U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
[ ] REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
[ X ] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 TO 15 (d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 1-15184
SADIA S.A.
(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
N/A
(Translation of Registrant's Name into English)
Federative Republic of Brazil
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
Rua Fortunato Ferraz, 659
Vila Anastacio, Sao Paulo, SP
05093-901, Brazil
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:
Preferred Shares, no par value per share, represented by American Depositary
Shares
Name of each exchange on which registered: The New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d)
of the Act: None
The total number of outstanding shares by Sadia S.A., by class, as of
December 31, 2002, was as follows:
257,000,000 common shares, no par value per share
425,695,712 preferred shares, no par value per share
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, during the preceding 12 months (or during a shorter period, during which
the Registrant was required to file such report, and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes X No ____
Indicate by check mark, which item of the financial Statements the Registrant
has elected to follow:
Item 17 Item 18 X .
Please send copies of notices and communications from the Securities and
Exchange Commission to:
Ross Kaufman
Greenberg Traurig, LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10166
CONTENTS
GENERAL................................................................3
PART I.................................................................3
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS.........3
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE.......................3
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION...............................................3
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY...................................10
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS.................36
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES...................55
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS............60
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION........................................63
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING........................................70
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.......................................73
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK...81
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES.......84
PART II...............................................................84
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDENDS ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES.............84
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS
AND USE OF PROCEEDS..........................................84
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES......................................84
ITEM 16. [RESERVED]...................................................84
PART III..............................................................84
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.........................................84
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.........................................84
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS.....................................................84
2
GENERAL
Unless otherwise indicated, all references contained herein, to the "Company",
to "Sadia", or to "Sadia Group" are references to Sadia S.A., a corporation
organized under the laws of the Federative Republic of Brazil ("Brazil") and its
consolidated subsidiaries: Sadia International Ltd.; Sadia GMBH; Rezende
Marketing e Comunicacao Ltda., Rezende Oleo Ltda,Ez Foods Servicos Ltda. and
Concordia S.A. Corretora de Valores Mobiliarios, Cambio e Commodities.
Presentation of Certain Financial Information
References to "Preferred Shares" and "Common Shares" refer to the Company's
authorized and outstanding preferred stock and common stock, designated as
"acoes preferenciais" and "acoes ordinarias", respectively, each without par
value. All references herein to the "Real," "Reais" or "R$" are to the Real, the
official currency of Brazil since July 1, 1994. All references to (i) "U.S.
dollars", "dollars" or "US$" refer to United States dollars, (ii) "km" to
kilometers, and (iii) "tons" to metric tons.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 20-F contains Statements that constitute forward-looking Statements.
Those Statements appear in a number of places and include Statements regarding
the intent, belief or current expectations of the Company, its directors or its
executive officers with respect to (i) the declaration or payment of dividends,
(ii) the direction and future operation of the Company, (iii) the implementation
of the principal operating strategies of the Company, including potential
acquisition or joint venture transactions or other investment opportunities,
(iv) the implementation of the Company's financing strategy and capital
expenditure plans and (v) the factors or trends affecting the Company's
financial condition or results of operations. Prospective investors are
cautioned that any such forward looking Statements are not guarantees of future
performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may
differ materially from those in the forward looking Statements. The accompanying
information contained in this Annual Report, including without limitation the
other information set forth under the heading "Operating and Financial Review
and Prospects," identifies important factors that could cause such differences.
PART I
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
A. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
U.S. GAAP Presentation
The selected financial information for the Company included in the following
table should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to, the U.S. GAAP financial statements of the Company and "Operating
and Financial Review and Prospects" appearing elsewhere herein. The consolidated
financial data for the Company as of December 31, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1999 and
1998 are derived from the audited U.S. GAAP financial statements.
3
SADIA S.A
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1999 and 1998
(In thousands of Reais - R$, except numbers of shares and per share amounts)
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross operating revenue 4,654,752 3,977,137 3,257,944 2,972,066 2,502,839
Value-added tax on sales (417,280) (293,280) (316,919) (281,978) (250,867)
Sales deductions (50,337) (81,387) (59,749) (52,032) (35,344)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue 4,187,135 3,602,470 2,881,276 2,638,056 2,216,628
Cost of goods sold (2,903,152) (2,322,691) (2,167,016) (1,855,737) (1,548,892)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross profit 1,283,983 1,279,779 714,260 782,319 667,736
Operating expenses:
Selling (876,755) (720,761) (563,025) (493,907) (469,942)
General and administrative (49,133) (54,029) (51,603) (52,765) (97,127)
Other operating expense, net (12,773) (17,136) (9,174) (10,707) (8,095)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Total operating expenses (938,661) (791,926) (623,802) (557,379) (575,164)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating income 345,322 487,853 90,458 224,940 92,572
Interest expense (317,755) (201,210) (187,268) (175,450) (94,008)
Interest income and other, net 266,462 144,635 190,519 228,019 159,787
Foreign currency exchange loss, net 2,701 (171,377) (72,775) (174,892) (60,385)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before equity income (loss) of
investees and minority interest 296,730 259,901 20,934 102,617 97,966
Income tax expense:
Current benefit (expense) 34,631 (38,895) (867) (3,088) 88,665
Deferred tax expense (46,786) (12,161) (20,954) (14,590) (1,051)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
(12,155) (51,056) (21,821) (17,678) 87,614
Income (loss) before equity income of
investees and minority interest 284,575 208,845 (887) 84,939 185,580
Equity income (loss) of investees (650) 43 (5,093) (8,746) (157)
Minority interest 337 439 496 282 (16,099)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of 284,262 209,327 (5,484) 76,475 169,324
accounting change
Cumulative effect of accounting change, - (5,843) - - -
net of tax
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income (loss) 284,262 203,484 (5,484) 76,475 169,324
====================================================================
Net income (loss) applicable to preferred 183,533 131,378 (3,420) 49,480 113,681
stock
Net income (loss) applicable to common 100,729 72,106 (2,064) 26,995 55,643
stock
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income (loss) 284,262 203,484 (5,484) 76,475 169,324
====================================================================
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per
thousand shares in R$:
Preferred 431.14 308.62 (8.03) 115.54 256.92
Common 391.94 280.56 (8.03) 105.04 233.56
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding:
Preferred 425,695,712 425,695,712 425,695,712 428,227,595 442,486,260
Common 257,000,000 257,000,000 257,000,000 257,000,000 238,237,500
4
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(IN THOUSANDS OF REAIS - R$)
DECEMBER 31, 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents and investments in debt and held-to-maturity 1,249,783 346,354 220,814 363,318 399,567
securities
Total Current Assets 2,817,467 1,598,128 1,335,843 1,477,596 1,151,151
Investments in debt and held-to-maturity securities 760,857 609,767 745,471 701,882 164,230
Property, plant and equipment, net 860,070 857,653 889,436 838,845 560,652
TOTAL ASSETS 4,975,627 3,325,305 3,202,793 3,308,850 2,051,566
Total Current Liabilities 2,591,383 1,335,176 1,699,863 1,816,601 785,360
Short-term debt and current portion of long term debt 2,052,068 910,386 1,381,123 1,414,566 566,817
Long-term debt 1,205,160 889,767 526,413 494,059 360,460
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 1,057,759 967,181 853,778 872,583 847,523
The Company maintains its books and records in Reais and prepares its
financial Statements in accordance with accounting practices adopted in
Brazil. The Company also prepared consolidated balance sheets for December
31, 2002 and 2001 and the related consolidated Statements of operations,
cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity , all stated in Reais, in
accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The exchange rates of Real amounts into U.S. Dollars for the years ended
December 31, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and January through May 2003, are
shown in the table below:
COMMERCIAL SELLING EXCHANGE RATES (R$/US$)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HIGH LOW AVERAGE END OF PERIOD
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1.2087 1.1237 1.1644 1.2087
1999 2.0648 1.6607 1.8514 1.7890
2000 1.9847 1.7234 1.8295 1.9554
2001 2.8350 1.9320 2.3536 2.3204
2002 3.9552 2.2709 2.9309 3.5333
DECEMBER/2002 3.7980 3.4278 3.6259 3.5333
JANUARY/2003 3.6623 3.2758 3.4384 3.5258
FEBRUARY/2003 3.6580 3.4930 3.5908 3.5632
MARCH/2003 3.5637 3.3531 3.4469 3.3531
APRIL/2003 3.3359 2.8898 3.1187 2.8898
MAY/2003 3.0277 2.8653 2.9557 2.9656
Source: Brazilian Central Bank
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS
Not Applicable.
C. REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not Applicable.
5
D. RISK FACTORS
RISKS RELATING TO BRAZIL
THE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT HAS EXERCISED, AND CONTINUES TO EXERCISE, SIGNIFICANT
INFLUENCE OVER THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY. BRAZILIAN POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
CONDITIONS HAVE A DIRECT IMPACT ON THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS AND THE MARKET PRICE
OF THE PREFERRED SHARES.
The Brazilian government frequently intervenes in the Brazilian economy and
occasionally makes drastic changes in policy. The government's actions to
control inflation and affect other policies have often involved wage and price
controls, currency devaluations, capital controls, and limits on imports, among
other things. The Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations may be adversely affected by changes in policy including tariffs,
exchange controls and other matters, as well as factors such as currency
fluctuations, inflation, price instability, interest rates, tax policy, and
other political, diplomatic, social and economic developments in or affecting
Brazil.
Brazil has historically experienced extremely high rates of inflation.
Inflation, along with governmental measures to combat inflation, has had
significant negative effects on the Brazilian economy in general. Beginning in
December 1993, the Brazilian government introduced an economic stabilization
plan called the Real Plan. The primary objectives of the Real Plan were to
reduce inflation and develop an environment for sustained economic growth.
On July 1, 1994, the Brazilian government introduced the new currency, the Real.
Since the introduction of the Real, Brazil's inflation rate has been
substantially lower than in previous periods. The annual rates of inflation, as
measured by the General Price Index (IGP-M) of Fundacao Getulio Vargas, were:
Year Rate of Inflation
-------------------------------------------- ----------------
1993........................................ 2,567.34%
1994........................................ 1,246.62%
1995........................................ 15.24%
1996........................................ 9.20%
1997........................................ 7.74%
1998........................................ 1.78%
1999........................................ 20.1%
2000........................................ 9.95%
2001........................................ 10.38%
2002........................................ 25.30%
Source: Fundacao Getulio Vargas (FGV)
There can be no assurance that recent lower levels of inflation will continue.
Brazil may experience high levels of inflation in the future. Future
governmental actions, including actions to adjust the value of the Real, may
trigger increases in inflation. Accordingly, periods of substantial inflation
may in the future have material adverse effects on the Brazilian economy, the
Brazilian financial markets and on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations.
FLUCTUATIONS IN THE VALUE OF BRAZIL'S CURRENCY AGAINST THE VALUE OF THE U.S.
DOLLAR MAY RESULT IN UNCERTAINTY IN THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY AND THE BRAZILIAN
SECURITIES MARKET, WHICH MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT THE COMPANY'S FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND, CONSEQUENTLY, THE MARKET VALUE OF THE PREFERRED
SHARES AND ADSs.
As a result of inflationary pressures, the Brazilian currency has been devalued
periodically during the last four decades. Throughout this period, the Brazilian
government has implemented various economic plans and has taken several exchange
rate policies, including sudden devaluations, periodic mini-devaluations during
which the frequency
6
of adjustments has ranged from daily to monthly, floating exchange rate systems,
exchange controls and dual exchange rate markets. Although over long periods,
devaluations of the Brazilian currency generally have correlated with the rate
of inflation in Brazil, devaluations over shorter periods have resulted in
significant fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Brazilian currency and
the U.S. dollar and other currencies.
In addition, fluctuations in the value of the Real relative to the U.S. dollar
can affect the market value of the ADSs. Devaluation may reduce the U.S. dollar
value of distributions and dividends on the ADSs and may also reduce the market
value of the Preferred Shares and the ADSs.
RESTRICTIONS ON THE MOVEMENT OF CAPITAL OUT OF BRAZIL MAY HINDER INVESTORS'
ABILITY TO RECEIVE DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS AS WELL AS THE PROCEEDS OF
ANY SALE OF PREFERRED SHARES.
The Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions on the conversion of
Brazilian currency into foreign currencies and on the remittance to foreign
investors, of proceeds from investments in Brazil. Brazilian law permits the
government to impose these restrictions whenever there is a serious imbalance in
Brazil's balance of payments or reasons to foresee a serious imbalance.
Government restrictions on capital outflow may hinder or prevent the Custodian
in Brazil, or if investors have exchanged ADSs for the underlying Preferred
Shares, from converting the proceeds relating to the Preferred Shares into U.S.
dollars and remitting those proceeds abroad. Investors could be adversely
affected by delays in obtaining any required governmental approval for
conversion of Brazilian currency payments and remittances abroad in respect of
the Preferred Shares underlying the ADSs. In addition, the Brazilian government
may institute a more restrictive exchange control policy in the future.
Currently, in order to remit the proceeds of distributions on, and gains with
respect to, the Preferred Shares to the U.S., the Depositary must register with
the Central Bank the amount invested by non-Brazilians in the Preferred Shares
underlying the ADSs. The Depositary will register its interest in the Preferred
Shares as a foreign investment with the Central Bank. The Central Bank will
issue a certificate of foreign capital registration in the name of the
Depositary, under which the Custodian will, assuming the continued availability
of foreign exchange, be able to convert dividends and other Brazilian
currency-denominated distributions from us into U.S. dollars and remit such U.S.
dollars abroad to the Depositary for distribution to you.
DEVELOPMENTS IN OTHER EMERGING MARKETS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT THE MARKET PRICE OF
THE PREFERRED SHARES AND ADSs
The market price or the Preferred Shares and ADSs may be adversely affected by
declines in the international financial markets and world economic conditions.
The Brazilian securities market is, to varying degrees, influenced by economic
and market conditions in other emerging market countries, especially those in
Latin America. Although economic conditions may differ in each country,
investors' reaction to developments in one country can have an effect on the
securities markets and the securities of issuers in other countries, including
Brazil.
For example, in 2001, after prolonged periods of recession followed by political
instability, Argentina announced that it would no longer continue to service its
public debt and formally defaulted on debt held by certain foreign creditors,
ending the peso's one-to-one peg to the U.S. dollar. The situation in Argentina
has negatively effected investors' perceptions towards Brazilian securities.
Although market concerns that similar crises would ensue in Brazil have not
become a reality, the volatility in market prices for Brazilian securities
increased in 2001 and 2002.
Accordingly, adverse developments in Argentina or in other emerging market
countries could lead to a reduction in both demand and the market price for the
preferred shares and ADSs. These events may discourage international investment
in Brazil and, more directly, may hurt the market price of the Company's
Preferred Shares and ADSs.
ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES MAY BE DIFFICULT
The Company is organized under the laws of Brazil. All of the Company's
directors and officers and many of its advisors reside in Brazil and
substantially all of the assets of these persons and of the Company are located
in Brazil.
7
As a result, it may not be possible to effect service of process upon these
persons within the United States or other jurisdictions outside of Brazil.
Similarly, it may not be possible to enforce judgments of non-Brazilian courts,
including judgments predicated on civil liability under the U.S. securities laws
against the Company or its directors and officers.
Brazilian counsel has advised the Company that Brazilian courts will enforce
judgments of U.S. courts for civil liabilities predicated on the U.S. securities
laws only if the judgment satisfies certain requirements imposed by the
Brazilian Federal Supreme Court. The foreign judgment will be enforceable in
Brazil if:
o it fulfills all formalities required for its enforceability under the
laws of the country that granted the foreign judgment;
o it is for the payment of a certain sum of money;
o it was issued by a competent court after service of process was
properly made on us in the jurisdiction where the judgment was
awarded;
o it is not subject to appeal;
o it is authenticated by a Brazilian consular office in the country
where it was issued and is accompanied by a sworn translation into
Portuguese; and
o it is not contrary to Brazilian national sovereignty, public policy or
good morals, and does not contain any provision which for any reason
would not be upheld by the courts of Brazil.
Brazilian counsel has also advised the Company that:
o as a plaintiff, a holder may bring an original action predicated on
the U.S. securities laws in Brazilian courts and that Brazilian courts
may enforce liabilities in such actions against the Company, its
directors, and certain of its officers and advisors;
o if a holder resides outside Brazil and owns no real property in
Brazil, such holder must provide a bond to guarantee court costs and
legal fees in connection with litigation in Brazil; and
o Brazilian law limits the ability of a judgment creditor of the Company
to satisfy a judgment against the Company by attaching certain of our
assets.
POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY DURING ELECTIONS CAN INFLUENCE VOLATILITY IN CAPITAL
MARKETS AND GENERATE POLITICAL INSTABILITY IN THE SHORT RUN
Due to democrate diversity in Brazil, during election periods, political debates
among the candidates and election pools generate uncertainty. This impacts on
the volatility of interest rates, exchange rates and stock market quotes, which
may influence the Company's results. Despite this negative situation, the
unstable environment generated by elections tends to be short term.
At the end of 2002, Brazil elected a new president from the Workers Party, Luis
Inacio Lula da Silva, known as Lula. In the period leading up to, and subsequent
to, his election there was substantial uncertainty relating to the policies that
the new government would pursue, including the potential implementation of
macroeconomic policies that differed significantly from those of the prior
administration.
This uncertainty resulted in a loss of confidence in the Brazilian capital
markets, including the steady devaluation of the real against the U.S. dollar in
that period. Although the new government has not departed in any material way
from previous policy, it is premature to evaluate the way in which investors and
the capital markets will react, whether these policies will continue and whether
they will be effective.
8
Any substantial negative reaction to the policies of the Brazilian government
could adversely affect the Company's business, operations and the market price
of the Company's prefErred shares and ADSs.
RISKS RELATING TO THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS
THE BUSINESS INVOLVES RAISING OF ANIMALS AND MEAT PROCESSING
The Company's operations involve raising animals, which is subject to a variety
of risks, including disease, contamination, consumer health concerns and adverse
weather conditions. Meat is subject to contamination during processing and
distribution. Contamination during processing could affect a large number of the
Company's products and therefore could have a significant impact on its
operations. The Company's sales are dependent on consumer preferences, and the
loss of consumer confidence in the products sold by Brazilian producers as a
result of disease or contamination could affect the Company's results of
operations.
GRAINS ARE THE MOST REPRESENTATIVE ISOLATED COMPONENT OF COGS AND ARE EXPOSED TO
THE VOLATILITY OF THE COMMODITY MARKETS
The Brazilian foodstuffs industry, like the processed feed industry in other
countries, has been characterized by cyclical periods of higher prices and
profitability, followed by overproduction, leading to periods of lower prices
and profitability. The Company believes that Brazilian and export prices for its
product line are likely to remain volatile and subject to cyclical variation.
There can be no assurance that the Company's results will not be adversely
affected by future downturns in real prices. The largest single component of the
Company's cost of sales is the cost of ingredients used in the preparation of
feed. The price of most of the Company's food ingredients is subject to
significant volatility resulting from weather, the size of harvests,
transportation and storage costs, governmental agricultural policies, currency
exchange rates and other factors. The Company does not currently engage in
hedging of its feed costs.
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES CAN AFFECT COSTS AND ARISE NEW REGULATION REQUIREMENTS
Brazilian food producers, including the Company, are subject to stringent
federal, State and local environmental laws and regulations concerning, among
other things, human health, the handling and disposal of wastes and discharges
of pollutants to the air and water. In view of the possibility of unanticipated
regulatory or other developments, particularly as environmental laws become more
stringent both in Brazil and worldwide, the amount and timing of future
expenditures required to maintain compliance could vary substantially from their
current levels and could adversely affect the availability of funds for other
capital expenditures and other purposes.
COMPETITION IN BOTH DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN LIVESTOCK AND FOOD PROCESSING SECTOR IS
VERY STRONG
The Company faces significant competition from other Brazilian producers in the
domestic markets in which it sells its products, and from other world producers
as well in the export markets in which it sells its products. There are other
major vertically integrated Brazilian producers that compete with the Company.
To varying degrees, these companies have substantial financial resources and
strengths in particular product lines and regions. The Company expects that it
will continue to face strong competition in every market and that existing or
new competitors are likely to broaden their product lines and to extend their
geographic scope. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company's
performance will not be adversely affected by increased competition.
INCREASING PROTECTIONIST MEASURES IN BRAZIL'S TRADE PARTNERS COUNTRIES CAN
RESTRICT EXPORTS OF THE LIVESTOCK AND MEAT PROCESSING COMPANIES
Due to the growing share of the Brazilian livestock, pork and poultry sector in
the international market, companies are increasingly being affected by measures
taken by importing countries in order to protect local producers. Because of the
competitiveness of Brazilian companies, several countries have raised several
restrictions to prevent the entrance of Brazilian livestock products. Outcomes
such as quota restrictions or import suspensions in a certain country or region,
can affect substantially the sector's export volumes
9
FMD CASES IN BRAZIL CAN INDIRECTLY AFFECT PORK SALES
Although the detected Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) cases in the south region of
Brazil have affected only cattle, hogs can be contaminated. The Company's animal
breeding facilities are all located in Santa Catarina State, an internationally
recognized FMD free region. No assurance can be given, however, that the Company
will not be affected by FMD, directly, or through limitations on exports.
RISKS RELATING TO SADIA S.A.
THE COMPANY IS CONTROLLED BY A GROUP OF SHAREHOLDERS
The Company is controlled by the group of shareholders party to the Company's
Shareholders Agreement. The Preferred Shares and the ADSs are not entitled to
vote at meetings of shareholders, except in limited circumstances. This means,
among other things, that preferred shareholders are not entitled to vote on
corporate transactions, including mergers or consolidations of the Company with
other companies. In addition, the controlling shareholders have the ability to
determine the outcome of any action requiring shareholder approval, including
transactions such as corporate reorganizations, change of control transactions
and the timing and payment of future dividends. For more information, see item 7
- "Major shareholders and related party transactions".
IF THE COMPANY LOSES ANY OF ITS LARGEST CLIENTS, OR IF THEY SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE
THE AMOUNT THEY PURCHASE FROM THE COMPANY, ITS REVENUE AND OPERATING INCOME
COULD BE MATERIALLY ADVERSELY AFFECTED
The Company's ten largest customers in 2002 accounted for approximately 24% of
the Company's total domestic sales and approximately 14% of its total gross
sales. As a result, if the Company loses any of its ten largest customers or
they reduce significantly the amount they purchase from the Company, the
Company's revenue and operating income could be materially adversely affected.
The Company has been developing new client oriented policies to reduce the
concentration of revenues in a small number of clients and to spread the related
concentration risk.
THE COMPANY'S ABILITY TO EXPORT COULD BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY PORT LABOR
DISPUTES AND DISRUPTIONS AND BY IMPORT RESTRICTIONS
The Company's ability to export is dependent, in part, on factors beyond its
control, including the lack of transport facilities due to strikes or other
causes, or the enactment of Brazilian laws or regulations restricting exports in
general or its products in particular. In addition, regulatory authorities in
various countries have in the past imposed, and in the future may impose, import
restrictions on Brazil's exports, based on health and sanitary standards. Any of
these could materially adversely affect the Company's revenue and operating
income.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY
Sadia's activities are concentrated in the agroindustrial and food processing
segments. The Company's central administrative headquarters is located at Rua
Fortunato Ferraz, 659, Vila Anastacio, Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, CEP
05093-901, Brazil. Its telephone number is (55 11) 3649-3130, the Company's
website is www.sadia.com.br or www.sadia.com and e-mail addresS is
grm@sadia.com.br. Materials posted on the website are not deemed incorporated by
reference into this Annual Report nor made a part hereof.
The Company is the leader in almost all of the markets in which it operates
within Brazil (see "Market Share"). Sadia is the largest slaughterer and
distributor of poultry and pork products, as well as the largest domestic
exporter of poultry, according to the Brazilian Chicken Exports Association
(ABEF). Sadia Group is also the largest distributor of frozen and refrigerated
meat-based products (according to AC/Nielsen). Sadia Group currently has 32,184
employees (December, 2002).
The level of verticalization adopted by Sadia ensures control at all stages of
production and distribution of products. The Company's operations include
breeding farms for poultry and hog grandparent and parent stock, hatcheries,
pork
10
breeding centers, slaughterhouses, processing units, animal feed production
plants, representative offices and distribution centers. Sadia introduced the
vertical integration of poultry and hog breeding, which was initially adopted in
the west of Santa Catarina State. This system is still utilized by the Company.
It consists of a partnership between the industry and the rural producers, with
a view to obtaining animals for slaughter, raised in highly productive breeding
conditions and controlled hygienic-sanitary conditions. Sadia produces one-day
chicks and piglets and supplies them to outgrowers, along with feed, transport,
technical and veterinary assistance.
The Company has 12 plants within Brazil, and distributes its product line of
approximately 630 items through distribution and sales centers spreaded over
Brazil, Latin America, Middle East, Asia and Europe. The table below shows the
Company's production capacity:
Production Capacity (2002)
Production and Capacity Table Capacity - Production - Production -
2002 2002 2001
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chicken Slaughtering (Million 450.4 450.2 435.9
head/year)
Turkey Slaughtering (Million 19.6 19.4 20.9
head/year)
Hogs Slaughtering (Million 4.0 3.9 3.6
head/year)
Processed Products (Th. Tons/year) 490.0 401.2 388.0
Margarine (Th. Tons/year) 158.2 128.9 117.9
Animal Feed (Th. tons) 3,832.0 3,658.9 3,315.0
Source: Sadia S.A.
Within Brazil, Sadia's products are marketed in 330,000 points of sales. The
Group has three sales centers within Mercosur (Argentina, Uruguay and Chile),
and operates in Paraguay and Bolivia through an exclusive distributor. Outside
Latin America, the Company maintains representative offices in Worcester (UK),
Milan (Italy), Tokyo (Japan) and Dubai (United Arab Emirates). The Company
exports around 250 different products to approximately 65 countries.
COMPANY OVERVIEW
Sadia S.A. began in 1944, with the acquisition by Attilio Fontana of the
meatpacker Concordia Ltda., located in the municipality of the same name, in the
Western part of the State of Santa Catarina (Brazil). At the time, the Company
consisted of a wheat mill and an unfinished slaughterhouse for hogs.
Over the course of its 59-year history, the Company evolved on the basis of two
key strategies: the diversification of its portfolio of food products, and
investment in quality.
At the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, the Company's policy of
expansion gave way to rationalization of management and cost structures through
reduction by merger of a number of companies in the Sadia Group. Sadia began the
1990s having the controlling ownership in 21 companies, and began to concentrate
its operations on the production of processed meat products.
From 1997 forward, management has continued the reorganization of the Sadia
Group and has implemented the strategy of concentrating on higher value-added
processed products. In 1997, the Company sold its cattle slaughterhouse in Barra
do Garcas (State of Mato Grosso), four soybean processing facilities (crushing
and refining), 12 purchasing and warehousing centers (for grains), and also
transformed its Varzea Grande slaughterhouse (State of Mato Grosso) into a plant
for the production of processed meat products. In addition, the transport of the
products which had been made by a fleet of owned vehicles was outsourced to
specialized transportation companies.
In July 1998, Sadia was merged with two of its subsidiaries, Sadia Frigobras
S.A. and Sadia Concordia S.A., so that all of the activities of the Sadia Group
were concentrated in a single listed company, Sadia S.A. This resulted from a
gradual process of reorganization with a view to simplifying the Sadia Group
structure, increasing visibility to capital markets, and achieving gains in
scale through the reduction of general and administrative expenses and tax
costs.
On December 28, 1999 Sadia acquired the capital stock of Granja Rezende S.A.
(primarily a producer and distributor of poultry and pork products) for R$
137,303, consisting of cash in the amount of R$ 55,303 and the issuance of R$
11
82,000 notes payable. The operations of Granja Rezende S.A. are included in the
consolidated Statement of income from the date of acquisition. The transaction
was accounted for as a purchase and the excess of the fair value of the net
assets acquired over the cost of the acquisition was allocated to reduce the
value assigned to non current assets.
Immediately following the acquisition of Granja Rezende, the Company decided to
sell Granja Rezende's soybean crushing and oil manufacturing plant, which was
not then in operation, and administrative complex. At December 31, 1999 these
assets were carried at fair value less cost to sell as determined, in the Granja
Rezende purchase price allocation and were classified as assets available for
sale. On March 22, 2000 the Company sold the soybean crushing and oil
manufacturing plant for net proceeds of R$ 30,800 which were equal to the
carrying value of the assets. In addition, at the time of acquisition the
Company determined it would terminate certain employees of Granja Rezende and
provided for their dismissal cost (R$ 3,300) in the allocation of the purchase
price. Subsequent to the acquisition date, these employees were terminated and
paid in the amount provided.
During 2000, the subsidiary Rezende Alimentos Ltda. was converted from a limited
liability company into a corporation and the subsidiary's name was changed to
Sadia Alimentos S.A. On December 29, 2000, the then parent was merged into Sadia
Alimentos S.A., whose name was then changed to Sadia S.A. As the merger was into
a wholly owned subsidiary, there was no effect on the consolidated financial
Statements. The merger is expected to permit an operational and administrative
rationalization, generating administrative and economic benefits and the
utilization of tax loss carryforwards.
The investment in Lapa Alimentos S.A. ("Lapa"), a 50 percent owned investee,
accounted for by the equity method, was terminated during 2000.
In April 2001, the Company listed its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs)
program on the New York Stock Exchange, providing investors an alternate channel
to buy its stocks. In June 2001, the Company adhered to the Level One Corporate
Governance with the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange (BOVESPA) certifying its commitment
to transparency and fair disclosure of information.
In the second half of 2001, Sadia and Sun Valley, a U.K. - based subsidiary of
Cargill Foods formed a partnership. This partnership gave rise to Concordia
Foods Ltd., Worcester - UK, the purpose of which is to explore the potential of
the British market providing direct supply to the retail market, foodservice and
other segments in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
In August 2001, Sadia opened a distribution center in the city of Jundiai - SP,
to supply the Sao Paulo State region, considered as the largest market in
Brazil. The Jundiai DC, is a technological milestone for the Company with 20
square meters of area. The Company has invested R$ 23 million, in facilities and
IT structure.
The Company has also developed a supply company called Apprimus, together with
the Accor Group - a French Group that acts in the food vouchering and
hotel-resort segments - and with Grupo Martins - the largest Brazilian food
wholesaler. Apprimus operates in the food service market, servicing
institutional clients in the domestic market.
In May 2002, Sadia G.M.B.H and its subsidiary, Laxness F.C.P.A. Lda. were
created aiming to leverage exports to the European market.
In August 2002, Granja Rezende S/A was merged into Sadia S/A, aiming cost
reduction either through standardization and rationalization of the
administrative and operational activities as well as by resulting reflections of
financial and fiscal nature.
In October 2002, the investment in BRF Trading Company was discontinued. The
Company was a joint venture between by Sadia (50%) and Perdigao S.A. (50%).
12
GROUP STRUCTURE - DECEMBER 2002
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
The Sadia Group is currently composed of fifteen companies, as shown in the
chart above.
Sadia S.A. concentrates all production, slaughtering, distribution and product
sales activities within Brazil. Sadia International Ltd. is one of the Company's
vehicle for sales outside Brazil, and is also a shareholder of the `Churrascaria
Beijing' steakhouse, which was established in Beijing in partnership with Sky
Dragon, a company linked to the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture. Rezende Oleo
and Rezende Mkt. e Comunic. Ltda. are non operational. Sadia G.M.B.H. is a
holding that controls Laxness F.C.P.A.lda., an offshore company responsilble for
part of Sadia's export operations. Sadia Argentina, Sadia Uruguai and SadiA
Chile are each responsible for the distribution and sales of Sadia's products in
their respective countries, while Sadia Italia is a representative office.
Nordfin Holding Limited owns 40% of Sadia Chile. Ez Food Servicos, also known as
Apprimus, is a joint venture between Accor and Grupo Martins, with equal
participations for each partner. Concordia Foods is a joint venture company
between Sadia (50%) and Sun Valley Foods (50%) to explore the UK market.
Concordia CVMCC is a brokerage firm authorized to operate in accordance with
current Brazilian legislation.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
The Company's operations are organized into three segments: "Processed Products"
(frozen and refrigerated products and margarines), "Poultry" (chickens and
turkeys) and "Pork".
Of the Company's total gross operating revenue in 2002, 45% was derived from the
processed products segment, poultry 38% and pork 11%, and 6% from other
activities, such as the grain and by-products segment, hog and poultry breeding,
boiled beef parts, and resale of products.
Within the strategic policy of the Company to emphasize products with greater
added value (processed products), Sadia opted to reduce its activities related
to cattle and grains and by-products. Starting in 1998, the effects of this
strategy showed in the reduced contribution of such activities in the revenue of
the Company. The remaining activities related to the grains and by-products
segment currently consist of the crushing of soy to obtain the meal used as a
raw material in the production of feed for the Company's stock and that of the
integrated producers, and the sale of raw oil resulting from crushing.
13
Sadia currently produces a range of products that includes: frozen,
refrigerated, salted and smoked pork cuts, lard, bacon, ingredients for
"feijoada" (a Brazilian pork and bean stew); frozen and refrigerated pork and
chicken giblets; whole frozen and seasoned chickens; frozen and refrigerated
poultry cuts and parts; marinated and partially cooked chicken parts; whole
frozen and seasoned turkeys; frozen and seasoned turkey cuts and parts; breaded
chicken parts; raw, cooked and smoked hams; "tender" gammons, hams, cold cuts
and related products; "Parma-type" hams; smoked chickens and turkeys; cooked and
smoked turkey hams and turkey-based cold cuts; partially cooked and frozen
products, such as beef, turkey and chicken meatballs; beef, turkey and
chicken-based hamburgers; pork, turkey and chicken based frankfurters; sausages;
bolognas; salamis; coppa; turkey-based hams; cold cuts in general; chicken, meat
and pork-based pates; beef, poultry and fish-based frozen ready-made dishes and
pasta; frozen ready-made foods for heating and serving as meals and snacks, such
as breaded poultry, fish and appetizers, frozen pizzas and refrigerated fresh
pasta; and margarine.
The following tables present sales volumes and gross operating revenue for the
years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000.
