—		—

		9		642		653			471		1,145		2,920		130,634		511		130,123		2,988		133,668

203

As at December 31, 2013


	In U.S. Dollars														Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		Fair Value
	Below 1 year		1-2 years		2-3 years		3-5 years		Over 5 years		Total		In Php		Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		In U.S. Dollar		In Php
															(in millions)
Assets:
Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		—		—		42		7		—		49		2,172		—		2,172		49		2,185
Interest rate		—		—		10.0000%		3.5000 to 4.000%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—		—		—		7		3		10		471		—		471		11		483
Interest rate		—		—		—		4.2500%		4.8370%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Cash in Bank
U.S. Dollar		20		—		—		—		—		20		882		—		882		20		882
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.7500%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		97		—		—		—		—		97		4,303		—		4,303		97		4,303
Interest rate		0.0010% to 2.0000%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other Currencies		2		—		—		—		—		2		96		—		96		2		96
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.5000%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Temporary Cash Investments
U.S. Dollar		116		—		—		—		—		116		5,164		—		5,164		116		5,164
Interest rate		0.2500% to 4.0000%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		469		—		—		—		—		469		20,803		—		20,803		469		20,803
Interest rate		0.5600% to 4.7500%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Short-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		13		—		—		—		—		13		591		—		591		13		591
Interest rate		0.6050%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		3		—		—		—		—		3		127		—		127		3		127
Interest rate		1.5000%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

		720		—		42		14		3		779		34,609		—		34,609		780		34,634


Liabilities:
Long-term Debt
Fixed Rate
U.S. Dollar Notes		—		—		—		234		—		234		10,401		67		10,334		274		12,160
Interest rate		—		—		—		8.3500%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
U.S. Dollar Fixed Loans		—		65		26		33		—		124		5,493		99		5,394		126		5,598
Interest rate		—		1.4100% to 3.9550%		1.4100% to 3.9550%		1.4100% to 3.9550%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		17		29		14		197		647		904		40,125		46		40,079		949		42,120
Interest rate		6.3981%		3.9250% to 6.2600%		3.9250% to 6.2600%		3.9250% to 6.3462%		3.9250% to 6.3462%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Variable Rate
U.S. Dollar		21		480		235		245		—		981		43,560		156		43,404		981		43,560
Interest rate		0.3500% to 1.8000% over LIBOR		0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR		0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR		0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		20		2		1		1		86		110		4,893		14		4,879		110		4,893
Interest rate		PHP PDST-F + 0.3000%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500%		—		—		—		—		—		—

		58		576		276		710		733		2,353		104,472		382		104,090		2,440		108,331

Fixed rate financial instruments are subject to fair value interest rate risk while floating rate financial instruments are subject to cash flow interest rate risk.

Repricing of floating rate financial instruments is mostly done on intervals of three months or six months. Interest on fixed rate financial instruments is fixed until maturity of the particular instrument.

204

Management conducted a survey among our banks to determine the outlook of the U.S. dollar and Philippine peso interest rates until March 31, 2015. Our outlook is that the U.S. dollar and Philippine peso interest rates may move 10 basis points, or bps, and 35 bps higher/lower, respectively, as compared to levels as at December 31, 2014. If U.S. dollar interest rates had been 10 bps higher/lower as compared to market levels as at December 31, 2014, with all other variables held constant, profit after tax for the year end 2014 would have been approximately Php27 million lower/higher, mainly as a result of higher/lower interest expense on floating rate borrowings, and our consolidated stockholders’ equity as at year end 2014 would have been approximately Php69 thousand lower/higher, mainly as a result of loss/gain on derivative transactions. If Philippine peso interest rates had been 35 bps higher/lower as compared to market levels as at December 31, 2014, with all other variables held constant, profit after tax for the year end 2014 and our consolidated stockholders’ equity as at year end 2014 would have been approximately Php49 million lower/higher, mainly as a result of higher/lower interest expense on floating rate borrowings and loss/gain on derivative transactions.

Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk that we will incur a loss arising from our customers, clients or counterparties that fail to discharge their contracted obligations. We manage and control credit risk by setting limits on the amount of risk we are willing to accept for individual counterparties and by monitoring exposures in relation to such limits.

We trade only with recognized and creditworthy third parties. It is our policy that all customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, receivable balances are monitored on an on-going basis to reduce our exposure to bad debts.

We established a credit quality review process to provide regular identification of changes in the creditworthiness of counterparties. Counterparty limits are established and reviewed periodically based on latest available financial data on our counterparties’ credit ratings, capitalization, asset quality and liquidity. Our credit quality review process allows us to assess the potential loss as a result of the risks to which we are exposed and allow us to take corrective actions.

205

The table below shows the maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of our consolidated statements of financial position, including derivative financial instruments as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	December 31, 2014
	Gross Maximum Exposure		Collateral and Other Credit Enhancements*		Net Maximum Exposure
	(in million pesos)
Loans and receivables:
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,711		1		10,710
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		266		26,393
Short-term investments		18		—		18
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		—		546
Retail subscribers		8,920		46		8,874
Foreign administrations		7,872		—		7,872
Corporate subscribers		3,615		139		3,476
Domestic carriers		730		—		730
Dealers, agents and others		8,014		1		8,013
HTM investments:
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		—		709
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		—		28,086
Financial instruments at FVPL:
Short-term investments		625		—		625
Derivatives used for hedging:
Interest rate swap		96		—		96

Total		96,601		453		96,148

*	Includes bank insurance, security deposits and customer deposits. We have no collateral held as at December 31, 2014.


	December 31, 2013
	Gross Maximum Exposure		Collateral and Other Credit Enhancements*		Net Maximum Exposure
	(in million pesos)
Loans and receivables:
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,272		—		10,272
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		241		31,664
Short-term investments		127		—		127
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		—		2,172
Foreign administrations		5,721		—		5,721
Retail subscribers		5,414		41		5,373
Corporate subscribers		2,055		135		1,920
Domestic carriers		1,381		—		1,381
Dealers, agents and others		2,993		1		2,992
HTM investments:
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		—		471
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		—		220
Financial instruments at FVPL:
Short-term investments		591		—		591
Short-term currency swaps		10		—		10
Derivatives used for hedging:
Interest rate swap		24		—		24

Total		63,356		418		62,938

*	Includes bank insurance, security deposits and customer deposits. We have no collateral held as at December 31, 2013.

206

The table below provides information regarding the credit quality by class of our financial assets according to our credit ratings of counterparties as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


			Neither past due nor impaired				Past due but
	Total		Class A⁽¹⁾		Class B⁽²⁾		not impaired		Impaired
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Loans and receivables:		82,857		43,730		11,083		12,272		15,772
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,912		8,978		1,732		1		201
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		23,952		2,707		—		—
Short-term investments		18		18		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		546		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		17,053		2,115		2,894		3,911		8,133
Foreign administrations		8,420		2,825		535		4,512		548
Corporate subscribers		7,941		1,008		654		1,953		4,326
Domestic carriers		823		90		158		482		93
Dealers, agents and others		10,485		4,198		2,403		1,413		2,471
HTM investments:		709		709		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		709		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		28,024		62		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL⁽³⁾:		625		625		—		—		—
Short-term investments		625		625		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		96		96		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		96		96		—		—		—

Total		112,373		73,184		11,145		12,272		15,772


December 31, 2013
Loans and receivables:		76,676		46,362		7,772		7,906		14,636
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,384		10,241		22		9		112
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		29,129		2,776		—		—
Short-term investments		127		127		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		2,172		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		12,563		1,318		1,822		2,274		7,149
Corporate subscribers		7,904		698		343		1,014		5,849
Foreign administrations		5,840		1,242		1,765		2,714		119
Domestic carriers		1,461		350		22		1,009		80
Dealers, agents and others		4,320		1,085		1,022		886		1,327
HTM investments:		471		471		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		471		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		166		54		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL⁽³⁾:		601		601		—		—		—
Short-term investments		591		591		—		—		—
Short-term currency swaps		10		10		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		24		24		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		24		24		—		—		—

Total		77,992		47,624		7,826		7,906		14,636

⁽¹⁾

This includes low risk and good paying customer accounts with no history of account treatment for a defined period and no overdue accounts as at report date; and deposits or placements to counterparties with good credit rating or bank standing financial review.

⁽²⁾

This includes medium risk and average paying customer accounts with no overdue accounts as at report date, and new customer accounts for which sufficient credit history has not been established; and deposits or placements to counterparties not classified as Class A.

⁽³⁾

Gross receivables from counterparties, before any offsetting arrangements.

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The aging analysis of past due but not impaired class of financial assets as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


					Past due but not impaired
	Total		Neither past due nor impaired		1-60 days		61-90 days		Over 91 days		Impaired
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Loans and receivables:		82,857		54,813		5,285		1,149		5,838		15,772
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,912		10,710		—		—		1		201
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		26,659		—		—		—		—
Short-term investments		18		18		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		546		—		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		17,053		5,009		1,949		325		1,637		8,133
Foreign administrations		8,420		3,360		932		468		3,112		548
Corporate subscribers		7,941		1,662		951		234		768		4,326
Domestic carriers		823		248		166		97		219		93
Dealers, agents and others		10,485		6,601		1,287		25		101		2,471
HTM investments:		709		709		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		709		—		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		28,086		—		—		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL:		625		625		—		—		—		—
Short-term investments		625		625		—		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		96		96		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		96		96		—		—		—		—

Total		112,373		84,329		5,285		1,149		5,838		15,772


December 31, 2013
Loans and receivables:		76,676		54,134		3,303		787		3,816		14,636
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,384		10,263		1		—		8		112
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		31,905		—		—		—		—
Short-term investments		127		127		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		2,172		—		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		12,563		3,140		1,615		172		487		7,149
Corporate subscribers		7,904		1,041		384		224		406		5,849
Foreign administrations		5,840		3,007		740		158		1,816		119
Domestic carriers		1,461		372		129		134		746		80
Dealers, agents and others		4,320		2,107		434		99		353		1,327
HTM investments:		471		471		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		471		—		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		220		—		—		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL:		601		601		—		—		—		—
Short-term investments		591		591		—		—		—		—
Short-term currency swaps		10		10		—		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		24		24		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		24		24		—		—		—		—

Total		77,992		55,450		3,303		787		3,816		14,636

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Impairment Assessments

The main consideration for the impairment assessment include whether any payments of principal or interest are overdue by more than 90 days or whether there are any known difficulties in the cash flows of counterparties, credit rating downgrades, or infringement of the original terms of the contract. Our impairment assessments are classified into two areas: individually assessed allowance and collectively assessed allowances.

Individually assessed allowance

We determine the allowance appropriate for each individually significant loan or advance on an individual basis. Items considered when determining allowance amounts include the sustainability of the counterparty’s business plan, its ability to improve performance once a financial difficulty has arisen, projected receipts and the expected dividend payout should bankruptcy ensue, the availability of other financial support, the realizable value of collateral, if any, and the timing of the expected cash flows. We also recognize an impairment for accounts specifically identified to be doubtful of collection when there is information on financial incapacity after considering the other contractual obligations between us and the subscriber. The impairment losses are evaluated at each reporting date, unless unforeseen circumstances require more careful attention.

Collectively assessed allowances

Allowances are assessed collectively for losses on loans and advances that are not individually significant and for individually significant loans and advances where there is no objective evidence of individual impairment. Allowances are evaluated on each reporting date with each portfolio receiving a separate review.

The collective assessment takes account of impairment that is likely to be present in the portfolio even though there is no objective evidence of the impairment in an individual assessment. Impairment losses are estimated by taking into consideration the following information: historical losses on the portfolio, current economic conditions, the approximate delay between the time a loss is likely to have been incurred and the time it is identified as requiring an individually assessed impairment allowance, and expected receipts and recoveries once impaired. The impairment allowance is then reviewed by credit management to ensure alignment with our policy.

Capital Management Risk

We aim to achieve an optimal capital structure in pursuit of our business objectives which include maintaining healthy capital ratios and strong credit ratings, and maximizing shareholder value.

In recent years, our cash flow from operations has allowed us to substantially reduce debts and, in 2005, resume payment of dividends on common shares. Since 2005, our strong cash flow has enabled us to make investments in new areas and pay higher dividends.

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Our approach to capital management focuses on balancing the allocation of cash and the incurrence of debt as we seek new investment opportunities for new businesses and growth areas. On August 5, 2014, the PLDT Board of Directors approved an amendment to our dividend policy, increasing the dividend payout rate to 75% from 70% of our core EPS as regular dividends. Further, in the event no investment opportunities arise, we may consider the option of returning additional cash to our shareholders in the form of special dividends or share buybacks. Philippine corporate regulations prescribe, however, that we can only pay out dividends or make capital distribution up to the amount of our unrestricted retained earnings.

As part of our goal to maximize returns to our shareholders, we obtained in 2008 an approval from the Board of Directors to conduct a share buyback program for up to five million PLDT common shares. We did not buy back any shares of common stock in 2014 and 2013.

Some of our debt instruments contain covenants that impose maximum leverage ratios. In addition, our credit ratings from the international credit ratings agencies are based on our ability to remain within certain leverage ratios.

We monitor capital using several financial leverage measurements calculated in conformity with IFRS, such as net consolidated debt to equity ratio. Net consolidated debt is derived by deducting cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments from total debt (long-term debt including current portion), excluding discontinued operations. Our objective is to maintain our net consolidated debt to equity ratio below 100%.

The table below provides information regarding our consolidated debt to equity ratio as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Long-term debt including current portion		130,123			104,090
Cash and cash equivalents		(26,659	)		(31,905	)
Short-term investments		(643	)		(718	)

Net consolidated debt		102,821			71,467


Equity attributable to equity holders of PLDT		134,364			137,147

Net consolidated debt to equity ratio		77	%		52	%

No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Item 12.

Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities

Fees and Charges for Holders of American Depositary Receipts

JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., or the depositary, as depositary of our ADS collects fees from each person to whom ADS are issued, US$5.00 for each 100 ADS (or portion thereof) issued, delivered, reduced, cancelled or surrendered.

The depositary also collects the following fees from holders of ADRs or intermediaries acting in their behalf:

•

US$0.02 or less per ADS (or portion thereof) for any cash distribution made;

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•

US$1.50 per ADR for transfers made (to the extent such fee is not prohibited by the rules of the primary stock exchange upon which the ADSs are listed);

•

a fee in an amount equal to the fee for the execution and delivery of ADSs for the distribution or sale of securities, which would have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities but which securities or the net proceeds from the sale thereof are instead distributed by the depositary to the holders entitled thereto;

•

US$0.02 per ADS (or a portion thereof) per year for the services rendered by the depositary for administering the ADR program (which fee shall be assessed as of the record date or dates set by the depositary not more than once each calendar year and shall be payable at the sole discretion of the depositary by billing such holders or by deducting such charge from one or more cash dividends or other cash distribution);

•

such fees and expenses as are incurred by the depositary (including without limitation expenses incurred on behalf of holders in compliance with foreign exchange control regulations or any law or regulation relating to foreign investment) in the delivery of the common stock or otherwise in connection with the depositary’s or its custodian’s compliance with applicable laws, rules or regulations;

•

stock transfer and other taxes and governmental charges (which are payable by the holder or person depositing the common stock), cable, telex and facsimile transmission and delivery charges incurred at the request of the person depositing the common stock or holder delivering the common stock, ADRs or deposited common stock (which are payable by such person or holder), transfer or registration fees for the registration or transfer of deposited common stock in connection with the deposit or withdrawal of the deposited common stock (which are payable by the person depositing or withdrawing deposited common stock), expense by the depositary in the conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars; and

•

any other charge payable by the depositary or its agents in connection with its service as depositary in implementation of the Company’s ADR Program pursuant to Section 4.02, 4.03, 4.04, or 4.05 of the Deposit Agreement, as amended.

Fees and Other Payments Made by the Depositary to Us

The depositary has agreed to reimburse certain reasonable expenses of PLDT related to PLDT’s ADR program and incurred by PLDT in connection with the ADR program. The amounts reimbursable by the depositary are not necessarily related to the fees collected by the depositary from ADR holders. The total amount that the depositary has agreed to reimburse and the amounts reimbursable for the year ended December 31, 2014 was US$1,623,836.85. The amount of US$152,043.24 was reimbursed out of the total reimbursable expenses of US$1,623,836.85 as at December 31, 2014.

PART II

Item 13.

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

None.

Item 14.

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

None.

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Item 15.

Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, carried out an evaluation on the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as at December 31, 2014. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as at December 31, 2014.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. The Management of Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and Subsidiaries (“PLDT Group”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Our internal control over financial reporting is designed and implemented under the supervision of our principal executive officers and principal finance officers, in order to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the PLDT Group; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and that receipts and expenditures of the PLDT Group are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and board of directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of any unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the PLDT Group’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, a system of internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statements preparation and presentation, and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the PLDT Group’s internal control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2014, based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in 2013.

Based on this assessment, management has determined that the internal control over financial reporting of the PLDT Group was effective as at December 31, 2014.

We reviewed the results of management’s assessment with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

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SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co. (a member firm of the Ernst & Young Global Limited), an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report and has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2014. This attestation report is dated March 26, 2015 and is set forth in Item 18 “Financial Statements” of the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. During 2014, no change to our internal control over financial reporting occurred that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 16A.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

Our Board of Directors has determined that currently none of the members of the Audit Committee is an audit committee financial expert as defined under the applicable rules of the U.S. SEC issued pursuant to Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Because our Board of Directors believes that the Audit Committee members along with its advisors, possess sufficient financial knowledge and experience, our Board of Directors has not separately appointed an audit committee member who qualifies as an audit committee financial expert. Our Board of Directors has appointed Ms. Corazon de la Paz-Bernardo, a former member of our Board of Directors, as Audit Committee advisor to render advice on complex financial reporting or accounting issues that may be raised in our Audit Committee’s evaluation of our financial statements and other related matters. Formerly the Chairman and Senior Partner of Joaquin Cunanan & Co., now Isla Lipana & Co., a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers Worldwide, Ms. Corazon de la Paz-Bernardo is a certified public accountant and possesses in-depth knowledge of accounting principles (including IFRS), internal controls and procedures for financial reporting and audit committee functions, as well as extensive experience in overseeing or actively supervising the preparation, audit, analysis or evaluation of financial statements and in addressing complex and general financial reporting, accounting and audit issues.

Item 16B.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

PLDT is fully aware that responsible business conduct and a corporate culture anchored on the values of accountability, integrity, fairness and transparency bring about indubitable benefits for the Company and all its stakeholders and allow a commercial enterprise to sustain its profitability. PLDT continues to re-affirm its commitment to the highest standards of corporate governance as articulated in our Articles of Incorporation, By-Laws, CG Manual, Code of Ethics and pertinent laws, rules and regulations.

These standards are found in the corporate governance rules and regulations of the Philippine SEC and the PSE inasmuch as PLDT is a public and listed Philippine corporation. PLDT, however, also complies with the corporate governance standards of the United States, since its ADSs are listed and traded in the NYSE. Finally, as an associated company of First Pacific, which is listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, PLDT also refers to the corporate governance standards of Hong Kong for guidance and benchmarking purposes. These high standards of corporate governance that the Company has voluntarily imposed on itself reflects PLDT’s complete acceptance of the duty to create value for its shareholders, fulfill its obligations to various other stakeholders, and live up to a brand of corporate governance that constantly challenges the Company’s leadership and employees to observe responsible professional conduct and behavior.

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PLDT’s disclosure containing a summary of differences on corporate governance practices based on requirements of Philippine law on one hand, and US law on the other, is found in this link: http://pldt.com/docs/default-source/compliance/nyse-pldt_303a-11_2013.pdf?sfvrsn=2. This website does not form part of this annual report on Form 20-F.

A.	*Code of Ethics and Other Policies*

The Code of Ethics was approved by the Board on March 30, 2004. The Code of Ethics sets out the Company’s business principles and values and aims to promote a culture of good corporate governance. It provides standards that govern and guide all business relationships of PLDT, its directors, officers and employees, especially with respect to the following:

•

Compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations, including anti-graft and anti-corruption laws;

•

Ethical handling of conflicts of interest, corporate opportunities and confidential information;

•

Protection and proper use of Company assets;

•

Fair dealing with employees, customers, service providers, suppliers, and competitors;

•

Compliance with reporting and disclosure obligations to the relevant regulators and to investors;

•

Compliance with disclosure and financial reporting controls and procedures;

•

Assessment and management of risks involved in business endeavors; and

•

Adoption of international best practices of good corporate governance in the conduct of the Company’s business.

Other policies

The Company also has other policies adopted by the Board to provide both general and specific guidelines that complement the Code of Ethics.

(a)

CG Manual – The PLDT CG Manual was approved and adopted by the Board of Directors on March 26, 2010 and amended on July 8, 2014 pursuant to Philippine SEC Memorandum Circular No. 6 Series of 2009 or the Revised Code of Corporate Governance. It supersedes the CG Manual approved and adopted on September 24, 2002, as amended on March 30, 2004 and January 30, 2007. The CG Manual sets forth our fundamental framework on corporate governance. Together with our Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws, it sets our corporate governance structures which establish responsibilities, confer the necessary authority and provide adequate resources for the execution of such responsibilities.

In compliance with the Revised Code of Corporate Governance of the Philippine SEC and consistent with the relevant provisions of the SRC and Corporation Code of the Philippines, PLDT’s CG Manual covers the following key areas:

•

the composition of the Board of Directors as well as the qualifications and grounds for disqualification for directorship;

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•

the requirement that at least 20% of the membership of the Board of Directors, and in no case less than two members, must be independent directors and the standards/criteria for the determination of independent directors;

•

the duties and responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the individual directors;

•

the manner of conduct of Board meetings including the requirement to have an independent director present in every meeting to promote transparency and the need to have an executive session for non-executive and independent directors;

•

establishment of Board Committees, specifically, the Audit Committee, ECC, and the GNC, including the composition and the principal duties and responsibilities of such committees, as well as the requirement for each board committee to have its own charter;

•

the role of the Chairman as the leader of the Board with principal responsibility for ensuring compliance with, and the performance of, corporate governance policies and practices;

•

the role of the President and CEO in ensuring that the Company’s business affairs are managed in a sound and prudent manner and that operational, financial and internal controls are adequate and effective to ensure reliability and integrity of financial and operational information, effectiveness and efficiency of operations, safeguarding of assets and compliance with laws, rules, regulations and contracts;

•

the duties and responsibilities of the Corporate Secretary/Assistant Corporate Secretary in terms of the support services that they need to provide the Board in upholding sound corporate governance;

•

the duties and responsibilities of the head of internal audit organization that would provide the Board of Directors, Management and shareholders with reasonable assurance that the Company’s key organizational and procedural controls are appropriate, adequate, effective and reasonably complied with;

•

the functions of the independent auditors that would reasonably ensure an environment of sound corporate governance as reflected in the Company’s financial records and reports; the requirement that non-audit work of the independent auditors should not conflict with their function as independent auditors; the requirement to rotate, at least once every five years, the independent auditors or the lead partner assigned to handle the independent audit of financial statements;

•

the requirement to appoint a Chief Governance Officer and the duties and responsibilities of such Chief Governance Officer including the establishment of an evaluation system to determine and measure compliance with the provisions of our CG Manual;

•

the duty of the Board of Directors to promote and uphold stockholders’ rights, such as, the right to vote, pre-emptive right, the right to inspect corporate books and records, the right to timely receive relevant information, the right to dividends, and the appraisal right;

•

the requirement for the Board to explore and implement steps to reduce excessive or unnecessary costs that impede stockholders’ participation and to act with transparency and fairness at the annual and special stockholders’ meetings;

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•

the Company’s undertaking to disclose material information promptly and accurately, as well as the imposition of reasonable rules regarding the treatment and handling of material non-public information; and

•

the establishment of an appropriate evaluation system for purposes of monitoring and assessing compliance with the CG Manual and other applicable laws and administrative issuances.

The Company also has other policies adopted by the Board to provide both general and specific guidelines that complement the Code of Ethics and CG Manual.

Conflict of Interest Policy

This policy aims to ensure that work-related actions of PLDT’s directors, officers, employees and consultants are based on sound business principles and judgment devoid of bias or partiality. It enjoins all employees to be aware of the possibility of such bias and partiality in dealings with various entities or individuals in the course of or in relation to their work. The policy likewise mandates that employees who find themselves in a possible conflict of interest situation should promptly disclose the matter to the relevant authorities. If warranted, the employee concerned should also obtain appropriate approvals and inhibit himself from any action, transaction or decision involving an existing or potential conflict of interest.

Policy on Gifts, Entertainment and Sponsored Travel

This policy provides safeguards so that the custom of giving gifts is handled in accordance with the values of integrity, accountability, fairness and transparency. It aims to prevent the occurrence of situations or actions that could significantly affect objective, independent or effective performance of an employee’s duties. Specifically, it prohibits the solicitation of gifts, sponsored travel and entertainment from third parties. Receipt and acceptance of gifts voluntarily given by such third parties are handled according to this policy as well.

Supplier/Contractor Relations Policy

This policy seeks to ensure that the Company upholds the highest professional standards in business practices and ethics in its dealings with suppliers and contractors in the procurement of goods and services. The policy also seeks to maintain PLDT’s reputation for equal opportunity and honest treatment of suppliers in all business transactions. It establishes clear rules for arm’s length transactions and fair treatment of prospective and existing suppliers with the objective of always obtaining the best value for the Company. The policy specifically adopts the processes of vendor accreditation and competitive bidding as the general rule and established practices to ensure that contracts are awarded only to qualified and duly-accredited suppliers and vendors who offer the best value for money for PLDT’s requirements.

Expanded Whistleblowing Policy

This policy provides guidelines on handling employee disclosure or complaints of violation of rules pertaining to the aforestated matters, protects whistleblowers from retaliation and ensures confidentiality and fairness in the handling of a disclosure or complaint.

216

Detailed implementing guidelines are likewise issued for the said policies to ensure their wide observance. All these policies, including the Code of Ethics and CG Manual (CG Rules), are reviewed at least once every two years to ensure that they are appropriate for PLDT, keep pace with comparable and applicable global best practices, and are compliant with the requirements of the Philippine and U.S. SEC and NYSE corporate governance rules, as may be appropriate and applicable.

To access the Code of Ethics, the CG Manual or information on how PLDT’s corporate governance practices and those required of U.S. listed companies under NYSE Section 303A.11 differ, please refer to Section 16G. “Corporate Governance” and the following websites:

http://pldt.com/docs/default-source/policies/pldt-code-of-business-conduct-and-ethics.pdf?sfvrsn=4

http://www.pldt.com/docs/default-source/corporate-governance-files/cg-manual-/pldt-manual-on-corporate-governance-.pdf?sfvrsn=0

http://pldt.com/docs/default-source/compliance/nyse-pldt_303a-11_2013.pdf?sfvrsn=2

These websites do not form part of this annual report on Form 20-F.

PLDT’s subsidiaries and their respective subsidiaries have also adopted corporate governance rules and policies similar in substance and form to PLDT’s CG Rules, as well as appointed their respective corporate governance officers.

Pursuant to the Conflict of Interest Policy, PLDT directors, officers, executives and employees are required to submit Conflict of Interest Disclosures. If a transaction is affected by conflict of interest, it is subject to approval by the appropriate approving authorities and the conflicted director, officer, executive or employee is prohibited from participating in any activity related to the said transaction. In December 2014, PLDT launched its online conflict of interest disclosure system. PLDT’s suppliers, vendors and contractors are also required to make prompt disclosures with respect to relationships and affiliations that they or their personnel may have with respect to PLDT directors, officers, executives and employees.

PLDT’s expanded whistleblowing policy facilitates the anonymous reporting of violations of CG Rules, accounting and auditing rules and regulations or the PLDT Personnel Manual. PLDT maintains a whistleblowing hotline and other reporting facilities, such as a dedicated electronic mailbox, post office box, and facsimile transmission system. All employees and stakeholders who come forward in good faith, regardless of rank or status, to report any of the violations mentioned above or any act that may be considered as contrary to the Company’s values of accountability, integrity, fairness, and transparency may submit a complaint or disclosure on such violations to the CGO, which is headed by the Chief Governance Officer. Upon receipt of a report, complaint or disclosure by the CGO, a preliminary evaluation is conducted to determine the veracity and plausibility of the allegations contained in the complaint or report, as well as the appropriate investigating unit to which the case shall be assigned for further action as may be deemed appropriate. The CGO monitors the developments in the cases reported and ensures appropriate reporting to the Audit Committee, the GNC, and any other relevant committee, body or authority on the results of the investigations and the prompt referrals of findings to the units concerned. The Company’s committees on officer or employee discipline, as the case may be, are responsible for evaluating and approving the appropriate disciplinary action against erring officers and employees. In all processes and activities related to a whistleblowing complaint or disclosure, utmost confidentiality is observed in order to ensure the integrity of the process and/or protect the parties, employees or offices who may be involved. By way of an added feedback mechanism for whistleblowers and for transparency, a brief bulletin describing in general terms the cases handled and their status is made available in the Company website.

217

In line with all of these, PLDT has incorporated corporate governance standards in the performance evaluation of employees and has included violations of CG Rules as cause for disqualification in being awarded incentives and rewards in its Policy on Employee Qualification for Incentives and Rewards and any long term incentive plan in place for executives and officers.

To make sure that relations between the Company and its business partners are imbued with shared standards on good corporate governance, the Company has developed written corporate governance guidelines for suppliers and contractors to which the Company’s suppliers and contractors are expected to consent in writing, thereby ensuring that they understand and accept these standards as indispensable in doing business with PLDT. The Company also conducts suppliers’/contractors’ briefings and communicates to its business partners, including suppliers, the Company’s commitment to, as well as expectations on, good corporate governance.

Further information on PLDT’s Code of Ethics, CG Manual and the Charters of the Board Committees are available on the Company website. PLDT maintains a website at http://pldt.com/ on which reports filed by the Company and other information may be accessed, and which website does not constitute a part of this annual report on Form 20-F. The Company has undertaken to provide a copy, without charge, to any person requesting for a copy of any, or both, of the Code of Ethics and CG Manual from our Chief Governance Officer, Atty. Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan, who can be reached at e-mail address lrchan@pldt.com.ph or telephone number +632-816-8556.

B.	*Education and Enhancements*

PLDT provides continuing training for its Board and Management. The highlight of this continuing education and communication program is the annual enhancement session which is conducted by internationally-known experts who share their experience, expertise and insights to PLDT’s Board and Management. Our directors are updated on the latest technology trends and developments that have an impact on the Company’s strategy through technology briefings organized by the Technology Strategy Committee.

In addition to face to face training, PLDT has online training modules for its employees. PLDT executives with the rank of manager, senior manager and assistant vice president are required to access and complete an online training course on the PLDT expanded whistleblowing policy. Supervisory and rank and file employees, on the other hand, are required to take and complete a module on the PLDT conflict of interest policy.

Education and training is supplemented by the production and dissemination of relevant corporate governance communication materials, including thematic posters, calendars and newsletters. Directors and key officers and executives of PLDT are also provided with weekly CG Newsbriefs, which contain summaries of news articles from global online sources. The Company also issues periodic advisories on corporate governance.

218

C.	*Monitoring and Evaluation*

PLDT’s governance monitoring and evaluation system consists of the annual performance self-assessment conducted by the Board and the Board Committees, the review of the effectiveness of the Company’s CG Rules and their implementation every two years, the annual compliance evaluation conducted by Management, and other tools employed to monitor observance of the CG Rules and corporate values by Company personnel.

Our Board conducts a self-assessment each calendar year to evaluate the performance of the Board as a whole, the Board Committees and the individual directors. The process, which includes an evaluation of the performance of the CEO and Management, enables the Board to identify strengths and areas for improvement and to elicit individual director’s feedback and views on the Company’s strategy, performance and future direction. Similarly, each Board Committee also conducts an annual self-assessment of its performance. The members of the Board and the Board Committees accomplish their respective self-assessment questionnaires for this purpose. The Board self-assessment questionnaire contains the following criteria based on leading practices and principles on good governance: (1) for the Board: Leadership, Roles and Responsibilities, Independence, Stewardship, Reporting and Disclosure, Shareholders’ Benefits and Training; (2) for individual directors: the specific duties and responsibilities of a director; and (3) for the Board Committees: Performance and Compliance. Each Board committee self-assessment questionnaire contains the following criteria: Performance & Compliance and Committee Governance. The results of the assessment process are duly reported to, and discussed as necessary, by the Board.

PLDT monitors and assesses compliance with the CG Rules through a cross-functional evaluation system whereby the heads of the various business and support units/groups, including, but not limited to, Enterprise, International & Carrier Business, Home Business, Finance, Human Resources, Customer Service Assurance, Technology, Supply Chain, Asset Protection & Management, Public Affairs, Enterprise Risk Management, Information Technology, Regulatory, Internal Audit, Corporate Counsel and Legal Services, Corporate Governance Office, and Investor Relations, conduct an evaluation of their unit/group’s compliance using an evaluation questionnaire consisting of the governance regulations applicable and relevant to their respective functions, including the requirements of the Revised Code of Corporate Governance and the PSE Corporate Governance Guidelines (PSE CG Guidelines). The results of the evaluation conducted by the heads are submitted to the Corporate Finance & Treasury Head and the Chief Governance Officer, who submit the consolidated report to the President and CEO for approval. The consolidated report is considered as an important input in the preparation of the Company’s Certification of Compliance with the CG Manual and Disclosure Report on the PSE CG Guidelines. The results of the compliance evaluation are reported to the GNC by the CGO.

The level of observance of the CG Rules and the values of accountability, integrity, fairness, and transparency, are monitored through focus group discussions across all personnel levels in order to gain insights into the effectiveness of its efforts. A Governance and Ethics Survey is employed to gather quantifiable information that is tracked over time to check for improvements or deficiencies. In similar fashion, a corporate governance follow through survey has been conducted in the past three years to track the observations of newly-hired personnel. The survey is administered to PLDT’s new hires six months after they are hired and thereafter, on the second and fifth year of their service. Valuable information is also obtained from the Board and Board Committee assessment process. Finally, data is also obtained and analyzed from results of our education activities, trends in reported violations, whether within the whistleblowing system or not, key business indicators such as customer complaints, reports from business partners and all other sources of relevant information.

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D.	*Governance Structures*

Board of Directors

Our Board of Directors is responsible for establishing and sustaining good corporate governance practices pursuant to its overarching duty to foster the long-term success of the Company and secure its sustained competitiveness.

In accordance with our CG Manual, our Board has undertaken to: act within the scope of power and authority of the Company and the Board as prescribed in the Articles of Incorporation, By-Laws, and legislative franchise of the Company and in existing laws, rules and regulations; exercise their best care, skill, judgment and observe utmost good faith in the conduct and management of the business and affairs of the Company; and act in the best interest of the Company and for the common benefit of the Company’s stockholders and other stakeholders.

Our Board is composed of 13 qualified and competent members, each of whom has committed to the independent, diligent, responsible and judicious exercise of his/her duties. The composition of the Board and the qualifications and grounds for disqualification of directors are provided in our CG Manual. Diversity and complementation of skills, expertise, experience and knowledge is desired and encouraged in order to enrich the collective processes and practices of our Board. Our directors, each of whom is a business owner or leader, and/or holds senior management positions, have extensive experience in their respective fields or industries, such as telecommunications, ICT, infrastructure, power, petroleum, banking, insurance, real property development, agriculture, food manufacturing, and quick-serve restaurant business. This enables them to contribute and add value in the Board’s performance of its functions, including the formulation of corporate vision and strategies, assessment of enterprise risks and adequacy and effectiveness of financial reporting and internal control systems.

Our CG Manual does not impose limitations or restrictions respecting race or gender in reference to the qualifications of our directors. With regard to directorships of individual directors in other stock or non-stock corporations, our Board has not set a “one size fits all” quantitative limit which may not give due regard to differences in individual capabilities and nature of directorships. Our Board has instead adopted a performance-based standard that other directorships should not compromise the capacity of a director to serve or perform his/her duties and responsibilities to the Company diligently and efficiently.

Our CG Manual requires that at least 20% of membership of our Board of Directors, and in no case less than two members thereof, must be independent directors. Three independent directors in the persons of Mr. Pedro E. Roxas, Mr. Alfred V. Ty and Former Chief Justice Artemio V. Panganiban are currently serving in our Board. All of these independent directors were selected pursuant to the specific independence criteria set out under applicable laws and rules, our Articles of Incorporation and our CG Manual. Under our CG Manual, an independent director is, broadly, “a person who is independent of Management and who, apart from his fees and shareholdings, is free from any business or other relationship with the Company which could or reasonably be perceived to, materially interfere with his exercise of independent judgment in carrying out his responsibilities as a director of the Company.” Our independent directors are subject to an initial term limit of five years. After completion of five consecutive years of service, an independent director shall no longer be eligible for re-election as such, unless said independent director has undergone a “cooling-off” period of two years. Thereafter, he/she may again qualify for election as an independent director annually, for five more consecutive years, after which he/she is perpetually barred from being elected as an independent director. The application of this term limit is reckoned from January 2, 2012. Moreover, an independent director may not be elected, as such, to more than five listed or public companies comprising the PLDT conglomerate (i.e. its parent company, subsidiaries or affiliates).

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The position of Chairman of the Board is separate from that of the CEO. PLDT Chairman Manuel V. Pangilinan and PLDT President and CEO Napoleon L. Nazareno nonetheless share the responsibility of ensuring good corporate governance and principled performance in their respective areas of responsibility and influence. These two individuals are unrelated.

Except for our executive directors, our directors do not receive any form of compensation such as stock options, performance incentives and bonuses from the Company. However, all of our directors are entitled to a reasonable per diem for their attendance in Board and Board Committee meetings.

The Board has a duty to keep abreast with the statutory and regulatory requirements affecting the Company and its operations as well as industry developments and trends. In this regard, at the start of the service of a new director, the Chairman, President and CEO, Chief Financial Officer, Corporate Secretary and Chief Governance Officer give a newly appointed director a briefing on the Company’s structure, business, operating and financial highlights, responsibilities of the Board and its Committees and how each operates. The new director is also furnished with copies of all relevant information about Company policies applicable to the directors, including the Company’s Articles, By-Laws, Annual Report, CG Manual, Code of Ethics, and the charters of the Board Committees. Updates on business and governance policies and requirements principally from the Philippine SEC, PSE, U.S. SEC, and NYSE, and new laws applicable or relevant to the Company and its business, particularly on financial reporting and disclosures and corporate governance, are presented in Board meetings and/or furnished to the directors.

To enable our directors to fully apprise themselves of relevant and material information, our CG Manual assures that our directors, both new and currently serving, have access to independent professional advice, at the Company’s expense, as well as access to Management as they may deem necessary to carry out their duties.

Our Board meets monthly and determines the schedule of such meetings at the beginning of the year. At least one meeting is devoted to discussions with senior management on the strategic plans and budget, and the enterprise risk report prepared by senior management through the Group Enterprise Risk Management Department (ERMD). As necessary, our Board reviews the Company’s Vision and Mission together with senior management. Once every quarter, our Board reviews the quarterly financial reports. Periodic reviews of the reports of Board Committees, business operations updates from the heads of our three business segments and network and technology strategic plans are likewise performed.

The Board has a duty to respect, uphold and facilitate the exercise of the rights of the stockholders. These rights are: right to vote; pre-emptive right; right to inspect corporate books and records including minutes of Board meetings and stock registries, subject to certain conditions; right to receive information which is required to be disclosed by the Company pursuant to the Corporation Code or Securities Regulation Code of the Philippines; right to dividends; and appraisal right.

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Pursuant to its aforementioned duty, the Board promotes transparency and fairness in the conduct of the annual and special shareholders’ meetings of the Company. Shareholders are encouraged to personally attend such meetings, raise questions, and exercise their voting rights. Within a reasonable period of time before the meeting, shareholders are apprised of their right to appoint a proxy, in case they could not personally attend such meetings, and give their voting instructions in the proxy form provided. In connection with this, appropriate steps to remove excessive or unnecessary costs and other administrative impediments to stockholders’ participation in meetings, whether in person or by proxy, are undertaken. Relevant and timely information are made available to the stockholders in printed form and through the Company’s website to enable them to make a sound judgment on all matters brought to their attention for consideration or approval. The Board also ensures the timely disclosure and appropriate filing with the Philippine SEC, PSE and, as applicable, U.S. SEC and NYSE, of material information and/or transactions that could potentially affect the market price of the Company’s shares and such other information which are required to be disclosed pursuant to relevant laws and regulations.

It is the Board that leads the Company’s corporate social responsibility initiatives. Through the Board, the Company’s resources and expertise are harnessed to respond to pressing societal issues. The PLDT Group and the PLDT Smart Foundation have continuing projects in the areas of environment, education as well as in disaster response and rehabilitation. The PLDT Group continues to leverage on its business expertise to develop and implement innovative projects in health, community and livelihood development, and youth development and sports.

Our Board looks to ensure the continuity of executive leadership as a critical factor in sustaining the success of the PLDT Group. To this end, a succession planning process referred to as Leadership Succession Planning and Development has been established. This enterprise-wide process covers senior management positions, including the President and CEO. The Board’s involvement in Leadership Succession Planning and Development is performed through its ECC, which reviews and updates the criteria for employment and promotion, as well as any training and development plans for senior management, keeps track of their performance and development, and reviews their potential career paths.

Our directors take part in an annual assessment process which reviews and evaluates the performance of the whole Board, the Board Committees and the individuals that comprise these bodies. The assessment also includes an opportunity to evaluate the performance of the CEO. This process has proven to be useful in identifying the Board’s strengths and areas for improvement and in eliciting individual directors’ feedback and views on the Company’s strategies, performance and future direction.

President and Chief Executive Officer

The President and CEO provides leadership for management in developing and implementing business strategies, plans and budgets. He ensures that the business and affairs of the Company are managed in a sound and prudent manner and that operational, financial and internal controls are adequate and effective to ensure reliability and integrity of financial and operational information, effectiveness and efficiency of operations, safeguarding of assets and compliance with laws, rules, regulations and contracts. The President and CEO, with the assistance of the rest of PLDT’s management, also has the responsibility to provide the Board with a balanced, understandable and accurate account of the Company’s performance, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects, on a regular basis.

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Corporate Secretary

The Corporate Secretary and the Assistant Corporate Secretary are expected to possess appropriate administrative, interpersonal and legal skills, be aware of the laws, rules and regulations necessary in the performance of their duties or responsibilities, and have at least an understanding of basic financial and accounting matters. In equal measure, the Corporate Secretary and the Assistant Secretary must have a working knowledge of the operations of the Company.

The Corporate Secretary is responsible for the safekeeping and preservation of the integrity of the minutes of the meetings of the Board and Board Committees, as well as other official records of the Company. The Corporate Secretary is expected to work fairly and objectively with the Board, Management and stockholders and shall inform the directors of the schedule and agenda of Board meetings and ensure that Management provides the Board with complete and accurate information that will enable the Directors to arrive at intelligent or informed decisions on matters that require their approval. The Corporate Secretary is expected to attend all Board meetings, except for exceptional and justifiable causes that prevent attendance, and must ensure that all Board procedures, rules and regulations are strictly followed by the directors. The current Corporate Secretary is also the Chief Governance Officer of the Company.

Internal Audit Organization

PLDT has an internal audit organization that determines whether our structure of risk management, control and governance processes, as designed and represented by Management, are adequate and functioning to ensure that:

Risks are appropriately identified managed, and/or reported;

Significant financial, managerial, and operating information are accurate, reliable and timely;

Employees’ actions are in compliance with policies, standards, procedures, and applicable laws and regulations;

Resources are acquired economically, used efficiently and adequately protected;

Programs, plans and objectives are achieved;

Quality and continuous improvement are fostered in our control processes; and

Significant legislative or regulatory issues impacting us are recognized and addressed appropriately.

To provide for the independence of the internal audit organization, its personnel report to the head of the internal audit organization, being the Chief Audit Officer/Internal Audit Head, who reports functionally to the Audit Committee and administratively to the President and CEO. The Chief Audit Officer is accountable to Management and the Audit Committee in the discharge of his duties and is required to:

Provide annually an assessment on the adequacy and effectiveness of our processes for controlling our activities and managing our risks;

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Report significant issues related to the processes of controlling our activities, including potential improvements to those processes, and provide information concerning such issues; and

Periodically provide information on the status and results of the annual internal audit plan and the sufficiency of our internal audit organization’s resources.

The Company’s internal audit organization has a charter approved by the Audit Committee that complies with the International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing of The Institute of Internal Auditors, in the discharge of its scope of work and responsibilities.

External Audit

The external auditor is appointed by the Audit Committee which reviews its qualifications, performance and independence. To ensure objectivity in the performance of its duties, the external auditor is subject to the rules on rotation and change (every five years); general prohibitions on hiring of staff of the external auditor; and full and appropriate disclosure and prior approval by the Audit Committee of all audit and non-audit services and related fees for such services. Approval of non-audit work by the external auditor is principally tested against the standard of whether such work will conflict with its role as an independent auditor or would compromise its objectivity or independence as such.

Enterprise Risk Management

Also working in coordination with our internal audit organization and Audit Committee is the PLDT Group ERMD. The complex and dynamic business environment that the PLDT Group operates in gives rise to a variety of risks. The ERMD is in charge of managing an integrated risk management program with the goal of identifying, analyzing and managing the PLDT Group’s risks to an acceptable level, so as to enhance opportunities, reduce threats, and thus sustain competitive advantage.

Chief Governance Officer

The corporate governance compliance system established in the CG Manual includes the designation by the Board of a Chief Governance Officer who reports to the Chairman of the Board and the GNC. The primary responsibilities of the Chief Governance Officer include monitoring compliance with the provisions and requirements of corporate governance laws, rules and regulations, reporting violations and recommending the imposition of disciplinary actions, and adopting measures to prevent the repetition of such violations.

In addition, the Chief Governance Officer assists the Board and the GNC in the performance of their governance functions, including their duties to oversee the formulation or review and implementation of the corporate governance structure and policies of the Company, the establishment of an evaluation system to verify and measure compliance with the CG Manual in relation to related laws, rules and regulations, and to oversee the conduct of a self-assessment of the performance and effectiveness of the Board, the Board Committees, and individual Board members in carrying out their functions.

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Corporate Governance Office

The CGO is responsible for the continuing development, drafting, issuance and review of appropriate corporate governance policies, attending to reports received through the whistleblowing facility, addressing queries and providing opinions or guidance on corporate governance matters to operating units, initiating enforcement actions to ensure compliance with corporate governance policies, and maintaining a corporate governance education and communication program that sees to the development of the proper knowledge, skills, attitudes, and habits that would promote voluntary observance of corporate governance policies.

Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The following table summarizes the fees paid or accrued for services rendered by our independent auditors for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014		2013
	(in millions)

Audit Fees		Php42		Php41
All Other Fees		21		16

Total		Php63		Php57

Audit Fees. This category includes the audit of our annual financial statements, review of interim financial statements and services that are normally provided by the independent auditors in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years.

Audit-Related Fees. Other than the audit fees, we did not have any other audit-related fees for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Tax Fees. We did not have any tax fees for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

All Other Fees. This category consists primarily of fees with respect to our Sarbanes-Oxley Act 404 assessment, educational training regarding transition to the 2013 Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, certain projects and out-of-pocket and incidental expenses.

The fees presented above include out-of-pocket expenses incidental to our independent auditors’ work, the amount of which do not exceed 5% of the agreed-upon engagement fees.

Our audit committee pre-approved all audit and non-audit services as these are proposed or endorsed before these services are performed by our independent auditors.

Audit Committee’s Pre-approval Policies and Procedures

Audit Committee pre-approval of services rendered by our independent auditor follows:

•

The Audit Committee has adopted a policy for pre-approval of audit, audit-related and permitted non-audit services to be rendered by our independent auditor, that should be interpreted in conjunction with the Audit Committees’ policy on auditor independence.

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•

The Audit Committee does not engage our independent auditor for “prohibited services” at any point during the audit and professional engagement period.

•

To ensure the prompt handling of unexpected matters, the Audit Committee may delegate its authority to specifically pre-approve services to one or more of its members. The member(s) to whom such authority is delegated must report any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next regularly scheduled meeting.

•

The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, setting of compensation, retention, removal and oversight of the work of our independent auditor.

Item 16D. Exemption from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

Not applicable.

Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchaser

We did not repurchase any of our shares in the year ended December 31, 2014.

Item 16F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

Not applicable.

Item 16G. Corporate Governance

PLDT is a Philippine company with its shares of common stock listed on the PSE and ADSs listed on the NYSE. As a foreign private issuer, PLDT is permitted under the NYSE listing standards to follow Philippine corporate governance practices on most corporate governance matters, and, accordingly, PLDT complies with the Philippine SEC Governance Code in respect of its corporate governance practices as well as with the NYSE listing standards applicable to foreign private issuers. PLDT’s corporate governance practices are generally consistent with the NYSE listing standards, except that PLDT’s corporate governance practices differ from U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards in the significant ways summarized below.

•

Number of Independent Directors. The NYSE listing standards require a majority of the board of directors to be independent. We have three independent directors out of 13 directors, which meets the requirements under the Philippine SEC Governance Code that at least two members or 20% of the board of directors must be independent.

•

Director Independence Tests. There are differences between the director independence tests applied in PLDT’s corporate governance practice and those under the NYSE listing standards. In some cases, the independence tests set forth in the NYSE listing standards are more stringent than those under PLDT’s corporate governance practice and vice versa.

•

Examples where the NYSE listing standards impose more stringent standards than PLDT’s corporate governance practices include the “auditor affiliation” test. In contrast to the NYSE listing standards, under PLDT’s By-Laws and Board Committee charters, present or previous affiliation or employment of a director’s immediate family member with the external auditors, or a director’s past or present affiliation with a firm that is PLDT’s internal auditor do not preclude a determination that such director is independent.

226

•

Examples where PLDT’s corporate governance practices impose more stringent standards than NYSE listing standards include the look back periods for the independence tests and the “material relationship with the listed company” test. The look back period for each of the “past employment” and the “auditor affiliation” tests under PLDT’s corporate governance practices is five years compared to three years under the NYSE listing standards. Furthermore, in respect of material relationships that preclude an independence finding, PLDT’s Corporate Governance Manual provides that a director who owns more than 2% of the shares of stock of PLDT, or whose relative is, a substantial shareholder of PLDT, any of its related companies or any of its substantial shareholders cannot be considered as independent.

•

Meetings of non-management/independent directors. The NYSE listing standards require regularly scheduled executive sessions of non-management directors without management participation or regularly scheduled executive sessions consisting of only independent directors. PLDT’s Corporate Governance Manual mandates the holding of executive sessions with non-management directors only at least once a year and at such other times as the Board may deem necessary or appropriate.

•

Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee and Compensation Committee. The NYSE listing standards require a listed company to maintain a nominating/corporate governance committee and a compensation committee, both composed entirely of independent directors. Our GNC and our ECC is each normally composed of five voting members, a majority of whom are normally independent directors, which exceeds the requirements under the Philippine SEC Governance Code that one of the at least three voting members of the nominating/corporate governance committee and one of the at least three members of the compensation committee must be independent.

The NYSE listing standards require the compensation committee to conduct an independent assessment with respect to any compensation consultant, legal counsel or other adviser that provides advice to the compensation committee. There is no such requirement under the Philippine SEC Governance Code and PLDT.

•

Audit Committee. As required by NYSE listing standards, PLDT maintains an audit committee in full compliance with Rule 10A-3 promulgated under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 303A.06 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. All of the members of PLDT’s Audit Committee are independent directors meeting the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 as well as those under Section 303A.07 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, except in those areas where our independence tests under the Philippine SEC Governance Code differ from those under the NYSE listing standards, as discussed above.

Item 16H. Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

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PART III

Item 17. Financial Statements

PLDT has elected to provide the financial statements and related information specified in Item 18. “Financial Statements” in lieu of Item 17.

Item 18. Financial Statements

Index to Financial Statements


	Page
PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		229
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		231
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as at December 31, 2014 and 2013		232
Consolidated Income Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012		233
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012		234
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012		235
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012		236
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		238

228

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and the Stockholders

Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company

We have audited Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and its subsidiaries’ (collectively referred to as “PLDT Group”) internal control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 2013 framework (the “COSO criteria”). The PLDT Group’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the PLDT Group’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the PLDT Group maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statements of financial position of the PLDT Group as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated income statements, statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity and statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, and our report dated March 26, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co.

Makati City, Philippines

March 26, 2015

230

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and the Stockholders

Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “PLDT Group”) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated income statements, statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity and statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the PLDT Group’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the PLDT Group as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the PLDT Group’s internal control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 2013 framework and our report dated March 26, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co.

