Edgar Filing: KKR & Co. Inc.

Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the Transition period from to .

Commission File Number 001-34820

KKR & CO. INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		26-0426107
(State or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

9 West 57^th Street, Suite 4200

New York, New York 10019

Telephone: (212) 750-8300

(Address, zip code, and telephone number, including

area code, of registrant's principal executive office.)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer ý	Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o
	Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock	KKR	New York Stock Exchange
6.75% Series A Preferred Stock	KKR PR A	New York Stock Exchange
6.50% Series B Preferred Stock	KKR PR B	New York Stock Exchange

As of May 2, 2019, there were 543,943,670 shares of Class A common stock of the registrant outstanding.

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KKR & CO. INC.

FORM 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS



		Page
	PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited) as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	7

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	8

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	9

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	11

	Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited)	13

Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	56

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	106

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	106

	PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	107

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	107

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	108

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	109

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	109

Item 5.	Other Information	109

Item 6.	Exhibits	109

SIGNATURES		110

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, our operations and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as "outlook," "believe," "expect," "potential," "continue," "may," "should," "seek," "approximately," "predict," "intend," "will," "plan," "estimate," "anticipate," the negative version of these words, other comparable words or other statements that do not relate strictly to historical or factual matters. Without limiting the foregoing, statements regarding the declaration and payment of dividends on common or preferred stock of KKR, the timing, manner and volume of repurchases of common stock pursuant to a repurchase program, and the expected synergies and benefits from acquisitions, reorganizations or strategic partnerships, may constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements or cause the anticipated benefits and synergies from transactions to not be realized. We believe these factors include those described under the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (our "Annual Report"). These factors should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this report, our Annual Report and in our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law.

In this report, references to "KKR," "we," "us" and "our" refer to (i) KKR & Co. Inc. and its subsidiaries following the conversion from a Delaware limited partnership named KKR & Co. L.P. into a Delaware corporation named KKR & Co. Inc. on July 1, 2018 (the "Conversion") and (ii) KKR & Co. L.P. and its subsidiaries prior to the Conversion, in each case, except where the context requires otherwise. KKR & Co. L.P. became listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") on July 15, 2010 under the symbol "KKR." KKR Management Holdings L.P., KKR Fund Holdings L.P. and KKR International Holdings L.P. are together referred to in this report as the "KKR Group Partnerships." Each KKR Group Partnership has an identical number of partner interests and, when held together, one Class A partner interest in each of the KKR Group Partnerships together represents one "KKR Group Partnership Unit." In connection with the 6.75% Series A Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock") and 6.50% Series B Preferred Stock ("Series B Preferred Stock") of KKR & Co. Inc., the KKR Group Partnerships have outstanding preferred units with economic terms designed to mirror those of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, respectively. References to our Class A common stock, Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock for periods prior to the Conversion mean the common units, Series A preferred units and Series B preferred units of KKR & Co. L.P., respectively.

References to the "Class B Stockholder" are to KKR Management LLC, the holder of the sole share of our Class B common stock, and unless otherwise indicated, references to equity interests in KKR's business, or to percentage interests in KKR's business, reflect the aggregate equity interests in the KKR Group Partnerships and are net of amounts that have been allocated to our principals and other employees and non-employee operating consultants in respect of the carried interest from KKR's business as part of our "carry pool" and certain minority interests. References to "principals" are to our senior employees and non-employee operating consultants who hold interests in KKR's business through KKR Holdings L.P. ("KKR Holdings") and references to our "senior principals" are to our senior employees who hold interests in the Class B Stockholder.

References to "non-employee operating consultants" include employees of KKR Capstone, who are not employees of KKR. KKR Capstone refers to a group of entities that are owned and controlled by their senior management. KKR Capstone is not a subsidiary or affiliate of KKR. KKR Capstone operates under several consulting agreements with KKR and uses the "KKR" name under license from KKR. KKR is in the process of evaluating a potential acquisition of KKR Capstone.

In this report, the term "GAAP" refers to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We disclose certain financial measures in this report that are calculated and presented using methodologies other than in accordance with GAAP. We believe that providing these performance measures on a supplemental basis to our GAAP results is helpful to stockholders in assessing the overall performance of KKR's businesses. These financial measures should not be considered as a substitute for similar financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, if available. We caution readers that these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from the calculations of other investment managers, and as a result, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other investment managers. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial

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measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, where applicable, are included within Note 14 "Segment Reporting" to our condensed consolidated financial statements and under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Segment and Other Operating and Performance Measures" and "—Segment Balance Sheet."

This report uses the terms assets under management ("AUM"), fee paying assets under management ("FPAUM"), after-tax distributable earnings, fee related earnings ("FRE"), capital invested, syndicated capital, and book value. You should note that our calculations of these financial measures and other financial measures may differ from the calculations of other investment managers and, as a result, our financial measures may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other investment managers. These and other financial measures are defined in the section "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Segment and Other Operating and Performance Measures" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation—Segment Balance Sheet."

References to our "funds" or our "vehicles" refer to investment funds, vehicles and accounts advised, sponsored or managed by one or more subsidiaries of KKR, including collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs") and commercial real estate mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") vehicles, unless the context requires otherwise. They do not include investment funds, vehicles or accounts of any hedge fund manager with which we have formed a strategic partnership where we have acquired a non-controlling interest.

Unless otherwise indicated, references in this report to our fully exchanged and diluted Class A common stock outstanding, or to our Class A common stock outstanding on a fully exchanged and diluted basis, reflect (i) actual shares of Class A common stock outstanding, (ii) shares of Class A common stock into which KKR Group Partnership Units not held by us are exchangeable pursuant to the terms of the exchange agreement described in our Annual Report, (iii) shares of Class A common stock issuable in respect of exchangeable equity securities issued in connection with the acquisition of Avoca Capital ("Avoca"), all of which have been exchanged as of December 31, 2018, and (iv) Class A common stock issuable pursuant to any equity awards actually granted from the Amended and Restated KKR & Co. Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2010 Equity Incentive Plan") or the KKR & Co. Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2019 Equity Incentive Plan" and, together with the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, our "Equity Incentive Plans"). Our fully exchanged and diluted Class A common stock outstanding does not include (i) shares of Class A common stock available for issuance pursuant to the Equity Incentive Plans for which equity awards have not yet been granted and (ii) shares of Class A common stock that we have the option to issue in connection with our acquisition of additional interests in Marshall Wace LLP (together with its affiliates, "Marshall Wace").

The use of any defined term in this report to mean more than one entities, persons, securities or other items collectively is solely for convenience of reference and in no way implies that such entities, persons, securities or other items are one indistinguishable group. For example, notwithstanding the use of the defined terms "KKR," "we" and "our" in this report to refer to KKR & Co. Inc. and its subsidiaries, each subsidiary of KKR & Co. Inc. is a standalone legal entity that is separate and distinct from KKR & Co. Inc. and any of its other subsidiaries.

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in Thousands, Except Share Data)



	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	1,808,368		$	1,751,287
Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Entities	911,450			693,860
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	66,950			196,365
Investments	45,795,254			44,907,982
Due from Affiliates	734,195			657,189
Other Assets	2,687,802			2,536,692
Total Assets	$	52,004,019		$	50,743,375

Liabilities and Equity
Debt Obligations	$	22,262,369		$	22,341,192
Due to Affiliates	254,781			275,584
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities	3,279,028			2,743,990
Total Liabilities	25,796,178			25,360,766

Commitments and Contingencies

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	—			1,122,641

Stockholders' Equity ⁽¹⁾
Series A and B Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value. 13,800,000 and 6,200,000 shares, respectively, issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.	482,554			482,554
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value. 3,500,000,000 shares authorized, 533,922,902 and 534,857,237 shares, issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.	5,339			5,349
Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value. 1 share authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.	—			—
Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value. 499,999,999 shares authorized, 298,645,285 and 299,081,239 shares, issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.	2,987			2,991
Additional Paid-In Capital	8,145,133			8,106,408
Retained Earnings	726,312			91,953
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	(39,954		)	(39,645		)
Total KKR & Co. Inc. Stockholders' Equity	9,322,371			8,649,610
Noncontrolling Interests	16,885,470			15,610,358
Total Equity	26,207,841			24,259,968
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	52,004,019		$	50,743,375


(1)	See Note 1 "Organization."

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

(Amounts in Thousands)

The following presents the portion of the consolidated balances presented in the consolidated statements of financial condition attributable to consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. KKR's consolidated VIEs consist primarily of (i) certain collateralized financing entities ("CFEs") holding collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs") and commercial real estate mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") and (ii) certain investment funds. With respect to consolidated VIEs, the following assets may only be used to settle obligations of these consolidated VIEs and the following liabilities are only the obligations of these consolidated VIEs. The noteholders, limited partners and other creditors of these VIEs have no recourse to KKR's general assets. Additionally, KKR has no right to the benefits from, nor does KKR bear the risks associated with, the assets held by these VIEs beyond KKR's beneficial interest therein and any income generated from the VIEs. There are neither explicit arrangements nor does KKR hold implicit variable interests that would require KKR to provide any material ongoing financial support to the consolidated VIEs, beyond amounts previously committed, if any.