SALES VOLUME (TONS) 2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOMESTIC MARKET 751,041 729,642 797,831
Processed Products 503,612 472,230 450,570
Poultry 143,941 185,100 276,163
Pork 103,488 72,312 71,098
EXPORTS 607,694 445,375 360,827
Processed Products 25,347 16,377 13,214
Poultry 494,035 380,118 321,682
Pork 88,312 48,880 25,931
TOTAL 1,358,735 1,175,017 1,158,658
Processed Products 528,959 488,607 463,784
Poultry 637,976 565,218 597,845
Pork 191,800 121,192 97,029
Source : Sadia
GROSS OPERATING REVENUE 2002 2001 2000
(IN R$ MILLION)
===================================================================================
DOMESTIC MARKET 2,726.8 2,497.1 2,384.6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processed Products 1,931.5 1,670.1 1,543.0
Poultry 374.7 410.9 490.7
Pork 197.7 137.4 109.9
Other (*) 222.9 278.7 241.0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPORTS 1,928.0 1,480.0 873.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processed Products 183,1 97.4 69.8
Poultry 1,385.5 1,148.8 705.1
Pork 318.8 186.6 69.9
Other (*) 40.6 47.2 28.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 4,654.8 3,977.1 3,257.9
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processed Products 2,114.6 1,767.5 1,612.8
Poultry 1,760.2 1,559.7 1,195.8
Pork 516.5 324.0 179.8
Other (*) 263.5 325.9 269.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(*) Other: Grains and by-products,boiled beef parts, pig and chicken breeding
and resale of products Source: Sadia
14
The following table presents the breakdown of gross operating revenue in
percentage terms by segment, for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and
2000:
Breakdown of Gross Operating Revenue (in %)
BREAKDOWN OF GROSS OPERATING REVENUE
================================================================================
SEGMENT 2002 2001 2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processed Products 45% 44% 50%
Poultry 38% 40% 36%
Pork 11% 8% 6%
Other* 6% 8% 8%
(*) Other: Grains and by-products,boiled beef parts, pig and chicken breeding
and resale of products Source: Sadia
PROCESSED PRODUCTS
As a result of the Company's strategy of concentrating on higher value-added,
higher margin products, the processed products segment results increased in the
second half of the 1990s. Production rose from 239.0 tons in 1994 to 528.9 tons
in 2002, when such products accounted for 45% of the Company's gross operating
revenue.
Sadia operates nine plants that manufacture processed products, eight of which
are dedicated to meat processing and one to margarine production. These plants
are located close to their suppliers of raw materials or to the main domestic
centers of consumption.
Sadia's processed products segment comprises a wide range of products,
including: frozen products (hamburgers, breaded products, ready-made dishes and
pizzas), refrigerated products (hams, sausages, frankfurters, bolognas, salamis,
cold cuts, product portions and refrigerated pasta) and margarine - the majority
of which are sold under the "Sadia" brand.
Sadia sells most of its processed products in the domestic market, which
accounted for 91.1% of gross operating revenues from this segment in 2002. The
exports of processed products currently account for 4.0% of gross operating
revenues, which have grown by 92.7% over the past year.
Most of the raw materials used by Sadia derive from meats and soy oil produced
by the Company, with only small volumes of pork acquired from third parties. By
contrast, all beef that is processed by the Company is produced by selected
suppliers, who are subject to inspection by the Federal Agriculture Ministry.
There are no suppliers who individually account for over 10% of Sadia's total
purchases of beef.
Sadia believes that its use of chicken meat as a raw material for processed
products should grow substantially for two reasons: (i) the increase in the
range of chicken-based products such as breaded products, and (ii) an increasing
share for this kind of meat in the composition of other processed products, such
as sausages, frankfurters and bolognas. The development of specialized products
(boiled and roasted products) for the institutional and foreign markets should
also contribute to the increase in chicken production.
The following table presents gross operating revenue from sales of processed
products by product line, for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.
15
PROCESSED PRODUCTS
GROSS OPERATING REVENUE 2002 2001 2000
(IN R$ MILLION)
=================================================================================================
FROZEN 415.7 369.7 312.8
Hamburger 105.2 91.8 85.1
Breaded Products 183.4 162.4 113.6
Portions 20.1 15.1 15.5
Frozen ready-made dishes 107.0 100.4 98.6
REFRIGERATED 1,329.5 1,122.0 1,052.2
Ham and Related 239.1 235.5 216.9
Sausages 308.9 258.6 219.8
Frankfurters 139.5 119.3 121.7
"Light" line 133.9 124.2 107.7
Bolognas 99.6 88.7 81.0
Salamis 55.5 56.9 50.6
Cold cuts 39.1 42.2 40.9
Other 313.9 196.6 213.6
MARGARINE 369.4 275.8 247.8
TOTAL 2,114.6 1,767.5 1,612.8
POULTRY AND PORK
In 2002, Sadia's sales of non-processed products reached R$ 2,276.7 million, and
accounted for 48.9% of the Company's total gross operating revenue. Among such
products, chicken is the most significant, accounting for 30.3% of total sales
in 2002, followed by turkeys and pork, which accounted for 7.5% and 11.1% of
sales, respectively. The Company exports significant amounts of fresh meat,
which in 2002, accounted for 88.4% of total export revenue.
Sadia operates seven chicken slaughterhouses. Three are located in the State of
Parana, two in the State of Santa Catarina, one in the State of Minas Gerais and
one in the State of Mato Grosso. The Company also operates three turkey
slaughterhouses, one in Santa Catarina State, one in Minas Gerais State and one
in Parana State, and five slaughterhouses for hogs, two in Parana State, one in
Santa Catarina State, one in Minas Gerais State and one in Rio Grande do Sul
State.
The table below shows slaughtering volumes of the Company for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 in thousands of units:
SLAUGHTERING VOLUMES (million units)
2002 2001 2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chickens 450.2 435.9 417.2
Turkeys 19.4 20.9 18.8
Hogs 3.9 3.6 3.3
Source : Sadia
16
The following table shows gross operating revenue from non-processed products,
for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.
POULTRY AND PORK
GROSS OPERATING REVENUE (in R$ million)
2002 2001 2000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NON- PROCESSED PRODUCTS
POULTRY 1.760,2 1.559.7 1,195.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHICKENS 1.413,7 1.267.9 951.6
Whole 677.3 564.5 466.3
Parts 662.4 584.8 392.0
By-products/Other 74.0 118.6 93.4
TURKEYS 346,5 291.8 244.2
Whole 74.6 67.2 65.5
Parts 261.2 220.0 169.8
By-products/Other 10.7 4.6 8.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PORK 516.5 324.1 179.8
===================================================================================================
TOTAL 2,276.7 1,883.8 1,375.6
===================================================================================================
Source : Sadia
PRODUCTION PROCESS
PROCESSED PRODUCTS
The Company uses special cuts of pork, chicken and turkey, as well as selected
and shaped fragments for the production of hams, sausages, frankfurters,
bologna, hamburgers, pressed ham and related products. Seasonings and secondary
raw materials are applied to each product type or line, according to established
formulas, in order to ensure consistency, color, texture and flavor. The
presentation of final products is achieved by shaping, casing, cooking and
freezing in special machines. Products are then subjected to quality controls
and distributed to the consumer market after having been packaged, labeled and
boxed.
POULTRY
The production process for poultry consists of four stages. The first two entail
direct investment by the Company in grandparent and parent stock. The third
relates to the commercial stock of birds, and involves the direct participation
of integrated farmers, and the last is the slaughtering process.
Grandparent and parent stock. The Company imports grandparent stock from the
United States in the form of eggs, that are hatched in Sadia's hatcheries and
then raised on Company-owned farms. These birds produce parent stock that is
also raised on Company-owned farms, and that in turn produce eggs. The operation
involves nine hatchery centers, six of which produce "one-day-chicks" and three
"one-day-turkeys". The "one-day-chicks" are supplied to third-party outgrowers.
Sadia operates a similar system for turkeys, importing eggs from Canada to
produce grandparent stock that in turn produces parent stock that is raised on
Company-owned farms. The Company is not dependent on any foreign supplier for
its genetic resources, nor does it face any barriers to their development.
Commercial Stock. The "one-day-chicks" produced by parent stock are supplied to
integrated outgrowers who are responsible for raising the birds. The Company has
contracts with approximately 5,300 outgrowers, to which it provides feed,
technical and veterinary assistance to allow such outgrowers the outgrowing
process up to the time the birds reach slaughtering age, which for chickens is
normally 40 days (at a weight of 1.93 kg). There are no employment agreements
between Sadia and the outgrowers, who generally carry out this activity in order
to supplement their income. Most outgrowers farm on a small scale and raise 6
flocks per year (each flock consists of
17
approximately 14,000 chickens). The Company remains the owner of the birds, and
at the end of each production cycle, pays an outgrowing commission fee based on
a performance index that is calculated as a function of indicators such as bird
mortality, feed to meat conversion ratio and average weight. The fee paid to the
integrated farmers covers the outgrowing costs, raw materials, labor and their
net profit.
Slaughtering. Poultry are slaughtered through a process by which they are
electrically stunned. They are then bled by puncturing of major blood vessels.
After heating to a temperature of 55/60o C, they are plucked and gutted by
automatic machines. The gutting process is subject to health control and
inspection. The carcasses are then moved for cooling or freezing at respective
temperatures of 6o C or -12/-18o C, and are then packaged according to the
required standards of Servico de Inspecao de Produtos Animais (SIPA)
(Animal-based Product Inspection Agency). At this stage, the whole birds are
either distributed to the consumer market as fresh meat or used as raw material
in processed products.
PORK
The Company produces grandparent, parent and piglet stock on its own farm.
Half the parent stock produced by Sadia is supplied to integrated outgrowers who
receive feed, medicine and technical assistance by way of support. These parent
animals produce hogs that are sold to Sadia for slaughter, after the fattening
process is completed. The other half of the parent stock produced by the Company
is sold to piglet producers, who also receive feed, medicine and technical
assistance. Sadia repurchases the piglets at market prices and distributes them
to integrated outgrowers, who after the fattening process sell such pigs to
Sadia for slaughter.
Slaughtering. The hogs are slaughtered through a process in which they are bled
after being stunned electrically. After heating to a temperature of 60/64o C,
their bristles are removed by automatic machines. The animals are then dried,
flamed, brushed and gutted, which process is subject to health inspection. After
cooling to a temperature of 5o C, the carcasses are cut up and processed.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW - DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
Processed Products
Consumption of processed products is influenced by several factors, including
the increase in consumer disposable income, and efforts related to the
development of products, with a view to meeting consumer demand for more
sophisticated products.
The processed products segment is divided into three categories: frozen
products, refrigerated products and margarines.
Frozen Processed Products
In 2002, the Brazilian market for frozen processed products accounted for
revenue of US$ 284,342 thousands. Approximately 80.3% of this total is
attributable to the two largest companies - Sadia and Perdigao S.A.
Consumption of frozen products is less sensitive to variations in disposable
income among the population. This is explained by the fact that a large
proportion of the total volume of the segment is consumed by higher income
groups. Brazilian Market for Frozen Processed Products.
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
----------------------------------------------------------
Sales (US$ `000) 284,342 293,815 299,630 293,957 388,228
change % (3.2%) (1.9%) 1.9% (24.3%) 18.9%
Volume (tons) 107,494 91,722 74,359 73,053 66,249
change % 17.2% 23.4% 1,8% 10.3% 22.7%
Source: ACNielsen
18
Due to the characteristics of frozen processed products - with production
concentrated among a small number of companies, and supply aimed at a more
restricted group of consumers - the Company believes that volume sales of frozen
processed products will maintain their growth trend, although at rates below the
20% annual average registered between 1998 and 2002. In any case, since the
market for frozen processed products is still far from mature within Brazil, the
Company believes that its medium and long-term prospects are highly positive
based on the trend over the preceding five years.
Refrigerated Processed Products
In 2002, the Brazilian market for refrigerated processed products accounted for
sales of US$ 954,908 thousands. The two largest companies in this market
together accounted for approximately 56.0% of net sales, according to ACNielsen,
with the remaining share being split among a large number of small companies.
Brazilian Market for Refrigerated Processed Products
BRAZIL 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sales (US$ `000) 954,908 1,112,836 1,403,449 1,306,432 1,936,433
change % (14.2%) (20.7%) 7.4% (32.5%) (2.6%)
Volume (tons) 582,845 575,111 569,043 559,261 523,953
change % 1.3% 1.1% 1.7% 6.7% 8.2%
Source: ACNielsen
Margarine
The raw material for margarine is crude soybean oil, which is subjected to
refining and bleaching processes. Fats are obtained by hydrogenating bleached
oil. Both of these materials are deodorized in order to prepare the "blend". The
process is completed by the preparation of an emulsion, the cooling and
crystallization of the product, placing into containers, and the packing of
these into boxes.
PRINCIPAL MARKETS WHERE THE COMPANY COMPETES
In 2000, Sadia had an average of 27.0% of its gross operating revenues provided
from exports, in 2001 the Company increased this ratio to 37.2% and in 2002
exports reached 41.4% of total sales. The table set forth below presents the
main regions of the world where the Company has commercial relations and the
discussion that follows describes the main trends and expectations for its
markets.
EXPORTS BY REGION - R$ `000 2002 2001 2000
---------- -------- -------
Europe 572,615 486,149 276,166
Middle East 534,055 486,149 282,716
Asia 287,272 212,690 166,381
Mercosul 50,128 60,769 82,011
Emerging markets (mainly
Russia and other former Soviet 483,927 234,291 66,116
Union countries)
---------- ------------ --------
1,927,997 1,480,048 873,390
========== ============ ========
POULTRY - BROILER AND TURKEY
The international poultry market has been characterized by a long-term decline
in real prices, and by cyclical phases of high profitability, followed by
periods of excessive supply, and a fall in prices and profitability.
According to the FAS World Broiler Trade Overview Report, dated March 20, 2003,
the 2003 total broiler meat exports in 2003 for major exporting countries are
forecast at 5.7 million tons, less than a 1 percent decrease from the 2002
level.
19
The decrease in exports is mainly attributed to restrictions in Russia's poultry
imports. Russia, the largest market for poultry products, announced an annual
poultry import quota of 1.05 million tons. The pro-rated quota, equal to 744,000
tons, will be effective May 1, 2003, and will be allocated by country. As a
result of the quota, world broiler meat imports for major countries will fall by
about 2 percent from the 2002 level, and competition in other markets among the
major exporting countries is expected to stiffen.
BROILER PRODUCTION (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
China 9,844 9,558 9,278 9,269 8,550 8,120
Brazil 7,700 7,355 6,567 5,980 5,526 4,498
European Union 6,720 685 6,822 6,654 6,614 6,789
Mexico 2,297 2,188 2,067 1,936 1,784 1,587
India 1,500 1,400 1,250 1,080 820 710
Thailand 1,450 1,380 1,230 1,070 980 930
Japan 1,085 1,097 1,074 1,091 1,078 1,097
Canada 975 945 927 877 847 798
Malaysia 846 832 813 786 684 660
South Africa 760 745 730 707 681 667
Others 6,110 6,941 6,904 6,866 6,631 6,523
TOTAL FOREIGN 39,287 33,126 37,662 36,316 34,195 32,379
UNITED STATES 14,505 14,467 14,033 13,703 13,367 12,525
WORLD TOTAL 53,792 47,593 51,695 50,019 47,562 44,904
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Broiler (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
BROILER CONSUMPTION (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
China 9,844 9,555 9,262 9,413 8,766 8,224
European Union 6,390 6,410 6,522 6,191 6,048 6,168
Brazil 6,150 5,767 5,326 5,087 4,776 3,904
Mexico 2,571 2,452 2,308 2,158 1,972 1,770
Japan 1,855 1,809 1,797 1,772 1,742 1,697
Russia 1,774 1,697 1,588 1,320 1,279 1,297
India 1,495 1,398 1,249 1,080 820 710
Canada 974 944 927 891 866 794
Thailand 970 915 805 742 692 656
Malaysia 881 866 846 812 705 668
Others 7,224 8,133 8,230 8,202 8,144 7,849
TOTAL FOREIGN 40,128 39,946 38,860 37,668 35,810 33,737
UNITED STATES 12,215 12,273 11,557 11,474 11,251 10,502
WORLD TOTAL 52,343 52,219 50,417 49,142 47,061 44,239
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Broiler (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
20
TURKEY PRODUCTION (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
European Union 1,740 1,760 1,777 1,740 1,830 1,700
Brazil 195 182 165 137 115 107
Poland 170 165 150 115 92 90
Canada 152 147 149 152 139 139
Hungary 90 88 84 78 73 62
Mexico 14 13 13 12 12 11
Russian Federatiion 11 9 7 7 8 9
South Africa 5 5 4 3 2 1
Other - 5 8 95 91 86
TOTAL FOREIGN 2,377 2,374 2,357 2,339 2,362 2,205
UNITED STATES 2,541 2,557 2,490 2,419 2,372 2,366
WORLD TOTAL 4,918 4,931 4,847 4,758 4,734 4,571
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Turkey (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
TURKEY CONSUMPTION (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
European Union 1,570 1,560 1,602 1,553 1,640 1,526
Mexico 169 156 161 152 142 130
Poland 167 163 158 108 85 99
Canada 146 143 135 137 136 139
Brazil 110 92 96 93 89 87
Russia 86 169 171 170 169 156
Hungary 63 63 69 55 51 49
South Africa 20 20 19 24 21 17
Other 33 49 142 142 105
-
TOTAL FOREIGN 2,331 2,399 2,460 2,434 2,475 2,308
UNITED STATES 2,320 2,316 2,269 2,223 2,223 2,214
WORLD TOTAL 4,651 4,715 4,729 4,657 4,698 4,522
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Turkey (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
KEY EXPORTERS
United States
Broiler meat exports in 2003 are forecast at 2.3 million tons, a 7 percent
increase from the 2002 level. Broiler exports to traditional markets in Asia and
the Americas are expected to remain strong, while exports to Russia, the largest
market for U.S. broiler exports, will face challenges due to a Russian quota on
poultry imports effective May 1, 2003. The Russian quota, if applied flexibly to
both bone-in and boneless poultry, would provide for access exceeding the level
of average monthly shipments in 2002. However, if the quota breakout remains as
Russia has announced, U.S. bone-in poultry exports to Russia will be negatively
affected. Mexico's provisional safeguard on imports of leg quarters, thighs, and
drumsticks for the next 6 months is large enough to accommodate historical
export levels, but will reduce potential growth that was anticipated with the
elimination of all NAFTA duties and quotas in January. Mexico's provisional
safeguard does not apply to imports of other poultry products.
21
Brazil
Broiler meat exports in 2003 are forecast at 1.55 million tons, a 2 percent
decrease from the 2002 level. The decrease in exports is mainly attributed to
limited access to the Russian markets caused by Russia's introduction of a
poultry import quota in 2003. Brazil was allocated only 5 percent, or 33,300
tons, of the Russian poultry import quota for the May-December period. The
allocated volume is 11 percent of what Brazil exported to Russia in 2002. Major
importing countries' sanitary concerns about Brazilian products will also
challenge Brazil's exports in 2003.
European Union
Broiler exports are forecast to be 720,000 tons in 2003, down 15 percent from
2002. An outbreak of high pathogenic Avian Influenza in the Netherlands in early
2003 will be the largest factor in reduced exports. The Netherlands accounts for
29 percent of EU broiler exports to the world. In addition, increased
competition from Brazil in Middle East markets will be a factor as well. The EU
is the world's third largest broiler exporter.
Thailand
Broiler meat exports in 2003 are forecast at 480,000 tons, a 3 percent increase
from the 2002 level. Thailand's further processed products exports to Japan and
the EU are expected to remain strong, as those products increase Thailand's
export value while minimizing importer's sanitary concerns. In 2002, Thailand's
further processed cuts exports, mainly to Japan and the EU, grew faster than the
growth rate seen in fresh/frozen cuts exports.
BROILER EXPORTS (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brazil 1,550 1,588 1,241 893 750 594
European Union 720 850 718 762 764 788
Thailand 480 465 425 328 288 274
China 400 438 489 464 375 323
Canada 80 75 69 55 47 53
Hungary 32 32 35 35 45 52
Saudi Arabia 20 20 20 16 16 21
United Arab Emirates 20 20 20 20 19 23
Australia 15 15 19 14 12 13
Argentina 14 10 6 5 3 6
Others 48 44 44 45 63 71
TOTAL FOREIGN 3,379 3,557 3,086 2,637 2,382 2,218
UNITED STATES 2,325 2,177 2,521 2,231 2,080 1,978
WORLD TOTAL 5,704 5,734 5,607 4,868 4,462 4,196
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Broiler (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
22
TURKEY EXPORTS (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
European Union 235 285 261 248 234 209
Brazil 85 90 69 44 26 20
Hungary 32 30 24 26 25 20
Canada 15 14 14 14 10 10
Poland 13 12 12 13 15 4
Mexico 5 6 8 8 4 1
Other - - 1 7 6 12
TOTAL FOREIGN 385 437 389 360 320 276
UNITED STATES 213 199 221 202 172 202
WORLD TOTAL 598 636 610 562 492 478
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Turkey (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
KEY IMPORTERS
China
Broiler meat imports in 2003 are forecast at 400,000 tons, an almost 9 percent
decrease from the 2002 level, as gains in production displace imports. China's
broiler production series for 1987-2001 was revised upward to include not only
western breeds but also domestic breeds as production of domestic breeds has
reportedly grown to meet consumer tastes. The western breeds are predominantly
used for commercial meat production. Domestic breeds, mainly yellow chicken, are
multi-purpose, used for meat and egg production. Inclusion of both breeds in the
supply and distribution balance sheet, more accurately measures broiler
consumption in the country.
European Union
European Union broiler imports in 2003 are projected to decline 5 percent from
the previous year to 390,000 tons. The EU made changes to tariff regulations on
salted poultry meat in 2002, which lead to reductions in imports from Brazil and
Thailand. Imports are expected to decline due to the tariff changes and shifts
in consumption. The EU is the world's fourth largest broiler importer.
Hong Kong
Broiler meat imports for 2003 are forecast at 210,000 tons, nearly an 8 percent
increase from the 2002 level. Increased demand for chilled chicken from China is
the key factor for the gain. Hong Kong's imports from China grew to 38,000 tons
in 2002, mainly whole birds, accounting for nearly 20 percent of its total
broiler imports.
Japan
Broiler meat imports for 2003 are forecast at 760,000 tons, a 2 percent increase
from the 2002 level. Imports of further processed product, mainly from China and
Thailand, are expected to remain strong, supported by strength in the
ready-to-eat food market. Japan's safeguard on beef imports, once triggered, may
stimulate Japan's broiler consumption.
Mexico
Broiler meat imports in 2003 are expected to increase 4 percent from the revised
2002 import level to 275,000 tons, supported by the removal of tariff rate
quotas (TRQs) and tariffs on products except leg quarters, thighs, and
drumsticks. Leg quarters, thighs, and drumsticks are subject to a tariff-rate
quota under a provisional safeguard. All other poultry products are imported
duty free as NAFTA TRQ's and tariffs were eliminated on January 1, 2003. As a
result of a U.S.- Mexico bilateral agreement, Mexico introduced a provisional
safeguard measure that went into effect on January 23, 2003. The provisional
safeguard establishes a tariff-rate quota of 50,000 tons at zero duty for 6
months
23
(ending July 23, 2003). Additional imports of leg quarters, thighs, and
drumsticks during this period are subject to a 98.8 percent tariff. In the
meantime, bilateral negotiations continue to develop final safeguard provisions
that should be published by July 2003.
Russia
In 2003, broiler imports are forecast at 1.125 million tons, down 7 percent from
the previous year. The quota does not go into effect until May 1, 2003, allowing
for unlimited imports between January and April. In anticipation of the
impending quota, importers have been maximizing their imports keeping private
stocks filled to capacity. Russia is the world's largest broiler importer.
Saudi Arabia
Broiler meat imports in 2003 are forecast to be 185,000 tons, down 1 percent
from 2002. The reduction in imports is attributed to increased domestic
production and sanitary concerns over antibiotics in Brazilian broiler meat.
Production is forecasted to increase 6 percent, outpacing consumption growth.
Brazil, Saudi Arabia's leading supplier of broiler meat, is currently facing
scrutiny from the Saudi government over a discovery of the antibiotic Nutrofuran
in broiler meat.
BROILER IMPORTS (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Russia 1,125 1,208 1,281 943 930 1,020
Japan 760 744 710 721 667 590
China 400 435 473 608 591 427
European Union 390 410 418 299 198 167
Sadudi Arabia 385 390 399 348 364 287
Mexico 275 265 242 223 190 185
Hong Kong 210 195 233 232 391 268
United Arab Emirates 140 135 123 111 117 122
Korea 98 95 83 67 47 13
Canada 80 72 73 69 62 55
Kuwait 61 60 62 53 54 45
Others 239 245 300 352 377 379
WORLD TOTAL 4,163 4,254 4,397 4,026 3,988 3,558
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Broiler (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
TURKEY IMPORTS (000 METRIC TONS)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mexico 160 149 156 148 134 120
Russia 75 160 164 163 161 147
European Union 65 85 86 61 44 35
South Africa 15 15 15 21 19 16
Poland 10 10 16 10 8 13
Canada 6 6 5 4 5 4
Hungary 5 5 9 3 3 7
Other - 28 34 52 66 30
TOTAL FOREIGN 336 458 485 462 440 372
WORLD TOTAL 336 458 485 462 440 372
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Turkey (Ready
to cook equivalent) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
24
PORK
Trade policy will dictate the tone of 2003 global pork trade. The Russian tariff
rate quota (TRQ) announced on January 23, 2003, is expected to limit Russian
pork imports to 630,000 tons, a 21-percent decline from the 2002 import level.
Japanese import growth will slow to an estimated 1 percent as beef consumption
continues to recover from BSE concerns. Mexican pork imports are forecast
unchanged from 2003. The combined effect of these measures suggests greater
competition among the world's leading pork exporters.
PORK PRODUCTION (000 METRIC TONS - CARCASS WEIGHT EQUIVALENT)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
China 44,100 43,000 41,845 40,314 40,056 38,837
European Union 17,550 17,550 17,419 17,585 18,059 17,581
Brazil 2,615 2,565 2,230 2,010 1,835 1,690
Canada 1,880 1,835 1,729 1,638 1,550 1,337
Russia 1,750 1,630 1,560 1,500 1,490 1,510
Poland 1,720 1,640 1,550 1,620 1,675 1,650
Korea 1,245 1,153 1,077 1,004 950 992
Japan 1,210 1,228 1,245 1,269 1,277 1,285
Phillipines 1,120 1,095 1,064 1,008 973 933
Mexico 1,100 1,085 1,065 1,035 994 950
Others 3,732 3,769 3,683 3,806 4,128 3,940
TOTAL FOREIGN 78,022 76,550 74,467 72,789 72,987 70,705
UNITED STATES 8,869 8,929 8,691 8,597 8,758 8,623
WORLD TOTAL 86,891 85,479 83,158 81,386 81,745 79,328
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Pork Summary
(p) preliminary (f) forecast
PORK CONSUMPTION (000 METRIC TONS - CARCASS WEIGHT EQUIVALENT)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
China 43,970 42,835 41,764 40,291 40,024 38,740
European Union 16,460 16,315 16,239 16,169 16,723 16,591
Russia 2,379 2,429 2,119 2,019 2,321 2,219
Japan 2,420 2,362 2,268 2,228 2,212 2,146
Brazil 2,115 1,975 1,919 1,826 1,727 1,581
Poland 1,680 1,580 1,487 1,544 1,484 1,462
Mexico 1,360 1,345 1,305 1,252 1,131 1,045
Korea 1,250 1,206 1,159 1,059 984 940
Phillipines 1,130 1,105 1,073 1,032 997 942
Canada 1,105 1,087 1,087 1,047 1,063 955
Others 4,079 4,066 3,988 4,093 4,034 3,690
TOTAL FOREIGN 77,948 76,305 74,408 72,560 72,700 70,311
UNITED STATES 8,610 8,684 8,388 8,457 8,596 8,305
WORLD TOTAL 86,558 84,989 82,796 81,017 81,296 78,616
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Broiler
(Chicken 16 weeks old) Summary (p) preliminary (f) forecast
25
KEY EXPORTERS
UNITED STATES
U.S. pork production is forecast to decline in the second half of 2003 as
producers respond to poor profitability. Despite lower U.S. production, exports
are expected to grow by almost 2 percent in 2003. The impact of the Russian TRQ
will be mostly indirect, as the Russian market accounted for less than 3 percent
of U.S. pork exports in 2002. Mexico's anti-dumping investigation casts a cloud
on the forecast for U.S. pork exports, however, interested groups, both in the
U.S. and in Mexico, appear determined to find a resolution that will preserve
the successes of the NAFTA framework. Mexico accounted for 21 percent of U.S.
pork exports in 2002. While trade with Mexico and Russia appears to have slowed,
demand for U.S. pork in Korea is expected to remain relatively strong. Japan
continues to be the largest market for U.S. pork, accounting for 48 percent of
U.S. exports.
BRAZIL
After extraordinary growth in the last two years, Brazilian pork production is
expected to slow in 2003, as relatively high feed costs and low pork prices are
likely to trim profits for many hog producers. Brazil's exports for 2003 are
forecast to contract by 15 percent from 2002 levels. Russia, which alone
accounts for almost 80 percent of Brazilian pork exports, will be a very
difficult market given the TRQ situation and Russia's ongoing sanitary concerns
with Brazilian pork. However, Brazil is expected to actively seek alternative
markets to offset any losses in Russia.
CANADA
Canadian hog inventories are still growing. The Statistics Canada estimates for
January 1, 2003, show a 2.5 percent increase in the hog inventory, and a 3
percent increase in breeding stock numbers. Canadian pork exports are forecast
to remain strong, growing by over 4 percent in 2003 and representing 47 percent
of production. Although the United States will remain the most important
destination for Canadian pork, accounting for almost 60 percent of exports,
Canada is expected to increase exports to other markets as well. Exports to
Australia and Korea have been increasing, and Mexico remains a major market for
Canadian pork.
EUROPEAN UNION
The 2003 EU pig crop is forecast to decline slightly as the Netherlands and
Belgium continue to face environmental constraints, and the United Kingdom
tackles a feeder pig shortage and problems with sow infertility. While sow
stocks in Germany, Denmark and France appear stable, expanding pork production
in Spain is expected to largely offset declines elsewhere in the EU. The EU pork
export forecast for 2003 has been revised downward to account for the impact of
the Russian TRQ. Russia is the EU's second largest market, accounting for more
than 15 percent of total exports. Elsewhere, the EU is forecast to remain very
competitive.
26
PORK EXPORTS (000 METRIC TONS - CARCASS WEIGHT EQUIVALENT)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
European Union 1,200 1,245 1,235 1,470 1,390 1,034
Canada 875 839 727 658 554 432
Brazil 500 590 337 163 109 105
China 200 225 139 73 75 143
Hungary 110 120 118 143 131 109
Australia 80 78 66 49 37 17
Poland 80 80 88 160 235 220
Mexico 60 60 60 59 53 49
Czech Republic 25 27 14 8 10 27
Korea 25 14 41 30 113 116
Others 7 5 6 14 23 20
TOTAL FOREIGN 3,162 3,283 2,831 2,827 2,730 2,272
UNITED STATES 746 732 708 584 580 558
WORLD TOTAL 3,908 4,015 3,539 3,411 3,310 2,830
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Pork Summary
(p) preliminary (f) forecast
KEY IMPORTERS
UNITED STATES
U.S. pork imports in 2002 grew nearly 13 percent from 2001 levels. For 2003,
pork imports are forecast at 490,000 tons, up less than 1 percent from 2002.
Canada continues to be the most dominant foreign supplier, accounting for about
80 percent of U.S. pork imports. The U.S. and Canadian markets are also
increasingly integrated in the movement of live animals. In 2003, the U.S. is
expected to import close to 5.8 million live hogs, an estimated 69 percent of
which will be feeder pigs. The EU is still in the process of regaining some of
its pre-FMD share of the U.S. pork market. The Country-of-Origin-Labeling (COOL)
provision, mandated under the U.S. Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of
2002, has been causing concerns among U.S. trading partners.
HONG KONG
Pork imports for 2003 are forecast at a record 280,000 tons, up 2 percent from
the 2002 level. A sluggish economy, higher unemployment rate, and a recurrence
of an avian disease outbreak in Hong Kong are causing consumers to switch to
pork from other meats. In addition, consumer preferences are changing from
freshly slaughtered meats to chilled/frozen meats due to gradual changes in
eating habits and concern over sanitary conditions in the wet market. Pork
imports from China continue to increase as the Chinese government now allows
more than one agent to market its meat in Hong Kong. In 2002, China, Brazil and
the EU were Hong Kong's main pork suppliers.
JAPAN
Pork production has been steadily declining due to the shrinking number of swine
producers. Between 1992 and 2001, the number of hog producers dropped 33
percent. During the same time frame, as pork production fell 13 percent,
consumption grew by almost 9 percent. For 2003, imports are forecast to increase
by about 1 percent. The imposition of a safeguard tariff in August 2002, lasting
through March 31, 2003, seems to be having little effect. In 2002, pork imports
grew by more than 8 percent over the previous year. The safeguard raises the
minimum price at which foreign pork can be imported into Japan, making imported
pork less competitive vis-a-vis domestic products. Although the safeguard
typically lowers demand for all imported pork, demand for frozen products tends
to decline the most. Under the safeguard, imported fresh pork, which typically
benefits from larger profit margins, but has a more limited shelf life,
continues to be in relatively high demand. The United States is the largest
foreign supplier to the Japanese market, followed closely by Denmark, Canada and
Mexico.
27
MEXICO
After a record year in 2002, Mexican pork imports are expected to remain level
in 2003. NAFTA provisions eliminated import tariffs and TRQs on pork on January
1, 2003, but mounting pressure from Mexican hog farmers triggered an
anti-dumping investigation on U.S. pork. Despite lingering uncertainty over the
final outcome, producers on both sides are working toward an amicable
resolution. The U.S. accounted for 84 percent of Mexican imports in 2002. Canada
and Chile supplied the balance. Prior to January 1, 2003, Canada had been
constrained by a NAFTA TRQ level much lower than the one facing the United
States. With the elimination of TRQs, Canada is expected to become more
competitive in the Mexican market.
RUSSIA
Russia has introduced a 450,000-ton TRQ for pork under HS code 0203 (fresh and
frozen pork). The intended aim of the TRQ is to boost Russia's domestic
production, decreasing its dependence on pork imports. Production is expected to
increase 7 percent in 2003. Under the TRQ, the 2003 forecast estimates a
21-percent reduction in total pork imports. While not country specific, the TRQ
is expected to mostly affect the largest exporters to the Russian market:
Brazil, the EU and, to a lesser extent, China. In 2002, Russia imported 800,000
tons, an estimated 33 percent of total pork consumption.
PORK IMPORTS (000 METRIC TONS - CARCASS WEIGHT EQUIVALENT)
2003 (F) 2002 (P) 2001 2000 1999 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Japan 1,175 1,162 1,068 995 919 777
Russia 630 800 560 520 832 710
Mexico 320 320 300 276 190 144
Hong Kong 280 274 260 247 217 207
Korea 170 160 123 174 156 66
Canada 100 92 91 68 65 64
China 70 60 58 50 43 46
Australia 60 60 38 45 28 10
European Union 60 60 55 54 54 44
Romania 55 55 46 29 27 53
Other 187 194 169 225 254 220
TOTAL FOREIGN 3,107 3,237 2,768 2,683 2,785 2,341
UNITED STATES 490 486 431 439 375 320
WORLD TOTAL 3,597 3,723 3,199 3,122 3,160 2,661
Source: FAS, official statistics and inter-agency analysis, USDA, Pork Summary
(p) preliminary (f) forecast
SEASONAL NATURE OF BUSINESS
Chicken and pork. Not seasonal in nature.
Processed products.Processed products are seasonal only in the celebration
products, with a higher volume of sales in the fourth quarter.
Turkeys. Turkey production activities are seasonal in nature with respect to
"whole turkeys", whose production is concentrated in the second half of the
year, with a higher volume of sales in the fourth quarter because of Christmas
holidays.