Makati City, Philippines

March 26, 2015

231

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013

(in million pesos)


	2014			2013
ASSETS

Noncurrent Assets
Property, plant and equipment (Notes 3, 5, 9, 13 and 21)		191,984			192,665
Investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits (Notes 3, 4, 10 and 25)		42,046			41,310
Available-for-sale financial investments (Notes 6, 11 and 28)		28,086			220
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments – net of current portion (Notes 12 and 28)		960			2,643
Investment properties (Notes 3, 6, 9 and 13)		1,816			1,222
Goodwill and intangible assets (Notes 3, 14 and 15)		72,842			73,918
Deferred income tax assets – net (Notes 3, 4 and 7)		17,131			14,181
Derivative financial assets – net of current portion (Note 28)		94			24
Prepayments – net of current portion (Notes 3, 19, 25 and 26)		2,924			3,031
Advances and other noncurrent assets – net of current portion (Note 28)		3,218			2,761

Total Noncurrent Assets		361,101			331,975


Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents (Notes 16 and 28)		26,659			31,905
Short-term investments (Note 28)		643			718
Trade and other receivables (Notes 3, 5, 17, 25 and 28)		29,151			17,564
Inventories and supplies (Notes 5 and 18)		3,706			3,164
Current portion of derivative financial assets (Note 28)		2			10
Current portion of investment in debt securities and other long-term investments (Notes 12 and 28)		295			—
Current portion of prepayments (Note 19)		6,406			6,054
Current portion of advances and other noncurrent assets (Notes 20 and 28)		8,332			8,248

Total Current Assets		75,194			67,663

TOTAL ASSETS		436,295			399,638


EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Equity (Note 28)
Non-voting serial preferred stock (Notes 8 and 20)		360			360
Voting preferred stock (Note 20)		150			150
Common stock (Notes 8 and 20)		1,093			1,093
Treasury stock (Notes 8 and 20)		(6,505	)		(6,505	)
Capital in excess of par value (Note 20)		130,521			130,562
Retained earnings (Note 20)		17,030			22,968
Other comprehensive income (Note 6)		(8,285	)		(11,481	)

Total Equity Attributable to Equity Holders of PLDT (Note 28)		134,364			137,147
Noncontrolling interests (Note 6)		304			179

TOTAL EQUITY		134,668			137,326


Noncurrent Liabilities
Interest-bearing financial liabilities – net of current portion (Notes 3, 9, 21 and 28)		115,400			88,930
Deferred income tax liabilities – net (Notes 4 and 7)		4,427			4,437
Derivative financial liabilities – net of current portion (Note 28)		1,460			1,869
Customers’ deposits (Note 28)		2,438			2,545
Pension and other employee benefits (Notes 3, 5 and 26)		13,131			13,439
Deferred credits and other noncurrent liabilities (Notes 3, 5, 9, 22 and 28)		21,924			22,045

Total Noncurrent Liabilities		158,780			133,265

Current Liabilities
Accounts payable (Notes 23, 25, 27 and 28)		40,923			34,882
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Notes 3, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26 and 28)		82,678			74,256
Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities (Notes 3, 9, 21 and 28)		14,729			15,171
Provision for claims and assessments (Notes 3 and 27)		897			897
Dividends payable (Notes 20 and 28)		1,070			932
Current portion of derivative financial liabilities (Note 28)		254			105
Income tax payable (Note 7)		2,296			2,804

Total Current Liabilities		142,847			129,047

TOTAL LIABILITIES		301,627			262,312

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES		436,295			399,638

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

232

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(in million pesos, except earnings per common share amounts which are in pesos)


	2014			2013			2012

REVENUES
Service revenues (Notes 3 and 4)		165,070			164,052			159,738
Non-service revenues (Notes 3, 4 and 5)		5,892			4,279			3,295

		170,962			168,331			163,033


EXPENSES
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3, 4 and 9)		31,379			30,304			32,354
Compensation and employee benefits (Notes 3, 5 and 26)		18,749			21,369			21,999
Repairs and maintenance (Notes 13, 18 and 25)		14,988			13,107			12,604
Cost of sales (Notes 5, 18 and 25)		13,512			11,806			8,747
Selling and promotions (Note 25)		10,619			9,776			9,708
Interconnection costs		10,507			10,610			11,105
Professional and other contracted services (Note 25)		7,748			7,173			6,050
Rent (Notes 3 and 25)		6,605			6,041			5,860
Asset impairment (Notes 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 17, 18 and 28)		6,046			5,543			5,286
Taxes and licenses (Note 27)		4,563			3,925			3,506
Insurance and security services (Note 25)		1,884			1,815			1,564
Communication, training and travel (Note 25)		1,552			1,417			1,353
Amortization of intangible assets (Notes 3, 4 and 15)		1,149			1,020			921
Other expenses		1,156			1,609			1,472

		130,457			125,515			122,529

		40,505			42,816			40,504


OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES)
Equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures (Notes 4 and 10)		3,841			2,742			1,538
Interest income (Notes 4, 5, 12 and 16)		752			932			1,354
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net (Notes 4 and 28)		(101	)		511			(2,009	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net (Notes 4, 9 and 28)		(382	)		(2,893	)		3,282
Financing costs – net (Notes 4, 5, 9, 21 and 28)		(5,320	)		(6,589	)		(6,876	)
Other income – net (Notes 3, 4 and 13)		4,853			4,113			5,813

		3,643			(1,184	)		3,102

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS (Note 4)		44,148			41,632			43,606
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAX (Notes 3, 4 and 7)		10,058			8,248			8,050

NET INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS (Note 4)		34,090			33,384			35,556
NET INCOME FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (Notes 2, 4 and 8)		—			2,069			543

NET INCOME (Note 4)		34,090			35,453			36,099

ATTRIBUTABLE TO:
Equity holders of PLDT (Notes 4 and 8)		34,091			35,420			36,148
Noncontrolling interests (Notes 4 and 8)		(1	)		33			(49	)

		34,090			35,453			36,099

Earnings Per Share Attributable to Common Equity Holders of PLDT (Notes 4 and 8)
Basic		157.51			163.67			167.07
Diluted		157.51			163.67			167.07

Earnings Per Share from Continuing Operations Attributable to Common Equity Holders of PLDT (Notes 4 and 8)
Basic		157.51			154.09			164.55
Diluted		157.51			154.09			164.55

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

233

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(in million pesos)


	2014			2013			2012
NET INCOME (Note 4)		34,090			35,453			36,099
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) – NET OF TAX (Note 6)
Net gains (losses) on available-for-sale financial investments:		8,144			(8	)		23
Gains (losses) from changes in fair value recognized during the year (Note 11)		8,144			(7	)		25
Income tax related to fair value adjustments charged directly to equity (Note 7)		—			(1	)		(2	)
Share in the other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method (Note 10)		34			(92	)		—
Foreign currency translation differences of subsidiaries		(3	)		794			(795	)
Net transactions on cash flow hedges:		(74	)		(16	)		92
Net fair value gains (losses) on cash flow hedges (Note 28)		(94	)		—			92
Income tax related to fair value adjustments charged directly to equity (Note 7)		20			(16	)		—

Net other comprehensive income (loss) to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent years		8,101			678			(680	)

Revaluation increment on investment properties:		364			(1	)		31
Fair value adjustment of property, plant and equipment transferred to investment properties during the year (Note 13)		476			—			1
Depreciation of revaluation increment in investment properties transferred to property, plant and equipment (Note 9)		(2	)		(2	)		(2	)
Income tax related to revaluation increment charged directly to equity (Note 7)		(110	)		1			32
Share in the other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method (Note 10)		(391	)		1,112			—
Actuarial losses on defined benefit obligations:		(4,874	)		(9,156	)		(6,233	)
Remeasurement in actuarial losses on defined benefit obligations		(6,952	)		(13,005	)		(8,885	)
Income tax related to remeasurement adjustments (Note 7)		2,078			3,849			2,652

Net other comprehensive loss not to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent years		(4,901	)		(8,045	)		(6,202	)

Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) – Net of Tax		3,200			(7,367	)		(6,882	)

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME		37,290			28,086			29,217

ATTRIBUTABLE TO:
Equity holders of PLDT		37,287			28,061			29,268
Noncontrolling interests		3			25			(51	)

		37,290			28,086			29,217

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

234

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(in million pesos)


	Preferred Stock			Common Stock		Treasury Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value			Retained Earnings			Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Reserves of a Disposal Group Classified as Held-for-Sale			Total Equity Attributable to Equity Holders of PLDT			Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity
Balances as at January 1, 2014		510			1,093		(6,505	)		130,562			22,968			(11,481	)		—			137,147			179			137,326
Total comprehensive income:		—			—		—			—			34,091			3,196			—			37,287			3			37,290
Net income (Notes 4 and 8)		—			—		—			—			34,091			—			—			34,091			(1	)		34,090
Other comprehensive income (Note 6)		—			—		—			—			—			3,196			—			3,196			4			3,200
Cash dividends (Note 20)		—			—		—			—			(40,029	)		—			—			(40,029	)		(29	)		(40,058	)
Issuance of capital stock – net (Note 20)		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			163			163
Acquisition and dilution of noncontrolling interests (Notes 2 and 14)		—			—		—			(41	)		—			—			—			(41	)		(12	)		(53	)

Balances as at December 31, 2014		510			1,093		(6,505	)		130,521			17,030			(8,285	)		—			134,364			304			134,668


Balances as at January 1, 2013		510			1,093		(6,505	)		130,566			25,416			(3,387	)		(2,143	)		145,550			184			145,734
Total comprehensive income:		—			—		—			—			35,420			(7,359	)		—			28,061			25			28,086
Net income (Notes 4 and 8)		—			—		—			—			35,420			—			—			35,420			33			35,453
Other comprehensive loss (Note 6)		—			—		—			—			—			(7,359	)		—			(7,359	)		(8	)		(7,367	)
Cash dividends (Note 20)		—			—		—			—			(37,868	)		—			—			(37,868	)		(46	)		(37,914	)
Discontinued operations (Notes 2 and 6)		—			—		—			—			—			(735	)		2,143			1,408			—			1,408
Acquisition and dilution of noncontrolling interests		—			—		—			(4	)		—			—			—			(4	)		16			12

Balances as at December 31, 2013		510			1,093		(6,505	)		130,562			22,968			(11,481	)		—			137,147			179			137,326


Balances as at January 1, 2012		4,419			1,085		(6,505	)		127,246			26,160			1,455			—			153,860			386			154,246
Total comprehensive income:		—			—		—			—			36,148			(6,880	)		—			29,268			(51	)		29,217
Net income (Notes 4 and 8)		—			—		—			—			36,148			—			—			36,148			(49	)		36,099
Other comprehensive loss (Note 6)		—			—		—			—			—			(6,880	)		—			(6,880	)		(2	)		(6,882	)
Cash dividends (Note 20)		—			—		—			—			(36,997	)		—			—			(36,997	)		(7	)		(37,004	)
Issuance of capital stock – net (Note 20)		120			8		—			4,423			—			—			—			4,551			—			4,551
Redemption of preferred shares (Note 20)		(4,029	)		—		—			—			—			—			—			(4,029	)		—			(4,029	)
Revaluation increment removed from other comprehensive income taken to retained earnings (Note 6)		—			—		—			—			105			(105	)		—			—			—			—
Discontinued operations (Notes 2 and 6)		—			—		—			—			—			2,143			(2,143	)		—			—			—
Acquisition and dilution of noncontrolling interests		—			—		—			(1,103	)		—			—			—			(1,103	)		(144	)		(1,247	)

Balances as at December 31, 2012		510			1,093		(6,505	)		130,566			25,416			(3,387	)		(2,143	)		145,550			184			145,734

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

235

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(in million pesos)


	2014			2013			2012
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Income before income tax and noncontrolling interest from continuing operations		44,148			41,632			43,606
Income before income tax and noncontrolling interest from discontinued operations (Note 2)		—			2,124			971

Income before income tax (Note 4)		44,148			43,756			44,577
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3, 4 and 9)		31,379			30,457			32,820
Asset impairment (Notes 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 17 and 18)		6,046			5,545			5,289
Interest on loans and other related items – net (Notes 4, 5, 9, 21 and 28)		4,987			4,669			5,430
Pension benefit costs (Notes 3, 5 and 26)		1,702			434			678
Amortization of intangible assets (Notes 3, 4 and 15)		1,149			1,075			1,101
Foreign exchange losses (gains) – net (Notes 4, 9 and 28)		382			2,889			(3,243	)
Incentive plans (Notes 3, 5 and 26)		168			1,749			1,598
Accretion on financial liabilities – net (Notes 5, 21 and 28)		165			1,541			1,053
Losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments – net (Notes 4 and 28)		101			(512	)		1,981
Losses (gains) on disposal of property, plant and equipment (Note 9)		42			86			(51	)
Interest income (Notes 4, 5, 12 and 16)		(752	)		(935	)		(1,370	)
Gains on disposal of associates (Note 10)		(1,448	)		(2,056	)		(1,760	)
Equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures (Notes 4 and 10)		(3,841	)		(2,604	)		(1,538	)
Gain on disposal of investments in subsidiaries		—			(2,404	)		—
Gain on disposal of available-for-sale financial investments		—			—			(2,015	)
Others		(950	)		(401	)		(1,170	)

Operating income before changes in assets and liabilities		83,278			83,289			83,380
Decrease (increase) in:
Trade and other receivables		(10,547	)		(1,790	)		(8,338	)
Inventories and supplies		(507	)		254			386
Prepayments		(150	)		(663	)		97
Advances and other noncurrent assets		(117	)		(59	)		(108	)
Increase (decrease) in:
Accounts payable		5,383			4,299			6,140
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		6,146			2,615			11,112
Pension and other employee benefits		(5,586	)		(2,611	)		(2,245	)
Customers’ deposits		(108	)		17			257
Other noncurrent liabilities		4			(29	)		(205	)

Net cash flows generated from operations		77,796			85,322			90,476
Income taxes paid		(11,781	)		(11,559	)		(10,106	)

Net cash flows from operating activities		66,015			73,763			80,370

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Dividends received (Note 10)		1,855			438			784
Interest received		582			845			1,294
Proceeds from:
Maturity of investment in debt securities		3,022			241			380
Disposal of property, plant and equipment (Note 9)		253			1,546			199
Maturity of short-term investments		110			—			—
Collection of notes receivable		25			—			—
Disposal of investment properties (Note 13)		5			—			108
Disposal of investment (Note 2)		3			12,075			—
Sale of net assets held-for-sale		—			2,298			1,913
Disposal of available-for-sale financial investments		—			—			3,567

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

236

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)

For the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(in million pesos)


	2014			2013			2012
Payments for:
Purchase of short-term investments		(29	)		(114	)		(22	)
Purchase of shares of noncontrolling interests – net of cash acquired		(63	)		(6	)		(841	)
Purchase of subsidiaries – net of cash acquired		(139	)		—			(817	)
Purchase of investments in associates and joint ventures		(300	)		(7	)		(2,842	)
Deposit for future PDRs subscription (Note 10)		(300	)		(5,550	)		(6,000	)
Acquisition of intangible assets (Note 15)		(330	)		(290	)		—
Interest paid – capitalized to property, plant and equipment (Notes 4, 5, 9 and 21)		(442	)		(421	)		(914	)
Purchase of investment in debt securities		(1,420	)		(2,287	)		(208	)
Purchase of available-for-sale financial investments (Note 11)		(19,711	)		(16	)		(4	)
Increase in notes receivable		—			(1,224	)		—
Additions to property, plant and equipment (Notes 4 and 9)		(34,317	)		(28,417	)		(35,482	)
Increase in advances and other noncurrent assets		(490	)		(156	)		(173	)

Net cash flows used in investing activities		(51,686	)		(21,045	)		(39,058	)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from:
Availments of long-term debt (Note 21)		41,329			39,798			50,319
Issuance of capital stock (Note 20)		166			—			227
Availments of long-term financing for capital expenditures		—			868			—
Notes payable		—			—			1,825
Payments for:
Obligations under finance leases		(6	)		(12	)		(12	)
Redemption of shares		(51	)		(5	)		(62	)
Long-term financing for capital expenditures		(84	)		—			(1,471	)
Debt issuance costs (Note 21)		(293	)		(213	)		(121	)
Derivative financial instruments (Note 28)		(596	)		(453	)		(1,126	)
Interest – net of capitalized portion (Notes 5 and 21)		(4,736	)		(4,959	)		(5,355	)
Long-term debt (Note 21)		(15,726	)		(57,033	)		(45,341	)
Cash dividends (Note 20)		(39,900	)		(37,804	)		(36,934	)
Redemption of liabilities		—			—			(289	)
Trust fund for redemption of shares		—			—			(5,561	)
Notes payable		—			—			(4,727	)

Net cash flows used in financing activities		(19,897	)		(59,813	)		(48,628	)

NET EFFECT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		322			704			(445	)

NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(5,246	)		(6,391	)		(7,761	)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF THE YEAR (Note 16)		31,905			38,296			46,057

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF THE YEAR (Note 16)		26,659			31,905			38,296

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

237

PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.	Corporate Information

The Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company, or PLDT, or the Parent Company, was incorporated under the old Corporation Law of the Philippines (Act 1459, as amended) on November 28, 1928, following the merger of four telephone companies under common U.S. ownership. Under its amended Articles of Incorporation, PLDT’s corporate term is currently limited through 2028. In 1967, effective control of PLDT was sold by the General Telephone and Electronics Corporation, then a major shareholder since PLDT’s incorporation, to a group of Filipino businessmen. In 1981, in furtherance of the then existing policy of the Philippine government to integrate the Philippine telecommunications industry, PLDT purchased substantially all of the assets and liabilities of the Republic Telephone Company, which at that time was the second largest telephone company in the Philippines. In 1998, certain subsidiaries of First Pacific Company Limited, or First Pacific, and its Philippine affiliates (collectively the First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates), acquired a significant interest in PLDT. On March 24, 2000, NTT Communications Corporation, or NTT Communications, through its wholly-owned subsidiary NTT Communications Capital (UK) Ltd., became PLDT’s strategic partner with approximately 15% economic and voting interest in the issued and outstanding common stock of PLDT at that time. Simultaneous with NTT Communications’ investment in PLDT, the latter acquired 100% of Smart Communications, Inc., or Smart. On March 14, 2006, NTT DOCOMO, Inc., or NTT DOCOMO, acquired from NTT Communications approximately 7% of PLDT’s then outstanding common shares held by NTT Communications with NTT Communications retaining ownership of approximately 7% of PLDT’s common shares. Since March 14, 2006, NTT DOCOMO has made additional purchases of shares of PLDT, and together with NTT Communications beneficially owned approximately 20% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at December 31, 2014. NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO are subsidiaries of NTT Holding Company. On February 28, 2007, Metro Pacific Asset Holdings, Inc., a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific, completed the acquisition of an approximately 46% interest in Philippine Telecommunications Investment Corporation, or PTIC, a shareholder of PLDT. This investment in PTIC represented an attributable interest of approximately 6% of the then outstanding common shares of PLDT and thereby raised First Pacific Group’s and its Philippine affiliates’ beneficial ownership to approximately 28% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at that date. Since then, First Pacific Group’s beneficial ownership interest in PLDT decreased by approximately 2%, mainly due to the holders of Exchangeable Notes, which were issued in 2005 by a subsidiary of First Pacific and exchangeable into PLDT shares owned by First Pacific Group, who fully exchanged their notes. First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates had beneficial ownership of approximately 26% in PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at December 31, 2014. On October 26, 2011, PLDT completed the acquisition of a controlling interest in Digital Telecommunications Phils., Inc., or Digitel, from JG Summit Holdings, Inc., or JGSHI, and its affiliates, or JG Summit Group. As payment for the assets acquired from JGSHI, PLDT issued approximately 27.7 million common shares. In November 2011, JGSHI sold 5.81 million and 4.56 million PLDT shares to a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and NTT DOCOMO, respectively, pursuant to separate option agreements that JGSHI had entered into with a Philippine affiliate of First Pacific and NTT DOCOMO, respectively. As at December 31, 2014, the JG Summit Group beneficially owned approximately 8% of PLDT’s outstanding common shares.

238

On October 16, 2012, PLDT and BTF Holdings, Inc., or BTFHI, a wholly-owned company of the Board of Trustees for the Account of the Beneficial Trust Fund, or PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, created pursuant to PLDT’s Benefit Plan, subscribed to 150 million newly issued shares of Voting Preferred Stock of PLDT, or Voting Preferred Shares, at a subscription price of Php1.00 per share for a total subscription price of Php150 million pursuant to a subscription agreement between BTFHI and PLDT dated October 15, 2012. As a result of the issuance of Voting Preferred Shares, the voting power of the NTT Group (NTT DOCOMO and NTT Communications), First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates, and JG Summit Group was reduced to 12%, 15% and 5%, respectively, as at December 31, 2014. See Note 20 – Equity – Voting Preferred Stock and Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies – In the Matter of the Wilson Gamboa Case and Jose M. Roy III Petition.

The common shares of PLDT are listed and traded on the Philippine Stock Exchange, Inc., or PSE. On October 19, 1994, an American Depositary Receipt, or ADR, facility was established, pursuant to which Citibank N.A., as the depositary, issued American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, with each ADS representing one PLDT common share with a par value of Php5 per share. Effective February 10, 2003, PLDT appointed JP Morgan Chase Bank as successor depositary for PLDT’s ADR facility. The ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, in the United States and are traded on the NYSE under the symbol “PHI”. There were approximately 43 million ADSs outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

PLDT and our Philippine-based fixed line and wireless subsidiaries operate under the jurisdiction of the Philippine National Telecommunications Commission, or NTC, which jurisdiction extends, among other things, to approving major services offered and certain rates charged to customers.

We are the leading telecommunications service provider in the Philippines. Through our three business segments (Wireless, Fixed Line and Others), we offer the largest and most diversified range of telecommunications services across the Philippines’ most extensive fiber optic backbone and wireless, fixed line and satellite networks. Our principal activities are discussed in Note 4 – Operating Segment Information.

Our registered office address is Ramon Cojuangco Building, Makati Avenue, Makati City, Philippines.

Our consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were approved and authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on March 26, 2015, as reviewed and recommended for approval by the Audit Committee on March 17, 2015.

239

2.	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Preparation

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRSs, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB. The Parent Company files its separate financial statements with the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission, or Philippine SEC.

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis, except for derivative financial instruments, available-for-sale financial investments, certain short-term investments and investment properties that have been measured at fair values.

Our consolidated financial statements are presented in Philippine peso, PLDT’s functional and presentation currency, and all values are rounded to the nearest million, except when otherwise indicated.

240

Basis of Consolidation

Our consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of PLDT and the following subsidiaries (collectively, the “PLDT Group”) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


			Percentage of Ownership
	Place of		2014				2013
Name of Subsidiary	Incorporation	Principal Business Activity	Direct		Indirect		Direct		Indirect

Wireless
Smart:	Philippines	Cellular mobile services		100.0		—		100.0		—
Smart Broadband, Inc., or SBI, and Subsidiary	Philippines	Internet broadband distribution services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Primeworld Digital Systems, Inc., or PDSI	Philippines	Internet broadband distribution services		—		100.0		—		100.00
I-Contacts Corporation	Philippines	Call center services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Smart e-Money, Inc., or SMI, (formerly Smarthub, Inc.)^(a)	Philippines	Provide and market certain mobile payment services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Smart Money Holdings Corporation, or SMHC	Cayman Islands	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Far East Capital Limited, or FECL, and Subsidiary, or FECL Group	Cayman Islands	Cost effective offshore financing and risk management activities for Smart		—		100.0		—		100.00
PH Communications Holdings Corporation	Philippines	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Francom Holdings, Inc.:	Philippines	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Connectivity Unlimited Resource Enterprise, or CURE	Philippines	Cellular mobile services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Chikka Holdings Limited, or Chikka, and Subsidiaries, or Chikka Group	British Virgin Islands	Content provider, mobile applications development and services		—		100.0		—		100.00
elnnovations Holdings Pte. Ltd. (formerly Smarthub Pte. Ltd.), or eInnovations^(b):	Singapore	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.00
Takatack Pte. Ltd., or Takatack, (formerly SmartConnect Global Pte. Ltd.)^(c)	Singapore	Development of leading enhanced data rates for GSM evolution, voice communications and information technology, or IT, based solutions		—		100.0		—		100.00
3^rd Brand Pte. Ltd., or 3^rd Brand	Singapore	Solutions and systems integration services		—		85.0		—		85.0
Voyager Innovations, Inc., or Voyager^(d)	Philippines	Mobile applications development and services		—		100.0		—		100.00
Wifun, Inc., or Wifun^(e)	Philippines	Software developer and selling of WiFi access equipment		—		87.0		—		—
Telesat, Inc.^(f)	Philippines	Satellite communications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
ACeS Philippines Cellular Satellite Corporation, or ACeS Philippines	Philippines	Satellite information and messaging services		88.5		11.5		88.5		11.5
Digitel Mobile Philippines, Inc., or DMPI, (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Digitel)	Philippines	Cellular mobile services		—		99.6		—		99.6
Fixed Line
PLDT Clark Telecom, Inc., or ClarkTel	Philippines	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT Subic Telecom, Inc., or SubicTel	Philippines	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT Global Corporation, or PLDT Global, and Subsidiaries	British Virgin Islands	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
Smart-NTT Multimedia, Inc.^(f)	Philippines	Data and network services		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT-Philcom, Inc., or Philcom, and Subsidiaries, or Philcom Group	Philippines	Telecommunications services		100.0		—		100.0		—
ePLDT, Inc., or ePLDT:	Philippines	Information and communications infrastructure for internet-based services, e-commerce, customer relationship management and IT related services		100.0		—		100.0		—

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			Percentage of Ownership
	Place of		2014				2013
Name of Subsidiary	Incorporation	Principal Business Activity	Direct		Indirect		Direct		Indirect
IP Converge Data Services, Inc., or IPCDSI, and Subsidiary, or IPCDSI Group^(g)	Philippines	Information and communications infrastructure for internet-based services, e-commerce, customer relationship management and IT related services		—		100.0		—		100.0
iPlus Intelligent Network, Inc., or iPlus^(h)	Philippines	Managed IT outsourcing		—		—		—		100.0
Curo Teknika, Inc., or Curo⁽ⁱ⁾	Philippines	Managed IT outsourcing		—		100.0		—		100.0
ABM Global Solutions, Inc., or AGS, and Subsidiaries, or AGS Group^(j)	Philippines	Internet-based purchasing, IT consulting and professional services		—		99.8		—		99.2
ePDS, Inc., or ePDS	Philippines	Bills printing and other related value-added services, or VAS		—		67.0		—		67.0
netGames, Inc.^(f)	Philippines	Gaming support services		—		57.5		—		57.5
Digitel:	Philippines	Telecommunications services		99.6		—		99.6		—
Digitel Capital Philippines Ltd., or DCPL^(k)	British Virgin Islands	Telecommunications services		—		99.6		—		99.6
Digitel Information Technology Services, Inc.^(l)	Philippines	Internet services		—		99.6		—		99.6
PLDT-Maratel, Inc., or Maratel	Philippines	Telecommunications services		98.0		—		98.0		—
Bonifacio Communications Corporation, or BCC	Philippines	Telecommunications, infrastructure and related VAS		75.0		—		75.0		—
Pacific Global One Aviation Co., Inc., or PG1^(m)	Philippines	Air transportation business		65.0		—		50.0		—
Pilipinas Global Network Limited, or PGNL, and Subsidiaries⁽ⁿ⁾	British Virgin Islands	Internal distributor of Filipino channels and content		64.6		—		60.0		—
Others
PLDT Global Investments Holdings, Inc., or PGIH, (formerly SPi Global Holdings, Inc.)^(o)	Philippines	Investment company		100.0		—		100.0		—
PLDT Digital Investments Pte. Ltd., or PLDT Digital, and Subsidiary^(p)	Singapore	Investment company		100.0		—		—		—
Mabuhay Investments Corporation, or MIC^(f)	Philippines	Investment company		67.0		—		67.0		—
PLDT Global Investments Corporation, or PGIC	British Virgin Islands	Investment company		—		100.0		—		100.0
PLDT Communications and Energy Ventures, Inc., or PCEV	Philippines	Investment company		—		99.9		—		99.8

^(a)

On July 12, 2013, the Philippine SEC approved the change in the business name of Smarthub, Inc. to Smart e-Money, Inc.

^(b)

On February 24, 2015, the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority of Singapore approved the change in the business name of Smart Hub Pte. Ltd. to elnnovations.

^(c)

On September 29, 2013, by a special resolution of the Board of Directors of SmartConnect Global Pte. Ltd., resolved to change its registered business name to Takatack Pte. Ltd.

^(d)

On January 7, 2013, Voyager was registered with the Philippine SEC to provide mobile applications development and services.

^(e)

On November 18, 2014, Smart acquired an 86.96% equity interest in Wifun. See Note 14 – Business Combinations – Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun.

^(f)

Ceased commercial operations.

^(g)

On January 28, 2014, IPCDSI acquired a 100% equity interest in Rack I.T. Data Center, Inc., or Rack IT. See Note 14 – Business Combinations – IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack IT.

^(h)

On April 8, 2014, ePLDT sold its 100% stake in iPlus through a management buyout for a consideration of Php42 million.

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⁽ⁱ⁾

On October 30, 2013, Curo was incorporated to take-on the Outsourced IT Services as a result of the spin-off of iPlus.

^(j)

In 2014, ePLDT acquired an additional 0.6% equity interest in AGS from its minority shareholders thereby increasing ePLDT’s ownership in AGS from 99.2% to 99.8%.

^(k)

Liquidated in January 2013.

^(l)

Corporate life shortened until June 2013.

^(m)

⁽ⁿ⁾

^(o)

^(p)

On August 1, 2014, PLDT Digital was incorporated to be the holding company of PLDT Online Investments Pte. Ltd., or PLDT Online, an entity that holds an investment in Rocket Internet AG, or Rocket. See Note 11 – Available-for-Sale Financial Investments – PLDT Online’s Investment in Rocket.

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which the PLDT Group obtains control, and continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases. We control an investee when we are exposed, or have rights, to variable returns from our involvement with the investee and when we have the ability to affect those returns through our power over the investee.

The financial statements of our subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as PLDT. We prepare our consolidated financial statements using uniform accounting policies for like transactions and other events with similar circumstances. All intra-group balances, income and expenses, unrealized gains and losses and dividends resulting from intra-group transactions are eliminated in full.

Noncontrolling interests share in losses even if the losses exceed the noncontrolling equity interest in the subsidiary.

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without loss of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction.

If the PLDT Group loses control over a subsidiary, it: (a) derecognizes the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary; (b) derecognizes the carrying amount of any noncontrolling interest; (c) derecognizes the cumulative translation differences recorded in equity; (d) recognizes the fair value of the consideration received; (e) recognizes the fair value of any investment retained; (f) recognizes any surplus or deficit in profit or loss; and (g) reclassifies the parent’s share of components previously recognized in other comprehensive income to profit or loss or retained earnings, as appropriate.

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PCEV’s Common Stock

On November 2, 2011, the Board of Directors of PCEV authorized PCEV’s management to take such steps necessary for the voluntary delisting of PCEV from the PSE in accordance with the PSE Rules on Voluntary Delisting. On December 2, 2011, PCEV’s Board of Directors also created a special committee to review and evaluate any tender offer to be made by Smart (as the owner of 99.51% of the outstanding common shares of PCEV) to purchase the shares owned by the remaining noncontrolling shareholders representing 0.49% of the outstanding common stock of PCEV. Smart’s tender offer commenced on March 19, 2012 and ended on April 18, 2012, with approximately 25.1 million shares, or 43.4% of PCEV’s noncontrolling shares tendered, thereby increasing Smart’s ownership to 99.7% of the outstanding common stock of PCEV at that time. The aggregate cost of the tender offer paid by Smart to noncontrolling shareholders on April 30, 2012 amounted to Php115 million. PCEV filed its petition with the PSE for voluntary delisting on March 19, 2012. On April 25, 2012, the PSE approved the petition for voluntary delisting and PCEV’s shares were delisted and ceased to be tradable on the PSE effective May 18, 2012.

Following the voluntary delisting of the common stock of PCEV from the PSE on May 18, 2012, PCEV’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved on June 6, 2012 and July 31, 2012, respectively, the following resolutions and amendments to the articles of incorporation of PCEV: to decrease the authorized capital stock of PCEV, increase the par value of PCEV’s common stock (and thereby decrease the number of shares of such common stock) and decrease the number of shares of preferred stock of PCEV as follows:


	Prior to Amendments						After Amendments
	Authorized Capital		Number of Shares		Par Value		Authorized Capital		Number of Shares		Par Value
Common Stock	Php	12,060,000,000		12,060,000,000	Php	1	Php	12,060,006,000		574,286	Php	21,000
Class I Preferred Stock		240,000,000		120,000,000		2		66,661,000		33,330,500		2
Class II Preferred Stock		500,000,000		500,000,000		1		50,000,000		50,000,000		1

Total Authorized Capital Stock	Php	12,800,000,000					Php	12,176,667,000

The decrease in authorized capital and amendments to the articles of incorporation were approved by the Philippine SEC on October 8, 2012. As a result of the increase in the par value of PCEV common stock, each multiple of 21,000 shares of PCEV common stock, par value Php1, was reduced to one PCEV share of common stock, with a par value of Php21,000. Shareholdings of less than 21,000 shares or in excess of an integral multiple of 21,000 shares of PCEV which could not be replaced with fractional shares were paid the fair value of such residual shares equivalent to Php4.50 per share of pre-amendments PCEV common stock, the same amount as the tender offer price paid by Smart during the last tender offer conducted from March 19 to April 18, 2012.

As a consequence of the foregoing, the number of outstanding shares of PCEV common stock decreased to 555,716 from 11,683,156,455 (exclusive of treasury shares).

244

In 2014, the number of holders of PCEV common stock decreased to 97. Because the number of shareholders became less than 100, PCEV filed a petition to the Philippine SEC for the suspension of duty to file reports under Section 17 of the Philippine SEC Regulation Code on December 22, 2014. As at March 26, 2015, PCEV is still awaiting for the decision of the Philippine SEC.

Divestment of CURE

On October 26, 2011, PLDT received the Order issued by the NTC approving the application jointly filed by PLDT and Digitel for the sale and transfer of approximately 51.6% of the outstanding common stock of Digitel to PLDT. The approval of the application was subject to conditions which included the divestment by PLDT of CURE, in accordance with the Divestment Plan, as follows:

•

CURE is obligated to sell its Red Mobile business to Smart consisting primarily of its subscriber base, brand and fixed assets; and

•

Smart is obligated to sell all of its rights and interests in CURE whose remaining assets will consist of its congressional franchise, 10 MHz of 3G frequency in the 2100 band and related permits.

In compliance with the commitments in the divestment plan, CURE completed the sale and transfer of its Red Mobile business to Smart on June 30, 2012 for a total consideration of Php18 million through a series of transactions, which included: (a) the sale of CURE’s Red Mobile trademark to Smart; (b) the transfer of CURE’s existing Red Mobile subscriber base to Smart; and (c) the sale of CURE’s fixed assets to Smart at net book value.

In a letter dated July 26, 2012, Smart informed the NTC that it has complied with the terms and conditions of the divestment plan as CURE had rearranged its assets, such that, except for assets necessary to pay off obligations due after June 30, 2012 and certain tax assets, CURE’s only remaining assets as at June 30, 2012 were its congressional franchise, the 10 MHz of 3G frequency in the 2100 band and related permits.

245

In a letter dated September 10, 2012, Smart informed the NTC that the minimum Cost Recovery Amount, or CRA, to enable the PLDT Group to recover its investment in CURE includes, among others, the total cost of equity investments in CURE, advances from Smart for operating requirements, advances from stockholders and associated funding costs. Smart also informed the NTC that the divestment will be undertaken through an auction sale of CURE’s shares of stock to the winning bidder and submitted CURE’s audited financial statements as at June 30, 2012 to the NTC. In a letter dated January 21, 2013, the NTC referred the computation of the CRA to the Commissioners of the NTC. Smart sent a reply agreeing to the proposal and is awaiting advice from the NTC on the bidding and auction of the 3G license of CURE.

As at March 26, 2015, CURE is still waiting for advice from the NTC on how to proceed with the planned divestment.

Due to the planned divestment, franchise and licenses related to CURE qualify as noncurrent assets held-for-sale as at December 31, 2014. However, these were not presented separately in our consolidated statements of financial position as the carrying amounts are not material.

Discontinued Operations

On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO segment, which sale was completed in April 2013. The results of operations of our BPO business for the four months ended April 30, 2013 and for the year ended December 31, 2012 were presented as discontinued operations. See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Assets Classified as Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations.

On February 5, 2013, PLDT entered into an agreement to sell the BPO business owned by its wholly-owned subsidiary, PGIH, to Asia Outsourcing Gamma Limited, or AOGL, a company controlled by CVC Capital Partners, or CVC. The sale of the BPO business was completed on April 30, 2013. PLDT reinvested approximately US$40 million of the proceeds from the sale in our acquisition of shares of Asia Outsourcing Beta Limited, or Beta, resulting in an approximately 18.24% economic interest, and will continue to participate in the growth of the business as a partner of CVC. Pursuant to the completion of the sale, PLDT is subject to certain obligations, including: (1) an obligation, for a period of five years, not to carry on or be engaged or concerned or interested in or assist any business which competes with the business process outsourcing business as carried on at the relevant time or at any time in the 12 months prior to such time in any territory in which business is carried on (excluding activities in the ordinary course of PLDT’s business); and (2) an obligation, for a period of five years, to provide certain transitional services on a most-favored-nation basis (i.e., no less favorable material terms (including pricing) than those offered by PLDT or any of its controlled affiliates to any other customer in relation to services substantially similar to those provided or to be provided to AOGL and/or its designated companies). In addition, PLDT may be liable for certain damages actually suffered by AOGL until the time of sale arising out of, among others, breach of representation, tax matters and non-compliance with Indian employment laws by SPi Technologies India Pvt. Ltd., a joint subsidiary of SPi Technologies, Inc., or SPi, and SPi India Holdings (Mauritius), Inc., for the transactions that transpired up to the time of sale.

246

The results of the BPO segment, net of intercompany transactions, classified as discontinued operations for the four months ended April 30, 2013 (closing period of the sale) and for the year ended December 31, 2012 are as follows:


	April 30,			December 31,
	2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Revenues (Notes 3 and 4)		3,132			9,142

Expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits (Notes 3 and 26)		2,047			5,630
Professional and other contracted services (Note 25)		267			654
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3, 4 and 9)		153			466
Repairs and maintenance (Note 25)		129			428
Communication, training and travel		118			361
Rent (Notes 3 and 25)		86			263
Amortization of intangible assets (Notes 3 and 15)		55			180
Selling and promotions		27			78
Insurance and security services (Note 25)		21			63
Taxes and licenses		14			43
Asset impairment (Note 5)		—			3
Other expenses		57			110

		2,974			8,279

		158			863

Other income (expenses):
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net		4			(39	)
Interest income		3			16
Gains on derivative financial instruments – net		1			28
Financing costs		(4	)		(24	)
Other income – net*		1,962			127

		1,966			108

Income before income tax from discontinued operations		2,124			971
Provision for income tax (Notes 3 and 7)		55			428

Income after tax from discontinued operations (Note 8)		2,069			543


Earnings per share (Note 8):
Basic – income from discontinued operations		9.58			2.52
Diluted – income from discontinued operations		9.58			2.52

*	Includes gain on sale of BPO business of Php2,164 million in 2013.

As indicated above, the sale of BPO segment was completed on April 30, 2013. Thus, our consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2013 do not include any assets and liabilities of the BPO segment.

247

The net cash flows used by the BPO segment for the four months ended April 30, 2013 (closing period of the sale) and for the year ended December 31, 2012 are as follows:


	April 30,			December 31,
	2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Operating activities		144			1,926
Investing activities		(1,202	)		(712	)
Financing activities		(10	)		(608	)
Net effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(67	)		(45	)

Net cash outflow		(1,135	)		561

PLDT’s Acquisition of Subscription Assets of Digitel

IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack IT

On January 28, 2014, IPCDSI entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement with a third party to acquire 100% ownership of Rack IT for a total purchase price of Php164 million. Rack IT was incorporated to engage in the business of providing data center services, encompassing all the information technology and facility-related components or activities that support the projects and operations of a data center. The Sucat Data Center held its inauguration on December 3, 2014. Rack IT started commercial operations on February 20, 2015. See Note 14 – Business Combinations – IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack IT for more details.

PLDT’s Acquisition of Additional Shares of PG1

248

ePLDT’s Acquisition of Shares of AGS’ Minority Stockholders

Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun

On November 18, 2014, Smart acquired an 86.96% equity interest in Wifun for total cash consideration of Php70 million, of which Php35 million was paid in December 2014, Php6 million is payable in April 2015 and Php29 million is payable upon capital call of Wifun. Wifun was incorporated in the Philippines in 2013 and is engaged in the business of selling software solutions, telecommunications equipment and gadgets, and providing WiFi access. See Note 14 – Business Combinations – Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun.

Investment in mePay Operations Philippines, Inc., or mePay Ops

Changes in Accounting Policies and Disclosures

Our accounting policies adopted in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements are consistent with those of the previous financial year, except for the adoption of the following new standards and interpretations:

Amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS 12 and International Accounting Standards, or IAS, 27 – Investment Entities. These amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014. They provide an exception to the consolidation requirement for entities that meet the definition of an investment entity under IFRS 10, Consolidated Financial Statements. The exception to consolidation requires investment entities to account for subsidiaries at fair value through profit or loss. The amendments must be applied retrospectively, subject to certain transition relief. These amendments are not relevant to us since none of our investees qualify as an investment entity under IFRS 10.

Amendments to IAS 32, Financial Instruments: Presentation – Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. These amendments to IAS 32 clarify the meaning of “currently has a legally enforceable right to set-off” and also clarify the application of the IAS 32 offsetting criteria to settlement systems (such as central clearing house systems) which apply gross settlement mechanisms that are not simultaneous. These amendments have no impact on our financial position or performance. The amendments to IAS 32 are applied retrospectively for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

Amendments to IAS 36, Impairment of Assets Recoverable Amount of Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets. These amendments remove the unintended consequences of IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement, on the disclosures required under IAS 36. In addition, these amendments require disclosure of the recoverable amounts for the assets cash-generating units, or CGUs, for which impairment loss has been recognized or reversed during the period. The amendments are to be applied retrospectively for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014 but cannot be applied in periods (including comparative periods) in which IFRS 13 is not applied. The amendments affect disclosures only and have no significant impact on our financial position or performance.

249

Amendments to IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement – Novation of Derivatives and Continuation of Hedge Accounting. These amendments provide relief from discontinuing hedge accounting when novation of a derivative designated as a hedging instrument meets certain criteria and retrospective application is required. We have not novated our derivatives during the current year. However, these amendments would be considered for future novations.

IFRIC 21, Levies. The interpretation clarifies that an entity recognizes a liability for a levy when the activity that triggers payment, as identified by the relevant legislation, occurs. For a levy that is triggered upon reaching a minimum threshold, the interpretation clarifies that no liability should be anticipated before the specified minimum threshold is reached. The interpretation has no significant impact on our financial position or performance as we have applied the recognition principle under IAS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, consistent with the requirements of the IFRIC 21 in prior years. Retrospective application is required for IFRIC 21.

Improvements to IFRS

The Annual Improvements to IFRSs (2010-2012 Cycle) contain necessary but non-urgent amendments to the following standards:

IFRS 2, Share-based Payment – Definition of Vesting Condition. This improvement revised the definitions of vesting condition and market condition, and added the definitions of performance condition and service condition to clarify various issues. This amendment shall be prospectively applied to share-based payment transactions for which the grant date is on or after July 1, 2014. This amendment does not apply to us as we have no share-based payments.

IFRS 3, Business Combinations – Accounting for Contingent Consideration in a Business Combination. The amendment clarifies that a contingent consideration that meets the definition of a financial instrument should be classified as a financial liability or as equity in accordance with IAS 32. Contingent consideration that is not classified as equity is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss whether or not it falls within the scope of IAS 39. The amendment shall be prospectively applied to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after July 1, 2014. We shall consider this amendment for future business combinations.

IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement – Short-term Receivables and Payables. The amendment clarifies that short-term receivables and payables with no stated interest rates can be held at invoice amounts when the effect of discounting is immaterial. This amendment has no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The Annual Improvements to IFRS (2011-2013 Cycle) contain necessary but non-urgent amendments to IFRS 1, First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards – Meaning of “Effective IFRSs”. The amendment clarifies that an entity may choose to apply either a current standard or a new standard that is not yet mandatory, but that permits early application, provided either standard is applied consistently throughout the periods presented in the entity’s first IFRS financial statements. This amendment is not applicable to us as we are not a first-time adopter of IFRS.

250

We have not early adopted any standard, interpretation or amendment that has been issued but is not yet effective.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The following is the summary of significant accounting policies we applied in preparing our consolidated financial statements:

Business Combinations and Goodwill

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the consideration transferred, measured at acquisition date fair value, and the amount of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. For each business combination, we elect whether to measure the components of the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree that are present ownership interest and entitle their holders to a proportionate share of the net assets in the event of liquidation either at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.

When we acquire a business, we assess the financial assets and liabilities assumed for appropriate classification and designation in accordance with the contractual terms, economic circumstances and pertinent conditions as at the acquisition date. This includes the separation of embedded derivatives in host contracts by the acquiree.

If the business combination is achieved in stages, the previously held equity interest is remeasured at its acquisition date fair value and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss. The fair value of previously held equity interest is then included in the amount of total consideration transferred.

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the acquirer will be recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Contingent consideration classified as an asset or liability that is a financial instrument and within the scope of IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, is measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized either in profit or loss or as a change in other comprehensive income. If the contingent consideration is not within the scope of IAS 39, it is measured in accordance with the appropriate IFRS. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not remeasured and subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity.

251

Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for noncontrolling interests and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If the fair value of the net assets acquired is in excess of the aggregate consideration transferred, we reassess whether we correctly identified all of the assets acquired and all of the liabilities assumed and review the procedures used to measure the amounts to be recognized at the acquisition date. If the reassessment still results in an excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the aggregate consideration transferred, then the gain in the form of negative goodwill is recognized in profit or loss.

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, we report in our consolidated financial statements provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. During the measurement period which is no longer than one year from the acquisition date, the provisional amounts recognized at acquisition date are retrospectively adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date. During the measurement period, we also recognize additional assets or liabilities if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date and, if known, would have resulted in the recognition of those assets and liabilities as of that date.

After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of our CGUs that are expected to benefit from the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquiree are assigned to those units.

Where goodwill acquired in a business combination has yet to be allocated to identifiable CGUs because the initial accounting is incomplete, such provisional goodwill is not tested for impairment unless indicators of impairment exist and we can reliably allocate the carrying amount of goodwill to a CGU or group of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination.

Where goodwill forms part of a CGU and part of the operation within that unit is disposed of, the goodwill associated with the operation disposed of is included in the carrying amount of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal of the operation. Goodwill disposed of in this circumstance is measured based on the relative values of the operation disposed of and the portion of the CGU retained.

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Investments in Associates

An associate is an entity in which we have significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but has no control or joint control over those policies. The existence of significant influence is presumed to exist when we hold 20% or more, but less than 50% of the voting power of another entity. Significant influence is also exemplified when we have one or more of the following: (a) a representation on the board of directors or the equivalent governing body of the investee; (b) participation in policy-making processes, including participation in decisions about dividends or other distributions; (c) material transactions with the investee; (d) interchange managerial personnel with the investee; or (e) provision of essential technical information.

Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and are initially recognized at cost. The cost of the investments includes transaction costs. The details of our investments in associates are disclosed in Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investments in Associates.

Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is carried in our consolidated statement of financial position at cost plus post acquisition changes in our share of net assets of the associate. Goodwill relating to an associate is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is not amortized nor individually tested for impairment. Our consolidated income statement reflects our share in the financial performance of our associates. Where there has been a change recognized directly in the equity of the associate, we recognize our share in such change and disclose this, when applicable, in our consolidated statements: (1) statement of comprehensive income; and (2) statement of changes in equity. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from our transactions with and among our associates are eliminated to the extent of our interest in those associates.

Our share in the profits or losses of our associates is shown on the face of our consolidated income statement. This is the profit or loss attributable to equity holders of the associate and therefore is profit or loss after tax and net of noncontrolling interest in the subsidiaries of the associate.

When our share of losses exceeds our interest in an equity-accounted investee, the carrying amount of the investment, including any long-term interests that form part thereof, is reduced to zero, and the recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that we have an obligation or have made payments on behalf of the investee.

Our reporting dates and that of our associates are identical and our associates’ accounting policies conform to those used by us for like transactions and events in similar circumstances. When necessary, adjustments are made to bring such accounting policies in line with our policies.

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After application of the equity method, we determine whether it is necessary to recognize an additional impairment loss on our investments in associates. We determine at the end of each reporting period whether there is any objective evidence that our investment in associate is impaired. If this is the case, we calculate the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of our investment in the associate and its carrying value and recognize the amount in our consolidated income statement.

Upon loss of significant influence over the associate, we measure and recognize any retained investment at its fair value. Any difference between the carrying amounts of our investment in the associate upon loss of significant influence and the fair value of the remaining investment and proceeds from disposal is recognized in profit or loss.

Joint Arrangements

Joint arrangements are arrangements with respect to which we have joint control, established by contracts requiring unanimous consent from the parties sharing control for decisions about the activities that significantly affect the arrangements’ returns. They are classified and accounted for as follows:

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Joint operation – when we have rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to an arrangement, we account for each of our assets, liabilities and transactions, including our share of those held or incurred jointly, in relation to the joint operation.

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Joint venture – when we have rights only to the net assets of the arrangements, we account for our interest using the equity method, the same as our accounting for investments in associates.

The financial statements of the joint venture are prepared for the same reporting period as our consolidated financial statements. Where necessary, adjustments are made to bring the accounting policies of the joint venture in line with our policies. The details of our investments in joint ventures are disclosed in Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investments in Joint Ventures.

Adjustments are made in our consolidated financial statements to eliminate our share of unrealized gains and losses on transactions between us and our joint venture. The joint venture is carried at equity method until the date on which we cease to have joint control over the joint venture.

Upon loss of joint control over the joint venture, we measure and recognize our retained investment at fair value. Any difference between the carrying amount of the former joint venture upon loss of joint control and the fair value of the remaining investment and proceeds from disposal is recognized in profit or loss. When the remaining investment constitutes significant influence, it is accounted for as an investment in an associate.

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Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations

Our consolidated financial statements are presented in Philippine peso, which is also the Parent Company’s functional currency. The Philippine peso is the currency of the primary economic environment in which we operate. This is also the currency that mainly influences the revenue from and cost of rendering products and services. Each entity in our Group determines its own functional currency and items included in the financial statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency.

The functional and presentation currency of the entities under PLDT Group (except for SMHC, SMI, FECL Group, PLDT Global and certain of its subsidiaries, PGNL and certain of its subsidiaries, DCPL, and certain subsidiaries of Chikka, eInnovations, Takatack, 3^rd Brand, CPL and ABM Global Solutions Pte. Ltd., or AGSPL, (formerly CITP Singapore Pte. Ltd., or CISP), Chikka Communications Consulting (Beijing) Co. Ltd., or CCCBL, ABMGS Sdn. Bhd. (formerly BayanTrade (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd., or BTMS), PT Advance Business Microsystems Global Solutions (formerly PT Columbus IT Indonesia, or PTCI) is the Philippine peso.

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by entities under our Group at the respective functional currency rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency closing rate of exchange prevailing at the end of the reporting period. All differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in our consolidated income statement except for foreign exchange differences that qualify as capitalizable borrowing costs for qualifying assets. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined.

The functional currency of SMHC, SMI, FECL Group, PLDT Global and certain of its subsidiaries, DCPL, and certain subsidiaries of Chikka is the U.S. dollar; the functional currency of eInnovations, Takatack, 3^rd Brand, CPL and AGSPL, is the Singapore dollar; the functional currency of CCCBL is the Chinese renminbi; the functional currency of BTMS is the Malaysian ringgit; and the functional currency of PTCI is the Indonesian rupiah. As at the reporting date, the assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated into Philippine peso at the rate of exchange prevailing at the end of the reporting period, and income and expenses of these subsidiaries are translated monthly using the weighted average exchange rate for the month. The exchange differences arising on translation are recognized as a separate component of other comprehensive income as cumulative translation adjustments. On disposal of these subsidiaries, the amount of deferred cumulative translation adjustments recognized in other comprehensive income relating to subsidiaries is recognized in our consolidated income statement.

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When there is a change in an entity’s functional currency, the entity applies the translation procedures applicable to the new functional currency prospectively from the date of the change. The entity translates all assets and liabilities into the new functional currency using the exchange rate at the date of the change. The resulting translated amounts for non-monetary items are treated as the new historical cost. Exchange differences arising from the translation of a foreign operation previously recognized in other comprehensive income are not reclassified from equity to profit or loss until the disposal of the operation.

Foreign exchange gains or losses of the Parent Company and our Philippine-based subsidiaries are treated as taxable income or deductible expenses in the period such exchange gains or losses are realized.

Any goodwill arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation and any fair value adjustments to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities arising on the acquisition are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operation and translated at the closing rate.

Noncurrent Assets Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations

Noncurrent assets and disposal groups classified as held-for-sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Noncurrent assets and disposal groups are classified as held-for-sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

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In the consolidated income statements, income and expenses from discontinued operations are reported separately from income and expenses from continuing operations, down to the level of profit after taxes, even when we retain a noncontrolling interest in the subsidiary after the sale. The resulting profit or loss (after taxes) is reported separately in the consolidated income statements.

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets once classified as held-for-sale are neither depreciated nor amortized.

Financial Instruments – Initial recognition and subsequent measurement

Financial Assets

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, or FVPL, loans and receivables, held-to-maturity, or HTM, investments, available-for-sale financial investments, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate. We determine the classification of financial assets at initial recognition and, where allowed and appropriate, re-evaluate the designation of such assets at each financial year-end.

Financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset, except in the case of financial assets recorded at FVPL.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way purchases or sales) are recognized on the trade date, i.e., the date that we commit to purchase or sell the asset.