	March 31, 2019
	Consolidated CFEs		Consolidated KKR Funds and Other Entities		Total
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Entities	$	641,685	$	84,032	$	725,717
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	—		35,692		35,692
Investments	15,021,345		15,294,693		30,316,038
Due from Affiliates	—		11,181		11,181
Other Assets	166,373		224,172		390,545
Total Assets	$	15,829,403	$	15,649,770	$	31,479,173

Liabilities
Debt Obligations	$	14,472,392	$	1,024,369	$	15,496,761
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities	576,009		70,232		646,241
Total Liabilities	$	15,048,401	$	1,094,601	$	16,143,002



	December 31, 2018
	Consolidated CFEs		Consolidated KKR Funds and Other Entities		Total
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Entities	$	428,850	$	176,264	$	605,114
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	—		174,057		174,057
Investments	14,733,423		15,585,629		30,319,052
Due from Affiliates	—		11,832		11,832
Other Assets	148,221		223,054		371,275
Total Assets	$	15,310,494	$	16,170,836	$	31,481,330

Liabilities
Debt Obligations	$	13,958,554	$	1,392,987	$	15,351,541
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities	579,408		126,333		705,741
Total Liabilities	$	14,537,962	$	1,519,320	$	16,057,282

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in Thousands, Except Share Data)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Revenues
Fees and Other	$	372,548		$	394,394
Capital Allocation-Based Income	814,932			78,212
Total Revenues	1,187,480			472,606

Expenses
Compensation and Benefits	544,562			298,136
Occupancy and Related Charges	14,690			14,215
General, Administrative and Other	169,515			124,250
Total Expenses	728,767			436,601

Investment Income (Loss)
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities	1,203,878			472,800
Dividend Income	22,625			33,064
Interest Income	358,511			298,256
Interest Expense	(249,088		)	(219,590		)
Total Investment Income (Loss)	1,335,926			584,530

Income (Loss) Before Taxes	1,794,639			620,535

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	167,593			17,641

Net Income (Loss)	1,627,046			602,894
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	—			25,674
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	917,727			398,777
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR & Co. Inc.	709,319			178,443

Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	5,822			5,822
Series B Preferred Stock Dividends	2,519			2,519

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR & Co. Inc. Class A Common Stockholders	$	700,978		$	170,102

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR & Co. Inc. Per Share of Class A Common Stock
Basic	$	1.31		$	0.36
Diluted	$	1.27		$	0.32
Weighted Average Shares of Class A Common Stock Outstanding
Basic	533,892,474			487,704,838
Diluted	550,046,440			535,918,274

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in Thousands)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Net Income (Loss)	$	1,627,046	$	602,894

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:

Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	2,366		3,624

Comprehensive Income (Loss)	1,629,412		606,518

Less: Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	—		25,674
Less: Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	920,359		398,050

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR & Co. Inc.	$	709,053	$	182,794

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in Thousands, Except Share Data)

The statement below for the three months ended March 31, 2018 represents KKR & Co. Inc. as a partnership prior to the Conversion:




	KKR & Co. L.P.
	Common Units	Capital - Common Unitholders			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Capital - Common Units			Capital - Series A Preferred Units			Capital - Series B Preferred Units			Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity			Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
Balance at January 1, 2018	486,174,736	$	6,722,863		$	(19,481	)	$	6,703,382		$	332,988		$	149,566		$	12,866,324		$	20,052,260		$	610,540
Net Income (Loss)		170,102						170,102			5,822			2,519			398,777			577,220			25,674
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)- Foreign Currency Translation (Net of Tax)					4,351			4,351									(727		)	3,624
Exchange of KKR Holdings L.P. Units and Other Securities to KKR & Co. L.P. Common Units	3,067,306	51,221			(132		)	51,089									(51,089		)	—
Tax Effects Resulting from Exchange of KKR Holdings L.P. Units and Other		4,205			17			4,222												4,222
Equity-Based and Other Non-Cash Compensation		67,796						67,796									32,695			100,491
Capital Contributions								—									1,270,723			1,270,723			56,950
Capital Distributions		(82,757		)				(82,757		)	(5,822		)	(2,519		)	(839,134		)	(930,232		)	(2,534		)
Balance at March 31, 2018	489,242,042	$	6,933,430		$	(15,245	)	$	6,918,185		$	332,988		$	149,566		$	13,677,569		$	21,078,308		$	690,630

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

(Amounts in Thousands, Except Share Data)

The statement below represents KKR & Co. Inc. as a corporation subsequent to the Conversion for the three months ended March 31, 2019:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Amounts			Shares
Preferred Stock
Beginning of Period	482,554			20,000,000
End of Period	482,554			20,000,000
Class A Common Stock
Beginning of Period	5,349			534,857,237
Exchange of KKR Holdings Units	4			435,954
Repurchases of Class A Common Stock	(14		)	(1,370,289	)
End of Period	5,339			533,922,902
Class B Common Stock
Beginning of Period	—			1
End of Period	—			1
Class C Common Stock
Beginning of Period	2,991			299,081,239
Cancellation of Class C Common Stock	(4		)	(435,954	)
End of Period	2,987			298,645,285
Additional Paid-In Capital
Beginning of Period	8,106,408
Exchange of KKR Holdings Units	7,137
Tax Effects Resulting from Exchange of KKR Holdings Units and Other	5,255
Repurchases of Class A Common Stock	(28,552		)
Equity-Based Compensation	54,885
End of Period	8,145,133
Retained Earnings
Beginning of Period	91,953
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to KKR & Co. Inc.	709,319
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends ($0.421875 per share)	(5,822		)
Series B Preferred Stock Dividends ($0.406250 per share)	(2,519		)
Common Stock Dividends ($0.125 per share)	(66,619		)
End of Period	726,312
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Beginning of Period	(39,645		)
Foreign Currency Translation	(266		)
Exchange of KKR Holdings Units to Class A Common Stock	(43		)
End of Period	(39,954		)
Total KKR & Co. Inc. Stockholders' Equity	9,322,371
Noncontrolling Interests (See Note 15 "Equity")	16,885,470
Total Equity	$	26,207,841

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in Thousands)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Operating Activities
Net Income (Loss)	$	1,627,046		$	602,894
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Net Cash Provided (Used) by Operating Activities:
Equity-Based and Other Non-Cash Compensation	78,268			96,227
Net Realized (Gains) Losses on Investments	(129,781		)	(30,380		)
Change in Unrealized (Gains) Losses on Investments	(1,074,097		)	(442,420		)
Capital Allocation-Based Income	(814,932		)	(78,212		)
Other Non-Cash Amounts	(12,111		)	74,156
Cash Flows Due to Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities:
Change in Consolidation and Other	(137,498		)	—
Change in Due from / to Affiliates	(100,529		)	(71,686		)
Change in Other Assets	68,077			420,004
Change in Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities	381,421			(41,480		)
Investments Purchased	(5,301,227		)	(9,515,686		)
Proceeds from Investments	5,571,641			6,829,083
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Operating Activities	156,278			(2,157,500		)

Investing Activities
Purchases of Fixed Assets	(19,455		)	(8,670		)
Development of Oil and Natural Gas Properties	(451		)	—
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Investing Activities	(19,906		)	(8,670		)

Financing Activities
Preferred Stock Dividends	(8,341		)	(8,341		)
Common Stock Dividends	(66,619		)	(82,757		)
Distributions to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	—			(2,534		)
Contributions from Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	—			56,950
Distributions to Noncontrolling Interests	(856,086		)	(839,134		)
Contributions from Noncontrolling Interests	1,194,815			1,263,774
Repurchases of Class A Common Stock	(28,566		)	—
Proceeds from Debt Obligations	1,581,043			3,588,463
Repayment of Debt Obligations	(1,806,203		)	(2,750,750		)
Financing Costs Paid	(2,795		)	(7,500		)
Net Cash Provided (Used) by Financing Activities	7,248			1,218,171

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	1,636			20,902

Net Increase/(Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	145,256			(927,097		)
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, Beginning of Period	2,641,512			3,735,361
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of Period	$	2,786,768		$	2,808,264

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

(Amounts in Thousands)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Payments for Interest	$	240,889		$	207,703
Payments for Income Taxes	$	8,901		$	19,295
Payments for Operating Lease Liabilities	$	12,291		$	—
Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Equity-Based and Other Non-Cash Contributions	$	78,003		$	100,491
Non-Cash Contributions from Noncontrolling Interests	$	—		$	6,949
Debt Obligations - Net Gains (Losses), Translation and Other	$	(148,312	)	$	(11,724	)
Tax Effects Resulting from Exchange of KKR Holdings L.P. Units and delivery of Class A Common Stock	$	5,255		$	4,222

Change in Consolidation and Other
Investments	$	(1,014,813	)	$	—
Due From Affiliates	$	1,642		$	—
Other Assets	$	(19,703	)	$	—
Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities	$	(47,731	)	$	—
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	$	(1,122,641	)	$	—

	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Reconciliation to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	1,808,368		$	1,751,287
Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Entities	911,450			693,860
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	66,950			196,365
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of Period	$	2,786,768		$	2,641,512

See notes to financial statements.