28
RAW MATERIALS
The Company owns eight animal feed plants with an installed capacity of 3.8
million tons per year, a volume sufficient to supply all the animal feed
requirements of its breeding operations. The basic raw materials used in animal
feed production are corn and soybeans, in a mix that contains preservatives and
micronutrients. Sadia supplies the basic animal feed to its outgrowers and sells
the remainder on the spot market.
Sadia purchases corn and soybeans from rural producers, small merchants,
cooperatives, large-scale traders and through auctions organized by the
Brazilian government, as well as occasionally from Argentina. Most of the
production of these raw materials is concentrated in the States of Santa
Catarina, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Goias and Mato Grosso. Grain is received in
sacks or in bulk, and is then weighed. A sample is taken to measure humidity and
impurities in the grain. After approval, the grain is unloaded into a hopper for
cleaning and drying. Grain is then sieved in order to eliminate the residues
that accompany it. After selection and cleaning, the grain is milled and mixed
with the other ingredients of the feed.
The Company uses beef acquired on the market in its production of frozen and
refrigerated processed products, and boiled beef parts. Other inputs, such as
prepared animal intestines (for casing), seasonings and other ingredients,
cardboard boxes, plastic bags (for packaging and labels), and veterinary
medicines (for poultry and hog breeding), are acquired from many different
sources, both at home and abroad.
MARKETING
Sadia's brand name is considered one of the Company's most valuable assets. The
Company maintains an active marketing program using both electronic and printed
media.
Approximately 58% of the Company's marketing budget is spent on television
advertising, 30% on promotions and merchandising, 3% on market research and 9%
in other activities. The Company incurred marketing costs of R$82,154, R$90,519
and R$61,797, during the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively.
Marketing expenses are related to a investments in advertising of specific
campaigns for the launch of higher value-added products and for the
reinforcement of Sadia's brand name.
Business Strategy
Sadia's strategy for maintaining its leadership in the Brazilian food market and
winning share in the international market is to capitalize on the Company's
competitive advantages in its principal segments of operation, and to
concentrate on:
o Developing and introducing value-added products: The Company has, and intends
to continue to, invest substantial resources in maintaining and enhancing its
share of the Brazilian domestic processed products, while expanding poultry
sales, through value-added products, mainly to export.
o Promoting the "Sadia" brand: The Company is undertaking consistent marketing
initiatives that emphasize the quality of its products;
o Achieving economies of scale through further integration of the activities of
the Company: The Company has focused on improving efficiency and reducing
distribution costs by modernizing its distribution centers, implementing an
enhanced logistic information system and a distribution routing system and
automating/optimizing its sales branch management; and
o Exports: The Company is increasing exports while changing product mix to more
value-added products.
29
Logistics
One of the main competitive advantages of Sadia in Brazil is its logistics
system and distribution channels. The Company has been taking many initiatives
to keep sustaining its leadership on this subject, which includes partnerships,
information technology investments and the development of new procedures.
Distribution
The Company has distribution and sales centers within Brazil and three sales
offices in Latin American countries (Argentina, Uruguay and Chile), as well as
an exclusive distributor in Paraguay and Bolivia, and three representative
offices outside Latin America (Milan, Tokyo, Worcester, Dubai and England).
Within the Brazilian market, Sadia sells its finished products to wholesale and
retail outlets, as well as to institutional clients. For the year ended December
31, 2002, the Company sold through 330,000 points of sale throughout Brazil. The
Company's ten largest clients in the domestic market accounted for 14% of its
total sales during this period.
Sadia's distribution strategy is supported by direct sales to customers, thereby
avoiding concentration among a few large customers.
In 2002, 63% of exports were sold to approximately 10 long-standing customers.
All of these customers have imported increasing quantities of the Company's
products over the last ten years. Sadia's group of importers has been changing
since 2000. European countries corresponded to 30% of exports sales in 2002
against 22% in 1999, partly as a consequence of a consistent strategic marketing
campaign and in part due to a distribution partnership made with SunValley, a
British food processing company, which is responsible for the distribution of
Sadia's products in eastern European countries. Exports to emerging markets,
such as Russia and other former Soviet Union countries, had also been growing
consistently, mainly due to pork exports, representing 25% of total exports in
2002 against 18% in 2001. South America represented 3% in 2002 against 4% in
2001, mainly due to the situation of the Argentinean market.
Transport
Sadia uses trucks as the primary method of distributing its products in Brazil.
The Company's distribution system is handled by a network of approximately 1,500
hired vehicles, which service customers directly throughout Brazil. The only
exception to this is the transport of grain, for which the Company uses trains
and waterways. Exports are shipped by sea except within Mercosur countries,
where they are transported by truck.
Distribution by truck is made by refrigerated vehicles, given the perishable
nature of the food products, whose shelf life is approximately 30 days. In the
case of stoppage of transport by virtue of a general strike, the result would be
a complete loss of the products in transit and lack of supply for the points of
sale if the period of interruption is greater than 30 days, an outcome the
Company considers remote. As an alternative to highway transport, supply could
be effected by air, although this would increase the freight cost by more than
20 times. In the case of a sector strike, the impact would be minimized because
the Company has manufacturing units producing the same products located in
different regions of the country.
Shipment of Exports
The Company ships 80% of its exports through the port of Paranagua, in the State
of Parana, with the remainder loaded at the ports of Sao Francisco do Sul and
Itajai, both in the State of Santa Catarina.
In the port of Paranagua, the Company has two refrigerated warehouses with a
storage capacity of aproximately 10,000 tons. These warehouses have a "drive in"
storage system and only operate with palleted cargoes. This system allows the
warehouses to receive 1,000 tons of products per day and to load 2,000 tons per
day onto pallets.
Since one of the warehouses is located in the wharf area, the Company has
priority in the mooring of ships arriving at the port of Paranagua, thereby
avoiding possible cost increases due to delays in loading cargo.
30
The Company ships its cargoes in "full container" or conventional "reefer"
vessels for palleted cargo.
MARKET SHARE
Sadia is the Brazilian leader in frozen and refrigerated processed products, as
based on ACNielsen's surveys. Its market position is supported by significant
investments in its brand, its distribution channels and in quality control.
Ranking in Brazil - 2002
Position Market Share Source
-------- ------------ ------
Frozen Processed Products 1st 45% NIELSEN*
Refrigerated Processed 1st 30% NIELSEN*
Products
Margarine 2nd 28% NIELSEN*
* by revenue
In order to maintain its market share, the Company will continue to concentrate
on launches of higher value-added products. In 2002, Sadia launched 56 products,
against 65 products in 2001 and 89 products in 2000.
Processed Products
Sadia is the domestic leader in processed products (according to ACNielsen),
with a 45% market share of frozen products and a 30% share of refrigerated
products.
Sadia is the second largest domestic producer of margarine, according to
ACNielsen, with a market share of 28% in 2002.
Brazilian Margarine Market
BRAZIL 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
Value (US$ `000) 363,157 352,554 419,016 447,556 618,404
Change % 3.0% (15.9%) (6.4%) (27.6%) 0.5%
Volume (Tons) 262,527 249,035 245,466 242,775 239,361
Change % 5.4% 1.5% 1.1% 1.4% 1.5%
Source: Nielsen
Poultry
In 2002, the Company had 13.0% share of domestic chicken production, and 23%
share of the Brazilian poultry export market. Sadia introduced turkey production
to the Brazilian market in 1973, when its consumption was virtually
non-existent. There is no independent institute or agency that measures the
market share for turkey or turkey-based products in Brazil.
Brazil is a competitor in the international poultry market, ranking as the
second largest exporter in 2002 (according to FAS statistics), with exports
around 1,588 thousand tons. Competitive advantages such as raw materials,
climate and the local labor force are responsible for its performance.
Pork
Approximately 70% of Sadia's pork production is used in its processed products
segment. The remainder is sold as fresh meat cuts in the domestic and
international markets. According to the Brazilian Pork Producers Association, in
2002, the Company had 40% share of domestic pork production, and 17.6% share of
the Brazilian pork export market.
31
Investments in Operations
In 2002, Sadia invested R$ 112.1 million in operations - 8.3% more than in 2001.
Of this amount, 39.9% was allocated to processed products, 30.9% to poultry,
14.7% to pork, and 14.5% in the administrative area . These resources allowed
the Company to launch 56 products - 15 of them within new product lines and 41
within existing ones. In 2001, Sadia invested R$ 103.5 million in operations -
33.5% less than in 2000, 17.4% of which was directed towards processed products,
25.2% to poultry, 7.8% to pork, and 49.6% in other activities.
Environment
Brazilian environmental regulations have their principles established in the
Federal Constitution, with concurrent jurisdiction among the Brazilian Federal
government, the States and the municipalities to regulate the subject. The
public administration at each such level of government is responsible for the
supervision and control of pollution in any form, as well as for the
preservation of forests, hydraulic resources and the fauna and flora. The
integration of all of the federal, State and municipal agencies responsible for
the protection and improvement of environmental quality is undertaken by the
SISNAMA- National Environmental System.
Sadia, as a producer of foodstuffs using a wide range of industrial processes -
especially its meat product lines which require slaughter of animals - is
therefore subject to compliance with all of the legal requirements, covering
environmental risks that are customary in these processes, such as rules
governing treatment of liquid effluents, solid organic waste, particulate
suspension and odors. The Company is careful to respect the environment at all
stages of the production chain, including its activities in the field, the
design of packaging (developed with a view to reducing the quantity of raw
materials used) and adapting the same to recycling processes. In addition to
simply treating residues, Sadia invests in minimizing the generation of these by
optimizing processes and adopting stringent procedures for controlling the
emission of wastes and effluents. Sadia's expenditures related to meeting
environmental requirements and in process optimization amounted to R$ 3.7
million in 2002(R$ 8.5 million in 2001 and R$ 6.5 million in 2000). In 1999,
Sadia received the CNI Ecology Award, granted by the National Confederation of
Industry, in the Protection of Water Resource category. The Chapeco industrial
facility received ISO-14001 certification - recognized by the BVQI (Bureau
Veritas Qualite Internationale). With this certification, the Chapeco unit
became the first slaughterhouse facility to achieve this certificate, which
attests to the conformity of environmental management systems to the ecosystem
in which it operates. Conformity to the norms of the ISO-14001 assures a world
recognized certification and acts as a guarantee of environmental quality which
is required by many countries as a prerequisite for trade relations.
In 2000 the Toledo - PR unit was awarded the Parana Environmental Prize, from
the Parana State Government, as a result of its initiatives on water resources.
The Company's "Economically Sustainable Technologies for the Reduction of
Potential Pollution by Meat Processing Industries" project, implemented in
Concordia (State of Santa Catarina), received the "Expression of Ecology" award
in the Industrial Pollution Control category. The Company's "Liquid Hog Wastes
Treatment Program" at the Faxinal dos Guedes unit (State of Santa Catarina) won
the "Top de Ecologia de 1998" award by ADVB, and the Fritz Muller trophy,
awarded by the Santa Catarina Environmental Foundation (FATMA).
Lastly, in October 1999 Sadia became the first slaughterhouse-meat refrigeration
plant in Brazil to obtain the ISO 14001 certificate--an international standard
governing the performance of companies in the environment and within the concept
of sustainable development, when its unit in Chapeco, State of Santa Catarina,
specializing in the slaughter of chickens, turkeys and in the production of
products based on poultry, was endorsed by the BVQI-Bureau Veritas Qualite
International, based in Switzerland.
Human Resources
The Company ended 2002 with 32,184 employees, as compared with 30,371 at the end
of 2001. Gross Operating Revenue per employee was R$ 145,700 ,an increase of
11.3% when compared to 2001.
Human development activities concentrate on elementary educational background
and technical training. In the field of safety, Sadia has developed and begun to
implement a program for awareness and prevention of workplace
32
accidents. The number of accidents with lost time because of injury, which had a
strong downward trend since 1996, fell from 290 in 2001 to 246 in 2002.
The Company distributes 5% of its operating earnings to all employees with at
least one year of service, excluding equity accounting adjustments, income tax
and social contributions. In 2002, the amount corresponded to R$ 24.7 million,
with premiums of a minimum of 85.8% of the salary of each employee, for profit
sharing handed bonus for good departmental performance.
In April 2000, the Company's Board of Directors approved a stock award plan for
the Directors of the Company. Under the plan, Directors will receive 5%, and may
elect to receive an additional 5% or 10%, of their annual bonus in shares of
Preferred Stock based on the market price of the stock at the date the bonus is
paid. Based on the number of Preferred Shares a Director receives, the Director
will be entitled to a cash payment equal to any increase in the market value of
the Preferred Shares as of March 10 of the third year following the bonus
payment, provided that the Director still holds the preferred stock and is still
a Director of the Company.
The Company believes it maintains satisfactory relations with its employees, and
there have been no strikes or significant labor disputes in recent years.
Current collective bargaining agreements have a term of one year, and are
negotiated between the Company and workers' unions, with such agreements
negotiated separately for each industrial unit. The agreement reached with the
local or regional union applies to the employees of a given unit, whether they
are members of the union or not.
Employee Benefits
Sadia contributes with 0.75% of its payroll to the Attilio Fontana Foundation
(`FAF'), a private pension fund. Employees contribute with 1.5% of their payroll
One of the ten largest employers in Brazil, the Company spent R$ 73.2 million on
benefits during 2002, consisting of meals served, medical assistance,
maintenance of day care centers, life insurance and transportation expenses.
Total Quality Program
The Company maintains a quality control program, called "Total Quality
Management" (TQM). The TQM program's objectives are: (i) to ensure high
standards of quality by implementing a rigorous inspection program of raw
materials and finished products; (ii) to ensure that Company executives stay
informed of product and service performance; and (iii) to achieve the highest
possible level of customer satisfaction.
Sadia's Central Laboratory is responsible for inspecting the Company's products,
and develops and implements new methods for examining food materials for
chemical and biological contamination. It also examines raw materials used in
developing products. The Laboratory also controls the environment of plants, as
well as water and wastewater treatment facilities.
The Company has a series of toll-free lines, and encourages customers to use
these in order to provide feedback on its products and services, which is passed
to the Company's commercial area. This procedure provides Sadia with the
information that it requires in order to correct or improve its quality control
process.
BRAZILIAN FOOD SECTOR REGULATION
Sadia's activities are regulated by the Brazilian Minister of Agriculture, more
specifically, by the SDA - Secretaria de Defesa Agropecuaria (Agricultural and
Cattle Breeding Defense Secretary) under the DIPOA sector (Animal Products
Inspection Department). The latter is responsible for the issuance of
regulations, conduct of inspections and legal support in respect to the
livestock, animal breeding, food processing and any other activity involving
animal related affairs in the Brazilian territory.
33
C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
OWNERSHIP
The Company's most liquid shares are non-voting (Preferred Shares), and 20.8%
(December 2002) of these are owned by foreign investors. The Company has no
current plans to change its ownership structure.
On December 31, 2002, the Company's share capital consisted of 257,000,000
Common Shares and 426,000,000 Preferred Shares. Of the two types of shares
traded in the market, only Common Shares carry voting rights. Under the terms of
the Company's By-laws, however, specific rights attach to the non-voting
Preferred Shares. In accordance with Brazilian law, a company is entitled to
purchase up to 10% (ten percent) of its own stock traded on Brazilian stock
exchanges. See "Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions" and
Item 4.A above for organizational chart, for more information.
D. PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT
In 2002, the Company has operated 12 industrial plants, which include seven
units for poultry production, five units for pork, eight units for animal feed,
two units for crushing of soybeans and nine units for processed products. The
Company has 15 distribution and commercial centers and nine representative
offices and distribution centers abroad.
OPERATING UNITS
The table below lists Sadia's operating units and its principal activities:
STATE CITY ADDRESS PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY
MG Uberlandia Av. dos Eucaliptos, 800 Raising and slaughtering chickens, turkeys
and hogs, processed products and animal feed
MT Varzea Alameda Julio Muller, Raising and slaughtering chickens, processed
Grande/ 1850 - Cristo Rei products and animal feed
Campo Verde
PR Dois Vizinhos Rua Sen. Attilio Raising and slaughtering chickens; animal
Fontana, 2323 feed and crushing of soybean.
PR Francisco Avenida Attilio Fontana, Raising and slaughtering chickens and
Beltrao s/n(0), Km 4 turkeys and animal feed
PR Toledo Av. Senador Atilio Raising and slaughtering chickens and hogs;
Fontana, 1191 processed products; animal feed and soy oil
PR Ponta Grossa Rua Leopoldo Froes, 1000 Raising and slaughtering hogs; pizzas and
pasta
PR Paranagua Av. Senador Attilio Margarine
Fontana, 1501 -- Colonia
Santa Rita
RJ Duque de Estr. Venancio Processed products
Caxias PereiraVeloso, 1479
RS Tres Passos Rua Jose Bonifacio, 300 Raising and slaughtering hogs and animal feed
SC Chapeco Av. Sen. Attilio Raising and slaughtering chickens and
Fontana, 3600 turkeys, animal feed and processed products
SC Concordia Rua Senador Attilio Raising and slaughtering chickens and hogs,
Fontana, 86 processed products and animal feed
SP Sao Paulo Rua Fortunato Ferraz, 365 Processed products
34
Distribution and Commercial Centers
The table below lists Sadia's Distribution and Commercial Centers and the
corresponding region of activity:
STATE CITY ADDRESS REGION OF ACTIVITY
AM Manaus Bairro Chapada - Manaus - AM Brazil North Region
CEP: 69050-010
BA Salvador Granjas Rurais Presidente Vargas, s/n(degree)- Km Brazil Northeast
5,5, Trevo 324 Region
Bairro Campinas de Piraja
CEP: 41290-000
CE Fortaleza Anel Viario de Fortaleza, km 8,2, Pajucara, Brazil Northeast
Maracanau Region
DF Brasilia SIA 33 - lote 150/200 Brazil Federal
CEP: 71200-030 District
MG Belo Rua das Canarias, 223 - Bairro Jardim Atlantico Brazil Southeast
Horizonte CEP: 31560-050 Region
MS Campo Rod. BR 163, km 04, n(degree)6689 - Cidade Morena - Brazil Central region
Grande Zona Rural, CEP: 79064-000
MT Cuiaba Alameda Julio Muller, 1650 Brazil Central States
Bairro Porto Velho - Varzea Grande
PA Belem Rua dos Pariquis, 2999 - Cremacao - Belem Brazil North Region
PE Recife Av. Vinte de Janeiro, 958- Bairro Boa Viagem Brazil Northeast
Region
PR Curitiba Rua Carneiro Lobo, 468 - 4(0)andar Brazil South Region
Batel - CEP: 80240-240
RJ Rio de Av. Dona Tereza Cristina, 1478 Brazil Southeast
Janeiro Bairro Capivari - Duque de Caxias - RJ Region
CEP: 25243-620
RS Porto Rua Paul Zivi, 400 Brazil South Region
Alegre Bairro Jardim, Sao Pedro - CEP: 91040-240
SC Itajai Rua Otto Hoier, 134 Brazil South Region
Sao Vicente - CEP: 88308-100
SP Sao Paulo Rua Fortunato Ferraz, 529/659 -- Terreo Brazil Southeast
Bairro Vila Anastacio Region
SP Jundiai Av. Jose Benatti, s/no, Gleba 3 Brazil Southeast
Region and Sao Paulo
State Region
CEP: 013213-085 - Jundiai, SP
Environmental issues affecting the company's activities
As a poultry and hog livestock and slaughtering company, Sadia's activity
impacts on environmental issues, especially related to water resources
pollution, animal treatment and deforestation. However, the Company takes all
measures to comply with the Brazilian environmental regulations. All its units
have water resources treatment facilities to avoid the contamination of
water-tables and rivers near the units. The Company also strictly supervises the
35
activities taken by the poultry and hog outgrowers. Finally, all firewood for
consumption is provided by self- sufficient legal reserves.
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company's
consolidated financial Statements and notes thereto, and other financial
information included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Through December 31, 1997 the Company's consolidated financial Statements were
prepared on a fully indexed basis to recognize the effects of changes in the
purchasing power of the Brazilian currency. In July 1997 the three-year
cumulative inflation rate for Brazil fell below 100%. However, for accounting
purposes, the constant currency method continued to be used through December 31,
1997. The restated balances of non monetary assets and liabilities of the
Company as of December 31, 1997 became the new basis for accounting and the
financial statement items are no longer restated for inflation beginning January
1, 1998.
COMPANY-RELATED FACTORS
As part of its Strategic Plan, which focuses on higher added-value products
(processed products) together with the simplification of its administrative and
corporate structure and the improvement of tax efficiencies, Sadia has
implemented the following measures:
Grains and by-products
Sadia has some activities related to the segment of grains and by-products
currently consisting on the crushing of soy to obtain the meal used as a raw
material in the production of feed for the Company's own stock and that of the
integrated producers, and refining of crude oil resulting from crushing for
margarine production.
Corporate Reorganization
In July 1998, Sadia Concordia S.A. was merged into Sadia Frigobras S.A., and
changed its name, so that all of the operational activities of the organization
were consolidated into a single public company: Sadia S.A. The initiative
resulted from a gradual process of corporate reorganization with a view to
simplifying its structure and improving economies of scale, through the
reduction of administrative and tax costs.
This initiative resulted in a reduction of 810 employees and dismissal costs of
R$4.0 million, which were recognized in the 1998 financial Statements of which
R$ 2.8 million was included in selling expenses and R$ 1.2 million was included
in general and administrative expenses.
Logistics
In 1998, the transport of products from the distribution and sales centers to
clients was totally outsourced.
The Company disposed of the trucks related to this activity, and a further 1,250
jobs were eliminated at a cost of R$5.0 million, recognized in the 1998
financial Statements which was included in selling expenses.
Sales
In 1998 Sadia invested R$3.5 million in the reorganization of its sales
department. In order to achieve this, the Company adapted its sales structure
and commercial policies to the large chain, wholesale (cash and carry), regional
mid-size clients, traditional retail (small retail), institutional and
distributor channels. The sales force was unified in a single management group,
making it possible for the big retail chains to be serviced by an account
manager, with the support of coordinators, promoters and restockers, starting a
move toward concentration on retail sales in 1999.
For medium and small retailers, the Company instituted telemarketing service,
which complements the market work of the sales force. Sadia's field team became
more productive, balancing the reduction in number of clients serviced and a
reduction in salesmen with an increase in the client portfolio for each
salesman, and a minimum weekly order.
36
For this client service format, Sadia stopped servicing some 23,000 clients, or
approximately 25% of the least profitable active clients, without suffering a
decline in revenue. With the reorganization of its sales force, Sadia estimates
it achieved savings of R$17.4 million in 1999, principally through the reduction
of fixed costs (salaries and related costs and other costs associated with the
sales force) and sales commissions, and the number of employees in this area
dropped from 782 to 575, with lay-off costs of R$ 1.0 million, already
recognized in the 1998 financial Statements which was included in selling
expenses.
Organizational Structure
In 2000, the Company organized its activities in three macro processes so as to
create demand, to reach demand and manage the Corporation, in order to simplify
structures and achieve higher efficiency in the decision-making process, aiming
at a stronger synergy with the Marketing and International areas. Implemented in
the second half of 2000, this change has already had a positive impact on the
mix of products traded in the domestic market, hence increasing profitability.
INVESTMENTS
Granja Rezende
On December 28, 1999 Sadia acquired the capital stock of Granja Rezende S.A. for
R$137.3 million, consisting of cash of R$55.3 million and the issuance of R$
82.0 million notes payable. Granja Rezende is a food producer located in the
strategic Mid-West region of Brazil, in the city of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais
State. Granja Rezende's results from operations were consolidated with Sadia's
figures from the date of acquisition. At the date of acquisition, Granja
Rezende's plant consisted of a processed products manufacturing unit, a chicken
slaughterhouse, a hog slaughterhouse, poultry and hog breeding farms and
hatcheries. Granja Rezende's annual capacity was: slaughtering of 30 million
head of poultry and 245,000 hogs, production of 97,200 tons of processed
products, besides its production of eggs, one-day-chicks for sale and animal
feed. With this acquisition, Sadia expanded its capacity by 7% in the case of
poultry slaughtering, by 9% in hog slaughtering, and by 21% in processed
products production, considering its production capacity at the date of the
acquisition.
The acquisition was made due to some important regional characteristics: the
strategic location in the central region of Brazil close to the suppliers of the
main inputs for poultry and pig farming, the close proximity to the major
consuming centers, a favorable climate for production and a well organized
infrastructure of transport, energy, water, communications and skilled labor.
Additionally, the region is served by a road-rail network and multipurpose cargo
terminal combining air, land and river transport (the Tiete-Parana waterway)
linking the city to the principal markets of Brazil, Mercosur and the world.
Immediately following the acquisition of Granja Rezende, the Company decided to
sell Granja Rezende's soybean crushing and oil manufacturing plant, which was
not then in operation as well as its administrative complex. At December 31,
1999 these assets were carried at fair value less cost to sell as determined in
the Granja Rezende purchase price allocation and were classified as assets
available for sale. On March 22, 2000 the Company sold the soybean crushing and
oil manufacturing plant for net proceeds of R$ 30.8 million which were equal to
the carrying value of the assets.
On August 30, 2002 the Company and Granja Rezende merged. Sadia is still
producing products under the Rezende brand in other units and is also producing
Sadia's products in the Granja Rezende unit. The former denominated Granja
Rezende's activities are now referred to as Uberlandia Unit.
Miss Daisy
During 1999, Sadia acquired 100% of the capital of Miss Daisy. The total
investment amounted to approximately R$ 3.0 million and represents the Company's
entry in a new processed product - frozen desserts.
37
Lapa Alimentos
During 2000, the investment in Lapa Alimentos S.A. ("Lapa"), a 50 percent owned
investee, accounted for on the equity method, was terminated. Property, plant
and equipment received from Lapa were valued at estimated fair value less cost
to sell and classified as assets available for sale at year end. Sadia did not
receive dividends from Lapa in 2000, 1999 and 1998. During 2001 a portion of
Lapa Alimentos' assets was sold at a gain of R$ 0.5 million.
Investment Plans
The Company's investment plan for the year 2003 totals R$ 132.5 million. Of this
amount, the processed products segment will receive R$ 103.8 million, directed
improvements on processing equipment, Marketing, logistics and distribution will
receive R$ 13.2 million, Information Technology R$ 13.3 million and other
corporate departments are going to have R$ 2.2 million on investments. The
Company expects to fund its investment plan with available cash flow generated
from operations.
Enterprise Resource Planning
The principal objective for the installation of the SAP R/3 at Sadia was to
execute on an integrated basis all the Company's management processes and thus
provide the information required for the control and support needed in decision
making at all levels of the organization. SAP/R3 is an integrated enterprise
resource system software that is being implanted at Sadia by Systemanalyse an
Programmentwicklung AG, a German company which develops ERP (Enterprise Resource
Planning) solutions.
The process involves the complete upgrading of the Company's computer network,
which links the Group units through data communication networks via satellite or
dedicated telephone lines and enables 84% of all the functions essential to the
businesses to access the company information system in respect of sales,
production, procurement and financial control activities. The project began in
March 1998 and was concluded by December 2001, at a total cost of approximately
R$ 135 million.
All of Sadia's units are operating all system modules: Finance (FI), Control
(CO), Asset Management (AM), Production Planning (PP), Sales and Distribution
(SD), Materials Management (MM), covering the processes of sales, production
(including the farm production of poultry and pork), logistics, management of
materials and control.
COMPANY'S OPERATIONS AND MARKET OVERVIEW
The Company's operations are organized into three segments: "Processed Products"
(frozen and refrigerated products and margarines), "Poultry" (chickens and
turkeys) and "Pork".
Of the Company's total gross operating revenue in 2002, 45% was derived from the
processed products segment, poultry 38% and pork 11%, and 6% from other
activities, such as the grain and by-products segment, hog and poultry breeding,
boiled beef parts, and resale of products.
The Brazilian market has shown a trend towards concentration as structural
transformations and economic stabilization consolidate themselves. By way of
example, the reduction in transport costs and in taxation tend to reduce the
competitive advantages of regional and/or informal companies, as does the
greater preference of consumers for quality rather than price, following the
reduction of income inequalities.
The six largest companies in the Brazilian poultry sector account for around 42%
of total Brazillian production, while in the case of pork, the three largest
companies account for 50.6%, according to Abipecs (www.abipecs.com.br). As a
result of the low capital and technology barriers to entry, there has been a
proliferation of independent producers that are able to offer unprocessed
products at low prices since they operate on an informal basis and reportedly do
not pay taxes. In the frozen and refrigerated product segments, concentration is
greater, with the two largest producers accounting for 80.3% and 56.0% of the
markets respectively. At times of economic deceleration, predatory competition
in the non-processed meat segment also tends to affect the refrigerated meat
segment.
38
The growth potential of the Brazilian market, and its low input costs are
attractive to international entrants. The main barrier to such companies has
nevertheless been the need to build a wide-ranging refrigerated distribution
chain, and a network of integrated producers. The prices of the sector's
principal raw materials, corn and soybeans, are strongly influenced mainly by
climate conditions. As the Company acts as a relevant player in the local grain
market - Sadia is one of the largest corn and soybean consumer's of the country
- the bargain power that it has towards agricultural producers and it's storage
capacity gives a positive advantage to the Company when negotiating prices and
amounts.
COSTS AND OPERATING EXPENSES
The Company's principal costs of production are incurred in Real and consist of
grains (Corn and Soybeans), packaging, labor and depreciation costs. The Company
operates with an average idle capacity of 18% in processed products lines but
can be at full capacity depending on the market demand. Due to the flexibility
in production lines and to the diversity of the equiment present in the
Company's 12 plants, production can be adapted and reformulated, depending on
the Company's needs to face a determined segment demand.
Corn
During several years, Brazil's corn prices used to be determined only by
domestic supply, production was mainly given in relatively small properties and
had a low level of mechanization. However, during 2002, due to the Real
depreciation and the increased organization of local producers, part of their
crop has shifted to the international market. As a consequence, Brazilian corn
prices went up to adjust to international prices.
In Brazil, there are around 20 different regions, where buyers can bid for the
product. Corn prices tend to be influenced by local supply, but international
prices can influence local quotations.
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Source: Sadia S/A
Soybeans
Soy producers in Brazil have been increasing their productivity during the last
several years and Brazil has become the second largest producer in the world.
Soy production is totally mechanized and grains are cultivated on large
properties. Producers are well organized and production is geared to the export
market. Production is also spread over several regions among the southern,
southeastern and central region of the country, and prices are regionally given
by local supply. However, international prices tend to influence local prices
when foreign demand and supply are imbalanced.
The following chart sets forth Sadia's average monthly buying price of soybeans
for the period between January, 1998
39
and March 31, 2003:
[GRAPHIC OMITTED]
Source: Sadia S/A
DISCUSSION ON CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Critical accounting policies are those that are considered important, complex or
subjective by the Company's management to the understanding of the Company's
financial condition and results, as well as estimates about the effect of
matters that are uncertain. To provide an accurate understanding about how the
Company's management interprets these variables, considering future events, the
next paragraphs will present and discuss these critical accounting policies:
Investments in Debt Securities
In determinating if and when a decline in market value below amortized cost is
other-than-temporary, management evaluates the market conditions, offering
prices and other key measures for the investments in debt securities. When such
a decline in value is deemed to be other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is
recognized in the operating results to the extent of the decline.
Valuation of accounts receivable
The allowance for doubtful accounts is calculated based on estimated losses in
an amount considered sufficient to cover possible losses on receivables of
difficult collection, for overdue invoices over days and in amounts management
considers sufficient to cover any probable losses on realization of the
Company's accounts receivable from customers and is included under selling
expenses.
Inventory
On December 31, 2002, the Company's inventory amounted to R$ 860.6 million, with
an average turnover of 103 days (101 days in 2001). The main reasons for the
variance were the the growth on the breeding flocks due to expected higher
demand which increased livestock and poultry to R$ 413.9 (R$ 274.1million in
2001).
The Company updates its inventories on a monthly basis due to the large number
of items that are maintained. Grain inventories policies involves anticipated
purchases on an average of 100 days with the objective of reducing commodity
market impacts on costs. Inventories are stated at lower of cost or market using
the average cost method.
40
Contingencies
The Company is party to certain legal proceedings arising in the normal course
of business, and has made provisions when it believes that it can reasonably
estimate probable losses. The Company believes that the provisions made are
sufficient to cover probable losses and does not believe there is a reasonable
possibility of any material losses in excess of the amounts provided. In
connection with some of these proceedings the Company has made judicial
deposits, which will only be released upon a favorable judgment. For more
information on the details of the Company's pending legal proceedings, see Note
13 of the Company's consolidated financial Statements and Item 8 "Financial
Information".
Deferred Tax Assets
As of December 31, 2002, the Company had approximately R$160.0 million of net
deferred tax assets. Loss carryforwards have no expiration date and are
available to offset up to 30% of future taxable income in any given year. At
December 31, 2002, the Company had loss carryforwards of R$121.4 for income tax
and R$136.2 for social contribution tax.
The realization of these assets is based upon estimates of future taxable
income. In preparing estimates of future taxable income, the Company used the
same assumptions and projections used in its internal 3-year forecasts. Based on
these projections, the Company estimates that the loss carryforwards will be
fully utilized within 3 years. For more information see Note 15 of the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements.
PENSION PLAN
The Company accounts for its defined benefit pension plans in accordance with
SFAS No. 87, which requires that amounts recognized in financial Statements be
determined on an actuarial basis. A substantial portion of the Company's pension
amounts relate to its defined benefit plan. SFAS No. 87 and the policies used by
the Company, notably the use of a calculated value of plan assets (which is
further described below), generally reduced the volatility of pension income
(expense) from changes in pension liability discount rates and the performance
of the pension plan's assets.
The most significant element in determining the Company's pension income
(expense) in accordance with SFAS No. 87 is the expected return on plan assets.
The company has assumed that the expected long-term rate of return on plan
assets will be 12.4%.The assumed long-term rate of return on assets is applied
to a calculated value of plan assets, which recognizes changes in the fair value
of plan assets in a systematic manner over every year. This produces the
expected return on plan assets that is included in pension income (expense). The
difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is
deferred. The net deferral of past asset gains (losses) affects the calculated
value of plan assets and, ultimately, future pension income (expense).
At the end of each year, the Company determines the discount rate to be used to
discount plan liabilities. The discount rate reflects the current rate at which
the pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. The
Company considers a conservative position to estimate this rate, based on future
expected salary increases and life expectancy of participants. At December 31,
2002, the Company determined this rate to be 11.3%.
At December 31, 2002, the Company's consolidated prepaid pension asset was R$
19.0 million up from R$12.7 million at the end of 2001. The increase was
principally due to a higher interest rate applied over plan assets than the
estimated rate. The Company currently expects that consolidated pension expense
for 2003 will not be materially different as accrued in 2002. Plan assets at
December 31, 2002, included 24,998,558 common shares and 12,566,000 preferred
shares of the Company (24,998,558 common shares and 14,166,000 preferred shares
at December 31, 2001) with an aggregate fair value of R$ 57,140. Dividends paid
by the Company on shares held by the plan were R$ 3,473 million for the year
ended December 31, 2002.