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Subsequent measurement

The subsequent measurement of financial assets depends on the classification as described below:

Financial assets at FVPL

Financial assets at FVPL include financial assets held-for-trading and financial assets designated upon initial recognition at FVPL. Financial assets are classified as held-for-trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term. Derivative assets, including separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held-for-trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Financial assets at FVPL are carried in our consolidated statement of financial position at fair value with net changes in gains or losses recognized in our consolidated income statement under “Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net” for derivative instruments (negative net changes in fair value) and “Other income – net” for non-derivative financial assets (positive net changes in fair value). Interest earned and dividends received from financial assets at FVPL are recognized in our consolidated income statement under “Interest income” and “Other income – net”, respectively.

Financial assets may be designated at initial recognition as at FVPL if any of the following criteria are met: (i) the designation eliminates or significantly reduces the inconsistent treatment that would otherwise arise from measuring the assets or recognizing gains or losses on them on different bases; (ii) the assets are part of a group of financial assets which are managed and their performance are evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with a documented risk management strategy and information about the company is provided internally on that basis to the entity’s key management personnel; or (iii) the financial assets contain an embedded derivative, unless the embedded derivative does not significantly modify the cash flows or it is clear, with little or no analysis, that it would not be separately recorded.

Derivatives embedded in host contracts are accounted for as separate derivatives when their risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of the host contracts and the host contracts are not carried at fair value. These embedded derivatives are measured at fair value with gains or losses arising from changes in fair value recognized in our consolidated income statement. Reassessment only occurs if there is a change in the terms of the contract that significantly modifies the cash flows that would otherwise be required.

An embedded derivative is separated from the host contract and accounted for as a derivative if all of the following conditions are met: (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivatives are not closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract; (b) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative would meet the definition of a derivative; and (c) the hybrid or combined instrument is not recognized at FVPL.

Our financial assets at FVPL include portions of short-term investments and short-term currency swap as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

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Loans and receivables

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments which are not quoted in an active market. Such financial assets are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate, or EIR, method. This method uses an EIR that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset. Gains and losses are recognized in our consolidated income statement when the loans and receivables are derecognized or impaired, as well as through the amortization process. Interest earned or incurred is recorded in “Interest income” in our consolidated income statement. Assets in this category are included in the current assets except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the end of the reporting period, which are classified as noncurrent assets.

Our loans and receivables include trade and other receivables, portions of investment in debt securities and other short-term and long-term investments, and portions of advances and other noncurrent assets as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. See Note 17 – Trade and Other Receivables and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

HTM investments

Non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities are classified as HTM when we have the positive intention and ability to hold it to maturity. After initial measurement, HTM investments are measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains or losses are recognized in our consolidated income statement when the investments are derecognized or impaired, as well as through the amortization process. Interest earned or incurred is recorded in “Interest income” in our consolidated income statement. Assets in this category are included in current assets except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the end of the reporting period, which are classified as noncurrent assets.

Our HTM investments include portion of investment in debt securities and other long-term investments as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. See Note 12 – Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

Available-for-sale financial investments

Available-for-sale financial investments include equity investments and debt securities. Equity investments classified as available-for-sale are those that are neither classified as held-for-trading nor designated at FVPL. Debt securities in this category are those that are intended to be held for an indefinite period of time and that may be sold in response to liquidity requirements or in response to changes in the market conditions.

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After initial measurement, available-for-sale financial investments are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealized gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income in the “Net gains available-for-sale financial investments – net of tax” account until the investment is derecognized, at which time the cumulative gain or loss recorded in other comprehensive income is recognized in our consolidated income statement; or the investment is determined to be impaired, at which time the cumulative loss recorded in other comprehensive income is recognized in our consolidated income statement. Available-for-sale investments in equity instruments that do not have a quoted price in an active market and whose fair value cannot be reliably measured shall be measured at cost.

Interest earned on holding available-for-sale financial investments are included under “Interest income” using the EIR method in our consolidated income statement. Dividends earned on holding available-for-sale equity investments are recognized in our consolidated income statement under “Other income – net” when the right to receive payment has been established. These financial assets are included under noncurrent assets unless we intend to dispose of the investment within 12 months from the end of the reporting period.

We evaluate whether the ability and intention to sell our available-for-sale financial investments in the near term is still appropriate. When, in rare circumstances, we are unable to trade these financial investments due to inactive markets and management’s intention to do so significantly changes in the foreseeable future, we may elect to reclassify these financial investments. Reclassification to loans and receivables is permitted when the financial investments meet the definition of loans and receivables and we have the intent and ability to hold these assets for the foreseeable future or until maturity. Reclassification to the held-to-maturity category is permitted only when the entity has the ability and intention to hold the financial investment to maturity accordingly.

For a financial investment reclassified from the available-for-sale category, the fair value carrying amount at the date of reclassification becomes its new amortized cost and any previous gain or loss on the asset has been recognized in other comprehensive income is amortized to profit or loss over the remaining life of the investment using the EIR. Any difference between the new amortized cost and the maturity amount is also amortized over the remaining life of the asset using the EIR. If the asset is subsequently determined to be impaired, then the amount recorded in other comprehensive income is reclassified to the consolidated income statement.

Our available-for-sale financial investments include listed and unlisted equity securities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

Financial Liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as financial liabilities at FVPL, other financial liabilities or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate. We determine the classification of our financial liabilities at initial recognition.

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Financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequent measurement

The subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification as described below:

Financial liabilities at FVPL

Financial liabilities at FVPL include financial liabilities held-for-trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at FVPL. Financial liabilities are classified as held-for-trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling in the near term. Derivative liabilities, including separated embedded derivatives are also classified as at FVPL unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Financial liabilities at FVPL are carried in our consolidated statement of financial position at fair value with gains or losses on liabilities held-for-trading recognized in our consolidated income statement under “Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net” for derivative instruments and “Other income – net” for non-derivative financial liabilities.

Financial liabilities may be designated at initial recognition as FVPL if any of the following criteria are met: (i) the designation eliminates or significantly reduces the inconsistent treatment that would otherwise arise from measuring the liabilities or recognizing gains or losses on them on different bases; (ii) the liabilities are part of a group of financial liabilities which are managed and their performance are evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with a documented risk management strategy and information about the company is provided internally on that basis to the entity’s key management personnel; or (iii) the financial liabilities contain an embedded derivative, unless the embedded derivative does not significantly modify the cash flows or it is clear, with little or no analysis, that it would not be separately recorded.

Our financial liabilities at FVPL include long-term principal only-currency swaps and interest rate swaps as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

Other financial liabilities

After initial recognition, other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method.

Gains and losses are recognized in our consolidated income statement when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included under “Financing costs – net” in our consolidated income statement.

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Our other financial liabilities include accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, with the exemption of statutory payables, interest-bearing financial liabilities, customers’ deposits, dividends payable, and accrual for long-term capital expenditures included under “Deferred credits and other noncurrent liabilities” account as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities, Note 22 – Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities, Note 23 – Accounts Payable, and Note 24 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in our consolidated statement of financial position if, and only if, there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Amortized cost of financial instruments

Amortized cost is computed using the EIR method less any allowance for impairment and principal repayment or reduction. The calculation takes into account any premium or discount on acquisition and includes transaction costs and fees that are an integral part of EIR.

“Day 1” difference

Where the transaction price in a non-active market is different from the fair value of other observable current market transactions in the same instrument or based on a valuation technique which variables include only data from observable market, we recognize the difference between the transaction price and fair value (a “Day 1” difference) in our consolidated income statement unless it qualifies for recognition as some other type of asset or liability. In cases where data used are not observable, the difference between the transaction price and model value is only recognized in our consolidated income statement when the inputs become observable or when the instrument is derecognized. For each transaction, we determine the appropriate method of recognizing the “Day 1” difference amount.

Impairment of Financial Assets

We assess at the end of each reporting period whether there is any objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is deemed to be impaired if, and only if, there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that have occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (an incurred “loss event”) and that loss event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or the group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated. Evidence of impairment may include indications that the debtor or a group of debtors is experiencing significant financial difficulty, default or delinquency in interest or principal payments, the probability that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization and where observable data indicate that there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows, such as changes in arrears or economic conditions that correlate with defaults.

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Impairment of Trade and Other Receivables

Individual impairment

Retail subscribers

We recognize impairment losses for the whole amount of receivables from permanently disconnected wireless and fixed line subscribers. Permanent disconnections are made after a series of collection steps following nonpayment by postpaid subscribers. Such permanent disconnection usually occurs within a predetermined period from the last statement date.

We also recognize impairment losses for accounts with extended credit arrangements or promissory notes.

Regardless of the age of the account, additional impairment losses are also made for accounts specifically identified to be doubtful of collection when there is information on financial incapacity after considering the other contractual obligations between us and the subscriber.

Corporate subscribers

Receivables from corporate subscribers are provided with impairment losses when they are specifically identified as impaired. Full allowance is generally provided for the whole amount of receivables from corporate accounts based on aging of individual account balances. In making this assessment, we take into account normal payment cycle, counterparty’s payment history and industry-observed settlement periods.

Foreign administrations and domestic carriers

For receivables from foreign administration and domestic carriers, impairment losses are recognized when they are specifically identified as impaired regardless of the age of balances. Full allowance is generally provided after quarterly review of the status of settlement with the carriers. In making this assessment, we take into account normal payment cycle, counterparty carrier’s payment history and industry-observed settlement periods.

Dealers, agents and others

Similar to carrier accounts, we recognize impairment losses for the full amount of receivables from dealers, agents and other parties based on our specific assessment of individual balances based on age and payment habits, as applicable.

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Collective impairment

Postpaid wireless and fixed line subscribers

We estimate impairment losses for temporarily disconnected accounts for both wireless and fixed line subscribers based on the historical trend of temporarily disconnected accounts which eventually become permanently disconnected. Temporary disconnection is initiated after a series of collection activities is implemented, including the sending of a collection letter, call-out reminders and collection messages via text messaging. Temporary disconnection generally happens 90 days after the due date of the unpaid balance. If the account is not settled within 60 days from temporary disconnection, the account is permanently disconnected.

We recognize impairment losses on our postpaid wireless and fixed line subscribers through net flow-rate methodology which is derived from account-level monitoring of subscriber accounts between different age brackets, from current to one day past due to 120 days past due. The criterion adopted for making the allowance for doubtful accounts takes into consideration the calculation of the actual percentage of losses incurred on each range of accounts receivable.

Other subscribers

Receivables that have been assessed individually and found not to be impaired are then assessed collectively based on similar credit risk characteristics to determine whether provision should be made due to incurred loss events for which there is objective evidence but whose effects are not yet evident in the individual impairment assessment. Retail subscribers are provided with collective impairment based on a certain percentage derived from historical data/statistics.

See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Estimating Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Note 17 – Trade and Other Receivables and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Impairment Assessments for further disclosures relating to impairment of financial assets.

Financial assets carried at amortized cost

For financial assets carried at amortized cost, we first assess whether objective evidence of impairment exists individually for financial assets that are individually significant, or collectively for financial assets that are not individually significant. If we determine that no objective evidence of impairment exists for an individually assessed financial asset, whether significant or not, we include the asset in a group of financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assess them for impairment. Assets that are individually assessed for impairment and for which an impairment loss is, or continues to be, recognized are not included in a collective assessment of impairment.

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If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss has been incurred, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future expected credit losses that have not yet been incurred). The present value of the estimated future cash flows is discounted at the financial asset’s original EIR. If a financial asset has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current EIR.

The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized under “Asset impairment” in our consolidated income statement. Interest income continues to be accrued on the reduced carrying amount based on the original EIR of the asset. The financial asset together with the associated allowance are written-off when there is no realistic prospect of future recovery and all collateral has been realized or has been transferred to us. If, in a subsequent year, the amount of the estimated impairment loss increases or decreases because of an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is increased or reduced by adjusting the allowance account. Any subsequent reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in our consolidated income statement, to the extent that the carrying value of the asset does not exceed its original amortized cost at the reversal date. If a future write-off is later recovered, the recovery is recognized in profit or loss.

Available-for-sale financial investments

For available-for-sale financial investments, we assess at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that an investment or a group of investments is impaired.

In the case of equity investments classified as available-for-sale financial investments, objective evidence would include a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the investment below its cost. The determination of what is “significant” or “prolonged” requires judgment. We treat “significant” generally as decline of 20% or more below the original cost of investment, and “prolonged” as greater than 12 months. When a decline in the fair value of an available-for-sale financial investment has been recognized in other comprehensive income and there is objective evidence that the asset is impaired, the cumulative loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified from other comprehensive income to profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment even though the financial asset has not been derecognized. The amount of the cumulative loss that is reclassified from other comprehensive income to profit or loss is the difference between the acquisition cost (net of any principal repayment and amortization) and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in profit or loss for an investment in an equity instrument are not reversed in profit or loss. Subsequent increases in the fair value after impairment are recognized directly in other comprehensive income.

In the case of debt instruments classified as available-for-sale financial investments, impairment is assessed based on the same criteria as financial assets carried at amortized cost. However, the amount recorded for impairment is the cumulative loss measured as the difference between the amortized cost, less any impairment loss on that investment previously recognized in our consolidated income statement and the current fair value. Future interest income continues to be accrued based on the reduced carrying amount of the asset, using the rate of interest used to discount future cash flows for the purpose of measuring impairment loss. Such accrual is recorded as part of “Interest income” in our consolidated income statement. If, in a subsequent year, the fair value of a debt instrument increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized in our consolidated income statement, the impairment loss is reversed in profit or loss.

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Derecognition of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Financial assets

A financial asset (or where applicable as part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is derecognized when: (1) the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; or (2) we have transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or have assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a “pass-through” arrangement; and either: (a) we have transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset; or (b) we have neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but have transferred control of the asset.

When we have transferred the rights to receive cash flows from an asset or have entered into a “pass-through” arrangement, and have neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control of the asset, a new asset is recognized to the extent of our continuing involvement in the asset.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of the consideration that we could be required to repay.

When continuing involvement takes the form of a written and/or purchased option (including a cash-settled option or similar provision) on the transferred asset, the extent of our continuing involvement is the amount of the transferred asset that we may repurchase, except that in the case of a written put option (including a cash-settled option or similar provision) on an asset measured at fair value, the extent of our continuing involvement is limited to the lower of the fair value of the transferred asset and the option exercise price.

Financial liabilities

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or has expired.

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability, and the difference in the carrying amount of a financial liability extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognized in profit or loss.

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The financial liability is also derecognized when equity instruments are issued to extinguish all or part of the financial liability. The equity instruments issued are recognized at fair value if it can be reliably measured, otherwise, it is recognized at the fair value of the financial liability extinguished. Any difference between the fair value of the equity instruments issued and the carrying value of the financial liability extinguished is recognized in profit or loss.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting

Initial recognition and subsequent measurement

We use derivative financial instruments, such as long-term currency swaps, foreign currency options, forward currency contracts and interest rate swaps to hedge our risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

The fair value of forward currency contracts is calculated by reference to current forward exchange rates for contracts with similar maturity profiles. The fair value of long-term currency swaps, foreign currency options, forward currency contracts and interest rate swap contracts is determined using applicable valuation techniques. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value on derivatives during the period that do not qualify for hedge accounting are taken directly to the “Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net” in our consolidated income statement.

For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as: (1) fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized financial asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment (except for foreign currency risk); or (2) cash flow hedges when hedging exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized financial asset or liability, a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognized firm commitment; or (3) hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, we formally designate and document the hedge relationship to which we wish to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how we will assess the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an on-going basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they are designated. In a situation when that hedged item is a forecast transaction, we assess whether the transaction is highly probable and presents an exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect our consolidated income statement.

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Hedges which meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as follows:

Fair value hedges

The change in the fair value of a hedging derivative is recognized in our consolidated income statement. The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item and is also recognized in our consolidated income statement.

The fair value for financial instruments traded in active markets at the end of the reporting period is based on their quoted market price or dealer price quotations (bid price for long positions and ask price for short positions), without any deduction for transaction costs. When current bid and asking prices are not available, the price of the most recent transaction provides evidence of the current fair value as long as there has not been a significant change in economic circumstances since the time of the transaction. For all other financial instruments not listed in an active market, the fair value is determined by using appropriate valuation techniques. Valuation techniques include net present value techniques, comparison to similar instruments for which market observable prices exist, option pricing models and other relevant valuation models.

When an unrecognized firm commitment is designated as a hedged item, the subsequent cumulative change in the fair value of the firm commitment attributable to the hedged risk is recognized as a financial asset or liability with a corresponding gain or loss recognized in our consolidated income statement. The changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument are also recognized in our consolidated income statement.

Cash flow hedges

The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognized in other comprehensive income, while any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in our consolidated income statement. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities for more details.

Amounts taken to other comprehensive income are transferred to our consolidated income statement when the hedged transaction affects our consolidated income statement, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognized or when a forecast sale occurs. Where the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts taken to other comprehensive income are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.

If the forecast transaction or firm commitment is no longer expected to occur, amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income are transferred to our consolidated income statement. If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover, or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income remain in other comprehensive income until the forecast transaction or firm commitment occurs.

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We use an interest rate swap agreement to our interest rate exposure on certain outstanding loan balances. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – PLDT, DMPI and Smart.

Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation

Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation, including a hedge of a monetary item that is accounted for as part of the net investment, are accounted for in a way similar to cash flow hedges. Gains or losses on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of the hedge are recognized in other comprehensive income while any gains or losses relating to the ineffective portion are recognized in our consolidated income statement. On disposal of the foreign operation, the cumulative value of any such gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred to our consolidated income statement.

We use a loan as a hedge of its exposure to foreign exchange risk on its investment in foreign subsidiaries. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities for more details.

Current versus noncurrent classification

Derivative instruments that are not designated as effective hedging instruments are classified as current or noncurrent or separated into a current and noncurrent portion based on an assessment of the facts and circumstances (i.e., the underlying contracted cash flows).

Where we expect to hold a derivative as an economic hedge (and does not apply hedge accounting) for a period beyond 12 months after the reporting date, the derivative is classified as noncurrent (or separated into current and noncurrent portions) consistent with the classification of the underlying item.

Embedded derivatives that are not closely related to the host contract are classified consistent with the cash flows of the host contract.

Derivative instruments that are designated as effective hedging instruments are classified consistently with the classification of the underlying hedged item. The derivative instrument is separated into a current portion and a noncurrent portion only if a reliable allocation can be made.

We recognize transfers into and transfers out of fair value hierarchy levels as at the date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer.

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Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment, except for land, is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. The initial cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes and any directly attributable costs of bringing the property, plant and equipment to its working condition and location for its intended use. Such cost includes the cost of replacing component parts of the property, plant and equipment when the cost is incurred, if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, we recognize such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciate them accordingly. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of the asset after use is included in the cost of the asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met. Land is stated at cost less any impairment in value.

Expenditures incurred after the property, plant and equipment have been put into operation, such as repairs and maintenance, are normally recognized as expense in the period such costs are incurred. In situations where it can be clearly demonstrated that the expenditures have resulted in an increase in the future economic benefits expected to be obtained from the use of an item of property, plant and equipment beyond its originally assessed standard of performance, the expenditures are capitalized as additional cost of the property, plant and equipment.

Depreciation and amortization commence once the property, plant and equipment are available for use and are calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives used in depreciating our property, plant and equipment are disclosed in Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment.

The asset’s residual value, estimated useful life, and depreciation and amortization method are reviewed at least at each financial year-end to ensure that the period and method of depreciation and amortization are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from items of property, plant and equipment and are adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in profit or loss in the period the asset is derecognized.

Property under construction is stated at cost less any impairment in value. This includes cost of construction, plant and equipment, capitalizable borrowing costs and other direct costs associated to construction. Property under construction is not depreciated until such time that the relevant assets are completed and available for its intended use.

Construction-in-progress is transferred to the related property, plant and equipment when the construction or installation and related activities necessary to prepare the property, plant and equipment for their intended use have been completed, and the property, plant and equipment are ready for commercial service.

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Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs are capitalized if they are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. To the extent that funds are borrowed specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization on that asset shall be determined as the actual borrowing costs incurred on that borrowing during the period less any investment income on the temporary investment of those borrowings. To the extent that funds are borrowed generally and used for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization shall be determined by applying a capitalization rate to the expenditures on that asset. The capitalization rate shall be the weighted average of the borrowing costs applicable to our borrowings that are outstanding during the period, other than borrowings made specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset. The amount of borrowing costs capitalized during the period shall not exceed the amount of borrowing costs incurred during that period.

Capitalization of borrowing costs commences when the activities necessary to prepare the asset for intended use are in progress and expenditures and borrowing costs are being incurred. Borrowing costs are capitalized until the asset is available for their intended use. If the resulting carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognized. Borrowing costs include interest charges and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds, as well as exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings used to finance these projects, to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs.

All other borrowing costs are expensed as incurred.

Asset Retirement Obligations

We are legally required under various lease agreements to dismantle the installation in leased sites and restore such sites to their original condition at the end of the lease contract term. We recognize the liability measured at the present value of the estimated costs of these obligations and capitalize such costs as part of the balance of the related item of property, plant and equipment. The amount of asset retirement obligations are accreted and such accretion is recognized as interest expense. See Note 22 – Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities.

Investment Properties

Investment properties are initially measured at cost, including transaction costs. The carrying amount includes the cost of replacing part of an existing investment property at the time that cost is incurred if the recognition criteria are met and excludes the cost of day-to-day servicing of an investment property. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at fair values, which have been determined annually based on the latest appraisal performed by an independent firm of appraisers, an industry specialist in valuing these types of investment properties as accredited by the Philippine SEC. Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair values of investment properties are included in our consolidated income statement in the period in which they arise, including the corresponding tax effect. Where an entity is unable to determine the fair value of an investment property under construction, but expects to be able to determine its fair value on completion, the investment under construction will be measured at cost until such time that fair value can be determined or construction is completed.

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Investment properties are derecognized when they have been disposed or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future benefit is expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss on the retirement or disposal of an investment property is recognized in our consolidated income statement in the year of retirement or disposal.

Transfers are made to or from investment property only when there is a change in use. For a transfer from investment property to owner-occupied property, the deemed cost for subsequent accounting is the fair value at the date of change in use. If an owner-occupied property becomes an investment property, we account for such property in accordance with the policy stated under property, plant and equipment up to the date of change in use. The difference between the carrying amount of the owner-occupied property and its fair value at the date of change is accounted for as revaluation increment recognized in other comprehensive income. On subsequent disposal of the investment property, the revaluation increment recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred to retained earnings.

No assets held under operating lease have been classified as investment properties.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured at cost on initial recognition. The cost of intangible assets acquired from business combinations is initially recognized at fair value on the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment loss. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed at the individual asset level as either finite or indefinite.

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Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the useful economic life using the straight-line method and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible assets may be impaired. At the minimum, the amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at each financial year-end. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are accounted for by changing the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in our consolidated income statement.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually either individually or at the CGU level. Such intangible assets are not amortized. The useful life of an intangible asset with an indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life assessment continues to be supportable. If not, the change in the useful life assessment from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

The estimated useful lives used in amortizing our intangible assets are disclosed in Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, and are recognized in our consolidated income statement when the asset is derecognized.

Intangible assets created within the business are not capitalized and expenditures are charged against operations in the period in which the expenditures are incurred.

Inventories and Supplies

Inventories and supplies, which include cellular and landline phone units, materials, spare parts, terminal units and accessories, are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value.

Costs incurred in bringing inventories and supplies to its present location and condition are accounted using the weighted average method. Net realizable value is determined by either estimating the selling price in the ordinary course of the business, less the estimated cost to sell or determining the prevailing replacement costs.

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Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

We assess at each reporting period whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, or when the annual impairment testing for an asset is required, we make an estimate of the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or CGU’s fair value less costs to sell or its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent from those of other assets or groups of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.

In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining the fair value less costs to sell, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. Impairment losses are recognized in our consolidated income statement.

For assets, excluding goodwill, an assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, we make an estimate of the recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. If this is the case, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to its recoverable amount. The increased amount cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation and amortization, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in our consolidated income statement. After such reversal, the depreciation and amortization charges are adjusted in future years to allocate the asset’s revised carrying amount, less any residual value, on a systematic basis over its remaining economic useful life.

The following assets have specific characteristics for impairment testing:

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with definite useful lives

For property, plant and equipment, we also assess for impairment on the basis of impairment indicators such as evidence of internal obsolescence or physical damage. See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Asset Impairment, Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment and Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further disclosures relating to impairment of non-financial assets.

Investments in associates and joint ventures

We determine at the end of each reporting period whether there is any objective evidence that our investments in associates and joint ventures are impaired. If this is the case, the amount of impairment is calculated as the difference between the recoverable amount of the investments in associates and joint ventures, and its carrying amount. The amount of impairment loss is recognized in our consolidated income statement. See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits for further disclosures relating to impairment of non-financial assets.

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Goodwill

Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. Impairment is determined for goodwill by assessing the recoverable amount of each CGU, or group of CGUs, to which the goodwill relates. When the recoverable amount of the CGU, or group of CGUs, is less than the carrying amount of the CGU, or group of CGUs, to which goodwill has been allocated, an impairment loss is recognized. Impairment losses relating to goodwill cannot be reversed in future periods.

If there is incomplete allocation of goodwill acquired in a business combination to CGUs, or group of CGUs, an impairment testing of goodwill is only carried out when impairment indicators exist. Where impairment indicators exist, impairment testing of goodwill is performed at a level at which the acquirer can reliably test for impairment.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are tested for impairment annually either individually or at the CGU level, as appropriate. We calculate the amount of impairment as being the difference between the recoverable amount of the intangible asset and its carrying amount and recognize the amount of impairment in our consolidated income statement. Impairment losses relating to intangible assets can be reversed in future periods.

See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Asset Impairment and Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets – Impairment Testing of Goodwill and Intangible Assets with Indefinite Life for further disclosures relating to impairment of non-financial assets.

Investment in Debt Securities

Investment in debt securities are government securities which are carried at amortized cost using the EIR method. Interest earned from these securities is recognized under “Interest income” in our consolidated income statement.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash includes cash on hand and in banks. Cash equivalents, which include temporary cash investments, are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with original maturities of three months or less from the date of acquisition, and for which there is an insignificant risk of change in value.

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Short-term Investments

Short-term investments are money market placements, which are highly liquid with maturities of more than three months but less than one year from the date of acquisition.

Fair value measurement

We measure financial instruments such as derivatives, available-for-sale financial investments, certain short-term investments and non-financial assets such as investment properties, at fair value at each reporting date. Also, fair values of financial instruments measured at amortized cost are disclosed in Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either: (i) in the principal market for the asset or liability, or • (ii) in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible to us.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

We use valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole: (i) Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; (ii) Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable; and (iii) Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, we determine whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

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We determine the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as investment properties and quoted available-for-sale financial assets, and for non-recurring measurement, such as assets held for distribution in discontinued operation.

External valuers are involved for valuation of significant assets, such as properties. Involvement of external valuers is decided upon annually. Selection criteria include market knowledge, reputation, independence and whether professional standards are maintained. At each reporting date, we analyze the movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be re-measured or re-assessed as per our accounting policies. For this analysis, we verify the major inputs applied in the latest valuation by agreeing the information in the valuation computation to contracts and other relevant documents.

We, in conjunction with our external valuers, also compare the changes in the fair value of each asset and liability with relevant external sources to determine whether the change is reasonable. This includes a discussion of the major assumptions used in the valuations. For the purpose of fair value disclosures, we have determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to us and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding value-added tax, or VAT, or overseas communication tax, or OCT, where applicable. When deciding the most appropriate basis for presenting revenue and cost of revenue, we assess our revenue arrangements against specific criteria to determine if we are acting as principal or agent. We consider both the legal form and the substance of our agreement, to determine each party’s respective roles in the agreement. We are acting as a principal when we have the significant risks and rewards associated with the rendering of telecommunication services. When our role in a transaction is that of principal, revenue is presented on a gross basis, otherwise, revenue is presented on a net basis.

Service revenues from continuing operations

Our revenues are principally derived from providing the following telecommunications services: cellular voice and data services in the wireless business; and local exchange, international and national long distance, data and other network, and information and communications services in the fixed line business. When determining the amount of revenue to be recognized in any period, the overriding principle followed is to match the revenue with the cost of the provision of service. Services may be rendered separately or bundled with goods or other services. The specific recognition criteria are as follows:

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Subscribers

We provide telephone, cellular and data communication services under prepaid and postpaid payment arrangements as follows:

Postpaid service arrangements include fixed monthly charges (including excess of consumable fixed monthly service fees) generated from postpaid cellular voice, short messaging services, or SMS, and data services through the postpaid plans of Smart and Sun Cellular, from cellular and local exchange services primarily through wireless, landline and related services, and from data and other network services primarily through broadband and leased line services, which we recognize on a straight-line basis over the customer’s subscription period. Services provided to postpaid subscribers are billed throughout the month according to the billing cycles of subscribers. Services availed by subscribers in addition to these fixed fee arrangements are charged separately and recognized as the additional service is provided or as availed by the subscribers.

Our prepaid services include over-the-air reloading channels and prepaid cards provided by Smart Prepaid, Talk ‘N Text Prepaid and Sun Cellular Prepaid. Proceeds from over-the-air reloading channels and prepaid cards are initially recognized as unearned revenue and realized upon actual usage of the airtime value (i.e., the pre-loaded airtime value of subscriber identification module, or SIM, cards and subsequent top-ups) for voice, SMS, multimedia messaging services, or MMS, content downloading (inclusive of browsing), infotext services and prepaid unlimited and bucket-priced SMS and call subscriptions, net of free SMS allocation and bonus credits (load package purchased, i.e., free additional SMS or minute calls or Peso credits), or upon expiration of the usage period, whichever comes earlier. Interconnection fees and charges arising from the actual usage of airtime value or subscriptions are recorded as incurred.

Revenue from international and national long distance calls carried via our network is generally based on rates which vary with distance and type of service (direct dial or operator-assisted, paid or collect, etc.). Revenue from both wireless and fixed line long distance calls is recognized as the service is provided.

Nonrecurring upfront fees such as activation fees charged to subscribers for connection to our network are deferred and are recognized as revenue throughout the estimated average length of customer relationship. The related incremental costs are similarly deferred and recognized over the same period in our consolidated income statement.

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Connecting carriers

Interconnection revenues for call termination, call transit and network usages are recognized in the period in which the traffic occurs. Revenues related to local, long distance, network-to-network, roaming and international call connection services are recognized when the call is placed or connection is provided and the equivalent amounts charged to us by other carriers are recorded under interconnection costs in our consolidated income statement. Inbound revenue and outbound charges are based on agreed transit and termination rates with other foreign and local carriers.

Value-Added Services, or VAS

Revenues from VAS include MMS, content downloading (inclusive of browsing) and infotext services. The amount of revenue recognized is net of payout to content provider’s share in revenue.

Incentives

We operate customer loyalty programmes in our wireless business which allows customers to accumulate points when they purchase services or prepaid credits from us. The points can then be redeemed for free services and discounts, subject to a minimum number of points being obtained. Consideration received is allocated between the services and prepaid credits sold and the points issued, with the consideration allocated to the points equal to their value. The fair value of the points issued is deferred and recognized as revenue when the points are redeemed.

Product-based incentives provided to retailers and customers as part of a transaction are accounted for as multiple element arrangements and recognized when earned.

Multiple-deliverable arrangements

In revenue arrangements including more than one deliverable, the deliverables are assigned to one or more separate units of accounting and the arrangement consideration is allocated to each unit of accounting based on their relative fair value to reflect the substance of the transaction. Where fair value is not directly observable, the total consideration is allocated using an appropriate allocation method.

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Other services

Revenue from server hosting, co-location services and customer support services are recognized as the service is performed.

Service revenues from discontinued operations

Our revenues are principally derived from knowledge processing solutions and customer relationship management services in the business process outsourcing business.

Revenue from outsourcing contracts under our knowledge processing solutions and customer relationship management businesses are recognized when evidence of an arrangement exists, the service has been provided, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. If the fee is not fixed or determinable, or collectability is not reasonably assured, revenue is not recognized until payment is received. For arrangements requiring specific customer acceptance, revenue recognition is deferred until the earlier of the end of the deemed acceptable period or until a written notice of acceptance is received from the customer. Revenue on services rendered to customers whose ability to pay is in doubt at the time of performance of services is also not recorded. Rather, revenue is recognized from these customers as payment is received. Revenue contingent on meeting specific performance conditions are recognized to the extent of costs incurred to provide the service. Outsourcing contracts may also include incentive payments dependent on achieving performance targets. Revenue relating to such incentive payments is recognized when the performance target is achieved.

Non-service revenues

Revenues from handset and equipment sales are recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. The related cost or net realizable value of handsets or equipment, sold to customers is presented as “Cost of sales” in our consolidated income statement.

Interest income

Interest income is recognized as it accrues on a time proportion basis taking into account the principal amount outstanding and the EIR.

Dividend income

Revenue is recognized when our right to receive the payment is established.

Expenses

Expenses are recognized as incurred.

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Provisions

We recognize a provision when we have a present obligation, legal or constructive, as a result of a past event, and when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When we expect some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is presented in our consolidated income statement, net of any reimbursements. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

Retirement Benefits

Defined benefit pension plans

Retirement costs consist of the following:

•

Service cost;

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Net interest on the net defined benefit asset or obligation; and

•

Remeasurements of net defined benefit asset or obligation

Service cost (which includes current service costs, past service costs and gains or losses on non-routine settlements) is recognized as part of “Compensation and employee benefits” account in our consolidated income statement. These amounts are calculated periodically by an independent qualified actuary.

Net interest on the net defined benefit asset or obligation is the change during the period in the net defined benefit asset or obligation that arises from the passage of time which is determined by applying the discount rate based on the government bonds to the net defined benefit asset or obligation. Net deferred benefit asset is recognized as part of advances and other noncurrent assets and net defined benefit obligation is recognized as part of pension and other employee benefits in our consolidated statement of financial position.

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The net defined benefit asset or obligation comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligation (using a discount rate based on government bonds, as explained in Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Estimating Pension Benefit Costs and Other Employee Benefits), net of the fair value of plan assets out of which the obligations are to be settled directly. Plan assets are assets held by a long-term employee benefit fund or qualifying insurance policies and are not available to our creditors nor can they be paid directly to us. Fair value is based on market price information and in the case of quoted securities, the published bid price and in the case of unquoted securities, the discounted cash flow using the income approach. The value of any defined benefit asset recognized is restricted to the asset ceiling which is the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in the future contributions to the plan. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Defined Benefit Pension Plans for more details.

Defined contribution plans

Smart and certain of its subsidiaries maintain a defined contribution plan that covers all regular full-time employees under which it pays fixed contributions based on the employees’ monthly salaries. Smart and certain of its subsidiaries, however, are covered under Republic Act 7641, or R.A. 7641, otherwise known as “The Philippine Retirement Law”, which provides for qualified employees to receive a defined benefit minimum guarantee. The defined benefit minimum guarantee is equivalent to a certain percentage of the monthly salary payable to an employee at normal retirement age with the required credited years of service based on the provisions of R.A. 7641.

For the defined benefit minimum guarantee plan, the liability is determined based on the present value of the excess of the projected defined benefit obligation over the projected defined contribution obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by a qualified independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. Smart and certain of its subsidiaries determines the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense (income) and other expenses (income) related to the defined benefit plan are recognized in our profit or loss.

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When the benefits of the plan are changed or when the plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in our profit or loss. Gains or losses on the settlement of the defined benefit plan are recognized when the settlement occurs. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Defined Contribution Plans for more details.

Other Long-term Employee Benefits

Our liability arising from the 2012 to 2014 Long-term Incentive Plan, or the 2012 to 2014 LTIP, is determined using the projected unit credit method. Employee benefit costs include current service cost, net interest on the net defined benefit obligation, and remeasurements of the net defined benefit obligation. Past service costs and actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in our profit or loss. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Other Long-term Employee Benefits for more details.

The long-term employee benefit liability comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligation (using a discount rate based on government bonds) at the end of the reporting period.

Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date. The arrangement is assessed for whether the fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement. A reassessment is made after the inception of the lease only if one of the following applies: (a) there is a change in contractual terms, other than a renewal or extension of the agreement; (b) a renewal option is exercised or extension granted, unless the term of the renewal or extension was initially included in the lease term; (c) there is a change in the determination of whether the fulfillment is dependent on a specified asset; or (d) there is a substantial change to the asset.

Where a reassessment is made, lease accounting shall commence or cease from the date when the change in circumstances gave rise to the reassessment for scenarios (a), (c) or (d) and the date of renewal or extension period for scenario (b).

As a Lessor. Leases where we retain substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating leases. Any initial direct costs incurred in negotiating an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same bases as rental income. Rental income is recognized in our consolidated income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

All other leases are classified as finance leases. At the inception of the finance lease, the asset subject to lease agreement is derecognized and lease receivable is recognized. Interest income is accrued over the lease term using the EIR and lease amortization is accounted for as reduction of lease receivable.

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As a Lessee. Leases where the lessor retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the assets are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as expense in our consolidated income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

All other leases are classified as finance leases. A finance lease gives rise to the recognition of a leased asset and finance lease liability. Capitalized leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term, if there is no reasonable certainty that we will obtain ownership of the leased asset at the end of the lease term. Interest expense is recognized over the lease term using the EIR.

Income Taxes

Current income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior years are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the reporting period where we operate and generate taxable income.

Deferred income tax

Deferred income tax is provided using the balance sheet liability method on all temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the end of the reporting period.

Deferred income tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences except: (1) when the deferred income tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; and (2) with respect to taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interest in joint ventures, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carryforward benefits of unused tax credits from excess minimum corporate income tax, or MCIT, over regular corporate income tax, or RCIT, and unused net operating loss carry over, or NOLCO. Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and carryforward benefits of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized, except: (1) when the deferred income tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; and (2) with respect to deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

284

The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax assets to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred income tax assets are reassessed at the end of each reporting period and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow the deferred income tax assets to be recovered.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the reporting period.

Deferred income tax relating to items recognized in “Other comprehensive income” account is included in our statement of comprehensive income and not in our consolidated income statement.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to offset current income tax assets against current income tax liabilities and the deferred income taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Tax benefits acquired as part of a business combination, but not satisfying the criteria for separate recognition at that date, would be recognized subsequently if new information about facts and circumstances changed. The adjustment would either be treated as a reduction to goodwill (as long as it does not exceed goodwill) if it is incurred during the measurement period or in our profit or loss.

VAT

Revenues, expenses and assets are recognized net of the amount of VAT except: (1) where the VAT incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the tax authority, in which case, the VAT is recognized as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item as applicable; and (2) where receivables and payables are stated with the amount of VAT included.

Contingencies

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in our consolidated financial statements. They are disclosed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote. Contingent assets are not recognized in our consolidated financial statements but are disclosed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

Events After the End of the Reporting Period

Post year-end events up to the date of approval of the Board of Directors that provide additional information about our financial position at the end of the reporting period (adjusting events) are reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Post year-end events that are not adjusting events are disclosed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements when material.

285

Equity

Preferred and common stocks are measured at par value for all shares issued. Incremental costs incurred directly attributable to the issuance of new shares are shown in equity as a deduction from proceeds, net of tax. Proceeds and/or fair value of considerations received in excess of par value are recognized as capital in excess of par value in our consolidated statements of changes in equity.

Treasury stocks are our own equity instruments which are reacquired and recognized at cost and presented as reduction in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in our consolidated income statement on the purchase, sale, reissuance or cancellation of our own equity instruments. Any difference between the carrying amount and the consideration upon reissuance or cancellation of shares is recognized as capital in excess of par value in our consolidated statements of changes in equity and statements of financial position.

Change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without loss of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction and any impact is presented as part of capital in excess of par value in our consolidated statements of changes in equity.

Retained earnings represent our net accumulated earnings less cumulative dividends declared.

Other comprehensive income comprises of income and expense, including reclassification adjustments that are not recognized in our profit or loss as required or permitted by IFRSs.

New Accounting Standards, Amendments and Interpretations to Existing Standards Effective Subsequent to December 31, 2014

We will adopt the following standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards enumerated below which are relevant to us when these become effective. Except as otherwise indicated, we do not expect the adoption of these standards, amendments and interpretations to IFRS to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

286

Effective January 1, 2015

Amendments to IAS 19, Employee Benefits – Defined Benefit Plans: Employee Contributions. The amendments apply to contributions from employees or third parties to defined benefit plans. Contributions that are set out in the formal terms of the plan shall be accounted for as reductions to current service costs if they are linked to service. These amendments clarify that, if the amount of the contributions is independent of the number of years of service, an entity is permitted to recognize such contributions as a reduction in the service cost in the period in which the service is rendered, instead of allocating the contributions to the periods of service. The amendments to IAS 19 are to be retrospectively applied for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014. The amendments do not apply to us since our employees are not required to make contributions to the Plan.

The Annual Improvements to IFRSs (2010-2012 Cycle) contain necessary but non-urgent amendments to the following standards:

IFRS 8, Operating Segments – Aggregation of Operating Segments and Reconciliation of the Total of Reportable Segments’ Assets to the Entity’s Assets. The amendments require entities to disclose the judgment made by management in applying the aggregation criteria in the standard. This disclosure should include a brief description of the operating segments that have been aggregated in this way and the economic characteristics used to assess whether the segments are “similar”. The amendments also clarify that an entity shall provide reconciliations of the total of reportable segments’ assets to the entity’s assets if such reconciliations are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, similar to the required disclosure for segment liabilities. These amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 and are applied retrospectively. The amendments affect disclosures only and have no significant impact on our financial position or performance.

IAS 16, Property, Plant and Equipment and IAS 38, Intangible Assets – Revaluation Method – Proportionate Restatement of Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization. The amendment is applied retrospectively and clarifies in IAS 16 and IAS 38 that the asset may be revalued by reference to the observable data on either the gross or the net carrying amount. In addition, the accumulated depreciation or amortization is the difference between the gross and carrying amounts of the asset.

The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014. The amendment shall apply to all revaluations recognized in annual periods beginning on or after the date of initial application of this amendment and in the immediately preceding annual period. The amendment has no significant impact on our financial position or performance.

IAS 24, Related Party Disclosures – Key Management Personnel. The amendment is applied retrospectively and clarifies that a management entity that provides key management personnel services is a related party subject to the related party disclosures. In addition, an entity that uses a management entity is required to disclose the expenses incurred for management services. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 and are applied retrospectively. The amendments affect disclosures only and have no significant impact on our financial position or performance.

287

The Annual Improvements to IFRSs (2011-2013 Cycle) contain necessary but non-urgent amendments to the following standards:

IFRS 3, Business Combinations – Scope Exceptions for Joint Arrangements. The amendment clarifies that IFRS 3 does not apply to the accounting for the formation of a joint arrangement in the financial statements of the joint arrangement itself. The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 and is applied prospectively.

IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement – Portfolio Exception. The amendment clarifies that the portfolio exception in IFRS 13 can be applied to financial assets, financial liabilities and other contracts within the scope of IAS 39. The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 and is applied prospectively. The amendment has no significant impact on our financial position and performance.

IAS 40, Investment Property. The amendment clarifies the inter-relationship between IFRS 3 and IFRS 40 when classifying property as investment property or owner-occupied property. The amendment stated that judgment is needed when determining whether the acquisition of investment property is the acquisition of an asset or a group of assets or a business combination within the scope of IFRS 3. This judgment is based on the guidance of IFRS 3. This amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 and is applied prospectively. The amendment has no significant impact on our financial position or performance.

Effective January 1, 2016

Amendments to IFRS 11, Joint Arrangements – Accounting for Acquisitions of Interests in Joint Operations. The amendments to IFRS 11 require that a joint operator accounting for the acquisition of an interest in a joint operation, in which the activity of the joint operation constitutes a business must apply the relevant IFRS 3 principles for business combinations accounting. The amendments also clarify that a previously held interest in a joint operation is not remeasured on the acquisition of an additional interest in the same joint operation while joint control is retained. In addition, the scope exclusion has been added to IFRS 11 to specify that the amendments do not apply when the parties sharing joint control, including the reporting entity, are under common control of the same ultimate controlling party.

The amendments apply to both the acquisition of the initial interest in a joint operation and the acquisition of any additional interests in the same joint operation and are prospectively effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. We shall consider these amendments for future acquisition of an interest in a joint operation.

Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38, Intangible Assets – Clarification of Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and Amortization. The amendments clarify that a depreciation method that is based on revenue generated by an activity that includes the use of an asset is not appropriate as such methods reflect a pattern of generation of economic benefits that arise from the operation of the business of which an asset is part, rather than the pattern of consumption of an asset’s expected future economic benefits. The amendments are to be applied prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016. The amendments have no significant impact on our financial position or performance since our depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

288

Amendments to IAS 16, Property, Plant and Equipment, and IAS 41, Agriculture – Bearer Plants. The amendments change the accounting requirements for biological assets that meet the definition of bearer plants. Under the amendments, biological assets that meet the definition of bearer plants will no longer be within the scope of IAS 41. Instead, IAS 16 will apply. After initial recognition, bearer plants will be measured under IAS 16 at accumulated cost (before maturity) and using either the cost model or revaluation model (after maturity). The amendments also require that produce that grows on bearer plants will remain in the scope of IAS 41 measured at fair value less costs to sell. For government grants related to bearer plants, IAS 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance, will apply. The amendments are retrospectively effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are not expected to have any impact to us as we do not have any bearer plants.

Amendments to IAS 27, Separate Financial Statements – Equity Method in Separate Financial Statements. The amendments will allow entities to use the equity method to account for investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates in their separate financial statements. Entities already applying IFRS and electing to change the equity method in its separate financial statements will have to apply that change retrospectively. For first-time adopters of IFRS electing to use the equity method in its separate financial statements, they will be required to apply this method from the date of transition to IFRS. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments will not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Amendments to IFRS 10, Consolidated Financial Instruments and IAS 28, Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures – Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture. These amendments address an acknowledged inconsistency between the requirements in IFRS 10 and those in IAS 28 (2011) in dealing with the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture. The amendments require that a full gain or loss is recognized when a transaction involves a business (whether it is housed in a subsidiary or not). A partial gain or loss is recognized when a transaction involves assets that do not constitute a business, even if these assets are housed in a subsidiary. These amendments are effective from annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016.

IFRS 14, Regulatory Deferral Accounts. IFRS 14 is an optional standard that allows an entity, whose activities are subject to rate-regulation, to continue applying most of its existing accounting policies for regulatory deferral account balances upon its first-time adoption of IFRS. Entities that adopt IFRS 14 must present the regulatory deferral accounts as separate line items on the statement of financial position and present movements in these account balances as separate line items in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The standard requires disclosures on the nature of, and risks associated with, the entity’s rate-regulation and the effects of that rate-regulation on its financial statements. IFRS 14 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016. Since we are an existing IFRS preparer, this standard would not apply.

289

The Annual Improvements to IFRSs (2012-2014 Cycle) contain necessary but non-urgent amendments to the following standards:

IFRS 5, Noncurrent Assets Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations – Changes in Methods of Disposal. The amendment is applied prospectively and clarifies that changing from a disposal through sale to a disposal through distribution to owners and vice-versa should not be considered to be a new plan of disposal, rather it is a continuation of the original plan. There is, therefore, no interruption of the application of the requirements in IFRS 5. The amendment also clarifies that changing the disposal method does not change the date of classification.

IFRS 7, Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Servicing Contracts. IFRS 7 requires an entity to provide disclosures for any continuing involvement in a transferred asset that is derecognized in its entirety. The amendment clarifies that a servicing contract that includes a fee can constitute continuing involvement in a financial asset. An entity must assess the nature of the fee and arrangement against the guidance in IFRS 7 in order to assess whether the disclosures are required. The amendment is to be applied such that the assessment of which servicing contracts constitute continuing involvement will need to be done retrospectively. However, comparative disclosures are not required to be provided for any period beginning or after the annual period in which the entity first applies the amendments.

IFRS 7 – Applicability of the Amendments to IFRS 7 to Condensed Interim Financial Statements. This amendment is applied retrospectively and clarifies that the disclosures on offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities are not required in the condensed interim financial report unless they provide a significant update to the information reported in the most recent annual report.

IAS 19, Employee Benefits – Regional Market Issue Regarding Discount Rate. This amendment is applied prospectively and clarifies that market depth of high quality corporate bonds is assessed based on the currency in which the obligation is denominated, rather than the country where the obligation is located. When there is no deep market for high quality corporate bonds in that currency, government bond rates must be used.

IAS 34, Interim Financial Reporting – Disclosure of Information “Elsewhere in the Interim Financial Report”. The amendment is applied retrospectively and clarifies that the required interim disclosures must either be in the interim financial statements or incorporated by cross-reference between the interim financial statements and wherever they are included within the greater interim financial report (e.g., in the management commentary or risk report).

Effective January 1, 2017

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contract with Customers. IFRS 15 was issued in May 2014 and establishes a new five-step model that will apply to revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customers. The principles in IFRS 15 provide a more structured approach to measuring and recognizing revenue. The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all current revenue recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is required for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017 with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact of IFRS 15.

290

Effective January 1, 2018

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments (2014 version). In July 2014, the final version of IFRS 9, Financial Instruments, was issued. IFRS 9 reflects all phrases of the financial instruments project and replaces IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, and all previous versions of IFRS 9. The standard introduces new requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, and hedge accounting. IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early application permitted. Retrospective application is required, but comparative information is not compulsory. Early application of previous versions of IFRS 9 is permitted if the date of initial application is before February 1, 2015.

The adoption of IFRS 9 will have an effect on the classification and measurement of our financial assets and impairment methodology for financial assets, and will have impact on the classification and measurement of the financial liabilities. The adoption will also have an effect on our application of hedge accounting. We are currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard.

3.	Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions

Judgments

291

Assets classified as held-for-sale and discontinued operations

Determination of functional currency

The presentation currency of the PLDT Group is the Philippine peso. Based on the economic substance of the underlying circumstances relevant to the PLDT Group, the functional currency of all entities under PLDT Group is the Philippine peso, except for (a) SMHC, SMI, FECL Group, PLDT Global and certain of its subsidiaries, PGNL and certain of its subsidiaries, DCPL, and certain subsidiaries of Chikka, which use the U.S. dollar; (b) eInnovations, Takatack, 3^rd Brand, CPL and CISP, which use the Singapore dollar; (c) CCCBL, which use the Chinese renminbi; (d) BTMS, which use the Malaysian ringgit; and (e) PTCI, which use the Indonesian rupiah.

Leases

292

Accounting for investments in MediaQuest Holdings, Inc., or MediaQuest, through Philippine Depositary Receipts, or PDRs

ePLDT made various investments in PDRs issued by MediaQuest in relation to its direct interest in Satventures, Inc., or Satventures, and indirect interest in Cignal TV, Inc., or Cignal TV. Satventures is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest and Cignal TV is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Satventures. ePLDT’s investments in PDRs are part of our overall strategy to broaden our distribution platform and increase our ability to deliver multi-media content. On September 27, 2013, the Satventures and Cignal TV PDRs were issued and provided ePLDT a 40% economic interest each in the common shares of Satventures and Cignal TV, or an aggregate of 64% economic interest in Cignal TV.

Estimates and Assumptions

Asset impairment

293

Determining the recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment, investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits, intangible assets, prepayments and other noncurrent assets, requires us to make estimates and assumptions in the determination of future cash flows expected to be generated from the continued use and ultimate disposition of such assets. Future events could cause us to conclude that property, plant and equipment, investments in associates and joint ventures, intangible assets and other noncurrent assets associated with an acquired business are impaired. Any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our financial position and financial performance.

In 2014, SBI and PDSI recognized impairment losses on the net book values of their Canopy and Wimax equipment. Canopy and Wimax technologies have been becoming less preferable as telecommunications operators shift to Long-Term Evolution, or LTE, which offers improved speed from and compatibility with 2G and 3G technologies. The business plan for fixed wireless is to roll-out Time Duplex, or TD, LTE sites in 2014 and 2015 and migrate all existing Canopy and Wimax subscribers to the new technology as network coverage for TD LTE increases. Total impairment losses amounted to Php2,394 million and Php1,223 million for SBI and PDSI, respectively.

294

Total asset impairment on noncurrent assets amounted to Php3,844 million, Php2,143 million and Php2,896 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Estimating useful lives of property, plant and equipment

295

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations, Note 4 – Operating Segment Information and Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment.

Estimating useful lives of intangible assets with finite life

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations, Note 4 – Operating Segment Information and Note 15 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets.

Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life

Recognition of deferred income tax assets

We review the carrying amounts of deferred income tax assets at the end of each reporting period and reduce these to the extent that these are no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax assets to be utilized. Our assessment on the recognition of deferred income tax assets on deductible temporary differences is based on the level and timing of forecasted taxable income of the subsequent reporting periods. This forecast is based on our past results and future expectations on revenues and expenses as well as future tax planning strategies. However, there is no assurance that we will generate sufficient taxable income to allow all or part of our deferred income tax assets to be utilized. We also review the level of projected gross margin for the use of Optional Standard Deduction, or the OSD method, and assess the future tax consequences for the recognition of deferred income tax assets. Based on Smart and SBI’s projected gross margin, they expect to continue using the OSD method in the foreseeable future.