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KKR & CO. INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

(All Amounts in Thousands, Except Unit and Share Data, and Except Where Noted)

1. ORGANIZATION

KKR & Co. Inc. (NYSE: KKR), together with its subsidiaries ("KKR"), is a leading global investment firm that manages multiple alternative asset classes including private equity, energy, infrastructure, real estate and credit, with strategic partners that manage hedge funds. KKR aims to generate attractive investment returns for its fund investors by following a patient and disciplined investment approach, employing world-class people, and driving growth and value creation with KKR's portfolio companies. KKR invests its own capital alongside the capital it manages for fund investors and provides financing solutions and investment opportunities through its capital markets business.

On July 1, 2018, KKR & Co. L.P. converted from a Delaware limited partnership to a Delaware corporation named KKR & Co. Inc. (the "Conversion"). Because the Conversion became effective on July 1, 2018, the prior period amounts in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2018, reflect KKR as a limited partnership and not a corporation. In this report, references to KKR & Co. Inc. for periods prior to the Conversion mean KKR & Co. L.P., and references to KKR's Class A common stock, Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock for periods prior to the Conversion mean common units, Series A preferred units and Series B preferred units of KKR & Co. L.P., respectively, in each case, except where the context requires otherwise. As a result of the Conversion, the financial impact to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein consisted of (i) reclassifications from partnership equity accounts to equity accounts reflective of a corporation and (ii) a partial step-up in the tax basis of certain assets resulting in the recognition of a net income tax benefit.

KKR & Co. Inc. is the parent company of KKR Group Holdings Corp., which is (i) a general partner of KKR Fund Holdings L.P. ("Fund Holdings") and KKR International Holdings L.P. ("International Holdings") and (ii) the sole stockholder of KKR Management Holdings Corp. (the general partner of KKR Management Holdings L.P. ("Management Holdings")) and KKR Fund Holdings GP Limited (the other general partner of Fund Holdings and International Holdings). Fund Holdings, Management Holdings and International Holdings are collectively referred to as the "KKR Group Partnerships."

KKR & Co. Inc. both indirectly controls the KKR Group Partnerships and indirectly holds Class A partner units in each KKR Group Partnership (collectively, "KKR Group Partnership Units") representing economic interests in KKR's business. The remaining KKR Group Partnership Units are held by KKR Holdings L.P. ("KKR Holdings"), which is not a subsidiary of KKR & Co. Inc. As of March 31, 2019, KKR & Co. Inc. held approximately 64.1% of the KKR Group Partnership Units and principals through KKR Holdings held approximately 35.9% of the KKR Group Partnership Units. The percentage ownership in the KKR Group Partnerships will continue to change as KKR Holdings and/or principals exchange units in the KKR Group Partnerships for shares of Class A common stock of KKR & Co. Inc. or when KKR & Co. Inc. otherwise issues or repurchases shares of Class A common stock of KKR & Co. Inc. The KKR Group Partnerships also have outstanding equity interests that provide for the carry pool and preferred units with economic terms that mirror the preferred stock issued by KKR & Co. Inc.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements of KKR & Co. Inc. have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q. The condensed consolidated financial statements (referred to hereafter as the "financial statements"), including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in annual financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) such that the financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing the financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. The December 31, 2018 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements included in KKR's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on February 15, 2019, and the financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included therein. Additionally, in the accompanying financial statements the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition are referred to hereafter as the “consolidated statements of financial condition”; the condensed consolidated statements of operations are referred to hereafter as the “consolidated statements of operations”; the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) are referred to hereafter as the “consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)”; the condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity are referred to hereafter as the “consolidated statements of changes in equity”; and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows are referred to hereafter as the “consolidated statements of cash flows."

KKR consolidates the financial results of the KKR Group Partnerships and their consolidated entities, which include the accounts of KKR's investment management and capital markets companies, the general partners of certain unconsolidated investment funds, general partners of consolidated investment funds and their respective consolidated investment funds, and certain other entities including CFEs. References in the accompanying financial statements to "principals" are to KKR's senior employees and non-employee operating consultants who hold interests in KKR's business through KKR Holdings.

All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, and investment income (loss) during the reporting periods. Such estimates include but are not limited to (i) the determination of the income tax provision and (ii) the valuation of investments and financial instruments. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation

The types of entities KKR assesses for consolidation include (i) subsidiaries, including management companies, broker-dealers and general partners of investment funds that KKR manages, (ii) entities that have all the attributes of an investment company, like investment funds, (iii) CFEs and (iv) other entities, including entities that employ non-employee operating consultants. Each of these entities is assessed for consolidation on a case by case basis depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding that entity.

Pursuant to its consolidation policy, KKR first considers whether an entity is considered a VIE and therefore whether to apply the consolidation guidance under the VIE model. Entities that do not qualify as VIEs are assessed for consolidation as voting interest entities ("VOEs") under the voting interest model.

KKR's funds are, for GAAP purposes, investment companies and therefore are not required to consolidate their investments in portfolio companies even if majority-owned and controlled. Rather, the consolidated funds and vehicles reflect their investments at fair value as described below in "Fair Value Measurements."

An entity in which KKR holds a variable interest is a VIE if any one of the following conditions exist: (a) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the legal entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (b) the holders of the equity investment at risk (as a group) lack either the direct or indirect ability through voting rights or similar rights to make decisions about a legal entity's activities that have a significant effect on the success of the legal

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entity or the obligation to absorb the expected losses or right to receive the expected residual returns, or (c) the voting rights of some investors are disproportionate to their obligation to absorb the expected losses of the legal entity, their rights to receive the expected residual returns of the legal entity, or both and substantially all of the legal entity's activities either involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor with disproportionately few voting rights. Limited partnerships and other similar entities where unaffiliated limited partners have not been granted (i) substantive participatory rights or (ii) substantive rights to either dissolve the partnership or remove the general partner ("kick-out rights") are VIEs under condition (b) above. KKR's investment funds that are not CFEs (i) are generally limited partnerships, (ii) generally provide KKR with operational discretion and control, and (iii) generally have fund investors with no substantive rights to impact ongoing governance and operating activities of the fund, including the ability to remove the general partner, and, as such, the limited partners do not hold kick-out rights. Accordingly, most of KKR's investment funds are categorized as VIEs.

KKR consolidates all VIEs in which it is the primary beneficiary. A reporting entity is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest in a VIE. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The consolidation guidance requires an analysis to determine (i) whether an entity in which KKR holds a variable interest is a VIE and (ii) whether KKR's involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (for example, management and performance related fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Performance of that analysis requires the exercise of judgment. Fees earned by KKR that are customary and commensurate with the level of effort required to provide those services, and where KKR does not hold other economic interests in the entity that would absorb more than an insignificant amount of the expected losses or returns of the entity, would not be considered variable interests. KKR factors in all economic interests including interests held through related parties, to determine if it holds a variable interest. KKR determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion when facts and circumstances change.

For entities that are determined not to be VIEs, these entities are generally considered VOEs and are evaluated under the voting interest model. KKR consolidates VOEs it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means.

The consolidation assessment, including the determination as to whether an entity qualifies as a VIE or VOE depends on the facts and circumstances surrounding each entity and therefore certain of KKR's investment funds may qualify as VIEs whereas others may qualify as VOEs.

With respect to CLOs (which are generally VIEs), in its role as collateral manager, KKR generally has the power to direct the activities of the CLO that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entity. In some, but not all cases, KKR, through its residual interest in the CLO may have variable interests that represent an obligation to absorb losses of, or a right to receive benefits from, the CLO that could potentially be significant to the CLO. In cases where KKR has both the power to direct the activities of the CLO that most significantly impact the CLO's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the CLO or the right to receive benefits from the CLO that could potentially be significant to the CLO, KKR is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the CLO.

With respect to CMBS vehicles (which are generally VIEs), KKR holds unrated and non-investment grade rated securities issued by the CMBS, which are the most subordinate tranche of the CMBS vehicle. The economic performance of the CMBS is most significantly impacted by the performance of the underlying assets. Thus, the activities that most significantly impact the CMBS economic performance are the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the underlying assets. The special servicer has the ability to manage the CMBS assets that are delinquent or in default to improve the economic performance of the CMBS. KKR generally has the right to unilaterally appoint and remove the special servicer for the CMBS and as such is considered the controlling class of the CMBS vehicle. These rights give KKR the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the CMBS. Additionally, as the holder of the most subordinate tranche, KKR is in a first loss position and has the right to receive benefits, including the actual residual returns of the CMBS, if any. In these cases, KKR is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the CMBS vehicle.