41
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations." This statement requires the Company to recognize the fair value of
a liability associated with the cost the Company would be obligated to incur in
order to retire an asset at some point in the future. The liability would be
recognized in the period in which it is incurred and can be reasonably
estimated. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15,
2002. The Company expects to adopt this standard at the beginning of its fiscal
2003. The Company believes the adoption of SFAS No. 143 will not have a material
impact on its financial position or results of operations.
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated
with Exit or Disposal Activities." SFAS No. 146 addresses financial accounting
and reporting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities and replaces
EITF Issue No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination
Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred
in a Restructuring)." SFAS No. 146 requires that a liability for a cost
associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the liability is
incurred. SFAS No. 146 also establishes that fair value is the objective for
initial measurement of the liability. The statement is effective for exit or
disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. The Company believes the
adoption of SFAS No. 146 will not have a material impact on its financial
position or results of operations.
In November 2002, the FASB issued FIN 45, "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure
Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of
Others" ("FIN 45"). The Interpretation requires expanded disclosure to be made
in the guarantor's financial statements in regards to the guarantees and
obligations under certain agreements. It also requires that a guarantor
recognize, as the inception of the guarantee, a liability for the fair value of
the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The disclosure requirements
of FIN 45 are effective for financial statements issued after December 31, 2002
and have therefore been applied in the accompanying financial statements. The
recognition requirements of FIN 45 are applicable for guarantees issued or
modified after December 31, 2002. The Company is still evaluating the effect, if
any, that adoption of the Interpretation will have on its financial condition
and results of operations.
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation 46, "Consolidation of
Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46"). The Interpretation clarifies the
application of Accounting Research Bulletin 51, "Consolidated Financial
Statements", to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the
characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient
equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional
subordinated support from other parties. FIN 46 requires existing,
unconsolidated variable interest entities ("VIE") to be consolidated by their
primary beneficiaries if the entities do not effectively disperse risks among
parties involved. All companies with variable interest in VIE's created after
January 31, 2003 shall apply the provisions of this Interpretation to those
entities immediately. A public company with a VIE created before February 1,
2003, shall apply the provisions of this Interpretation to that entity no later
than the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting period after June
15, 2003. For VIE's for which an enterprise holds a variable interest that it
acquired before February 1, 2003, FIN 46 may be applied by either restating
previously issued financial statements or prospectively from the date of
adoption. The Company will begin applying the provisions of this new
announcement effective January 1, 2004. The Company will adopt the
Interpretation on a prospective basis.
BRAZILIAN ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Sadia's results of operations and its financial condition are dependent on
Brazil's general economic condition and particularly on (i) economic growth and
inflation and their impact on people's purchasing power, (ii) financing costs
and the availability of financing, and (iii) exchange rates between Brazilian
and foreign currencies. The following table sets forth Brazilian GDP growth,
inflation and the devaluation of Brazilian currency against the U.S. dollar and
interest rate changes for the periods shown.
42
2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
Real GDP growth (1) 1.54% 1.51% 4.2% 1.01% 0.04%
Inflation (2) 25.30% 10.38% 9.95% 20.1% 1.78%
Nominal Exchange Rate Variation 52.27% 19.15% 9.30% 40.01% 8.27%
Real Interbank Rate - CDI (3) (4.96%) 6.24% 6.82% 4.27% 26.34%
(1) Source: IBGE
(2) Source: IGP-M, as published by the Getulio Vargas Foundation
(3) Source: ANDIMA (adjusted by the IGP-DI inflation rate).
The Brazilian economy has been affected by interventions on the part of the
Government, which has made repeated changes in its monetary, credit, tariff and
other policies, in order to influence the direction of the national economy. The
changes in policies involving foreign exchange and tax rates could have a
significant impact on the Company's business and its operating results, in the
same way as inflation, currency devaluation, social instability and other
political, economic and diplomatic issues, and the reaction of the Brazilian
government to these issues.
Inflation and Real Plan Effects
Inflation has traditionally had a negative effect on the Brazilian economy in
general in past years, and on the profitability and operating results of the
Company in particular. In an attempt to control inflation, the Government has at
times imposed wage and price controls, and reduced its spending. Inflation and
the measures adopted by the Government, combined with public speculation about
its future decisions, have also contributed to periods of uncertainty in the
economy, as well as to increased volatility in the Brazilian securities markets.
In addition, the Government's desire to control inflation and reduce budget
deficits may cause it to make actions that slow Brazilian economic growth.
After the implementation of the Real plan, which was based on an exchange rate
anchor (Reais x US dollar), inflation rates declined and stabilized at low
levels. This new economic environment increased the purchasing power of part of
the population which had been used to high inflation levels and did not have
access to financial instruments to reduce their monetary losses due to high
inflation. Consumer goods and income experienced a growth and credit
availability increased.
According to the General Prices Index - IGP- M of the Fundacao Getulio Vargas
Brazilian inflation amounted to 1,246.62% in 1994, 15.24% in 1995, 9.20% in
1996, 7.74% in 1997, 1.78% in 1998, 20.1% in 1999, 9.95% in 2000, 10.38% in 2001
and 25.30% in 2002.
Exchange Rate Effects
From March 1995 until January 1999, the Brazilian Central Bank managed a
semi-fixed exchange rate policy based on the establishment of an annual exchange
rate fluctuation target at the beginning of each year, setting both a wide limit
or "band", and a much narrower band, in order to effect a gradual devaluation by
means of this exchange rate band system. The Central Bank bought or sold U.S.
dollars in the market in order to ensure that the exchange rate remained within
established limits.
In an attempt to stem the increasing capital outflows and concerns about the
commitment of certain State governments to the fiscal austerity proposal, on
January 13, 1999, Brazilian monetary authorities halted their intervention to
maintain the previous system of exchange rate bands underpinned by a specific
rate and allowed the Real's value to be determined by the foreign exchange
markets, intervening only to limit wide swings in the value of the currency.
Since then, the exchange rate market has been operating under a floating rate
regime and the Central Bank has implemented an inflation targeting policy, using
internal interest rates to adjust demand. A resulting negative side-effect of
this policy can be reflected in high interest rate levels, increasing cost of
capital to the Company and raising uncertainty in the financial markets about
the capacity of Brazil to pay its debts, increasing the sovereign risk. A
floating exchange rate can also be pressured by the deterioration of these
fundamentals, impacting dollar-related price references which has the negative
effect of contaminating local prices and causing reduction in consumption and a
decrease in GDP growth.
43
Although the Company uses Reais as its functional currency, a relevant amount of
its assets, liabilities and revenues is dollar denominated. In December 2002, R$
1,928.0 million (41.4%) of the Company's revenues were collected in US Dollars,
coming from export proceeds, R$ 1,217.0 million of its assets were dollar
denominated, mainly attributable to Brady Bonds, government debt securities and
accounts receivable from foreign market clients. The Company's total debt
subject to exchange rate variation amounted to R$ 2,431.3 million at December
31, 2002.
During 2002, the 52.3% devaluation of the Reais increased the sales proceeds of
the Company's products, when measured in reais. This effect was also
potentially enhanced by the international dollar prices of its main exported
products, reflected in its cash flow from operating activities. Due to Reais
denominated costs and dollar denominated revenues in a currency devaluation
environment, the Company experienced higher margins from exports.
The devaluation of the Reais impacts the amount available for distribution to
the Company's shareholders when measured in U.S. dollars. Considering that the
Company has subsidiaries abroad, the devaluation of the Reais creates foreign
exchange gains and losses, which are included in the Company's foreign currency
exchange gain (loss), net account in results of operations. In 2002, on a
consolidated basis, the Company recorded foreign exchange gain (including gains
from foreign currency swaps) of R$ 2.7 million.
The specific foreign currency risks which caused Sadia to enter into swap
contracts, beginning in March 1999, to protect itself against further possible
devaluation of the Real were associated with currency fluctuation exposure on
the U.S. dollar denominated (short and long term) debt. The contracts protect
against these risks by committing Sadia and the counter-parties to positions in
foreign currency, thereby offsetting, to the extent of these contracts, the
effects of currency fluctuations on foreign currency debt. The Company's net
debt foreign currency exposure (U.S. dollar-denominated debt less foreign
currency and interest rate swaps contracts) was R$ 668.4 million at December 31,
2002. At December 31, 2002 and 2001 the notional amounts of the outstanding
contracts were R$812,280 and R$332,671 and the fair values were R$163,548 and
R$14,137, respectively. The weighted average pay rates on the Company's
outstanding foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts are floating rate
based on CDI (Interbank Deposit Certificates). The fair values of the Company's
foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts were estimated based on quoted
market prices of comparable contracts. See "Item 10 - Additional Information",
and "Item 11 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk".
A. OPERATING RESULTS
The following table summarizes certain selected financial data of the Company's
Statements of operations, expressed as percentages of net operating revenue, for
the years as shown.
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001 2000
-------------------------------------
% % %
Net operating revenue 100.0 100.0 100.0
Cost of goods sold (69.3) (64.5) (75.2)
-------------------------------------
Gross profit 30.7 35.5 24.8
Selling expenses (20.9) (20.0) (19.5)
General and administrative expenses (1.2) (1.5) (1.8)
Other operating expenses , net (0.3) (0.5) (0.4)
-------------------------------------
Total operating expenses (22.4) (22.0) (21.7)
=====================================
Operating income 8.3 13.5 3.1
=====================================
44
The following table summarizes certain items of the Company's Statements of
operations for the years as shown.
Segment Information - in thousands of Reais - R$
2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------------
NET OPERATING REVENUE
Processed products 1,796,137 1,599,497 1,441,716
Poultry 1,883,729 1,642,726 1,192,841
Pork 473,579 288,198 170,300
Other 33,690 72,049 76,419
-----------------------------------------------
Total net operating revenue 4,187,135 3,602,470 2,881,276
===============================================
Other net operating revenue is primarily attributable to grain and
by-products and beef products operations.
2002 2001 2000
DEPRECIATION EXPENSE
Processed products 35,182 36,400 32,299
Poultry 36,926 34,724 26,291
Pork 9,993 6,546 4,629
Other 637 2,155 3,346
-----------------------------------------------
Total depreciation expense
allocated to 82,738 79,825 66,565
Segments
Depreciation allocated to
administrative 9,398 9,077 6,950
expenses
-----------------------------------------------
Total depreciation expense 92,136 88,902 73,515
===============================================
SEGMENT OPERATING INCOME 2002 2001 2000
Processed products 58,705 82,935 50,908
Poultry 239,653 338,570 37,622
Pork 40,403 57,079 1,859
Other 6,561 9,269 69
-----------------------------------------------
Total operating income 345,322 487,853 90,458
Interest expense (317,755) (201,210) (187,268)
Interest income and other 266,462 144,635 190,519
Foreign currency exchange loss 2,701 (171,377) (72,775)
-----------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes,
equity income or loss of
investees and minority interest 296,730 259,901 20,934
===============================================
45
2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------------
SEGMENT ASSETS
Processed products 399,222 390,498 408,885
Poultry 309,054 312,173 334,063
Pork 105,388 99,087 97,558
Other 46,406 55,895 48,930
-----------------------------------------------
Total property, plant and 860,070 857,653 889,436
equipment
Reconciling items - corporate assets
Cash and cash equivalents 455,596 269,550 192,053
Held-to-maturity investments 723,999
Available for sale debt
securities 831,045 686,571 774,232
Accounts and notes receivable, 468,954 377,824 393,421
net
Inventories 860,594 685,115 529,897
Other corporate assets 775,369 448,592 423,754
-----------------------------------------------
Total consolidated assets 4,975,627 3,325,305 3,202,793
===============================================
2002 2001 2000
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
Processed products 44,753 18,013 50,286
Poultry 34,692 26,088 55,651
Pork 16,529 8,075 7,001
Other 16,148 51,346 42,741
-----------------------------------------------
Total segment capital 112,122 103,522 155,679
expenditures
===============================================
The following table sets forth components of the Company's cost of goods sold,
expressed in percentage, for the years as shown.
Composition of cost of Year ended December 31,
goods sold (%)
2002 2001 2000
Raw Materials 75.9 76.5 73. 6
Labor 11.7 12.6 11.4
Depreciation 2.7 3.4 3.7
Other 9.7 7.5 11.3
Total cost of goods sold 100.0 100.0 100.0
46
STRUCTURE AND PROFITABILITY OF THE COMPANY'S OPERATIONS
PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002 COMPARED WITH DECEMBER 31, 2001
The following discussion presents comparisons of results of operations for the
twelve month periods ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. Additionally, the
discussion on December 31, 2001 and 2000 results of operations is presented
afterwards.
Gross Operating Revenue
In 2002, Sadia's Gross Operating Revenues posted a 17.0% increase over 2001,
reaching R$ 4,654.8 million. The domestic market was less favorable than
expected, but the Company maintained its leadership in the frozen, refrigerated,
poultry and pork segments, reaching the second position in the margarine
segment, from third in 2001. Domestic sales accounted for 58.6% of total
revenues. Gross revenues from exports were up by 30.3%, mainly due to increased
poultry and pork sales volume to Russia and other emerging markets and favorable
foreign exchange effect. During 2002 the Company sold 1,358,735 tons , 15.6%
percent above the 1,175,017 tons sold during 2001.
DOMESTIC MARKET
Revenues from domestic sales reachedR$ 2,726.8 million, 9.2% above the R$
2,497.1million obtained in 2001. During 2002, volume sold increased 2.9%, from
729,642 tons in 2001 to 751,041 tons in 2002 (including grains and by-products,
boiled beef parts, pig and chicken breeding and resale of products) while
weighted average sales prices slightly rose 6%.
EXPORT MARKET
During 2002 international average prices for poultry and pork dropped 28.8% and
32.5% respectively in dollar terms, as a result of the oversupply in European
countries and the Russian market. Despite this fact, revenues increased by
30.3%, from R$ 1,480.0 million in 2001 to R$ 1,928.0 million in 2002. Export
sales as a percentage of gross revenues increased from 37.2 % in 2001 to 41.4 %
in 2002 and volumes sold reached 607,694 tons, 36.4% over the 445,375 tons
shipped in 2001.
PROCESSED PRODUCTS
In the processed products segment, sales in the domestic market contributed with
R$ 1,931.5 million during 2002, reaching 503,612 tons, up 15.7% and 6.6%,
respectively, when compared to 2001. For the processed products exports the
Company reached R$ 183.1 million in 2002, up 88.0% on the R$ 97.4 million
registered in 2001. Volumes exported were 54.8% higher, from the 16,377 tons in
2001 to 25,347 tons in 2002.
POULTRY
During the course of 2002, there was a a 22.2% drop in volumes sold in the
domestic market for whole birds and pre-cuts of chicken and turkey, which were
relocated to the export market. The drop in volumes sold was not offset by price
increases and the segment gross revenues were at R$ 374.7 million, 8.8% below
the R$ 410.9 million reached in 2001.
Gross operating revenue from poultry sales to overseas markets totaled R$
1,385.5 million, 20.6% above the R$ 1,148.8 million reached in 2001, with
494,035 tons sold, 30.0% up on the previous year. Turkey exported volumes posted
a 14.2% increase over the previous year. This result is a consequence of
depressed dollar prices during the year, due to the oversupply of poltry and
pork meat.
47
PORK
Gross revenues from pork sales in the domestic market reached R$ 197.7 million,
43.9% above the R$ 137.4 million registered in 2001. This increase was due to
the 43.1% hike in volumes, with 103,488 tons sold, compared to the 72,312 tons
sold in 2001.
Pork exports amounted to R$ 318.8 million, 70.8% above the R$ 186.6 million
reached by the segment in 2001. During the year, exported volumes increased
80.7%, to 88,312 tons, from 48,880 tons shipped in 2001. The main factor that
contributed to this performance was the oversupply in the Russian market.
Sales Deductions and Value Added Tax on Sales
Value-added tax on sales consist of ICMS, the Social Contribution on Sales
(COFINS) and the contribution to the Social Integration Program (PIS), and
amounted R$ 417.3 million, 42.3% above the 293.3 million reached in 2001. Total
sales deductions decreased by 38.2% from December 31, 2001 to December 31, 2002,
amounting to R$ 81.4 million and R$ 50.3 million, respectively. Sales deductions
and VAT ratio as a percentage of gross operating revenues was 10.1% in 2002,
against 9.4% in 2001. The lower percentage in 2001 was due to tax credits the
Company was entitled to, amounting approximately R$ 85 million.
Cost of Goods Sold
In 2002, Cost of Goods Sold was R$ 2,903.2 million, versus R$ 2,322.7 in 2001,
and though 25.0% higher than in 2001, represented 69.3% of net revenues, versus
64.5% in the previous year. This increase of 4.8 percentage points is basically
due to higher prices of dollar denominated cost components - grains and
packaging. For Sadia, corn prices increased by 123.2% above year end 2001
closing market prices. The costs of soya for the Company in 2002 were 78% above
2001 closing market prices. The Company maintained its inventory policy that
involves advance purchases, aimed at alleviating commodity market impacts on its
costs. Salaries and wages are renegotiated on a yearly basis and the date of
adjustment depends on the agreements set up with regional Unions for each State
where the Company has operations, with a direct impact on labor costs.
Depreciation expenses booked as costs represented 2.7% of CGS, versus 3.4%in
2001.
Selling Expenses
Sales expenses of R$ 876.8 million were 21.6% higher than the R$ 720.8 million
in 2001. These expenses represented 20.9% of net revenues, 0.9 percentage point
above the ratio registered in 2001. This increase in the ratio was mainly
because of shipping costs increases, due to largersales volume.
General and Administrative Expenses
In 2002, General and Administrative Expenses totaled R$ 49.1million,
representing 1.2% of net revenues, versus R$ 54.0 million in 2001, when they
represented 1.5% of net revenues. This is in line with better dilution of fixed
expenses as a result of the investments in the implementation of a new ERP
system, which has resulted in an optimization of certain G&A processes.
Other Operating expenses, net
Other operating expenses, net was a negative result of R$ 12.8 million, 25.1%
below the R$ 17.1 million posted in 2001. The decrease is primarily attributable
to lower allowances for civil contingences, which amounted to R$ 8.1 million in
2002 and R$ 11.1 million in 2001.
Interest Expense
Interest expense in 2002 amounted R$ 317.8 million, 58.0% above the R$ 201.2
million accounted in 2001. This increase in expense of R$ 116.6 million was
mainly due to the growth on Reais denominated short and long term debt, which
are subject to higher interest rates (R$ 167.3 million charged in 2002 against
R$ 64.1 million charged in 2001).
48
Interest Income
Interest income increased from R$ 144.6 million in 2001 to R$ 266.5 million in
2002. This 84.3% change was mainly due to higher net cash provided by financing
and operating activities.
Foreign Currency Exchange Gain (Loss), net
The devaluation of the Brazilian Real during 2002 was offset by several swap and
hedge operations. Althought there was partially an increase on the Company's
dollar based debt from 16% in 2001 to 29.7% of total net debt by the end of
2002, the Company protected its exposure against devaluations of the Real, and
entered into foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts to mitigate
currency devaluation effects.
Foreign exchange currency gain (loss) accounted for a net positive result of R$
2.7 million, which was comprised by a net exchange rate loss of R$ 271.7 million
(R$ 201.7 million in 2001, loss) and a positive amount of R$ 186.1 million from
hedge operations (R$ 19.7 million in 2001). In addition, the investments
denominated in foreign currencies generated an exchange rate gain of R$ 88.4
million (R$ 10.6 million in 2001).
Income Tax Expense
Income tax amounted R$ 12.2 million in 2002, against R$ 51.1 million in the
previous year. A significant portion of earning generated abroad and the
exchange gains on investments held in foreign currencies outside of Brazil were
non-taxable in 2002.
Net Income
The operating profitability achieved from the Company's operations, principally
in the export business, contributed to the earnings growth to R$ 284.3 million
in 2002, against a R$ 203.5 million profit posted in 2001.
PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001 COMPARED WITH DECEMBER 31, 2000
The following discussion presents comparisons of results of operations for the
twelve month periods ended December 31, 2001 and 2000.
Gross Operating Revenue
In 2001, Sadia's Gross Operating Revenues posted a 22.1% increase over 2000,
reaching R$ 3,977.1 million. The domestic market was less favorable than
expected, but the Company maintained its leadership in the frozen, refrigerated,
poultry and pork segments, with 63% of revenues coming from domestic sales.
Gross revenues from exports were up by 69.5%, benefited by the recovery of
international poultry and pork prices, by the favorable foreign exchange effect
and by improvements in the Company's product mix. During 2001 the Company sold
1,258,931 tons (including grains and by-products, boiled beef parts, pig and
chicken breeding and resale of products) ,one percent higher than in 2000.
DOMESTIC MARKET
Revenues from domestic sales reached R$ 2,497.1 million, 4.7% above the R$
2,384.6 million obtained in 2000. Despite the 8.8% drop in volumes traded, from
885,154 tons in 2000 to 813,556 tons in 2001(including grains and by-products,
boiled beef parts, pig and chicken breeding and resale of products) the revenue
increase was possible due to increases in the value of the mix, reflecting an 8%
growth in weighted average prices.
Due to the decreasing supply of poultry meat to the domestic market, average
prices rose 24.7% in comparison to 2000, pork prices increased by 22.6% and
processed product prices posted a 3.5% increase, which explains higher revenues
despite lower volumes sold.
49
EXPORT MARKET
The recovery in international prices for poultry and pork, coupled with the
foreign exchange situation that favored exports, allowed for a 69.5% increase in
exports, from R$ 873.4 million in 2000 to R$ 1,480,048 million in 2001. The
share of exports in overall gross revenues increased from 27% in 2000 to 37% in
2001 and total shipments reached 449,375 tons, 85,702 tons greater than the
363,673 tons shipped in 2000.
PROCESSED PRODUCTS
In the processed products segment, sales in the domestic market contributed R$
1,670.1 million during 2001, reaching 472,230 tons, up 8.2% and 4.8%,
respectively, in 2000. Despite the expected drops in sales due to the
electricity rationing program effects on demand, sales of frozen products volume
increased by 8.8%, coupled with a 5.4% hike in average prices, while
refrigerated products gross revenues increased 5.7%. By the end of the third
quarter, however, the Company was having trouble passing on cost increases,
which affected its profitability.
For the processed products exports the Company reached R$ 97.4 million in 2001,
up 39.3% on the R$ 69.8 million registered in 2000. Volumes exported were 23.9%
higher, from 13,214 tons in 2000 to 16,377 tons in 2001.
POULTRY
During the course of 2001, there was a reduction of 91,063 tons in the volume
supplied to the domestic market, representing a 33% drop in whole birds and
pre-cuts of chicken and turkey, which were relocated to the export market. The
drop in volumes sold was not offset by price increases and the segment gross
revenues were at R$ 410.9 million, 16.3% below 2000.
Gross operating revenue from poultry sales to overseas markets totaled R$
1,148.8 million, 62.9% above the R$ 705.1 million in 2000, with 380,118 tons
sold. International average chicken prices grew 18.3% in dollar terms during the
year, with volumes sold 18.2% up on the previous year. Turkey average dollar
prices ended 2001 down 7.6%, with traded volumes 32% above the previous year.
This result is a consequence of Sadia's strategy to increase shipments, mainly
of more value added poultry products, mainly of special parts and also a
recovery in average prices associated with higher volumes of exports due to
higher demand for white meat due to the "mad cow" disease outbreaks in Europe.
PORK
Gross revenues from pork sales in the domestic market reached R$ 137.4 million,
25.0% above the R$ 109.9 million registered in 2000. This increase was due to
the 22.6% hike in prices, with 72,312 tons sold, 1.7% above the 71,098 tons sold
in 2000, as result of an improved mix.
Pork exports amounted to R$ 186.6 million, R$ 116.7 million above the R$ 69.9
million reached by the segment in 2000. During the year, the average dollar
price climbed 18.6%, and exported volumes added 22,949 tons to the 25,931 tons
shipped in 2000. The factors that most contributed to this performance were the
heating up of demand in Russia and the return of Middle Eastern countries to the
international market.
Sales Deductions and Value Added Tax on Sales
Value-added tax on sales consist of ICMS, the Social Contribution on Sales
(COFINS) and the contribution to the Social Integration Program (PIS). Total
sales deductions changed 36.2% from December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001,
amounting to R$ 81.4 million and R$ 59.7 million, respectively. Despite that,
sales deductions and VAT ratio as a percentage of gross operating revenues was
9.4% in 2001, against 11.6% in 2000. This reduction was due to a final court
decision that the Company had overpaid social contributions in past years, which
were required to be paid under the social integration program known as PIS, in
the amount of R$84,690 and were recorded as a reduction of sales taxes in the
consolidated Statement of operations for the year 2001 results.
50
Cost of Goods Sold
In 2001, Cost of Goods Sold was R$ 2,322.7 million, versus R$ 2,167.0 in 2000,
and though 7.2% higher than in 2000, represented 64.5% of net revenues, versus
75.2% in the previous year. This decrease of 10.7 percentage points is due to a
lesser exposure of overall costs to the dollar compared to the higher
dollar-denominated revenues from exports. For Sadia, corn prices fell 12% below
year end 2000 closing market prices. The costs of Soya for the Company in 2001
were 8% below market prices. The Company maintained its inventory policy that
involves advance purchases, aimed at alleviating commodity market impacts on its
costs. Salaries and wages are renegotiated on a yearly basis and the date of
adjustment depends on the agreements set up with regional Unions for each State
where the Company has operations, with a direct impact on labor costs.
Depreciation expenses booked as costs represented 4.4% of CGS, versus 3.9%in
2000.
Selling Expenses
Sales expenses of R$ 720.8 million were 28.0% higher than the R$ 563.0 million
in 2000. These expenses represented 20.0% of net revenues, 0.5 percentage point
above the ratio registered in 2000. During 2001,an additional 84,548 tons of
products were channeled to exports, in comparison to 2000 volumes, thus
increasing logistics expenses.
General and Administrative Expenses
In 2001, General and Administrative Expenses totaled R$ 54.0 million,
representing 1.5% of net revenues, versus R$ 51.6 million in 2000, when they
represented 1.8% of net revenues. This decrease reflects the higher efficiency
of the Company's staff during a period of expanding business, confirming cost
reduction efforts.
Other Operating expenses, net
Other Operating expenses, net was a negative result of R$ 17.1 million, 86.8%
above the R$ 9.2 million posted in 2000, mainly due to allowances for civil
contingencies, amounting R$ 11.1 million.
Interest Expense
Interest expense in 2001 amounted R$ 201.2 million, 7.4% above the R$ 187.3
million paid in 2000. This increase in expense of R$ 13.9 million was mainly due
to higher interest rates in the domestic market.
Interest Income
Interest income decreased from R$ 190.5 million in 2000 to R$ 144.6 million in
2001. This 24.1% change was primarily due to the reduction of long-term
investments denominated in U.S. Dollars with higher interest rates than the cash
and cash equivalents denominated in Reais with lower interest rates.
Foreign Currency Exchange Loss, net
The devaluation of the Brazilian Real during 2001 accounted for the main impact
on foreign currency exchange loss, which increased 135.5%, from R$ 72.8 million
in 2000 to R$ 171.4 million in 2001. The Company reduced its dollar based debt
from 84% in 2000 to 16% of total net debt by the end of 2001, to mitigate
currency devaluation effects for the next periods.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax amounted R$ 51.1 million in 2001, against R$ 21.8 million in the
previous year. The main increase was due to the increase in pretax income and
tax provided on undistributed earnings of a foreign subsidiary offset in part by
the movement in the valuation allowance and the benefit from the deductibility
of interest attributed to shareholders' equity.
51
Cumulative Effect of Accounting Change, Net of Tax
As of January 1, 2001, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board
Statement No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities" (Statement 133) which was issued in June 1998 and its amendments,
Statements 137, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities/Deferral of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133 and 138",
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities" issued in
June 1999 and June 2000, respectively (collectively referred to as Statement
133).
As a result of adoption of Statement 133, the Company recognizes foreign
currency and interest rate swap contracts on the balance sheet at fair value and
adjustments to fair value are recorded through income. Prior to adoption of
Statement 133, the Company recognized such contracts on the balance sheet at
contract value and adjustments to contract value were recorded through income.
The adoption of Statement 133 resulted in a cumulative effect of accounting
change of R$5,843, net of applicable income tax benefit of R$3,010, which was
recognized as expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the year
ended December 31, 2001.
The table below sets forth the before and after cumulative effect of the
accounting change resulting from the adoption of Statement 133 in the
calculation of the basic earnings per share:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
---------------------------------------------------------------
Before cumulative Cumulative effect of Net
Per share data: effect of accounting accounting change Income
change
---------------------------------------------------------------
Basic earnings (loss) per
thousands shares in R$:
Preferred 317.48 (8.86) 308.62
Common 288.62 (8.06) 280.56
Net Income
The operating profitability achieved from the Company's operations, principally
in the export business, contributed to the earnings growth to R$ 203.5 million
in 2001, against a loss of R$ 5.5 million posted in 2000.
B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
LIQUIDITY AND SOURCES OF FUNDING
The Company's principal cash requirements include: (i) debt repayment, (ii)
investments in property, plant and equipment, raising of efficiency levels and
optimization of processes; and (iii) payment of dividends and interest on equity
to Shareholders.
The Company's primary sources of liquidity have traditionally consisted of cash
generated from operations and, short-term and long term-debt. The net cash
generated by operating activities totaled R$ 293.9 million, R$ 420.2million and
R$ 154.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively. Short-term and long-term debt presented a total net increase of R$
1,457.1 million in 2002 and R$ 107.4 million in 2001, with a R$152.5 million
increase in 2000. Sales of disposed fixed assets generated total proceeds of R$
7.5 million, R$67.0 million and R$36.1 million for the years of 2002, 2001 and
2000, respectively.
In the year ended December 31, 2002, net operating cash was used in the purchase
of property plant and equipment (R$ 112.1 million), payment of dividends (R$
73.8 million) and investment in equity investees (R$ 2.9 million). In December
31, 2001, net operating cash was used in the purchase of property plant and
equipment (R$ 103.5 million), payment of dividends (R$ 52.6 million) and
investment in equity investees (R$ 1.5 million). In December 31, 2000, the main
uses of funds were purchase of property, plant and equipment (R$ 155.7 million)
and payment of dividends (R$ 25.4 million).
52
INDEBTEDNESS AND FINANCIAL STRATEGY
The loans taken by the Company are basically intended to finance exports and for
investments in fixed assets, both for the modernization and technological update
of the plants, for the financing of working capital, and, depending on market
conditions, for financial investments.
At the end of 2002, the Company's total interest-bearing debt stood at R$
3,257.2 million, representing a 79.5% increase when compared with the total debt
of R$ 1,802.2 million at December 31, 2001. At the same time, at December 31,
2002 finacial short term assets were: Cash and Cash Equivalents, R$ 455.6
million (R$269.6 million on December 31, 2001), Held-to-maturity securities, at
R$ 721,765 and Available for Sale Debt Securities (renamed from Current
Investments in Debt Securities) at R$ 72.4 million (R$ 76.8 million on December
31, 2001). The long term financial assets were: Available for Sale Debt
Securities (renamed from Long-Term Investments in Debt Securities) at R$758.6
million (R$ 609.8 million on December 31, 2001) and Held-to-maturity Investments
at R$ 2.2 million. In December 31, 2002 Foreign currency and interest rate swap
contracts represented R$ 51.2 million in Current Assets and R$ 112.4 million in
Non Current Assets.
Considering all financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2002, total net
debt stood at R$ 1,083.0 million (R$ 858.2 million at December 31, 2001),
equivalent to 108.6% of shareholders' equity.
Following the normal course of operations, the amounts maturing in the short run
can be settled or re-negotiated for the next period. The Company tries, where
possible, to use trade finance for its working capital needs because it is
available at a lower cost since lenders perceive that the exchange risk is
mitigated by the link to US dollar exports. There can be no assurance, however,
that, in the future, US dollars generated from exports will be in an amount
sufficient to cover US dollar liabilities or that such financing will be
available.
In order to finance its operational working capital, Sadia has maintained its
strategy of raising funds in the international markets through operations linked
to exports, whose cost is below that of operations in the domestic market.
Short-Term Debt
(in R$ `000)
2002 2001
------------------ -------------------
Working capital from commercial banks 1,432,941 693,626
Bank borrowings, secured by accounts 71,273 5,314
receivable
------------------ -------------------
1,504,214 698,940
================== ===================
Working capital from commercial banks primarily relates to export financing and
pre-export advances, of which R$ 1,241,232 in 2002 and R$486,999 in 2001 are
denominated in U.S. dollars with interest at Libor (1.39% at December 31, 2002)
plus interest at the rate from 2% to 4.92% in 2002 (interest at the rate from
2.40% to 8.83% in 2001).
53
Long-Term Debt
2002 2001
------------------- -------------------
Foreign debt (denominated in U.S. dollars):
IFC- International Finance Corporation, (for
investment in property, plant and equipment)
due in installments through 2008, R$340,161
interest at fixed rate of 8.52%, R$72,156 at
fixed rate of 9.05% and R$7,634 interest at
Libor (1.39% at December 31, 2002) plus
interest at the rate of 2.5%, secured by the 419,951 332,569
related assets with a carrying value of
R$125,744.
Export financing, due in installments through
2006, interest at Libor (1,39% in December
2002) plus interest rate of 4.15% secured by
promissory notes or sureties. 527,345 187,534
Local debt (denominated in reais):
BNDES- due in installments through 2008,
R$21,366 subject to long- term interest rate-
TJLP (10% for 2002) plus interest rate of
3.15%, R$417,037 subject to TJLP plus
interest rate of 2.22%, R$80,192 subject to
TJLP plus interest rate of 3.49% and
R$142,429 subject to weighted average
exchange rate variations on currencies held
by BNDES- UMBNDES (56% for 2002) plus
interest at the rates ranging from 3.5% to
3.86%, secured by the branch facilities of 661,024 422,324
Duque de Caxias, Francisco Beltrao and
Faxinal dos Guedes units with a carrying
value of R$37,722.
PESA - Special Aid Program for Agribusiness
payable in installments to 2020, subject to
the - General Price Index -Market - IGP-M
(25.3% for 2002) plus interest rate of 9.89%,
secured by investments in debt securities 105,130 84,546
with a carrying value of R$71,527
Other 39,564 74,240
------------------- -------------------
1,753,014 1,101,213
Less current portion of long- term debt (547,854) (211,446)
------------------- -------------------
Long- term portion 1,205,160 889,767
=================== ===================
The Company is subject to certain restrictive covenants contained in the IFC
agreement. These covenants include a restriction on the payment of dividends in
excess of the mandatory amount without the prior agreement of the IFC if certain
working capital and other financial ratios are not met. The Company did not meet
one of the financial ratios at December 31, 2002; however, the dividends paid
during 2002 and in February 2003 were in accordance with the mandatory amount.
Payments of dividends on future distributable income in excess of the mandatory
amount will require approval of the IFC prior to such payments until such time
that the Company meets the financial ratio.
54
C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Sadia invested R$ 7.3 million, R$8.7 million and R$ 7.6 million, for the years
ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, in research and
development activities. During the past five years, the R&D Department has
developed six new product families (refrigerated pasta, pizzas, fish-based
products, ready-made dishes, sweet pies and breaded products), as well as
improving existing products.