296

Estimating allowance for doubtful accounts

297

Estimating pension benefit costs and other employee benefits

The cost of defined benefit and contribution plans and present value of the pension obligation are determined using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial valuation includes making various assumptions which consists, among other things, discount rates, rates of compensation increases and mortality rates. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits. Due to complexity of valuation, the underlying assumptions and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable and appropriate, significant differences in our actual experience or significant changes in our assumptions may materially affect our cost for pension and other retirement obligations. All assumptions are reviewed every year-end.

298

To ensure the proper execution of our strategic and operational business plans while taking into account the acquisition of Digitel in 2011 and other recent market developments, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP, covering the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014, was approved by the Board of Directors with the endorsement of the Executive Compensation Committee, or ECC, on March 22, 2012. The awards in the 2012 to 2014 LTIP were contingent upon the successful achievement of certain profit targets, intended to align the execution of the business strategies of the expanded PLDT Group, including Digitel, over the three-year period 2012 to 2014. In addition, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP allowed for the participation of a number of senior executives and certain newly hired executives and ensured the continuity of management in line with the succession planning of the PLDT Group. LTIP costs recognized for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 amounted to Php168 million, Php1,638 million and Php1,491 million, respectively. Total outstanding liability and fair value of the 2012 to 2014 LTIP amounted to Php3,297 million and Php3,129 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The LTIP liability as at December 31, 2014 was paid on March 10, 2015. See Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Compensation and Employee Benefits, Note 24 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities and Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Other Long-term Employee Benefits.

Provision for asset retirement obligations

Provision for legal contingencies and tax assessments

We are currently involved in various legal proceedings and tax assessments. Our estimates of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims have been developed in consultation with our counsel handling the defense in these matters and are based upon our analysis of potential results. We currently do not believe these proceedings could materially reduce our revenues and profitability. It is possible, however, that future financial position and performance could be materially affected by changes in our estimates or effectiveness of our strategies relating to these proceedings and assessments. See Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies.

299

Revenue recognition

Our revenue recognition policies require us to make use of estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of our revenues and receivables.

Revenues earned from multiple element agreements offered by our fixed line and wireless businesses are split into separately identifiable components based on their relative fair value in order to reflect the substance of the transaction. Where fair value is not directly observable, the total consideration is allocated using an appropriate allocation method. We account for mobile contracts in accordance with IAS 18, Revenue Recognition, and have concluded that the handset and the mobile services may be accounted for as separate identifiable components. The handset (with activation) is delivered first, followed by the mobile service (which is provided over the contract/lock-in period, generally one or two years). Because some amount of the arrangement consideration that may be allocated to the handset generally is contingent on providing the mobile service, the amount that is allocated to the handset is limited to the cash received (i.e., the amount paid for the handset) at the time of the handset delivery.

Determination of fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities

300

4.	Operating Segment Information

Operating segments are components of the PLDT Group that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses (including revenues and expenses relating to transactions with other components of PLDT Group). The operating results of these operating segments are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker, which we refer to as our Management Committee, to make decisions about how resources are to be allocated to each of the segments and to assess their performances, and for which discrete financial information is available.

For management purposes, we are organized into business units based on our products and services and based on the reorganization as discussed below. We have three reportable operating segments, as follows:

•

Wireless – wireless telecommunications services provided by Smart and DMPI, which owns the Sun Cellular business and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Digitel, our cellular service providers; Wifun, our portal enabler company; SBI and PDSI, our wireless broadband service providers; Voyager and Chikka Group, our wireless content operators; ACeS Philippines, our satellite operator; and certain subsidiaries of PLDT Global, our mobile virtual network operations provider;

•

Fixed Line – fixed line telecommunications services primarily provided by PLDT. We also provide fixed line services through PLDT’s subsidiaries, namely, ClarkTel, SubicTel, Philcom Group, Maratel, SBI, PDSI, BCC, PLDT Global and certain subsidiaries and Digitel, all of which together account for approximately 6% of our consolidated fixed line subscribers; information and communications infrastructure and services for internet applications, internet protocol-based solutions and multimedia content delivery provided by ePLDT, IPCDSI Group, AGS Group and Curo; distribution of Filipino channels and content services provided by PGNL and its subsidiaries; air transportation service provided by PG1; and bills printing and other VAS-related services provided by ePDS; and

•

Others – PGIH, PLDT Digital and its subsidiary, MIC, PGIC and PCEV, our investment companies.

See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 14 – Business Combinations and Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests, for further discussion.

301

As at December 31, 2014, our Management Committee categorized PLDT Group’s business activities into three business units: Wireless, Fixed Line and Others. On December 4, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the sale of our BPO segment, which was completed in April 2013. Consequently, the results of operations of our BPO business for the four months ended April 30, 2013 and for the year ended December 31, 2012 have been presented as discontinued operations. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations and Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Assets Classified as Held-for-Sale and Discontinued Operations.

The Management Committee monitors the operating results of each business unit separately for purposes of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. Segment performance is evaluated based on net income (loss) for the year; earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization, or Adjusted EBITDA; Adjusted EBITDA margin; and core income. Net income (loss) for the year is measured consistent with net income (loss) in our consolidated financial statements.

Adjusted EBITDA for the year is measured as net income from continuing operations excluding depreciation and amortization, amortization of intangible assets, asset impairment on noncurrent assets, financing costs, interest income, equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures, foreign exchange gains (losses) – net, gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net, provision for (benefit from) income tax and other income – net.

Adjusted EBITDA margin for the year is measured as Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations divided by service revenues.

Core income for the year is measured as net income attributable to equity holders of PLDT (net income less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests), excluding foreign exchange gains (losses) – net, gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net (excluding hedge costs), asset impairment on noncurrent assets, other nonrecurring gains (losses), net of tax effect of aforementioned adjustments, as applicable, and similar adjustments to equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures.

Transfer prices between operating segments are on an arm’s length basis similar to transactions with third parties. Segment revenues, segment expenses and segment results include transfers between business segments. These transfers are eliminated in full upon consolidation.

Core earnings per common share, or core EPS, for the year is measured as core income divided by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares. See Note 8 – Earnings Per Common Share for the weighted average number of common shares.

Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, core income and core EPS are non-IFRS measures.

302

The amounts of segment assets and liabilities and segment profit or loss are based on measurement principles that are similar to those used in measuring the assets and liabilities and profit or loss in our consolidated financial statements, which is in accordance with IFRS.

The segment revenues, net income, and other segment information of our reportable operating segments as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	Wireless			Fixed Line			Others			Inter-segment Transactions			Consolidated
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Revenues
External customers		117,297			53,665			—			—			170,962
Service revenues (Note 3)		113,455			51,615			—			—			165,070
Non-service revenues (Notes 3 and 5)		3,842			2,050			—			—			5,892
Inter-segment transactions		1,582			13,570			—			(15,152	)		—
Service revenues (Note 3)		1,582			13,549			—			(15,131	)		—
Non-service revenues (Notes 3 and 5)		—			21			—			(21	)		—

Total revenues		118,879			67,235			—			(15,152	)		170,962


Results
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3 and 9)		16,375			15,004			—			—			31,379
Asset impairment (Notes 3, 5, 9, 10, 17, 18 and 28)		5,620			426			—			—			6,046
Equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures (Note 10)		(11	)		63			3,789			—			3,841
Interest income (Note 5)		217			350			295			(110	)		752
Financing costs – net (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 28)		1,646			3,724			60			(110	)		5,320
Provision for income tax (Notes 3 and 7)		7,158			2,818			82			—			10,058
Net income / Segment profit		21,895			6,722			5,473			—			34,090
Adjusted EBITDA		50,917			25,612			(56	)		404			76,877
Adjusted EBITDA margin		44	%		39	%		—			(3	%)		47	%
Core income		25,176			6,691			5,543			—			37,410


Assets and liabilities
Operating assets		200,981			199,098			34,791			(57,752	)		377,118
Investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits (Notes 3 and 10)		492			11,956			29,598			—			42,046
Deferred income tax assets – net (Notes 3 and 7)		3,504			13,627			—			—			17,131

Total assets		204,977			224,681			64,389			(57,752	)		436,295


Operating liabilities		143,463			169,706			13,867			(29,836	)		297,200
Deferred income tax liabilities – net (Notes 3 and 7)		3,367			1,015			45			—			4,427

Total liabilities		146,830			170,721			13,912			(29,836	)		301,627


Other segment information
Capital expenditures, including capitalized interest (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 22)		23,048			11,711			—			—			34,759


December 31, 2013
Revenues
External customers		117,615			50,716			—			—			168,331
Service revenues (Note 3)		114,971			49,081			—			—			164,052
Non-service revenues (Notes 3 and 5)		2,644			1,635			—			—			4,279
Inter-segment transactions		1,708			12,851			—			(14,559	)		—
Service revenues (Note 3)		1,708			12,789			—			(14,497	)		—
Non-service revenues (Notes 3 and 5)		—			62			—			(62	)		—

Total revenues		119,323			63,567			—			(14,559	)		168,331

303


	Wireless			Fixed Line			Others			Inter-segment Transactions			Consolidated
	(in million pesos)

Results
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3 and 9)		16,358			13,946			—			—			30,304
Asset impairment (Notes 3, 5, 9, 10, 17, 18 and 28)		3,918			1,625			—			—			5,543
Equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures (Note 10)		(54	)		(86	)		2,882			—			2,742
Interest income (Note 5)		324			392			249			(33	)		932
Financing costs – net (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 28)		3,232			3,390			—			(33	)		6,589
Provision for (benefit from) income tax (Notes 3 and 7)		8,862			(698	)		84			—			8,248
Net income / Segment profit		21,921			7,809			3,508			146			35,453
Continuing operations		21,921			7,809			3,508			146			33,384
Discontinued operations (Notes 2 and 8)		—			—			—			—			2,069
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		54,703			22,274			(5	)		580			77,552
Adjusted EBITDA margin		47	%		36	%		—			(4	%)		47	%
Core income		26,499			9,061			3,110			146			38,717
Continuing operations		26,499			9,061			3,110			146			38,816
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			—			(99	)


Assets and liabilities
Operating assets		195,212			172,293			15,522			(38,880	)		344,147
Investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits (Notes 3 and 10)		—			11,685			29,625			—			41,310
Deferred income tax assets – net (Notes 3 and 7)		999			13,182			—			—			14,181

Total assets		196,211			197,160			45,147			(38,880	)		399,638


Operating liabilities		133,977			143,891			1,220			(21,213	)		257,875
Deferred income tax liabilities – net (Notes 3 and 7)		3,591			819			27			—			4,437

Total liabilities		137,568			144,710			1,247			(21,213	)		262,312


Other segment information
Capital expenditures, including capitalized interest (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 22)		17,092			11,746			—			—			28,838


December 31, 2012
Revenues
External customers		114,260			48,773			—			—			163,033
Service revenues (Note 3)		112,107			47,631			—			—			159,738
Non-service revenues (Notes 3 and 5)		2,153			1,142			—			—			3,295
Inter-segment transactions		1,672			11,473			—			(13,145	)		—
Service revenues (Note 3)		1,672			11,440			—			(13,112	)		—
Non-service revenues (Notes 3 and 5)		—			33			—			(33	)		—

Total revenues		115,932			60,246			—			(13,145	)		163,033


Results
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3 and 9)		19,000			13,354			—			—			32,354
Asset impairment (Notes 3, 5, 9, 10, 17, 18 and 28)		4,218			1,068			—			—			5,286
Equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures (Note 10)		(78	)		108			1,508			—			1,538
Interest income (Note 5)		565			713			76			—			1,354
Financing costs – net (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 28)		2,683			4,193			—			—			6,876
Provision for (benefit from) income tax (Notes 3 and 7)		8,094			(51	)		7			—			8,050
Net income / Segment profit		25,014			5,740			4,333			469			36,099
Continuing operations		25,014			5,740			4,333			469			35,556
Discontinued operations (Notes 2 and 8)		—			—			—			—			543

304


	Wireless			Fixed Line			Others			Inter-segment Transactions			Consolidated
	(in million pesos)
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		54,480			20,089			(18	)		837			75,388
Adjusted EBITDA margin		48	%		34	%		—			(6	%)		47	%
Core income		25,694			5,769			4,424			469			36,907
Continuing operations		25,694			5,769			4,424			469			36,356
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			—			551


Assets and liabilities
Operating assets		202,494			182,223			9,979			(36,933	)		357,763
Investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits (Notes 3 and 10)		54			6,222			20,801			—			27,077
Deferred income tax assets – net (Notes 3 and 7)		754			6,471			—			—			7,225
Assets classified as held-for-sale		—			638			—			—			13,750

Total assets		203,302			195,554			30,780			(36,933	)		405,815

Operating liabilities		134,524			138,338			4,788			(25,893	)		251,757
Deferred income tax liabilities – net (Notes 3 and 7)		4,918			795			—			—			5,713
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held-for-sale		—			—			—			—			2,611

Total liabilities		139,442			139,133			4,788			(25,893	)		260,081


Other segment information
Capital expenditures, including capitalized interest (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 22)		22,058			13,726			612			—			36,396

305

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		76,877			77,552			75,388
Add (deduct) adjustments to continuing operations:
Other income – net		4,853			4,113			5,813
Equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures (Note 10)		3,841			2,742			1,538
Interest income (Notes 5, 12 and 16)		752			932			1,354
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net (Note 28)		(101	)		511			(2,009	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net (Note 28)		(382	)		(2,893	)		3,282
Amortization of intangible assets (Notes 3 and 15)		(1,149	)		(1,020	)		(921	)
Fixed assets and other noncurrent asset impairment (Notes 3, 5 and 9)		(3,844	)		(2,143	)		(2,896	)
Financing costs – net (Notes 5, 9, 21 and 28)		(5,320	)		(6,589	)		(6,876	)
Provision for income tax (Notes 3 and 7)		(10,058	)		(8,248	)		(8,050	)
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 3 and 9)		(31,379	)		(30,304	)		(32,354	)
Retroactive effect of adoption of Revised IAS 19⁽¹⁾		—			(1,269	)		1,287

Total adjustments		(42,787	)		(44,168	)		(39,832	)


Net income from continuing operations		34,090			33,384			35,556
Net income from discontinued operations (Note 8)		—			2,069			543

Consolidated net income		34,090			35,453			36,099

⁽¹⁾

The Revised IAS 19 modifies the timing of recognition for termination benefits. The modification requires termination benefits to be recognized at the earlier of when the offer cannot be withdrawn or when the related restructuring costs are recognized.

306

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated core income to our consolidated net income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Core income from continuing operations		37,410			38,816			36,356
Core income from discontinued operations		—			(99	)		551

Consolidated core income		37,410			38,717			36,907
Add (deduct) adjustments to continuing operations:
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net, excluding hedge costs (Note 28)		208			816			(1,689	)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(1	)		33			(49	)
Core income adjustment on equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures		(79	)		59			(91	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net (Note 28)		(382	)		(2,893	)		3,282
Fixed assets and other noncurrent asset impairment (Notes 3, 5 and 9)		(3,844	)		(2,143	)		(2,896	)
Casualty losses due to typhoon “Yolanda”		—			(878	)		—
Retroactive effect of adoption of Revised IAS 19⁽¹⁾		—			(1,269	)		1,287
Net tax effect of aforementioned adjustments		778			843			(644	)

Total adjustments		(3,320	)		(5,432	)		(800	)


Adjustments to discontinued operations		—			2,168			(8	)


Net income from continuing operations		34,090			33,384			35,556
Net income from discontinued operations (Note 8)		—			2,069			543

Consolidated net income		34,090			35,453			36,099

⁽¹⁾

307

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated basic and diluted core EPS to our consolidated basic and diluted EPS attributable to common equity holder of PLDT for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014						2013						2012
	Basic			Diluted			Basic			Diluted			Basic			Diluted
Core EPS from continuing operations		172.88			172.88			179.38			179.38			168.03			168.03
Core EPS from discontinued operations		—			—			(0.45	)		(0.45	)		2.55			2.55

Consolidated core EPS		172.88			172.88			178.93			178.93			170.58			170.58
Add (deduct) adjustments to continuing operations:
Gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments – net, excluding hedge costs (Note 28)		0.55			0.55			2.65			2.65			(5.47	)		(5.47	)
Core income adjustment on equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures		(0.37	)		(0.37	)		0.27			0.27			(0.42	)		(0.42	)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) – net (Note 28)		(1.40	)		(1.40	)		(9.61	)		(9.61	)		10.63			10.63
Fixed assets and other noncurrent asset impairment (Notes 3, 5 and 9)		(14.15	)		(14.15	)		(9.92	)		(9.92	)		(13.40	)		(13.40	)
Casualty losses due to typhoon “Yolanda”		—			—			(3.58	)		(3.58	)		—			—
Retroactive effect of adoption of Revised IAS 19⁽¹⁾		—			—			(5.10	)		(5.10	)		5.18			5.18

Total adjustments		(15.37	)		(15.37	)		(25.29	)		(25.29	)		(3.48	)		(3.48	)


Adjustments to discontinued operations		—			—			10.03			10.03			(0.03	)		(0.03	)


EPS from continuing operations attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 8)		157.51			157.51			154.09			154.09			164.55			164.55
EPS from discontinued operations attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 8)		—			—			9.58			9.58			2.52			2.52


Consolidated EPS attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 8)		157.51			157.51			163.67			163.67			167.07			167.07

⁽¹⁾

The following table presents our revenues from external customers by category of products and services for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Wireless services
Service revenues:
Cellular		102,353		104,278		102,044
Broadband, satellite and others		11,102		10,693		10,063

		113,455		114,971		112,107
Non-service revenues:
Sale of cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs and broadband data modems		3,842		2,644		2,153

Total wireless revenues		117,297		117,615		114,260

308


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Fixed line services
Service revenues:
Local exchange		16,487		16,173		16,357
International long distance		6,534		6,848		6,909
National long distance		3,986		4,205		4,678
Data and other network		23,731		21,077		18,975
Miscellaneous		877		778		712

		51,615		49,081		47,631
Non-service revenues:
Sale of computers		1,522		1,160		551
Point-product-sales (Note 5)		528		475		591

		2,050		1,635		1,142

Total fixed line revenues		53,665		50,716		48,773

Total revenues from continuing operations		170,962		168,331		163,033

Disclosure of the geographical distribution of our revenues from external customers and the geographical location of our total assets are not provided since the majority of our consolidated revenues are derived from our operations within the Philippines.

There is no revenue transaction with a single external customer that accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated revenues from external customers for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

5.	Income and Expenses

Non-service Revenues

Non-service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Sale of computers, cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs and broadband data modems		5,364		3,804		2,704
Point-product-sales		528		475		591

Total non-service revenues (Note 4)		5,892		4,279		3,295

309

Compensation and Employee Benefits

Compensation and employee benefits for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Salaries and other employee benefits		16,637		17,034		17,462
Pension benefit costs (Notes 3 and 26)		1,702		828		525
Manpower rightsizing program, or MRP		242		1,869		2,521
Incentive plans (Notes 3 and 26)		168		1,638		1,491

Total compensation and employee benefits		18,749		21,369		21,999

Over the past several years, we have been implementing the MRP in line with our continuing efforts to reduce the cost base of our businesses. The decision to implement the MRP was a result of challenges faced by our businesses as significant changes in technology, increasing competition, and shifting market preferences have reshaped the future of our businesses. The MRP is being implemented in compliance with the Labor Code of the Philippines and all other relevant labor laws and regulations in the Philippines.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Cost of computers, cellular handsets, cellular SIM-packs sold and broadband data modems		13,055		11,380		8,074
Cost of point-product-sales		432		376		593
Cost of satellite air time and terminal units (Note 25)		25		50		80

Total cost of sales		13,512		11,806		8,747

Asset Impairment

Asset impairment for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Property, plant and equipment (Notes 3 and 9)		3,844		2,142		2,881
Trade and other receivables (Notes 3 and 17)		2,023		3,171		2,175
Inventories and supplies (Note 18)		179		229		215
Others		—		1		15

Total asset impairment		6,046		5,543		5,286

310

Interest Income

Interest income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Interest income on other loans and receivables		533		790		1,310
Interest income on HTM investments (Note 12)		211		135		31
Interest income on FVPL		8		7		13

Total interest income (Note 4)		752		932		1,354

Financing Costs – net

Financing costs – net for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Interest on loans and other related items (Notes 21 and 28)		5,429			5,086			6,319
Financing charges		168			383			418
Accretion on financial liabilities (Notes 21 and 28)		165			1,541			1,053
Capitalized interest (Note 9)		(442	)		(421	)		(914	)

Total financing costs – net (Note 4)		5,320			6,589			6,876

6.	Components of Other Comprehensive Income

Changes in other comprehensive income under equity of our consolidated statements of financial position for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	Foreign currency translation differences of subsidiaries			Net gains on available-for-sale financial investments – net of tax			Net transactions on cash flow hedges – net of tax			Revaluation increment on investment properties – net of tax			Actuarial gain (losses) on defined benefit plans – net of tax			Share in the other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method			Total other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to equity holders of PLDT			Share of noncontrolling interests			Total other comprehensive income (loss) – net of tax
	(in million pesos)
Balances as at January 1, 2014		496			67			40			239			(13,333	)		1,010			(11,481	)		(2	)		(11,483	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(7	)		8,144			(74	)		364			(4,874	)		(357	)		3,196			4			3,200

Balances as at December 31, 2014		489			8,211			(34	)		603			(18,207	)		653			(8,285	)		2			(8,283	)


Balances as at January 1, 2013		441			75			44			240			(4,177	)		(10	)		(3,387	)		6			(3,381	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		802			(8	)		(16	)		(1	)		(9,156	)		1,020			(7,359	)		(8	)		(7,367	)
Discontinued operations (Note 2)		(747	)		—			12			—			—			—			(735	)		—			(735	)

Balances as at December 31, 2013		496			67			40			239			(13,333	)		1,010			(11,481	)		(2	)		(11,483	)


Balances as at January 1, 2012		(1,014	)		52			14			314			2,099			(10	)		1,455			8			1,463
Revaluation increment removed from other comprehensive income taken to retained earnings		—			—			—			(105	)		—			—			(105	)		—			(105	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(795	)		23			92			31			(6,231	)		—			(6,880	)		(2	)		(6,882	)
Discontinued operations (Note 2)		2,250			—			(62	)		—			(45	)		—			2,143			—			2,143

Balances as at December 31, 2012		441			75			44			240			(4,177	)		(10	)		(3,387	)		6			(3,381	)

311

Revaluation increment on investment properties pertains to the difference between the carrying value and fair value of property, plant and equipment transferred to investment property at the time of change in classification.

7.	Income Taxes

Corporate Income Tax

The major components of consolidated net deferred income tax assets and liabilities recognized in our consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Net deferred income tax assets (Notes 3 and 4)		17,131		14,181
Net deferred income tax liabilities (Note 4)		4,427		4,437

312

The components of our consolidated net deferred income tax assets and liabilities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Net deferred income tax assets:
Pension and other employee benefits		4,484			3,623
Unamortized past service pension costs		3,026			2,312
Accumulated provision for doubtful accounts		2,579			2,597
Fixed asset impairment		2,531			125
Unearned revenues		2,179			2,980
Unrealized foreign exchange losses		1,475			1,548
Customer list		1,115			1,318
Provision for other assets		461			367
Derivative financial instruments		435			528
Accumulated write-down of inventories to net realizable values		210			205
NOLCO		100			130
MCIT		2			34
Undepreciated capitalized interest charges		(1,554	)		(1,751	)
Others		88			165

Total deferred income tax assets – net		17,131			14,181


Net deferred income tax liabilities:
Intangible assets and fair value adjustment on assets acquired – net of amortization		2,973			3,182
Unrealized foreign exchange gains		689			675
Unamortized fair value adjustment on fixed assets from business combinations		511			644
Undepreciated capitalized interest charges		9			9
Others		245			(73	)

Total deferred income tax liabilities – net		4,427			4,437

313

Changes in our consolidated net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Net deferred income tax assets – balance at beginning of the year (Notes 3 and 4)		14,181			7,225
Net deferred income tax liabilities – balance at beginning of the year (Note 4)		(4,437	)		(5,713	)

Net balance at beginning of the year		9,744			1,512
Movement charged directly to other comprehensive income		1,988			3,833
Benefit from deferred income tax		1,024			4,401
Excess MCIT deducted against RCIT due		(33	)		(9	)
Others		(19	)		7

Net balance at end of the year		12,704			9,744

Net deferred income tax assets – balance at end of the year (Notes 3 and 4)		17,131			14,181
Net deferred income tax liabilities – balance at end of the year (Note 4)		(4,427	)		(4,437	)

The analysis of our consolidated net deferred income tax assets as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Deferred income tax assets:
Deferred income tax assets to be recovered after 12 months		16,432			13,181
Deferred income tax assets to be recovered within 12 months		2,828			3,283

		19,260			16,464

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled after 12 months		(1,666	)		(1,645	)
Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled within 12 months		(463	)		(638	)

		(2,129	)		(2,283	)

Net deferred income tax assets (Notes 3 and 4)		17,131			14,181

314

The analysis of our consolidated net deferred income tax liabilities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Deferred income tax assets:
Deferred income tax assets to be recovered after 12 months		34			58
Deferred income tax assets to be recovered within 12 months		8			15

		42			73

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled after 12 months		(3,728	)		(4,005	)
Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled within 12 months		(741	)		(505	)

		(4,469	)		(4,510	)

Net deferred income tax liabilities (Note 4)		(4,427	)		(4,437	)

Provision for (benefit from) corporate income tax from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 consist of:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Current		11,082			12,649			8,969
Deferred (Note 3)		(1,024	)		(4,401	)		(919	)

		10,058			8,248			8,050

315

The reconciliation between the provision for income tax at the applicable statutory tax rate and the actual provision for corporate income tax for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Provision for income tax at the applicable statutory tax rate:
Continuing operations		13,244			12,490			13,082
Discontinued operations (Note 2)		—			637			291

		13,244			13,127			13,373


Tax effects of:
Nondeductible expenses		450			235			1,372
Income subject to lower tax rate		(110	)		(702	)		(834	)
Income subject to final tax		(224	)		(899	)		(933	)
Difference between OSD and itemized deductions		(242	)		(1,397	)		—
Income not subject to income tax		(417	)		(622	)		(1,853	)
Equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures		(1,152	)		(822	)		(461	)
Net movement in unrecognized deferred income tax assets and other adjustments		(1,491	)		(617	)		(2,186	)

		(3,186	)		(4,824	)		(4,895	)


Actual provision for corporate income tax:
Continuing operations		10,058			8,248			8,050
Discontinued operations (Note 2)		—			55			428

		10,058			8,303			8,478

In accordance with Republic Act 9504 as implemented by Revenue Regulations No. 16-2008, corporations may elect a standard deduction in an amount equivalent to 40% of gross income in lieu of the itemized allowed deductions.

For taxable year 2014, Smart opted to use the OSD method in computing its taxable income. In line with this, certain deferred income tax assets and liabilities of Smart, for which the related income and expenses are not considered in determining gross income for income tax purposes, are not recognized as deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position. This is because the manner by which they expect to recover or settle the underlying assets and liabilities would not result in any future tax consequence. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities, for which the related income and expenses are considered in determining gross income for income tax purposes, are recognized only to the extent of their future tax consequence assuming the OSD method was applied, which results in such deferred income tax assets and liabilities being reduced by the 40% allowable deduction that are provided for under the OSD method. Accordingly, the deferred income tax assets and liabilities that were not recognized due to the OSD method amounted to Php4,259 million and Php4,496 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Recognition of Deferred Income Tax Assets.

316

The breakdown of our consolidated deductible temporary differences, carryforward benefits of unused tax credits from excess of MCIT over RCIT, and NOLCO (excluding those not recognized due to the adoption of the OSD method) for which no deferred income tax assets were recognized and the equivalent amount of unrecognized deferred income tax assets as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Fixed asset impairment		9,250		20,507
NOLCO		7,966		2,085
Unearned revenues		5,036		6,529
Accumulated provision for doubtful accounts		4,321		3,765
Provisions for other assets		3,611		5,694
Pension and other employee benefits		1,356		362
Asset retirement obligation		859		537
MCIT		395		382
Accumulated write-down of inventories to net realizable values		119		191
Derivative financial instruments		69		130
Unrealized foreign exchange losses		40		34
Operating lease and others		218		314

		33,240		40,530

Unrecognized deferred income tax assets (Note 3)		10,248		12,426

DMPI recognized deferred income tax assets to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax assets to be utilized. DMPI’s deferred income tax assets that were recognized amounted to Php1,461 million and nil as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Digitel and DMPI’s unrecognized deferred income tax assets amounted to Php9,564 million and Php12,172 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Our consolidated deferred income tax assets have been recorded to the extent that such consolidated deferred income tax assets are expected to be utilized against sufficient future taxable profit. Deferred income tax assets related to the preceding table were not recognized as we believe that future taxable profit will not be sufficient to realize these deductible temporary differences and carryforward benefits of unused tax credits from excess of MCIT over RCIT, and NOLCO in the future.

The breakdown of our consolidated excess MCIT and NOLCO as at December 31, 2014 are as follows:


Date Incurred	Expiry Date	MCIT			NOLCO
		(in million pesos)
December 31, 2012	December 31, 2015		91			55
December 31, 2013	December 31, 2016		232			2,071
December 31, 2014	December 31, 2017		74			6,174

			397			8,300

Consolidated tax benefits			397			2,490
Consolidated unrecognized deferred income tax assets			(395	)		(2,390	)

Consolidated recognized deferred income tax assets			2			100

317

The excess MCIT totaling Php397 million as at December 31, 2014 can be deducted against future RCIT due. The excess MCIT that was deducted against RCIT due amounted to Php33 million, Php9 million and Php37 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The amount of expired portion of excess MCIT amounted to Php61 million, Php11 million and Php8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

NOLCO totaling Php8,300 million as at December 31, 2014 can be claimed as deduction against future taxable income. The NOLCO claimed as deduction against taxable income amounted to Php130 million, Php6,643 million and Php3,989 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The amount of expired portion of excess NOLCO amounted to Php39 million, Php23 million and Php425 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Registration with Subic Bay Freeport Enterprise and Clark Special Economic Zone Enterprise

SubicTel is registered as a Subic Bay Freeport Enterprise, while ClarkTel is registered as a Clark Special Economic Zone Enterprise under Republic Act 7227, or R.A. 7227, otherwise known as the Bases Conversion and Development Act of 1992. As registrants, SubicTel and ClarkTel are entitled to all the rights, privileges and benefits established thereunder including tax and duty-free importation of capital equipment and a special income tax rate of 5% of gross income, as defined in R.A. 7227.

Registration with Philippine Economic Zone Authorities, or PEZA

On July 23, 2013, PEZA approved IPCDSI’s application for pioneer status as an Ecozone IT Enterprise and was granted a three-year income tax holiday, or ITH, for its expansion project up to June 29, 2015. Income from its IT operations shall be covered by the 5% gross income tax incentive, in lieu of all national and local taxes, including additional deductions for training expenses.

Consolidated income derived from non-registered activities with Economic Zone and BOI is subject to the RCIT rate at the end of the reporting period.

Consolidated tax incentives that were availed from registration with Economic Zone and BOI amounted to Php40 million, Php39 million and Php190 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

318

8.	Earnings Per Common Share

The following table presents information necessary to calculate the EPS for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014						2013						2012
	Basic			Diluted			Basic			Diluted			Basic			Diluted
	(in million pesos)
Net income attributable to equity holders of PLDT from:
Continuing operations		34,091			34,091			33,351			33,351			35,605			35,605
Discontinued operations (Notes 2 and 4)		—			—			2,069			2,069			543			543

Consolidated net income attributable to equity holders of PLDT (Note 4)		34,091			34,091			35,420			35,420			36,148			36,148
Dividends on preferred shares (Note 20)		(59	)		(59	)		(60	)		(60	)		(52	)		(52	)

Consolidated net income attributable to common equity holders of PLDT		34,032			34,032			35,360			35,360			36,096			36,096


	(in thousands, except per share amounts which are in pesos)

Outstanding common shares at beginning of the year		216,056			216,056			216,056			216,056			214,436			214,436
Effect of issuance of common shares during the year		—			—			—			—			1,619			1,619

Weighted average number of common shares		216,056			216,056			216,056			216,056			216,055			216,055

EPS from continuing operations attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 4)		157.51			157.51			154.09			154.09			164.55			164.55
EPS from discontinued operations attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Notes 2 and 4)		—			—			9.58			9.58			2.52			2.52

EPS attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (Note 4)		157.51			157.51			163.67			163.67			167.07			167.07

Basic EPS amounts are calculated by dividing our consolidated net income for the year attributable to common equity holders of PLDT (consolidated net income adjusted for dividends on all series of preferred shares, except for dividends on preferred stock subject to mandatory redemption) by the weighted average number of common shares issued and outstanding during the year.

Diluted EPS amounts are calculated in the same manner assuming that, at the beginning of the year or at the time of issuance during the year, all outstanding options are exercised and convertible preferred shares are converted to common shares, and appropriate adjustments to our consolidated net income are effected for the related income and expenses on preferred shares. Outstanding stock options will have a dilutive effect only when the average market price of the underlying common share during the year exceeds the exercise price of the stock option.

Convertible preferred shares are deemed dilutive when required dividends declared on each series of convertible preferred shares divided by the number of equivalent common shares, assuming such convertible preferred shares are converted to common shares, decreases the basic EPS. As such, the diluted EPS is calculated by dividing our consolidated net income attributable to common shareholders (consolidated net income, adding back any dividends and/or other charges recognized for the year related to the dilutive convertible preferred shares classified as liability, less dividends on non-dilutive preferred shares except for dividends on preferred stock subject to mandatory redemption) by the weighted average number of common shares excluding the weighted average number of common shares held as treasury shares, and including the common shares equivalent arising from the conversion of the dilutive convertible preferred shares and from the mandatory tender offer for all remaining Digitel shares.

319

Where the effect of the assumed conversion of the preferred shares and the exercise of all outstanding options have an anti-dilutive effect, basic and diluted EPS are stated at the same amount.

320

9.	Property, Plant and Equipment

Changes in property, plant and equipment account for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	Cable and wire facilities			Central office equipment			Cellular facilities			Buildings and improvements			Vehicles, aircraft, furniture and other network equipment			Communications satellite			Information origination and termination equipment			Land and land improvements			Property under construction			Total
	(in million pesos)
As at January 1, 2013
Cost		157,036			95,258			100,935			24,333			42,628			966			9,341			3,224			47,312			481,033
Accumulated depreciation, impairment and amortization		(96,545	)		(74,730	)		(52,543	)		(12,417	)		(35,218	)		(966	)		(8,278	)		(258	)		—			(280,955	)

Net book value		60,491			20,528			48,392			11,916			7,410			—			1,063			2,966			47,312			200,078


Year Ended December 31, 2013
Net book value at beginning of the year		60,491			20,528			48,392			11,916			7,410			—			1,063			2,966			47,312			200,078
Additions		2,456			583			5,331			333			1,908			—			627			437			16,802			28,477
Disposals/Retirements		(626	)		(128	)		(269	)		(42	)		(107	)		—			(1	)		(440	)		(384	)		(1,997	)
Translation differences charged directly to cumulative translation adjustments		8			(3	)		—			(3	)		10			—			—			—			—			12
Impairment losses recognized during the year (Note 5)		(305	)		—			(1,778	)		—			(50	)		—			(9	)		—			—			(2,142	)
Reclassifications (Note 13)		21			64			1,086			(147	)		(10	)		—			—			(280	)		(2,191	)		(1,457	)
Transfers and others		4,643			3,172			5,172			272			1,053			—			179			3			(14,494	)		—
Depreciation of revaluation increment on investment properties transferred to property, plant and equipment charged to other comprehensive income		—			—			—			(2	)		—			—			—			—			—			(2	)
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 2, 3 and 4)		(9,984	)		(3,788	)		(10,923	)		(1,325	)		(3,680	)		—			(602	)		(2	)		—			(30,304	)

Net book value at end of the year (Note 3)		56,704			20,428			47,011			11,002			6,534			—			1,257			2,684			47,045			192,665


As at December 31, 2013
Cost		175,695			115,625			152,885			26,441			48,595			966			11,091			2,943			47,045			581,286
Accumulated depreciation, impairment and amortization		(118,991	)		(95,197	)		(105,874	)		(15,439	)		(42,061	)		(966	)		(9,834	)		(259	)		—			(388,621	)

Net book value (Note 3)		56,704			20,428			47,011			11,002			6,534			—			1,257			2,684			47,045			192,665


Year Ended December 31, 2014
Net book value at beginning of the year (Note 3)		56,704			20,428			47,011			11,002			6,534			—			1,257			2,684			47,045			192,665
Additions		1,788			472			9,233			181			2,246			—			544			5			20,430			34,899
Disposals/Retirements		(14	)		(21	)		(173	)		(36	)		(57	)		—			—			—			(1	)		(302	)
Translation differences charged directly to cumulative translation adjustments		—			1			—			—			1			—			—			—			—			2
Acquisition through business combinations (Note 14)		—			—			—			—			502			—			—			—			192			694
Reclassifications (Note 13)		(57	)		(202	)		23			(1	)		(162	)		—			114			508			(972	)		(749	)

Transfers and others		5,683			4,431			3,960			333			2,125			—			92			4			(16,628	)		—
Impairment losses recognized during the year (Notes 3 and 5)		(1	)		(227	)		(3,606	)		—			(10	)		—			—			—			—			(3,844	)
Depreciation of revaluation increment on investment properties transferred to property, plant and equipment charged to other comprehensive income		—			—			—			(2	)		—			—			—			—			—			(2	)
Depreciation and amortization (Notes 2, 3 and 4)		(9,944	)		(4,807	)		(11,243	)		(1,337	)		(3,363	)		—			(684	)		(1	)		—			(31,379	)

Net book value at end of the year (Note 3)		54,159			20,075			45,205			10,140			7,816			—			1,323			3,200			50,066			191,984


As at December 31, 2014
Cost		182,019			118,149			161,246			26,844			51,017			966			11,830			3,461			50,066			605,598
Accumulated depreciation, impairment and amortization		(127,860	)		(98,074	)		(116,041	)		(16,704	)		(43,201	)		(966	)		(10,507	)		(261	)		—			(413,614	)

Net book value (Note 3)		54,159			20,075			45,205			10,140			7,816			—			1,323			3,200			50,066			191,984

321

Substantially all of our telecommunications equipment were purchased outside the Philippines. Our significant sources of financing for such purchases are foreign loans requiring repayment in currencies other than the Philippine peso, which are principally in U.S. dollars. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

Interest capitalized to property, plant and equipment that qualified as borrowing costs amounted to Php442 million, Php421 million and Php914 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. See Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Financing Costs, net. Our undepreciated interest capitalized to property, plant and equipment that qualified as borrowing costs amounted to Php6,124 million and Php6,885 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The average interest capitalization rates used were approximately 4% for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 5% for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

Our undepreciated capitalized net foreign exchange losses that qualified as borrowing costs amounted to Php143 million and Php80 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Our net foreign exchange differences, which qualified as borrowing costs amounted to Php71 million, Php80 million and nil for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The useful lives of our property, plant and equipment are estimated as follows:


Cable and wire facilities			10 – 15 years
Central office equipment			3 – 15 years
Cellular facilities			3 – 10 years
Buildings			25 years
Vehicles, aircraft, furniture and other network equipment			3 – 7 years
Information origination and termination equipment			3 – 5 years
Leasehold improvements			3 – 5 years
Land improvements			10 years

Property, plant and equipment include the net carrying value of capitalized vehicles, aircraft, furniture and other network equipment under financing leases, which amounted to Php10 million and Php18 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Obligations under Finance Leases.

322

Impairment of Certain Network Equipment and Facilities

In 2014, SBI and PDSI recognized impairment loss on the net book value of their Canopy and Wimax equipment. Canopy and Wimax technologies have been becoming less preferable as telecommunications operators to shift to Long-Term Evolution, or LTE, which offers improved speed from and compatibility with 2G and 3G technologies. The business plan for fixed wireless is to roll-out TD LTE sites in 2014 and 2015 and migrate all existing Canopy and Wimax subscribers to the new technology as network coverage for TD-LTE increases. Total impairment losses amounted to Php2,394 million and Php1,223 million for SBI and PDSI, respectively.

See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Asset Impairment.

323

10.

Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Carrying value of investments in associates:
MediaQuest (Notes 3 and 26)		9,575		9,522
Beta		545		—
Automated Fare Collection System, Inc., or AFCSI		492		—
Digitel Crossing, Inc., or DCI		131		102
PG1 (Notes 2 and 14)		—		111
ACeS International Limited, or AIL		—		—
Asia Netcom Philippines Corp., or ANPC		—		—

		10,743		9,735

Carrying value of investments in joint ventures:
Beacon		29,053		29,625
PLDT Italy S.r.l., or PLDT Italy		—		—

		29,053		29,625

Deposit for future PDRs subscription:
MediaQuest (Notes 3 and 26)		2,250		1,950

Total carrying value of investments in associates, joint ventures and deposits (Note 4)		42,046		41,310

Changes in the cost of investments and deposits for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Balance at beginning of the year		37,074			26,312
Additions during the year		803			5,557
Business combinations (Note 14)		(155	)		—
Reclassification		—			5,440
Disposal during the year		—			(254	)
Translation and other adjustments		2			19

Balance at end of the year		37,724			37,074

Changes in the accumulated impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Balance at beginning of the year		1,883		1,877
Translation and other adjustments		1		6

Balance at end of the year		1,884		1,883

324

Changes in the accumulated equity share in net earnings of associates and joint ventures for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Balance at beginning of the year		6,119			2,642
Equity share in net earnings (losses) of associates and joint ventures (Note 4):		3,841			2,742
Beacon		3,222			2,769
Beta		567			113
MediaQuest		53			(78	)
DCI		24			13
AFCSI		(11	)		—
PG1		(14	)		(21	)
Mobile Payment Solutions Pte. Ltd., or MPS		—			(54	)
Realized portion of deferred gain on the transfer of Manila Electric Company, or Meralco, shares		1,418			—
Business combinations (Note 14)		58			—
Share in the other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method		(357	)		1,020
Dividends		(4,855	)		(405	)
Disposals		–			253
Translation and other adjustments		(18	)		(133	)

Balance at end of the year		6,206			6,119

Investments in Associates

Investment in MediaQuest

In 2012, ePLDT made deposits totaling Php6 billion to MediaQuest, an entity wholly-owned by the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund for the issuance of PDRs by MediaQuest in relation to its indirect interest in Cignal TV. Cignal TV is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Satventures, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest. The Cignal TV PDRs confer an economic interest in common shares of Cignal TV indirectly owned by MediaQuest, and when issued, will provide ePLDT with a 40% economic interest in Cignal TV. Cignal TV operates a direct-to-home, or DTH, Pay-TV business under the brand name “Cignal TV”, which is the largest DTH Pay-TV operator in the Philippines with 844 thousand net subscribers as at December 31, 2014.

On March 5, 2013, PLDT’s Board of Directors approved two further investments in additional PDRs of MediaQuest:

•

a Php1.95 billion investment by ePLDT in PDRs to be issued by MediaQuest in relation to its interest in Hastings Holdings, Inc., or Hastings. The Hastings PDRs confer an economic interest in common shares of Hastings owned by MediaQuest, and when issued, will provide ePLDT with a 100% economic interest in Hastings. Hastings is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest and holds all the print-related investments of MediaQuest, including equity interests in the three leading newspapers: The Philippine Star, the Philippine Daily Inquirer, and Business World. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits – Unlisted Equity Investments – Investment in MediaQuest.

325

The Php6 billion Cignal TV PDRs and Php3.6 billion Satventures PDRs were issued on September 27, 2013. These PDRs provided ePLDT an aggregate of 64% economic interest in Cignal TV. The carrying value of investment in MediaQuest amounted to Php9,575 million and Php9,522 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On March 11, 2014, MediaQuest received from ePLDT an amount aggregating to Php300 million representing deposits for future PDRs subscription.

ePLDT’s deposit for future Hastings PDRs subscription amounted to Php2,250 million and Php1,950 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

As at March 26, 2015, the Hastings PDRs have not yet been issued.

Investment of PGIC in Beta

On February 5, 2013, PLDT entered into a Subscription and Shareholders’ Agreement with Asia Outsourcing Alpha Limited, or Alpha, and Beta, wherein PLDT, through its indirect subsidiary PGIC, acquired from Alpha approximately 20% equity interest in Beta for a total cost of approximately US$40 million, which consists of preferred shares of US$39.8 million and ordinary shares of US$0.2 million. On various dates in 2013 and 2014, PGIC transferred a total of 85 ordinary shares and 31,426 preferred shares to certain employees of Beta for a total consideration of US$53 thousand. The equity interest of PGIC in Beta remained at 20% after the transfer with economic interest of 18.32%. See related discussion on Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Discontinued Operations.

Alpha and Beta are both exempted limited liability companies incorporated under the laws of Cayman Islands and are both controlled by CVC. Beta has been designated to be the holding company of the SPi Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries, or SPi Group.

326

On October 1, 2014, AOGL’s healthcare business, which provides revenue cycle management, health information management and software solutions for independent and provider-owned physician practices, was sold to Conifer Health Solutions, America’s leading provider of technology-enabled healthcare performance improvement services, for a total value of US$235 million. AOGL is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Beta. As a result of the sale, PGIC received a cash distribution of US$42 million from Beta.

The carrying value of investment in common shares amounted to Php545 million and nil as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The carrying value of PGIC’s investment in Beta’s preferred shares amounting to Php233 million and Php1,861 million were presented as part of investment in debt securities and other long-term investments in our consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See related discussion on Note 12 – Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments.

PGIC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT Global, which was incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands.

Investment of Smart in AFCSI

In 2013, Smart, along with other conglomerates MPIC and Ayala Corporation, or Ayala, embarked on a venture to bid for the Automated Fare Collection System, or AFCS, project of the Department of Transportation and Communications, or DOTC, and Light Rail Transit Authority. The project aims to upgrade the Light Rail Transit 1 and 2, and Metro Rail Transit ticketing systems by substantially speeding up payments, reducing queuing time and facilitating efficient passenger transfer to other rail lines. The AFCS Consortium led by MPIC and Ayala, composed of AC Infrastructure Holdings Corporation, BPI Card Finance Corporation, and Globe Telecoms, Inc., or Globe, for the Ayala Group, and MPIC, Meralco Financial Services Corporation, and Smart for the MPIC Group, bid for the AFCS Project and on January 30, 2014, received a Notice of Award from the DOTC declaring it as the winning bidder.

On February 10, 2014, AFCSI, the joint venture company, was incorporated in the Philippines and registered with the Philippine SEC. As part of the agreement, Smart subscribed for 503 million shares equivalent to a 20% equity interest in AFCSI at a subscription price of Php1 per share. Of the total subscription price, Php300 million was paid by Smart and the remaining balance of Php203 million was unpaid as at December 31, 2014.

On June 30, 2014, MPIC and Ayala Group signed a ten-year concession agreement with the DOTC to build and implement the AFCS project.

327

The carrying value of Smart’s investment in AFCSI amounted to Php289 million, net of subscription payable of Php203 million, as at December 31, 2014. Smart has significant influence over AFCSI given its 20% voting interest and its Board representation.

Investment of Digitel in DCI and ANPC

Digitel has 60% and 40% interest in Asia Netcom Philippines Corporation, or ANPC, and Digitel Crossing, Inc., or DCI, respectively. DCI is involved in the business of cable system linking Philippines, United States and other neighboring countries in Asia. ANPC is an investment holding company owning 20% of DCI.

In December 2000, Digitel, Pacnet Network (Philippines), Inc., or PNPI, (formerly Asia Global Crossing Ltd.) and BT Group O/B Broadband Infrastructure Group Ltd., or BIG, entered into a Joint Venture Agreement, or JVA, under which the parties agreed to form DCI with each party owning 40%, 40% and 20%, respectively. DCI was incorporated to develop, provide and market backhaul network services, among others.

On April 19, 2001, after BIG withdrew from the proposed joint venture, Digitel and PNPI formed ANPC to replace BIG. Digitel contributed US$2 million, or Php69 million, for a 60% equity interest in ANPC while PNPI owned the remaining 40% equity interest.

Digitel provided full impairment loss on its investment in DCI and ANPC in prior years on the basis that DCI and ANPC have incurred significant recurring losses in the past. In 2011, Digitel recorded a reversal of impairment loss amounting to Php92 million following improvement in the associates’ operations.

Digitel has no control over ANPC despite owning more than half of voting interest because of certain governance matters, and management has assessed that Digitel only has significant influence.

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Digitel’s investment in DCI does not qualify as investment in joint venture as there is no provision for joint control in the joint venture agreement among Digitel, PNPI and ANPC.

Following PLDT’s acquisition of a controlling stake in Digitel, PNPI, on November 4, 2011, sent a notice to exercise its Call Right under Section 6.3 of the JVA, which provides for a Call Right exercisable by PNPI following the occurrence of a Digitel change in control. As at March 26, 2015, Digitel management is ready to conclude the transfer of its investment in DCI, subject to PNPI’s ability to meet certain regulatory and valuation requirements.

Investment in PG1

On June 14, 2011, PLDT, Meralco Powergen Corporation, or MPG, Philex Mining Corporation, or Philex, Metro Pacific Tollways Corporation, or MPTC, Metro Pacific Investments Corporation, or MPIC, and JSL entered into a shareholders’ agreement to establish PG1, with the purpose of carrying on the general business of common and/or private carrier, by means of aircraft of every kind or description. PLDT subscribed to 125 million common shares with an aggregate value of Php125 million, representing 50% equity interest in PG1 and 30 million preferred shares with an aggregate value of Php30 million, which were all paid by assigning to PG1 certain aircraft and other related assets of PLDT. The difference between the Php244 million fair value of the assets and the Php155 million total subscription price amounting to Php89 million was booked as advances and shall be paid by PG1 to PLDT in cash after incorporation, as soon as reasonably practicable. PLDT has agreed to transfer 10% of its common shares to MPG, within a reasonable time after incorporation of PG1, to increase MPG’s ownership to 15% and reduce PLDT’s ownership to 40% of the outstanding common shares of PG1.

As at December 31, 2013, MPG, Philex, MPTC, MPIC and JSL own 5%, 15%, 5%, 10% and 15% of PG1, respectively. PLDT had significant influence in PG1; consequently, PLDT had accounted for its investment in PG1 as an investment in associate.

On January 28, 2014, PLDT’s Board of Directors approved the purchase of 37.5 million shares of PG1 owned by JSL which effectively increased PLDT’s ownership in PG1 from 50% to 65%. The cash consideration for the shares purchased which was completed on March 10, 2014 was Php23 million. Thus, PLDT gained control of PG1 and, therefore, PG1’s financial statements were included in our consolidated financial statements effective March 10, 2014. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – PLDT’s Acquisition of Additional Shares of PG1 and Note 14 – Business Combinations – PLDT’s Additional Investment in PG1.

Investment of ACeS Philippines in AIL

As at December 31, 2014, ACeS Philippines held 36.99% equity interest in AIL, a company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda. AIL owns the Garuda I Satellite and the related system control equipment in Batam, Indonesia. In December 2014, AIL suffered a failure of the propulsion system on board the Garuda I Satellite, thus, AIL decided to decommission the operation of Garuda I Satellite in January 2015.

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AIL has incurred recurring significant operating losses, negative operating cash flows, and significant levels of debt. The financial condition of AIL was partly due to the National Service Providers’, or NSPs, inability to generate the amount of revenues originally expected as the growth in subscriber numbers has been significantly lower than budgeted. These factors raised substantial doubt about AIL’s ability to continue as a going concern. On this basis, we recognized a full impairment provision of Php1,896 million in respect of our investment in AIL in 2003.

Unrecognized share in net loss of AIL amounted to Php19 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, while unrecognized share in net income amounted to Php361 million and Php3 million for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Share in net cumulative losses amounting to Php1,852 million and Php1,412 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, were not recognized as we do not have any legal or constructive obligation to pay for such losses and have not made any payments on behalf of AIL.

See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions – Air Time Purchase Agreement between PLDT and AIL Related Agreements and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Liquidity Risk – Unconditional Purchase Obligations for further details as to the contractual relationships with respect to AIL.

Summarized Financial Information of Associates

The following tables present our share in the summarized financial information of our investments in associates in conformity with IFRS for equity investees in which we have significant influence as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Statements of Financial Position:
Noncurrent assets		8,587			5,547
Current assets		5,280			2,563
Equity		(2,654	)		(725	)
Noncurrent liabilities		7,404			4,935
Current liabilities		3,809			3,900


	2014			2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Income Statements:
Revenues		2,213			1,993		138
Expenses		1,933			1,865		158
Other income (loss) – net		(399	)		216		5
Net income (loss)		679			344		(15	)
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—
Total comprehensive income (loss)		679			344		(15	)

We have no outstanding contingent liabilities or capital commitments with our associates as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

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Investments in Joint Ventures

Investment in Beacon

On March 1, 2010, PCEV, MPIC and Beacon, entered into an Omnibus Agreement, or OA. Beacon was incorporated in the Philippines and organized with the sole purpose of holding the respective shareholdings in Meralco of PCEV and MPIC. PCEV and MPIC are Philippine affiliates of First Pacific and both held equity interest in Meralco. Under the OA, PCEV and MPIC have agreed to set out their mutual agreement in respect of, among other matters, the capitalization, organization, conduct of business and the extent of their participation in the management of the affairs of Beacon. Beacon, PCEV and MPIC have also agreed on certain corporate governance matters, including Board composition, election of officers, shareholders’ action, representation to the Meralco Board, nomination of the Meralco Board Committees, and nomination of Meralco officers.