Investments

Investments consist primarily of private equity, real assets, credit, investments of consolidated CFEs, equity method, carried interest and other investments. Investments denominated in currencies other than the entity's functional currency are valued based on the spot rate of the respective currency at the end of the reporting period with changes related to exchange rate movements reflected as a component of Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities in the consolidated statements of operations. Security and loan transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Further disclosure on investments is presented in Note 4 "Investments."

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

The following describes the types of securities held within each investment class.

Private Equity - Consists primarily of equity investments in operating businesses, including growth equity investments.

Credit - Consists primarily of investments in below investment grade corporate debt securities (primarily high yield bonds and syndicated bank loans), originated, distressed and opportunistic debt, real estate mortgage loans, and interests in unconsolidated CLOs.

Investments of Consolidated CFEs - Consists primarily of (i) investments in below investment grade corporate debt securities (primarily high yield bonds and syndicated bank loans) held directly by the consolidated CLOs and (ii) investments in originated, fixed-rate real estate mortgage loans held directly by the consolidated CMBS vehicles.

Real Assets - Consists primarily of investments in (i) energy related assets, principally oil and natural gas producing properties, (ii) infrastructure assets, and (iii) real estate, principally residential and commercial real estate assets and businesses.

Equity Method - Other - Consists primarily of (i) certain direct interests in operating companies in which KKR is deemed to exert significant influence under GAAP and (ii) certain interests in partnerships and joint ventures that hold private equity and real estate investments.

Equity Method - Capital Allocation-Based Income - Consists primarily of (i) the capital interest KKR holds as the general partner in certain investment funds, which are not consolidated and (ii) the carried interest component of the general partner interest, which are accounted for as a single unit of account.

Other - Consists primarily of investments in common stock, preferred stock, warrants and options of companies that are not private equity, real assets, credit or investments of consolidated CFEs.

Investments held by Consolidated Investment Funds

The consolidated investment funds are, for GAAP purposes, investment companies and reflect their investments and other financial instruments, including portfolio companies that are majority-owned and controlled by KKR's investment funds, at fair value. KKR has retained this specialized accounting for the consolidated funds in consolidation. Accordingly, the unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of the investments and other financial instruments held by the consolidated investment funds are reflected as a component of Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities in the consolidated statements of operations.

Certain energy investments are made through consolidated investment funds, including investments in working and royalty interests in oil and natural gas producing properties as well as investments in operating companies that operate in the energy industry. Since these investments are held through consolidated investment funds, such investments are reflected at fair value as of the end of the reporting period.

Investments in operating companies that are held through KKR's consolidated investment funds are generally classified within private equity investments and investments in working and royalty interests in oil and natural gas producing properties are generally classified as real asset investments.

Energy Investments held by KKR

Certain energy investments are made by KKR in working and royalty interests in oil and natural gas producing properties and not through investment funds. Oil and natural gas producing activities are accounted for under the successful efforts method of accounting and such working interests are consolidated based on the proportion of the working interests held by KKR. Accordingly, KKR reflects its proportionate share of the underlying consolidated statements of financial condition and consolidated statements of operations of the consolidated working interests on a gross basis and changes in the value of these working interests are not reflected as unrealized gains and losses in the consolidated statements of operations. Under the successful efforts method, exploration costs, other than the costs of drilling exploratory wells, are charged to expense as incurred. Costs that are associated with the drilling of successful exploration wells are capitalized if proved reserves are found. Lease acquisition costs are capitalized when incurred. Costs associated with the drilling of exploratory wells that do not find proved reserves, geological and geophysical costs and costs of certain nonproducing leasehold costs are charged to expense as incurred.

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Expenditures for repairs and maintenance, including workovers, are charged to expense as incurred.

The capitalized costs of producing oil and natural gas properties are depleted on a field-by-field basis using the units-of production method based on the ratio of current production to estimated total net proved oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid reserves. Proved developed reserves are used in computing depletion rates for drilling and development costs and total proved reserves are used for depletion rates of leasehold costs.

Estimated dismantlement and abandonment costs for oil and natural gas properties, net of salvage value, are capitalized at their estimated net present value and amortized on a unit-of-production basis over the remaining life of the related proved developed reserves.

Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of oil and natural gas properties may not be recoverable, KKR evaluates oil and natural gas properties and related equipment and facilities for impairment on a field-by-field basis. The determination of recoverability is made based upon estimated undiscounted future net cash flows. The amount of impairment loss, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value, as determined by a discounted cash flow analysis, with the carrying value of the related asset. Any impairment in value is recognized when incurred and is recorded in General, Administrative, and Other expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value Option

For certain investments and other financial instruments, KKR has elected the fair value option. Such election is irrevocable and is applied on a financial instrument by financial instrument basis at initial recognition. KKR has elected the fair value option for certain private equity, real assets, credit, investments of consolidated CFEs, equity method - other and other financial instruments not held through a consolidated investment fund. Accounting for these investments at fair value is consistent with how KKR accounts for its investments held through consolidated investment funds. Changes in the fair value of such instruments are recognized in Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities in the consolidated statements of operations. Interest income on interest bearing credit securities on which the fair value option has been elected is based on stated coupon rates adjusted for the accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. This interest income is recorded within Interest Income in the consolidated statements of operations.

Equity Method

For certain investments in entities over which KKR exercises significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation and for which KKR has not elected the fair value option, KKR uses the equity method of accounting. The carrying value of equity method investments, for which KKR has not elected the fair value option, is determined based on the amounts invested by KKR, adjusted for the equity in earnings or losses of the investee allocated based on KKR's respective ownership percentage, less distributions.

For equity method investments for which KKR has not elected the fair value option, KKR records its proportionate share of the investee's earnings or losses based on the most recently available financial information of the investee, which in certain cases may lag the date of KKR's financial statements by no more than three calendar months. As of March 31, 2019, equity method investees for which KKR reports financial results on a lag include Marshall Wace LLP ("Marshall Wace"). KKR evaluates its equity method investments for which KKR has not elected the fair value option for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments may not be recoverable.

The carrying value of investments classified as Equity Method - Capital Allocation-Based Income approximates fair value, because the underlying investments of the unconsolidated investment funds are reported at fair value.

Financial Instruments held by Consolidated CFEs

KKR measures both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the consolidated CFEs in its financial statements using the more observable of the fair value of the financial assets and the fair value of the financial liabilities which results in KKR's consolidated net income (loss) reflecting KKR's own economic interests in the consolidated CFEs including (i) changes in the fair value of the beneficial interests retained by KKR and (ii) beneficial interests that represent compensation for services rendered.

For the consolidated CLOs, KKR has determined that the fair value of the financial assets of the consolidated CLOs is more observable than the fair value of the financial liabilities of the consolidated CLOs. As a result, the financial assets of the consolidated CLOs are being measured at fair value and the financial liabilities are being measured in consolidation as: (1) the

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sum of the fair value of the financial assets and the carrying value of any nonfinancial assets that are incidental to the operations of the CLOs less (2) the sum of the fair value of any beneficial interests retained by KKR (other than those that represent compensation for services) and KKR's carrying value of any beneficial interests that represent compensation for services. The resulting amount is allocated to the individual financial liabilities (other than the beneficial interests retained by KKR).

For the consolidated CMBS vehicles, KKR has determined that the fair value of the financial liabilities of the consolidated CMBS vehicles is more observable than the fair value of the financial assets of the consolidated CMBS vehicles. As a result, the financial liabilities of the consolidated CMBS vehicles are being measured at fair value and the financial assets are being measured in consolidation as: (1) the sum of the fair value of the financial liabilities (other than the beneficial interests retained by KKR), the fair value of the beneficial interests retained by KKR and the carrying value of any nonfinancial liabilities that are incidental to the operations of the CMBS vehicles less (2) the carrying value of any nonfinancial assets that are incidental to the operations of the CMBS vehicles. The resulting amount is allocated to the individual financial assets.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. Except for certain of KKR's equity method investments (see "Equity Method" above) and debt obligations (as described in Note 10 "Debt Obligations"), KKR's investments and other financial instruments are recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying values approximate fair value. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation techniques are applied. These valuation techniques involve varying levels of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on a variety of factors.

GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Investments and financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of fair values, as follows:

Level I - Pricing inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date. The types of financial instruments included in this category are publicly-listed equities and securities sold short.

Level II - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. The types of financial instruments included in this category are credit investments, investments and debt obligations of consolidated CLO entities, convertible debt securities indexed to publicly-listed securities, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives such as foreign currency option and forward contracts.

Level III - Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. The types of financial instruments generally included in this category are private portfolio companies, real assets investments, credit investments, equity method investments for which the fair value option was elected and investments and debt obligations of consolidated CMBS entities.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. KKR's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and consideration of factors specific to the asset.

A significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability is an indication that transactions or quoted prices may not be representative of fair value because in such market conditions there may be increased instances of

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transactions that are not orderly. In those circumstances, further analysis of transactions or quoted prices is needed, and a significant adjustment to the transactions or quoted prices may be necessary to estimate fair value.