During 2002, Sadia launched 56 Products: Refrigerated FreshPasta, pizzas, ready
to eat dishes, hamburgers, breaded, hams and Miss Daisy Desserts.
Investments in R&D have also brought benefits to the area of animal breeding,
achieving improvements in the quality of meat, the production process, and
reducing feed conversion rates. Between 1975 and 2002, the duration of the
chicken production cycle was reduced from 59.3 days to 37 days for each 1.7 kg
bird. During the same period, chicken weight increased from 1.7 kg to 1.93 kg.
Similarly, the feed conversion rate decreased from 2.4 kg to 1.8 kg per kg of
chicken. Between 1975 and 2002, the duration of the pork production cycle was
reduced from 179 days to 152 days for each 100 kg animal. During the same
period, slaughtered hog weight increased from 94 kg to 103 kg. In a similar way,
the feed conversion rate decreased from 3.6 kg to 2.8 kg of feed per kg of pork.
During the same period, the percentage of pork meat per carcass increased from
46% to 56.7%.
D. TREND INFORMATION
This section discusses the main concerns and trends that will drive the
Company's strategy planning over 2003.
Considering recent developments in the Brazilian macro economic environment and
the livestock and processed food sector, the Company expects to have its
operations affected most significantly by the following factors:
Foreign Market Protectionist Measures
The Company expects that new regulations can be issued by foreign importer
countries to protect its local producers. Since a relevant part of the Company's
revenues comes from the export operations, the rayse of protectionist barriers
can affect it's operations.
In July 2002 the European Union Sanitary Commission issued a new regulation
increasing the duties for imported fresh chicken. During the second semester
100% of Brazillian chicken exported to Europe were required to be tested for
forbiden anthibiothics Nitrofuran, increasing export sales costs. The Russian
government is also planning to introduce quota regime on pork and poultry meat
exports, that should be effective by the second half of 2003.
Althought the Company was not directly affected by these measures, these
initiatives can reduce competitiveness of the Company's products in such
markets. The Brazillian government, associated with local and international
entities normally negotiates the terms of such measures in order to mitigate its
negative effects.
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The management of the Company is carried out by the Board of Directors and its
Executive Officers. Pursuant to Sadia's By-laws, the Board of Directors is
composed of 7 to 11 members that must be residents in Brazil. Members of the
Board of Directors are elected at the Ordinary General Meeting of Shareholders
for a one-year term, and may be re-elected. Upon electing the members of the
Board, the Meeting must designate the Chairman from among those elected. The
Board will then, in a subsequent meeting, elect one or more Vice-Chairmen, and
designate a Secretary of the Board. According to Sadia's By-laws, the Board of
Directors must elect between 7 and 20 Executive Officers for a
55
one-year term. Currently the Board of Directors is composed of six members who
represent the controlling shareholder group, two members who represent minority
shareholders and three market professionals.
The following table sets forth information with respect to the members of the
Board of Directors and the Executive Officers of the Company.
Board of Directors
The Company's Board of Directors is presently composed of eleven members listed
below, who were elected at the Ordinary General Meeting held on April 22nd,
2003.
NAME ACADEMIC BACKGROUND EXPERIENCE
Romano Ancelmo Fontana Filho 59 years old. - Business Administrator, Member of the board since 1994.
(Chairman of the Board) Graduated at Mackenzie University. Former IT and Human Resources
Director from 1976 to 1994.
Alcides Lopes Tapias 60 years old. Business Administrator, Member of the board since 2002.
Graduated at Mackenzie University. Law Former Banco Bradesco Executive
Bachelor at Faculdades Metropolitanas Vice-President. Former president of
Unidas FEBRABAN (Brazilian Bank Federation)
and member of the National Monetary
Council. Former Industry, Trade and
Development Ministry (July, 2001).
Attilio Fontana Neto 45 years old. Business Administrator, Member of the board since 1993.
Graduated at the Sao Paulo Catholic Sadia's former Supply Director from
University, post graduate in Business at 1989 to 1993.
the Getulio Vargas Foundation.
Karlos Heinz Rischbieter 74 years old. Civil Engineer graduated Member of the board since 1997.
at the Federal University of Parana. Former CEO of Caixa Economica
Federal and Banco do Brasil, Mr.
Rischbieter was also Brazil's
Finance Ministry.
Marise Pereira Fontana Cipriani 44 years old. Member of the board since 2001. CEO
of the SolVista,Inc, USA and
Chairman of the board of Transbrasil
Foundation S.A.
Osorio Henrique Furlan 81 years old. Lawyer, Graduated at Member of the board since 2002.
Braganca Paulista Law School Sadia's first executive president,
member of the Sao Paulo Commercial
Association and former Transbrasil
Airlines vice-president (1964 - 1975).
Ottoni Romano Fontana Filho 43 years old. Business Administrator, Member of the board since 2001.
Graduated at Getulio Vargas Foundation. Former Domestic Sales Manager at
Sadia from 1989 to 1993.
Roberto Faldini 55 years old Business Administrator, Fiesp Economy Department Director,
Graduated at Getulio Vargas Foundation. Member of the board of ABN Amro
MBA - Insead, France. Ethical Investment Fund, former CVM
president, former Bovespa's board
member.
Sergio Fontana dos Reis 43 years old. Architect,
graduated at Member of the board since 1991
Sao Paulo University, post graduated Former Director of Attilio Fontana
in Business at Getulio Vargas Foundation. Foundation from 1996 to 1998.
56
NAME ACADEMIC BACKGROUND EXPERIENCE
Vicente Falconi Campos 56 years old. Engineer Minas Gerais Member of the board since 2002.
Federal University - UFMG. Ph.D Colorado Brazillian Government Consultant at
School of Mines (USA) the energy crisis management
comitee, AMBEV and TELEMAR board
member.
Victor Bayard de Maura Fontana 52 years old. Business Administrator, Former IT professional at Camargo
Graduated at Sao Judas University. Correia and Concordia S/A CVMCC
director.
Executive Officers
The Company's management team consists of professionals with extensive
experience in the Brazilian food sector. Three are members of the founding
family. The Executive Officers are responsible for the execution of decisions of
the Board of Directors and day-to-day management of the Company. Below is a
short resume of the key members of Sadia's management team:
NAME ACADEMIC BACKGROUND EXPERIENCE
NAME ACADEMIC BACKGROUND EXPERIENCE
Walter Fontana Filho Economics and Business Mr. Fontana has been Sadia's CEO since 1994.
Chief Executive Officer Administration, with emphasis on Before becoming CEO, Mr. Fontana was Sadia's
Date Joined Sadia:01/30/92 Marketing, with postgraduate Sales Director.
Age: 48 studies in Economics
Adilson Serrano da Silva Business Administration, Career developed in the area of Human
Human Resources Officer Postgraduate studies at the Resources. Has worked in medium- and
Date Joined Sadia: 09/08/91 CEAG-FGV large-scale companies such as Cofap,
Age: 53 Eletroradiobras, VASP and Linhas Corrente.
Alfredo Felipe da Luz Sobrinho Higher Degree in Law, with Was a member of the Board of Directors and a
Institutional Relations and Specialization in Area of Director Vice President of Marketing, Sales
Legal Affairs Officer Administration. and Services of Transbrasil. Is currently
Date Joined Sadia: 04/08//71 President of ABIPECS - The Brazilian
Age: 56 Association of the Pork Processing and
Exporting Industry, and the Executive
President of the Attilio Francisco Xavier
Fontana Foundation.
Antonio Paulo Lazzaretti Higher Degree in Chemical Worked for Renner Hermann as a Chemical
Process and Product Development Engineering and Business Engineer, joining Sadia in April 1972, at its
Officer Administration Sao Paulo plant, developing his career in the
Date Joined Sadia: 04/11/72 area of production. Has already held posts
Age: 54 such as Manager and Production Officer.
Artemio Fronza Unfinished higher studies in Worked in the Rio Grande do Sul Union of
Livestock and Poultry Philosophy Cooperatives and the Alto Uruguai
Production Officer Agricultural Cooperative (where he held the
Date Joined Sadia: 08/15/88 post of Executive Manager and Superintendent)
Age: 52 before joining Sadia at its Tres Passos
plant, in August 1988. Has already been an
officer of the Grain and By-products Area.
Eduardo Fontana d'Avila Higher Degree in Engineering Career in Sadia's production area. Has
Processed Products Operations already been a Vice President of Industrial
Officer Operations. Sr. Eduardo is the cousin of Sr.
Date Joined Sadia: 02/14/77 Walter Fontana Filho, CEO of the Company.
Age: 48
57
Flavio Luis Favero Higher Degree in Industrial Professional career developed entirely
Processed Products Production Chemistry and Chemical within Sadia, in the area of production. Has
Officer Engineering held posts of Supervisor, Total Quality
Date Joined Sadia: 07/24/85 Postgraduate Degree in Management Coordinator, and Production Manager at the
Age: 38 Development Company's Tres Passos plant (Rio Grande do
Sul).
Flavio Riffel Schmidt Higher Degree in Business During his career within Sadia, he was
Planning and IT Director Administration and First Degree Finance, Planning and Control Officer from
Date Joined Sadia: 04/02/79 in Accounting 1988 to 1994.
Age: 49
Gilberto Meirelles Xando Business Administrator, Graduated Developed his carrer at Sadia beggining his
Baptista at Getulio Vargas Foundation. carrer in the mechanical maintenance
Marketing Director Postgraduate studies at the department, passing by production department
Date Joined Sadia: March, 1983 CEAG-FGV and pork production area.
Age:38 MBA Sao Paulo University
Gilberto Tomazoni Higher Degree in Mechanical Career entirely developed within Sadia.
Diretor de Marketing e Vendas Engineering Joined the maintenance area of Company's
Date Joined Sadia: 03/26/83 Postgraduate Degree in Management Concordia plant in March 1983, and expanded
Age: 43 Development his knowledge of the activities of the
production area. Was a Head of Department and
a Manager.
Guillermo Henderson Larrobla Higher Degree in Mechanical Mr. Larrobla developed his career in the
Intenational Middle East Sales Engineering (1985) and Foreign Trade Area of Seara Alimentos (Bunge
Director marketing management specialist Group), since 1991. In Sadia he began his
Date Joined Sadia: 04/01/99 (1997) activities as the Market Manager responsible
Age: 46 for Sadia's Business in Middle East, at the
Dubai Office and was elected director in
April 2002.
Luiz Gonzaga Murat Junior Higher Degree in Business Developed career in finance and control
Chief Financial Officer Administration, Postgraduate areas. Was a director of Perdigao, Bahia Sul
Chief Controller, Director Degree in Agricultural Economics Celulose and Suzano Feffer.
of Investor Relations at Stanford University Is a Board Member of IBEF - Institute of
Date Joined Sadia: 08/01/94 Finance, and of Abrasca - The Brazilian
Age: 47 Association of Listed Companies
Paulo Francisco Alexandre Business Administrator (1982) Trainee at Caterpillar. Started at Sadia as
Striker and Civil Engineer (1978), Director Assistant, former trade marketing
Logistics Director Graduated at Makenzie University. manager and brand management/strategic
Date Joined Sadia: 1984 Postgraduate studies at the JUSE planning manager.
Age: 46 Institute (Japan) and Dom Cabral
Foundation.
Roberto Banfi Higher Degree in Economics An Italian citizen, has worked in Switzerland
Intenational Sales Director (Switzerland) and the U.S. Resident in Brazil since 1977,
Date Joined Sadia: 07/13/98 MBA from Stanford Business has worked for Bonfiglioli - Cica, Cicatrade
Age: 54 School (USA) and Swift Armour as a Statutory Director.
Held the posts of Marketing Manager and
Coordinator for Mercosur in the sales area of
RMB-Refinacoes de Milho do Brasil.
Ronaldo Kobarg Muller Higher Degree in Chemical Professional career developed entirely within
Pork Production Officer Engineering, Sadia.
Date Joined Sadia: 02/22/84 Postgraduate Degree in Management Joined the Company at its Concordia plant and
Age: 41 Development from UFSC-UNOESC held posts such as Head of de Department at
Chapeco (State of Santa Catarina), Total
Quality Coordinator and Production Manager at
its Ponta Grossa (State of Parana) plant.
58
Valmor Savoldi Agricultural Technician, Professional career developed entirely within
Supply Director Higher Degree in Agronomy, Sadia.
Date Joined Sadia: 12/26/77 Specialization in Administration Has worked in the areas of agriculture and
Age: 47 production and has extensive knowledge of
poultry and pork processing. Has held the
posts of Coordinator of Total Quality,
Production Manager and Sales Manager.
There are no pending legal proceedings, involving either Board Members or
Executive Officers that could prevent any of these from carrying out their
duties.
The Company has an Audit Committee, composed by members of the board, which
serves to monitor the activities of the executive officers, election of
independent auditors and to examine the Company's financial Statements. The
Fiscal Committee is composed of three members and three substitute members, who
are elected at the Ordinary General Meeting, with a mandate until the Ordinary
General Meeting of the following year.
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Some members of the board are related. Mr. Attilio Fontana Neto, board member,
and Mr. Walter Fontana, Sadia's CEO are brothers. Mr. Sergio Fontana dos Reis
and Ms. Marise Pereira Fontana Cipriani, board members, are cousins.
B. COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
For the year ended December 31, 2002, the aggregate compensation to be paid by
Sadia to all members of the Board of Directors and Executive Officers for
services in all areas is approximately R$ 9.0 million, not including related
taxes or social security contributions. For the year ended December 31, 2001,
the amount paid was approximately R$ 7.6 million.
Since April 2000, the compensation of Executive Officers is complemented by a
stock award plan. Under the plan, Executive Officers will receive 5%, and may
elect to receive an additional 5% or 10%, of their annual bonus in shares of
preferred stock based on the market price of the stock at the date of bonus is
paid. Shares paid to Executive Officers in lien of a cash bonus payment are
purchased in the market by the Company in the Executive Officer's name. Based on
the number of preferred shares an Executive Officer receives, the Executive
Officer will be entitled to a cash payment equal to any increase in the market
value of the preferred shares as of March 10 of the third year following the
bonus payment, provided that the Executive Officer still holds the preferred
stock and is still an Executive Officer of the Company. Based upon the market
value of the Preferred Shares at December 31, 2002 and 2001 no additional
amounts were accrued to the Executive Officers during 2002 and 2001. The total
annual bonus for 2002 and 2001 and the portion paid in Preferred Shares was as
follows:
YEAR OF BASIS, 2002 2001
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of payment/exercise March 30th, 2003 March 30th, 2002
Total bonus (R$ thousands) 1,818.5 3,498.0
Number of preferred shares - 304,000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company decided to review its stock option policy and did not made any bonus
payments in Preffered Shares in 2002.
59
C. BOARD PRACTICES
Sadia has four standing committees: a fiscal committee, an audit committee, a
financial committee and a compensation committee. The committees are composed of
members of the Board who dedicate themselves to the development of the long run
strategy of specific areas of the Company.
Fiscal Committee
This committee is responsible for the Company's tax planning, and is composed of
three effective members: Roberto Faldini, Romano Ancelmo Fontana Filho and
Attilio Fontana Neto.
Audit Committee
The responsibility of the members of this committee is to assure that the
accounting procedures are being well followed by the operational areas of the
Company It is composed of four members of the board: Karlos Heinz Rieschbieter
(coordinator), Osorio Henrique Furlan, Ottoni Romano Fontana Filho and Marise
Pereira Fontana Cipriani.
Financial Committee
Responsible for the medium and long term management of the financial strategy of
the Company. This committee is charged with development of the Company's hedge
policy, project financing and cash management directions, and is composed of
three members: Alcides Lopes Tapias, Karlos Heinz Rischbieter and Roberto
Faldini.
Compensation Committee
Responsible for conducting the human resources planning and strategy of Sadia,
among others, its basic functions are: training and hiring policies, salary
policy and union relationships management. The members are: Attilio Fontana
Neto, Romano Ancelmo Fontana Filho, Victor Bayard de Maura Fontana and Vicente
Falconi Campos
In the event of the termination of the mandate of a Director or an Executive
Officer, they are entitled only to statutory employment benefits under
applicable law, without any special severance.
D. EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 2002, the Company had 32,184 employees.
E. SHARE OWNERSHIP
On April 30, 2003 the board members, executive officers and directors of the
company held, as a group, 34.664.462 common shares and 22.047.380 preferred
shares, corresponding to 13.49% and 5.18% of the amount of outstanding shares of
each class, respectively.
For more details on ownership and any relationship among major shareholders, see
"Item 7. Major Shareholders."
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS
Shareholders Agreement
Members of the family of the founder, Mr. Attilio Fontana, established a
Shareholders' Agreement in May 1977, amended in October 1999, when it was
extended until May 2010. The Agreement strives to regulate the relationship
between the family groups regarding the purchase and sale of shares between
themselves and with third parties as well as to establish principles and rules
for the exercise of block voting rights, investment policy and remuneration of
60
capital. The Agreement is reviewed every three years. Any family member who
wishes to dispose of his/her shareholding must provide a right of first refusal
to all parties to the Shareholders' Agreement.
The Company's Shareholders' Agreement, was composed of 47 participants, in
December 2002 and controls 67.1% of Sadia's voting shares. Sadia S.A. voting and
non-voting capital stock is listed on the Bovespa stock exchange, where it is
among the most actively traded stocks, representing 63% of the total volume
traded on the food sector stocks.
Restrictions on Foreign Investment
According to Sadia's bylaws, 51% of the voting capital of the Company must be
held by Brazilian citizens. The right to convert dividend payments and proceeds
from the sale of Preferred Shares into foreign currency and to remit such
amounts outside Brazil is subject to exchange control restrictions and foreign
investment legislation which generally are subject to several mechanisms that
permits a foreign investor to trade directly in Bovespa.
Until March 2000, this mechanism was known as the Annex IV Regulations, in a
reference to Annex IV of Resolution No. 1,289 of the National Monetary Council
(the "Annex IV Regulations"). Currently, this mechanism is regulated by
Resolution No. 2,689, of January 26, 2000, of the National Monetary Council and
by Instruction No. 325, of January 27, 2000, of the CVM, as amended (the "2,689
Regulation"). The 2,689 Regulation, which became effective on March 31, 2000,
sets forth new rules concerning foreign portfolio investments in Brazil.
Foreign investments registered under Annex IV Regulations had to be conformed to
the 2,689 Regulation by September 30, 2000. Such new rules allow foreign
investors to invest in almost all of the financial assets and to engage in
almost all transactions available in the Brazilian financial and capital
markets, provided that some requirements are fulfilled.
In accordance with the 2,689 Regulation, foreign investors are individuals,
legal entities, mutual funds and other collective investments resident,
domiciled or headquartered abroad. The 2,689 Regulation prohibits the offshore
transfer or assignment of the title of the securities, except in the cases of
(i) corporate reorganization effected abroad by a foreign investor or (ii)
inheritance.
Pursuant to the 2,689 Regulation, foreign investors must: (i) appoint at least
one representative in Brazil with powers to perform actions relating to the
foreign investment; (ii) fill in the appropriate foreign investor registration
form; (iii) obtain registration as a foreign investor with CVM; and (iv)
register the foreign investment with the Central Bank.
The securities and other financial assets held by the foreign investor pursuant
to the 2,689 Regulation must be registered or maintained in deposit accounts or
under the custody of an entity duly licensed by the Central Bank or by the CVM
or be registered in register, clearing and custody systems authorized by the
Central Bank or by the CVM. In addition, securities trading is restricted to
transactions carried out in exchanges or organized over-the-counter markets
licensed by the CVM.
All investments made by a foreign investor under the 2,689 Regulation will be
subject to an electronic registration with the Central Bank. Resolution No.
1,927 of the National Monetary Council, which is the Amended and Restated Annex
V to Resolution No. 1,289 (the "Annex V Regulations"), provides for the issuance
of depositary receipts in foreign markets in respect of shares of Brazilian
issuers. The ADSs have been approved under the Annex V Regulations by the
Central Bank and the CVM. Accordingly, the proceeds from the sale of the ADSs by
ADR holders outside Brazil are free of Brazilian foreign investment controls and
holders of the ADSs will be entitled to favorable tax treatment. According to
the 2,689 Regulation, foreign investments registered under Annex V Regulations
may be transferred to the new investment system created by Resolution No. 2,689
and vice-versa, with due regard to the conditions set forth by the Central Bank
and by the CVM.
Payments of dividends and other cash distributions by the Company relating to
the Preferred Shares underlying the Preferred ADRs will be made in Brazilian
currency to the Custodian, in its capacity as representative of the Depositary,
which will then convert such proceeds into U.S. dollars and will then remit such
U.S. dollars to the Depositary for distribution to holders of the related
Preferred ADSs. If the Custodian is not immediately able to convert the
dividends in Brazilian currency to U.S. dollars, then the holders of the
Preferred ADSs may be adversely affected by devaluation or other fluctuations in
exchange rates, before it is possible to convert and remit these
61
dividends. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Real and the U.S.
dollar may also affect the value in U.S. dollars, equivalent to the price in
Reais, of the Preferred Shares traded on Brazilian stock exchanges.
In situations where there is a significant imbalance in Brazil's balance of
payments, or serious indications that this kind of problem may arise, Brazilian
legislation makes provision for the introduction of temporary restrictions on
remittances of foreign capital abroad. For approximately six months, between
mid-1989 and early 1990, for example, with a view to preserving its
international reserves, the Brazilian government froze all operations involving
the repatriation of capital and dividends owing to foreign investors, that had
been deposited with the Brazilian Central Bank. These amounts were subsequently
released according to Brazilian government directives. There is no guarantee
that the Brazilian government will not adopt similar measures in the future.
Share Position
The following table contains certain information as of March 31, 2002 with
respect to (i) any person known to the Company to be the beneficial owner of
more than 5% of the Company's outstanding shares of voting Common Shares, (ii)
any person known to the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of
the Company's outstanding shares of Preferred Shares and (iii) the total number
of the Company's voting Common Shares and Preferred Shares owned by the
executive officers and directors of the Company as a group.
Share Position at December 31, 2002
STOCKHOLDER COMMON SHARES % PREFERRED SHARES %
SUNFLOWER PARTICIPACOES S/A 32,018,789 12.46% ----- -----
Osorio Henrique Furlan 14,378,172 5.59% 557,127 0.13%
Attilio Francisco Xavier Fontana 24,998,558 9.73% 12,566,000 2.94%
Foundation
Private Social Security Fund of the
Sadia employees, controlled by 23,000
participants
Executive Officers and Directors as a 6.190.590 2.3% 13.976.541 3.2%
Group
Source: Sadia S/A
Sunflower Participacoes is a holding company composed of several family members
and is part of the shareholders agreement, the breakdown is as follows:
SUNFLOWER PARTICIPACOES
INVESTOR Common Shares % Preferred Shares %
Beneficially Owned Beneficially Owned
Maria Aparecida Cunha Fontana 14,084,143 43.99 - -
Walter Fontana Filho 6,739,660 21.05 - -
Attilio Fontana Neto 5,716,562 17.85 - -
Vania Cunha Fontana 5,478,424 17.11 - -
Total 32,018,789 100.0 - -
Source: Sadia S/A
During the last three years ended December 31, 2002, the Company's Board of
Directors authorized the purchase of 20.3 million treasury shares, and the
cancellation of 40.0 million treasury shares.
B. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has operating transactions mainly with Sadia International and
Laxness F.C.P.A. Lda., which are both the Company's vehicles for sales outside
Brazil. Sadia International is also acting as a financial entity of the Group by
obtaining export financing loans from international banks and holding the
investments in debt securities.
Concordia CVMCC is a brokerage firm that is responsible for identifying the
better alternatives of investments for the cash surplus generated by the Company
and its subsidiaries.
62
C. INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL
Not Applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION
See "Item 18. Financial Statements"
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to certain legal proceedings in the
normal course of business, including administrative and judicial tax disputes,
civil and labor proceedings. Provisions taken by the Company on its financial
Statements in connection with such proceedings reflect a reasonably estimate of
probable losses as determined by the Company's management on the basis of legal
advice. Additionally, the Company constitutes judicial deposits to serve as
warranties on the discussion of its proceedings, when this procedure is required
to suspend the obligation eligibility In the opinion of management, except as
set forth below, there are no legal proceedings in which the Company or any of
its subsidiaries is a party, or to which any of their respective properties are
subject, that are not presently provided for, which, either individually or in
the aggregate, may have a material adverse effect on the results of operations
or financial position of the Company.
Labor Disputes
The Company is involved in 1,732 labor proceedings none of which is material in
amount. The Company stablished a reserve amounting R$ 11.4 million, to treat
those issues. These disputes involve matters ranging from overtime claims,
wrongful termination and claims involving work conditions.
Civil Disputes
Sadia is involved in a series of civil proceedings all of which are in the
ordinary course of business. At December 31, 2002 the Company provisioned an
aggregate amount of approximately R$16.3 million relative to the expected
settlement for these proceedings. The proceedings considered material to Sadia
refer to ex-employees' claims for indemnification due to health problems that
evolved after resignation (ex-employees allege they developed occupational
diseases related to the activities they used to perform during the work period
in Sadia, and workplace accidents) in the amount of R$ 6.1 million. In
accordance with Brazilian law, notwithstanding the Company pays an additional
salary to cover the risks involved in those activities, considered risky and
extraordinary, these claims, when legally questioned, are discussed as civil
issues, because they involve indemnization claims. The Company is also
discussing with ex-integrated poultry outgrowers claims for indemnification in
the amount of R$ 3.6 million, relative to termination of contracts due to high
production costs. Finally, there is a customer claim in the amount of R$ 6.6
million, for consequential damages due to diseases developed by the avian
breeding flocks that were supplied by Granja Rezende S/A before its acquisition
by Sadia.
Tax Disputes
The Company is involved in tax litigation, as both plaintiff and defendant, in
which it contests the payment of certain taxes or requests as relief the
confirmation of the applicability of tax credits, as described below:
The Company is a defendant in the following cases
I. INCOME TAX:
In order to cover several tax contingencies, which are individually not
material, the subsidiary Granja Rezende (incorporated in August 2002) has
established several reserves aggregating R$ 5.3 million.
63
II. ICMS (VALUE ADDED TAX ON SALES AND SERVICES):
a) The State of Sao Paulo is seeking to collect value added tax (ICMS) on
customs discharge of some imported products. In this sense, a reserve
of R$ 2.9 million was created to cover probable losses to be settled;
b) The State of Sao Paulo is seeking to collect value added tax (ICMS) on
certain products. The State has asserted that these products were
transferred from the producing units in other states priced above its
correspondent costs. A reserve of R$ 4.8 million has been established
to cover the eventual liability;
c) The State of Rio de Janeiro is seeking to collect value added tax
(ICMS) on certain products. The State has asserted that the Company has
not delivered the required documentation to prove that it has
re-distributed products from other States. A reserve of R$ 2.3 million
has been established to cover the eventual liability;
d) The State of Mato Grosso is seeking to collect value added tax (ICMS)
due to differences found in monthly deductions on ICMS values charged
from third party freights by tax substitution. A reserve of R$ 1.4
million has been established to cover the eventual liability;
e) The State of Mato Grosso is seeking to collect value added tax (ICMS)
due to improperly procedures to prove that some credits could be
unwinded in purchases made in the Manaus Free Zone. A reserve of R$ 4.9
million has been established to cover the eventual liability;
f) The State of Rondonia is seeking to collect value added tax (ICMS) on
certain PRODUCTS. The State has asserted that the Company has not
issued the invoices from third party warehouses. A reserve of R$ 0.5
million has been established to cover the eventual liability;
g) Other Judicial and administrative proceedings amounting R$ 0.4 million.
III. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SECURITY (INSS)
The National Institute of Social Security (INSS) requires the collection of
contribution on salaries of third parties rendering services in civil
construction work at the incorporated subsidiary Granja Rezende, due to
joint liability, amounting R$ 3.1 million where Company is claiming the
reimbursement among the responsible for the construction.
64
IV. OTHER TAX CONTINGENCIES
The Company as a plaintiff
The Company is a plaintiff in several judicial and administrative issues, where
intents to recover improperly paid taxes or questions those that believes were
improperly charged. Based on estimates of its legal counsel these claims are
considered probable or possible positive outcomes.
(in R$ million)
PROBABLE
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION BASIS FOR ACCRUAL LOSS
--------- ----------- ----------------- --------
Labor Claims Approximately 1,732 claims filed by former Expected settlement R$ 11.4
employees involving matters ranging from for all claims.
overtime claims, wrongful termination and
claims involving work conditions.
Civil Claims Judicial procedures by ex-employees' Expected settlement R$6.1
claims for indemnification due to health amount for the claims.
problems (ex-employees who allege to have
developed occupational diseases in
connection with their past jobs at the
Company) and job transit accidents.
Ex-integrated poultry outgrowers' claims Expected settlement R$ 3.6
for indemnification due to termination of amount for the claims.
contracts resulting from above-estimated
high production costs.
Customer claim for consequential damages Expected potential R$ 6.6
due to illness in avian breeding flocks. amount
Tax Claims
Income tax Several income tax assessments made by the Expected amount to be R$ 5.3
tax authorities paid by the Company.
State Value Added Value added tax (ICMS) on customs Expected amount to be R$ 2.9
Tax - ICMS discharge of some imported products. paid by the Company.
Products were transferred from the Expected amount to be R$ 4.8
producing units in other states priced paid by the Company.
above its correspondent costs
Insufficient required documentation to Expected amount to be R$ 2.3
prove that it has re-distributed products paid by the Company.
from other States.
Differences found in monthly deductions on Expected amount to be R$ 1.4
ICMS values charged from third party paid by the Company.
freights by tax substitution.
Unproperly procedures to prove that some Expected amount to be R$ 4.9
credits could be cancelled in purchases paid by the Company.
made in the Manaus Free Zone and cancel of
credits.
Difference on the Interpretation of the Expected amount to be R$ 0.9
ICMS applicability for some operations paid by the Company.
National INSS asserts joint liability in collection Expected amount to be R$ 3.1
Institute of of contribution on salaries of third paid by the Company.
Social Security parties rendering services in civil
construction work at the incorporated
company, Granja Rezende.
Other IOF procedures (Financial Operations Tax), Expected amount to be R$ 4.0
PIS (Social Integration Program), Cofins paid by the Company.
(Social Contribution) and other.
65
Dividends and Dividend Policy
The authorized capital stock of the Company is composed of Common Shares and
Preferred Shares. As of December 31, 2002, the Company's capital stock was
composed of 257,000,000 Common Shares and 426,000,000 Preferred Shares.
Dividends Distributed
The following table sets out the dividends paid to Shareholders of the Company's
Common and Preferred Shares since 1996 in historical Brazilian currency and U.S.
dollars translated from historical Brazilian currency at the commercial exchange
rate on the date of payment of the same dividends.
R$ per 1,000 US$ per 1,000
Period Payment Date Preferred Shares Preferred Shares US$ per ADR
------ ------------ ---------------- ---------------- -----------
1996 12/16/1996 6.00 5.77 -
04/10/1997 18.00 16.92 -
1997 08/25/1997 19.41 17.78 -
03/11/1998 19.80 17.41 -
1998 08/25/1998 38.80 32.97 -
02/25/1999 41.40 20.05 -
1999 08/25/1999 16.50 9.06 -
02/10/2000 27.50 15.45 -
2000 08/18/2000 11.00 6.05 -
2001 02/20/2001 37.40 18.64 -
08/22/2001 32.35 12.82 0.38
2002 02/14/2002 89.29 36.82 1.10
08/16/2002 17.60 5.64 0.17
2003 02/14/2003 63.50 17.35 0.52
02/21/2003 20.37 5.63 0.17
Source: Sadia S/A
Calculation of Distributable Amount
At each annual General Shareholders' Meeting, the Board of Directors must
recommend the manner of allocation of the Company's income from the preceding
fiscal year. According to Brazilian Corporate Law, the net income of a company
after deduction of income tax and social contributions relative to the same
fiscal year, and net of any losses accumulated in prior fiscal years, and
amounts allocated to employee and management profit-shares, will represent the
"net income" of the Company, following (i) the deduction of amounts allocated to
the constitution of the legal reserve, (ii) the deduction of amounts allocated
to the constitution of other reserves, following the principles established by
the Company and in accordance with the applicable legislation (as hereinafter
discussed), and (iii) the increase by the reversion of reserves constituted in
previous fiscal years. This net income will be available for distribution to
Shareholders (thus constituting the "adjusted net profit", designated here as
the "Distributable Amount") in any fiscal year.
Legal Reserve. According to Brazilian Corporate Law, the Company is required to
maintain a "legal reserve" to which it must allocate 5% of its "net income" in
each fiscal year, until the amount of this reserve is equal to 20% of the
paid-in share capital, or until the sum of this reserve and all other capital
reserves reaches 30% of the paid-in share capital. Net losses, if any, may be
debited against the legal reserve.
Discretionary Reserves. According to Brazilian Corporate Law, the Company may
decide to assign on a discretionary basis a portion of the "net income" to the
limit established in its By-laws (with such reserves collectively designated as
"discretionary reserves"). The Company's By-laws established a special fund for
Research and Development to which it may allocate up to 15% of its "net income"
per year, until the amount of this fund is equivalent to 10% of its paid-in
share capital.
66
Contingency Reserve. According to Brazilian Corporate Law, the Company may also
decide to assign a portion of the "net income" to a "contingency reserve"
against likely losses in future fiscal years. Any amount thus assigned in a
previous year must be (i) reversed in the fiscal year in which the loss was
envisaged, if this loss does not effectively occur, or (ii) debited, if the
foreseen event actually materializes. At the present time, Sadia has no
contingency reserve. There are no clearly defined rules on the extension of the
future period for which a loss may be foreseen for the purposes of constituting
a contingency reserve. Its determination thus depends on circumstances and the
nature of each particular event, and will be decided at the discretion of the
Board of Directors.
Investment Project Reserve. According to Brazilian Corporate Law, a portion of
the "net income" may also be assigned for any discretionary appropriations for
plant expansions or any other investment projects, the amount of which is based
on the capital budget previously presented by management and approved by
Shareholders. Following the conclusion of the corresponding investment projects,
the Company may withhold the relevant appropriation until the Shareholders vote
to transfer all or part of the capital reserve or retained earnings. The
Company's By-laws effective as of March 31, 2000, contains provisions for a
Special Expansion Reserve, to which at least 15% and at most 60% of the "net
income" (formerly 5% and 15%, respectively) must be allocated each year, until
the amount of this reserve is equivalent to 70% of its paid-in share capital
(from former 30%).
Unrealized Income Reserve. According to Brazilian Corporate Law, if the amount
of "unrealized income" (according to the definition below) in any fiscal year
exceeds the allocated amount (i) of the legal reserve, (ii) of the discretionary
reserves, (iii) of the contingency reserve and (iv) of the investment project
reserve, the excess amount may be allocated to an "unrealized income reserve".
"Unrealized income" in any fiscal year will represent the sum (i) of monetary
correction of the balance sheet (until 1995) during the fiscal year, (ii) income
from subsidiaries or associated companies for the fiscal year in question, (iii)
income from installment sales to be received after the end of the subsequent
fiscal year.