Beacon is merely a special purpose vehicle created for the main purpose of holding and investing in Meralco using the same Meralco shares as collateral for funding such additional investment. The OA entered into by Beacon, PCEV and MPIC effectively delegates the decision making power of Beacon over the Meralco shares to PCEV and MPIC and that Beacon does not exercise any discretion over the vote to be taken in respect of the Meralco shares but is obligated to vote on the Meralco shares strictly in accordance with the instructions of PCEV and MPIC. Significant influence over the relevant financing and operating activities of Meralco is exercised at the respective Board of PCEV and MPIC.

PCEV accounts for its investment in Beacon as investment in joint venture since the OA establishes joint control over Beacon.

Beacon’s Capitalization

Beacon’s authorized capital stock of Php5,000 million consists of 3,000 million common shares with a par value of Php1 per share and 2,000 million preferred shares with a par value of Php1 per share. The preferred shares of Beacon are non-voting, not convertible to common shares or any shares of any class of Beacon and have no pre-emptive rights to subscribe to any share or convertible debt securities or warrants issued or sold by Beacon. The preferred shareholder is entitled to liquidation preference and yearly cumulative dividends at the rate of 7% of the issue value subject to: (a) availability of unrestricted retained earnings; and (b) dividend payment restrictions imposed by Beacon’s bank creditors.

On March 30, 2010, MPIC subscribed to 1,157 million common shares of Beacon and approximately 801 million preferred shares of Beacon in consideration of: (1) the transfer of 164 million Meralco shares at a price of Php150 per share, or an aggregate amount of Php24,540 million; and (2) Php6,600 million in cash, as further discussed in “Transfer of Meralco Shares to Beacon” section below for further information.

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PCEV likewise subscribed to 1,157 million common shares of Beacon on March 30, 2010 in consideration of the transfer of 154 million Meralco common shares at a price of Php150 per share, or an aggregate amount of Php23,130 million.

Transfer of Meralco Shares to Beacon

Alongside the subscription to the Beacon shares pursuant to the OA, Beacon purchased 154 million and 164 million Meralco common shares, or the Transferred Shares, from PCEV and MPIC, respectively, for a consideration of Php150 per share or a total of Php23,130 million for the PCEV Meralco shares and Php24,540 million for the MPIC Meralco shares. PCEV transferred the 154 million Meralco common shares to Beacon on May 12, 2010. The transfer of legal title to the Meralco shares was implemented through a special block sale/cross sale in the PSE.

PCEV recognized a deferred gain of Php8,047 million for the difference between the Php23,130 million transfer price of the Meralco shares to Beacon and the Php15,083 million carrying amount in PCEV’s books of the Meralco shares transferred since the transfer was between entities with common shareholders. The deferred gain, presented as a reduction in PCEV’s investment in Beacon common shares, will only be realized upon the disposal of the Meralco shares to a third party.

On October 25, 2011, PCEV transferred to Beacon its remaining investment in 69 million of Meralco’s common shares for a total cash consideration of Php15,136 million. PCEV also subscribed to 1,199 million Beacon preferred shares at the same value. The transfer of the Meralco shares was implemented by a special block sale/cross sale through the PSE.

Since the transactions involve entities with common shareholders, PCEV recognized a deferred gain on transfer of the Meralco shares amounting to Php8,145 million, equivalent to the difference between the Php15,136 million transfer price of the Meralco shares and the Php6,991 million carrying amount in PCEV’s books of the Meralco shares transferred. The deferred gain was presented as an adjustment to the investment cost of the Beacon preferred shares in 2011. Similar to the deferred gain on the transfer of the 154 million Meralco shares, the deferred gain will only be realized upon the disposal of the Meralco shares to a third party.

In November 2014, Beacon declared cash dividends to its common shareholders in the aggregate amount of Php6,000 million, which was paid in February 2015. PCEV’s share of the dividend was Php3,000 million, and was deducted from the carrying value of the investment in a joint venture as at December 31, 2014.

The carrying value of PCEV’s investment in Beacon, representing 50% of Beacon’s common shares outstanding, was Php21,785 million and Php23,375 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

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PCEV’s Additional Investment in Beacon Common Shares

Sale of Beacon Preferred Shares to MPIC

Change in View and Purpose of Investment in Beacon Preferred Shares

On October 30, 2013, PCEV’s Board of Directors approved the change in view and purpose of its investment in Beacon preferred shares from an investment available-for-sale financial investments to a strategic investment which PCEV intends to hold on to for the long-term, similar to its investment in Beacon common shares. As a result, the investment in Beacon preferred shares was reclassified from available-for-sale financial investments to investment in a joint venture (both are noncurrent assets). The carrying value of PCEV’s investment in Beacon preferred shares amounted to Php7,268 million and Php6,250 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively (net of deferred gain of Php5,520 million and Php6,133 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively).

In March 2014, Beacon declared a 7% cumulative preferred dividend to its preferred shareholders in an aggregate amount of Php810 million. PCEV’s share in the dividend declared by Beacon of Php405 million was received in May 2014 and was deducted from the carrying value of the investment as at December 31, 2014.

Sale of Beacon’s Meralco Shares to MPIC

On June 24, 2014, Beacon and MPIC entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to sell 56 million common shares, comprising an approximately 5% interest in Meralco, to MPIC at a price of Php235 per share for an aggregate consideration of Php13,243 million. Based on the agreement, MPIC settled a portion of the consideration amounting to Php3,000 million immediately upon signing of the agreement and the balance was paid on February 27, 2015. Since Beacon sold these shares to an entity not included in the PLDT Group, PCEV realized a portion of the deferred gain, amounting to Php1,418 million, which was recorded when the Meralco shares were transferred to Beacon. After this transaction, remaining deferred gain on the transfer of Meralco shares amounted to Php12,762 million.

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Beacon’s Acquisition of Additional and Sale of Meralco Shares

A summary of Beacon’s purchases and sale of Meralco shares are shown below:


Date	Beneficial Ownership			Number of Shares			Nominal Value Per Share		Aggregate Cost*
				(in millions, except for nominal value per share)
Various dates in 2011		4.40	%		49.9			Php—		Php14,310.0
January 2012		2.70	%		30.0			295		9,103.8
November 2012		0.30	%		3.2			262		841.7
December 2012		0.03	%		0.3			249		89.5
July 19, 2013		0.89	%		10.0			270		2,728.0
July 30, 2013		0.74	%		8.3			291		3,207.0
June 24, 2014		(5.00	%)		(56.4	)		235		(12,537.0	)

*	Inclusive of transaction costs.

As at December 31, 2014, Beacon effectively owns 507 million Meralco common shares representing approximately 44.96% effective ownership in Meralco with a carrying value of Php112,819 million and market value of Php129,733 million based on quoted price of Php256 per share. As at December 31, 2013, Beacon effectively owned 563 million Meralco common shares representing approximately 49.96% effective ownership in Meralco with a carrying value of Php124,189 million and market value of Php141,344 million based on quoted price of Php251 per share.

Beacon’s Financing

On March 22, 2010, Beacon entered into an Php18,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility with First Metro Investment Corporation, or FMIC, and PNB Capital and Investment Corporation, or PNB Capital, as joint lead arrangers and various local financial institutions as noteholders. The notes facility partially financed the acquisition of Meralco shares and the acquisition of the additional 49.9 million Meralco common shares in 2011. The loan was prepaid in full on March 27, 2013.

On May 24, 2011, Beacon entered into an Php11,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility with FMIC and PNB Capital as joint lead arrangers and various local financial institutions as noteholders. The amount drawn under this facility as at December 31, 2011 amounting to Php4,000 million was also used to partially finance the acquisition of the additional 49.9 million Meralco common shares. The remaining Php7,000 million was subsequently drawn on July 9, 2012 and used for the payment of the final tranche of the deferred purchase made in May 2011. The outstanding balance of the facility amounted to Php10,071 million and Php10,780 million, net of unamortized debt discount, as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

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On November 9, 2011, Beacon entered into a Php5,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility with FMIC and PNB Capital as joint lead arrangers and various local financial institutions as noteholders. The proceeds were used to finance the acquisition of the additional 30 million Meralco common stock from First Philippine Utilities Corporation. The loan was prepaid in full on August 1, 2013.

On February 6, 2013, Beacon entered into a Php17,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility with FMIC and PNB Capital as joint lead arrangers and various local financial institutions as noteholders. The proceeds were used to refinance the Php18,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility under a Facility Agreement dated March 22, 2010. The loan facility was divided into two tranches with the first tranche amounting to Php2,285 million (the “Tranche A”) and the second tranche amounting to Php14,715 million (the “Tranche B”).

Both tranches have a term of ten years with semi-annual interest and principal payments starting May 27, 2013 with final repayment on March 27, 2023. The Tranche A bears a fixed interest rate based on the ten-year Philippine Dealing System Treasury Fixing, or PDST-F, plus a spread, subject to a floor rate. The Tranche B bears a fixed interest rate for the first five years from the Drawdown Date based on the five-year PDST-F plus a spread, subject to a floor rate. For the next five years, the fixed interest rate for Tranche B will be repriced based on the five-year PDST-F on the Business Day immediately preceding the Repricing Date plus a spread, provided that such interest rate shall not be lower than the applicable interest rate for the first five years. The outstanding balance of the facility amounted to Php16,426 million and Php16,872 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On May 27, 2013, Beacon entered into a Forward Starting Interest Rate Swap, or Forward Starting IRS, to hedge the interest repricing risk on the outstanding balance of the Tranche B (Php14,715 million) by the end of the fifth year. The Forward Starting IRS will have a receive leg based on a rate which will be determined on March 26, 2018 and pay leg of 6.98% fixed rate that virtually matches the debt’s critical terms (i.e., benchmark rate and fixing date). The hedge is expected to be highly effective and such as Beacon designates the Forward Starting IRS as a cash flow hedge. The changes in fair value of the Forward Starting IRS will be deferred in equity under Beacon’s other comprehensive income (loss) reserve account.

On July 29, 2013, Beacon entered into a Php9,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility with FMIC and PNB Capital as joint lead arrangers and various local financial institutions as noteholders. The proceeds were used to refinance the Php5,000 million ten-year corporate notes facility under a Facility Agreement dated November 9, 2011 and to partially finance the acquisition of the additional 18.3 million Meralco common shares. This facility was fully drawn on August 1, 2013 with semi-annual interest and principal payments starting July 31, 2013 with final repayment on July 31, 2023. The loan facility was divided into two tranches with the first tranche amounting to Php2,950 million (the “Tranche A”) and the second tranche amounting to Php6,050 million (the “Tranche B”). The outstanding balance of the facility amounted to Php8,698 million and Php8,933 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

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On August 13, 2013, Beacon availed of two short-term notes from local banks, each with a principal sum of Php200 million. Both notes were paid in full on November 13, 2013.

The above facilities were secured by a pledge over the Meralco shares and were not guaranteed by PLDT. Also, the above facilities were not included in our consolidated long-term debt.

Investment of PLDT Global in PLDT Italy

PLDT Global holds 100% equity interest in PLDT Italy, a company incorporated under the laws of Italy, which is intended to carry the joint venture business between PLDT Global and Hutchison Global Communications Limited, or HGC, a company based in Hong Kong. On March 12, 2008, PLDT Global and HGC entered into a Co-operation Agreement wherein the parties agreed to launch their first commercial venture in Italy by offering mobile telecommunications services through PLDT Italy. Under the terms of the agreement, PLDT Global and HGC agreed to share equally the profit or loss from the operations of PLDT Italy. As a condition precedent to the effectiveness of the Co-Operation Agreement, PLDT Global pledged 50% of its shareholdings in PLDT Italy to HGC.

The amount of funding contributed by each partner to the joint venture is €3.9 million, or a total of €7.8 million each as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. PLDT Global has made a full impairment provision on its investment to PLDT Italy as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Investment of SMI in MPS

In June 2010, SMI and MasterCard Asia/Pacific Pte. Ltd., or MasterCard Asia, entered into a JVA under which the parties agreed to form MPS. The joint venture was developed, provided and marketed certain mobile payment services among other activities as stipulated in the agreement. MPS was incorporated in Singapore on June 4, 2010 and is 40% and 60% owned by SMI and MasterCard Asia, respectively. On November 9, 2010, SMI contributed US$2.4 million representing 40% ownership in MPS.

On November 21, 2011, the Board of Directors of MPS approved the allotment and issuance of additional 5 million shares for US$5 million and 3 million shares for US$3 million to MasterCard Asia and SMI, respectively. On April 25, 2012, SMI remitted the amount of US$2 million representing the 60% payment for the additional shares allotted to SMI. On August 23, 2012, the balance of US$1 million representing the 40% of the remaining additional shares was paid.

On March 26, 2012, SMI entered into a licensing agreement with MasterCard Asia to accept and process MasterCard Asia’s debit and credit card transactions of accredited merchants. SMI became the first non-bank institution in the country to be granted an acquiring license by MasterCard Asia.

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On November 21, 2013, SMI and MasterCard Asia executed a Stock Purchase Agreement wherein SMI sold all of its shares in MPS totaling to approximately 6 million shares to MasterCard Asia for a purchase price of US$1.00. On the same date, both companies executed a Settlement Agreement wherein MPS agreed to settle its outstanding payables to SMI as at August 31, 2013, after deducting SMI’s 40% share in the net liabilities of MPS. The net settlement amount as at the cut-off date amounted to US$2.18 million. However, SMI shall continue to be a supplier of MPS by virtue of their independent Contractor Services Agreement.

The carrying values of SMI’s investment in MPS amounted to nil as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Summarized Financial Information of Joint Ventures

The table below presents the summarized financial information of Beacon as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Statements of Financial Position:
Noncurrent assets		112,819		124,717
Current assets		10,774		686
Equity		84,051		87,664
Noncurrent liabilities		35,004		35,556
Current liabilities		4,538		2,183

Additional Information:
Cash and cash equivalents		3,577		683
Current financial liabilities*		1,260		936
Noncurrent financial liabilities*		33,935		35,195

*	Excluding trade, other payables and provisions.


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Income Statements:
Revenues – equity share in net earnings		8,202		8,017		7,359
Expenses		3		170		141
Interest income		205		28		94
Interest expense		2,315		2,369		2,570
Net income		6,439		5,450		4,396
Other comprehensive income		18		390		—
Total comprehensive income		6,457		5,840		4,396

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The following table presents the reconciliation between the share in Beacon’s equity and the carrying value of investment in Beacon as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Beacon’s equity		84,051			87,664
Less: Cumulative dividends to preferred shares		(2,430	)		(1,620	)
Preferred shares		(23,146	)		(23,146	)

Net assets attributable to common shares		58,475			62,898
PCEV’s ownership interest		50	%		50	%

Share in net assets of Beacon		29,237			31,449
Carrying value of investment in preferred shares		7,268			6,250
Purchase price allocation adjustments		(53	)		(39	)
Deferred gain on transfer of Meralco shares		(7,242	)		(8,047	)
Others		(157	)		12

Carrying amount of interest in Beacon		29,053			29,625

The following table presents our aggregate share in the summarized financial information of our investments in individually immaterial joint ventures as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Statements of Financial Position:
Noncurrent assets		134		—
Current assets		170		4
Equity		288		4
Current liabilities		16		—


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Income Statements:
Revenues		—		—		72
Expenses		2		1		72
Other expenses – net		—		—		104
Net loss		2		1		104
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—
Total comprehensive loss		2		1		104

We have no outstanding contingent liabilities or capital commitments with our joint ventures as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

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Investment in MePay Global

Investment in Philippine Internet Group, or PHIG

On January 20, 2015, PLDT and Rocket entered into another joint venture agreement to further strengthen their existing partnership and to foster the development of internet-based businesses in the Philippines. PLDT, through Voyager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Smart, and Asia Internet Holding S.à r.l., which is 50% owned by Rocket, will become partners in PHIG.

PHIG will concentrate on creating and developing online businesses in the Philippines; leverage local market and business model insights; facilitate commercial, strategic and investment partnerships; enable local recruiting and sourcing; accelerate the rollout of online startups; and drive the activities of high-growth companies which are already operating in the Philippines (such as Lamudi, Carmudi, Clickbus and Pricepanda), with plans to launch numerous new companies in the coming quarters.

11.

Available-for-Sale Financial Investments

PLDT Online’s Investment in Rocket

On August 7, 2014, PLDT and Rocket entered into a global strategic partnership to drive the development of online and mobile payment solutions in emerging markets.

Pursuant to the terms of the investment agreement, PLDT invested €333 million, or Php19,577 million, in cash, for new shares equivalent to a 10% stake in Rocket as at August 2014. These new shares are of the same class and bear the same rights as the Rocket shares held by the current investors as at the date of the agreement namely, Investment AB Kinnevik and Access Industries, in addition to Global Founders GmbH (formerly European Founders Fund GmbH). PLDT made the €333 million investment in two payments (one on September 8 and one on September 15, 2014), which it funded from available cash and new debt. In accordance with PLDT’s right to appoint one member of Rocket’s nine-person supervisory board, on August 22, 2014, PLDT’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Napoleon L. Nazareno, was appointed to the supervisory board.

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On August 21, 2014, PLDT assigned all its rights, title and interests as well as all of its obligations related to its investment in Rocket, to PLDT Online, an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of PLDT.

On October 1, 2014, Rocket announced the pricing of its initial public offering, or IPO, at €42.50 per share. On October 2, 2014, Rocket listed its shares on Entry Standard of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “RKET.” PLDT’s ownership stake in Rocket after the IPO was reduced to 6.6%. At the closing price of Rocket as at December 31, 2014 of €51.39 per share, the total market value of PLDT’s stake in Rocket was €519 million or Php27,855 million. The unrealized gain of Php8,144 million as a result of the change in the fair value of Rocket shares as at December 31, 2014 was recognized in other comprehensive income in the “Net gains available-for-sale financial investments – net of tax” account. Total costs directly attributable to the acquisition of Rocket shares and recognized as part of investment cost amounted to Php134 million.

As at March 26, 2015, due to additional issuances of shares by Rocket, PLDT’s ownership percentage in Rocket was reduced to 6.1%.

Rocket provides a platform for the rapid creation and scaling of consumer internet businesses outside the U.S. and China. Rocket has more than 20,000 employees in its network of companies across over 100 countries, with aggregated revenues in excess of €700 million in 2013. Its most prominent brands include the leading Southeast Asian e-Commerce businesses Zalora and Lazada, as well as fast growing brands with strong positions in their markets such as Dafiti, Linio, Jumia, Namshi, Lamoda, Jabong, Westwing, Home24 and HelloFresh in Latin America, Africa, Middle East, Russia, India and Europe. Financial technology and payments comprise Rocket’s third sector where it anticipates numerous and significant growth opportunities.

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12.

Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
PSALM Bonds		373		322
Security Bank Corporation, or Security Bank, Time Deposits		313		310
Beta’s preferred shares (Note 10)		233		1,861
GT Capital Bond		150		150
Home Development Mutual Fund, or HDMF Bonds		101		—
National Power Corporation, or NAPOCOR, Bond		52		—
Philippine Retail Treasury Bond, or Philippine RTB		33		—

		1,255		2,643
Less current portion (Note 28)		295		—

Noncurrent portion (Note 28)		960		2,643

PSALM Bonds

In April 2013, Smart purchased, at a premium, PSALM Bonds with face value of Php200 million maturing on April 22, 2017 with yield-to-maturity at 4.25% gross. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 7.75% payable on a quarterly basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to Php7 million and Php9 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php212 million and Php217 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In August 2013, Smart purchased, at a premium, PSALM Bonds with face value of Php100 million maturing on April 22, 2015 with yield-to-maturity at 3.25% gross. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 6.88% payable on a quarterly basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to Php2.6 million and Php2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php101 million and Php105 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In January 2014, Smart purchased, at a premium, additional PSALM Bonds with face value of Php60 million maturing on April 22, 2015 with yield-to-maturity at 3.00% gross. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 6.88% payable on a quarterly basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to Php1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php60 million as at December 31, 2014.

341

Security Bank Time Deposits

In October 2012, PLDT and Smart invested US$2.5 million each in a five-year time deposit with Security Bank maturing on October 11, 2017 at a gross coupon rate of 4.00%. These long-term fixed rate time deposits pay interest on a monthly basis or an estimate of 30 days. The deposits may be terminated prior to maturity at the applicable pretermination rates. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to US$187 thousand, or Php8 million, each for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and US$42 thousand, or Php2 million, for the year ended December 31, 2012. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php224 million and Php222 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In May 2013, PLDT invested US$2.0 million in a five-year time deposit with Security Bank maturing on May 31, 2018 at a gross coupon rate of 3.5%. These long-term fixed rate time deposits pay interest on a monthly basis or an estimate of 30 days. The deposits may be terminated prior to maturity at the applicable pretermination rates. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to US$66 thousand, or Php3 million, and US$38 thousand, or Php2 million, for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php89 million and Php88 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Investment in Beta’s Preferred Shares

See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment of PGIC in Beta for the detailed discussion of our investment.

GT Capital Bond

In February 2013, Smart purchased at par a seven-year GT Capital Bond with face value of Php150 million maturing on February 27, 2020. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 4.84% payable on a quarterly basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to Php5.8 million and Php5 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php150 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

HDMF Bonds

In June 2014, Smart purchased, at a premium, HDMF Bonds with face value of Php100 million maturing on March 12, 2015 with yield-to-maturity at 2.20% gross. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 5.00% payable on a semi-annual basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. This investment is a tax-exempt bond. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. Interest income recognized on this investment amounted to Php1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php101 million as at December 31, 2014.

342

NAPOCOR Bond

In March 2014, Smart purchased, at a premium, a NAPOCOR Bond with face value of Php50 million maturing on December 19, 2016 with yield-to-maturity at 3.38% gross. The bond has a net coupon rate of 5.88% payable on a semi-annual basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. This investment is a tax-exempt bond. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. Interest income recognized on this investment amounted to Php1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php52 million as at December 31, 2014.

Philippine RTB

In January 2014, Smart purchased, at a premium, a Philippine RTB with face value of Php32.29 million maturing on August 19, 2015 with yield-to-maturity at 2.38% gross. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 5.88% payable on a quarterly basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to Php684 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2014. The carrying value of this investment amounted to Php33 million as at December 31, 2014.

In April 2014, Smart purchased, at a premium, a Philippine RTB with face value of Php300 million and yield-to-maturity at 1.66% gross. The bond has a gross coupon rate of 6.25% payable on a quarterly basis, and was recognized as held-to-maturity investment. Premium is amortized using the EIR method. This investment matured on September 24, 2014. Interest income, net of withholding tax, recognized on this investment amounted to Php2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

343

13.

Investment Properties

Changes in investment properties account for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	Land			Land Improvements			Building			Total
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Balance at beginning of the year		984			10			228			1,222
Net gains (losses) from fair value adjustments charged to profit and loss⁽¹⁾		660			(1	)		(26	)		633
Movement charged directly to other comprehensive income		338			—			123			461
Disposals		(6	)		—			—			(6	)
Transfers (to) from property, plant and equipment		(497	)		1			2			(494	)

Balance at end of the year		1,479			10			327			1,816


December 31, 2013
Balance at beginning of the year		599			8			105			712
Net gains (losses) from fair value adjustments charged to profit and loss⁽¹⁾		104			2			(27	)		79
Transfers from property, plant and equipment		281			—			150			431

Balance at end of the year (Notes 4 and 5)		984			10			228			1,222

⁽¹⁾

Presented as part of “Other income – net” in our consolidated income statement.

Investment properties, which consist of land, land improvements and building, are stated at fair values, which have been determined annually based on the year-end appraisal performed by an independent firm of appraisers, an industry specialist in valuing these types of investment properties. None of our investment properties are being leased to third parties that earn rental income.

The valuation for land was based on a market approach valuation technique using price per square meter ranging from Php12 to Php160 thousand. The valuation for building and land improvements were based on a cost approach valuation technique using current material and labor costs for improvements based on external and independent reviewers.

We have determined that the highest and best use of some of the idle or vacant land properties at the measurement date would be to convert the properties for residential or commercial development. For strategic reasons, the properties are not being used in this manner.

We have no restrictions on the realizability of our investment properties and no contractual obligations to either purchase, construct or develop investment properties or for repairs, maintenance and enhancements.

Repairs and maintenance expenses related to investment properties that do not generate rental income amounted to Php53 million, Php57 million and Php54 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

344

The above investment properties were categorized under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers in and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Significant increases (decreases) in price per square meter for land, current material and labor costs of improvements would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.

14.

Business Combinations

2014 Acquisitions

IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack IT

On January 28, 2014, IPCDSI and a third party entered into a sale and purchase agreement whereby the third party sold its 100% ownership in Rack IT to IPCDSI for a total purchase price of Php164 million, of which Php25 million was originally to be paid upon completion of certain closing conditions in May 2014. On May 28, 2014, ePLDT granted the request of the third party to extend the deadline of the completion of certain closing conditions on or before December 31, 2014. On November 26, 2014, ePLDT granted an additional request of the third party to further extend the deadline for completion of the closing conditions to on or before March 31, 2015.

Rack IT was incorporated to engage in the business of providing data center services, encompassing all the information technology and facility-related components or activities that support the projects and operations of a data center facility. The Sucat Data Center, with rack capacity of 800, held its inauguration on December 3, 2014. Rack IT started commercial operations on February 20, 2015. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – IPCDSI’s Acquisition of Rack IT.

345

The fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities of Rack IT at the date of acquisition are as follows:


	Fair Values Recognized on Acquisition
	(in million pesos)
Assets:
Property, plant and equipment (Note 9)		192
Other noncurrent assets		2
Trade and other receivables		15
Prepayments and other current assets		15

		224

Liabilities:
Deferred income tax liability		46
Accounts payable		14

Purchase consideration transferred		164

Cash paid		139
Subscriptions payable		25

		164

Cash flows from investing activity:
Cash paid		(139	)
Cash acquired		—

		(139	)

The excess of purchase price consideration over the net assets acquired amounting to Php107 million was added to the fair value of property, plant and equipment and deferred income tax liability since Rack IT is still under construction when it was acquired by ePLDT.

The fair value and gross amount of trade and other receivables amounted to Php15 million and it is expected that the full contractual amounts can be collected.

346

Our consolidated net income would have decreased by Php17 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 had the acquisition of Rack IT actually taken place on January 1, 2014. Total net loss of Rack IT included in our consolidated income statement from January 28, 2014 to December 31, 2014 amounted to Php14 million.

PLDT’s Additional Investment in PG1

On January 28, 2014, PLDT’s Board of Directors approved the purchase of 37.5 million shares of PG1 owned by JSL which effectively increases PLDT’s ownership in PG1 from 50% to 65%. The cash consideration for the shares purchased, which was completed on March 10, 2014, was Php23 million. Thus, PLDT gained control of PG1 and, therefore, PG1’s financial statements were included in our consolidated financial statements effective March 10, 2014. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – PLDT’s Acquisition of Additional Shares of PG1 and Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in PG1 for related discussion.

The fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities of PG1 at the date of acquisition are as follows:


	Fair Values Recognized on Acquisition
	(in million pesos)
Assets:
Property, plant and equipment (Note 9)		502
Other noncurrent assets		37
Cash and cash equivalents		21
Trade and other receivables		6
Prepayments and other current assets		12

		578

Liabilities:
Accounts payable		413

		165
Goodwill from the acquisition (Note 15)		3

Total identifiable net assets acquired		168
Noncontrolling interests		(48	)

Purchase consideration transferred		120

Cash paid		23
Fair value of previous interest		97

		120

Cash flows from investing activity:
Cash paid		(23	)
Cash acquired		21

Purchase of subsidiary – net of cash acquired		(2	)

The goodwill of Php3 million pertains to the fair value of PG1’s air transportation business.

The fair value and gross amount of trade and other receivables amounted to Php6 million and it is expected that the full contractual amounts can be collected.

347

Our consolidated net income would have decreased by Php14 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 had the acquisition of PG1 actually taken place on January 1, 2014. Total revenues and net loss of PG1 included in our consolidated income statement from March 10, 2014 to December 31, 2014 amounted to Php7 million and Php79 million, respectively.

Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun

On November 18, 2014, Smart acquired an 86.96% equity interest in Wifun for total cash consideration of Php70 million, of which Php35 million was paid in December 2014, Php6 million is payable in April 2015 and Php29 million is payable upon capital call of Wifun. Wifun was incorporated in the Philippines in 2013 and is engaged in the business of selling software solutions, telecommunications equipment and gadgets, and providing WiFi access. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Smart’s Acquisition of Wifun.

348

The purchase price consideration has been allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities on the basis of provisional values at the date of acquisition. The corresponding carrying amounts immediately before the acquisition are as follows:


	Previous Carrying Values		Provisional Values Recognized on Acquisition
	(in million pesos)
Assets:
Subscription receivable		29		29
Cash and cash equivalents		22		22
Inventory		7		7
Other assets		1		1

		59		59

Liabilities:
Accounts payable and other liabilities		9		9
Due to related party		4		4

		13		13

		46		46
Goodwill from the acquisition (Note 15)		—		34

Total identifiable net assets acquired				80
Noncontrolling interests				(10	)

Purchase consideration transferred				70


Cash paid				35
Subscriptions payable				35

				70


Cash flows from investing activity:
Cash paid				(35	)
Cash acquired				22

				(13	)

The net assets acquired at the date of acquisition were based on a provisional assessment of fair value, while we sought an independent valuation on the value of Wifun’s assets. The results of this valuation had not been finalized as at the date this report was approved for issuance by the Board of Directors.

The goodwill of Php34 million pertains to the fair value of the expected synergies arising from the acquisition of Wifun by Smart. Wifun is expected to complement SBI’s broadband internet service.

Our consolidated net income would have decreased by Php6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 had the acquisition of Wifun actually taken place in January 1, 2014. Total net loss of Wifun included in our consolidated income statement from November 18, 2014 to December 31, 2014 amounted to Php1 million.

349

15.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Changes in goodwill and intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	Intangible Assets with Indefinite Life		Intangible Assets with Finite Life											Total Intangible Assets with			Total						Total Goodwill and
	Trademark		Customer List		Franchise		Spectrum		Licenses		Others			Finite Life			Intangible Assets			Goodwill			Intangible Assets
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Costs:
Balance at beginning of the year		4,505		4,726		3,016		1,205		936		1,199			11,082			15,587			62,826			78,413
Additions		—		—		—		—		36		—			36			36			—			36
Business combinations (Note 14)		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			37			37
Translation and other adjustments		—		—		—		—		—		(22	)		(22	)		(22	)		—			(22	)

Balance at end of the year		4,505		4,726		3,016		1,205		972		1,177			11,096			15,601			62,863			78,464


Accumulated amortization and impairment:
Balance at beginning of the year		—		1,237		403		750		287		1,119			3,796			3,796			699			4,495
Amortization during the year (Note 3)		—		511		186		80		358		14			1,149			1,149			—			1,149
Translation and other adjustments		—		—		—		—		—		(22	)		(22	)		(22	)		—			(22	)

Balance at end of the year		—		1,748		589		830		645		1,111			4,923			4,923			699			5,622

Net balance at end of the year (Note 3)		4,505		2,978		2,427		375		327		66			6,173			10,678			62,164			72,842


Estimated useful lives (in years)		—		1 – 9		16		15		1 – 18		1 – 10			—			—			—			—
Remaining useful lives (in years)		—		6		13		5		8		5			—			—			—			—


December 31, 2013
Costs:
Balance at beginning of the year		4,505		4,726		3,016		1,205		135		1,177			10,259			14,764			62,939			77,703
Additions		—		—		—		—		801		—			801			801			—			801
Business combinations		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			(113	)		(113	)
Translation and other adjustments		—		—		—		—		—		22			22			22			—			22

Balance at end of the year		4,505		4,726		3,016		1,205		936		1,199			11,082			15,587			62,826			78,413


Accumulated amortization and impairment:
Balance at beginning of the year		—		722		217		669		62		1,084			2,754			2,754			699			3,453
Amortization during the year (Note 3)		—		515		186		81		225		13			1,020			1,020			—			1,020
Translation and other adjustments		—		—		—		—		—		22			22			22			—			22

Balance at end of the year		—		1,237		403		750		287		1,119			3,796			3,796			699			4,495

Net balance at end of the year (Note 3)		4,505		3,489		2,613		455		649		80			7,286			11,791			62,127			73,918

Estimated useful lives (in years)		—		1 – 9		16		15		1 – 18		1 – 10			—			—			—			—
Remaining useful lives (in years)		—		7		14		6		1 – 9		1 – 6			—			—			—			—

350

The consolidated goodwill and intangible assets of our reportable segments as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014
	Wireless		Fixed Line		Total
	(in million pesos)
Trademark		4,505		—		4,505
Customer list		2,978		—		2,978
Franchise		2,427		—		2,427
Spectrum		375		—		375
Licenses		327		—		327
Others		66		—		66

Total intangible assets		10,678		—		10,678
Goodwill		57,356		4,808		62,164

Total goodwill and intangible assets (Note 3)		68,034		4,808		72,842


	2013
	Wireless		Fixed Line		Total
	(in million pesos)
Trademark		4,505		—		4,505
Customer list		3,489		—		3,489
Franchise		2,613		—		2,613
Licenses		649		—		649
Spectrum		455		—		455
Others		80		—		80

Total intangible assets		11,791		—		11,791
Goodwill		57,322		4,805		62,127

Total goodwill and intangible assets (Note 3)		69,113		4,805		73,918

Intangible Assets

In April 2013, Smart entered into a three-year licensing agreement with MCA Music, Inc., an affiliate of the Universal Music Group, the world’s largest music company with wholly-owned record operations in 77 countries. Smart recognized intangible assets of Php600 million for the license contents and marketing partnership in the Philippines. Amortization of intangible assets amounted to Php200 million and Php150 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In July 2013, Smart entered into an 18-month licensing agreement with Ivory Music and Video, Inc., a domestic corporation and one of the major labels in the Philippine music industry. Smart recognized intangible assets of Php201 million for the license contents and marketing partnership. Amortization of intangible assets amounted to Php134 million and Php67 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

In February 2014, Smart entered into a two-year licensing agreement with Universal Records Philippines, Inc., or Universal Records, and PolyEast Records, Inc., or PolyEast Records. The agreement granted Smart an exclusive right to sell digital products of Universal Records and PolyEast Records such as downloading and streaming of digital audio and video. Smart recognized intangible assets of Php36 million for the license contents. Amortization of intangible assets amounted to Php17 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

351

The consolidated future amortization of intangible assets with finite life as at December 31, 2014 is as follows:


Year	(in million pesos)
2015		1,016
2016		849
2017		798
2018		798
2019 and onwards		2,712

(Note 3)		6,173

Impairment Testing of Goodwill and Intangible Assets with Indefinite Life

The organizational structure of PLDT and its subsidiaries is designed to monitor financial operations based on fixed line and wireless segmentation. Management provides guidelines and decisions on resource allocation, such as continuing or disposing of asset and operations by evaluating the performance of each segment through review and analysis of available financial information on the fixed line and wireless segments. As at December 31, 2014, the PLDT Group’s goodwill comprised of goodwill resulting from PLDT’s additional investment in PG1 in 2014, Smart’s acquisition of Wifun in 2014, ePLDT’s acquisition of IPCDSI in 2012, PLDT’s acquisition of Digitel in 2011, ePLDT’s acquisition of ePDS in 2011, Smart’s acquisition of PDSI and Chikka in 2009, CURE in 2008, and Smart’s acquisition of SBI in 2004. The test for recoverability of the PLDT’s and Smart’s goodwill was applied to the fixed line and wireless asset group, respectively, which represent the lowest level within our business at which we monitor goodwill.

Although revenue streams may be segregated among the companies within the PLDT Group, the cost items and cash flows are difficult to carve out due largely to the significant portion of shared and common used network/platform. The same is true for Sun, wherein Smart 2G/3G network, cellular base stations and fiber optic backbone are shared for areas where Sun has limited connectivity and facilities. On the other hand, PLDT has the largest fixed line network in the Philippines. PLDT’s transport facilities are installed nationwide to cover both domestic and international IP backbone to route and transmit IP traffic generated by the customers. In the same manner, PLDT has the most Internet Gateway facilities which are composed of high capacity IP routers and switches that serve as the main gateway of the Philippines to the Internet connecting to the World Wide Web. With PLDT’s network coverage, other fixed line subsidiaries share the same facilities to leverage on a Group perspective.

Given the significant common use of network facilities among fixed line and wireless companies within the PLDT Group, Management views that the wireless and fixed line operating segments are the lowest CGU to which goodwill is to be allocated and which are expected to benefit from the synergies.

352

The recoverable amount of the wireless and fixed line segments had been determined using the value in use approach calculated using cash flow projections based on the financial budgets approved by the Board of Directors, covering a three-year period from 2015 to 2017. The pre-tax discount rate applied to cash flow projections is 11.1% and 10.4% for the wireless and fixed line segments, respectively. Cash flows beyond the three-year period are determined using a 2.5% growth rate for the wireless and fixed line segments, which is the same as the long-term average growth rate for the telecommunications industry.

Based on the assessment of the value-in-use of the wireless and fixed line segments, the recoverable amount of goodwill exceeded the carrying amount of the CGUs, which as a result, no impairment was recognized as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 in relation to goodwill resulting from the additional investment in PG1 and the acquisition of Wifun, IPCDSI, Digitel, ePDS, PDSI, Chikka, CURE and SBI.

16.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Cash on hand and in banks (Note 28)		6,816		5,938
Temporary cash investments (Note 28)		19,843		25,967

		26,659		31,905

Cash in banks earn interest at prevailing bank deposit rates. Temporary cash investments are made for varying periods of up to three months depending on our immediate cash requirements, and earn interest at the prevailing temporary cash investment rates. Due to the short-term nature of such transactions, the carrying value approximates the fair value of our temporary cash investments. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

Interest income earned from cash in banks and temporary cash investments amounted to Php476 million, Php740 million and Php1,295 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

17.

Trade and Other Receivables

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of receivables from:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Retail subscribers (Note 28)		17,053		12,563
Foreign administrations (Note 28)		8,420		5,840
Corporate subscribers (Notes 25 and 28)		7,941		7,904
Domestic carriers (Notes 25 and 28)		823		1,461
Dealers, agents and others (Notes 25 and 28)		10,485		4,320

		44,722		32,088
Less allowance for doubtful accounts (Notes 3, 5 and 28)		15,571		14,524

		29,151		17,564

353

Receivables from foreign administrations and domestic carriers represent receivables based on interconnection agreements with other telecommunications carriers. The aforementioned amounts of receivables are shown net of related payables to the same telecommunications carriers where a legal right of offset exists and settlement is facilitated on a net basis.

Receivables from dealers, agents and others consist mainly of receivables from credit card companies, dealers and distributors having collection arrangements with the PLDT Group, dividend receivables and advances from affiliates.

Trade receivables are non-interest-bearing and are generally on terms of 30 to 180 days.

For terms and conditions relating to related party receivables, see Note 25 – Related Party Transactions.

See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions for the summary of transactions with related parties and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Credit Risk on credit risk of trade receivables to understand how we manage and measure credit quality of trade receivables that are neither past due nor impaired.

354

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	Total			Retail Subscribers			Foreign Administrations			Corporate Subscribers			Domestic Carriers			Dealers, Agents and Others
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Balance at beginning of the year		14,524			7,149			119			5,849			80			1,327
Provisions and other adjustments		1,956			1,462			430			(1,100	)		13			1,151
Write-offs		(909	)		(478	)		(1	)		(423	)		—			(7	)

Balance at end of the year		15,571			8,133			548			4,326			93			2,471


Individual impairment		9,586			2,541			526			4,081			93			2,345
Collective impairment		5,985			5,592			22			245			—			126

		15,571			8,133			548			4,326			93			2,471

Gross amount of receivables individually impaired, before deducting any impairment allowance		9,586			2,541			526			4,081			93			2,345


December 31, 2013
Balance at beginning of the year		13,290			6,489			99			6,137			106			459
Provisions and other adjustments		3,319			2,054			20			378			(2	)		869
Write-offs		(2,085	)		(1,394	)		—			(666	)		(24	)		(1	)

Balance at end of the year		14,524			7,149			119			5,849			80			1,327

Individual impairment		8,717			2,134			119			5,183			80			1,201
Collective impairment		5,807			5,015			—			666			—			126

		14,524			7,149			119			5,849			80			1,327

Gross amount of receivables individually impaired, before deducting any impairment allowance		8,717			2,134			119			5,183			80			1,201

355

18.

Inventories and Supplies

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Terminal and cellular phone units:
At net realizable value		2,853		2,550
At cost		3,265		3,004
Spare parts and supplies:
At net realizable value		283		99
At cost		706		558
Others:
At net realizable value		570		515
At cost		647		560

Total inventories and supplies at the lower of cost or net realizable value (Notes 4 and 5)		3,706		3,164

The cost of inventories and supplies recognized as expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Cost of sales		13,077		11,674		8,035
Repairs and maintenance		575		474		443
Write-down of inventories and supplies (Notes 4 and 5)		179		229		215

		13,831		12,377		8,693

Changes in the allowance for inventory obsolescence for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Balance at beginning of the year		957			950
Provisions – net		—			99
Write-off and others		(44	)		(92	)

Balance at end of the year		913			957

356

19.

Prepayments

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Prepaid taxes (Note 5)		6,203		6,456
Prepaid selling and promotions		1,111		1,375
Prepaid fees and licenses		979		435
Prepaid rent (Note 3)		383		296
Prepaid insurance (Note 25)		125		109
Prepaid repairs and maintenance		116		102
Prepaid benefit costs (Notes 3 and 26)		65		199
Other prepayments		348		113

		9,330		9,085
Less current portion of prepayments		6,406		6,054

Noncurrent portion of prepayments		2,924		3,031

Prepaid taxes include creditable withholding taxes, input VAT and real property taxes.

Prepaid benefit costs represent excess of fair value of plan assets over present value of defined benefit obligations recognized in our consolidated statements of financial position. See Note 26 – Employee Benefits.

Agreement of PLDT and Smart with TV5 Network, Inc., or TV5

In 2010, PLDT and Smart entered into advertising placement agreements with TV5, a subsidiary of MediaQuest, which is a wholly-owned investee company of PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund for the airing and telecast of advertisements and commercials of PLDT and Smart on TV5’s television network for a period of five years. The costs of telecast of each advertisement shall be applied and deducted from the placement amount only after the relevant advertisement or commercial is actually aired on TV5’s television network. In June 2014, Smart and TV5 agreed to amend the liquidation schedule under the original advertising placement agreement by extending the term of expiry from 2015 to 2021. Total prepayment under the advertising placement agreements amounted to Php758 million and Php868 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions.

357

20.

Equity

PLDT’s number of shares of subscribed and outstanding capital stock as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in millions)
Authorized
Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stocks		388		388
Voting Preferred Stock		150		150
Common Stock		234		234
Subscribed
Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stocks⁽¹⁾		300		300
Voting Preferred Stock		150		150
Common Stock		219		219
Outstanding
Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stocks⁽¹⁾		300		300
Voting Preferred Stock		150		150
Common Stock		216		216
Treasury Stock
Common Stock		3		3

⁽¹⁾

Includes 300 million shares of Series IV Cumulative Non-Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock subscribed for Php3 billion, of which Php360 million has been paid.

The only change in PLDT’s capital account is the redemption of 200 shares or Php2,000 and 2,400 shares or Php24,000 of Series HH 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Preferred Stock

Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stocks

On January 26, 2010, the Board of Directors designated 100,000 shares of preferred stock as Series II 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock to be issued from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012, pursuant to the PLDT Subscriber Investment Plan, or SIP.

The Series HH and II 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, or SIP shares, earns cumulative dividends at an annual rate of 10%. After the lapse of one year from the last day of the year of issuance of a particular Series of 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, any holder of such series may convert all or any of the shares of 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock held by him into fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock of PLDT, at a conversion price equivalent to 10% below the average of the high and low daily sales price of a share of Common Stock on the PSE, or if there have been no such sales on the PSE on any day, the average of the bid and the ask prices of a share of Common Stock of PLDT at the end of such day on such Exchange, in each such case averaged over a period of 30 consecutive trading days prior to the conversion date, but in no case shall the conversion price be less than the price set by the Board of Directors which, as at December 31, 2014 was Php5.00 each per share. The number of shares of Common Stock issuable at any time upon conversion of 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock is determined by dividing Php10.00 by the then applicable conversion price.

358

In case the shares of Common Stock outstanding are at anytime subdivided into a greater or consolidated into a lesser number of shares, then the minimum conversion price per share of Common Stock will be proportionately decreased or increased, as the case may be, and in the case of a stock dividend, such price will be proportionately decreased, provided, however, that in every case the minimum conversion price shall not be less than the par value per share of Common Stock. In the event the relevant effective date for any such subdivision or consolidation of shares of stock dividend occurs during the period of 30 trading days preceding the presentation of any shares of 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock for conversion, a similar adjustment will be made in the sales prices applicable to the trading days prior to such effective date utilized in calculating the conversion price of the shares presented for conversion.

In case of any other reclassification or change of outstanding shares of Common Stock, or in case of any consolidation or merger of PLDT with or into another corporation, the Board of Directors shall make such provisions, if any, for adjustment of the minimum conversion price and the sale price utilized in calculating the conversion price as the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, shall deem appropriate.

At PLDT’s option, the Series II 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock are redeemable at par value plus accrued dividends five years after the year of issuance.

The Series IV Cumulative Non-Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock earns cumulative dividends at an annual rate of 13.5% based on the paid-up subscription price. It is redeemable at the option of PLDT at any time one year after subscription and at the actual amount paid for such stock, plus accrued dividends.

The Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stocks are non-voting, except as specifically provided by law, and are preferred as to liquidation.

All preferred stocks limit the ability of PLDT to pay cash dividends unless all dividends on such preferred stock for all past dividend payment periods have been paid and or declared and set apart and provision has been made for the currently payable dividends.

359

Voting Preferred Stock

On June 5, 2012, the Philippine SEC approved the amendments to the Seventh Article of PLDT’s Articles of Incorporation consisting of the sub-classification of its authorized Preferred Capital Stock into: 150 million shares of Voting Preferred Stock with a par value of Php1.00 each, and 807.5 million shares of Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stock with a par value of Php10.00 each, and other conforming amendments, or the Amendments. The shares of Voting Preferred Stock may be issued, owned, or transferred only to or by: (a) a citizen of the Philippines or a domestic partnership or association wholly-owned by citizens of the Philippines; (b) a corporation organized under the laws of the Philippines of which at least 60% of the capital stock entitled to vote is owned and held by citizens of the Philippines and at least 60% of the board of directors of such corporation are citizens of the Philippines; and (c) a trustee of funds for pension or other employee retirement or separation benefits, where the trustee qualifies under paragraphs (a) and (b) above and at least 60% of the funds accrue to the benefit of citizens of the Philippines, or Qualified Owners. The holders of Voting Preferred Stock will have voting rights at any meeting of the stockholders of PLDT for the election of directors and for all other purposes, with one vote in respect of each share of Voting Preferred Stock. The Amendments were approved by the Board of Directors and stockholders of PLDT on July 5, 2011 and March 22, 2012, respectively.

On October 12, 2012, the Board of Directors, pursuant to the authority granted to it in the Seventh Article of PLDT’s Articles of Incorporation, determined the following specific rights, terms and features of the Voting Preferred Stock: (a) entitled to receive cash dividends at the rate of 6.5% per annum, payable before any dividends are paid to the holders of Common Stock; (b) in the event of dissolution or liquidation or winding up of PLDT, holders will be entitled to be paid in full, or pro-rata insofar as the assets of PLDT will permit, the par value of such shares of Voting Preferred Stock and any accrued or unpaid dividends thereon before any distribution shall be made to the holders of shares of Common Stock; (c) redeemable at the option of PLDT; (d) not convertible to Common Stock or to any shares of stock of PLDT of any class; (e) voting rights at any meeting of the stockholders of PLDT for the election of directors and all other matters to be voted upon by the stockholders in any such meetings, with one vote in respect of each Voting Preferred Share; and (f) holders will have no pre-emptive right to subscribe for or purchase any shares of stock of any class, securities or warrants issued, sold or disposed by PLDT.

On October 16, 2012, BTFHI subscribed to 150 million newly issued shares of Voting Preferred Stock, at a subscription price of Php1.00 per share for a total subscription price of Php150 million pursuant to a subscription agreement between BTFHI and PLDT dated October 15, 2012. As a result of the issuance of Voting Preferred Shares, the voting power of the NTT Group (NTT DOCOMO and NTT Communications), First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates, and JG Summit Group was reduced to 12%, 15% and 5%, respectively, as at December 31, 2014. See Note 1 – Corporate Information and Note 27 – Provisions and Contingencies – In the Matter of the Wilson Gamboa Case and Jose M. Roy III Petition.

360

Redemption of Preferred Stock

On September 23, 2011, the Board of Directors approved the redemption, or the Redemption, of all outstanding shares of PLDT’s Series A to FF 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, or the SIP Preferred Shares, and all such shares were redeemed and retired effective on January 19, 2012, or the Redemption Date. The record date for the determination of the holders of outstanding SIP Preferred Shares subject to Redemption, or Holders of SIP Preferred Shares, was fixed on October 10, 2011, or the Record Date. In accordance with the terms and conditions of the SIP Preferred Shares, the Holders of SIP Preferred Shares as of the Record Date are entitled to payment of the redemption price in an amount equal to the par value of such shares, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon up to the Redemption Date, or the Redemption Price.

PLDT has set aside Php5.9 billion (the amount required to fund the redemption price for the SIP Preferred Shares) in addition to Php2.3 billion for unclaimed dividends on SIP Preferred Shares, or a total amount of Php8.2 billion, to fund the redemption of the SIP Preferred Shares, or the Redemption Trust Fund, in a trust account, or the Trust Account, in the name of Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation, or RCBC, as Trustee. Pursuant to the terms of the Trust Account, the Trustee will continue to hold the Redemption Trust Fund or any balance thereof, in trust, for the benefit of Holders of SIP Preferred Shares, for a period of ten years from the Redemption Date, or until January 19, 2022. After the said date, any and all remaining balance in the Trust Account shall be returned to PLDT and revert to its general funds. Any interests on the Redemption Trust Fund shall accrue for the benefit of, and be paid from time to time, to PLDT.

On May 8, 2012, the Board of Directors approved the redemption of all outstanding shares of PLDT’s Series GG 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock and all such shares were redeemed and retired effective on August 30, 2012. The record date for purposes of determining the holders of the outstanding Series GG Shares subject to redemption, or Holders of Series GG Shares, was fixed on May 22, 2012. In accordance with the terms and conditions of the Series GG Shares, the Holders of the Series GG Shares as at May 22, 2012 are entitled to the payment of the redemption price in an amount equal to the par value of such shares, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon up to August 30, 2012, or the Redemption Price of Series GG Shares.

PLDT has set aside Php247 thousand (the amount required to fund the redemption price for the Series GG Shares) in addition to Php63 thousand for unclaimed dividends on Series GG Shares, or a total amount of Php310 thousand, to fund the redemption price for the Series GG Shares, or the Redemption Trust Fund for Series GG Shares, which forms an integral part of the Redemption Trust Fund previously set aside in the trust account with RCBC, as Trustee, for the purpose of funding the payment of the Redemption Price of PLDT Series A to FF 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock.

As at January 19, 2012 and August 30, 2012, notwithstanding that any stock certificate representing the Series A to FF 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock and Series GG 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, respectively, were not surrendered for cancellation, the Series A to FF 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock and Series GG 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock were no longer deemed outstanding and the right of the holders of such shares to receive dividends thereon ceased to accrue and all rights with respect to such shares ceased and terminated, except only the right to receive the Redemption Price of such shares, but without interest thereon.

361

On January 29, 2013, the Board of Directors approved the redemption of all outstanding shares of PLDT’s Series HH 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock which were issued in 2007 and all such shares were redeemed and retired effective on May 16, 2013. The record date for purpose of determining the holders of the outstanding Series HH Shares issued in 2007 subject to redemption, or Holders of Series HH Shares issued in 2007, was fixed on February 14, 2013. In accordance with the terms and conditions of Series HH Shares issued in 2007, the Holders of Series HH Shares issued in 2007 as at February 14, 2013 are entitled to the payment of the redemption price in an amount equal to the par value of such shares, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon up to May 16, 2013, or the Redemption Price of Series HH Shares issued in 2007.

On January 28, 2014, the Board of Directors approved the redemption of all outstanding shares of PLDT’s Series HH 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock which were issued in 2008, and all such shares were redeemed and retired effective on May 16, 2014. The record date for the purpose of determining the holders of the outstanding Series HH Shares issued in 2008 subject to redemption or Holders of Series HH Shares issued in 2008, was fixed on February 14, 2014. In accordance with the terms and conditions of Series HH Shares issued in 2008, the Holders of Series HH Shares issued in 2008 as at February 14, 2014 are entitled to the payment of the redemption price in an amount equal to the par value of such shares, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon up to May 16, 2014, or the Redemption Price of Series HH Shares issued in 2008.

Total amounts of Php30 million, Php74 million and Php279 million were withdrawn from the Trust Account, representing total payments on redemption for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The balances of the Trust Account of Php7,922 million and Php7,952 million were presented as part of the “Current portion of advances and other noncurrent assets” and the related redemption liability of the same amount were presented as part of “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in our consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 24 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities and Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities.