The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial asset or liability and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of instrument, whether the instrument has recently been issued, whether the instrument is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market, and current market conditions. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by KKR in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level III. The variability and availability of the observable inputs affected by the factors described above may cause transfers between Levels I, II, and III, which KKR recognizes at the beginning of the reporting period.

Investments and other financial instruments that have readily observable market prices (such as those traded on a securities exchange) are stated at the last quoted sales price as of the reporting date. KKR does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where KKR holds a large position and a sale could reasonably affect the quoted price.

Management's determination of fair value is based upon the methodologies and processes described below and may incorporate assumptions that are management's best estimates after consideration of a variety of internal and external factors.

Level II Valuation Methodologies

Credit Investments: These instruments generally have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the marketplace. Bid prices reflect the highest price that KKR and others are willing to pay for an instrument. Ask prices represent the lowest price that KKR and others are willing to accept for an instrument. For financial assets and liabilities whose inputs are based on bid-ask prices obtained from third party pricing services, fair value may not always be a predetermined point in the bid-ask range. KKR's policy is generally to allow for mid-market pricing and adjusting to the point within the bid-ask range that meets KKR's best estimate of fair value.

Investments and Debt Obligations of Consolidated CLO Vehicles: Investments of consolidated CLO vehicles are reported within Investments of Consolidated CFEs and are valued using the same valuation methodology as described above for credit investments. Under ASU 2014-13, KKR measures CLO debt obligations on the basis of the fair value of the financial assets of the CLO.

Securities indexed to publicly-listed securities: The securities are typically valued using standard convertible security pricing models. The key inputs into these models that require some amount of judgment are the credit spreads utilized and the volatility assumed. To the extent the company being valued has other outstanding debt securities that are publicly-traded, the implied credit spread on the company's other outstanding debt securities would be utilized in the valuation. To the extent the company being valued does not have other outstanding debt securities that are publicly-traded, the credit spread will be estimated based on the implied credit spreads observed in comparable publicly-traded debt securities. In certain cases, an additional spread will be added to reflect an illiquidity discount due to the fact that the security being valued is not publicly-traded. The volatility assumption is based upon the historically observed volatility of the underlying equity security into which the convertible debt security is convertible and/or the volatility implied by the prices of options on the underlying equity security.

Restricted Equity Securities: The valuation of certain equity securities is based on an observable price for an identical security adjusted for the effect of a restriction.

Derivatives: The valuation incorporates observable inputs comprising yield curves, foreign currency rates and credit spreads.

Level III Valuation Methodologies

Investments and financial instruments categorized as Level III consist primarily of the following:

Private Equity Investments: KKR generally employs two valuation methodologies when determining the fair value of a private equity investment. The first methodology is typically a market comparables analysis that considers key financial inputs and recent public and private transactions and other available measures. The second methodology utilized is typically a discounted cash flow analysis, which incorporates significant assumptions and judgments. Estimates of key inputs used in this methodology include the weighted average cost of capital for the investment and assumed inputs used to calculate terminal values, such as exit EBITDA multiples. In certain cases the results of the discounted cash flow approach can be significantly

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impacted by these estimates. Other inputs are also used in both methodologies. In addition, when a definitive agreement has been executed to sell an investment, KKR generally considers a significant determinant of fair value to be the consideration to be received by KKR pursuant to the executed definitive agreement.

Upon completion of the valuations conducted using these methodologies, a weighting is ascribed to each method, and an illiquidity discount is typically applied where appropriate. The ultimate fair value recorded for a particular investment will generally be within a range suggested by the two methodologies, except that the value may be higher or lower than such range in the case of investments being sold pursuant to an executed definitive agreement.

When determining the weighting ascribed to each valuation methodology, KKR considers, among other factors, the availability of direct market comparables, the applicability of a discounted cash flow analysis, the expected hold period and manner of realization for the investment, and in the case of investments being sold pursuant to an executed definitive agreement, an estimated probability of such sale being completed. These factors can result in different weightings among investments in the portfolio and in certain instances may result in up to a 100% weighting to a single methodology.

When an illiquidity discount is to be applied, KKR seeks to take a uniform approach across its portfolio and generally applies a minimum 5% discount to all private equity investments. KKR then evaluates such private equity investments to determine if factors exist that could make it more challenging to monetize the investment and, therefore, justify applying a higher illiquidity discount. These factors generally include (i) whether KKR is unable to freely sell the portfolio company or conduct an initial public offering of the portfolio company due to the consent rights of a third party or similar factors, (ii) whether the portfolio company is undergoing significant restructuring activity or similar factors, and (iii) characteristics about the portfolio company regarding its size and/or whether the portfolio company is experiencing, or expected to experience, a significant decline in earnings. These factors generally make it less likely that a portfolio company would be sold or publicly offered in the near term at a price indicated by using just a market multiples and/or discounted cash flow analysis, and these factors tend to reduce the number of opportunities to sell an investment and/or increase the time horizon over which an investment may be monetized. Depending on the applicability of these factors, KKR determines the amount of any incremental illiquidity discount to be applied above the 5% minimum, and during the time KKR holds the investment, the illiquidity discount may be increased or decreased, from time to time, based on changes to these factors. The amount of illiquidity discount applied at any time requires considerable judgment about what a market participant would consider and is based on the facts and circumstances of each individual investment. Accordingly, the illiquidity discount ultimately considered by a market participant upon the realization of any investment may be higher or lower than that estimated by KKR in its valuations.

In the case of growth equity investments, enterprise values may be determined using the market comparables analysis and discounted cash flow analysis described above. A scenario analysis may also be conducted to subject the estimated enterprise values to a downside, base and upside case, which involves significant assumptions and judgments. A milestone analysis may also be conducted to assess the current level of progress towards value drivers that we have determined to be important, which involves significant assumptions and judgments. The enterprise value in each case may then be allocated across the investment's capital structure to reflect the terms of the security and subjected to probability weightings. In certain cases, the values of growth equity investments may be based on recent or expected financings.

Real Asset Investments: Real asset investments in infrastructure, energy and real estate are valued using one or more of the discounted cash flow analysis, market comparables analysis and direct income capitalization, which in each case incorporates significant assumptions and judgments.

Infrastructure investments are generally valued using the discounted cash flow analysis. Key inputs used in this methodology can include the weighted average cost of capital and assumed inputs used to calculate terminal values, such as exit EBITDA multiples.

Energy investments are generally valued using a discounted cash flow approach, and where applicable, a market approach using comparable companies and transactions. Key inputs used in our valuations include (i) the weighted average cost of capital, (ii) future commodity prices, as quoted on indices and long-term commodity price forecasts, and (iii) the asset’s future operating performance.

Real estate investments are generally valued using a combination of direct income capitalization and discounted cash flow analysis. Certain real estate investments are valued by KKR based on ranges of valuations determined by an independent valuation firm. Key inputs used in such methodologies that require estimates include an unlevered discount rate and current capitalization rate. The valuations of real assets investments also use other inputs.

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Credit Investments: Credit investments are valued using values obtained from dealers or market makers, and where these values are not available, credit investments are generally valued by KKR based on ranges of valuations determined by an independent valuation firm. Valuation models are based on discounted cash flow analyses, for which the key inputs are determined based on market comparables, which incorporate similar instruments from similar issuers.

Other Investments: With respect to other investments including equity method investments for which the fair value election has been made, KKR generally employs the same valuation methodologies as described above for private equity investments when valuing these other investments.

Investments and Debt Obligations of Consolidated CMBS Vehicles: Under ASU 2014-13, KKR measures CMBS investments, which are reported within Investments of Consolidated CFEs on the basis of the fair value of the financial liabilities of the CMBS. Debt obligations of consolidated CMBS vehicles are valued based on discounted cash flow analyses. The key input is the expected yield of each CMBS security using both observable and unobservable factors, which may include recently offered or completed trades and published yields of similar securities, security-specific characteristics (e.g. securities ratings issued by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, credit support by other subordinate securities issued by the CMBS and coupon type) and other characteristics.

Key unobservable inputs that have a significant impact on KKR's Level III investment valuations as described above are included in Note 5 "Fair Value Measurements." KKR utilizes several unobservable pricing inputs and assumptions in determining the fair value of its Level III investments. These unobservable pricing inputs and assumptions may differ by investment and in the application of KKR's valuation methodologies. KKR's reported fair value estimates could vary materially if KKR had chosen to incorporate different unobservable pricing inputs and other assumptions or, for applicable investments, if KKR only used either the discounted cash flow methodology or the market comparables methodology instead of assigning a weighting to both methodologies.