Fiscal Incentive Investment Reserve. According to the terms of Brazilian tax
legislation, a portion of "net income" may also be assigned to a "fiscal
incentive investment reserve" for amounts corresponding to the Company's income
tax deductions generated by credits for certain investments that are approved by
the Government. The reserve may only be used to acquire shares in companies that
are developing specific projects that are approved by the Government.
Brazilian Corporate Law States that all discretionary allocations of "net
income" including discretionary reserves, the contingency reserve, the
unrealized income reserve and the investment project reserve, will be subject to
approval by Shareholders at the annual meeting, and may be transferred to the
company's capital or used to pay dividends in subsequent fiscal years. The
fiscal incentive investment reserve and the legal reserve are also subject to
approval by Shareholders at the annual meeting and may be transferred to the
company's capital, but may not be used to pay dividends in subsequent fiscal
years.
The calculation of the "net income" of the Company, and the allocations to
reserves in any fiscal year, are determined on the basis of financial Statements
prepared in accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law and Brazilian GAAP, which
differ from the financial Statements prepared in accordance with United States
generally accepted accounting principles. The Financial Statements presented
herein were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and while the allocations to
reserves and the dividends are reflected in these Consolidated Financial
Statements, investors will not be able to calculate the amounts of these
allocations, or of dividends due, on the basis of the same Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Mandatory Dividends. As established in its By-laws, Sadia is required to
distribute to Shareholders in lieu of dividends relative to each fiscal year
ended December 31, an amount of no less than 28% of the Distributable Amount
(the "Mandatory Dividend") in any given fiscal year (an amount of which shall
include any interest whatsoever on Shareholders' equity paid and any
preferential dividends paid on Preferred Shares during the same fiscal year). In
addition to the Mandatory Dividend, the Board of Directors may recommend the
payment of dividends to shareholders from other legally available resources,
according to the terms of such law. Any payment of interim dividends or interest
on Shareholders' equity will be deducted from the amount of the Mandatory
Dividend for the same fiscal year. In accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law,
if the Board of Directors decides, prior to the annual Shareholders' meeting,
that the payment of the Mandatory Dividends for the preceding fiscal year is not
advisable, due to the financial condition of the Company, then there will be no
requirement to pay such Mandatory Dividends. Such a decision must be reviewed by
an Audit Committee, and reported to Shareholders and to the CVM. If a Mandatory
Dividend is not paid, any retained earnings must be allocated to a special
reserve account. If the Company does not incur the expected losses that led to
the withholding of the Mandatory Dividend, then the Company will be required to
pay the proper Mandatory Dividend.
67
Priority of the Preferred Shares in the Payment of Dividends On May 5, 1997, an
amendment to Brazilian Corporate Law was approved (Law No. 9,457), that included
the requirement that companies whose By-laws do not include provisions for the
distribution of fixed or minimum dividends, whether cumulative or not, pay
dividends on their Preferred Shares that are at least 10% greater than the
corresponding dividends on their common shares. In accordance with the Company's
By-laws, and subject to the calculation of the Mandatory Dividends for any
particular fiscal year, the holders of the Preferred Shares will be entitled to
minimum annual non-cumulative preferred dividends for an amount equal to 28% of
the share capital attributable to the Preferred Shares, prior to the
distribution of dividends to the holders of the Common Shares. After having paid
these minimum annual non-cumulative preferred dividends, the holders of the
Common Shares will receive the same amount of dividend per share as that of the
Preferred Shares. Once this condition has been met, any additional dividends
declared by the Company with regard to any particular fiscal year will be
divided between the holders of the Common Shares and the Preferred Shares, with
the latter receiving an amount 10% greater than the former.
Other Rights of Preferred Shares The Company's By-laws do not contain provisions
for the conversion of Preferred Shares into Common Shares. In addition, there
are no provisions for the redemption of shares associated with the Preferred
Shares. The Preferred Shares take priority in procedures related to the
liquidation of the Company, without entitlement to any other form of
compensation for existing Shareholders. Holders of Preferred Shares are not
entitled to vote at the general meeting of the Company's Shareholders. If,
however, the preferred dividends are not paid for three successive years, the
Preferred Shares will acquire the right to vote, until such time as the payment
of these dividends is made.
Payment of Dividends In accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law, the Company is
required to hold an annual Shareholders' meeting by April 30 of each year,
during which an annual dividend will be declared In addition, interim dividends
may be declared by the Board of Directors. According to Brazilian Corporate Law,
dividends must generally be paid to the holders of the relevant shares within 60
days of the date of declaration of the same dividend, unless a resolution of
Shareholders establishes another date of payment, which in both cases, must
occur before the end of the fiscal year in which the dividend was declared. The
Company's By-laws require that an Annual General Shareholders' Meeting be held
within four months of the end of each fiscal year. At this meeting, among other
things, an annual dividend may be declared by decision of the Shareholders and
at the recommendation of the Executive Officers, as approved by the Board of
Directors. The payment of annual dividends is based on the financial Statements
relating to the fiscal year ending December 31. According to the Company's
By-laws, dividends will be paid to Shareholders within 60 days of the date of
declaration of the dividend, which must be effected prior to the end of the
fiscal year in which the same dividend was declared. The requirement for
Mandatory Dividends may be met through payments either in the form of dividends
or of interest on Shareholders' equity. The Company is not required to adjust
the amount of the dividend for inflation for the period from the end of the last
fiscal year to the date of declaration of the same dividend. It is therefore
possible that the amount, expressed in Reais, of the dividends paid to holders
of Preferred Shares or Common Shares may be reduced due to inflation.
Shareholders have up to three years from the date of payment of the dividend to
demand payment of these as they relate to shares held by the same party, after
which time the Company will be free from any obligation to make such payments.
Payments of cash distributions by the Company relating to the Preferred Shares
underlying the Preferred ADRs will be made in Brazilian currency to the
Custodian, in its capacity as representative of the Depositary, which will then
convert such proceeds into U.S. dollars and will then remit the same U.S.
dollars to the Depositary for distribution to holders of the related ADRs (See
"Description of American Depositary Receipts"). Dividends paid to Shareholders
that are not Brazilian residents, including holders of Preferred ADRs, are
exempt from withholding of Brazilian income tax at source, except with regard to
income provisioned prior to 1996, which is subject to a retention of 15% in lieu
of Brazilian taxation. (See "Taxation").
Shareholders that are not resident within Brazil must register with the
Brazilian Central Bank so that the dividends resulting from sales, or other
amounts, may be remitted in foreign currency outside Brazil. The Preferred
Shares
68
underlying the ADRs are maintained within Brazil by the Custodian, which acts as
agent for the Depositary, which appears in the Company's register as the
beneficial owner of the shares.
Notional Interest Charge Attributed to Shareholders' Equity Pursuant to a change
in Brazilian tax law effective January 1, 1996, Brazilian companies are
permitted to pay limited additional amounts to holders of equity securities and
treat such payments as an expense for Brazilian income tax purposes. The amount
of any such "interest" payment to holders of equity securities is generally
limited in respect of any particular year to (i) retained earnings for such year
plus 50% of the pre-tax profits for such year multiplied by (ii) the Taxa de
Juros de Longo Prazo interest rate (Long-Term Interest Rate -TJLP), which is the
official rate for governmental long-term loans. The additional payment may take
the form of supplemental dividends to Shareholders. In 1996, the only form of
payment could be through an increase to capital or any addition to reserves. A
15% withholding tax is payable by the Company upon distribution of the notional
interest amount. In 1996, the withholding tax was payable by the Company and was
accrued and charged to income. In 1997, the withholding tax was paid by the
Company on behalf of the shareholders. In 1996, this notional interest charge
was deductible in determining Brazilian income tax payable. Additionally,
effective January 1, 1997, such payments are also deductible for social
contribution purposes.
Under Brazilian law, the Company is obliged to distribute to Shareholders an
amount sufficient to ensure that the net amount received by Shareholders after
payment by the Company of Brazilian withholding taxes in respect of the
distribution of notional interest, is at least equal to the Mandatory
Distribution.
Dividend Policy. The Company currently plans to pay dividends or interest on
Shareholders' equity on its Preferred and Common Shares to the amount of the
distributions required in any fiscal year, subject to the determination by the
Board of Directors that such distributions are inadvisable due to the financial
condition of the Company. In accordance with its policy, the Company pays
dividends twice a year, although the law does not require it to do so.
Amendments to Brazilian Corporate Law
In 2001 important amendments to the Brazilian Corporate Law were adopted. The
most important changes were (i) the conversion of CVM into an autonomous
governmental agency linked to the Ministry of Finance, with legal independence
and separate assets and liabilities; (ii) the requirement of greater disclosure
by listed companies; (iii) the tag-along right to minority common shareholders
in the event of change in control of a listed company; (iv) the right of
preferred shareholders with non-voting rights or restricted voting rights
representing at least 10% of the total stock of a listed company to elect one
board member and his alternate (by April 2005, the representative of such
shareholders is to be chosen out of a three-name list prepared by controlling
shareholders); (v) the right of the minority common shareholders to also elect
one board member; and (vi) the preferred shares will only be traded in the stock
market if they have at least one of the rights mentioned below: (a) priority in
the receipt of dividends corresponding to at least 3% of the shares' net worth
based on the last approved balance sheet of the company; (b) the right to
receive dividends at least 10% higher than the dividend assigned to each common
share; or (c) the tag-along right in the event of change in the control of the
company. The By-Laws of existing listed companies are required to be modified to
conform to the new provisions mentioned above, by March 1, 2003. B.
69
B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
ADR Listing
On April 10th, 2001 Sadia's Preferred Shares began to trade on the NYSE in the
form of American Depositary Shares, under the SDA ticker.
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
Price Information
The table below presents, for the indicated periods, the minimum and
maximum closing prices for Preferred Shares on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange. The
prices are expressed in nominal reais as of the period end date. The sales
prices included on the two following tables were also translated into U.S.
dollars, but please note that the "high" and "low" quote in U.S. dollars in a
given period may not be in the same month of the "high" and "low" prices
expressed in reais due to the influence of the foreign exchange rate.
CLOSING SALE PRICES
NOMINAL REAIS PER 1,000 PREFERRED SHARES U.S. DOLLARS PER 1,000 PREFERRED SHARES
HIGH LOW HIGH LOW
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997 364.66 98.46 341.54 94.38
1998 340.86 598.43 549.42 303.26
1999 532.74 1,407.60 836.36 466.25
2000 752.14 1,424.80 824.54 392.97
2001 877.33 1,269.30 624.04 447.62
2002 1,036.00 1,001.00 576.76 262.76
CLOSING SALE PRICES
NOMINAL REAIS PER 1,000 PREFERRED SHARES U.S. DOLLARS PER 1,000 PREFERRED SHARES
HIGH LOW HIGH LOW
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001
FIRST QUARTER 1,263.00 1,006.90 693.96 573.08
SECOND QUARTER 1,170.70 961.99 648.95 519.71
THIRD QUARTER 1,101.30 877.33 564.19 447.62
FOURTH QUARTER 1,269.30 933.33 624.04 480.40
2002
FIRST QUARTER 1,310.00 1,200.00 548.12 556.07
SECOND QUARTER 1,360.00 1,050.00 576.76 373.24
THIRD QUARTER 1,150.00 1,010.00 401.12 277.78
FOURTH QUARTER 1,360.00 1,030.00 386.82 262.76
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70
The sales prices included on the following table were translated into U.S.
dollars in accordance with the Commercial Market rate of exchange for each
corresponding date quoted.
CLOSING SALE PRICES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOMINAL REAIS PER 1,000 PREFERRED SHARES U.S. DOLLARS PER 1,000 PREFERRED SHARES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HIGH LOW HIGH LOW
December 2002 1,360.00 1,130.00 386,82 305,44
January 2003 1,360.00 1,140.00 397,01 313,19
February 2003 1,230.00 1,160.00 344,06 320,44
March 2003 1,240.00 1,130.00 354,29 333,33
April 2003 1,260.00 1,160.00 436,02 347,73
May 2003 1,370.00 1,270.00 461,96 419,46
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company's Preferred Shares were listed on the New York Stock Exchange. (the
"NYSE") in April 2001. The following tables present, for the periods indicated,
the high and low prices for the ADRs.
CLOSING SALE PRICE
U.S. DOLLARS PER ADR
HIGH LOW
2001
SECOND QUARTER 17.25 13.25
THIRD QUARTER 14.35 10.75
FOURTH QUARTER 16.55 11.33
2002
FIRST QUARTER 16.75 14.75
SECOND QUARTER 17.00 11.21
THIRD QUARTER 11.80 8.51
FOURTH QUARTER 16.55 11.33
CLOSING SALE PRICE
U.S. DOLLARS PER ADR
HIGH LOW
December/2002 11.90 9.25
January/2003 12.09 9.55
February/2003 16.50 14.75
March/2003 11.00 9.90
April/2003 13.00 10.61
May/2003 13.85 12.80
As of April 31, 2003 there were approximately 25 U.S. beneficial owners of the
ADSs (based on their addresses only), representing approximately 1.7 % of the
total Preferred Shares.
B. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Not required.
C. MARKETS
TRADING ON THE BRAZILIAN STOCK EXCHANGES
Of Brazil's stock exchanges, the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange has been the most
significant in recent years. During 2002, the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange accounted
for almost the total of the trading value negotiated in Brazil.
71
The Sao Paulo Stock Exchange is a non-profit entity owned by its member
brokerage firms. Trading on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange is limited to member
brokerage firms and a limited number of authorized non-members. The Sao Paulo
Stock Exchange currently has two open outcry trading sessions each business day,
from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m and from 2:00 p.m. to 4:45 p.m. Trading is also
conducted between 10:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on the automated system of the Sao
Paulo Stock Exchange. There is also trading in the so-called After-Market, only
through the automated system of the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, from 5:45 p.m. to
19:00 p.m. Only shares that were traded during the regular trading session of
the day may be traded in the After-Market of the same day.
There are no specialists or market makers for the Company's shares on the Sao
Paulo Stock Exchange. The Comissao de Valores Mobilarios (the "CVM" or the
"Brazilian Securities Commission") and the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange have
discretionary authority to suspend trading in shares of a particular issuer
under certain circumstances. Trading in securities listed on the Sao Paulo Stock
Exchange may be effected off the exchange under certain circumstances, although
such trading is very limited.
In December 2002, the aggregate market capitalization of the companies listed on
the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange was approximately US$ 124.0 billion. Although any
of the outstanding shares of a listed company may trade on the Sao Paulo Stock
Exchange, in most cases less than half of the listed shares are actually
available for trading by the public, the remainder being held by small groups of
controlling persons that rarely trade their shares. For this reason, data
showing the total market capitalization of the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange tend to
overstate the liquidity of the Brazilian equity securities market. The Brazilian
equity securities market is relatively small and illiquid compared to major
world markets.
Settlement of transactions is effected three business days after the trade date
without adjustment of the purchase price for inflation. Payment for shares is
made through the facilities of a separate clearinghouse, named Companhia
Brasileira de Liquidacao e Custodia - CBLC, which maintains accounts for member
brokerage firms. The seller is ordinarily required to deliver the shares to the
exchange on the second business day following the trade date. The CBLC is
controlled by clearing agents, such as member brokerage firms and banks, and the
Sao Paulo Stock Exchange.
Trading on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange by non-residents of Brazil is subject to
certain limitations under Brazilian foreign investment legislation.
REGULATION OF BRAZILIAN SECURITIES MARKETS
The Brazilian securities markets are regulated by the Brazilian Securities
Commission ("CVM"), which has authority over stock exchanges and the securities
markets generally, and by Banco Central do Brasil (the "Central Bank"), which
has, among other powers, licensing authority over brokerage firms and regulates
foreign investment and foreign exchange transactions. The Brazilian securities
market is governed by Law no. 6,385 dated December 7, 1976, as amended (the
"Brazilian Securities Law") and the Brazilian Corporate Law (Law no. 6,404 dated
December 15, 1976, as amended) (the "Brazilian Corporate Law").
Law 10,303 of October 31, 2001, amended Law n(0) 6,385/76 and Law n(0) 6,404/76.
The most important changes were (i) the conversion of CVM into an autonomous
governmental agency linked to the Ministry of Finance, with legal independence
and separate assets and liabilities; (ii) the requirement of greater disclosure
by listed companies; (iii) the tag-along right to minority common shareholders
in the event of change in control of a listed company; (iv) the right of
preferred shareholders with non-voting rights or restricted voting rights
representing at least 10% of the total stock of a listed company to elect one
board member and his alternate (by April 2005, the representative of such
shareholders is to be chosen out of a three-name list prepared by controlling
shareholders); (v) the right of the minority common shareholders to also elect
one board member; and (vi) the preferred shares will only be traded in the stock
market if they have at least one of the rights mentioned below: (a) priority in
the receipt of dividends corresponding to at least 3% of the shares' net worth
based on the last approved balance sheet of the company; (b) the right to
receive dividends at least 10% higher than the dividend assigned to each common
share; or (c) the tag-along right in the event of change in the control of the
company. Under the Brazilian Corporate Law, a company is either listed, a
"companhia aberta", such as the Company, or private, a "companhia fechada". All
listed companies are registered with the CVM and are subject to reporting
requirements. A company registered with the CVM may have
72
its securities traded either on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange or in the Brazilian
over-the-counter markets ("Brazilian OTC"). The shares of a listed company,
including the Company, may also be traded privately subject to certain
limitations.
There are certain cases in which the disclosure of information to the CVM, the
Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, or even to the public is required. These include (i)
the direct or indirect acquisition by an investor of at least 5% (five percent)
of any class or type of shares representing the capital stock of a listed
company, (ii) the sale of shares which represents the transfer of control of a
listed company and (iii) the occurrence of a material event to the corporation.
Recently CVM issued Instruction N(0) 361, of March 5, 2002, which regulates the
tender offers mainly when the following events occur: (i) delisting of public
companies; (ii) increase in the equity interest by the controlling shareholder;
and (iii) transfer of control of a public company.
To be listed on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, a company must apply for
registration with the CVM and the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange. Once this exchange
has admitted a company to listing and the CVM has accepted its registration as a
listed company, its securities may be traded in the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, as
long as the company complies with the minimum requirements of this exchange.
The Brazilian OTC consists of direct trades between individuals in which a
financial institution registered with the CVM serves as intermediary. No special
application, other than registration with the CVM, is necessary for securities
of a listed company to be traded in the Brazilian OTC. The CVM requires that it
be given notice of all trades carried out in the Brazilian OTC by the respective
intermediaries.
Trading in securities on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange may be suspended at the
request of a company in anticipation of the announcement of a material event.
Trading may also be suspended on the initiative of the exchange or the CVM,
among other reasons, based on or due to a belief that a company has provided
inadequate information regarding a material event or has provided inadequate
responses to the inquiries by the CVM or the exchange.
The Brazilian securities markets are governed principally by Brazilian
Securities Law, by Brazilian Corporate Law and by regulations issued by the CVM
and the Conselho Monetario Nacional (the "National Monetary Council"). These
laws and regulations, among others, provide for disclosure requirements,
restrictions on insider trading and price manipulation, and protection of
minority shareholders. Although many changes and improvements have been
introduced, the Brazilian securities markets are not as highly regulated and
supervised as the U.S. securities markets or markets in certain other
jurisdictions.
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. SHARE CAPITAL
Not Applicable.
B. MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
Not Applicable.
C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS
Not Applicable.
D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS
There are two foreign exchange markets in Brazil: the commercial rate exchange
market (the "Commercial Market") and the tourism rate exchange market (the
"Tourism Market"). Most trade and financial foreign exchange transactions,
including transactions relating to the purchase or sale of shares or the payment
of dividends with respect to shares, are
73
carried out in the Commercial Market. Purchases of foreign currencies in the
Commercial Market may be carried out only through a financial institution in
Brazil licensed to deal in foreign exchange. The Tourism Market rate generally
applies to transactions to which the Commercial Market rate does not apply, like
travels abroad. Since the introduction of the real, the two rates have not
differed materially, although there could be substantial differences between the
two rates in the future. In both markets, rates are freely negotiated but may be
strongly influenced by Central Bank intervention.
Contributing to keeping the rates in the two markets close to each other, the
National Monetary Council issued Resolution No. 2,588, of January 25, 1999,
which sets forth that the exchange positions held by financial institutions in
both markets should not be kept separately any longer. From its introduction in
July 1994 through March 1995, the real appreciated against the U.S. dollar. On
March 6, 1995, in an effort to address concerns about the overvaluation of the
real, the Central Bank introduced new exchange rate policies that established a
trading band within which the real/U.S. dollar exchange rate could fluctuate and
announced that it would intervene in the market and buy or sell U.S. dollars
whenever rates approached the upper or lower limit of the band. The Central Bank
initially set the exchange rate band with a floor of R$0.86 per U.S.$ 1.00 and a
ceiling of R$0.90 per U.S.$ 1.00 and provided that, after March 10, 1995, the
exchange rate band would be between R$0.88 and R$0.93 per U.S.$ 1.00. The
Central Bank had periodically adjusted the exchange rate band to permit the
gradual devaluation of the real against the U.S. dollar. On January 13, 1999,
due to increased pressure to devalue the real, the Central Bank allowed a de
facto 7.6 percent devaluation and established a new exchange rate band between
R$1.20 and R$1.32 per U.S.$1.00.
Despite this attempt to implement a limited devaluation, further devaluation
pressures caused the Central Bank on January 15, 1999, to announce that it would
let the real trade freely on the foreign exchange markets. This decision was
confirmed on January 18, 1999, when the Central Bank officially announced its
new policy to allow the real's value to be determined by the foreign exchange
markets, intervening only to limit wide swings in the value of the currency. At
the close of business on December 31, 1999 the real traded at a level of R$1.78
to U.S.$1.00. In 2000, there was no significant change in Central Bank's new
policy and, on December 31, 2000, the exchange rate was R$ 1.96 to U.S.$ 1.00.
It is not yet possible to predict whether the Central Bank will continue to let
the real float freely or if the real will remain at its present level. However,
even with new government and the total change in Brazillian Central Bank
management, exchange rate policy is still being implemented under a free
floating sistem.
Brazilian law provides that, whenever there is a significant imbalance in
Brazil's balance of payments or reasons to foresee such an imbalance, temporary
restrictions may be imposed on remittances of foreign capital abroad. For
approximately six months in 1989 and early 1990, for example, aiming at
preserving Brazil's foreign currency reserves, the Brazilian government froze
all dividend and capital repatriations that were owed to foreign equity
investors and held by the Central Bank. These amounts were subsequently released
in accordance with Brazilian Government directives. There can be no assurance,
however, that the Brazilian Government may not take similar measures in the
future.
E. TAXATION
The summary is based upon the tax laws of Brazil and the United States and
regulations thereunder as in effect on the date hereof, which are subject to
change (possibly with retroactive effect). Although there is at present no
income tax treaty between Brazil and the United States, the tax authorities of
the two countries have had negotiations regarding a treaty. No assurance can be
given, however, as to whether or when a treaty might enter into force or how it
might affect the U.S. holders of Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs. This
summary is also based upon the representations of the Depositary and on the
assumption that each obligation in the Deposit Agreement relating to the
Preferred ADSs and any related documents will be performed in accordance with
its terms.
74
BRAZILIAN TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion summarizes the material Brazilian tax consequences of
the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs
by a holder that is not domiciled in Brazil for purposes of Brazilian taxation
and, in the case of a holder of Preferred Shares which has registered its
investment in such securities with the Central Bank as a U.S. dollar investment
(in each case, a "non-Brazilian holder"). The following discussion does not
specifically address all of the Brazilian tax considerations applicable to any
particular non-Brazilian holder, and each non-Brazilian holder should consult
his or her own tax advisor concerning the Brazilian tax consequences of an
investment in any of such securities.
Taxation of Dividends. Dividends paid with respect to income earned since
January 1, 1996, including dividends paid in kind (i) to the Depositary in
respect of the Preferred Shares underlying the Preferred ADSs or (ii) to a
non-Brazilian holder in respect of Preferred Shares, are not subject to any
withholding tax in Brazil. The current tax legislation eliminated the then
existing 15% withholding tax on dividends paid to companies, resident
individuals or non-residents in Brazil. Accordingly, dividends with respect to
profits generated on or after January 1, 1996 are not subject to withholding tax
in Brazil. Dividends related to profits generated prior to December 31, 1993
will be subject to Brazilian withholding tax of 25%. Dividends related to
profits generated between January 1, 1994 and December 31, 1995 will be subject
to Brazilian withholding tax of 15%.
Taxation of Gains. Gains realized outside Brazil by a non-Brazilian holder on
the disposition of Preferred ADSs to another non-Brazilian holder are not
subject to Brazilian tax.
The withdrawal of Preferred Shares in exchange for Preferred ADSs is not subject
to Brazilian tax. The deposit of Preferred Shares in exchange for Preferred ADSs
is not subject to Brazilian tax provided that the Preferred Shares are
registered by the investor or its agent under the 2,689 Regulation. In the event
the Preferred Shares are not so registered, the deposit of Preferred Shares in
exchange for Preferred ADSs may be subject to Brazilian tax at the rate of 15%.
On receipt of the underlying Preferred Shares, a non-Brazilian holder who
qualifies under the 2,689 Regulation will be entitled to register the U.S.
dollar value of such shares with the Central Bank as described below.
Non-Brazilian holders are not subject to tax in Brazil on gains realized on
sales of Preferred Shares that occur abroad or on the proceeds of a redemption
of, or a liquidating distribution with respect to, Preferred Shares. When the
Preferred Shares are registered under the 2,689 Regulation, the non-Brazilian
holder cannot transfer or assign them abroad. As a general rule, non-Brazilian
holders are subject to a withholding tax imposed at a rate of 15% on gains
realized on sales or exchanges of Preferred Shares that occur in Brazil to or
with a resident of Brazil, outside of the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange.
Non-Brazilian holders are subject to withholding tax at the rate of 10% on gains
realized on sales or exchanges in Brazil of Preferred Shares that occur on the
Sao Paulo Stock Exchange unless such sale is made under the 2,689 Regulation.
Gains realized arising from transactions on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange by an
investor under the 2,689 Regulation are not subject to tax (except as described
below). The "gain realized" as a result of a transaction on the Sao Paulo Stock
Exchange is the difference between the amount in Brazilian currency realized on
the sale or exchange and the acquisition cost measured in Brazilian currency,
without any correction for inflation, of the shares sold. The "gain realized" as
a result of a transaction that occurs other than on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange
will be the positive difference between the amount realized on the sale or
exchange and the acquisition cost of the Preferred Shares, both such values to
be taken into account in reais. There are grounds, however, to hold that the
"gain realized" should be calculated based on the foreign currency amount
registered with the Central Bank. There can be no assurance that the current
preferential treatment for holders of Preferred ADSs and for certain
non-Brazilian holders of Preferred Shares under the 2,689 Regulation will
continue in the future or that such treatment will not be changed in the future.
As of January 1, 2000, the preferential treatment under the 2,689 Regulation is
no longer applicable if the non-Brazilian holder of the Preferred ADSs or
Preferred shares is resident of a tax haven - i.e., countries which do not
impose income tax or where such tax is imposed at a rate lower than 20% - in
accordance with Law No. 9,959, of January 27, 2000. In other words, gains
realized by such holder on the sale or exchange in Brazil that occur in the spot
market of shares traded on a Brazilian stock exchange will be taxed at a rate of
10% (to be increased to 20% as of January 1, 2002, in accordance with the same
Law). Law 9,959 also provides that such rate of 10% on gains realized on the
sale or exchange in Brazil of Preferred Shares, that occur on the Sao Paulo
Stock Exchange, will be increased to 20% for transactions carried out on or
after January 1, 2002. Any exercise of preemptive rights relating to the
Preferred Shares will not be subject to Brazilian taxation. Any gain on the sale
or assignment of preemptive rights relating to the Preferred Shares by the
Depositary on behalf of holders of Preferred
75
ADSs will be subject to Brazilian income taxation at the rate of 15%, unless
such sale or assignment is performed within the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, and
with the investments registered under 2,689 Resolution or Annex V from Central
Bank, in which the gains are exempt from withholding income tax . Any gain on
the sale or assignment of preemptive rights relating to Preferred Shares, will
be subject to Brazilian income tax at the same rate applicable to the sale or
disposition of Preferred Shares. The maximum rate of such tax is currently 15%.
Notional Interest Charge Attributed to Shareholder's Equity. Distributions of
interest on equity in respect of the Preferred Shares as an alternative form of
payment to shareholders who are either Brazilian residents or non-Brazilian
residents, including holders of ADSs, are subject to Brazilian withholding tax
at the rate of 15%. Since 1996, such payments have been tax deductible by the
Company. Since 1997, the payments have also been deductible in determining
social welfare contributions and income tax by the Company as long as the
payment of a distribution of interest is approved at the Company's General
Meeting. The distribution of interest on shareholders' equity may be determined
by the Board of Directors of the Company alone. No assurance can be given that
the Board of Directors of the Company will not determine that future
distributions of profits be made by means of interest on shareholders' equity
instead of by means of dividends.
Other Brazilian Taxes. There are no Brazilian inheritance, gift or succession
taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of Preferred Shares
or Preferred ADSs by a non-Brazilian holder except for gift and inheritance
taxes which are levied by some States of Brazil on gifts made or inheritances
bestowed by individuals or entities not resident or domiciled in Brazil or
domiciled within the State to individuals or entities resident or domiciled
within such State in Brazil. There are no Brazilian stamp, issue, registration
or similar taxes or duties payable by holders of Preferred Shares or Preferred
ADSs.
Pursuant to Decree 2,219 of May 2, 1997, and Ordinance no. 5 of January 21,
1999, issued by the Ministry of Finance, the amount in Reais resulting from the
conversion of the proceeds received by a Brazilian entity from a foreign
investment in the Brazilian securities market (including those in connection
with the investment in the Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs and those made
under Annex IV Regulations) is subject to a transaction tax ("IOF"), although at
present the rate of such tax is 0%. The Minister of Finance is empowered to
establish the applicable IOF tax rate. Under Law 8,894 of June 21, 1994, such
IOF tax rate may be increased at any time to a maximum of 25%, but any such
increase will only be applicable to transactions occurring after such increase
becomes effective.
Pursuant to Law 9,311 of October 24, 1996, the Contribuicao Provisoria sobre
Movimentacao Financeira (the "CPMF tax") was levied at a rate of 0.2% on all
fund transfers in connection with financial transactions in Brazil. Pursuant to
Law 9,539, the CPMF tax was payable until February 1999. Pursuant to
Constitutional Amendment 21, of March 18, 1999, the collection of the CPMF was
extended for an additional period of 36 months. This payment of the CPMF tax was
required as of June 17, 1999. The CPMF tax rate was 0.38% during the first 12
months, and would be 0.30% for the remaining period. But in December 2000,
Constitutional Amendment 31 increased the rate to 0.38% as of March 2001. The
responsibility for the collection of the CPMF tax is borne by the financial
institution that carries out the relevant financial transaction. Additionally,
when the non-Brazilian holder remitted the proceeds from the sale or assignment
of Preferred Shares by means of a foreign exchange transactions, the CPMF tax
was levied on the amount to be remitted abroad in Brazilian reais. However,
since April, 2002 this tax has not been charged on stock transactions. If it is
necessary to perform any exchange transaction in connection with Preferred ADSs
or Preferred Shares, it will bear the CPMF tax.
Registered Capital. The amount of an investment in Preferred Shares held by a
non-Brazilian holder who qualifies and registered with the CVM under the Annex
IV Regulations which was converted into Annex of 2,689 Resolution as of June
2000, or in ADSs held by the Depositary representing such holder, as the case
may be, is eligible for registration with the Central Bank; such registration
(the amount so registered is referred to as "Registered Capital") allows the
remittance abroad of foreign currency, converted at the Commercial Market rate,
acquired with the proceeds of distributions on, and amounts realized with
respect to disposition of, such Preferred Shares. The Registered Capital for
Preferred Shares purchased in the form of a Preferred ADSs, or purchased in
Brazil and deposited with the Depositary in exchange for a Preferred ADS, will
be equal to their purchase price (in U.S. dollars) paid by the purchaser. The
Registered Capital for Preferred Shares that are withdrawn upon surrender of
Preferred ADSs, will be the U.S. dollar equivalent of (i) the average price of
the Preferred Shares on the Brazilian stock exchange on which the greatest
number of such Preferred Shares was sold on the day of withdrawal, or (ii) if no
Preferred Shares were sold
76
on such day, the average price of Preferred Shares that were sold in the fifteen
trading sessions immediately preceding such withdrawal. The U.S. dollar value of
the Preferred Shares is determined on the basis of the average Commercial market
rates quoted by the Central Bank on such date (or, if the average price of
Preferred Shares is determined under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence, the
average of such average quoted rates on the same fifteen dates used to determine
the average price of the Preferred Shares).
A non-Brazilian holder of Preferred Shares may experience delays in effecting
the registration of Registered Capital which may delay remittances abroad. Such
a delay may adversely affect the amount, in U.S. dollars, received by the
non-Brazilian holder.
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
As used below, a "U.S. holder" is a beneficial owner of a Preferred Share or
Preferred ADS that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) a citizen or
individual resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or entity treated
as a corporation) organized under the laws of the United States, any State
thereof or the District of Columbia, or (iii) any other person or entity that is
subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the
Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs (including a nonresident alien individual or
foreign corporation whose income with respect to a Preferred Share or Preferred
ADS is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business). The
following discussion assumes that the Preferred Shares and Preferred ADSs are
held as capital assets.
In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a beneficial owner of an
American Depository Receipt ("ADR") evidencing an ADS will be treated as the
beneficial owner of the Preferred Share(s) represented by the applicable ADS.
Taxation of Dividends. In general, a distribution made with respect to a
Preferred Share or Preferred ADS (which for this purpose will include
distributions of interest on equity) will, to the extent made from the current
or accumulated earnings and profits of the Company, as determined under U.S.
federal income tax principles, constitute a dividend for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. If a distribution exceeds the amount of the Company's current and
accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated as a non-taxable return of
capital to the extent of the U.S. holder's tax basis in the Preferred Share or
Preferred ADS on which it is paid and thereafter as capital gain. As discussed
below, the term "dividend" means a distribution that constitutes a dividend for
U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The gross amount of any dividend paid (which will include any amounts withheld
in respect of Brazilian taxes) with respect to a Preferred Share or Preferred
ADS will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation as foreign source dividend
income and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction generally
allowed to U.S. corporations. A dividend paid in Brazilian currency will be
includible in the income of a U.S. holder at its value in U.S. dollars
calculated by reference to the prevailing spot market exchange rate in effect on
the day it is received by the U.S. holder or, in the case of a dividend received
in respect of Preferred ADSs, on the date the dividend is received by the
Depositary, whether or not the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars. Any gain
or loss realized on a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the
Brazilian currency will be treated as U.S. source ordinary income or loss. In
the case of a U.S. holder that is not a United States person, however, the
currency gain or loss will be U.S. source income only if the currency is held by
a qualified business unit of the U.S. holder in the United States.