PLDT expects to similarly redeem the outstanding shares of Series II 10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock as and when they become eligible for redemption.

362

Common Stock

The Board of Directors approved a share buyback program of up to five million shares of PLDT’s common stock, representing approximately 3% of PLDT’s then total outstanding shares of common stock in 2008. The share buyback program reflects PLDT’s commitment to capital management as an important element in enhancing shareholders value. This also reinforces initiatives that PLDT has already undertaken, such as the declaration of special dividends on common stock in addition to the regular dividend payout equivalent to 75% of our core EPS, after having determined that PLDT has the capacity to pay additional returns to shareholders. Under the share buyback program, PLDT reacquired shares on an opportunistic basis, directly from the open market through the trading facilities of the PSE and NYSE.

We had acquired a total of approximately 2.72 million shares of PLDT’s common stock at a weighted average price of Php2,388 per share for a total consideration of Php6,505 million in accordance with the share buyback program as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

On November 9, 2011, the PSE approved the listing of an additional 27.7 million common shares of PLDT, which were issued on October 26, 2011 at the issue price of Php2,500 per share, as consideration for the acquisition by PLDT of certain assets of Digitel from JGSHI.

Decrease in Authorized Capital Stock

On April 23, 2013 and June 14, 2013, the Board of Directors and stockholders, respectively, approved the following actions: (1) decrease in PLDT’s authorized capital stock from Php9,395 million divided into two classes consisting of: (a) Preferred Capital Stock sub-classified into: 150 million shares of Voting Preferred Stock of the par value of Php1.00 each and 807.5 million shares of Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stock of the par value of Php10.00 each; and (b) 234 million shares of Common Capital Stock of the par value of Php5.00 each, to Php5,195 million, divided into two classes consisting of: (a) Preferred Capital Stock sub-classified into: 150 million shares of Voting Preferred Stock of the par value of Php1.00 each and 387.5 million shares of Non-Voting Serial Preferred Stock of the par value of Php10.00 each; and (b) 234 million shares of Common Capital Stock of the par value of Php5.00 each; and (2) corresponding amendments to the Seventh Article of the Articles of Incorporation of PLDT. On October 3, 2013, the Philippine SEC approved the decrease in authorized capital stock and amendments to the Articles of Incorporation of PLDT.

363

Dividends Declared

Our dividends declared for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are detailed as follows:

December 31, 2014

Date

Amount

Class

Approved

Record

Payable

Per Share

Total

(in million pesos, except per share amounts)

10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

Series HH (Final Dividends)

April 1, 2014

February 14, 2014

May 16, 2014

0.0027/day

—

Series II

April 1, 2014

April 30, 2014

May 30, 2014

1.00

—

Cumulative Non-Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock

Series IV*

January 28, 2014

February 27, 2014

March 15, 2014

—

May 6, 2014

May 27, 2014

June 15, 2014

—

August 5, 2014

August 20, 2014

September 15, 2014

—

November 4, 2014

November 20, 2014

December 15, 2014

—

Voting Preferred Stock

March 4, 2014

March 20, 2014

April 15, 2014

—

June 10, 2014

June 27, 2014

July 15, 2014

—

September 30, 2014

October 15, 2014

—

December 2, 2014

December 19, 2014

January 15, 2015

—

Common Stock

Regular Dividend

March 4, 2014

March 18, 2014

April 16, 2014

62.00

13,395

August 5, 2014

August 28, 2014

September 26, 2014

69.00

14,908

Special Dividend

March 4, 2014

March 18, 2014

April 16, 2014

54.00

11,667

39,970

Charged to retained earnings

40,029

*	Dividends were declared based on total amount paid up.

364

December 31, 2013

Date

Amount

Class

Approved

Record

Payable

Per Share

Total

(in million pesos, except per share amounts)

10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

Series HH (issued 2008)

April 23, 2013

May 9, 2013

May 31, 2013

1.00

—

Series HH (final, issued 2007)

April 23, 2013

February 14, 2013

May 16, 2013

0.0027/day

—

Series II

April 23, 2013

May 9, 2013

May 31, 2013

1.00

—

Cumulative Non-Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock

Series IV*

January 29, 2013

February 28, 2013

March 15, 2013

—

May 7, 2013

May 27, 2013

June 15, 2013

—

August 7, 2013

August 23, 2013

September 15, 2013

—

November 5, 2013

November 20, 2013

December 15, 2013

—

Voting Preferred Stock

March 5, 2013

March 20, 2013

April 15, 2013

—

June 14, 2013

June 28, 2013

July 15, 2013

—

August 27, 2013

September 11, 2013

October 15, 2013

—

December 3, 2013

December 19, 2013

January 15, 2014

—

Common Stock

Regular Dividend

March 5, 2013

March 19, 2013

April 18, 2013

60.00

12,963

August 7, 2013

August 30, 2013

September 27, 2013

63.00

13,611

Special Dividend

March 5, 2013

March 19, 2013

April 18, 2013

52.00

11,235

37,809

Charged to retained earnings

37,868

*	Dividends were declared based on total amount paid up.

December 31, 2012

Date

Amount

Class

Approved

Record

Payable

Per Share

Total

(in million pesos, except per share amounts)

10% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

Series GG

January 31, 2012

February 29, 2012

May 30, 2012

1.00

—

Series GG (final, issued 2005)

July 3, 2012

May 22, 2012

August 30, 2012

0.0027/day

—

Series HH

March 22, 2012

April 21, 2012

May 31, 2012

1.00

—

Series II

March 22, 2012

April 21, 2012

May 31, 2012

1.00

—

Cumulative Non-Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock

Series IV*

January 31, 2012

February 20, 2012

March 15, 2012

—

May 8, 2012

May 28, 2012

June 15, 2012

—

August 7, 2012

August 22, 2012

September 15, 2012

—

November 6, 2012

November 20, 2012

December 15, 2012

—

Voting Preferred Stock

December 4, 2012

December 19, 2012

January 15, 2013

0.0001806/day

Common Stock

Regular Dividend

March 6, 2012

March 20, 2012

April 20, 2012

63.00

13,611

August 7, 2012

August 31, 2012

September 28, 2012

60.00

12,964

Special Dividend

March 6, 2012

March 20, 2012

April 20, 2012

48.00

10,371

36,946

Charged to retained earnings

36,997

*	Dividends were declared based on total amount paid up.

365

Our dividends declared after December 31, 2014 are detailed as follows:

Date

Amount

Class

Approved

Record

Payable

Per Share

Total

(in million pesos, except per share amounts)

Cumulative Non-Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock

Series IV*

January 27, 2015

February 26, 2015

March 15, 2015

—

Voting Preferred Stock

March 3, 2015

March 19, 2015

April 15, 2015

—

Common Stock

Regular Dividend

March 3, 2015

March 17, 2015

April 16, 2015

61.00

13,179

Special Dividend

March 3, 2015

March 17, 2015

April 16, 2015

26.00

5,618

18,797

Charged to retained earnings

18,811

*	Dividends were declared based on total amount paid up.

366

Retained Earnings Available for Dividend Declaration

The following table shows the reconciliation of our consolidated retained earnings available for dividend declaration as at December 31, 2014:


	(in million pesos)
Consolidated unappropriated retained earnings as at December 31, 2013		22,968
Effect of Philippine Accounting Standard 27 Adjustments and other adjustments		6,277

Parent Company’s unappropriated retained earnings at beginning of the year		29,245
Less: Cumulative unrealized income – net of tax:
Unrealized foreign exchange gains – net (except those attributable to cash and cash equivalents)		(664	)
Fair value adjustments of investment property resulting to gain		(820	)
Fair value adjustments (mark-to-market gains)		(1,502	)

Parent Company’s unappropriated retained earnings available for dividends as at January 1, 2014		26,259

Parent Company’s net income attributable to equity holders of PLDT for the year		33,362
Less: Unrealized income – net of tax during the year
Fair value adjustments (mark-to-market gains)		(224	)
Fair value adjustments of investment property resulting to gain		(43	)

		33,095

Add: Realized income during the year
Realized foreign exchange gains		101

Cash dividends declared during the year
Common stock		(39,970	)
Preferred stock (Note 8)		(59	)

Charged to retained earnings		(40,029	)

Parent Company’s unappropriated retained earnings available for dividends as at December 31, 2014		19,426

As at December 31, 2014, our consolidated unappropriated retained earnings amounted to Php17,030 million while the Parent Company’s unappropriated retained earnings amounted to Php22,578 million. The difference of Php5,548 million pertains to the effect of Philippine Accounting Standard 27 in our investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures accounted for under the equity method.

367

21.

Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of the following:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Long-term portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities:
Long-term debt (Notes 9 and 28)		115,399		88,924
Obligations under finance leases (Note 28)		1		6

		115,400		88,930


Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities:
Long-term debt maturing within one year (Notes 9 and 28)		14,724		15,166
Obligations under finance leases maturing within one year (Note 28)		5		5

		14,729		15,171

Unamortized debt discount, representing debt issuance costs and any difference between the fair value of consideration given or received at initial recognition, included in our financial liabilities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Long-term debt (Note 28)		511		382
Obligation under finance lease		—		1

Unamortized debt discount at end of the year		511		383

The following table describes all changes to unamortized debt discount for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Unamortized debt discount at beginning of the year		383			1,326
Additions during the year		293			213
Accretion during the year included as part of Financing costs – net (Note 5)		(165	)		(1,541	)
Revaluations during the year		—			385

Unamortized debt discount at end of the year		511			383

368

Long-term Debt

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, long-term debt consists of:


Description	Interest Rates	2014			2013
		(in millions)
U.S. Dollar Debts:
Export Credit Agencies-Supported Loans:
Exportkreditnamnden, or EKN	1.41% to 1.90% and US$ LIBOR + 0.30% to 0.35% in 2014 and 1.41% to 3.79% and US$ LIBOR + 0.30% to 0.35% in 2013	US$	94	Php4,187	US$	101	Php4,506
China Export and Credit Insurance Corporation, or Sinosure	US$ LIBOR + 0.55% to 1.80% in 2014 and 2013		82	3,679		117	5,174
EKN and AB Svensk Exportkredit, or SEK	3.95% in 2014 and 2013		44	1,974		56	2,476
Finnvera, Plc, or Finnvera	2.99% and US$ LIBOR + 1.35% in 2014 and 2013		5	223		25	1,098
Others	US$ LIBOR + 0.35% in 2014 and US$ LIBOR + 0.35% to 0.40% in 2013		—	—		—	17

			225	10,063		299	13,271

Fixed Rate Notes	8.35% in 2014 and 2013		227	10,170		233	10,334
Term Loans:
GSM Network Expansion Facilities	US$ LIBOR + 0.85% to 1.85% in 2014 and US$ LIBOR + 0.42% to 1.85% in 2013		75	3,354		118	5,251
Others	US$ LIBOR + 0.95% to 1.90% in 2014 and US$ LIBOR + 0.42% to 1.90% in 2013		828	37,045		682	30,276

		US$	1,355	60,632	US$	1,332	59,132


Philippine Peso Debts:
Corporate Notes	5.3300% to 6.3981% in 2014 and 5.3300% to 7.7946% in 2013			21,534			22,499
Fixed Rate Retail Bonds	5.2250% to 5.2813% in 2014			14,865			—
Term Loans:
Unsecured Term Loans	3.9250% to 6.3462%, PDST-F + 0.3000%; BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate in 2014 and 3.9250% to 7.4292%, PDST-F + 0.3000% to 0.8000%; BSP overnight rate + 0.3000% to 0.5000% and BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% in 2013			33,092			22,459

				69,491			44,958

Total long-term debt (Note 28)				130,123			104,090
Less portion maturing within one year (Note 28)				14,724			15,166

Noncurrent portion of long-term (Note 28)				Php115,399			Php88,924

Note: Amounts presented are net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs.

369

The scheduled maturities of our consolidated outstanding long-term debt at nominal values as at December 31, 2014 are as follows:


	U.S. Dollar Debt				Php Debt		Total
Year	In U.S. Dollar		In Php		In Php		In Php
	(in millions)
2015		316		14,128		770		14,898
2016		300		13,426		770		14,196
2017		467		20,897		8,304		29,201
2018		117		5,256		710		5,966
2019 and onwards		162		7,237		59,136		66,373

(Note 28)		1,362		60,944		69,690		130,634

U.S. Dollar Debts:

Export Credit Agencies-Supported Loans

In order to acquire imported components for our network infrastructure in connection with our expansion and service improvement programs, we obtained loans extended and/or guaranteed by various export credit agencies.

EKN

On April 4, 2006, DMPI signed a US$18.7 million loan agreement with Nordea Bank AB (publ), or Nordea Bank, as the lender, to finance the supply of GSM mobile telephone equipment and related services. The loan was covered by a guarantee from EKN, the export-credit agency of Sweden. The loan is payable over nine years in 18 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on April 30, 2015. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2006 and 2007. The amounts of US$1 million, or Php48 million, and US$3 million, or Php143 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On December 20, 2006, DMPI signed a US$43.2 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the GSM Expansion in Visayas and Mindanao. The loan was covered by a guarantee from EKN. The loan was payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on May 30, 2014. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2007 and 2008 in the total amount of US$42.9 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.3 million was cancelled. The amount of US$3 million, or Php142 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on May 30, 2014.

370

On December 17, 2007, DMPI signed a US$59.2 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank, Societe Generale and Calyon as the lenders, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the Phase 7 North Luzon Expansion and Change-out Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from EKN. The loan is payable over nine years in 18 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on March 30, 2017. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009 in the total amount of US$59.1 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.1 million was cancelled. The amounts of US$17 million, or Php755 million, and US$24 million, or Php1,049 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On December 17, 2007, DMPI signed a US$51.2 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank, Societe Generale and Calyon as the lenders, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the Phase 7 Expansion Project in Visayas and Mindanao. The loan was covered by a guarantee from EKN. The loan is payable over nine years in 18 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on June 30, 2017. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009 in the total amount of US$51.1 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.1 million was cancelled. The amounts of US$15 million, or Php656 million, and US$20 million, or Php911 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On November 25, 2008, Smart signed a US$22 million term loan facility agreement with Nordea Bank as the original lender, arranger and facility agent and subsequently assigned its rights and obligations to the AB Svensk Exportkredit (Swedish Export Credit Corporation), or SEK, supported by EKN on December 10, 2008, to finance the supply, installation, commissioning and testing of Wireless-Code Division Multiple Access, or W-CDMA/High Speed Packet Access project. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on December 10, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The loan was paid in full on December 10, 2013.

On June 10, 2011, Smart signed a US$49 million term loan facility agreement with Nordea Bank as the original lender, arranger and facility agent, to finance the supply and services contracts for the modernization and expansion project. On July 5, 2011, Nordea Bank assigned its rights and obligations to the SEK guaranteed by EKN. The loan was comprised of Tranche A1, Tranche A2 and Tranche B in the amounts of US$24 million, US$24 million and US$1 million, respectively. The loan is payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on December 29, 2016 for Tranche A1 and B and October 30, 2017 for Tranche A2. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2012 in the total amount of US$33 million (US$24 million for Tranche A1, US$8 million for Tranche A2 and US$1 million for Tranche B) and the remaining balance of US$16 million for Tranche A2 was drawn on February 21, 2013. The aggregate amounts of US$24 million, or Php1,065 million, and US$33 million, or Php1,474 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

371

On February 22, 2013, Smart signed a US$46 million five-year term loan facility agreement with Nordea Bank as the original lender, arranger and facility agent, to finance the supply and services contracts for the modernization and expansion project. In July 3, 2013, Nordea Bank assigned its rights and obligations to the SEK guaranteed by EKN. The loan was comprised of Tranches A1 and A2 in the amounts of US$25 million and US$19 million, respectively, and Tranches B1 and B2 in the amounts of US$0.9 million and US$0.7 million, respectively. The facility is payable semi-annually in ten equal installments commencing six months after the applicable mean delivery date. The loan was partially drawn on December 19, 2013 for Tranches A1 and B1 in the amounts of US$18 million and US$0.9 million, respectively. Subsequently, the Tranche A1 loan was partially drawn on March 20, 2014 and fully drawn on June 19, 2014 in the amounts of US$3 million and US$4 million, respectively. Tranche A loan was partially drawn on September 19, 2014 and December 18, 2014 in the amounts of US$8 million and US$11 million, respectively, and Tranche B loan was fully drawn on September 19, 2014 in the amount of US$0.7 million. The aggregate amounts of US$37 million, or Php1,663 million, and US$18 million, or Php787 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Sinosure

On December 1, 2005, DMPI signed a US$23.6 million Export Credit Agreement with Societe Generale and Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank (formerly Calyon) as the lenders, to finance the supply of the equipment, software, and offshore services for the GSM 1800 in the National Capital Region, or NCR. The loan was covered by a guarantee from China Export and Credit Insurance Corporation, or Sinosure, the export-credit agency of China. The loan was payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on December 1, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2005, 2006 and 2007. The loan was paid in full on December 2, 2013.

On May 4, 2006, DMPI signed a US$12.7 million Export Credit Agreement with Societe Generale and Calyon as the lenders, to finance the supply of the equipment and software for the expansion of its GSM services in NCR. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan was payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on October 6, 2014. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2007 and 2008 in the total amount of US$12.2 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.5 million was cancelled. The amount of US$2 million, or Php77 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on October 6, 2014.

On June 1, 2006, DMPI signed a US$12 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank N.V., or ING Bank, as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the upgrading of GSM Phase 5 Core Intelligent Network Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan was payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on June 1, 2014. The loan was drawn in 2006 and 2007 in the amounts of US$8 million and US$2 million, respectively. The undrawn amount of US$2 million was cancelled. The amount of US$1 million, or Php31 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on June 2, 2014.

372

On May 24, 2007, DMPI signed a US$21 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment for the Phase 6 South Luzon Change Out and Expansion Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on May 24, 2015. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2008 in the total amount of US$20.8 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.2 million was cancelled. The amounts of US$1 million, or Php67 million, and US$5 million, or Php198 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On May 24, 2007, DMPI signed a US$12.1 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment for the Phase 6 NCR Expansion Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on May 24, 2015. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008. The amounts of US$1 million, or Php39 million, and US$3 million, or Php115 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On November 10, 2008, DMPI signed a US$23.8 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the Phase 7 Core Expansion Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on September 1, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The amounts of US$7 million, or Php304 million, and US$10 million, or Php452 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On November 10, 2008, DMPI signed a US$5.5 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the supply of 3G network in NCR. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on September 1, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The amounts of US$2 million, or Php70 million, and US$2 million, or Php105 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On November 10, 2008, DMPI signed a US$4.9 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the Phase 7 Intelligent Network Expansion Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on September 1, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The amounts of US$1 million, or Php63 million, and US$2 million, or Php94 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On August 14, 2009, DMPI signed a US$24.7 million loan agreement with Credit Suisse as the lead arranger, to finance the supply of telephone equipment for the Phase 7 NCR Base Station Expansion. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on August 14, 2017. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2009 and 2010. The facility was prepaid in full on February 14, 2013.

373

On August 14, 2009, DMPI signed a US$15.9 million loan agreement with The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, or HSBC, as the lender, to finance the supply of telephone equipment for the Phase 7 South Luzon Base Station Expansion. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on August 14, 2017. The loan was drawn in 2009 and 2010 in the amounts of US$14.1 million and US$1.4 million, respectively. The undrawn amount of US$0.4 million was cancelled. The facility was prepaid in full on February 14, 2013.

On December 16, 2009, DMPI signed a US$50 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with China Citic Bank Corporation Ltd., or China CITIC Bank, as the original lender, to finance the equipment, software and related materials for the Phase 2 3G Expansion, transmission for the Phase 2 3G Expansion and Phase 8A NCR and South Luzon BSS Expansion Projects. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on December 17, 2017. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2010 in the total amount of US$48 million. The undrawn amount of US$2 million was cancelled. On December 9, 2011, China CITIC Bank and ING Bank signed a Transfer Certificate and Assignment of Guarantee whereby ING Bank took over the debt under the Buyer’s Credit Agreement. The assignment of debt was completed on December 16, 2011. The amounts of US$20 million, or Php909 million, and US$27 million, or Php1,203 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On September 15, 2010, DMPI signed a US$117.3 million loan agreement with China Development Bank and HSBC as the lenders, to finance the purchase of equipment and related materials for the expansion of: (1) Phase 8A and 8B Core and IN Network Expansion; (2) Phase 8B NCR and SLZ BSS Network Expansion Project; and (3) Phase 3 3G Network Roll-out Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Sinosure. The loan is payable over seven and a half years in 15 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on April 10, 2019. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2011 in the total amount of US$116.3 million. The undrawn amount of US$1 million was cancelled. The amount of US$20 million was partially prepaid on April 10, 2013 and the remaining balance is now payable over five years in 10 semi-annual installments, with final installment on April 10, 2018. The amounts of US$50 million, or Php2,227 million, and US$65 million, or Php2,899 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

374

EKN and SEK

On April 28, 2009, DMPI signed a US$96.6 million loan agreement with Nordea Bank and ING Bank as the lenders, to finance the supply of GSM mobile telephone equipment and related services. The loan was comprised of Tranche 1 and Tranche 2 in the amounts of US$43 million and US$53.6 million, respectively. The loan was covered by a guarantee from EKN and SEK, the export-credit agency of Sweden. Both tranches are payable over eight and a half years in 17 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on February 28, 2018 for Tranche 1 and November 30, 2018 for Tranche 2. Tranches 1 and 2 were fully drawn on various dates in 2009, 2010 and 2011. The aggregate amounts of US$44 million, or Php1,974 million, and US$56 million, or Php2,476 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Finnvera, Plc, or Finnvera

On May 14, 2009, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with Finnish Export Credit, Plc, or FEC, guaranteed by Finnvera, the Finnish Export Credit Agency, and awarded to Calyon as the arranger, to finance the Phase 10 (Extension) GSM equipment and services contract. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on July 15, 2014. The loan was fully drawn on July 15, 2009. The amount of US$10 million, or Php442 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on July 15, 2014.

On October 9, 2009, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with FEC guaranteed by Finnvera for 100% political and commercial risk cover to finance GSM equipment and services contracts. The loan was awarded to Citicorp as the arranger which was subsequently transferred to ANZ on January 4, 2011. The loan is payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on April 7, 2015. The loan was fully drawn on April 7, 2010. The amounts of US$5 million, or Php223 million, and US$15 million, or Php656 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Others – Export Credit Agencies

Compagnie Francaise d’ Assurance pour le Commerce Exterieur, or COFACE

On August 18, 2005, DMPI signed a US$19 million Export Credit Agreement with ING Bank, Societe Generale and Calyon as the lenders, to finance the supply of telecommunications materials, software, and services for the GSM Cellular Mobile Short Term Core Expansion Project. The loan was covered by a guarantee from COFACE, the export-credit agency of France. The loan was payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on February 8, 2013. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2005 and 2006 in the total amount of US$18.2 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.8 million was cancelled. The loan was paid in full on February 8, 2013.

375

Atradius N.V., or Atradius

On July 3, 2006, DMPI signed a US$6 million Buyer’s Credit Agreement with ING Bank as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the Phase 5 Mobile Messaging Core Network. The loan was covered by a guarantee from Atradius, the export-credit agency of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The loan was payable over seven years in 14 equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on June 27, 2014. The loan was drawn in 2006 and 2007 in the total amount of US$5.4 million. The undrawn amount of US$0.6 million was cancelled. The amount of US$0.4 million, or Php17 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on June 27, 2014.

Fixed Rate Notes

On March 6, 1997, PLDT issued a US$300 million 20-year non-amortizing fixed rate note with a coupon rate of 8.350% under the Indenture dated April 19, 1996 between PLDT and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (formerly Bankers Trust Company) as trustee (“2017 Notes”). Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance service improvements and expansion programs. The 2017 Notes will mature on March 6, 2017. On various dates in 2008 to 2014, PLDT repurchased the 2017 Notes from the secondary market in the aggregate amount of US$71.6 million. The amounts of US$227 million, or Php10,170 million, and US$233 million, or Php10,334 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

Term Loans

GSM Network Expansion Facilities

On October 10, 2007, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with Norddeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale Singapore Branch, or Nord LB, as the lender with Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Ltd., or Standard Chartered, as the facility agent, to finance the related Phase 10 GSM equipment and service contracts. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual payments, with final installment on March 11, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on March 10, 2008. The loan was paid in full on March 11, 2013.

On November 27, 2008, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with FEC to finance the Phase 10 GSM equipment and service contracts. The loan was awarded to ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited, Standard Chartered, Mizuho Corporate Bank, Ltd. as the lead arrangers. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on January 23, 2014. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2009. The amount of US$5 million, or Php222 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on January 23, 2014.

376

On June 6, 2011, Smart signed a US$60 million term loan facility agreement with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan is payable over five years in eight equal semi-annual installments commencing on the 18th month from signing date, with final installment on June 6, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2012. The amounts of US$22 million, or Php1,007 million, and US$38 million, or Php1,665 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On August 19, 2011, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with FEC as the lender, to finance the supply contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan was arranged by The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., HSBC and Mizuho Corporate Bank, Ltd. The loan is payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments commencing six months after August 19, 2012, with final installment on August 19, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2012. The amounts of US$25 million, or Php1,115 million, and US$37 million, or Php1,657 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On May 29, 2012, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. as the lender, to finance the equipment and service contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing on May 29, 2013, with final installment on May 29, 2017. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2012. The amounts of US$28 million, or Php1,232 million, and US$38 million, or Php1,707 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

US$283 Million Term Loan Facility, or Debt Exchange Facility

On July 2, 2004, Smart acquired from PCEV’s creditors approximately US$289 million, or 69.4%, of the aggregate of PCEV’s outstanding restructured debt at that time, in exchange for debt and a cash payment by Smart. In particular, Smart paid cash amounting to US$1.5 million, or Php84 million and issued new debt of US$283 million, or Php15,854 million, with fair value of Php8,390 million, net of unamortized debt discount amounting to Php7,464 million. In September 2013, the loan was prepaid in full and the remaining debt discount of US$13 million, or Php731 million, was amortized and charged to profit and loss for the year.

Other Term Loans

On January 15, 2008, PLDT signed a US$100 million term loan facility agreement with Nord LB to be used for its capital expenditure requirements. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments. Two separate drawdowns of US$50 million each were drawn from the facility on March 27, 2008 and April 10, 2008. The loan was paid in full on March 27, 2013.

377

On July 15, 2008, PLDT signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with the Bank of the Philippine Islands, or BPI, to refinance its loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan was payable over five years in 17 equal quarterly installments commencing on the fourth quarter from the initial drawdown date, with final installment on July 22, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008. The loan was paid in full on July 22, 2013.

On March 7, 2012, PLDT signed a US$150 million term loan facility agreement with a syndicate of banks with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as the facility agent, to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement programs. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing on the date which falls 12 months after the date of the loan agreement, with final installment on March 7, 2017. Two separate drawdowns of US$100 million and US$50 million were drawn on May 10, 2012 and September 4, 2012, respectively. The amounts of US$84 million, or Php3,729 million, and US$117 million, or Php5,180 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On March 16, 2012, PLDT signed a US$25 million term loan facility agreement with Citibank, N.A. Manila to refinance loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over five years in 17 equal quarterly installments commencing 12 months from the initial drawdown date, with final installment on May 30, 2017. The loan was fully drawn on May 29, 2012. The amounts of US$15 million, or Php658 million, and US$21 million, or Php914 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On January 16, 2013, PLDT signed a US$300 million term loan facility agreement with a syndicate of banks with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as the facility agent, to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance existing obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement programs. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing on the date which falls 12 months after the date of the loan agreement, with final installment on January 16, 2018. The amounts of US$40 million, US$160 million and US$100 million were drawn on March 6, 2013, April 19, 2013 and July 3, 2013, respectively. The amounts of US$233 million, or Php10,439 million, and US$300 million, or Php13,319 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On January 28, 2013, Smart signed a US$35 million term loan facility agreement with China Banking Corporation to finance the equipment and service contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments. The loan was fully drawn on May 7, 2013. The amounts of US$24 million, or Php1,096 million, and US$31 million, or Php1,398 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

378

On March 25, 2013, Smart signed a US$50 million term loan facility agreement with FEC, as the original lender, to finance the supply and services contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan was arranged by the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. and Mizuho Corporate Bank, Ltd. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing six months after drawdown date. The loan was partially drawn in the amounts of US$18 million, US$6 million and US$8 million on September 16, 2013, November 19, 2013 and March 24, 2014, respectively. The undrawn balance of the facility in the amount of US$18 million was cancelled. The amounts of US$25 million, or Php1,102 million, and US$23 million, or Php1,030 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On May 31, 2013, Smart signed a US$80 million term loan facility agreement with China Banking Corporation to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement program of Smart. The loan is payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments commencing six months after drawdown date, with final installment on May 31, 2018. The loan was fully drawn on September 25, 2013. The amounts of US$56 million, or Php2,505 million, and US$72 million, or Php3,197 million, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On June 20, 2013, Smart signed a US$120 million term loan facility agreement with Mizuho Corporate Bank, Ltd. and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, as the lead arrangers and creditors with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, as the facility agent. Proceeds of the facility are intended to be used to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement program of Smart. The loan is payable over five years in eight equal semi-annual installments commencing six months after drawdown date, with final installment on June 20, 2018. The loan was fully drawn on September 25, 2013. The amounts of US$104 million, or Php4,640 million, and US$118 million, or Php5,238 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

On March 7, 2014, Smart signed a US$100 million term loan facility agreement with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. to finance the equipment and service contracts for the modernization and expansion project. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing twelve months after drawdown date, with final installment on March 7, 2019. The loan was partially drawn in the amounts of US$35 million, US$30 million and US$25 million on March 24, 2014, August 1, 2014 and November 24, 2014, respectively. The amount of US$88 million, or Php3,958 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014. The amount of US$10 million was fully drawn on March 2, 2015. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

379

On February 26, 2015, PLDT signed a US$200 million term loan facility with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as the facility agent, to finance capital expenditure requirements for network expansion and improvement and/or to refinance existing indebtedness proceeds of which were utilized for service improvement and network expansion. The loan is comprised of two tranches: Tranche A amounting to US$150 million which carries a floating interest rate and Tranche B amounting to US$50 which carries a floating interest rate on the first year and a fixed interest rate on the second year until maturity of the loan. Both tranches are payable over seven years commencing on the date which falls 36 months after the date of the agreement, with semi-annual amortizations of 23.75% of the loan amount on the first and second repayment dates and seven semi-annual amortizations of 7.5% of the loan amount starting on the third repayment date. The amount of US$50 million for Tranche B was drawn on March 5, 2015.

On March 4, 2015, Smart signed a US$200 million term loan facility agreement with Mizuho Bank Ltd. to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing on the date which falls 12 months after the date of the loan agreement, with final installment on March 4, 2020. The amount of US$100 million was partially drawn on March 23, 2015.

380

Philippine Peso Debts:

Corporate Notes

Php5,000 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On February 15, 2007, Smart issued Php5,000 million fixed rate corporate notes, comprised of Series A five-year notes amounting to Php3,800 million and Series B ten-year notes amounting to Php1,200 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance the capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program of Smart. The Series A note and Series B note were prepaid in full on February 16, 2012 and November 15, 2013, respectively.

Php2,500 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On July 13, 2010, PLDT issued Php2,500 million five-year fixed rate corporate notes under a Notes Facility Agreement dated July 12, 2010. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for network expansion and improvement. The notes were prepaid in full on July 15, 2013.

Php2,500 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On July 13, 2010, Smart issued Php2,500 million five-year fixed rate corporate notes under a Notes Facility Agreement dated July 12, 2010. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used primarily to finance capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program of Smart. The notes were prepaid in full on July 15, 2013.

Php2,000 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On March 9, 2011, Smart signed a Php2,000 million Notes Facility Agreement with BDO Private Bank, Inc. comprised of Tranche A amounting to Php1,000 million which was issued on March 16, 2011 and Tranche B amounting to Php1,000 million which was fully drawn and issued in multiple drawdowns of Php250 million each on various dates in 2011. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program of Smart. The notes were payable in full, five years from their respective issue dates. The notes were partially prepaid in the amounts of Php1,000 million and Php250 million on December 16, 2013 and December 23, 2013, respectively. The amount of Php750 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The remaining balance was prepaid in full on January 2014.

381

Php5,000 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On March 24, 2011, PLDT issued Php5,000 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Notes Facility Agreement dated March 22, 2011, comprised of Series A five-year notes amounting to Php3,435 million, Series B seven-year notes amounting to Php700 million and Series C ten-year notes amounting to Php865 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement and/or to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The Series A notes are payable over five years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the fourth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on March 25, 2016. The Series B notes are payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the sixth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on March 26, 2018. The Series C notes are payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the ninth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on March 24, 2021. The notes were prepaid in full on March 25, 2013.

Php5,000 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On November 8, 2011, PLDT issued Php5,000 million fixed rate notes under a Notes Facility Agreement dated November 4, 2011, comprised of Series A five-year notes amounting to Php2,795 million, Series B seven-year notes amounting to Php230 million and Series C ten-year notes amounting to Php1,975 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement and/or to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The Series A notes are payable over five years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the fourth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on November 9, 2016. The Series B notes are payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the sixth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on November 8, 2018. The Series C notes are payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the ninth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on November 8, 2021. The notes were prepaid in full on November 8, 2013.

Php5,500 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On March 19, 2012, Smart issued Php5,500 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Notes Facility Agreement dated March 15, 2012, comprised of Series A five-year notes amounting to Php1,910 million and Series B ten-year notes amounting to Php3,590 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used primarily for debt refinancing and capital expenditures of Smart. The Series A note facility has an annual amortization equivalent to 1% of the principal amount starting March 19, 2013 with the balance of 96% payable on March 20, 2017. The Series B note facility has an annual amortization equivalent to 1% of the principal amount starting March 19, 2013 with the balance of 91% payable on March 19, 2022. The notes were partially prepaid in the amount of Php1,376 million on July 19, 2013. The aggregate amounts of Php4,002 million and Php4,038 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

382

Php1,500 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On July 27, 2012, PLDT issued Php1,500 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Fixed Rate Corporate Notes Facility Agreement dated July 25, 2012. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement. The notes are payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the sixth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on July 27, 2019. The notes were partially prepaid in the amount of Php1,188 million on July 29, 2013. The amounts of Php294 million and Php297 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php8,800 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On September 21, 2012, PLDT issued Php8,800 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Fixed Rate Corporate Notes Facility Agreement dated September 19, 2012, comprised of Series A seven-year notes amounting to Php4,610 million and Series B ten-year notes amounting to Php4,190 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to refinance existing loan obligations which were used for capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement. The Series A notes are payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the sixth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on September 21, 2019. The Series B notes are payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the ninth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on September 21, 2022. The notes were partially prepaid in the amount of Php2,055 million on June 21, 2013. The amounts of Php6,610 million and Php6,678 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php6,200 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On November 22, 2012, PLDT issued Php6,200 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Fixed Rate Corporate Notes Facility Agreement dated November 20, 2012, comprised of Series A seven-year notes amounting to Php3,775 million and Series B ten-year notes amounting to Php2,425 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to refinance existing loan obligations which were used for capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement. The Series A notes are payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issued price on the first year up to the sixth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on November 22, 2019. The Series B notes are payable over ten-years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the ninth year from issue date and the balance payable upon maturity on November 22, 2022. The amounts of Php6,076 million and Php6,138 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

383

Php1,376 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On June 19, 2013, Smart issued Php1,376 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Notes Facility Agreement dated June 14, 2013, comprised of Series A five-year notes amounting to Php742 million and Series B ten-year notes amounting to Php634 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used primarily for debt refinancing of Smart. The Series A note facility has an annual amortization equivalent to 1% of the principal amount starting June 19, 2014 with the balance of 97% payable on March 20, 2017. The Series B note facility has an annual amortization equivalent to 1% of the principal amount starting June 19, 2014 with the balance of 92% payable on March 21, 2022. The aggregate amounts of Php1,362 million and Php1,376 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php2,055 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On June 21, 2013, PLDT issued Php2,055 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Fixed Rate Corporate Notes Facility Agreement dated June 14, 2013, comprised of Series A notes amounting to Php1,735 million and Series B notes amounting to Php320 million. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to refinance existing loan obligations which were used for capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement. The Series A notes are payable over six years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price up to the fifth year and the balance payable upon maturity on September 21, 2019. The Series B notes are payable over nine years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price up to the eighth year and the balance payable upon maturity on September 21, 2022. The amounts of Php2,014 million and Php2,034 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php1,188 Million Fixed Rate Corporate Notes

On July 29, 2013, PLDT issued Php1,188 million fixed rate corporate notes under a Fixed Rate Corporate Notes Facility Agreement dated July 19, 2013. Proceeds from the issuance of these notes were used to finance capital expenditures for network expansion and improvement. The notes are payable over six years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the issue price on the first year up to the fifth year from the issue date and the balance upon maturity on July 27, 2019. The amounts of Php1,176 million and Php1,188 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

384

Fixed Rate Retail Bonds

Php15,000 Million Fixed Rate Retail Bonds

On February 6, 2014, PLDT issued Php15,000 million Philippine SEC-registered fixed rate peso retail bonds under the Indenture dated January 22, 2014. Proceeds from the issuance of these bonds are intended to be used to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing obligations which were used for capital expenditures for network and expansion improvement. The amount comprises Php12.4 billion and Php2.6 billion bonds due in 2021 and 2024, with a coupon rate of 5.2250% and 5.2813%, respectively. The amount of Php14,865 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

Term Loans

Unsecured Term Loans

Php2,500 Million Term Loan Facility

On October 21, 2008, Smart signed a Php2,500 million term loan facility agreement with Metrobank to finance capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program. The loan was payable over five years in 16 equal consecutive quarterly installments commencing on the fifth quarter from the date of the first drawdown, with final installment on November 13, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on November 13, 2008. The loan was paid in full on November 13, 2013.

Php2,400 Million Term Loan Facility

On November 21, 2008, PLDT signed a Php2,400 million term loan facility agreement with Land Bank of the Philippines, or LBP, to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009 in the total amount of Php2,400 million. The loan was payable over five years in ten equal semi-annual installments, with final installment on December 12, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The loan was paid in full on December 12, 2013.

Php3,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On November 26, 2008, PLDT signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with Union Bank of the Philippines, or Union Bank, to finance capital expenditures and/or to refinance its loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009 in the total amount of Php3,000 million. The loan was payable over five years in nine equal semi-annual installments commencing on the second semester from the initial drawdown date, with final installment on December 23, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The loan was paid in full on December 23, 2013.

385

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On November 28, 2008, PLDT signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with PNB to be used for its capital expenditure requirements in connection with PLDT’s service improvement and expansion programs. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009 in the total amount of Php2,000 million. The loan was payable over five years in 17 equal quarterly installments commencing on the fourth quarter from the initial drawdown date, with final installment on December 19, 2013. The loan was fully drawn on various dates in 2008 and 2009. The loan was paid in full on December 19, 2013.

Php1,500 Million Term Loan Facility

On June 16, 2009, PLDT signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility agreement with Allied Banking Corporation to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan was payable over five years in 17 equal quarterly installments commencing on September 15, 2010, with final installment on September 15, 2014. The loan was fully drawn on September 15, 2009. The loan was prepaid in full on June 17, 2013.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On July 16, 2009, Smart signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with Metrobank to finance capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program. The loan was payable over five years in 16 equal consecutive quarterly installments commencing on the fifth quarter from the date of the first drawdown, with final installment on August 1, 2014. The loan was fully drawn on August 3, 2009. The amount of Php188 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on August 1, 2014.

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On September 18, 2009, PLDT signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with BPI to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan was payable over five years in 17 equal quarterly installments, with final installment on October 27, 2014. The initial drawdown under this loan was made on October 26, 2009 in the amount of Php1,000 million and the balance of Php1,000 million was subsequently drawn on December 4, 2009. The amount of Php471 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on October 27, 2014.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On November 23, 2009, PLDT signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with BPI to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance its loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over five years in 17 equal quarterly installments, with final installment on December 18, 2014. The amount of Php1,000 million was fully drawn on December 18, 2009. The amount of Php235 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2013. The loan was paid in full on December 18, 2014.

386

Php1,500 Million Term Loan Facility

On March 15, 2011, Smart signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility agreement with Metrobank to finance capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program. The loan is a five-year loan, payable in full upon maturity on March 22, 2016. The amount of Php1,500 million was fully drawn on March 22, 2011. The loan was prepaid in full on December 23, 2013.

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On March 24, 2011, Smart signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with PNB to finance capital expenditures for network improvement and expansion program. The loan is a five-year loan, payable in full upon maturity on March 29, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on March 29, 2011. The loan was partially prepaid on December 28, 2012 in the amount of Php200 million. The outstanding principal balance of the loan amounting to Php1,800 million was prepaid in full on December 23, 2013.

Php500 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 4, 2011, PLDT signed a Php500 million term loan facility agreement with the Manufacturers Life Insurance Co. (Phils.), Inc., or Manulife, to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on June 17, 2016. The loan was prepaid in full on June 17, 2013.

Php300 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 4, 2011, PLDT signed a Php300 million term loan facility agreement with the Manulife to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on April 29, 2016. The loan was fully drawn on April 28, 2011 and was prepaid in full on July 29, 2013.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 12, 2011, Digitel signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with Metrobank as the lender, to finance additional capital expenditure requirements. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on June 23, 2016. The loan was partially drawn on various dates in June 2011 in the aggregate amount of Php710 million and the remaining balance was subsequently drawn on June 21, 2012. The loan was prepaid in full on September 10, 2013.

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 14, 2011, Digitel signed a Php2,000 million five-year term loan facility agreement with Banco de Oro Unibank, Inc., or BDO, as the lender, to finance the capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on May 26, 2016. The loan was drawn on various dates in 2011 in the total amount of Php1,948 million. The undrawn amount of Php52 million was cancelled and the loan was prepaid in full on August 27, 2013.

387

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On March 20, 2012, PLDT signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with RCBC to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the fifth year up to the ninth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on April 12, 2022. The amount of Php2,000 million was fully drawn on April 12, 2012 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Php3,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 27, 2012, PLDT signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over five years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the fourth year from drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on July 18, 2017. The amount of Php3,000 million was fully drawn on July 18, 2012. The amounts of Php2,940 million and Php2,970 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On May 29, 2012, PLDT signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over five years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the fourth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on June 27, 2017. The amount of Php2,000 million was fully drawn on June 27, 2012. The amounts of Php1,960 million and Php1,980 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On June 7, 2012, Smart signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over five years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown up to the fourth year and the balance payable upon maturity on August 22, 2017. The amount of Php1,000 million was fully drawn on August 22, 2012. The amounts of Php980 million and Php990 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

388

Php1,500 Million Term Loan Facility

On June 27, 2012, DMPI signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility agreement with BPI, BPI Asset Management and Trust Group and ALFM Peso Bond Fund, Inc. to finance capital expenditures for network expansion and improvements. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount with the balance payable on June 2019. The amount of Php700 million was partially drawn on June 29, 2012 and the remaining balance of Php800 million was subsequently drawn on September 24, 2012. The amounts of Php1,470 million and Php1,485 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php200 Million Term Loan Facility

On August 31, 2012, PLDT signed a Php200 million term loan facility agreement with Manulife to refinance PLDT’s existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on October 9, 2019. The amount of Php200 million was fully drawn on October 9, 2012. The amount of Php200 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On September 3, 2012, PLDT signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with Union Bank to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance PLDT’s existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The facility is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the sixth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on January 13, 2020. The facility was fully drawn on January 11, 2013. The amounts of Php990 million and Php1,000 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On October 11, 2012, PLDT signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with Philippine American Life and General Insurance, or Philam Life, to refinance existing loan obligations which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on December 5, 2022. The amount of Php1,000 million was fully drawn on December 3, 2012. The amount of Php1,000 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

389

Php3,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On December 17, 2012, Smart signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on December 20, 2019. The amount of Php1,000 million was partially drawn on December 20, 2012 and the remaining balance of Php2,000 million was subsequently drawn on March 15, 2013. The amounts of Php2,940 million and Php2,970 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On November 13, 2013, PLDT signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with BPI to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the sixth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on November 22, 2020. Two separate drawdowns of Php1,000 million each were drawn on November 22, 2013 and February 11, 2014. The amounts of Php1,980 million and Php1,000 million remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php3,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On November 25, 2013, Smart signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with Metrobank to refinance existing loan obligations of Smart. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 10% of the total amount drawn for the first six years and the final installment is payable on November 27, 2020. The amount of Php3,000 million was fully drawn on November 29, 2013. The amounts of Php2,688 million and Php2,985 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Php3,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On December 3, 2013, Smart signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with BPI to refinance existing loan obligations of Smart. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the total amount drawn for the first six years and the final installment is payable on December 10, 2020. The amount of Php3,000 million was fully drawn on December 10, 2013. The amounts of Php2,957 million and Php2,985 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

390

Php3,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On January 29, 2014, Smart signed a Php3,000 million term loan facility agreement with LBP to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on February 5, 2021. The amount of Php3,000 million was fully drawn on February 5, 2014. The amount of Php2,987 million, net of unamortized debt discount, remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

Php500 Million Term Loan Facility

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On March 26, 2014, Smart signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility agreement with Union Bank to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on March 29, 2021. The amount of Php2,000 million was fully drawn on March 28, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

Php1,500 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 2, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility agreement with Philam Life to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on April 4, 2024. The amount of Php1,500 million loan was fully drawn on April 4, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

Php500 Million Term Loan Facility

On April 2, 2014, Smart signed a Php500 million term loan facility agreement with BDO to finance capital expenditures for its network upgrade and expansion program. The loan is payable over seven years with an annual amortization rate of 1% of the principal amount on the first year up to the sixth year commencing on the first year anniversary of the initial drawdown and the balance payable upon maturity on April 2, 2021. The amount of Php500 million loan was fully drawn on April 4, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

391

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On May 23, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,000 million term loan facility agreement with Philam Life to finance capital expenditures and/or refinance existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable in full upon maturity on May 28, 2024. The amount of Php1,000 million loan was fully drawn on May 28, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

Php1,000 Million Term Loan Facility

Php1,500 Million Term Loan Facility

On July 28, 2014, PLDT signed a Php1,500 million term loan facility with Union Bank to finance its capital expenditures and/or refinance its existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for its service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the ninth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on July 31, 2024. The amount of Php1,500 million was fully drawn on July 31, 2014 and remained outstanding as at December 31, 2014.

392

Php2,000 Million Term Loan Facility

On February 25, 2015, PLDT signed a Php2,000 million term loan facility with BPI to finance its capital expenditures and/or refinance its existing loan obligations, the proceeds of which were utilized for its service improvements and expansion programs. The loan is payable over ten years with an annual amortization rate of 1% on the first year up to the ninth year from the initial drawdown date and the balance payable upon maturity on March 24, 2025. The amount of Php2,000 million was fully drawn on March 24, 2015.

Compliance with Debt Covenants

Our debt instruments contain restrictive covenants, including covenants that require us to comply with specified financial ratios and other financial tests, calculated in conformity with PFRS at relevant measurement dates, principally at the end of each quarterly period. We have complied with all of our maintenance financial ratios as required under our loan covenants and other debt instruments.

The principal factors that could negatively affect our ability to comply with these financial ratio covenants and other financial tests are depreciation of the Philippine peso relative to the U.S. dollar, poor operating performance of PLDT and its subsidiaries, impairment or similar charges in respect of investments or other long-lived assets that may be recognized by PLDT and its subsidiaries, and increases in our interest expense. Interest expense may increase as a result of various factors including issuance of new debt, the refinancing of lower cost indebtedness by higher cost indebtedness, depreciation of the Philippine peso, the lowering of PLDT’s credit ratings or the credit ratings of the Philippines, increase in reference interest rates, and general market conditions. Since approximately 47% and 57% of PLDT’s total consolidated debts as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, were denominated in foreign currencies, principally in U.S. dollars, many of these financial ratios and other tests are negatively affected by any weakening of the Philippine peso. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Foreign Currency Exchange Risk.

PLDT’s debt instruments contain a number of other negative covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and qualifications, restrict PLDT’s ability to take certain actions without lenders’ approval, including: (a) making or permitting any material change in the character of its business; (b) selling, leasing, transferring or disposing of all or substantially all of its assets or any significant portion thereof other than in the ordinary course of business; (c) creating any lien or security interest; (d) permitting set-off against amounts owed to PLDT; and (e) merging or consolidating with any other company.

Furthermore, certain of DMPI’s debt instruments contain provisions wherein DMPI may be declared in default in case of a change in control in DMPI.

393

PLDT’s debt instruments and guarantees for DMPI loans also contain customary and other default provisions that permit the lender to accelerate amounts due or terminate their commitments to extend additional funds under the debt instruments. These default provisions include: (a) cross-defaults that will be triggered only if the principal amount of the defaulted indebtedness exceeds a threshold amount specified in these debt instruments; (b) failure by PLDT to meet certain financial ratio covenants referred to above; (c) the occurrence of any material adverse change in circumstances that a lender reasonably believes materially impairs PLDT’s ability to perform its obligations under its debt instrument with the lender; (d) the revocation, termination or amendment of any of the permits or franchises of PLDT in any manner unacceptable to the lender; (e) the nationalization or sustained discontinuance of all or a substantial portion of PLDT’s business; and (f) other typical events of default, including the commencement of bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or winding up proceedings by PLDT.

Smart’s debt instruments contain certain restrictive covenants that require Smart to comply with specified financial ratios and other financial tests at semi-annual measurement dates. Smart’s loan agreements include compliance with financial tests such as consolidated debt to consolidated equity, consolidated debt to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and debt service coverage ratios. Previously, Smart was required to comply with certain consolidated debt to consolidated equity ratio under Variable Loan Agreement 2014 debt with Marubeni Corporation as original lender and under the 2014 (A) Debt under Metrobank as Facility Agent. On August 16, 2012 and September 3, 2012, the approvals to amend the covenant from “the ratio of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Equity” to “the ratio of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA” were obtained. The agreements also contain customary and other default provisions that permit the lender to accelerate amounts due under the loans or terminate their commitments to extend additional funds under the loans. These default provisions include: (a) cross-defaults and cross-accelerations that permit a lender to declare a default if Smart is in default under another loan agreement. These cross-default provisions are triggered upon a payment or other default permitting the acceleration of Smart debt, whether or not the defaulted debt is accelerated; (b) failure by Smart to comply with certain financial ratio covenants; and (c) the occurrence of any material adverse change in circumstances that the lender reasonably believes materially impairs Smart’s ability to perform its obligations or impair the guarantors’ ability to perform their obligations under its loan agreements.

DMPI’s liabilities are guaranteed up to a certain extent by Digitel and PLDT. In addition, the loan agreements contain covenants which, among others, restrict the incurrence of loans or debts not in the ordinary course of business, merger or disposition of any substantial portion of Digitel and DMPI’s assets, distribution of capital or profits, redemption of any of its issued shares, and reduction of Digitel and DMPI’s registered and paid-up capital.

The loan agreements with suppliers, banks (foreign and local alike) and other financial institutions provide for certain restrictions and requirements with respect to, among others, maintenance of percentage of ownership of specific shareholders, incurrence of additional long-term indebtedness or guarantees and creation of property encumbrances.

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants. See Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Derivative Financial Instruments.

394

Obligations Under Finance Leases

The consolidated future minimum payments for finance leases as at December 31, 2014 are as follows:


Year	(in million pesos)
2015		5
2016		1
2017		—

Total minimum finance lease payments (Note 28)		6
Less amount representing unamortized interest		—

Present value of net minimum finance lease payments (Notes 2, 3 and 28)		6
Less obligations under finance leases maturing within one year (Notes 9 and 28)		5

Long-term portion of obligations under finance leases (Notes 9 and 28)		1

Long-term Finance Lease Obligations

The PLDT Group has various long-term lease contracts for a period of three years covering various office equipment and vehicles. In particular, PLDT, IPCDSI and PLDT Global have finance lease obligations in the aggregate amounts of Php6 million and Php12 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 9 – Property, Plant and Equipment.

Under the terms of certain loan agreements and other debt instruments, PLDT may not create, incur, assume, permit or suffer to exist any mortgage, pledge, lien or other encumbrance or security interest over the whole or any part of its assets or revenues or suffer to exist any obligation as lessee for the rental or hire of real or personal property in connection with any sale and leaseback transaction.

22.

Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Accrual of capital expenditures under long-term financing		19,431		19,515
Provision for asset retirement obligations (Notes 3 and 9)		2,068		2,144
Unearned revenues		202		173
Others		223		213

		21,924		22,045

Accrual of capital expenditures under long-term financing represent expenditures related to the expansion and upgrade of our network facilities which are not due to be settled within one year. Such accruals are settled through refinancing from long-term loans obtained from the banks.

395

The following table summarizes all changes to asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Provision for asset retirement obligations at beginning of the year		2,144			2,543
Additional liability recognized during the year		68			32
Accretion expenses		37			44
Settlement of obligations and others		(181	)		(475	)

Provision for asset retirement obligations at end of the year (Note 3)		2,068			2,144

23.

Accounts Payable

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Suppliers and contractors (Note 28)		35,857		29,799
Carriers and other customers (Note 28)		2,799		2,264
Taxes (Note 27)		1,503		1,734
Related parties (Notes 25 and 28)		593		863
Others		171		222

		40,923		34,882

Accounts payable are non-interest-bearing and are normally settled within 180 days.