Revenues

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, revenues consisted of the following:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Management Fees	$	188,408		$	187,727
Fee Credits	(103,477		)	(29,053		)
Transaction Fees	188,203			158,653
Monitoring Fees	25,651			17,586
Incentive Fees	—			13,805
Expense Reimbursements	44,060			20,211
Oil and Gas Revenue	13,175			14,507
Consulting Fees	16,528			10,958
Total Fees and Other	372,548			394,394

Carried Interest	694,383			62,747
General Partner Capital Interest	120,549			15,465
Total Capital Allocation-Based Income	814,932			78,212

Total Revenues	$	1,187,480		$	472,606

Fees and Other

Fees and Other, as detailed above, are accounted for as contracts with customers. Under the guidance for contracts with customers, KKR is required to (a) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (b) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (c) determine the transaction price, (d) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (e) recognize revenue when (or as) KKR satisfies its performance obligation. In determining the transaction price, KKR has included variable consideration only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized would not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

The following table summarizes KKR's revenues from contracts with customers:



Revenue Type	Customer	Performance Obligation	Performance Obligation Satisfied Over Time or Point In Time ⁽¹⁾	Variable or Fixed Consideration	Payment Terms	Subject to Return Once Recognized	Classification of Uncollected Amounts ⁽²⁾
Management Fees	Investment funds, CLOs and other vehicles	Investment management services	Over time as services are rendered	Variable consideration since varies based on fluctuations in the basis of the management fee over time	Typically quarterly or annually in arrears	No	Due from Affiliates
Transaction Fees	Portfolio companies and third party companies	Advisory services and debt and equity arranging and underwriting	Point in time when the transaction (e.g. underwriting) is completed	Fixed consideration	Typically paid on or shortly after transaction closes	No	Due from Affiliates (portfolio companies) Other Assets (third parties)
Monitoring Fees
Recurring Fees	Portfolio companies	Monitoring services	Over time as services are rendered	Variable consideration since varies based on fluctuations in the basis of the recurring fee	Typically quarterly in arrears	No	Due from Affiliates
Termination Fees	Portfolio companies	Monitoring services	Point in time when the termination is completed	Fixed consideration	Typically paid on or shortly after termination occurs	No	Due from Affiliates
Incentive Fees	Investment funds and other vehicles	Investment management services that result in achievement of minimum investment return levels	Point in time at the end of the performance measurement period (quarterly or annually) if investment performance is achieved	Variable consideration since contingent upon the investment fund and other vehicles achieving more than stipulated investment return hurdles	Typically paid shortly after the end of the performance measurement period	No	Due from Affiliates
Expense Reimbursements	Investment funds and portfolio companies	Investment management and monitoring services	Point in time when the related expense is incurred	Fixed consideration	Typically shortly after expense is incurred	No	Due from Affiliates
Oil and Gas Revenues	Oil and gas wholesalers	Delivery of oil liquids and gas	Point in time when delivery has occurred and title has transferred	Fixed consideration	Typically shortly after delivery	No	Other Assets
Consulting Fees	Portfolio companies and other companies	Consulting and other services	Over time as services are rendered	Fixed consideration	Typically quarterly in arrears	No	Due from Affiliates


(1)	For performance obligations satisfied at a point in time, there were no significant judgments made in evaluating when a customer obtains control of the promised service.


(2)	For amounts classified in Other Assets, see Note 8 "Other Assets and Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities." For amounts classified in Due from Affiliates, see Note 13 "Related Party Transactions."

Management Fees

KKR provides investment management services to investment funds, CLOs, and other vehicles in exchange for a management fee. Management fees are determined quarterly based on an annual rate and are generally based upon a percentage of the capital committed or capital invested during the investment period. Thereafter, management fees are generally based on a percentage of remaining invested capital, net asset value, gross assets or as otherwise defined in the respective contractual agreements. Since some of the factors that cause the fees to fluctuate are outside of KKR's control, management fees are considered to be constrained and are therefore not included in the transaction price. Additionally, after the contract is established there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

Management fees earned from KKR's consolidated investment funds, CLOs, and other vehicles are eliminated in consolidation. However, because these amounts are funded by, and earned from, noncontrolling interests, KKR's allocated share of the net income from the consolidated investment funds, CLOs, and other vehicles is increased by the amount of fees that are eliminated. Accordingly, the elimination of these fees does not impact the net income (loss) attributable to KKR or KKR stockholders' equity.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

Fee Credits

Under the terms of the management agreements with certain of its investment funds, KKR is required to share with such funds an agreed upon percentage of certain fees, including monitoring and transaction fees earned from portfolio companies ("Fee Credits"). Investment funds earn Fee Credits only with respect to monitoring and transaction fees that are allocable to the fund's investment in the portfolio company and not, for example, any fees allocable to capital invested through co-investment vehicles. Fee Credits are calculated after deducting certain costs incurred in connection with pursuing potential investments that do not result in completed transactions ("broken-deal expenses") and generally amount to 80% for older funds, or 100% for newer funds, of allocable monitoring and transaction fees after broken-deal expenses are recovered, although the actual percentage may vary from fund to fund. Fee Credits are recognized and owed to investment funds concurrently with the recognition of monitoring fees, transaction fees and broken-deal expenses. Since Fee Credits are payable to investment funds, amounts owed are generally applied as a reduction of the management fee that is otherwise billed to the investment fund. Fee credits are recorded as a reduction of revenues in the consolidated statement of operations. Fee credits owed to investment funds are recorded in Due to Affiliates on the consolidated statements of financial condition. See Note 13 "Related Party Transactions."

Transaction Fees

KKR (i) arranges debt and equity financing, places and underwrites securities offerings, and provides other types of capital markets services for companies seeking financing in its Capital Markets business line and (ii) provides advisory services in connection with successful Private Markets and Public Markets portfolio company investment transactions, in each case, in exchange for a transaction fee. Transaction fees are separately negotiated for each transaction and are generally based on (i) in our Capital Markets business line, a percentage of the overall transaction size and (ii) for Private Markets and Public Markets transactions, a percentage of either total enterprise value of an investment or a percentage of the aggregate price paid for an investment. After the contract is established, there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

Monitoring Fees

KKR provides services in connection with monitoring portfolio companies in exchange for a fee. Recurring monitoring fees are separately negotiated for each portfolio company. In addition, certain monitoring fee arrangements may provide for a termination payment following an initial public offering or change of control as defined in the contractual terms of the related agreement. These termination payments are recognized in the period when the related transaction closes. After the contract is established, there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

Incentive Fees

KKR provides investment management services to certain investment funds, CLOs and other vehicles in exchange for a management fee as discussed above and, in some cases an incentive fee when KKR is not entitled to a carried interest. Incentive fee rates generally range from 5% to 20% of investment gains. Incentive fees are considered a form of variable consideration as these fees are subject to reversal, and therefore the recognition of such fees is deferred until the end of each fund's measurement period (which is generally one year) when the performance-based incentive fees become fixed and determinable. Incentive fees are generally paid within 90 days of the end of the investment vehicles' measurement period. After the contract is established, there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

Expense Reimbursements

Providing investment management services to investment funds and monitoring KKR’s portfolio companies require KKR to arrange for services on behalf of them. In those situations where KKR is acting as an agent on behalf of its investment funds or portfolio companies, it presents the cost of services on a net basis as a reduction of Revenues. In all other situations, KKR is primarily responsible for fulfilling the services and is therefore acting as a principal for those arrangements for accounting purposes. As a result, the expense and related reimbursement associated with those services is presented on a gross basis. Costs incurred are classified as Expenses and reimbursements of such costs are classified as Expense Reimbursements within Revenues on the consolidated statements of operations. After the contract is established, there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

Oil and Gas Revenue

KKR directly holds certain working and royalty interests in oil and natural gas producing properties that are not held through investment funds. Oil and gas revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which occurs at the point in time when control of the product transfers to the customer. Performance obligations are typically satisfied through the monthly delivery of production. Revenue is recognized based on KKR's proportionate share of production from non-operated properties as marketed by the operator. After the contract is established, there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

Consulting Fees

Certain consolidated entities that employ non-employee operating consultants provide consulting and other services to portfolio companies and other companies in exchange for a consulting fee. Consulting fees are separately negotiated with each portfolio company for which services are provided and are not shared with KKR. After the contract is established, there are no significant judgments made when determining the transaction price.

Capital Allocation-Based Income

Capital allocation-based income is earned from those arrangements where KKR has a general partner capital interest and is entitled to a disproportionate allocation of investment income (referred to hereafter as "carried interest"). KKR accounts for its general partner interests in capital allocation-based arrangements as financial instruments under ASC 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures ("ASC 323") since the general partner has significant governance rights in the investment funds in which it invests, which demonstrates significant influence. In accordance with ASC 323, KKR records equity method income based on the proportionate share of the income of the investment fund, including carried interest, assuming the investment fund was liquidated as of each reporting date pursuant to each investment fund's governing agreements. Accordingly, these general partner interests are accounted for outside of the scope of ASC 606. Other arrangements surrounding contractual incentive fees through an advisory contract are separate and distinct and accounted for in accordance with ASC 606. In these incentive fee arrangements, accounted for in accordance with ASC 606, KKR’s economics in the entity do not involve an allocation of capital. See "Incentive Fees" above.