Subject to generally applicable limitations under U.S. federal income tax law,
the Brazilian withholding tax will be treated as a foreign income tax eligible
for credit against a U.S. holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to
generally applicable limitations. For purposes of the computation of the foreign
tax credit limitation separately for specific categories of income, any
dividends generally will constitute foreign source "passive income" or, in the
case of certain holders, "financial services income." Alternatively, a U.S.
holder may elect not to claim a credit for any of its foreign taxes and deduct
all of those taxes in computing taxable income.
Recently enacted U.S. federal income tax legislation reduces the rate of U.S.
federal income tax payable by noncorporate taxpayers on dividends paid by
certain non-U.S. corporations to 15% (or, with respect to dividends that
otherwise would be taxed at the 10% or 15% rates, to 5%, except for taxable
years beginning after December 31, 2007, for which the tax is eliminated). The
reduced rates apply for purposes of both the regular tax and the alternative
minimum tax. A dividend paid by a non-U.S. corporation qualifies for the reduced
rate of tax if the stock on which the dividend is paid is readily tradable on an
established securities market in the United States. The new legislation
77
does not define "regularly tradable" or an "established securities market" for
this purpose, although the legislative history indicates that a share of stock
is treated as readily tradable on an established securities market if an ADR
backed by the share is so tradable. Based on similar provisions in U.S. federal
income tax law, the New York Stock Exchange, where Preferred ADSs trade, should
qualify as an "established securities market". Even if the Preferred ADSs are so
tradable at the time a dividend is paid, to qualify for the reduced rates, a
shareholder must hold the share of stock on which the dividend is paid for more
than 60 days during the 120-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend
date, disregarding for this purpose any period during which the taxpayer has an
option to sell, is under a contractual obligation to sell or has made (and not
closed) a short sale of substantially identical stock or securities, is the
grantor of an option to buy substantially identical stock or securities or,
pursuant to Treasury regulations, has diminished its risk of loss by holding one
or more other positions with respect to substantially similar or related
property. The 60-day and 120-day periods are extended to 90 days and 180 days in
the case of preferred stock. In addition, to qualify for the reduced rates, the
taxpayer must not be obligated to make related payments with respect to
positions in substantially similar or related property. Payments in lieu of
dividends from short sales or other similar transactions will not qualify for
the reduced rates, although it is possible that individual taxpayers who receive
such payments from their brokers may treat the payments as dividends to the
extent the payments are reported to them as dividend income on their Forms
1099-DIV received for calendar year 2003, unless they know or have reason to
know that the payments are in fact payments in lieu of dividends rather than
actual dividends. A taxpayer that receives an extraordinary dividend eligible
for the new reduced tax rates must treat any loss on the sale of the stock as a
long-term capital loss to the extent of the dividend. For purposes of
determining the amount of a taxpayer's deductible investment interest expense, a
dividend is treated as investment income only if the taxpayer elects to treat
the dividend as not eligible for the new reduced rates. Special limitations on
foreign tax credits with respect to dividends subject to the reduced rates apply
to reflect the reduced rates of tax. The new reduced tax rates on dividends
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2002 and before January 1,
2009.
Taxation of Capital Gains. A deposit or withdrawal of Preferred Shares by a
holder in exchange for a Preferred ADS will not result in the realization of
gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
A U.S. holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss upon a sale or other
disposition of a Preferred Share or Preferred ADS held by the U.S. holder or the
Depositary in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. holder's
adjusted basis in the Preferred Share or Preferred ADS (determined in U.S.
dollars), and the U.S. dollar amount realized on the sale or other disposition.
If a Brazilian tax is withheld on the sale or disposition of a share, the amount
realized by a U.S. holder will include the gross amount of the proceeds of that
sale or disposition before deduction of the Brazilian tax. Recently enacted U.S.
federal income tax legislation reduces the maximum rate of U.S. federal income
tax that noncorporate taxpayers pay on adjusted net capital gain to 15% (or,
with respect to adjusted net capital gain that otherwise would be taxed at the
10% or 15% rates, to 5%, except for taxable years beginning after December 31,
2007, for which the tax is eliminated). The reduced rates apply for purposes of
both the regular tax and the alternative minimum tax. The lower rates of 8% and
18% for assets held more than five years were eliminated. The new legislation
applies to taxable years ending on or after May 6, 2003 and before January 1,
2009, after which the maximum tax rate on adjusted net capital gain for
noncorporate taxpayers will be 20%. . Capital gain or loss, if any, realized by
a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of a Preferred Share or Preferred
ADS generally will be treated as U.S. source income or loss for U.S. foreign tax
credit purposes. Consequently, in the case of a disposition of a Preferred Share
or Preferred ADS that is subject to Brazilian income tax (see "--Brazilian Tax
Considerations--Taxation of Gains"), the U.S. holder may not be able to use the
foreign tax credit for that Brazilian tax unless it can apply the credit against
U.S. tax payable on other income from foreign sources in the appropriate income
category, or, alternatively, it may take a deduction for the Brazilian tax if it
elects to deduct all of its foreign income taxes. The same result could arise
when a disposition is subject to Brazilian income tax but is not a taxable event
for U.S. federal income tax purposes (for example, a deposit of a Preferred
Share for a Preferred ADS that is subject to Brazilian tax).
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules. Based upon the nature of its current
and projected income, assets and activities, the Company does not expect the
Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs to be considered shares of a passive foreign
investment company ("PFIC") for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, a
foreign corporation is a PFIC if at least 75% of its gross income for the
taxable year (or, in general, a preceding taxable year in which the taxpayer
owned stock in the corporation) is passive income or if at least 50% of its
assets for the current year (or, in general, a preceding year in which the
taxpayer owned stock in the corporation) produce passive income or are held for
the production of passive income. In general, passive income for this purpose
means, with certain designated exceptions, dividends, interest, rents,
royalties, annuities, net gains from dispositions of certain assets, net foreign
78
currency gains, income equivalent to interest, income from notional principal
contracts and payments in lieu of dividends. The determination of whether the
Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs constitute shares of a PFIC is a factual
determination made annually, and therefore the Company's failure to constitute a
PFIC at one time is subject to change. Subject to certain exceptions, once a
U.S. holder's Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs are treated as shares of a
PFIC, they remain shares in a PFIC.
If the Company is treated as a PFIC, contrary to the discussion in "U.S. Federal
Income Tax Considerations--Taxation of Dividends" and "--U.S. Federal Income Tax
Considerations--Taxation of Capital Gains" above, a U.S. holder would be subject
to special rules with respect to (i) any gain realized on the sale or other
disposition of Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs and (ii) any "excess
distribution" by the Company to the U.S. holder (generally, any distribution
during a taxable year in which distributions to the U.S. holder on the Preferred
Shares or Preferred ADSs exceed 125% of the average annual taxable distributions
the U.S. holder received on the Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs during the
proceeding three taxable years or, if shorter, the U.S. holder's holding period
for the Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs). Under those rules, (i) the gain or
excess distribution would be allocated ratably over the U.S. holder's holding
period for the Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs, (ii) the amount allocated to
the taxable year in which the gain or excess distribution is realized would be
taxable as ordinary income and (iii) the amount allocated to each prior year,
with certain exceptions, would be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in
effect for that year, and the interest charge generally applicable to
underpayments of tax would be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each
such year. A U.S. holder who owns Preferred Shares or Preferred ADSs during any
year the Company is a PFIC must file Internal Revenue Service Form 8621.
The special PFIC rules described above will not apply to a U.S. holder if the
U.S. holder makes a timely election to treat the Company as a "qualified
electing fund" in the first taxable year in which the U.S. holder owns a
Preferred Share or Preferred ADS and if the Company complies with certain
reporting requirements. Instead, a shareholder of a qualified electing fund is
required for each taxable year to include in income a pro rata share of the
ordinary earnings of the qualified electing fund as ordinary income and a pro
rata share of the net capital gain of the qualified electing fund as long-term
capital gain, subject to a separate election to defer payment of taxes, which
deferral is subject to an interest charge. Any ordinary income inclusion, as
well as any actual dividend that otherwise would qualify for the 15% maximum tax
rate prescribed by recently enacted U.S. federal income tax legislation, will
not qualify for that rate if the foreign corporation is a PFIC in either the
taxable year of the dividend or the preceding taxable year. Any net capital gain
inclusion should qualify for the new 15% rate on adjusted net capital gain.The
Company has not yet determined whether, if it were a PFIC, it would make the
computations necessary to supply U.S. holders with the information needed to
report income and gain pursuant to a QEF election. It is, therefore, possible
that U.S. holders would not be able to make that election if the Company became
a PFIC.
Assuming the election is available, the QEF election is made on a
shareholder-by-shareholder basis and generally can be revoked only with the
consent of the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS. A shareholder makes a QEF
election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621, including the PFIC annual
information statement, to a timely filed U.S. federal income tax return and by
filing that form with the IRS Service Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Even
if a QEF election is not made, a shareholder in a PFIC who is a U.S. person must
file a completed IRS Form 8621 every year. Although a QEF election generally
cannot be revoked, if a U.S. holder made a timely QEF election for the first
taxable year it owned a Preferred Share or Preferred ADS and the Company is a
PFIC, the QEF election ceases to apply in any later taxable year in which the
Company does not satisfy the tests to be a PFIC. If that election is not made in
that first taxable year, an election in a later year generally will require the
payment of tax and interest, and in certain circumstances the election may cease
to be available at a later date.
In lieu of a WEG election, a U.S. holder of stock in a PFIC that is considered
marketable stock could elect to mark the stock to market annually, recognizing
as ordinary income or loss each year an amount equal to the difference as of the
close of the taxable year between the fair market value of the holder's PFIC
stock and the adjusted basis in the PFIC stock. Losses would be allowed only to
the extent of net mark-to-market gain previously included in income by the U.S.
holder under the election for prior taxable years. If the mark-to-market
election were made, then the rules set forth in the second preceding paragraph
would not apply for periods covered by the election. In general, our stock will
be marketable stock within the meaning of the Treasury regulations if its is
traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each
calendar quarter.
79
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. A U.S. holder of a Preferred Share
or Preferred ADS will generally be subject to information reporting to the U.S.
Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") and to "backup withholding" with respect to
dividends paid on or the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of a Preferred
Share or Preferred ADS or paid within the United States, unless such holder (i)
is a corporation or comes within certain other exempt categories, and
demonstrates this fact when so required, or (ii) provides a correct taxpayer
identification number, certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding,
and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding
rules. Any amount withheld under these rules will be creditable against the
holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, and a U.S. holder may obtain a
refund of any excess amounts withheld by filing the appropriate claim for refund
with the IRS. While holders that are not U.S. holders generally are exempt from
backup withholding and information reporting on payments made within the United
States, a holder that is not a U.S. holder may be required to comply with
applicable certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person in
order to avoid the application of U.S. information reporting requirements and
backup withholding.
F. DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS
Not Applicable.
G. STATEMENTS OF EXPERTS
Not Applicable.
H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
Sadia's SEC filings, including this annual report and the exhibits thereto, are
available for inspection and copying at the public reference facilities
maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information can be
obtained either on the SEC website (www.sec.gov) or by phone 1-800-SEC-0330.
Company documents and statutory information are also available at Sadia's
website (www.sadia.com.br) (which is not deemed incorporated by reference in
this annual report). Information regarding legal issues can be obtained from the
Company's U.S. legal counsel, Greenberg, Traurig, LLP, at 1-212-801-9380.
I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Not Applicable.
80
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company is exposed to various market risks, including changes in foreign
currency exchange rates and interest rates. Market risk is the potential loss
arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as foreign
currency exchange rates and interest rates.
Sadia's sales outside Brazil are largely U.S. dollar-denominated. Sales to both
domestic and overseas markets are affected on a regular basis to continuous
customers and the Company's strategy is to increase exports to new markets in
different regions. There are no significant firm commitments for future sales in
dollars.
Foreign Currency Risk
The Company's foreign currency exposure gives rise to market risks associated
with exchange rate movements against the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency
denominated liabilities as of December 31, 2002 consisted of debt denominated in
U.S. dollars. As of December 31, 2002, approximately 51% of the Company's cash,
cash equivalents and investments in debt securities were denominated in U.S.
dollars. Sadia's sales outside Brazil are largely U.S. dollar-denominated, and
sales within Brazil and most operating costs are reais denominated. At December
31, 2002 foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts totally hedge the
exposure arising from U.S. dollar-denominated debt. The Company evaluates on a
regular basis the macroeconomic situation and impact on Sadia's financial
position. The table below provides information on Company's foreign currency as
of December 31, 2002.
As of December 31, 2002
Expected Maturity Date
After Fair Average Annual
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2007 Total Value Interest Rate
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----- ----- ---------------
(R$ in millions)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
denominated in U.S. dollars 122.1 - - - - - 122.1 122.1 2,45%
Investments:
denominated in U.S. dollars 72.4 32.7 39.2 23.2 23.2 573.7 764.4 760.0 12.53%
Total cash, cash equivalents and 194.5 32.7 39.2 23.2 23.2 573.7 886.5 882.1 -
Investments
Liabilities:
Short term debt:
denominated in U.S. dollars 1,241.2 - - - - - 1,241.2 1,241.2 4.77%
Long term debt:
denominated in U.S. dollars 209.3 215.9 314.5 221.2 83.7 81.4 1,126.0 1,126.0 7.81%
Total short and long term debt 1,450.5 215.9 314.5 221.2 83.7 81.4 2,367.2 2,367.2
Foreign currency and interest
Rate swap contracts notional
Amount 284.2 7.4 173.2 304.9 - 42.6 812.3 163.5 68% CDI
10.8% p.a in
U.S. Dollars
Average Paying Rate
in reais 68%CDI
Average Receiving
Rate in U.S. Dollars 10.8%p.a.
81
The Company incurred most of this debt principally to take advantage of the
opportunities that arise due to interest rate differentials between
real-denominated financial instruments (cash and cash equivalents) and its
foreign currency export credits. The Company believes that given its level of
assets and resources, it should have sufficient cash and sources of working
capital to meet its debt service.
Foreign currency denominated contracts constituting "export prepayments"
generally cannot be prepaid, since they are intended to be amortized using the
proceeds from designated export shipments. The amortization can be accelerated,
provided that the corresponding export shipment is itself accelerated. Other
foreign currency denominated financings, undertaken through Sadia International,
provides elective prepayment without premium or penalty. Such prepayments,
however, are subject to paying the lenders an indemnity for "breakage" costs,
which often may make prepayment prohibitively expensive.
The percentage of the Company's debt subject to fixed and floating interest
rates is as follows:
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2002
Floating rate debt
. Denominated in US dollars 4%
. Denominated in reais 16%
Fixed rate debt
. Denominated in US dollars 68%
. Denominated in reais 12%
Total............................................. 100%
Sadia's foreign currency and interest swap contracts are effected to mitigate
the potential foreign currency exchange losses which would be generated by U.S.
dollar denominated liabilities in the event of a devaluation. The Company does
not use these swap contracts for trading or speculative purposes. The exports
sales in U.S. dollars also mitigate the potential losses in the event of a
devaluation.
Interest Rate Risk
Sadia's floating interest rate exposure is primarily subject to the variations
of LIBOR as it relates to U.S. dollar-denominated debt and to the variations of
the TJLP, an annual long-term interest rate that includes an inflation factor
and is determined quarterly by the Central Bank and other exchange variation. On
December 31, 2002, the TJLP was equivalent to 10.00% per year.
The interest rate on Company's cash and cash equivalents denominated in reais is
based primarily on Interbank Deposit Certificates, or CDI rate, the benchmark
interest rate set by the interbank market on a daily basis.
The table below provides information about Sadia's significant interest
rate-sensitive instruments. For variable interest rate debt, the rate presented
is the weighted average rate calculated as of December 31, 2002.
82
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2002
EXPECTED MATURITY DATE
AVERAGE
AFTER FAIR ANNUAL
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2007 TOTAL VALUE INTEREST RATE
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----- ----- -------------
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Denominated in reais 201.6 - - - - - 201.6 201.6 100 % of CDI
Denominated in reais 131.9 - - - - - 131.9 131.9 -
Denominated in U.S. 5.6 - - - - - 5.6 5.6 -
dollars
Denominated in U.S. 116.5 - - - - - 116.5 116.5 2.45%
dollars
455.6 - - - - - 455.6 455.6
Investments in debt
securities:
Denominated in reais 721.8 54.3 - - - 14.5 790.6 790.6 24.59%
Denominated in U.S. 72.4 32.7 39.2 23.2 23.2 573.7 764.4 760.0 12.53%
dollars
Total cash, cash 1,249.8 87.0 39.2 23.2 23.2 588.2 2,010.6 2,006.2
equivalents and
Investments in debt
securities
Liabilities:
Short term debt:
Fixed rate
Denominated in reais 263.0 - - - - - 263.0 263.0 8.75 %
Denominated in U.S. 1,241.2 - - - - - 1,241.2 1,241.2 4.77%
dollars
Total short-term debt 1,504.2 - - - - - 1,504.2 1,504.2
Long term debt:
Fixed rate
Denominated in reais 6.5 - 3.0 - - 99.0 108.5 108.5 IGPM+9.89%
Denominated in U.S. 176.8 179.5 278.0 208.0 70.6 70.6 983.5 983.5 4.31%
dollars
Floating rate
Denominated in reais 332.1 76.8 75.5 17.0 10.7 6.4 518.5 518.5 TJLP+1.97%
Denominated in U.S. 32.5 36.4 36.5 13.2 13.1 10.8 142.5 142.5 3.50%
dollars
--------------------------------------------------------
Total long term debt 547.9 292.7 393.0 238.2 94.4 186.8 1,753.0 1,753.0
Total debt 2,052.1 292.7 393.0 238.2 94.4 186.8 3,257.2 3,257.2
Foreign currency and
interest rate swap
contracts notional amount 284.2 7.4 173.2 304.9 - 42.6 812.3 163.5
- reais to US Dollars
Average Paying Rate in reais 68% CDI
Average Receiving Rate in Dollars 10.8% p.a.
At December 31, 2002, the Company had foreign currency and interest rate swap
contracts to hedge its U.S. dollar denominated debt. Since a large portion of
its debt is denominated in U.S. dollars, the Company protects itself from the
effects of unfavorable exchange movements by entering into foreign currency and
interest rate swap contracts. The Company does not use derivatives for trading
or speculative purposes. See note 16 of the consolidated financial Statements
for discussion of the accounting policies for derivatives and other financial
instruments.
83
PART II
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not Applicable.
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDENDS ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
None.
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF
PROCEEDS
Not Applicable.
ITEM 15. CONTROL AND PROCEDURES
Within the 90 days prior to the date of this report, the Company carried
out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of its
management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and
procedures. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of
disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and
the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly,
even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable
assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon and as of the date
of our evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective to
provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the
reports the Company files and submits under the Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported as and when required.
Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the Company's internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls
subsequent to the date of their most recent evaluation, including any corrective
actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses. The
certifications required by this Item have been filed as Exhibits 12.01 and
12.02.
ITEM 16. [RESERVED]
PART III
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company has responded to Item 18 in lieu of responding to this item.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Reference is made to Item 19 for a list of all financial Statements filed
as part of this Annual Report.
ITEM 19. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
Report of Independent Auditors.............................................F - 1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002 and 2001...............F - 2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for Years Ended
December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 ..........................................F - 4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
for the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.......................F - 6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the the Years Ended
December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000...........................................F - 8
84
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................................F - 9
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting
regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the
related instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been omitted.
LIST OF EXHIBITS
12.01 Certification by the Company's Chief Executive Officer required by Item 15
12.02 Certification by the Company's Chief Financial Officer required by Item 15
13.01 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
13.02 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
85
SIGNATURES
The Company hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for
filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned
to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.
SADIA S.A.
Date: June 20th, 2003
By: By:
Name:Walter Fontana Filho Name: Luiz Gonzaga Murat Jr.
Title: Chief Executive Officer Title: Chief Financial Officer
86
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SADIA S.A.
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002, 2001 AND 2000
SADIA S.A.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
INDEX
Report of Independent Auditors...............................................F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002 and 2001.................F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for Years Ended December 31,
2002, 2001 and 2000..........................................................F-4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the
Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.................................F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.............................................F-8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements...................................F-9
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Sadia S.A.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sadia S.A. as of
December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of
operations, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2002. These financial statements
are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted
in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Sadia S.A. at
December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the consolidated results of its operations and
its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America.
As discussed in Note 3, during 2001 the Company changed its method of accounting
for derivative financial instruments.
Ernst & Young
Auditores Independentes S.C.
Sergio Ricardo Romani
Partner
Sao Paulo, Brazil
January 31, 2003
F-1
SADIA S.A.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2002 and 2001
(In thousands of Reais - R$, except share amounts)
2002 2001
----------------------------
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents 455,596 269,550
Held-to-maturity securities 721,765 -
Available-for-sale debt securities 72,422 76,804
Foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts 51,164 -
Accounts and notes receivable, net 468,954 377,824
Inventories 860,594 685,115
Recoverable taxes 130,394 72,344
Deferred income taxes 31,740 54,659
Other assets 24,838 31,752
----------------------------
Total current assets 2,817,467 1,568,048
Property, plant and equipment, net 860,070 857,653
Other assets:
Equity investees 5,422 2,061
Held-to-maturity securities 2,234 -
Available for sale debt securities 758,623 609,767
Foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts 112,384 -
Judicial deposits 69,044 56,713
Recoverable taxes 113,701 28,272
Deferred income taxes 128,286 92,086
Assets available for sale 29,419 30,080
Intangible asset 28,187 31,767
Prepaid pension plan 18,959 12,739
Other 31,831 36,119
----------------------------
Total other assets 1,298,090 899,604
----------------------------
Total assets 4,975,627 3,325,305
============================
F-2
2002 2001
----------------------------
Liabilities and Shareholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Short -term debt 1,504,214 698,940
Current portion of long-term debt 547,854 211,446
Foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts - 14,137
Suppliers 247,176 175,727
Salaries and social charges payable 14,589 12,742
Taxes payable 45,692 37,920
Dividends payable 55,666 52,793
Accrued vacation payable 42,273 36,117
Accrued employee bonus 23,164 26,085
Accrued freight 28,480 4,530
Other 82,275 64,739
----------------------------
Total current liabilities 2,591,383 1,335,176
Long-term liabilities
Long-term debt 1,205,160 889,767
Provision for legal proceedings and labor claims 57,273 56,789
Income taxes - 38,480
Accrued benefit liability 38,260 34,164
Other 25,429 3,215
----------------------------
Total long-term liabilities 1,326,122 1,022,415
Commitments and contingencies
Minority interest 363 533
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred shares, no par value, 426,000,000 shares 439,939 439,939
Authorized and issued in 2002 and 2001
Common shares, no par value, 257,000,000 shares 260,061 260,061
Authorized and issued in 2002 and 2001
Preferred shares in treasury, at cost (198) (198)
Appropriated retained earnings 468,413 308,954
Unappropriated retained earnings (deficit) 6,145 (41,992)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (116,601) 417
----------------------------
Total shareholders' equity 1,057,759 967,181
----------------------------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 4,975,627 3,325,305
============================
See notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-3
SADIA S.A
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001
and 2000 (In thousands of Reais - R$, except
numbers of shares and per share amounts)
2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------
Gross operating revenue 4,654,752 3,977,137 3,257,944
Value-added tax on sales (417,280) (293,280) (316,919)
Sales deductions (50,337) (81,387) (59,749)
-----------------------------------------
Net operating revenue 4,187,135 3,602,470 2,881,276
Cost of goods sold (2,903,152) (2,322,691) (2,167,016)
-----------------------------------------
Gross profit 1,283,983 1,279,779 714,260
Operating expenses:
Selling (876,755) (720,761) (563,025)
General and administrative (49,133) (54,029) (51,603)
Other operating expenses, net (12,773) (17,136) (9,174)
-----------------------------------------
Total operating expenses (938,661) (791,926) (623,802)
-----------------------------------------
Operating income 345,322 487,853 90,458
Interest expense (317,755) (201,210) (187,268)
Interest income and other, net 266,462 144,635 190,519
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net 2,701 (171,377) (72,775)
-----------------------------------------
Income before income taxes, equity income (loss) of 296,730 259,901 20,934
investees, minority interest and cumulative effect of
accounting change
Income tax expense
Current benefit (expense) 34,631 (38,895) (867)
Deferred tax benefit (expense) (30,779) 5,060 (20,954)
Benefits of operating loss carryforwards (16,007) (17,221) -
-----------------------------------------
(12,155) (51,056) (21,821)
-----------------------------------------
Income (loss) before equity income (loss) of investees, 284,575 208,845 (887)
minority interest and cumulative effect of accounting
change
Equity (loss) income of investees (650) 43 (5,093)
Minority interest 337 439 496
-----------------------------------------
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change 284,262 209,327 (5,484)
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax - (5,843) -
-----------------------------------------
Net income (loss) 284,262 203,484 (5,484)
Net income (loss) applicable to preferred shares 183,533 131,378 (3,420)
Net income (loss) applicable to common shares 100,729 72,106 (2,064)
-----------------------------------------
Net income (loss) 284,262 203,484 (5,484)
=========================================
F-4
SADIA S.A
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001
and 2000 (In thousands of Reais - R$, except
numbers of shares and per share amounts)
2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per share data: Net Before Cumulative Net Net
Income cumulative effect of Income Loss
effect of accounting
accounting change
change
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per
thousands shares
in R$:
Preferred 431.14 317.48 (8.86) 308.62 (8.03)
Common 391.94 288.62 (8.06) 280.56 (8.03)
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding:
Preferred 425,695,712 425,695,712 425,695,712 425,695,712 425,695,712
Common 257,000,000 257,000,000 257,000,000 257,000,000 257,000,000
See notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-5
SADIA S.A.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais -R$ and shares)
2002 2001 2000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares Amounts Shares Amounts Shares Amounts
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Preferred shares
At the beginning of the year 426,000 439,939 426,000 439,939 426,000 336,669
Capital increase without issue of - - - - - 103,270
shares
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the end of the year 426,000 439,939 426,000 439,939 426,000 439,939
Common shares
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the beginning of the year 257,000 260,061 257,000 260,061 257,000 203,108
Capital increase without issue of - - - - 56,953
shares -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the end of the year 257,000 260,061 257,000 260,061 257,000 260,061
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Treasury shares
At the beginning of the year (304) (198) (304) (198) (304) (198)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the end of the year (304) (198) (304) (198) (304) (198)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retained earnings
Appropriated retained earnings
At the beginning of the year - 308,954 - 186,552 - 48,353
Transfer from unappropriated - 159,459 - 122,402 - 138,199
retained earnings (deficit)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the end of the year - 468,413 - 308,954 - 186,552
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unappropriated retained earnings
(deficit)
At the beginning of the year - (41,992) - (42,868) - 284,651
Used to increase capital - - - - - (160,223)
Net income (loss) - 284,262 - 203,484 - (5,484)
Transfer to appropriated - (159,459) - (122,402) - (138,199)
retained earnings
Dividends / interest on capital
Preferred - (49,500) - (51,786) - (15,251)
Common - (27,166) - (28,420) - (8,362)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the end of the year - 6,145 - (41,992) - (42,868)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated other comprehensive
income
At the beginning of the year - 417 - 10,292 - -
Adjustment to unrealized gain (loss) - (177,085) - (9,875) - 10,292
on available-for-sale
securities
Income tax benefit - 60,067 - - - -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
At the end of the year - (116,601) - 417 - 10,292
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total shareholders' equity - 1,057,759 - 967,181 - 853,778
=========================================================================
F-6
SADIA S.A
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001
and 2000
(In thousands of Reais -R$)
2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss) 284,262 203,484 (5,484)
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities (177,085) (6,845) 10,292
Income tax benefit 60,067 - -
Reclassification adjustment for gain included in net income - (3,030) -
-----------------------------------------
Comprehensive income 167,244 193,609 4,808
=========================================
See notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-7
SADIA S.A.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais -R$)
2002 2001 2000
-----------------------------------------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss) 284,262 203,484 (5,484)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax - 5,843 -
Minority interest (337) (439) (496)
Gain on sale of securities - (3,030) (20,627)
Foreign currency exchange (gain) loss, net (2,701) 171,377 72,775
Equity income or loss of investees 650 (43) 5,093
Loss on divestiture of Lapa investment - - 7,962
Depreciation 92,136 88,902 73,515
Deferred income taxes 46,786 12,161 20,954
Pension plan (6,220) (691) 8,348
Provision for (reversal of) contingencies 484 (48,964) 11,885
Loss (gain) from sale of property, plant and equipment 10,700 (717) 1,774
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts and notes receivable (91,130) 15,597 16,400
Inventories (175,479) (155,218) 5,488
Recoverable taxes and other assets (128,697) (20,718) (14,290)
Judicial deposits (12,331) (8,582) 20,134
Suppliers 71,449 17,534 (17,485)
Social charges, taxes payable and other liabilities 204,362 143,694 (31,726)
-----------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 293,934 420,190 154,220
-----------------------------------------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 7,530 67,026 36,090
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (112,122) (103,522) (155,679)
Investment in equity investees (2,933) (1,472) -
Held-to-maturity investments:
Purchases (805,968) - (40,635)
Maturities 132,992 - 103,851
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Purchases (61,529) (93,895) (649,046)
Maturities and sales 71,391 277,758 655,258
Other assets - - (15,836)
-----------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES (770,639) 145,895 (65,997)
-----------------------------------------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Short-term debt
Issuances 1,466,623 734,532 1,646,090
Repayments (967,434) (1,471,648) (1,812,906)
Long-term debt
Issuances 561,208 496,445 128,932
Repayments (323,852) (175,553) (99,351)
Dividends paid (73,794) (52,572) (25,384)
Indebtedness to related parties - (19,792) (15,294)
-----------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES 662,751 (488,588) (177,913)
-----------------------------------------
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 186,046 77,497 (89,690)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 269,550 192,053 281,743
-----------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 455,596 269,550 192,053
=========================================
See notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-8
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
1. OPERATIONS
Sadia S.A. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, "Sadia" or "the
Company") is incorporated under the laws of the Federative Republic of
Brazil. Sadia S.A.'s shares are traded on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange.
During 2000, Sadia S.A.'s wholly owned subsidiary Rezende Alimentos Ltda.
was converted from a limited liability company into a corporation and the
subsidiary's name was changed to Sadia Alimentos S.A. On December 29,
2000, Sadia S.A., then the parent, was merged into Sadia Alimentos S.A.,
whose name was then changed to Sadia S.A. On July 23, 2002, Granja Rezende
S.A. was merged into Sadia S.A.. As both mergers were into wholly owned
subsidiaries, there was no effect on the consolidated financial
statements.
The Company's principal business is the production and distribution of
poultry and pork products. The Company's operations include feed
facilities, hatcheries, poultry farms for grandparent and parent stock,
pork breeding centers, poultry and pork processing units, sales offices
and distribution centers. Presently Sadia's operations are organized into
three main business segments: "Processed Products" (sausage, ham, chicken
nuggets, margarine, frozen meals, pizza and pasta among other similar
products), "Poultry" (chickens and turkeys) and "Pork".
Although the economic situation in Brazil has remained stable in recent
years, a return to higher levels of inflation and currency fluctuations
could adversely affect the Company's operations. The devaluation of the
Brazilian real in relation to the U.S. dollar has had significant effects
on the Company's financial statements. The exchange rate of the Brazilian
real ("R$") to the U.S. dollar was R$1.9554:US$1.00 at December 31, 2000,
R$2.3204:US$1.00 at December 31,2001 and R$3.5333:US$1.00 at December 31,
2002.
2. PRESENTATION OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
a) Basis of presentation
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America ("US GAAP"), which differs in certain respects from accounting
principles generally accepted in Brazil ("Brazilian GAAP"), which the
Company uses to prepare its statutory financial statements as filed
with the Brazilian Securities Commission - CVM ("Comissao de Valores
Mobiliarios").
F-9
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
2. PRESENTATION OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
b) Consolidation procedures
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Sadia
S.A. and its controlled subsidiaries (ownership interest greater than
50%). Investments in entities in which the Company does not control but
has significant influence over, are accounted for on the equity method.
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.
The following subsidiaries were included in the consolidated financial
statements:
Ownership %
-----------
Sadia International Ltd. 100.0
Sadia Uruguay S.A. 100.0
Sadia Argentina S.A. 100.0
Sadia Europe Ltd. 100.0
Sadia Italia S.R.L. 99.9
Sadia Chile S.A. 60.0
Sadia G.M.B.H (Austria) 100.0
Laxness F.C.P.A. S.A. 100.0
Concordia Corretora de Valores, Cambio e Commodities 100.0
Rezende Oleo Ltda. 100.0
Rezende Marketing e Comunicacoes Ltda. 100.0
F-10
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
2. PRESENTATION OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
c) Acquisition of Granja Rezende
On December 28, 1999, Sadia acquired the capital stock of Granja
Rezende S.A. (primarily a producer and distributor of poultry and pork
products) for R$137,303, consisting of cash in the amount of R$55,303
and the issuance of a R$82,000 note payable. The operations of Granja
Rezende S.A. are included in the consolidated statement of operations
from the date of acquisition. The transaction was accounted for as a
purchase and the excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired
over the cost of the acquisition was allocated to reduce the value
assigned to non current assets.
Immediately following the acquisition of Granja Rezende, the Company
decided to sell Granja Rezende's soybean crushing and oil manufacturing
plant, which was not then in operation, and administrative complex. At
December 31, 1999, these assets were carried at fair value less
estimated cost to sell as determined in the Granja Rezende purchase
price allocation and were classified as assets available for sale. On
March 22, 2000, the Company sold the soybean crushing and oil
manufacturing plant for net proceeds of R$30,800 which were equal to
the carrying value of the assets. The Company has still been developing
initiatives for the sale of Granja Rezende's administrative complex,
which is included in assets available for sale-non current assets at
its fair value, less estimated cost to sell, of R$18,149 at December
31, 2002. In addition, at the time of acquisition the Company
determined it would terminate certain employees of Granja Rezende and
provided for their dismissal cost (R$3,300) in the allocation of the
purchase price. Subsequent to the acquisition date, these employees
were terminated and paid in the amount provided. As mentioned in note
1, Granja Rezende S.A. was merged into Sadia S.A. during 2002.
d) Divestiture of investment in Lapa Alimentos S.A.
During 2000, the Company exchanged its 50% equity interest in Lapa
Alimentos S.A. ("Lapa") for certain accounts and notes receivable and
property and equipment of Lapa with an estimated fair value of
R$14,399, resulting in a loss on disposal of the investment of R$7,962.
During 2001 and 2002, a portion of these assets were sold at a loss of
R$1,111 in 2002 (a gain of R$504 in 2001) which is included in other
operating expense, net in the consolidated statement of operations. The
Company anticipates that the remaining property and equipment received
at its fair value, less estimated cost to sell, of R$2,891, included in
assets available for sale-current assets at December 31, 2002, will be
sold during 2003. The Company's equity in the net loss of Lapa, was
R$5,096 for the year ended December 31, 2000.