For terms and conditions pertaining to related parties, see Note 25 – Related Party Transactions.

For explanation on the PLDT Group’s liquidity risk management processes, see Note 28 – Financial Assets and Liabilities – Liquidity Risk.

24.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Accrued utilities and related expenses (Notes 25 and 28)		42,531		37,937
Accrued taxes and related expenses (Note 27)		8,618		8,878
Accrued employee benefits (Notes 2, 3, 25, 26 and 28)		8,251		5,364
Liability from redemption of preferred shares (Notes 20 and 28)		7,922		7,952
Unearned revenues (Note 22)		7,628		7,333
Accrued interests and other related costs (Notes 21 and 28)		1,076		878
Others		6,652		5,914

		82,678		74,256

396

Accrued utilities and related expenses pertain to costs incurred for electricity and water consumption, repairs and maintenance, selling and promotions, professional and other contracted services, rent, insurance and security services.

Accrued taxes and related expenses pertain to licenses, permits and other related business taxes, which are normally settled within a year.

Unearned revenues represent advance payments for leased lines, installation fees, monthly service fees and unused and/or unexpired portion of prepaid loads.

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities are non-interest-bearing and are normally settled within a year. This pertains to costs incurred for operations-related expenses pending receipt of invoice and statement of accounts from suppliers.

25.

Related Party Transactions

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly and indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities. Transactions with related parties are on an arm’s length basis similar to transactions with third parties.

Settlement of outstanding balances of related party transactions at year-end occurs in cash. The PLDT Group has not recorded any impairment of receivables relating to amounts owed by related parties as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. This assessment is undertaken each financial year through examining the financial position of the related party and the market in which the related party operates.

397

The following table provides the summary of outstanding balances as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 transactions that have been entered into with related parties:

Classifications

Terms

Conditions

2014

2013

(in million pesos)

Indirect investment in joint ventures through PCEV:

Meralco

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 24)

Electricity charges –
immediately upon
receipt of invoice

Unsecured

367

317

Pole rental – 45 days
upon receipt of invoice

Unsecured

Indirect investment in associate through ACeS Philippines:

AIL

Accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Notes 23 and 24)

30 days upon receipt of
invoice

Unsecured

Transactions with major stockholders, directors and officers:

Asia Link B.V., or ALBV

Accounts payable (Note 23)

15 days from end of
quarter

Unsecured

297

336

NTT World Engineering Marine Corporation

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 24)

1^st month of each
quarter; non-interest-
bearing

Unsecured

NTT Communications

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 24)

30 days upon receipt of
invoice; non-interest-
bearing

Unsecured

NTT Worldwide Telecommunications Corporation

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 24)

30 days upon receipt of
invoice; non-interest-
bearing

Unsecured

JGSHI and Subsidiaries

Accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Notes 23 and 24)

Immediately upon
receipt of invoice

Unsecured

NTT DOCOMO

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 24)

30 days upon receipt of
invoice; non-interest-
bearing

Unsecured

Malayan Insurance Co., Inc., or Malayan

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 24)

Immediately upon
receipt of invoice

Unsecured

Others:

Various

Trade and other receivables (Note 17)

30 days upon receipt of
invoice

Unsecured;
no impairment

2,490

1,243

398

The following table provides the summary of transactions that have been entered into with related parties for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 in relation with the table above.


	Classifications	2014		2013		2012
		(in million pesos)
Indirect investment in joint ventures through PCEV:
Meralco	Repairs and maintenance		2,929		3,049		3,096
	Rent		298		250		250
Meralco Industrial Engineering Services Corporation, or MIESCOR	Construction-in-progress		83		48		35
	Repairs and maintenance		81		68		51
Republic Surety and Insurance Co., Inc., or RSIC	Insurance and security services		3		3		3
Indirect investment in associate through ACeS Philippines:
AIL	Cost of sales (Note 5)		25		50		80
Transactions with major stockholders, directors and officers:
JGSHI and Subsidiaries	Rent		93		95		82
	Repairs and maintenance		46		14		67
	Communication, training and travel		5		13		14
	Professional and other contracted services		—		1		1
	Selling and promotions		—		3		6
ALBV	Professional and other contracted services		222		289		332
Malayan	Insurance and security services		206		231		234
NTT DOCOMO	Professional and other contracted services		67		73		56
NTT World Engineering Marine Corporation	Repairs and maintenance		26		14		32
NTT Worldwide Telecommunications Corporation	Selling and promotions		15		15		13
NTT Communications	Professional and other contracted services		75		73		69
	Rent		12		10		10
Others:
Various	Revenues		761		717		418

Agreements between PLDT and certain subsidiaries with Meralco

In the ordinary course of business, Meralco provides electricity to PLDT and certain subsidiaries’ offices within its franchise area. Total electricity costs, which were presented as part of repairs and maintenance in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php2,929 million, Php3,049 million and Php3,096 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under these agreements, the outstanding obligations, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php367 million and Php317 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

399

In 2009, PLDT and Smart renewed their respective Pole Attachment Contracts with Meralco, wherein Meralco leases its pole spaces to accommodate PLDT’s and Smart’s cable network facilities. Total fees under these contracts, which were presented as part of rent in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php298 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and Php250 million each for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. Under these agreements, the outstanding obligations, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php45 million and Php10 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

See also Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in Beacon – Beacon’s Acquisition of Additional Meralco Shares for additional transactions involving Meralco.

Agreements between PLDT and MIESCOR

PLDT has an existing Outside and Inside Plant Contracted Services Agreement with MIESCOR, a subsidiary of Meralco, covering the periods from November 25, 2011 until December 31, 2014, however, both parties mutually agreed to an extension until March 31, 2015. Under the agreement, MIESCOR assumes full and overall responsibility for the implementation and completion of any assigned project such as cable works, civil and electrical engineering works and subscriber line installation and maintenance that are required for the provisioning and restoration of lines and recovery of existing plant.

Total fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of repairs and maintenance in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php24 million, Php33 million and Php19 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total amounts capitalized to property, plant and equipment amounted to Php7 million, Php2 million and Php6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. There were no outstanding obligations as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

PLDT also has an existing agreement with MIESCOR for the provision of work for outside plant rehabilitation and related activities. Under the agreement, MIESCOR is responsible for the preventive and corrective maintenance of cables and cabinets in the areas awarded to them. The original contract covers the period from January 1, 2011 up to December 31, 2012, however, both parties mutually agreed to an extension until March 31, 2015.

Total fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of repairs and maintenance in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php57 million, Php35 million and Php32 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total amounts capitalized to property, plant and equipment amounted to Php76 million, Php46 million and Php29 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. There were no outstanding obligations under this agreement as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

400

Transactions with RSIC

Since 2012, PLDT has insurance policies with RSIC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Meralco, covering material damages for buildings, building improvements and equipment. Total fees under the related contracts, which were presented as part of insurance and security services in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php3 million each for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. There were no outstanding obligations for these contracts as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Air Time Purchase Agreement between PLDT, AIL and Related Agreements

Under the Founder NSP Air Time Purchase Agreement, or ATPA, entered into with AIL in March 1997, which was amended in December 1998, or Original ATPA, PLDT was granted the exclusive right to sell AIL services, through ACeS Philippines, as national service provider, or NSP, in the Philippines. In exchange, the Original ATPA required PLDT to purchase from AIL a minimum of US$5 million worth of air time, or Minimum Air Time Purchase Obligation, annually for ten years commencing on January 1, 2002, or the Minimum Purchase Period, the expected date of commercial operations of the Garuda I Satellite. In the event that AIL’s aggregate billed revenue was less than US$45 million in any given year, the Original ATPA also required PLDT to make supplemental air time purchase payments of up to US$15 million per year during the Minimum Purchase Period, or the Supplemental Air Time Purchase Obligation.

On February 1, 2007, the parties to the Original ATPA entered into an amendment to the Original ATPA on substantially the terms attached to the term sheet negotiated with the relevant banks, or Amended ATPA. Under the Amended ATPA, the Minimum Air Time Purchase Obligation was amended and replaced in its entirety with the obligation of PLDT to purchase from AIL a minimum of US$500 thousand worth of air time annually over a period ending upon the earlier of: (i) the expiration of the Minimum Purchase Period; and (ii) the date on which all indebtedness incurred by AIL to finance the AIL System is repaid. Furthermore, the Amended ATPA unconditionally released PLDT from any obligations arising out of or in connection with the Original ATPA prior to the date of the Amended ATPA, except for obligations to pay for billable units used prior to such date.

Total fees under the Amended ATPA, which were presented as part of cost of sales in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php25 million, Php50 million and Php80 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under the Amended ATPA, the outstanding obligations of PLDT, which were presented as part of accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php50 million and Php44 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Cost of Sales.

401

Transactions with Major Stockholders, Directors and Officers

Material transactions to which PLDT or any of its subsidiaries is a party, in which a director, key officer or owner of more than 10% of the outstanding common stock of PLDT, or any member of the immediate family of a director, key officer or owner of more than 10% of the outstanding common stock of PLDT, had a direct or indirect material interest as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

Agreement between Smart and ALBV

Smart has an existing Technical Assistance Agreement with ALBV, a subsidiary of the First Pacific Group and its Philippine affiliates. ALBV provides technical support services and assistance in the operations and maintenance of Smart’s cellular business. The agreement, which expired on February 23, 2012 was renewed until February 23, 2016 and is subject to further renewal upon mutual agreement of the parties, provides for payment of technical service fees equivalent to a rate of 0.5% of the consolidated net revenues of Smart. Effective February 1, 2014, the parties agreed to reduce the technical service fee rate from 0.5% to 0.4% of the consolidated net revenues of Smart. Total service fees charged to operations under this agreement, which were presented as part of professional and other contracted services in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php222 million, Php289 million and Php332 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations, which were presented as part of accounts payable in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php297 million and Php336 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

402

Various Agreements with NTT Communications and/or its Affiliates

PLDT is a party to the following agreements with NTT Communications and/or its affiliates:

•

Service Agreement. On February 1, 2008, PLDT entered into an agreement with NTT World Engineering Marine Corporation wherein the latter provides offshore submarine cable repair and other allied services for the maintenance of PLDT’s domestic fiber optic network submerged plant. The fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of repairs and maintenance in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php26 million, Php14 million and Php32 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations of PLDT, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php29 million and Php32 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively;

•

Advisory Services Agreement. On March 24, 2000, PLDT entered into an agreement with NTT Communications, as amended on March 31, 2003, March 31, 2005 and June 16, 2006, under which NTT Communications provides PLDT with technical, marketing and other consulting services for various business areas of PLDT starting April 1, 2000. The fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of professional and other contracted services in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php75 million, Php73 million and Php69 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations of PLDT, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php12 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013;

•

Conventional International Telecommunications Services Agreement. On March 24, 2000, PLDT entered into an agreement with NTT Communications under which PLDT and NTT Communications agreed to cooperative arrangements for conventional international telecommunications services to enhance their respective international businesses. The fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of rent in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php12 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and Php10 million each for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations of PLDT, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php7 million and Php1 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively; and

•

Arcstar Licensing Agreement and Arcstar Service Provider Agreement. On March 24, 2000, PLDT entered into an agreement with NTT Worldwide Telecommunications Corporation under which PLDT markets, and manages data and other services under NTT Communications’ “Arcstar” brand to its corporate customers in the Philippines. PLDT also entered into a Trade Name and Trademark Agreement with NTT Communications under which PLDT has been given the right to use the trade name “Arcstar” and its related trademark, logo and symbols, solely for the purpose of PLDT’s marketing, promotional and sales activities for the Arcstar services within the Philippines. The fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of selling and promotions in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php15 million each for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, and Php13 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations of PLDT, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php10 million and Php1 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

403

Transactions with JGSHI and Subsidiaries

PLDT and certain of its subsidiaries have existing agreements with Universal Robina Corporation and Robinsons Land Corporation for office and business office rental. Total fees under these contracts, which were presented as part of rent in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php93 million, Php95 million and Php82 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under these agreements, the outstanding obligations, which were presented as part of accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php2 million and Php8 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

There were also other transactions such as airfare, electricity, marketing expenses and bank fees, which were presented as part of communication, training and travel, selling and promotions, repairs and maintenance and professional and other contracted services, in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php51 million, Php31 million and Php88 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under these agreements, the outstanding obligations for these transactions, which were presented as part of accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php1 million and Php2 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Advisory Services Agreement between NTT DOCOMO and PLDT

An Advisory Services Agreement was entered into by NTT DOCOMO and PLDT on June 5, 2006, in accordance with the Cooperation Agreement dated January 31, 2006. Pursuant to the Advisory Services Agreement, NTT DOCOMO will provide the services of certain key personnel in connection with certain aspects of the business of PLDT and Smart. Also, this agreement governs the terms and conditions of the appointments of such key personnel and the corresponding fees related thereto. Total fees under this agreement, which were presented as part of professional and other contracted services in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php67 million, Php73 million and Php56 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations of PLDT, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php9 million and Php23 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

404

Transactions with Malayan

PLDT and certain of its subsidiaries have insurance policies with Malayan covering directors, officers, employees liability and material damages for buildings, building improvements, equipment and motor vehicles. The premiums are directly paid to Malayan. Total fees under these contracts, which were presented as part of insurance and security services in our consolidated income statements, amounted to Php206 million, Php231 million and Php234 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Under this agreement, the outstanding obligations, which were presented as part of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our consolidated statements of financial position, amounted to Php5 million and Php9 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. One director of PLDT has direct/indirect interests in or serves as a director/officer of Malayan as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Cooperation Agreement with First Pacific and certain affiliates, or the FP Parties, NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO

In connection with the transfer by NTT Communications of approximately 12.6 million shares of PLDT’s common stock to NTT DOCOMO pursuant to a Stock Sale and Purchase Agreement dated January 31, 2006 between NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO, the FP Parties, NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO entered into a Cooperation Agreement, dated January 31, 2006. Under the Cooperation Agreement, the relevant parties extended certain rights of NTT Communications under the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement dated September 28, 1999, as amended, and the Shareholders Agreement dated March 24, 2000, to NTT DOCOMO, including:

•

certain contractual veto rights over a number of major decisions or transactions; and

•

rights relating to the representation on the Board of Directors of PLDT and Smart, respectively, and any committees thereof.

Moreover, key provisions of the Cooperation Agreement pertain to, among other things:

•

Restriction on Ownership of Shares of PLDT by NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO. Each of NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO has agreed not to beneficially own, directly or indirectly, in the aggregate with their respective subsidiaries and affiliates, more than 21% of the issued and outstanding shares of PLDT’s common stock. If such event does occur, the FP Parties, as long as they own in the aggregate not less than 21% of the issued and outstanding shares of PLDT’s common stock, have the right to terminate their respective rights and obligations under the Cooperation Agreement, the Shareholders Agreement and the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement.

405

•

Limitation on Competition. NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO and their respective subsidiaries are prohibited from investing in excess of certain thresholds in businesses competing with PLDT in respect of customers principally located in the Philippines and from using their assets in the Philippines in such businesses. Moreover, if PLDT, Smart or any of Smart’s subsidiaries intend to enter into any contractual arrangement relating to certain competing businesses, PLDT is required to provide, or to use reasonable efforts to procure that Smart or any of Smart’s subsidiaries provide, NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO with the same opportunity to enter into such agreement with PLDT or Smart or any of Smart’s subsidiaries, as the case may be.

•

Business Cooperation. PLDT and NTT DOCOMO agreed in principle to collaborate with each other on the business development, roll-out and use of a W-CDMA mobile communication network. In addition, PLDT agreed, to the extent of the power conferred by its direct or indirect shareholding in Smart, to procure that Smart will: (i) become a member of a strategic alliance group for international roaming and corporate sales and services; and (ii) enter into a business relationship concerning preferred roaming and inter-operator tariff discounts with NTT DOCOMO.

•

Additional Rights of NTT DOCOMO. Pursuant to amendments effected by the Cooperation Agreement to the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement and the Shareholders Agreement, upon NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO and their respective subsidiaries owning in the aggregate 20% or more of PLDT’s shares of common stock and for as long as they continue to own in the aggregate at least 17.5% of PLDT’s shares of common stock then outstanding, NTT DOCOMO has additional rights under the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement and Shareholders Agreement, including that:

NTT DOCOMO is entitled to nominate one additional NTT DOCOMO nominee to the Board of Directors of each PLDT and Smart;

406

PLDT must first consult with NTT DOCOMO no later than 30 days prior to the first submission to the board of PLDT or certain of its committees for the approval of any transfer by any member of the PLDT Group of Smart common capital stock to any person who is not a member of the PLDT Group.

NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO together beneficially owned approximately 20% of PLDT’s outstanding common stock as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

•

Change in Control. Each of NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO and the FP Parties agreed that to the extent permissible under applicable laws and regulations of the Philippines and other jurisdictions, subject to certain conditions, to cast its vote as a shareholder in support of any resolution proposed by the Board of Directors of PLDT for the purpose of safeguarding PLDT from any Hostile Transferee. A “Hostile Transferee” is defined under the Cooperation Agreement to mean any person (other than NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO, First Pacific or any of their respective affiliates) determined to be so by the PLDT Board of Directors and includes, without limitation, a person who announces an intention to acquire, seeking to acquire or acquires 30% or more of PLDT common shares then issued and outstanding from time to time or having (by itself or together with itself) acquired 30% or more of the PLDT common shares who announces an intention to acquire, seeking to acquire or acquires a further 2% of such PLDT common shares: (a) at a price per share which is less than the fair market value as determined by the Board of Directors of PLDT, as advised by a professional financial advisor; (b) which is subject to conditions which are subjective or which could not be reasonably satisfied; (c) without making an offer for all PLDT common shares not held by it and/or its affiliates and/or persons who, pursuant to an agreement or understanding (whether formal or informal), actively cooperate to obtain or consolidate control over PLDT; (d) whose offer for the PLDT common shares is unlikely to succeed; or (e) whose intention is otherwise not bona fide; provided that, no person will be deemed a Hostile Transferee unless prior to making such determination, the Board of Directors of PLDT has used reasonable efforts to discuss with NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO in good faith whether such person should be considered a Hostile Transferee.

407

•

Termination. If NTT Communications, NTT DOCOMO or their respective subsidiaries cease to own, in the aggregate, full legal and beneficial title to at least 10% of the shares of PLDT’s common stock then issued and outstanding, their respective rights and obligations under the Cooperation Agreement and the Shareholders Agreement will terminate and the Strategic Arrangements (as defined in the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement) will terminate. If the FP Parties and their respective subsidiaries cease to have, directly or indirectly, effective voting power in respect of shares of PLDT’s common stock representing at least 18.5% of the shares of PLDT’s common stock then issued and outstanding, their respective rights and obligations under the Cooperation Agreement, the Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement, and the Shareholders Agreement will terminate.

f. Others

Telecommunications services provided by PLDT and certain of its subsidiaries to various related parties

PLDT and certain of its subsidiaries provide telephone, data communication and other services to various related parties at arm’s length similar to transactions with other customers. The revenues under these services amounted to Php761 million, Php717 million and Php418 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The outstanding receivables of PLDT and certain of its subsidiaries, which were presented as part of trade and other receivables in our consolidated statements of financial position, from these services amounted to Php2,490 million and Php1,243 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in MediaQuest and Note 19 – Prepayments – Agreement between PLDT and Smart with TV5 for other related party transactions.

Compensation of Key Officers of the PLDT Group

The compensation of key officers of the PLDT Group by benefit type for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014		2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Short-term employee benefits		768		791		995
Post-employment benefits (Note 26)		39		31		20
Other long-term employee benefits (Note 26)		458		305		272

Total compensation paid to key officers of the PLDT Group		1,265		1,127		1,287

408

In 2013, each of the directors, including the members of the advisory board of PLDT, was entitled to a director’s fee in the amount of Php200 thousand for each board meeting attended. Each of the members or advisors of the audit, executive compensation, governance and nomination, and technology strategy committees was entitled to a fee in the amount of Php75 thousand for each committee meeting attended.

Effective January 2014, the director’s fee was increased to Php250 thousand for board meeting attendance and to Php125 thousand for board committee meeting attendance. The director’s fee was last adjusted in January 2009.

Total fees paid for board meetings and board committee meetings amounted to Php45 million, Php32 million and Php35 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Except for the fees mentioned above, the directors are not compensated, directly or indirectly, for their services as such.

The amounts disclosed in the table are the amounts recognized as expenses during the year related to key management personnel.

26.

Employee Benefits

Pension

Defined Benefit Pension Plans

PLDT has defined benefit pension plans, operating under the legal name “The Board of Trustees for the account of the Beneficial Trust Fund created pursuant to the Benefit Plan of PLDT Company” and covering substantially all of our permanent and regular employees. Certain subsidiaries of PLDT have not yet drawn up a specific retirement plan for its permanent or regular employees. For the purpose of complying with Revised IAS 19, pension benefit expense has been actuarially computed based on defined benefit plan.

409

Our actuarial valuation is performed every year-end. Based on the latest actuarial valuation, the actual present value of accrued (prepaid) benefit costs, net periodic benefit costs and average assumptions used in developing the valuation as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Changes in the present value of defined benefit obligations:
Present value of defined benefit obligations at beginning of the year		19,497			17,456			15,662
Actuarial losses – economic assumptions		1,479			1,180			1,622
Service costs		986			970			869
Interest costs on benefit obligation		970			958			980
Actuarial losses – experience		332			552			478
Actual benefits paid/settlements		(92	)		(1,348	)		(1,985	)
Curtailments and others (Note 2)		(100	)		(271	)		(170	)

Present value of defined benefit obligations at end of the year		23,072			19,497			17,456


Changes in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year		9,187			18,435			23,706
Actual contributions		5,510			2,073			2,012
Interest income on plan assets		489			1,023			1,482
Actual benefits paid/settlements		(92	)		(1,348	)		(1,957	)
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest)		(5,144	)		(10,996	)		(6,785	)
Discontinued operations and others		—			—			(23	)

Fair value of plan assets at end of the year		9,950			9,187			18,435

Funded (Unfunded) status – net		(13,122	)		(10,310	)		979
Accrued benefit costs (Note 3)		13,125			10,310			492

Prepaid benefit costs (Notes 3 and 19)		3			—			1,471


Components of net periodic benefit costs:
Service costs		986			970			869
Interest costs (income) – net		481			(65	)		(502	)
Curtailment/settlement loss (gain)		(6	)		(275	)		160

Net periodic benefit costs (Notes 3 and 5)		1,461			630			527
Discontinued operations and others		—			—			170

Net periodic benefit costs from continuing operations		1,461			630			357

Actual net losses on plan assets amounted to Php4,655 million, Php9,973 million and Php5,303 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Based on the latest actuarial valuation, our expected contribution to the defined benefit plan in 2015 will amount to Php1,519 million.

410

The following table sets forth the expected future settlements by the Plan of maturing defined benefit obligation as at December 31, 2014:


	(in million pesos)
2015		186
2016		299
2017		329
2018		384
2019		535
2020 to 2059		94,667

The average duration of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period is 16 to 29 years.

The weighted average assumptions used to determine pension benefits for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014			2013			2012
Rate of increase in compensation		6.0	%		6.0	%		6.0	%
Discount rate		4.5	%		5.0	%		5.5	%

We have adopted mortality rates in accordance with the 1994 Group Annuity Mortality Table developed by the U.S. Society of Actuaries, which provides separate rates for males and females.

The sensitivity analysis below has been determined based on reasonably possible changes of each significant assumption on the defined benefit obligation as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, assuming if all other assumptions were held constant:


	2014					2013
	Increase (Decrease)
	(in million pesos)
Discount rate		1	%	(2,783	)		1	%	(2,427	)
		(1	%)	3,297			(1	%)	2,879
Future salary increases		1	%	3,213			1	%	2,877
		(1	%)	(2,770	)		(1	%)	(2,425	)

PLDT’s Retirement Plan

The Board of Trustees performed an asset-liability matching study of our retirement plan. The Board of Trustees, which manages the beneficial trust fund, is composed of: (i) a member of the Board of Directors of PLDT, who is not a beneficiary of the Plan; (ii) a member of the Board of Directors or a senior officer of PLDT, who is a beneficiary of the Plan; (iii) a senior member of the executive staff of PLDT; and (iv) two persons who are not executives or employees of PLDT.

411

Benefits are payable in the event of termination of employment due to: (i) compulsory, optional, or deferred retirement; (ii) death while in active service; (iii) physical disability; (iv) voluntary resignation; or (v) involuntary separation from service. For a plan member with less than 15 years of credited services, retirement benefit is equal to 100% of final compensation for every year of service. For those with at least 15 years of service, retirement benefit is equal to 125% of final compensation for every year of service, with such percentage to be increased by an additional 5% for each completed year of service in excess of 15 years, but not to exceed a maximum of 200%. In case of voluntary resignation after attainment of age 40 and completion of at least 15 years of credited service, benefit is equal to a percentage of his vested retirement benefit, in accordance with percentages prescribed in the retirement plan.

The Board of Trustees of the beneficial trust fund uses an investment approach with the objective of maximizing the long-term expected return of plan assets. The majority of investment portfolio consists of listed and unlisted equity securities while the remaining portion consists of passive investments like temporary cash investments and fixed income investments.

The plan assets are primarily exposed to financial risks such as liquidity risk and price risk.

Liquidity risk pertains to the plan’s ability to meet its obligation to the employees upon retirement. To effectively manage liquidity risk, the Board of Trustees invests at least the equivalent amount of actuarially computed expected compulsory retirement benefit payments for the year to liquid/semi-liquid assets such as treasury notes, treasury bills, savings and time deposits with commercial banks.

Price risk pertains mainly to fluctuations in market prices of equity securities listed in the PSE. In order to effectively manage price risk, the Board of Trustees continuously assesses these risks by closely monitoring the market value of the securities and implementing prudent investment strategies.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, PLDT contributed a total of Php5,510 million to the beneficial trust fund.

412

The following table sets forth the fair values, which are equal to the carrying values, of PLDT’s plan assets recognized as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Investments in:
Unlisted equity investments		6,549		5,877
Shares of stock		2,844		2,435
Mutual funds		63		64
Government securities		42		43
Investment properties		10		11

Total noncurrent financial assets		9,508		8,430

Current Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		357		340
Receivables		3		336

Total current financial assets		360		676

Total PLDT’s Plan Assets		9,868		9,106
Subsidiaries Plan Assets		82		81

Total Plan Assets of Defined Benefit Pension Plans		9,950		9,187

Investment in shares of stocks is valued using the latest bid price at the reporting date. Investments in mutual funds and government securities are valued using the market values at reporting date. Investment properties are valued using the latest available appraised values.

Unlisted Equity Investments

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014			2013			2014		2013
	% of Ownership						(in million pesos)
MediaQuest		100	%		100	%		6,008		5,373
Tahanan Mutual Building and Loan Association, Inc., or TMBLA, (net of subscriptions payable of Php32 million)		100	%		100	%		329		302
BTF Holdings, Inc., or BTFHI		100	%		100	%		172		162
Superior Multi Parañaque Homes, Inc.		100	%		100	%		39		39
Bancholders, Inc., or Bancholders		100	%		100	%		1		1

								6,549		5,877

413

Investment in MediaQuest

MediaQuest was registered with the Philippine SEC on June 29, 1999 primarily to purchase, subscribe for or otherwise acquire and own, hold, use, manage, sell, assign, transfer, mortgage, pledge, exchange, or otherwise dispose of real and personal property or every kind and description, and to pay thereof in whole or in part, in cash or by exchanging, stocks, bonds and other evidences of indebtedness or securities of this any other corporation. Its investments include common shares of stocks of various communication, broadcasting and media entities.

The Board of Trustees of the Beneficial Trust Fund approved additional investments in MediaQuest amounting to Php750 million each on November 5, 2012 and January 25, 2013 to fund the latter’s operational and capital expenditure requirements. Subsequently, on March 1, 2013, the Board of Directors of MediaQuest approved its application of the additional investment to additional paid in capital on the existing subscribed shares of stock.

On May 8, 2012, the Board of Trustees of the Beneficial Trust Fund approved the issuance by MediaQuest of PDRs amounting to Php6 billion. The underlying shares of these PDRs are the shares of stocks of Cignal TV held by MediaQuest through Satventures (Cignal TV PDRs). On the same date, MediaQuest Board of Directors approved the investment in Cignal TV PDRs by ePLDT, which will give ePLDT a 40% economic interest in Cignal TV. In June 2012, MediaQuest received a deposit for future PDRs subscription of Php4 billion from ePLDT. Additional deposits of Php1 billion each were received on July 6, 2012 and August 9, 2012. The Cignal TV PDRs were subsequently issued on September 27, 2013.

On January 25, 2013, the Board of Trustees of the Beneficial Trust Fund and the MediaQuest Board of Directors approved the issuance of additional MediaQuest PDRs amounting to Php3.6 billion. The underlying shares of these additional PDRs are the shares of stocks of Satventures held by MediaQuest (Satventures PDRs), the holder of which will have a 40% economic interest in Satventures. Satventures is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest and the investment vehicle for Cignal TV. From March to August 2013, MediaQuest received from ePLDT an amount aggregating to Php3.6 billion representing deposits for future PDRs subscription. The Satventures PDRs were subsequently issued on September 27, 2013.

Also, on January 25, 2013, the Board of Trustees of the Beneficial Trust Fund and the MediaQuest Board of Directors approved the issuance of additional MediaQuest PDRs amounting to Php1.95 billion. The underlying shares of these additional PDRs are the shares of stocks of Hastings held by MediaQuest (Hastings PDRs), the holder of which will have a 100% economic interest in Hastings. Hastings is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MediaQuest, which holds all the print-related investments of MediaQuest, including equity interests in the three leading newspapers: The Philippine Star, the Philippine Daily Inquirer, and Business World. In 2014 and 2013, MediaQuest received from ePLDT an amount aggregating to Php300 million and Php1,950 million, respectively, representing deposits for future PDRs subscription. Total deposits for future PDRs subscription amounted to Php2,250 million and Php1,950 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in MediaQuest.

414

In November 2013, the Board of Trustees of the Beneficial Trust Fund and the Board of Directors of MediaQuest approved the additional investment of Hastings in Philippine Star Group and approved the issuance of PDRs by MediaQuest for its interest in Hastings. See Note 10 – Investments in Associates, Joint Ventures and Deposits – Investment in MediaQuest.

As at March 26, 2015, the Hastings PDRs have not yet been issued.

The Board of Trustees of the Beneficial Trust Fund approved additional investments in MediaQuest amounting to Php6,300 million to fund the latter’s investment requirements. Of the Php6,300 million, a total of Php5,500 million has already been drawn by MediaQuest as at December 31, 2014.

The fair values of the investments in MediaQuest were measured using an income approach valuation technique using cash flows projections based on financial budgets and forecasts approved by MediaQuest’s Board of Directors, covering a five-year period from 2015 to 2019.

The pre-tax discount rates applied to cash flow projections range from 10.50% to 11.15%. Cash flows beyond the five-year period are determined using 0% to 7% growth rates.

Investment in TMBLA

TMBLA was incorporated for the primary purpose of accumulating the savings of its stockholders and lending funds to them for housing programs. The beneficial trust fund has a direct subscription in shares of stocks of TMBLA in the amount of Php112 million. The related unpaid subscription of Php32 million is included in unlisted equity investments. The cumulative change in the fair market value of this investment amounted to Php249 million and Php222 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Investment in BTFHI

BTFHI was incorporated for the primary purpose of acquiring voting preferred shares in PLDT and while the owner, holder of possessor thereof, to exercise all the rights, powers, and privileges of ownership or any other interest therein.

On October 26, 2012, BTFHI subscribed to a total of 150 million shares of Voting Preferred Stock of PLDT at a subscription price of Php1.00 per share for a total subscription price of Php150 million. Total cash dividend income amounted to Php10 million, Php12 million and Php2 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Dividend receivables amounted to Php2 million each as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

415

Shares of Stocks

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, this account consists of:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Common shares
PSE		1,945		1,668
PLDT		77		71
Others		462		336
Preferred shares		360		360

		2,844		2,435

Dividends earned on PLDT common shares amounted to Php5 million each for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Preferred shares represent 300 million unlisted preferred shares of PLDT at Php10 par value as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, net of subscription payable of Php2,640 million. These shares, which bear dividend of 13.5% per annum based on the paid-up subscription price, are cumulative, non-convertible and redeemable at par value at the option of PLDT. Dividends earned on this investment amounted to Php49 million each for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Mutual Funds

Investment in mutual funds includes various U.S. dollar and Euro denominated equity funds, which aims to out-perform benchmarks in various international indices as part of its investment strategy. Total investment in mutual funds amounted to Php63 million and Php64 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Government Securities

Investment in government securities includes retail treasury bonds bearing interest ranging from 5.88% to 7%. These securities are fully guaranteed by the government of the Republic of the Philippines. Total investment in government securities amounted to Php42 million and Php43 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Investment Properties

Investment properties include two condominium units (bare, separate 127 and 58 square meter units) located in Ayala-FGU Building along Alabang-Zapote Road in Muntinlupa City. Total fair value of investment properties amounted to Php10 million and Php11 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The asset allocation of the Plan is set and reviewed from time to time by the Plan Trustees taking into account the membership profile, the liquidity requirements of the Plan and risk appetite of the Plan sponsor. This considers the expected benefit cashflows to be matched with asset durations.

416

The allocation of the fair value of the assets for the PLDT pension plan as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
Investments in listed and unlisted equity securities		95	%		95	%
Temporary cash investments		4	%		4	%
Investments in mutual funds		1	%		1	%

		100	%		100	%

Defined Contribution Plans

Smart’s and certain of its subsidiaries’ contributions to the plan are made based on the employees’ years of tenure and range from 5% to 10% of the employee’s monthly salary. Additionally, an employee has an option to make a personal contribution to the fund, at an amount not exceeding 10% of his monthly salary. The employer then provides an additional contribution to the fund ranging from 10% to 50% of the employee’s contribution based on the employee’s years of tenure. Although the plan has a defined contribution format, Smart and certain of its subsidiaries regularly monitor compliance with R.A. 7641. As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, Smart and certain of its subsidiaries were in compliance with the requirements of R.A. 7641.

417

Smart’s and certain of its subsidiaries’ actuarial valuation is performed every year-end. Based on the latest actuarial valuation, the actual present value of prepaid benefit costs, net periodic costs and average assumptions used in developing the valuation as at and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014			2013			2012
	(in million pesos)
Changes in the present value of defined benefit obligations:
Present value of defined benefit obligations at beginning of the year		1,685			1,606			1,470
Service costs		241			226			226
Actuarial losses (gains) – economic assumptions		98			(6	)		—
Interest costs on benefit obligation		92			95			101
Actuarial losses (gains) – experience		75			(59	)		6
Actual benefits paid/settlements		(42	)		(177	)		(197	)

Present value of defined benefit obligations at end of the year		2,149			1,685			1,606


Changes in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year		1,884			1,760			1,614
Actual contributions		261			208			185
Interest income on plan assets		92			95			100
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest)		10			(2	)		58
Actual benefits paid/settlements		(42	)		(177	)		(197	)

Fair value of plan assets at end of the year		2,205			1,884			1,760

Funded status – net (Notes 3 and 19)		56			199			154
Accrued benefit costs (Note 3)		6			—			—

Prepaid benefit costs (Note 3)		62			199			154


Components of net periodic benefit costs:
Service costs		241			226			226
Interest costs - net		—			—			1

Net periodic benefit costs (Notes 3 and 5)		241			226			227

Actual net gains on plan assets amounted to Php102 million, Php93 million and Php158 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Smart and certain of its subsidiaries expect to contribute the amount of approximately Php268 million to its defined benefit plan in 2015.

418

The following table sets forth the expected future settlements by the Plan of maturing defined benefit obligation as at December 31, 2014:


	(in million pesos)
2015		109
2016		52
2017		57
2018		79
2019		90
2020 to 2054		22,552

The average duration of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period is 18 years.

The weighted average assumptions used to determine pension benefits for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014			2013			2012
Rate of increase in compensation		7.0	%		6.0	%		7.0	%
Discount rate		4.5	%		5.0	%		5.5	%


	2014					2013
	Increase (Decrease)
	(in million pesos)
Discount rate		1	%	(84	)		1	%	—
		(1	%)	250			(1	%)	—
Future salary increases		1	%	239			1	%	6
		(1	%)	(83	)		(1	%)	(2	)

Smart’s Retirement Plan

The fund is being managed and invested by BPI Asset Management and Trust Group, as Trustee, pursuant to an amended trust agreement dated February 21, 2012.

The plan’s investment portfolio seeks to achieve regular income, long-term capital growth and consistent performance over its own portfolio benchmark. In order to attain this objective, the Trustee’s mandate is to invest in a diversified portfolio of bonds and equities, both domestic and international. The portfolio mix is kept at 60% to 90% for debt and fixed income securities, while 10% to 40% is allotted to equity securities.

419

The following table sets forth the fair values, which are equal to the carrying values, of Smart’s plan assets recognized as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Investments in:
Domestic fixed income		1,240		989
Domestic equities		615		342
Philippine foreign currency bonds		427		—
International equities		367		635
International fixed income		106		188

Total noncurrent financial assets		2,755		2,154

Current Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		19		294
Receivables		95		1

Total current financial assets		114		295

Total plan assets⁽¹⁾		2,869		2,449

Employee’s share, forfeitures and mandatory reserve account		664		565

Smart’s plan assets		2,094		1,789
Subsidiaries’ plan assets		111		95

Total Plan Assets of Defined Contribution Plans		2,205		1,884

⁽¹⁾

Total financial assets include forfeitures from resigned employees and mandatory reserve account from BPI.

Domestic Fixed Income

Investments in domestic fixed income include Philippine peso denominated bonds, such as government securities, corporate debt securities and a fixed income fund managed by BPI Asset Management and Trust Group which is invested in a diversified portfolio of Philippine peso-denominated fixed income instruments. The investments under this category, exclusive of the mutual fund, earned between 4.19% and 7.2% interest for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Total investments in domestic fixed income amounted to Php1,240 million and Php989 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Domestic Equities

Investments in domestic equities include direct equity investments in common shares and convertible preferred shares listed in the PSE and a local equity fund managed by BPI Asset Management and Trust Group which is invested in a diversified portfolio of stocks listed in the PSE. These investments earn on stock price appreciation and dividend payments. Total investment in domestic equities amounted to Php615 million and Php342 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. This includes investment in PLDT shares with fair value of Php46 million and Php22 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

420

Philippine Foreign Currency Bonds

Investments in Philippine foreign currency bonds include investments in U.S. dollar denominated fixed income instruments issued by the Philippine government, local corporations and financial institutions. The investments under this category earned between 4.20% and 7.38% interest for the year ended December 31, 2014. Total investment in Philippine foreign currency bonds amounted to Php427 million as at December 31, 2014.

International Equities

Investments in international equities include mutual funds managed by ING International and an offshore investment in a global mutual fund managed by Franklin Templeton, all are invested in diversified portfolios of global equities. Total investment in international equities amounted to Php367 million and Php635 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

International Fixed Income

Investments in international fixed income include mutual funds managed by ING International which are invested in diversified portfolios of high-yield foreign currency denominated bonds. Total investments in international fixed income amounted to Php106 million and Php188 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

This pertains to the fund’s excess liquidity in Philippine peso and U.S. dollars including investments in time deposits, money market funds and other deposit products of banks with duration or tenor less than a year.

The plan assets are primarily exposed to financial risks such as liquidity risk and price risk.

Liquidity risk pertains to the plan’s ability to meet its obligation to the employees upon retirement. To effectively manage liquidity risk, the Plan Trustees invests a portion of the fund in readily tradeable and liquid investments which can be sold at any given time to fund liquidity requirements.

Price risk pertains mainly to fluctuations in market prices of equity securities listed in the PSE. In order to effectively manage price risk, the Plan Trustees continuously assesses these risks by closely monitoring the market value of the securities and implementing prudent investment strategies.

421

The allocation of the fair value of Smart and certain of its subsidiaries pension plan assets as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows:


	2014			2013
Investments in debt and fixed income securities and others		66	%		60	%
Investments in listed and unlisted equity securities		34	%		40	%

		100	%		100	%

Other Long-term Employee Benefits

To ensure the proper execution of our strategic and operational business plans while taking into account the acquisition of Digitel in 2011 and other recent market developments, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP, covering the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014, was approved by the Board of Directors with the endorsement of the ECC on March 22, 2012. The awards in the 2012 to 2014 LTIP were contingent upon the successful achievement of certain profit targets, intended to align the execution of the business strategies of the expanded Group, including Digitel, over the three-year period 2012 to 2014. In addition, the 2012 to 2014 LTIP allowed for the participation of a number of senior executives and certain newly hired executives and ensured the continuity of management in line with the succession planning of the PLDT Group. LTIP costs recognized for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 amounted to Php168 million, Php1,638 million and Php1,491 million, respectively. Total outstanding liability and fair value of the 2012 to 2014 LTIP amounted to Php3,297 million and Php3,129 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The LTIP liability as at December 31, 2014 was paid on March 10, 2015. See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Estimating Pension Benefit Costs and Other Employee Benefits and Note 5 – Income and Expenses – Compensation and Employee Benefits.

Net periodic benefit costs computed for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:


	2014			2013		2012
	(in million pesos)
Components of net periodic benefit costs:
Current service costs		184			1,532		1,459
Interest costs		17			42		21
Net actuarial losses (gains)		(33	)		64		11

Net periodic benefit costs (Notes 3 and 5)		168			1,638		1,491

422

27.

Provisions and Contingencies

Supervision and Regulatory Fees, or SRF, due to the NTC

Since 1994, following the rejection of PLDT’s formal protest against the assessments by the NTC of SRF, pursuant to Section 40 of Commonwealth Act No. 146, otherwise known as the Public Service Act, PLDT and the NTC had been involved in legal proceedings before the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court. The principal issue in these proceedings was the basis for the computation of the SRF. PLDT’s position, which was upheld by the Court of Appeals, but, as set forth below, was rejected by the Supreme Court, was that the SRF should be computed based only on the par value of the subscribed or paid up capital of PLDT, excluding stock dividends, premium or capital in excess of par. The Supreme Court, in its decision dated July 28, 1999, ordered the NTC to make a recomputation of the SRF based on the actual amount paid (inclusive of premiums) for the “capital stock subscribed or paid” and not on par or market value. Subsequently, in February 2000, the NTC issued an assessment letter for the balance of the SRF, but in calculating said fees, the NTC used as basis not only capital stock subscribed or paid, but also the stock dividends. PLDT questioned the inclusion of the stock dividends in the calculation of the SRF and sought to restrain the NTC from enforcing its assessment until the resolution of the issue. Prior to the resolution of the issue mentioned above, PLDT paid the SRF due in 2000 together with the balance due from the recalculation of the SRF and had been paying the SRF due in September of each year thereafter, excluding the portion based on stock dividends.

In a resolution promulgated on December 4, 2007, the Supreme Court upheld the NTC assessment of SRF based on outstanding capital stock of PLDT, including stock dividends. In a letter to PLDT on February 29, 2008, or the Assessment Letter, the NTC assessed the total amount of SRF on stock dividends due from PLDT to be Php2,870 million, which assessment included penalties and interest. On April 3, 2008, PLDT complied with the Supreme Court resolution by paying to the NTC the outstanding principal amount relating to SRF on stock dividends in the amount of Php455 million, but not including penalties and interest. PLDT believes that it is not liable for penalties and interest, and therefore protested and disputed NTC’s assessments in the total amount of Php2,870 million, which included penalties. In letters dated April 14, 2008 and June 18, 2008, or the Demand Letters, the NTC demanded payment of the balance of its assessment. On July 9, 2008, PLDT filed a Petition for Certiorari and Prohibition with the Court of Appeals, or the PLDT Petition, praying that the NTC be restrained from enforcing or implementing its Assessment Letter and Demand Letters, all demanding payment of SRF including penalties and interests. The PLDT Petition further prayed that after notice and hearing, the NTC be ordered to forever cease and desist from implementing and/or enforcing, and annulling and reversing and setting aside, the Assessment Letter and Demand Letters. The Court of Appeals, in its Decision dated May 25, 2010, granted PLDT’s Petition and set aside/annulled the NTC’s Assessment Letter and Demand Letters. The NTC did not file a Motion for Reconsideration of the decision of the Court of Appeals but instead filed a Petition for Review, or the NTC Petition, directly with the Supreme Court. PLDT received a copy of the NTC Petition on July 29, 2010, and after receiving the order of the Supreme Court, filed its comment on the NTC Petition on December 7, 2010. The NTC filed a Reply dated August 26, 2011 and PLDT filed a Rejoinder on October 12, 2011.

On January 30, 2013, the Supreme Court’s Third Division issued a resolution denying the NTC Petition for failure to show any reversible error in the challenged judgment as to warrant the exercise of the Supreme Court’s discretionary appellate jurisdiction. The Supreme Court resolution affirms the decision of the Court of Appeals, which declared that the NTC erred in imposing/assessing penalties and interest on the SRF payment of PLDT for the period 1987-2007, and annulled and set aside the Assessment Letter and Demand Letters. On April 10, 2013, the NTC filed a Motion for Reconsideration of the decision of the Supreme Court. PLDT received the Motion for Reconsideration on April 15, 2013 and filed its Comment/Opposition on May 15, 2013.

423

On June 26, 2013, the Supreme Court issued a resolution denying with finality the Motion for Reconsideration of the NTC. PLDT received the Supreme Court’s resolution on August 6, 2013, which serves as the termination of the case.

PLDT’s Local Business and Franchise Tax Assessments

Pursuant to a decision of the Supreme Court on March 25, 2003 in the case of PLDT vs. City of Davao declaring PLDT not exempt from the local franchise tax, PLDT started paying local franchise tax to various local government units. As at December 31, 2014, PLDT has no contested Local Government Unit, or LGU, assessments for franchise taxes based on gross receipts received or collected for services within their respective territorial jurisdiction.

However, PLDT contested the imposition of local business taxes in addition to local franchise tax by the City of Tuguegarao in the amount of Php1.9 million for the years 1998 to 2003. The Regional Trial Court, or RTC, rendered a decision stating that the City of Tuguegarao cannot impose local business tax on PLDT, there being no ordinance enacted for that purpose. Its Motion for Reconsideration having been denied by the court in its Order dated March 2, 2009, the City of Tuguegarao has filed a Notice of Appeal before the Court of Appeals. PLDT filed a motion to dismiss on the said appeal on the ground of lack of jurisdiction as the appeal should have been filed before the Court of Tax Appeals, or CTA. In a resolution dated February 9, 2012, the Court of Appeals dismissed the case for failure of the City of Tuguegarao and its Treasurer to file their Appellants’ Brief. PLDT also contested the imposition of local business tax in addition to local franchise tax also by the City of Tuguegarao in the amount of Php2.3 million for the years 2006 to 2011. PLDT filed a Petition with the RTC of the City of Makati on July 8, 2011. The City of Tuguegarao filed its Answer with Motion to Dismiss claiming that the RTC of the City of Makati does not have jurisdiction over the case. Both parties have filed their respective Memorandum on the issue of Jurisdiction. A judicial dispute resolution, or JDR, conference was set by the court after the parties failed to settle the case in the mediation proceedings. Due to the failure of the City of Tuguegarao to appear on the JDR conference last May 15, 2012, the court transmitted the case to the Office of the Clerk of Court of the City of Makati for re-raffling in accordance with the JDR guidelines. The case was raffled to Branch 132 of Makati City and a Pre-Trial Conference, which was scheduled on October 19, 2012, was postponed by the court due to the Motion for Resolution on the previously filed Motion to Dismiss by City of Tuguegarao on the ground of lack of jurisdiction. In an order dated October 12, 2012, the court granted the Motion to Dismiss for lack of jurisdiction. PLDT filed a Motion for Reconsideration while the City of Tuguegarao has filed its corresponding Comment. In a Resolution dated January 18, 2013, the court denied the Motion for Reconsideration filed by PLDT. On March 8, 2013, PLDT filed a Petition for Review on the said dismissal of the case before the CTA. Acting on the Petition for Review filed by PLDT, the Second Division of the CTA issued a Resolution dated March 13, 2013 ordering the Respondents City of Tuguegarao and City Treasurer to file their Comment on the Petition for Review filed by PLDT. In a Resolution dated July 2, 2013 and received on July 12, 2013, the CTA ordered both parties to submit its respective Memorandum. PLDT has already submitted its Memorandum together with its Motion to Admit Memorandum and submit case for Resolution after Respondent City of Tuguegarao and City Treasurer failed to file their Comment on the Petition for Review filed by PLDT. On January 3, 2014, PLDT received an Entry of Appearance with Motion for Extension of Time to File Memorandum filed by the new counsel of the City of Tuguegarao asking the CTA to allow the City of Tuguegarao to file its Memorandum on or before January 14, 2014. Said Motion for Extension of Time to File Memorandum was denied by the CTA in a Resolution dated January 14, 2014. On July 14, 2014, PLDT received a Decision promulgated by the Second Division of CTA dismissing the Petition for Review filed by PLDT and upholding the decision of the RTC on the ground of lack of jurisdiction. On July 28, 2014, PLDT filed a Motion for Reconsideration which was also denied by the CTA in a Resolution dated September 30, 2014. PLDT filed a Petition before the CTA En Banc last November 3, 2014 to appeal the Decision and Resolution of the Second Division of the CTA. In a Resolution dated November 26, 2014, CTA En Banc ordered the City of Tuguegarao to file its Comment on PLDT’s Petition.

424

Smart’s Local Business and Franchise Tax Assessments

The Province of Cagayan issued a tax assessment against Smart for alleged local franchise tax. On January 24, 2011, Smart filed a Petition before the RTC of the City of Makati, appealing the assessment on the ground that Smart cannot be held liable for local franchise tax mainly because it has no sales office within the Province of Cagayan pursuant to Section 137 of the Local Government Code (Republic Act No. 7160). The RTC of the City of Makati issued a Temporary Restraining Order, or TRO, on October 21, 2011, and the writ of preliminary injunction on November 14, 2011. On April 30, 2012, the RTC rendered a decision giving the petition due course and the assailed tax assessment nullified and set aside. The Province of Cagayan was directed to cease and desist from imposing local franchise taxes on Smart’s gross receipts. The Province of Cagayan then filed a Petition for Review before the Court of Tax Appeals in the City of Quezon on June 19, 2012, appealing the RTC Decision dated April 30, 2012. In a Decision promulgated on July 25, 2013, the Court of Tax Appeals ruled that the franchise tax assessment made by the Province of Cagayan against Smart covering the periods from 2004 to 2009 based on “presumptive tax” is null and void for lack of legal and factual justifications. The Province of Cagayan filed a Motion for Reconsideration of the Decision which the Court of Tax Appeals denied in a Resolution promulgated on February 4, 2014. The Province of Cagayan filed its Petition for Review before the Court of Tax Appeals en banc. Smart filed its Comment in June 2014. The CTA en banc issued a Resolution on August 7, 2014, directing the parties to file their respective Memoranda. Smart filed its Memorandum on October 1, 2014. Smart received a copy of the Memorandum of the Province of Cagayan on October 22, 2014. Upon submission of the Memoranda or the expiration of the 30 day period, the Petition for Review will be deemed submitted for decision.

425

On October 2, 2013, the City of Bacoor issued local franchise tax assessments against Smart based on the gross sales of handsets and gross receipts derived from franchise operations (prepaid and postpaid receipts), after Smart had paid the local business taxes assessed on the same gross receipts within the same taxable period. On November 29, 2013, Smart filed a written protest to such assessments with the Office of the City Treasurer of Bacoor. On February 27, 2014, Smart filed a Petition before the RTC of the City of Makati, primarily challenging the assessment on the grounds that Smart cannot be held liable for local franchise tax because Smart is exempt from paying the local franchise tax as such is covered under the “in lieu of all taxes” clause in Section 9 of its legislative franchise, Republic Act No. 7924 (Series 1992). Smart also argues that even if it is liable for local franchise tax, the City of Bacoor cannot collect local business tax on the same gross receipts derived from franchise operations realized within the same taxing jurisdiction by the same taxing authority and within the same period. Smart has argued that the gross sales of handsets should not be subject to the local franchise tax because the sale of handsets and accessories is not considered a sale derived from franchise operations. The RTC of the City of Makati issued an Order on June 9, 2014 requiring the parties to attend a mediation on July 31, 2014 (subsequently rescheduled to August 19, 2014). During mediation, the Treasurer of the City of Bacoor agreed that the gross sales of handsets and accessories would be subject to local business tax, but not to the local franchise tax, while the gross receipts from prepaid and postpaid services would be subject to the local franchise tax, but not to the local business tax. Accordingly, Smart and the City of Bacoor filed a Joint Motion to Dismiss on November 4, 2014.

Digitel’s Franchise Tax Assessment and Real Property Tax Assessment

In the case of Digitel vs. Province of Pangasinan (G.R. No. 152534, February 23, 2007), the Supreme Court held that Digitel is liable to the Province of Pangasinan for franchise tax from November 13, 1992 and real property tax only on real properties not actually, directly and exclusively used in the franchise operations from February 17, 1994. Digitel has fully settled its obligation with the Province of Pangasinan with respect to franchise tax and is currently in talks with the Province for the settlement of the real property tax.