Carried interest is allocated to the general partner based on cumulative fund performance to date, and where applicable, subject to a preferred return to the funds' limited partners. At the end of each reporting period, KKR calculates the carried interest that would be due to KKR for each investment fund, pursuant to the fund agreements, as if the fair value of the underlying investments were realized as of such date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair value of underlying investments varies between reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to amounts recorded as carried interest to reflect either (a) positive performance resulting in an increase in the carried interest allocated to the general partner or (b) negative performance that would cause the amount due to KKR to be less than the amount previously recognized, resulting in a negative adjustment to carried interest allocated to the general partner. In each case, it is necessary to calculate the carried interest on cumulative results compared to the carried interest recorded to date and to make the required positive or negative adjustments. KKR ceases to record negative carried interest allocations once previously recognized carried interest allocations for an investment fund have been fully reversed. KKR is not obligated to make payments for guaranteed returns or hurdles and, therefore, cannot have negative carried interest over the life of an investment fund. Accrued but unpaid carried interest as of the reporting date is reflected in Investments in the consolidated statements of financial condition.

Income Taxes

KKR & Co. Inc. is a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and thus is subject to U.S. federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level on KKR’s share of net taxable income. In addition, the KKR Group Partnerships and certain of their subsidiaries operate in the United States as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and as corporate entities in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions. These entities, in some cases, are subject to U.S. state or local income taxes or non-U.S. income taxes.

Prior to the Conversion, KKR & Co. L.P.’s investment income and carried interest generally were not subject to U.S. corporate income taxes. Subsequent to the Conversion, all income earned by KKR & Co. Inc. is subject to U.S. corporate income taxes.

See Note 11 "Income Taxes" for further information on the financial statement impact of the Conversion.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

Leases

At contract inception, KKR determines if an arrangement contains a lease by evaluating whether (i) the identified asset has been deployed in the contract explicitly or implicitly and (ii) KKR obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of that underlying asset and directs how and for what purpose the asset is used during the term of the contract. Additionally, at contract inception KKR will evaluate whether the lease is an operating or finance lease. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent KKR’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent KKR’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease.

ROU assets and the associated lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. The discount rate implicit in the lease is generally not readily determinable. Consequently, KKR uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available including, but not limited to, collateral assumptions, the term of the lease, and the economic environment in which the lease is denominated at the commencement date in determining the present value of the future lease payments. The ROU assets are recognized as the initial measurement of the lease liabilities plus any initial direct costs and any prepaid lease payments less lease incentives received, if any. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease which are accounted for when it is reasonably certain that KKR will exercise that option.

Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded within Occupancy and Related Charges in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The ROU assets are included in Other Assets and the lease liabilities are included in Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition. See Note 8 "Other Assets and Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities."

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Adopted in 2019

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases ("ASC 842") which has subsequently been amended. This guidance, among other items: (i) requires recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP, ASC 840; (ii) retains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases; and (iii) includes the classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating leases that are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases under ASC 840.

The only material lease activity KKR is engaged in is the leasing of office space where KKR is the lessee under the terms of lease agreements, which have been determined to be operating leases. For operating leases, a lessee is required to: (a) recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the consolidated statement of financial condition; (b) recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term, generally on a straight-line basis, and (c) classify all cash payments within operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

KKR adopted this guidance on the effective date, January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach and electing the "Comparatives Under ASC 840 Approach." The Comparatives Under ASC 840 Approach allows an entity to elect not to recast its comparative periods in the period of adoption when transitioning to ASC 842. In doing so, KKR has provided the disclosures required by ASC 840 for the comparative periods. Additionally, KKR has elected the practical expedient package transition election for all leases. The practical expedient package under the new standard allows an entity not to have to reassess its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs.

Upon adoption, KKR recorded ROU assets of $153.3 million and lease liabilities of $162.9 million, resulting in no cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2019.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities ("ASU 2017-08"). This guidance amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The guidance requires the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The guidance does not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. ASU 2017-08 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. This guidance has been adopted as of January 1, 2019 and did not have a material impact to KKR.

Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2018-02"). Under ASC 740-10-45-15, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred tax balances are recorded as a component of tax expense for the period in which the law was enacted, even if the assets and liabilities related to items of accumulated other comprehensive income ("OCI"). ASU 2018-02 allows entities to elect to reclassify from accumulated OCI to retained earnings stranded tax effects that relate to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was enacted in December 2017 (the "2017 Tax Act") from the change in federal tax rate for all items accounted for in OCI. Entities can also elect to reclassify other stranded tax effects that relate to the 2017 Tax Act, but do not directly relate to the change in the federal tax rate. Tax effects that are stranded in OCI for other reasons may not be reclassified. In the period of adoption, entities that elect to reclassify the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act from accumulated OCI to retained earnings must disclose that they made such an election. Entities must also disclose a description of other income tax effects related to the 2017 Tax Act that are reclassified from accumulated OCI to retained earnings, if any. The guidance is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. This guidance has been adopted as of January 1, 2019 and did not have a material impact to KKR. KKR did not elect to reclassify stranded tax effects that relate to the 2017 Tax Act from accumulated OCI to retained earnings for all items accounted for in OCI. KKR's policy for releasing income tax effects from accumulated OCI is when all related units of account are liquidated, sold or extinguished.

Effective on January 1, 2020

Goodwill

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This guidance simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairments by eliminating the second step from the goodwill impairment test. The ASU requires goodwill impairments to be measured on the basis of the fair value of a reporting unit relative to the reporting unit's carrying amount rather than on the basis of the implied amount of goodwill relative to the goodwill balance of the reporting unit. The ASU also (i) clarifies the requirements for excluding and allocating foreign currency translation adjustments to reporting units related to an entity's testing of reporting units for goodwill impairment and (ii) clarifies that an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The guidance is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is allowed for entities as of January 1, 2017, for annual and any interim impairment tests occurring after January 1, 2017. KKR is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on the financial statements.

Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, which addresses a customer’s accounting for implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement ("CCA") that is a service contract. The ASU aligns the accounting for costs incurred to implement a CCA that is a service arrangement with the guidance on capitalizing costs associated with developing or obtaining internal-use software. The guidance is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted and this ASU can be applied on either a retrospective or prospective basis. KKR is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on the financial statements.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

3. NET GAINS (LOSSES) FROM INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES

Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities in the consolidated statements of operations consist primarily of the realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments (including foreign exchange gains and losses attributable to foreign denominated investments and related activities) and other financial instruments, including those for which the fair value option has been elected. Unrealized gains or losses result from changes in the fair value of these investments and other financial instruments during a period. Upon disposition of an investment or financial instrument, previously recognized unrealized gains or losses are reversed and an offsetting realized gain or loss is recognized in the current period.

The following table summarizes total Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019									Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
	Net Realized Gains (Losses)			Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)			Total			Net Realized Gains (Losses)			Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)			Total
Private Equity ⁽¹⁾	$	68,568		$	919,625		$	988,193		$	16,253		$	158,369		$	174,622
Credit ⁽¹⁾	(17,876		)	8,669			(9,207		)	1,263			58,150			59,413
Investments of Consolidated CFEs ⁽¹⁾	(10,530		)	233,357			222,827			(26,516		)	(48,403		)	(74,919		)
Real Assets ⁽¹⁾	29,547			89,581			119,128			12,957			59,297			72,254
Equity Method - Other ⁽¹⁾	20,133			156,906			177,039			9,210			135,604			144,814
Other Investments ⁽¹⁾	1,450			(30,361		)	(28,911		)	(244,199		)	86,365			(157,834		)
Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts and Options ⁽²⁾	25,454			54,789			80,243			(32,614		)	(63,118		)	(95,732		)
Securities Sold Short ⁽²⁾	14,426			(80,772		)	(66,346		)	275,949			(29,874		)	246,075
Other Derivatives ⁽²⁾	1,465			(13,405		)	(11,940		)	3,642			(8,223		)	(4,581		)
Debt Obligations and Other ⁽³⁾	(2,856		)	(264,292		)	(267,148		)	14,435			94,253			108,688
Net Gains (Losses) From Investment Activities	$	129,781		$	1,074,097		$	1,203,878		$	30,380		$	442,420		$	472,800


(1)	See Note 4 "Investments."


(2)	See Note 8 "Other Assets and Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities."


(3)	See Note 10 "Debt Obligations."

4. INVESTMENTS

Investments consist of the following:



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Private Equity	$	8,522,282	$	7,349,559
Credit	7,649,787		9,099,135
Investments of Consolidated CFEs	15,021,345		14,733,423
Real Assets	3,213,813		3,157,954
Equity Method - Other	4,472,692		4,212,874
Equity Method - Capital Allocation-Based Income	4,203,980		3,584,415
Other Investments	2,711,355		2,770,622
Total Investments	$	45,795,254	$	44,907,982

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no investments which represented greater than 5% of total investments. The majority of the securities underlying private equity investments represent equity securities.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following tables summarize the valuation of assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value by the fair value hierarchy. Investments classified as Equity Method - Other, for which the fair value option has not been elected, and Equity Method - Capital Allocation-Based Income have been excluded from the tables below.