F-11
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in
the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
b) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with maturity of three
months or less when purchased.
c) Investments
Management determines the appropriate classification of the debt
securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as
of each balance sheet date. Available-for-sale securities are carried
at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported in other
comprehensive income. Interest on securities classified as
available-for-sale is included in interest income and other, net. The
specific identification method is used to determine the cost of
securities sold, with realized gains and losses included in interest
income and other, net.
Investments are classified as held-to-maturity when the Company has the
intention and ability to hold the securities to maturity.
Held-to-maturity securities are carried at amortized cost with realized
gains and losses reported in interest income and other, net.
In determining if and when a decline in market value below amortized
cost is other-than-temporary, management evaluates the market
conditions, offering prices and other key measures for the investments
in debt securities. When such a decline in value is deemed to be
other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is recognized in the operating
results to the extent of the decline.
d) Inventories
Inventories are stated at lower of cost or market using the average
cost method.
e) Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is
computed principally by the straight-line method over estimated useful
lives of 25 years for buildings, 5 to 10 years for machinery and
equipment, 10 years for installations and 4 years for vehicles.
F-12
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
f) Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company continually reevaluates the carrying value of its
long-lived assets for events or changes in circumstances, which
indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. As part of
this reevaluation, the Company estimates the future cash flows expected
to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposal. If the
sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without
interest charges) is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an
impairment loss is recognized through a charge to operations.
g) Interest attributed to shareholders' equity
Brazilian corporations are permitted to attribute interest on
shareholders' equity similar to dividends declared, which is deductible
for income tax purposes. The Company elected to pay such interest to
its shareholders on December 31, 2002 and accrued the amount due with a
direct charge to shareholders' equity. The distribution to the
shareholders is subject to withholding income tax at the rate of 15%.
h) Revenues and expenses
Revenues on sales and associated costs are recognized when products are
delivered to customers. Revenue on certain international sales is
recognized upon transfer of title, which may occur after shipment.
Shipping and handling costs are classified as cost of goods sold.
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and
totaled R$7,296, R$8,709 and R$7,598, for the years ended December 31,
2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
F-13
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
i) Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset
Retirement Obligations." This statement requires the Company to
recognize the fair value of a liability associated with the cost the
Company would be obligated to incur in order to retire an asset at some
point in the future. The liability would be recognized in the period in
which it is incurred and can be reasonably estimated. The standard is
effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002. The Company
expects to adopt this standard at the beginning of its fiscal 2003. The
Company believes the adoption of SFAS No. 143 will not have a material
impact on its financial position or results of operations.
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Costs
Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities." SFAS No. 146 addresses
financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with exit or
disposal activities and replaces EITF Issue No. 94-3, "Liability
Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs
to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a
Restructuring)." SFAS No. 146 requires that a liability for a cost
associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the
liability is incurred. SFAS No. 146 also establishes that fair value is
the objective for initial measurement of the liability. The statement
is effective for exit or disposal activities initiated after December
31, 2002. The Company believes the adoption of SFAS No. 146 will not
have a material impact on its financial position or results of
operations.
In November 2002, the FASB issued FIN 45, "Guarantor's Accounting and
Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees
of Indebtedness of Others" ("FIN 45"). The Interpretation requires
expanded disclosure to be made in the guarantor's financial statements
in regards to the guarantees and obligations under certain agreements.
It also requires that a guarantor recognize, as the inception of the
guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken
in issuing the guarantee. The disclosure requirements of FIN 45 are
effective for financial statements issued after December 31, 2002 and
have therefore been applied in the accompanying financial statements.
The recognition requirements of FIN 45 are applicable for guarantees
issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The Company is still
evaluating the effect, if any, that adoption of the Interpretation will
have on its financial condition and results of operations.
F-14
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
i) Recently Issued Accounting Standards (Continued)
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation 46, "Consolidation
of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46"). The Interpretation clarifies
the application of Accounting Research Bulletin 51, "Consolidated
Financial Statements", to certain entities in which equity investors do
not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do
not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its
activities without additional subordinated support from other parties.
FIN 46 requires existing, unconsolidated variable interest entities
("VIE") to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the
entities do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. All
companies with variable interest in VIE's created after January 31,
2003 shall apply the provisions of this Interpretation to those
entities immediately. A public company with a VIE created before
February 1, 2003, shall apply the provisions of this Interpretation to
that entity no later than the beginning of the first interim or annual
reporting period after June 15, 2003. For VIE's for which an enterprise
holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003, FIN
46 may be applied by either restating previously issued financial
statements or prospectively from the date of adoption. The Company will
begin applying the provisions of this new announcement effective
January 1, 2004. The Company will adopt the Interpretation on a
prospective basis.
j) Advertising expense
The cost of advertising is expensed as incurred. The Company incurred
advertising costs of R$82,154, R$90,519 and R$61,797, during the years
ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
k) Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the prevailing
exchange rate at the time of the related transactions. Foreign currency
denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated using the
exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences are
recognized in the statements of operations as they occur.
F-15
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
l) Income taxes
Income taxes have been provided using the liability method in
accordance with FASB statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes.
m) Earnings per share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated in accordance with FASB
Statement No. 128, Earnings per Share, for each class of shares, taking
into account that the preferred shares are entitled to a dividend 10%
greater than that of the common shares. The computation has been made
as if the net income for each year will be fully distributed. Earnings
may be used to increase capital or otherwise appropriated; consequently
such earnings would no longer be available as dividends. Therefore,
there is no assurance that preferred shareholders will receive the 10%
premium on undistributed earnings. The unit of one thousand shares is
used because this is the basis for quotation and trading on the Sao
Paulo Stock Exchange.
n) Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
As of January 1, 2001, the Company adopted Financial Accounting
Standards Board Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities (Statement 133) which was issued in
June, 1998 and its amendments Statements 137, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities--Deferral of the Effective Date of
FASB Statement No. 133, and 138, Accounting for Derivative Instruments
and Certain Hedging Activities issued in June 1999 and June 2000,
respectively (collectively referred to as Statement 133).
Statement 133 requires the Company to recognize foreign currency and
interest rate swap contracts on the balance sheet at fair value and
adjustments to fair value are included in foreign currency exchange
gain (loss), net. Prior to adoption of Statement 133, the Company
recognized such contracts on the balance sheet at contract value and
adjustments to contract value were recorded through income. The
adoption of Statement 133 in January 2001 resulted in a cumulative
effect of accounting change of R$5,843, net of applicable income tax
benefit of R$3,010, which was recognized as expense in the consolidated
statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2001.
o) Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years' financial
statements to conform to the current year presentation.
F-16
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
4. AVAILABLE FOR SALE DEBT AND HELD-TO-MATURITY SECURITIES
During 1999, the Company classified its investments in debt securities as
held-to-maturity based upon the Company's then positive intent and ability
to hold those securities to maturity. However, due to changes in market
interest rates during 2000, the Company's management reevaluated its
intent to hold the securities to maturity and reclassified its investments
in debt securities to available-for-sale. At the reclassification date,
the aggregate carrying amount of the securities was R$645,983 and the
aggregate fair value was R$672,100. The resulting unrealized gain of
R$26,117 was included in other comprehensive income.
During 2001 the Company received gross proceeds of R$264,186 (R$298,987 in
2000) from the sale of available-for-sale securities and realized gross
gains of R$3,030 (R$20,627 in 2000) on those sales. There were no sales of
available-for-sale securities during 2002.
The following is a summary of available for sale debt and held-to-maturity
securities at December 31, 2002 and 2001:
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE DEBT SECURITIES
---------------------------------------------------------
AMORTIZED GROSS GROSS ESTIMATED
COST UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR
GAINS LOSSES VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2002
National treasury notes 134,204 - (3,724) 130,480
Brazil Brady Bonds 857,481 - (172,944) 684,537
Global notes 16,028 - - 16,028
---------------------------------------------------------
Total 1,007,713 - (176,668) 831,045
=========================================================
HELD-TO-MATURITY SECURITIES
---------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2002
Bank deposit certificates 723,999 - (4,438) 719,561
---------------------------------------------------------
Total 723,999 - (4,438) 719,561
=========================================================
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE DEBT SECURITIES
---------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2001
National treasury notes 111,647 5,341 - 116,988
Brazil Brady Bonds 563,976 - (4,924) 559,052
Global notes 10,531 - - 10,531
---------------------------------------------------------
Total 686,154 5,341 (4,924) 686,571
=========================================================
F-17
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
4. AVAILABLE FOR SALE DEBT AND HELD-TO-MATURITY SECURITIES (Continued)
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available for sale debt and
held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2002, by contractual maturity,
are shown below:
AVAILABLE FOR-SALE-DEBT SECURITIES HELD-TO-MATURITY SECURITIES
--------------------------------------------------------------------
MATURITY PERIODS AMORTIZED ESTIMATED AMORTIZED ESTIMATED
COST FAIR VALUE COST FAIR VALUE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Due in less than one year 79,949 72,422 721,765 717,327
Due in one to three years 118,887 84,764 2,234 2,234
Due in three to five years 56,210 39,155 - -
Due after five years 752,667 634,704 - -
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1,007,713 831,045 723,999 719,561
====================================================================
5. ACCOUNTS AND NOTES RECEIVABLE, NET
2002 2001
--------------------------------
Customer
Domestic 226,270 251,282
Export, mainly denominated in U. S. dollars 283,164 147,164
Allowance for doubtful accounts (40,480) (20,622)
--------------------------------
468,954 377,824
================================
During 2002, 2001 and 2000, no single customer or group represented more
than 10% of consolidated sales.
6. INVENTORIES
2002 2001
--------------------------------
Finished goods 192,391 208,269
Live stock and poultry 413,904 274,115
Raw materials 124,806 88,747
Work in process 67,580 30,422
Packing material 31,188 27,174
Stock in transit 2,882 19,221
Advances to suppliers 649 5,032
Supplies in warehouse and other 27,194 32,135
--------------------------------
860,594 685,115
================================
F-18
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
7. RECOVERABLE TAXES
2002 2001
-------------------------------
Value-added state sales tax- ICMS 65,490 34,147
Federal excise tax - IPI 152,662 35,897
Income tax withheld at source 18,835 13,965
Social integration program contribution - PIS - 12,017
Other 7,108 4,590
-------------------------------
Total 244,095 100,616
Current portion (130,394) (72,344)
-------------------------------
Non current portion 113,701 28,272
===============================
Value-added state sales tax- ICMS
Value-added state sales tax is available to be utilized against ICMS
payable.
Federal excise tax - IPI
Federal excise tax - IPI credits includes the tax credit on packing and
other material and the presumed IPI incentive on exports. IPI credits are
recognized as a reduction of cost of raw materials used in the production
process of goods produced for export and are available to be utilized
against PIS and COFINS taxes payable.
Income tax withheld at source
Income tax withheld at source represents income tax paid upon redemption
of certain investments and is available to be utilized against other
federal income taxes payable.
8. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
2002 2001
----------------------------------
Land 36,362 36,323
Buildings 451,874 446,300
Machinery and equipment 751,604 723,024
Installations 169,995 157,908
Vehicles 17,971 23,636
Timber and reforestation 11,132 9,796
Other 104,955 97,547
Construction in progress 56,144 34,204
----------------------------------
1,600,037 1,528,738
Accumulated depreciation (739,967) (671,085)
----------------------------------
Total 860,070 857,653
==================================
F-19
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
9. ASSETS AVAILABLE FOR SALE
During 2000 the Company decided it would sell certain farm properties
related to its poultry segment and recorded an impairment loss of R$3,385,
included in other operating expense, net in the consolidated statement of
operations, to write down the assets to their estimated sales value, less
cost to sell, of R$15,689. During 2001 the assets were sold at a loss of
R$5,689 which is included in other operating expense, net. Also, during
2001 the Company recorded an impairment loss of R$5,164 on assets
available for sale, included in other operating expense, net, of which
R$3,239 related to the pork segment and R$1,925 was not related to an
identifiable segment. No impairment loss was required to be recognized in
2002.
10. SHORT-TERM DEBT
2002 2001
--------------------------------
Working capital from commercial banks 1,432,941 693,626
Bank borrowings, secured by accounts receivable 71,273 5,314
--------------------------------
1,504,214 698,940
================================
Working capital from commercial banks primarily relates to export
financing and pre-export advances, of which R$1,241,232 in 2002 and
R$486,999 in 2001 are denominated in U.S. dollars with interest at Libor
(1.39% at December 31, 2002) plus interest at the rate from 2% to 4.92% in
2002 (interest at the rate from 2.40% to 8.83% in 2001).
Bank borrowings, secured by accounts receivable, represent commitments
under recourse provisions to honor export receivables transferred to
banks. Historically, the Company has not been called upon to honor any
material unpaid amounts.
At December 31, 2002 and 2001, the weighted average interest rates on
short-term debt were 5.12% and 8.42%, respectively.
F-20
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
11. LONG-TERM DEBT
2002 2001
--------------------------------
FOREIGN DEBT (DENOMINATED IN U.S. DOLLARS):
IFC- International Finance Corporation, (for investment 419,951 332,569
in property, plant and equipment) due in installments
through 2008, R$340,161 interest at fixed rate of
8.52%, R$72,156 at fixed rate of 9.05% and R$7,634
interest at Libor (1.39% at December 31, 2002) plus
interest at the rate of 2.5%, secured by the related
assets with a carrying value of R$125,744.
Export financing, due in installments through 2006, 527,345 187,534
interest at Libor (1,39% in December 2002) plus
interest rate of 4.15%, guaranteed by promissory notes
or sureties issued by the Company.
LOCAL DEBT (DENOMINATED IN REAIS):
BNDES- due in installments through 2008, R$21,366 661,024 422,324
subject to long- term interest rate- TJLP (10% for
2002) plus interest rate of 3.15%, R$417,037 subject to
TJLP plus interest rate of 2.22%, R$80,192 subject to
TJLP plus interest rate of 3.49% and R$142,429 subject
to weighted average exchange rate variations on
currencies held by BNDES- UMBNDES (56% for 2002) plus
interest at the rates ranging from 3.5% to 3.86%,
secured by the branch facilities of Duque de Caxias,
Francisco Beltrao and Faxinal dos Guedes units with a
carrying value of R$37,722.
F-21
(TABLE CONT'D)
2002 2001
---------------------------------
PESA - Special Aid Program for Agribusiness payable in 105,130 84,546
installments to 2020, subject to the - General Price
Index -Market - IGP-M (25.3% for 2002) plus interest
rate of 9.89%, secured by investments in debt
securities with a carrying value of R$71,527
Other 39,564 74,240
---------------------------------
1,753,014 1,101,213
Less current portion of long- term debt (547,854) (211,446)
---------------------------------
Long- term portion 1,205,160 889,767
=================================
F-22
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
11. LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued)
The Company is subject to certain restrictive covenants contained in the
IFC agreement. These covenants include a restriction on the payment of
dividends in excess of the mandatory amount (see Note 14) without the
prior agreement of the IFC if certain working capital and other financial
ratios are not met. The Company did not meet one of the financial ratios
at December 31, 2002; however, the dividends paid during 2002 and in
February 2003 were in accordance with the mandatory amount. Payments of
dividends on future distributable income in excess of the mandatory amount
will require approval of the IFC prior to such payments until such time
that the Company meets the financial ratio.
At December 31, 2002, long-term debt maturities were as follows:
2003 547,854
2004 292,712
2005 392,879
2006 238,157
2007 94,474
Thereafter 186,938
---------
1,753,014
=========
12. JUDICIAL DEPOSITS
Judicial deposits are restricted assets of the Company and relate to
amounts placed on deposit with the court and held in judicial escrow,
pending resolution of related legal matters. The aggregate amounts of
judicial deposits the Company has made for certain legal proceedings is
approximately R$69 million and R$57 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001,
respectively.
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company is party to certain legal proceedings arising in the normal
course of business, and has made provisions when it believes that it can
reasonably estimate probable losses. The Company believes that the
provisions made are sufficient to cover probable losses. In connection
with certain legal proceedings, the Company has made judicial deposits
which will only be released upon a favorable judgment (footnote 12). The
aggregate amounts of reserves the Company has established for tax, labor
and other litigation is approximately R$57 million at December 31, 2002
and 2001.
F-23
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued)
During 2001, the Company received a final court decision that it had
overpaid social contributions made to the social integration program known
as PIS. The credits the Company became entitled to as a result of the
court decision in the amount of approximately R$85 million were recorded
as a reduction of value-added tax on sales line of the consolidated
statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2001. During 2001,
the Company utilized R$72 million of these credits to offset payment of
PIS and other federal taxes payable and the remaining R$12 million of
credits were used during 2002.
During May 2002, the Company received a final court ruling indicating that
the Company had overpaid certain export related taxes paid to the federal
government in the amount of approximately R$120 million. The credits the
Company became entitled to in the amount of R$78 million, net of legal
fees, were recorded as a reduction of cost of goods sold in the
consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2002.
During 2002, the Company utilized R$10 million of the credits to offset
payments of PIS and other federal taxes and the remaining R$110 million of
credits, included in recoverable taxes at December 31, 2002 (see note 7),
are expected to be used to offset federal taxes payable during 2003.
The Company's labor force is represented by collective bargaining
agreements. All collective bargaining agreements are re-negotiated
annually.
14. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
In accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law a company is permitted to use
appropriated and unappropriated retained earnings to increase capital.
Such a capital increase must be approved by the Company's Board of
Directors. The allocation of the capital increase between preferred and
common shares is proportional to the number of shares outstanding. Total
unappropriated retained earnings of R$160,223 in 2000 were used to
increase capital.
The Company's by- laws provide to pay a mandatory dividend to common and
preferred shareholders of at least 28% of annual net distributable income
determined in accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law. As from 1997,
preferred shareholders are entitled to receive a dividend per share 10%
higher than common shareholders. In 2000 and 2001, Sadia paid dividends
in excess of the mandatory amount. During 2002 and in February 2003, the
Company paid dividends in accordance with the mandatory amount.
F-24
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
14. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Continued)
The preferred shareholders may not vote at shareholders meetings but have
the right to receive priority in repayment of their capital, in the case
of liquidation.
Brazilian Corporate Law permits the payment of dividends only in reais,
limited to the amounts of research and development and expansion reserves
of appropriated retained earnings and unappropriated retained earnings in
the financial statements prepared in accordance with Brazilian Corporate
Law. At December 31, 2002 and 2001 the Company had in its statutory books
the following amounts:
2002 2001
--------------------------------
Appropriated retained earnings:
Research and development reserve 58,248 46,442
Expansion reserve 377,243 241,396
Unappropriated retained earnings 95,473 112,843
Dividends paid per thousand shares in R$ were as follows:
2002 2001 2000
------------------------------------------
Preferred 106.89 69.75 38.50
Common 97.18 63.41 35.00
Brazilian Corporate Law and the Company's by-laws require that annual
appropriations be made to certain reserves (appropriated retained
earnings). These comprise mainly (a) 5% of net income (statutory accounts)
must be transferred to a legal reserve until such reserve reaches 20% of
capital stock under Brazilian GAAP; (b) appropriation of 15% to a research
and development reserve which is general reserve for support development
of the Company's operations; (c) appropriation from 15% to 60% to a
expansion reserve. The legal reserve cannot be used to distribute
dividends to shareholders.
The components of appropriated retained earnings at December 31, 2002 and
2001 were as follows:
2002 2001
--------------------------------
Legal reserve 32,922 21,116
Research and development reserve 58,248 46,442
Expansion reserve 377,243 241,396
--------------------------------
468,413 308,954
================================
F-25
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
14. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Continued)
Costs or losses are not charged to appropriated retained earnings and no
part of the appropriation is transferred to income.
In April 2000, the Company's Board of Directors approved a stock award
plan for the Directors of the Company. Under the plan, Directors will
receive 5%, and may elect to receive an additional 5% or 10%, of their
annual bonus in shares of preferred stock based on the market price of the
stock at the date of bonus is paid. Shares paid to Directors in lieu of a
cash bonus payment are purchased in the market by the Company in the
Director's name. Based on the number of preferred shares a Director
receives, the Director will be entitled to a cash payment equal to any
increase in the market value of the preferred shares as of March 10 of the
third year following the bonus payment, provided that the Director still
holds the preferred stock and is still a Director of the Company. Based
upon the market value of the preferred shares at December 31, 2002 and
2001 no additional amounts were accrued to the Directors during 2002 and
2001. At December 31, 2002, there are 711,000 preferred shares under the
plan.
15. INCOME TAXES
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes was as
follows:
2002 2001 2000
--------------------------------------
Domestic 199,590 210,511 (22,260)
Foreign 97,140 49,390 43,194
--------------------------------------
296,730 259,901 20,934
======================================
Brazilian income taxes consist of federal income tax and social
contribution. The 2002, 2001 and 2000 statutory rates for these taxes were
as follows:
Federal income tax 25.00%
Social contribution tax 9.00%
-----
Combined statutory rate 34.00%
=====
Because the Company is engaged in rural activities, certain related
investments can be depreciated for tax purposes on an accelerated basis
and the resulting tax losses may be offset against profits generated in
other activities.
F-26
SADIA S.A.
NOTESTO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
INCOME TAXES (Continued)
The reconciliation of income tax at the Brazilian statutory rates to
income tax expense follows:
2002 2001 2000
------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 296,730 259,901 20,934
------------------------------------------------
Income tax expense, at Brazilian statutory taxes rates (100,888) (88,366) (7,118)
Reversal (accrual) of income tax liability on 3,113 (21,687) 14,686
undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiary
Permanent differences (2,134) (670) 3,009
Valuation allowance - 32,398 (32,398)
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiary- 40,756 - -
Non-taxable foreign currency exchange gain 23,791 - -
Benefit from deductibility of interest attributed to 23,207 27,269 -
shareholders' equity
------------------------------------------------
Income tax expense (12,155) (51,056) (21,821)
================================================
During 2002, the Company established a new foreign subsidiary. Due to a
current tax treaty, earnings generated by such subsidiary are taxed when
actually distributed. As the Company intends to reinvest the earnings of
this foreign subsidiary, no income tax payment is required. At December
31, 2002, the undistributed earnings of such foreign subsidiary in the
amount of R$119,870 are not tax effected. If such cumulative earnings were
to be distributed to the Company, approximately R$68 million of taxes
would be paid.
Undistributed earnings of the Company's foreign subsidiary amounted to
R$113,176 at December 31, 2001. At December 31, 2000 the Company had not
provided Brazilian income taxes on undistributed earnings of the foreign
subsidiary because those earnings were considered to be permanently
invested. Due to the enactment of a tax law during 2001, Brazilian companies
with subsidiaries abroad must declare and pay income taxes on profits
generated abroad in their Brazilian calendar year tax return. As a result of
this change in tax law, during 2001 the Company recorded an income tax
liability of R$38,480 applicable to the foreign subsidiary's undistributed
earnings though December 31, 2001 (including R$21,687 applicable to
undistributed earnings at December 31, 2000 for which income tax had not
previously been provided). The undistributed earnings of the foreign
subsidiary through December 31, 2001 were entirely taxed during 2002, which
resulted in a reversal of R$3,113 of the income tax liability recorded in
2001.
F-27
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
15. INCOME TAXES (Continued)
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are comprised of the following:
2002 2001
----------------------------------------------
Deferred tax assets:
Provision for employee bonuses - 5,100
Accrued contingencies 18,995 18,634
Tax loss carryforwards 42,620 58,627
Property, plant and equipment 72,125 79,500
Unrealized losses from investments in debt securities 60,067 -
Deferred charges 14,247 17,514
Other 5,704 13,107
----------------------------------------------
Total deferred income tax assets 213,758 192,482
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment (36,414) (38,135)
Pension plan (3,021) (3,516)
Unrealized gains from foreign currency and interest (14,297) -
rate swap contracts
Other - (4,086)
----------------------------------------------
Total deferred tax liabilities (53,732) (45,737)
----------------------------------------------
Net deferred tax assets 160,026 146,745
Current portion (31,740) (54,659)
----------------------------------------------
Non current portion 128,286 92,086
==============================================
Loss carryforwards have no expiration date and are available to offset up
to 30% of future taxable income in any given year. At December 31, 2002,
the Company had loss carryforwards of R$121,442 for income tax and
R$136,220 for social contribution tax.
16. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Since much of Sadia's debt is denominated in U.S. dollars, the Company
minimizes in part the effects of unfavorable exchange movements by holding
cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale instruments denominated in
U.S. dollars. Accordingly, if the real devalues against the U.S. dollar
and it results in a foreign exchange loss, the Company records an
offsetting gain from these dollar denominated contracts. Additionally to
protect against further possible devaluation of the real, the Company
enters into foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts.
F-28
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
16. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)
The Company used the following methods and assumptions in estimating the
fair value disclosures of its financial instruments:
Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amounts reported in the balance
sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair values.
Held-to-maturity securities: The fair value of held-to-maturity securities
are estimated based on quoted market prices of comparable contracts.
Investments in debt securities: The fair values of investments in debt
securities were estimated principally based on quoted market prices.
Accounts and notes receivable and accounts payable: The carrying amounts
reported in the balance sheet for accounts and notes receivable and
accounts payable approximate their fair values.
Long and short-term debt: The carrying amounts of short-term debt
approximate their fair values. The fair values of long-term debt are
estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company's
current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
Foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts: The fair values of
foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts were estimated based on
quoted market prices of comparable contracts. At December 31, 2002 and
2001 the notional amounts of the outstanding contracts were R$812,280 and
R$332,671 and the fair values were R$163,548 and R$14,137, respectively.
In 2000, the Company recognized foreign currency and interest rate swap
contracts on the balance sheet at contract value and adjustments to
contract value were recorded through income. In 2001, with the adoption of
Statement 133, the Company has recognized these contracts on the balance
sheet at fair value and adjustments to fair value were recorded through
income. The actual cash settlements on the contracts occur at times
specified in each agreement. The Company intends not to terminate any of
these contracts prior to maturity. The carrying amounts and fair values of
the Company's financial instruments at December 31 were as follows:
2002 2001
---------------------------------------------------------------------
CARRYING AMOUNT FAIR VALUE CARRYING AMOUNT FAIR VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents 455,596 455,596 269,550 269,550
Held-to-maturity investments 723,999 719,561 - -
Investments in debt securities 831,045 831,045 686,571 686,571
Accounts and notes receivable 468,954 468,954 377,824 377,824
Short- term debt 1,504,214 1,504,214 698,940 698,940
Accounts payable (suppliers) 247,176 247,176 175,727 175,727
Long- term debt 1,753,014 1,753,014 1,101,213 1,101,213
F-29
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
17. SUPPLEMENTARY RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan that offers
supplementary retirement benefits to the employees, through Attilio
Francisco Xavier Fontana Foundation. The pension benefit is generally
defined as the difference between (i) 80% of the retiree's average salary
during the last 36 months indexed to the date of retirement and (ii) the
value of the retirement pension paid by the Brazilian social security
system. For retired employees the initial pension payment is subsequently
adjusted upwards to recognize cost of living increases and productivity
awards granted to active employees. The Company provides for the costs of
pension benefits based on a fixed percentage of remuneration, as
recommended annually by independent actuaries.
As of January 1, 2001, the Company began sponsoring two new defined
benefit plans to its employees and certain employee executives. Such
benefit plans generally provide benefits payable as a single lump sum to
eligible employees upon retirement. The Company intends to fund these
benefits from its operations. The aggregate projected benefit obligation
and the aggregate accumulated benefit obligation related to those benefit
plans were R$40,707 and R$37,598, respectively, at December 31, 2002 and
R$36,906 and R$34,164, respectively, at December 31, 2001.
Information regarding the plans follows:
2002 2001
--------------------- ----------------------
CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION
Benefit obligation at beginning of year 427,283 326,583
Net service cost 14,424 13,185
Interest cost 47,167 36,119
Participants contributions (service cost) 4,849 4,391
Plan amendment - 34,509
Actuarial loss 38,758 31,115
Expenses paid - (1,637)
Benefits paid (22,087) (16,982)
--------------------- ----------------------
Benefit obligation at end of year 510,394 427,283
===================== ======================
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 497,258 408,507
Actual return on plan assets 61,092 101,240
Company contributions 4,331 1,646
Participant contributions 5,089 4,484
Expenses paid - (1,637)
Benefits paid (22,087) (16,982)
--------------------- ----------------------
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 545,683 497,258
===================== ======================
FUNDED STATUS
Funded status at end of year 35,289 69,975
Unrecognized transition asset (9,413) (11,295)
Unamortized prior service cost 32,112 34,509
Unrecognized net actuarial gain (49,102) (82,847)
--------------------- ----------------------
Net amount recognized 8,886 10,342
===================== ======================
F-30
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
17. SUPPLEMENTARY RETIREMENT PLAN (Continued)
AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL
POSITION 2002 2001
--------------------- ----------------------
Intangible asset 28,187 31,767
Prepaid pension plan 18,959 12,739
Accrued benefit liability (38,260) (34,164)
--------------------- ----------------------
Net amount recognized 8,886 10,342
===================== ======================
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS
Discount rate 11.3% 11.3%
Expected return on plan assets 12.4% 11.3%
Rate of compensation increase 7.1% 7.1%
2002 2001 2000
-------------- --------------- --------------
COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST
Service cost 14,424 13,185 15,597
Interest cost 47,167 36,119 17,869
Expected return on plan assets (55,589) (45,716) (21,476)
Amortization of transition asset (1,882) (1,882) (1,882)
Amortization of prior service cost 2,397 - -
Recognized net actuarial gain (996) (750) -
-------------- --------------- --------------
Net periodic pension cost 5,521 956 10,108
============== =============== ==============
Plan assets at December 31, 2002, included 24,998,558 common shares and
12,566,000 preferred shares of the Company (24,998,558 common shares and
14,166,000 preferred shares at December 31, 2001) with an aggregate fair
value of R$57,140. Dividends paid by the Company on shares held by the
plan were R$3,473 for the year ended December 31, 2002.
18. SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION
The following information about segments is based upon information used by
the Company's management to assess the performance of operating segments
and decides on the allocation of resources. This approach is required by
FASB Statement No.131 Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and
Related Information, and has been applied for all periods presented.
The Company has three identifiable reportable segments: Processed
products, Poultry and Pork.
The Company evaluates segment performance based on information generated
from its statutory accounting records which has been adjusted for US GAAP
in the following presentation:
F-31
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
18. SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION (Continued)
a) Segment information
2002 2001 2000
---------------------------------------------------------
NET OPERATING REVENUE
Processed products 1,796,137 1,599,497 1,441,716
Poultry 1,883,729 1,642,726 1,192,841
Pork 473,579 288,198 170,300
Other 33,690 72,049 76,419
---------------------------------------------------------
Total net operating revenue 4,187,135 3,602,470 2,881,276
=========================================================
Other net operating revenue is primarily attributable to grain and
by-products and beef products operations.
DEPRECIATION EXPENSE
Processed products 35,182 36,400 32,299
Poultry 36,926 34,724 26,291
Pork 9,993 6,546 4,629
Other 637 2,155 3,346
---------------------------------------------------------
Total depreciation expense allocated to 82,738 79,825 66,565
Segments
Depreciation allocated to administrative 9,398 9,077 6,950
expenses
---------------------------------------------------------
Total depreciation expense 92,136 88,902 73,515
=========================================================
SEGMENT OPERATING INCOME
Processed products 58,705 82,935 50,908
Poultry 239,653 338,570 37,622
Pork 40,403 57,079 1,859
Other 6,561 9,269 69
---------------------------------------------------------
Total operating income 345,322 487,853 90,458
Interest expense (317,755) (201,210) (187,268)
Interest income and other 266,462 144,635 190,519
Foreign currency exchange loss 2,701 (171,377) (72,775)
---------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes, equity 296,730 259,901 20,934
income or loss of investees and minority
interest
=========================================================
F-32
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
18. SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION (Continued)
a) Segment information (Continued)
2002 2001 2000
---------------------------------------------------------
SEGMENT ASSETS
Processed products 399,222 390,498 408,885
Poultry 309,054 312,173 334,063
Pork 105,388 99,087 97,558
Other 46,406 55,895 48,930
---------------------------------------------------------
Total property, plant and equipment 860,070 857,653 889,436
Reconciling items - corporate assets
Cash and cash equivalents 455,596 269,550 192,053
Held-to-maturity investments 723,999 - -
Available-for-sale debt securities 831,045 686,571 774,232
Accounts and notes receivable, net 468,954 377,824 393,421
Inventories 860,594 685,115 529,897
Other corporate assets 715,302 448,592 423,754
---------------------------------------------------------
Total consolidated assets 4,915,560 3,325,305 3,202,793
=========================================================
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
Processed products 44,753 18,013 50,286
Poultry 34,692 26,088 55,651
Pork 16,529 8,075 7,001
Other 16,148 51,346 42,741
---------------------------------------------------------
Total segment capital expenditures 112,122 103,522 155,679
=========================================================
b) Export sales by region/market
Europe 572,615 486,149 276,166
Middle East 534,055 486,149 282,716
Asia 287,272 212,690 166,381
Mercosul 50,128 60,769 82,011
Emerging markets (mainly Russia and other 483,927 234,291 66,116
former Soviet Union countries)
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
1,927,997 1,480,048 873,390
================== ================== ==================
Revenues are attributed to regions based upon where the products are
shipped.
All long-lived operational assets are located in Brazil and assets located
outside of Brazil consist of a distribution center in Argentina and sales
offices located in various countries.
F-33
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
19. CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
The Company is potentially subject to credit risk with respect to its cash
equivalents, investments in debt securities, held-to-maturity securities
and derivative contracts. The Company limits its risk associated with
these financial instruments by placing them with highly rated financial
institutions. The Company does not require collateral for these financial
instruments.
Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is
minimized due to the large customer base. Generally the Company does not
require collateral for accounts receivable. An allowance for doubtful
accounts has been established against those that management believes will
not be fully collected.
The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:
2002 2001 2000
----------------------------------------------
Balance at the beginning of the year (20,622) (26,642) (21,634)
Amounts charged to expense (20,784) (10,935) (12,358)
Write offs 926 16,955 7,350
----------------------------------------------
Balance at the end of the year (40,480) (20,622) (26,642)
==============================================
20. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
2002 2001 2000
----------------------------------------------
Income taxes paid 1,333 419 1,358
Interest paid (including exchange variation) 146,151 128,197 129,205
Interest capitalized as part of property, plant and equipment was R$5,768,
R$2,499 and R$6,020 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively.
F-34
SADIA S.A.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(In thousands of Reais - R$, unless otherwise indicated)
21. SUPPLEMENTAL INTEREST EXPENSE AND INTEREST INCOME AND OTHER
2002 2001 2000
-------------- --------------- --------------
Interest expenses
Interest and charges on real debt 167,269 64,055 34,185
Interest and charges on U.S. dollar debt 113,972 96,286 116,066
Other 36,514 40,869 37,017
-------------- --------------- --------------
317,755 201,210 187,268
============== =============== ==============
Interest income and other, net
Interest income on cash equivalents and 245,798 117,806 138,456
investments in debt securities
Gain on sale of securities - 3,030 20,627
Loss on divestiture of Lapa investment - - (7,962)
Other, net 20,664 23,799 39,398
-------------- --------------- --------------
266,462 144,635 190,519
============== =============== ==============
Interest and charges on real debt includes interest on indebtedness to
related parties of R$652 and R$4,698 in 2001 and 2000, respectively.
F-35