DMPI’s Local Business and Real Property Taxes Assessments

In DMPI vs. City of Cotabato (Civil Case No. 2010-345, February 2010), DMPI filed a Petition for Prohibition and Mandamus against the City of Cotabato due to their threats to close its cell sites due to real property tax delinquencies. DMPI filed a Motion for Reconsideration after the Court dismissed the case for DMPI’s failure to prove that DMPI is exempt from payment of real property tax. The Motion is pending resolution.

In the DMPI vs. City of Davao (Special Civil Case No. 33,823-11, March 2011), DMPI’s Petition for Prohibition and Mandamus sought the Court’s intervention due to the threats issued by the City of Davao to stop the operations of DMPI business centers in the locality due to lack of business permits. DMPI contended that the City of Davao’s act of refusing to process its applications due to failure to pay real property taxes and business taxes is unwarranted, being that it is exempt under its BOI registration and prevailing laws. The case is in pre-trial stage. DMPI paid local business taxes and real property tax on tower and improvements. The City of Davao’s Legal Officer issued a letter-opinion declaring DMPI’s machinery as exempt from real property tax. The Office of the City Assessor has already confirmed this ruling, and issued a Tax Declaration declaring all machineries of DMPI located in the City of Davao as “Tax-Exempt”. DMPI has filed a Motion seeking the dismissal of the case considering these developments and its pending resolution.

426

In the DMPI vs. City Government of Malabon (Special Civil Action 11-011-MN, November 2011), DMPI filed a Petition for Prohibition and Mandamus against the City of Malabon to prevent the auction sale of DMPI sites in its jurisdiction for alleged real property tax liabilities. DMPI was able to secure a TRO to defer the sale. As at March 26, 2015, there is an ongoing mediation and the parties are exploring the possibility of settling amicably.

DMPI’s Local Tower Fee Assessments

In DMPI vs. Municipality of San Mateo (Special Civil Action Case No. Br. 20-542, September 2011), DMPI filed a petition for Prohibition and Mandamus with Preliminary Injunction and TRO against the Tower Fee Ordinance of the Municipality of San Mateo. The parties have submitted their respective memorandum and the case has been submitted for resolution. The RTC denied DMPI’s petition. In June 2013, DMPI filed a motion for reconsideration and sought the inhibition of the presiding judge. Through an Order dated May 8, 2014, the lower court ruled in favor of DMPI and declared the ordinance void and without legal force and effect. The Municipality of San Mateo appealed the Order with the Court of Appeals, and both parties have submitted their respective Memoranda. The case has been submitted for resolution.

Meanwhile, in DMPI vs. the City Government of Santiago City and the City Permits and License Inspection Office of Santiago City, Isabela (CA-G.R. SP No. 127253) (Special Civil Action Case No. 36-0360, February 2011), the City Government of Santiago City filed an appeal with the Court of Appeals after the lower court granted DMPI’s petition and ruled as unconstitutional the provision of the ordinance imposing the Php200 thousand per cell site per annum. DMPI has already filed its comment to the petition and the matter is now awaiting resolution.

DMPI vs. City of Trece Martires (Civil Case No. TMSCA-004-10, February 2010) – DMPI petitioned to declare void the City of Trece Martires ordinance of imposing tower fee of Php150 thousand for each cell site annually. Application for the issuance of a preliminary injunction by DMPI is pending resolution.

Globe Telecoms, et al. vs. City of Lipa (Civil Case No. 2006-0568, 2006) – Globe filed a Protest of Assessment questioning the act of the LGU in assessing tower fees for its sites amounting to Php105 thousand per year. Smart, Digitel and DMPI submitted a joint memorandum in June 2013 pertaining to the issue of whether the Ordinance is a regulatory or tax imposition. However, the Sangguniang Panglungsod has since repealed the ordinance, and issued instead Tax Ordinance No. 177, which imposes a one-time regulatory fee of Php50 thousand for every tower to be constructed in the City of Lipa. The parties will be filing a Manifestation to that effect and will seek dismissal of the case.

427

Arbitration with Eastern Telecommunications Philippines, Inc., or ETPI

In the Matter of the Wilson Gamboa Case and Jose M. Roy III Petition

On June 29, 2011, the Supreme Court of the Philippines, or the Court, promulgated a Decision in the case of Wilson P. Gamboa vs. Finance Secretary Margarito B. Teves, et. al. (G.R. No. 176579) (the “Gamboa Case”), holding that “the term ‘capital’ in Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution refers only to shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors and thus only to voting common shares, and not to the total outstanding capital stock (common and non-voting preferred shares)”. This decision reversed earlier opinions issued by the Philippine SEC that non-voting preferred shares are included in the computation of the 60%-40% Filipino-alien equity requirement of certain economic activities, such as telecommunications (which is a public utility under Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution).

428

On October 15, 2012, PLDT and BTFHI, a Filipino corporation and a wholly-owned company of The Board of Trustees for the Account of the Beneficial Trust Fund created pursuant to the Benefit Plan of PLDT Company, or the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, entered into a Subscription Agreement, pursuant to which PLDT issued 150 million Voting Preferred Shares to BTFHI at Php1.00 per share reducing the percentage of PLDT’s voting stock held by foreigners from 56.62% (based on Voting Common Stock) as at October 15, 2012 to 18.37% (based on Voting Common and Preferred Stock) as at April 15, 2013.

On May 20, 2013, the Philippine SEC issued SEC Memorandum Circular No. 8, Series of 2013, or the Philippine SEC Guidelines, which we believe was intended to fulfill the Court’s directive to the Philippine SEC in the Gamboa Case. The Philippine SEC Guidelines provided that “the required percentage of Filipino ownership shall be applied to BOTH: (a) the total number of outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors; AND (b) the total number of outstanding shares of stock, whether or not entitled to vote in the election of directors.” PLDT believes it was, and continues to be, compliant with the Philippine SEC Guidelines. As at end of December 31, 2014, PLDT’s foreign ownership was 32.13% of its outstanding shares entitled to vote (Common and Voting Preferred Shares), and 17.66% of its total outstanding capital stock. Therefore, we believe that as at March 26, 2015, PLDT is in compliance with the requirement of Section 11, Article XII of the 1987 Constitution.

PLDT raised several procedural and substantive arguments against the petition, including in particular, that (a) the Philippine SEC Guidelines merely implemented the dispositive portion of the decision in the Gamboa Case, and that the dispositive portion of the Gamboa Case that defines “capital” is properly reflected in the Philippine SEC Guidelines, and (b) the fundamental requirements which need to be satisfied in order for PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund and BTFHI to be considered Filipino (for PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund’s Trustees to be Filipinos and for 60% of the Fund to accrue to the benefit of Philippine nationals) are satisfied with respect to the PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund, and therefore, PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund and BTFHI are Filipino shareholders for purposes of classifying their 150 million Voting Preferred Shares in PLDT. As a result, more than 60% of PLDT’s total voting stock is Filipino-owned and PLDT is compliant with the Constitutional ownership requirements.

429

In 2013, the Philippine SEC and Chairperson Teresita Herbosa also raised a number of arguments for dismissal of the petition for being procedurally flawed and for lack of merit.

On February 10, 2015, PLDT filed a consolidated memorandum setting forth its arguments against the petition.

As at March 26, 2015, the resolution of the petition remains pending with the Supreme Court.

Other disclosures required by IAS 37 were not provided as it may prejudice our position in on-going claims, litigations and assessments. See Note 3 – Management’s Use of Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions – Provision for Legal Contingencies and Tax Assessments.

28.

Financial Assets and Liabilities

We have various financial assets such as trade and non-trade receivables, cash and short-term deposits, which arise directly from our operations. Our principal financial liabilities, other than derivatives, comprise of bank loans and overdrafts, finance leases, trade and non-trade payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance our operations. We also enter into derivative transactions, primarily principal only-currency swap agreements, currency options, interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts to manage the currency and interest rate risks arising from our operations and sources of financing. Our accounting policies in relation to derivatives are set out in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Financial Instruments.

430

The following table sets forth our consolidated financial assets and financial liabilities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Cash and cash equivalents		Loans and receivables		HTM investments		Financial instruments at FVPL			Derivatives used for hedging			Available-for- sale financial investments		Financial liabilities carried at amortized cost			Total financial assets and liabilities
	(in million pesos)
Assets as at December 31, 2014
Noncurrent:
Available-for-sale financial investments		—		—		—		—			—			28,086		—			28,086
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments – net of current portion		—		546		414		—			—			—		—			960
Derivative financial assets – net of current portion		—		—		—		—			94			—		—			94
Advances and other noncurrent assets – net of current portion		—		2,758		—		—			—			—		—			2,758
Current:
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		—		—		—			—			—		—			26,659
Short-term investments		—		18		—		625			—			—		—			643
Trade and other receivables		—		29,151		—		—			—			—		—			29,151
Current portion of derivative financial assets		—		—		—		—			2			—		—			2
Current portion of investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		—		—		295		—			—			—		—			295
Current portion of advances and other noncurrent assets		—		7,953		—		—			—			—		—			7,953

Total assets		26,659		40,426		709		625			96			28,086		—			96,601


Liabilities as at December 31, 2014
Noncurrent:
Interest-bearing financial liabilities – net of current portion		—		—		—		—			—			—		115,400			115,400
Derivative financial liabilities – net of current portion		—		—		—		1,426			34			—		—			1,460
Customers’ deposits		—		—		—		—			—			—		2,438			2,438
Deferred credits and other noncurrent liabilities		—		—		—		—			—			—		19,643			19,643
Current:
Accounts payable		—		—		—		—			—			—		39,416			39,416
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		—		—		—		—			—			—		65,981			65,981
Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities		—		—		—		—			—			—		14,729			14,729
Dividends payable		—		—		—		—			—			—		1,070			1,070
Current portion of derivative financial liabilities		—		—		—		45			209			—		—			254

Total liabilities		—		—		—		1,471			243			—		258,677			260,391

Net assets (liabilities)		26,659		40,426		709		(846	)		(147	)		28,086		(258,677	)		(163,790	)


Assets as at December 31, 2013
Noncurrent:
Available-for-sale financial investments		—		—		—		—			—			220		—			220
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments – net of current portion		—		2,172		471		—			—			—		—			2,643
Derivative financial assets – net of current portion		—		—		—		—			24			—		—			24
Advances and other noncurrent assets – net of current portion		—		2,285		—		—			—			—		—			2,285
Current:		—
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		—		—		—			—			—		—			31,905
Short-term investments		—		127		—		591			—			—		—			718
Trade and other receivables		—		17,564		—		—			—			—		—			17,564
Current portion of derivative financial assets		—		—		—		10			—			—		—			10
Current portion of advances and other noncurrent assets		—		7,987		—		—			—			—		—			7,987

Total assets		31,905		30,135		471		601			24			220		—			63,356


Liabilities as at December 31, 2013
Noncurrent:
Interest-bearing financial liabilities – net of current portion		—		—		—		—			—			—		88,930			88,930
Derivative financial liabilities – net of current portion		—		—		—		1,853			16			—		—			1,869
Customers’ deposits		—		—		—		—			—			—		2,545			2,545
Deferred credits and other noncurrent liabilities		—		—		—		—			—			—		19,716			19,716
Current:		—
Accounts payable		—		—		—		—			—			—		33,144			33,144
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		—		—		—		—			—			—		57,611			57,611
Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities		—		—		—		—			—			—		15,171			15,171
Dividends payable		—		—		—		—			—			—		932			932
Current portion of derivative financial liabilities		—		—		—		65			40			—		—			105

Total liabilities		—		—		—		1,918			56			—		218,049			220,023

Net assets (liabilities)		31,905		30,135		471		(1,317	)		(32	)		220		(218,049	)		(156,667	)

431

The following table sets forth our consolidated carrying values and estimated fair values of our financial assets and liabilities recognized as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 other than those whose carrying amounts are reasonable approximations of fair values:


	Carrying Value				Fair Value
	2014		2013		2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		960		2,643		969		2,668
Advances and other noncurrent assets		2,758		2,285		2,346		2,043

Total		3,718		4,928		3,315		4,711

Noncurrent Financial Liabilities
Interest-bearing financial liabilities:
Long-term debt		115,399		88,924		118,944		93,165
Obligations under finance leases		1		6		1		6
Customers’ deposits		2,438		2,545		1,902		2,044
Deferred credits and other noncurrent liabilities		19,643		19,716		18,360		18,696

Total		137,481		111,191		139,207		113,911

432

The following table sets forth our consolidated offsetting of financial assets and liabilities recognized as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Gross amounts of recognized financial assets and liabilities		Gross amounts of recognized financial assets and liabilities set-off in the statement of financial position		Net amount presented in the statement of financial position
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swap – net of current portion		1,224		1,130		94
Current Financial Assets
Trade and other receivables
Foreign administrations		11,240		3,368		7,872
Corporate subscribers
Domestic carriers		8,233		7,503		730
Derivative financial instruments
Current portion of interest rate swap		183		181		2

Total		20,880		12,182		8,698


Noncurrent Financial Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swap – net of current portion		1,206		1,148		58
Current Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable
Suppliers and contractors		35,886		29		35,857
Carriers and other customers		5,212		2,413		2,799
Derivative financial instruments
Current portion of interest rate swap		397		143		254

Total		42,701		3,733		38,968

433


	Gross amounts of recognized financial assets and liabilities		Gross amounts of recognized financial assets and liabilities set-off in the statement of financial position		Net amount presented in the statement of financial position
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2013
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swap – net of current portion		180		156		24
Current Financial Assets
Trade and other receivables
Foreign administrations		7,554		1,833		5,721
Corporate subscribers		2,162		107		2,055
Domestic carriers		6,348		4,967		1,381
Derivative financial instruments
Current portion of interest rate swap		73		73		—

Total		16,317		7,136		9,181


Noncurrent Financial Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swap – net of current portion		246		165		81
Current Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable
Suppliers and contractors		29,911		112		29,799
Carriers and other customers		4,846		2,582		2,264
Derivative financial instruments
Current portion of interest rate swap		173		68		105

Total		35,176		2,927		32,249

There were no financial instruments subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement that were not set-off in our consolidated statements of financial position.

434

Below are the list of our consolidated financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value that are classified using a fair value hierarchy as required for our complete sets of consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. This classification provides a reasonable basis to illustrate the nature and extent of risks associated with those financial statements.


	2014						2013
	Level 1⁽¹⁾		Level 2⁽²⁾		Total		Level 1⁽¹⁾		Level 2⁽²⁾		Total
	(in million pesos)
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Available-for-sale financial investments – Listed equity securities		27,955		—		27,955		97		—		97
Derivative financial assets – net of current portion		—		94		94		—		24		24
Current Financial Assets
Short-term investments		—		625		625		—		591		591
Current portion of derivative financial assets		—		2		2		—		10		10

Total		27,955		721		28,676		97		625		722


Noncurrent Financial Liabilities
Derivative financial liabilities		—		1,460		1,460		—		1,869		1,869
Current Financial Liabilities
Derivative financial liabilities		—		254		254		—		105		105

Total		—		1,714		1,714		—		1,974		1,974

⁽¹⁾

Fair values determined using observable market inputs that reflect quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

⁽²⁾

Fair values determined using inputs other than quoted market prices that are either directly or indirectly observable for the assets or liabilities.

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, we have no financial instruments measured at fair values using inputs that are not based on observable market data (Level 3). As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no transfers into and out of Level 3 fair value measurements.

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements.

435

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate such value:

Long-term financial assets and liabilities:

Fair value is based on the following:


Type	Fair Value Assumptions	Fair Value Hierarchy

Noncurrent portion of advances and other noncurrent assets	Estimated fair value is based on the discounted values of future cash flows using the applicable zero coupon rates plus counterparties’ credit spread.	Level 3

Fixed Rate Loans: U.S. dollar notes	Quoted market price.	Level 1

Investment in debt securities	Fair values were determined using quoted prices. For non-quoted securities, fair values were determined using discounted cash flow based on market observable rates.	Level 1 Level 2

Other loans in all other currencies	Estimated fair value is based on the discounted value of future cash flows using the applicable Commercial Interest Reference Rate and PDST-F rates for similar types of loans plus PLDT’s credit spread.	Level 3

Variable Rate Loans	The carrying value approximates fair value because of recent and regular repricing based on market conditions.	Level 2

Customers’ deposits and deferred credits and other noncurrent liabilities	Estimated fair value is based on the discounted values of future cash flows using the applicable zero coupon rates plus PLDT’s credit spread.	Level 3

Derivative Financial Instruments:

Forward foreign exchange contracts, foreign currency swaps and interest rate swaps: The fair values were computed as the present value of estimated future cash flows using market U.S. dollar and Philippine peso interest rates as at valuation date.

Equity forward sale contract: The fair values were adjusted as the present value of estimated future cash flows using equity prices and Philippine peso interest rates as at valuation date.

The valuation techniques considered various inputs including the credit quality of counterparties.

Available-for-sale financial investments: Fair values of available-for-sale financial investments, which consist of proprietary listed shares, were determined using quoted prices. For investment where there is no active market, investments are carried at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.

436

Due to the short-term nature of the transactions, the fair value of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, trade and other receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities and dividends payable approximate their carrying values as at the end of the reporting period.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Our derivative financial instruments are accounted for as either cash flow hedges or transactions not designated as hedges. Cash flow hedges refer to those transactions that hedge our exposure to variability in cash flows attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized financial asset or liability and exposures arising from forecast transactions. Changes in the fair value of these instruments representing effective hedges are recognized directly in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in our consolidated income statement. For transactions that are not designated as hedges, any gains or losses arising from the changes in fair value are recognized directly to income for the year. Interest rate swap agreements were designated as cash flow hedges by PLDT and Smart as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, we have taken into account the counterparties’ credit risks (for derivative assets) and our own non-performance risk (for derivative liabilities) and have included a credit valuation adjustment or debit value adjustment, as appropriate, by assessing the maximum credit exposure and taking into account market-based inputs which considers the risk of default occurring and corresponding losses once the default event occurs. The changes in counterparty credit risk had no material effect on the hedge effectiveness assessment for derivatives designated in hedge relationships and other financial instruments recognized at fair value.

The table below sets out the information about our consolidated derivative financial instruments as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


			2014					2013
	Maturity		Notional		Mark-to- market Gains (Losses)			Notional		Mark-to- market Gains (Losses)
			(in millions)
Transactions not designated as hedges:
PLDT
Long-term currency swaps		2017	US$	202		(Php1,402	)	US$	202		(Php1,788	)
Short-term currency swaps		2014		—		—			6		4
DMPI
Interest rate swaps		2017		31		(69	)		44		(130	)
PGIH
Short-term currency swaps		2014		—		—			10		6

						(1,471	)				(1,908	)

Transactions designated as hedges:
Cash flow hedges:
PLDT
Interest rate swaps		2018		93		9			120		11
		2020		150		(80	)		—		—
Smart
Interest rate swaps		2016		47		(5	)		75		(11	)
		2017		28		(2	)		39		(6	)
		2018		105		(19	)		40		(26	)
		2019		115		(50	)		—		—

						(147	)				(32	)

Net liabilities						(Php1,618	)				(Php1,940	)

437


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Presented as:
Noncurrent assets		94			24
Current assets		2			10
Noncurrent liabilities		(1,460	)		(1,869	)
Current liabilities		(254	)		(105	)

Net liabilities		(1,618	)		(1,940	)

Movements of our consolidated mark-to-market losses for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are summarized as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Net mark-to-market losses at beginning of the year		(1,940	)		(3,220	)
Settlements, accretions and conversions		243			156
Gains on derivative financial instruments (Note 4)		208			816
Effective portion recognized in the profit or loss for the cash flow hedges		(35	)		387
Net fair value gains on cash flow hedges charged to other comprehensive income		(94	)		(67	)
Interest expense		—			(12	)

Net mark-to-market losses at end of the year		(1,618	)		(1,940	)

Our consolidated analysis of gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Gains on derivative financial instruments (Note 4)		208			816
Hedge costs		(309	)		(305	)

Net gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments		(101	)		511

438

PLDT

Due to the amounts of PLDT’s foreign currency hedging requirements and the large interest differential between the Philippine peso and the U.S. dollar, the costs to book long-term hedges can be significant. In order to manage such hedging costs, PLDT utilizes structures that include currency option contracts, and fixed-to-floating coupon-only swaps that may not qualify for hedge accounting.

Long-term Currency Swaps

PLDT has entered into a long-term principal only-currency swap agreements with various foreign counterparties to hedge the currency risk on its fixed rate notes maturing in 2012 and 2017. Under the swaps, PLDT effectively exchanges the principal of its U.S. dollar-denominated fixed rate notes into Philippine peso-denominated loan exposures at agreed swap exchange rates. The agreed swap exchange rates are reset to the lowest U.S. dollar/Philippine peso spot exchange rate during the term of the swaps, subject to a minimum exchange rate. The outstanding swap contracts have an agreed average swap exchange rates of Php49.85 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. The semi-annual fixed or floating swap cost payments that PLDT is required to make to its counterparties averaged about 3.42% per annum for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

The long-term currency swaps that we entered to hedge the 2012 fixed rate notes with a total notional amount of US$100 million matured on May 15, 2012, with a total cash settlement of Php941 million. On various dates from August to November 2012, the long-term principal only-currency swap agreements maturing in 2017 were partially terminated, with a total aggregate settlement of Php256 million. As a result of these unwinding transactions, the total notional amount of US$300 million of the long-term currency swaps that we entered to hedge the 2017 fixed rate notes was reduced to US$202 million with mark-to-market losses of Php1,402 million and Php1,788 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

Short-term Currency Swaps

PLDT also entered into a short-term currency swap contracts to generate short-term peso liquidity while preserving U.S. dollar receipts for purposes of enhancing yields on our excess funds. The total outstanding swaps amounted to US$6 million with U.S. dollar forward purchase leg booked at an average exchange rate of Php43.79 resulting to mark-to-market gains of Php4 million as at December 31, 2013. The spot leg of these swaps were sold at an average exchange rate of Php43.84. There were no outstanding short-term currency swap contracts as at December 31, 2014.

439

Interest Rate Swaps

On May 17, 2013, PLDT entered into a five-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$40 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$300 million Loan Facility maturing in January 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on June 6, 2013) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 1.945%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$31 million and US$40 million with mark-to-market gains of Php9 million and Php13 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On June 26, 2013, PLDT entered into a five-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$40 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$300 million Loan Facility maturing in January 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on September 6, 2013) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.385%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$31 million and US$40 million with mark-to-market losses of Php2 million and Php4 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On July 19, 2013, PLDT entered into a five-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$40 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$300 million Loan Facility maturing in January 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on September 6, 2013) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.25%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$31 million and US$40 million with mark-to-market gains of Php2 million and Php2 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On August 14, 2014, PLDT entered into a six-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$50 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$100 million Loan Facility maturing in August 2020 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on November 12, 2014) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 3.46%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$50 million with mark-to-market losses of Php25 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

440

On August 20, 2014, PLDT entered into a six-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$50 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$100 million Loan Facility maturing in August 2020 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on November 12, 2014) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 3.455%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$50 million with mark-to-market losses of Php25 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On September 4, 2014, PLDT entered into a six-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$25 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$50 million Loan Facility maturing in September 2020 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on December 2, 2014) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 3.455%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$25 million with mark-to-market losses of Php14 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On September 5, 2014, PLDT entered into a six-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$25 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$50 million Loan Facility maturing in September 2020 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on December 2, 2014) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 3.49%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$25 million with mark-to-market losses of Php16 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

The interest rate swap agreements outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were designated as cash flow hedges, wherein effective portion of the movements in the fair value is recognized in our consolidated other comprehensive income while any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in our consolidated income statement. The mark-to-market gains/losses of the interest rate swaps with aggregate notional amounts of US$243 million and US$120 million amounted to losses of Php71 million and gains of Php11 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The mark-to-market losses amounting to Php51 million and gains of Php14 million was recognized in our consolidated other comprehensive income as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Interest accrual on the interest swap amounting to Php20 million and Php3 million were recorded as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The ineffective portion of the movements in the fair value amounting to Php0.2 million and nil was recognized in our consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

On January 14, 2015, PLDT entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$50 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$300 million Loan Facility maturing in January 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on January 20, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.16%. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

441

On January 14, 2015, PLDT entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$50 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$300 million Loan Facility maturing in January 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on January 20, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.15%. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On January 23, 2015, PLDT entered into a two-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$30 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$150 million Loan Facility maturing in March 2017 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on March 10, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.11%. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On February 2, 2015, PLDT entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$20 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$300 million Loan Facility maturing in January 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, PLDT is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the three-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of three months commencing on April 16, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.14%. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

DMPI

On October 7, 2008, DMPI entered into an eight-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$54.1 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on the US$59.2 million Loan Facility maturing in March 2017 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, DMPI is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the US$ LIBOR rate as at the last Calculation Date and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 3.88%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$17 million and US$24 million with mark-to-market losses of the interest rate swap of Php37 million and Php70 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

442

On October 7, 2008, DMPI entered into an eight-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$46.5 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on the US$51.2 million Loan Facility maturing in June 2017 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, DMPI is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the US$ LIBOR rate as at the last Calculation Date and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 3.97%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$14 million and US$20 million with mark-to-market losses of the interest rate swap of Php32 million and Php60 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

The mark-to-market losses of the interest rate swaps with aggregate notional amounts of US$31 million and US$44 million amounted to Php69 million and Php130 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

PGIH

In November 2013, PGIH entered into a short-term currency swap contracts to generate short-term peso liquidity while preserving U.S. dollar cash for purposes of enhancing yields on the excess funds. The total outstanding swaps amounted to US$10 million with U.S. dollar forward purchase leg booked at an average exchange rate of Php43.78 resulting to mark-to-market gains of Php6 million as at December 31, 2013. The spot leg of these swaps were sold at an average exchange rate of Php43.83. There were no outstanding short-term currency swap contracts as at December 31, 2014.

Smart

On May 8, 2013, Smart entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$45 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on the outstanding balance of the US$60 million Loan Facility maturing in June 2016 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on December 6, 2013) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 1.527%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$22 million and US$37 million with mark-to-market losses of Php2 million and Php5 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On May 9, 2013, Smart entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$38 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on the outstanding balance of the US$50 million Loan Facility maturing in August 2016 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on February 19, 2014) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 1.4275%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$25 million and US$38 million with mark-to-market losses of Php3 million and Php6 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

443

On May 16, 2013, Smart entered into a four-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$44 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on the outstanding balance of the US$50 million Loan Facility maturing in May 2017 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on November 29, 2013) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 1.77%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement amounted to US$28 million and US$39 million with mark-to-market losses of Php2 million and Php6 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On July 18, 2013, Smart entered into a five-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$40 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$120 million Loan Facility maturing in June 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on March 25, 2014) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.36%. The outstanding notional amounts under this agreement each amounted to US$35 million and US$40 million with mark-to-market losses of Php11 million and Php26 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On August 14, 2014, Smart entered into a five-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$65 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the US$100 million Loan Facility maturing in March 2019 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on March 9, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.225%. The outstanding notional amount under this agreement amounted to US$65 million with mark-to-market losses of Php27 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On October 2, 2014, Smart entered into a four-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$50 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on the US$50 million Loan Facility maturing in May 2019 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on May 14, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.58%. The outstanding notional amount under this agreement amounted to US$50 million with mark-to-market losses of Php23 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On October 16, 2014, Smart entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$25 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$120 million Loan Facility maturing in June 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on June 22, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.155%. The outstanding notional amount under this agreement amounted to US$25 million with mark-to-market losses of Php3 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

444

On October 16, 2014, Smart entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$25 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$120 million Loan Facility maturing in June 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on June 22, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.142%. The outstanding notional amount under this agreement amounted to US$25 million with mark-to-market losses of Php3 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

On October 16, 2014, Smart entered into a three-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$20 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$120 million Loan Facility maturing in June 2018 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on June 22, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.135%. The outstanding notional amount under this agreement amounted to US$20 million with mark-to-market losses of Php2 million as at December 31, 2014. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

The interest rate swap agreements outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were designated as cash flow hedges, wherein the effective portion of the movements in fair value is recognized in our consolidated other comprehensive income while any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in our consolidated income statement. The mark-to-market losses of the interest rate swaps with aggregate notional amounts of US$295 million and US$154 million amounted to Php76 million and Php43 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The mark-to-market losses amounting to Php66 million and Php37 million was recognized in our consolidated other comprehensive income as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Interest accrual on the interest swap amounting to Php10 million and Php6 million were recorded as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. There were no ineffective portions of the movements in the fair value recognized in our consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

On January 7, 2015, Smart entered into a four-year interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of US$20 million to hedge its interest rate exposure on a portion of the outstanding balance of the US$100 million Loan Facility maturing in March 2019 into fixed interest rate. Under this agreement, Smart is entitled to receive a floating rate of equivalent to the six-month US$ LIBOR rate plus a margin at the end of each Calculation Period (comprising of successive periods of six months commencing on September 7, 2015) and in exchange, will pay a fixed rate of 2.2425%. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt.

445

Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies

Liquidity Risk

Our exposure to liquidity risk refers to the risk that our financial requirements, working capital requirements and planned capital expenditures are not met.

446

The following table discloses a summary of maturity profile of our financial assets based on our consolidated undiscounted claims outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Cash equivalents		19,843		19,843		—		—		—
Loans and receivables:		56,198		52,693		1,303		1,086		1,116
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,912		7,953		1,070		773		1,116
Short-term investments		18		18		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		—		233		313		—
Retail subscribers		17,053		17,053		—		—		—
Foreign administrations		8,420		8,420		—		—		—
Corporate subscribers		7,941		7,941		—		—		—
Domestic carriers		823		823		—		—		—
Dealers, agents and others		10,485		10,485		—		—		—
HTM investments:		709		295		264		—		150
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		295		264		—		150
Financial instruments at FVPL:		625		625		—		—		—
Short-term investments		625		625		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		—		—		—		28,086

Total		105,461		73,456		1,567		1,086		29,352


December 31, 2013
Cash equivalents		25,967		25,967		—		—		—
Loans and receivables:		44,771		40,202		2,819		1,608		142
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,384		7,987		958		1,297		142
Short-term investments		127		127		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		—		1,861		311		—
Retail subscribers		12,563		12,563		—		—		—
Corporate subscribers		7,904		7,904		—		—		—
Foreign administrations		5,840		5,840		—		—		—
Domestic carriers		1,461		1,461		—		—		—
Dealers, agents and others		4,320		4,320		—		—		—
HTM investments:		471		—		—		321		150
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		—		—		321		150
Financial instruments at FVPL:		591		591		—		—		—
Short-term investments		591		591		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		—		—		—		220

Total		72,020		66,760		2,819		1,929		512

447

The following table discloses a summary of maturity profile of our financial liabilities based on our consolidated contractual undiscounted obligations outstanding as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	Payments Due by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Debt⁽¹⁾:		157,607		575		71,798		27,100		58,134
Principal		130,634		377		57,918		21,107		51,232
Interest		26,973		198		13,880		5,993		6,902
Lease obligations:		18,190		9,446		4,302		2,132		2,310
Operating lease		18,184		9,446		4,296		2,132		2,310
Finance lease		6		—		6		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations⁽²⁾		211		72		45		45		49
Other obligations:		122,486		98,452		17,073		5,160		1,801
Derivative financial liabilities⁽³⁾:		2,057		131		1,926		—		—
Long-term currency swap		1,712		—		1,712		—		—
Interest rate swap		345		131		214		—		—
Various trade and other obligations:		120,429		98,321		15,147		5,160		1,801
Suppliers and contractors		55,288		35,857		14,356		5,075		—
Utilities and related expenses		35,049		35,021		6		5		17
Employee benefits		8,234		8,234		—		—		—
Liability from redemption of preferred shares		7,922		7,922		—		—		—
Carriers and other customers		2,799		2,799		—		—		—
Customers’ deposits		2,438		—		574		80		1,784
Dividends		1,070		1,070		—		—		—
Others		7,629		7,418		211		—		—

Total contractual obligations		298,494		108,545		93,218		34,437		62,294


December 31, 2013
Debt⁽¹⁾:		123,623		2,774		48,824		35,908		36,117
Principal		104,472		2,576		37,822		31,549		32,525
Interest		19,151		198		11,002		4,359		3,592
Lease obligations:		14,574		7,711		3,198		2,016		1,649
Operating lease		14,562		7,710		3,187		2,016		1,649
Finance lease		12		1		11		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations⁽²⁾		231		66		44		44		77
Other obligations:		109,405		84,869		14,841		7,627		2,068
Derivative financial liabilities⁽³⁾:		2,274		92		923		1,259		—
Long-term currency swap		2,086		—		833		1,253		—
Interest rate swap		188		92		90		6		—
Various trade and other obligations:		107,131		84,777		13,918		6,368		2,068
Suppliers and contractors		49,314		29,799		13,183		6,332		—
Utilities and related expenses		31,576		31,483		68		5		20
Liability from redemption of preferred shares		7,952		7,952		—		—		—
Employee benefits		5,350		5,350		—		—		—
Customers’ deposits		2,545		—		466		31		2,048
Carriers and other customers		2,264		2,264		—		—		—
Dividends		932		932		—		—		—
Others		7,198		6,997		201		—		—

Total contractual obligations		247,833		95,420		66,907		45,595		39,911

⁽¹⁾

Consists of long-term debt, including current portion; gross of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs.

⁽²⁾

Based on the Amended ATPA with AIL. See Note 25 — Related Party Transactions — Air Time Purchase Agreement between PLDT and AIL Related Party Agreements.

⁽³⁾

Gross liabilities before any offsetting application.

448

Debt

See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Long-term Debt for a detailed discussion of our debt.

Operating Lease Obligations

The consolidated future minimum lease commitments payable with non-cancellable operating leases as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


	2014		2013
	(in million pesos)
Within one year		9,570		7,809
After one year but not more than five years		6,304		5,104
More than five years		2,310		1,649

Total		18,184		14,562

Finance Lease Obligations

See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities – Obligations under Finance Leases for the detailed discussion of our long-term finance lease obligations.

Unconditional Purchase Obligations

See Note 25 – Related Party Transactions – Air Time Purchase Agreement between PLDT and AIL Related Agreements for a detailed discussion of PLDT’s obligation under the Original and the Amended ATPA.

Under the Amended ATPA, PLDT’s aggregate remaining minimum obligation is approximately Php211 million and Php231 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

449

Other Obligations – Various Trade and Other Obligations

Commercial Commitments

Collateral

We have not made any pledges as collateral with respect to our financial liabilities as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Foreign currency exchange risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates.

450

The following table shows our consolidated foreign currency-denominated monetary financial assets and liabilities and their Philippine peso equivalents as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014				2013
	U.S. Dollar		Php⁽¹⁾		U.S. Dollar		Php⁽²⁾
	(in millions)
Noncurrent Financial Assets
Available-for-sale financial investments		623		27,855		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		7		313		49		2,172
Derivative financial assets – net of current portion		2		94		1		24
Advances and other noncurrent assets – net of current portion		—		17		1		32

Total noncurrent financial assets		632		28,279		51		2,228

Current Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		149		6,665		145		6,450
Short-term investments		14		625		13		591
Trade and other receivables – net		210		9,414		173		7,685
Current portion of derivative financial assets		—		2		—		10
Current portion of advances and other noncurrent assets		—		10		—		—

Total current financial assets		373		16,716		331		14,736

Total Financial Assets		1,005		44,995		382		16,964


Noncurrent Financial Liabilities
Interest-bearing financial liabilities – net of current portion		1,046		46,812		1,047		46,477
Derivative financial liabilities – net of current portion		33		1,460		42		1,869

Total noncurrent financial liabilities		1,079		48,272		1,089		48,346

Current Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable		121		5,438		166		7,381
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		153		6,856		125		5,552
Current portion of interest-bearing financial liabilities		316		14,124		292		12,966
Current portion of derivative financial liabilities		6		254		2		105

Total current financial liabilities		596		26,672		585		26,004

Total Financial Liabilities		1,675		74,944		1,674		74,350

⁽¹⁾

⁽²⁾

451

As at March 25, 2014, the Philippine peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate was Php44.77 to US$1.00. Using this exchange rate, our consolidated net foreign currency-denominated financial liabilities would have increased in Philippine peso terms by Php20 million as at December 31, 2014.

Approximately 47% and 57% of our total consolidated debts (net of consolidated debt discount) were denominated in U.S. dollars as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Consolidated foreign currency-denominated debt increased to Php60,632 million as at December 31, 2014 from Php59,132 million as at December 31, 2013. See Note 21 – Interest-bearing Financial Liabilities. The aggregate notional amount of PLDT’s outstanding long-term principal only-currency swap contracts was US$202 million as at December 31, 2014 and 2013. Consequently, the unhedged portion of our consolidated debt amounts was approximately 40% (or 34%, net of our consolidated U.S. dollar cash balances) and 48% (or 41%, net of our consolidated U.S. dollar cash balances) as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

452

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of change in market interest rates.

Our exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to our long-term debt obligations and short-term borrowings with floating interest rates.

453

As at December 31, 2014


	In U.S. Dollars																			Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		Fair Value
	Below 1 year			1-2 years			2-3 years			3-5 years			Over 5 years			Total		In Php		Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		In U.S. Dollar		In Php
																				(in millions)
Assets:
Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		—			—			5			7			—			12		546		—		546		12		558
Interest rate		—			—			10.0000	%		3.5000 to 4.000	%		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		7			1			5			—			3			16		709		—		709		16		706
Interest rate		2.9310	%		4.2188	%		4.2500	%		—			4.8371	%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Cash in Bank
U.S. Dollar		23			—			—			—			—			23		1,044		—		1,044		23		1,044
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.5000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		82			—			—			—			—			82		3,675		—		3,675		82		3,675
Interest rate		0.0010% to 1.5500	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Other Currencies		1			—			—			—			—			1		23		—		23		1		23
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.5000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Temporary Cash Investments
U.S. Dollar		88			—			—			—			—			88		3,929		—		3,929		88		3,929
Interest rate		0.2500% to 1.5000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		356			—			—			—			—			356		15,914		—		15,914		356		15,914
Interest rate		0.5000% to 5.0000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Short-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		14			—			—			—			—			14		625		—		625		14		625
Interest rate		4.9570	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—			—			—			—			—			—		18		—		18		—		18
Interest rate		1.3750	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—

		571			1			10			7			3			592		26,483		—		26,483		592		26,492


Liabilities:
Long-term Debt
Fixed Rate
U.S. Dollar Notes		—			—			228			—			—			228		10,218		48		10,170		263		11,738
Interest rate		—			—			8.3500	%		—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
U.S. Dollar Fixed Loans		5			61			26			20			—			112		4,998		74		4,924		111		4,972
Interest rate		2.9900	%		1.4100% to 3.9550	%		1.4100% to 3.9550	%		1.4100% to 3.9550	%		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—			31			184			331			823			1,369		61,240		173		61,067		1,403		62,780
Interest rate		—			3.9250% to 6.2600	%		3.9250% to 6.3462	%		3.9250% to 6.3462	%		4.4850% to 6.3462	%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Variable Rate
U.S. Dollar		4			546			213			116			143			1,022		45,728		190		45,538		1,022		45,728
Interest rate		0.3500% to 0.5500 over LIBOR	%		0.3000% to 1.9000 over LIBOR	%		0.3000% to 1.9000 over LIBOR	%		0.9500% to 1.8000 over LIBOR	%		1.4000% to 1.4500 over LIBOR	%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—			4			2			4			179			189		8,450		26		8,424		189		8,450
Interest rate		—			BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate			BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate			BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate			BSP overnight rate - 0.3500% to BSP overnight rate			—		—		—		—		—		—

		9			642			653			471			1,145			2,920		130,634		511		130,123		2,988		133,668

454

As at December 31, 2013


	In U.S. Dollars																			Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		Fair Value
	Below 1 year			1-2 years			2-3 years			3-5 years			Over 5 years			Total		In Php		Discount/ Debt Issuance Cost In Php		Carrying Value In Php		In U.S. Dollar		In Php
																				(in millions)
Assets:
Investment in Debt Securities and Other Long-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		—			—			42			7			—			49		2,172		—		2,172		49		2,185
Interest rate		—			—			10.0000	%		3.5000 to 4.000	%		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		—			—			—			7			3			10		471		—		471		11		483
Interest rate		—			—			—			4.2500	%		4.8370	%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Cash in Bank
U.S. Dollar		20			—			—			—			—			20		882		—		882		20		882
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.7500	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		97			—			—			—			—			97		4,303		—		4,303		97		4,303
Interest rate		0.0010% to 2.0000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Other Currencies		2			—			—			—			—			2		96		—		96		2		96
Interest rate		0.0100% to 0.5000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Temporary Cash Investments
U.S. Dollar		116			—			—			—			—			116		5,164		—		5,164		116		5,164
Interest rate		0.2500% to 4.0000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		469			—			—			—			—			469		20,803		—		20,803		469		20,803
Interest rate		0.5600% to 4.7500	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Short-term Investments
U.S. Dollar		13			—			—			—			—			13		591		—		591		13		591
Interest rate		0.6050	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		3			—			—			—			—			3		127		—		127		3		127
Interest rate		1.5000	%		—			—			—			—			—		—		—		—		—		—

		720			—			42			14			3			779		34,609		—		34,609		780		34,634


Liabilities:
Long-term Debt
Fixed Rate
U.S. Dollar Notes		—			—			—			234			—			234		10,401		67		10,334		274		12,160
Interest rate		—			—			—			8.3500	%		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
U.S. Dollar Fixed Loans		—			65			26			33			—			124		5,493		99		5,394		126		5,598
Interest rate		—			1.4100% to 3.9550	%		1.4100% to 3.9550	%		1.4100% to 3.9550	%		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		17			29			14			197			647			904		40,125		46		40,079		949		42,120
Interest rate		6.3981	%		3.9250% to 6.2600	%		3.9250% to 6.2600	%		3.9250% to 6.3462	%		3.9250% to 6.3462	%		—		—		—		—		—		—
Variable Rate
U.S. Dollar		21			480			235			245			—			981		43,560		156		43,404		981		43,560
Interest rate		0.3500% to 1.8000% over LIBOR			0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR			0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR			0.3000% to 1.9000% over LIBOR			—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Philippine Peso		20			2			1			1			86			110		4,893		14		4,879		110		4,893
Interest rate		PHP PDST-F + 0.3000	%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500	%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500	%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500	%		BSP overnight rate - 0.3500	%		—		—		—		—		—		—

		58			576			276			710			733			2,353		104,472		382		104,090		2,440		108,331

455

Fixed rate financial instruments are subject to fair value interest rate risk while floating rate financial instruments are subject to cash flow interest rate risk.

Management conducted a survey among our banks to determine the outlook of the U.S. dollar and Philippine peso interest rates until March 31, 2015. Our outlook is that the U.S. dollar and Philippine peso interest rates may move 70 basis points, or bps, and 30 bps higher/lower, respectively, as compared to levels as at December 31, 2014. If U.S. dollar interest rates had been 70 bps higher/lower as compared to market levels as at December 31, 2014, with all other variables held constant, profit after tax for the year end and our consolidated stockholders’ equity as at year end 2014 would have been approximately Php156 million and Php35 thousand, respectively, lower/higher, mainly as a result of higher/lower interest expense on floating rate borrowings and loss/gain on derivative transactions. If Philippine peso interest rates had been 30 bps higher/lower as compared to market levels as at December 31, 2014, with all other variables held constant, profit after tax for the year end and our consolidated stockholders’ equity as at year end 2014 would have been approximately Php41 million lower/higher, mainly as a result of higher/lower interest expense on floating rate borrowings and loss/gain on derivative transactions.

Credit Risk

456


	December 31, 2014
	Gross Maximum Exposure		Collateral and Other Credit Enhancements*		Net Maximum Exposure
	(in million pesos)
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		266		26,393
Loans and receivables:
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,711		1		10,710
Short-term investments		18		—		18
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		—		546
Retail subscribers		8,920		46		8,874
Foreign administrations		7,872		—		7,872
Corporate subscribers		3,615		139		3,476
Domestic carriers		730		—		730
Dealers, agents and others		8,014		1		8,013
HTM investments:
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		—		709
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		—		28,086
Financial instruments at FVPL:
Short-term investments		625		—		625
Derivatives used for hedging:
Interest rate swap		96		—		96

Total		96,601		453		96,148

*	Includes bank insurance, security deposits and customer deposits. We have no collateral held as at December 31, 2014.


	December 31, 2013
	Gross Maximum Exposure		Collateral and Other Credit Enhancements*		Net Maximum Exposure
	(in million pesos)
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		241		31,664
Loans and receivables:
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,272		—		10,272
Short-term investments		127		—		127
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		—		2,172
Foreign administrations		5,721		—		5,721
Retail subscribers		5,414		41		5,373
Corporate subscribers		2,055		135		1,920
Domestic carriers		1,381		—		1,381
Dealers, agents and others		2,993		1		2,992
HTM investments:
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		—		471
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		—		220
Financial instruments at FVPL:
Short-term investments		591		—		591
Short-term currency swaps		10		—		10
Derivatives used for hedging:
Interest rate swap		24		—		24

Total		63,356		418		62,938

*	Includes bank insurance, security deposits and customer deposits. We have no collateral held as at December 31, 2013.

457

The table below provides information regarding the credit quality by class of our financial assets according to our credit ratings of counterparties as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


			Neither past due nor impaired				Past due but
	Total		Class A⁽¹⁾		Class B⁽²⁾		not impaired		Impaired
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		23,952		2,707		—		—
Loans and receivables:		56,198		19,778		8,376		12,272		15,772
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,912		8,978		1,732		1		201
Short-term investments		18		18		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		546		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		17,053		2,115		2,894		3,911		8,133
Foreign administrations		8,420		2,825		535		4,512		548
Corporate subscribers		7,941		1,008		654		1,953		4,326
Domestic carriers		823		90		158		482		93
Dealers, agents and others		10,485		4,198		2,403		1,413		2,471
HTM investments:		709		709		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		709		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		28,024		62		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL⁽³⁾:		625		625		—		—		—
Short-term investments		625		625		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		96		96		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		96		96		—		—		—

Total		112,373		73,184		11,145		12,272		15,772


December 31, 2013
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		29,129		2,776		—		—
Loans and receivables:		44,771		17,233		4,996		7,906		14,636
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,384		10,241		22		9		112
Short-term investments		127		127		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		2,172		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		12,563		1,318		1,822		2,274		7,149
Corporate subscribers		7,904		698		343		1,014		5,849
Foreign administrations		5,840		1,242		1,765		2,714		119
Domestic carriers		1,461		350		22		1,009		80
Dealers, agents and others		4,320		1,085		1,022		886		1,327
HTM investments:		471		471		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		471		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		166		54		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL⁽³⁾:		601		601		—		—		—
Short-term investments		591		591		—		—		—
Short-term currency swaps		10		10		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		24		24		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		24		24		—		—		—

Total		77,992		47,624		7,826		7,906		14,636

⁽¹⁾

⁽²⁾

⁽³⁾

Gross receivables from counterparties, before any offsetting arrangements.

458

The aging analysis of past due but not impaired class of financial assets as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:


					Past due but not impaired
	Total		Neither past due nor impaired		1-60 days		61-90 days		Over 91 days		Impaired
	(in million pesos)
December 31, 2014
Cash and cash equivalents		26,659		26,659		—		—		—		—
Loans and receivables:		56,198		28,154		5,285		1,149		5,838		15,772
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,912		10,710		—		—		1		201
Short-term investments		18		18		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		546		546		—		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		17,053		5,009		1,949		325		1,637		8,133
Foreign administrations		8,420		3,360		932		468		3,112		548
Corporate subscribers		7,941		1,662		951		234		768		4,326
Domestic carriers		823		248		166		97		219		93
Dealers, agents and others		10,485		6,601		1,287		25		101		2,471
HTM investments:		709		709		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		709		709		—		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		28,086		28,086		—		—		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL:		625		625		—		—		—		—
Short-term investments		625		625		—		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		96		96		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		96		96		—		—		—		—

Total		112,373		84,329		5,285		1,149		5,838		15,772


December 31, 2013
Cash and cash equivalents		31,905		31,905		—		—		—		—
Loans and receivables:		44,771		22,229		3,303		787		3,816		14,636
Advances and other noncurrent assets		10,384		10,263		1		—		8		112
Short-term investments		127		127		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		2,172		2,172		—		—		—		—
Retail subscribers		12,563		3,140		1,615		172		487		7,149
Corporate subscribers		7,904		1,041		384		224		406		5,849
Foreign administrations		5,840		3,007		740		158		1,816		119
Domestic carriers		1,461		372		129		134		746		80
Dealers, agents and others		4,320		2,107		434		99		353		1,327
HTM investments:		471		471		—		—		—		—
Investment in debt securities and other long-term investments		471		471		—		—		—		—
Available-for-sale financial investments		220		220		—		—		—		—
Financial instruments at FVPL:		601		601		—		—		—		—
Short-term investments		591		591		—		—		—		—
Short-term currency swaps		10		10		—		—		—		—
Derivatives used for hedging:		24		24		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		24		24		—		—		—		—

Total		77,992		55,450		3,303		787		3,816		14,636

459

Impairment Assessments

Individually assessed allowance

Collectively assessed allowances

460

Capital Management Risk

We aim to achieve an optimal capital structure in pursuit of our business objectives which include maintaining healthy capital ratios and strong credit ratings, and maximizing shareholder value.

We monitor capital using several financial leverage measurements calculated in conformity with PFRS, such as net consolidated debt to equity ratio. Net consolidated debt is derived by deducting cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments from total debt (long-term debt including current portion), excluding discontinued operations. Our objective is to maintain our net consolidated debt to equity ratio below 100%.

461

The table below provides information regarding our consolidated debt to equity ratio as at December 31, 2014 and 2013:


	2014			2013
	(in million pesos)
Long-term debt including current portion (Note 21)		130,123			104,090
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 16)		(26,659	)		(31,905	)
Short-term investments		(643	)		(718	)

Net consolidated debt		102,821			71,467


Equity attributable to equity holders of PLDT		134,364			137,147

Net consolidated debt to equity ratio		77	%		52	%

No changes were made in our objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

462

Item 19.

Exhibits

See Item 18. “Financial Statements” above for details of the financial statements filed as part of this annual report.

Exhibits to this report:


1(a).		Amended Articles of Incorporation (as amended on June 10, 2014)

1(b).		Amended By-Laws (incorporated by reference to PLDT’s Form 20-F as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2014)

2(a).		Terms and Conditions of the Voting Preferred Stock of PLDT

2(b).		We have not included as exhibits certain instruments with respect to our long-term debt, the amount of debt authorized under each of which does not exceed 10% of our total assets, and we agree to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

4.		Material Contracts

6.		Computation of Earnings Per Share is included in Note 8 to the Audited Financial Statements

7.		Calculation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

8.		Subsidiaries

12.1		Certification of CEO required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act

12.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act

13.1		Certification of CEO required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act

13.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act

463

SIGNATURE

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

March 26, 2015


PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE COMPANY

By:		/s/ Ma. Lourdes C. Rausa-Chan
		MA. LOURDES C. RAUSA-CHAN
		Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs and Legal
		Services Head and Corporate Secretary

EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibit

1(a)		Amended Articles of Incorporation (as amended on June 10, 2014)

1(b)		Amended By-Laws (incorporated by reference to PLDT’s Form 20-F as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 2, 2014)

2		We have not included as exhibits certain instruments with respect to our long-term debt, the amount of debt authorized under each of which does not exceed 10% of our total assets, and we agree to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

4(a)		Stock Purchase and Strategic Investment Agreement, dated September 28, 1999, by and among PLDT, First Pacific Limited, Metro Pacific Corporation, Metro Pacific Asia Link Holdings, Inc., Metro Pacific Resources, Inc. and NTT Communications Corporation (incorporated by reference to PLDT’s Form 6-K for the month of September 1999)

4(b)		Executive Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to PLDT’s Form 20-F as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in May 2001)

4(c)		Master Restructuring Agreement, dated June 21, 2000, as amended on December 12, 2000 and December 19, 2000, between PCEV, PCEV (Cayman) Limited, PLDT, The Chase Manhattan Bank, as escrow agent, Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company, as administrative agent and the creditors named therein (incorporated by reference to PLDT’s Form 20-F as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in May 2001)

4(d)		The Cooperation Agreement, dated January 31, 2006, entered into by and among PLDT, First Pacific, Metro Pacific Corporation, Metro Asia Link Holdings, Inc., Metro Pacific Resources, Inc., Larouge B.V., Metro Pacific Assets Holdings, Inc., NTT Communications and NTT DOCOMO (incorporated by reference to Schedule 13D/A (Amendment No. 2) as filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation and NTT Communications Corporation on January 31, 2006)

4(e)		Deed of Assignment dated April 30, 2013 between SPi Global Holdings, Inc. and Asia Outsourcing Philippines Holdings, Inc.

4(f)		Investment Agreement, dated as of August 6, 2014, among Global Founders GmbH, Emesco AB, AI European S.a.r.l, Rocket Beteiligungs GmbH, PLDT and Rocket Internet AG

4(g)		First Addendum to Investment Agreement, dated as of August 15, 2014, among Global Founders GmbH, Emesco AB, AI European S.a.r.l, Rocket Beteiligungs GmbH, PLDT and Rocket Internet AG

4(h)		Joint Venture Agreement, dated as of August 6, 2014, between PLDT and Rocket Internet AG

6		Computation of Earnings Per Share is included in Note 8 to the Audited Financial Statements

7		Calculation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

8		Subsidiaries

12.1		Certification of CEO required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act

12.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act

13.1		Certification of CEO required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act

13.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act