Assets, at fair value:



	March 31, 2019
	Level I		Level II		Level III			Total
Private Equity	$	1,603,803	$	86,933	$	6,831,546		$	8,522,282
Credit	—		1,119,308		6,530,479			7,649,787
Investments of Consolidated CFEs	—		12,937,610		2,083,735			15,021,345
Real Assets	—		—		3,213,813			3,213,813
Equity Method - Other	219,566		47,938		1,650,179			1,917,683
Other Investments	501,523		145,882		2,063,950			2,711,355
Total Investments	2,324,892		14,337,671		22,373,702			39,036,265

Foreign Exchange Contracts and Options	—		205,900		—			205,900
Other Derivatives	—		1,786		31,134		⁽¹⁾	32,920
Total Assets	$	2,324,892	$	14,545,357	$	22,404,836		$	39,275,085



	December 31, 2018
	Level I		Level II		Level III			Total
Private Equity	$	1,156,977	$	63,999	$	6,128,583		$	7,349,559
Credit	—		2,334,405		6,764,730			9,099,135
Investments of Consolidated CFEs	—		12,650,878		2,082,545			14,733,423
Real Assets	—		—		3,157,954			3,157,954
Equity Method - Other	245,225		43,943		1,503,022			1,792,190
Other Investments	480,192		173,844		2,116,586			2,770,622
Total Investments	1,882,394		15,267,069		21,753,420			38,902,883

Foreign Exchange Contracts and Options	—		177,264		—			177,264
Other Derivatives	—		3,879		37,116		⁽¹⁾	40,995
Total Assets	$	1,882,394	$	15,448,212	$	21,790,536		$	39,121,142

(1)

Includes derivative assets that were valued using a third-party valuation firm. The approach used to estimate the fair value of these derivative assets was generally the discounted cash flow method, which includes consideration of the current portfolio, projected portfolio construction, projected portfolio realizations, portfolio volatility (based on the volatility, correlation, and size of each underlying asset class), and the discounting of future cash flows to the reporting date.

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Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

Liabilities, at fair value:



	March 31, 2019
	Level I		Level II		Level III			Total
Securities Sold Short	$	582,608	$	—	$	—		$	582,608
Foreign Exchange Contracts and Options	—		17,200		—			17,200
Unfunded Revolver Commitments	—		—		56,792		⁽¹⁾	56,792
Other Derivatives	—		23,769		17,200		⁽²⁾	40,969
Debt Obligations of Consolidated CFEs	—		12,557,821		1,914,571			14,472,392
Total Liabilities	$	582,608	$	12,598,790	$	1,988,563		$	15,169,961



	December 31, 2018
	Level I		Level II		Level III			Total
Securities Sold Short	$	344,124	$	—	$	—		$	344,124
Foreign Exchange Contracts and Options	—		60,749		—			60,749
Unfunded Revolver Commitments	—		—		52,066		⁽¹⁾	52,066
Other Derivatives	—		18,440		17,200		⁽²⁾	35,640
Debt Obligations of Consolidated CFEs	—		12,081,771		1,876,783			13,958,554
Total Liabilities	$	344,124	$	12,160,960	$	1,946,049		$	14,451,133


(1)	These unfunded revolver commitments are classified as Level III within the fair value hierarchy and valued using the same valuation methodologies as KKR's Level III credit investments.

(2)

Includes options issued in connection with the acquisition of the equity interest in Marshall Wace and its affiliates in November 2015 to increase KKR's ownership interest in periodic increments. The options are valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation valuation methodology. Key inputs used in this methodology that require estimates include Marshall Wace's dividend yield, assets under management volatility and equity volatility. See Note 4 "Investments."

Table of Contents

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

The following tables summarize changes in investments and debt obligations measured and reported at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Level III Investments																					Level III Debt Obligations
	Private Equity			Credit			Investments of Consolidated CFEs			Real Assets			Equity Method - Other			Other Investments			Total			Debt Obligations of Consolidated CFEs
Balance, Beg. of Period	$	6,128,583		$	6,764,730		$	2,082,545		$	3,157,954		$	1,503,022		$	2,116,586		$	21,753,420		$	1,876,783
Transfers In / (Out) Due to Changes in Consolidation	—			(1,598		)	—			—			—			(42,864		)	(44,462		)	—
Transfers In	—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Transfers Out	(56,029		)	—			—			—			—			—			(56,029		)	—
Asset Purchases / Debt Issuances	409,621			811,957			—			67,302			137,909			95,135			1,521,924			—
Sales / Paydowns	(99,603		)	(1,028,063		)	(38,295		)	(130,571		)	(41,126		)	(27,433		)	(1,365,091		)	—
Settlements	—			20,815			—			—			—			—			20,815			(2,731		)
Net Realized Gains (Losses)	68,568			(15,198		)	—			29,547			11,626			2,121			96,664			—
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)	380,406			(24,806		)	39,485			89,581			38,748			(79,595		)	443,819			40,519
Change in Other Comprehensive Income	—			2,642			—			—			—			—			2,642			—
Balance, End of Period	$	6,831,546		$	6,530,479		$	2,083,735		$	3,213,813		$	1,650,179		$	2,063,950		$	22,373,702		$	1,914,571

Changes in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities related to Level III Assets and Liabilities still held as of the Reporting Date	$	442,672		$	(31,282	)	$	39,485		$	92,900		$	49,140		$	(79,347	)	$	513,568		$	40,519



	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
	Level III Investments																					Level III Debt Obligations
	Private Equity			Credit			Investments of Consolidated CFEs			Real Assets			Equity Method - Other			Other Investments			Total			Debt Obligations of Consolidated CFEs
Balance, Beg. of Period	$	2,172,290		$	5,138,937		$	5,353,090		$	2,251,267		$	1,076,709		$	1,760,011		$	17,752,304		$	5,238,236
Transfers In / (Out) Due to Changes in Consolidation	—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Transfers In	—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Transfers Out	—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Asset Purchases / Debt Issuances	727,626			890,113			—			540,898			2,037			64,757			2,225,431			—
Sales / Paydowns	(35,245		)	(230,144		)	(11,541		)	(34,237		)	(31,939		)	(36,218		)	(379,324		)	—
Settlements	—			(53,825		)	—			—			—			—			(53,825		)	(11,541		)
Net Realized Gains (Losses)	15,312			11,581			—			8,354			9,348			8,892			53,487			—
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)	208,428			77,715			(83,150		)	61,151			29,570			3,762			297,476			(88,528		)
Change in Other Comprehensive Income	—			(15,522		)	—			—			—			—			(15,522		)	—
Balance, End of Period	$	3,088,411		$	5,818,855		$	5,258,399		$	2,827,433		$	1,085,725		$	1,801,204		$	19,880,027		$	5,138,167

Changes in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities related to Level III Assets and Liabilities still held as of the Reporting Date	$	208,428		$	86,754		$	(83,150	)	$	61,151		$	34,928		$	10,442		$	318,553		$	(88,528	)

Table of Contents

Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)

Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level III assets and liabilities are reported in Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents additional information about valuation methodologies and significant unobservable inputs used for investments and debt obligations that are measured and reported at fair value and categorized within Level III as of March 31, 2019:



	Fair Value March 31, 2019		Valuation Methodologies	Unobservable Input(s) ⁽¹⁾	Weighted Average ⁽²⁾	Range	Impact to Valuation from an Increase in Input ⁽³⁾

Private Equity	$	6,831,546

Private Equity	$	4,322,213	Inputs to market comparables and discounted cash flow and transaction price	Illiquidity Discount	6.1%	5.0% - 15.0%	Decrease
				Weight Ascribed to Market Comparables	30.5%	0.0% - 50.0%	(4)
				Weight Ascribed to Discounted Cash Flow	69.4%	0.0% - 100.0%	(5)
				Weight Ascribed to Transaction Price	0.1%	0.0% - 100.0%	(6)
			Market comparables	Enterprise Value/LTM EBITDA Multiple	14.2x	6.9x - 23.7x	Increase
			Market comparables	Enterprise Value/Forward EBITDA Multiple	12.4x	6.2x - 17.2x	Increase
			Discounted cash flow	Weighted Average Cost of Capital	10.7%	5.6% - 14.6%	Decrease
			Discounted cash flow	Enterprise Value/LTM EBITDA Exit Multiple	12.4x	6.0x - 15.0x	Increase

Growth Equity	$	2,509,333	Inputs to market comparables, discounted cash flow and milestones	Illiquidity Discount	11.6%	5.0% - 20.0%	Decrease
				Weight Ascribed to Market Comparables	35.2%	0.0% - 100.0%	(4)
				Weight Ascribed to Discounted Cash Flow	15.3%	0.0% - 75.0%	(5)
				Weight Ascribed to Milestones	49.5%	0.0% - 100.0%	(6)
			Scenario Weighting	Base	61.4%	40.0% - 80.0%	Increase
				Downside	16.0%	5.0% - 30.0%	Decrease
				Upside	22.6%	10.0% - 45.0%	Increase